EP3010668B1 - Reversible wire twisting pliers - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a reversible braking device comprising a reversible motion transformation device for transforming a translation / rotation movement into a rotation / translation movement successively in a first direction and then in a second direction.

Prior art

The reversible clamps (or tweezers) are tools commonly used to plumb some equipment after verification and / or adjustment and thus testify the integrity of the equipment and its setting. The equipment to be sealed is for example a motor protected by a housing formed by two shells. To seal this engine, the hulls are provided with one or more eyelets provided opposite one another and capable of receiving the passage of one or more metal wires. The free ends of the metal wires are twisted by means of a pliers to brake. This twist is then sealed by means of a seal. Thus, any opening operation of the housing can be detected visually by the degradation of the twist and / or the seal.

Braking clamps are also used more widely to close down electrical meters and / or sensitive equipment.

The clamps may also be used to lock in rotation of the screw elements, for example screws and / or nuts, and prevent the unwanted loosening of these clamping elements. The locking of the screwed elements is particularly useful when the screwed elements are subjected to repeated vibrations, which is particularly the case in the aeronautical field, or wider way in the field of transport. In these areas for which safety is a priority, the good behavior of screwed elements is essential to avoid human and material disasters.

The clamps can also be used in the building industry to hold in position reinforcements, for example metal rods, before pouring in concrete. The clamps can finally be used in the field of orthopedics for example to bind bones together by means of suitable links.

The clamps to be braked are commonly provided with a clamping device for gripping metal son to twist, for example by means of jaws connected to handles. The braking clamps also comprise a device for transforming movements capable of transforming the translation of a pin into rotation of the jaws and thus to obtain the twisting of the metal wires.

To perform the twisting, the son are blocked between the jaws by means of the handles. The pliers are then held by the end of the spindle which is pulled backwards, relative to the jaws, between its starting position and a rear position. The translation towards the rear of the spindle causes the jaws to rotate and thus twist the wires. The braking clamps are commonly equipped with a return spring to bring the pin back from its rear position to its starting position, and proceed or not to one or more additional twists.

There are simple braking forceps, such as those described above, and reversible braking forceps comprising a reversible movement transformation device for twisting the metal wires successively in a first direction then in a second.

• une position libre dans laquelle elle est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du barillet et autorise la rotation de l'écrou à droite ou à gauche, et
• une position d'entraînement dans laquelle elle est inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du barillet, une de ses extrémités longitudinales étant logée dans une des rainures d'engagement de l'écrou à droite ou à gauche correspondant pour bloquer la rotation de l'écrou à droite ou à gauche par rapport au barillet.

Such a reversible locking pliers is described in the publication US 4,665,953 . The reversible reversible movement transformation device of this reversible clamp comprises in particular a spindle provided with two propellers of the same pitch, provided in opposite directions with respect to each other, namely a helix on the left and a propeller on the right. . The helix to the right of this pin is coupled to a nut on the right and the propeller on the left is coupled to a nut on the left. These nuts on the right and left are housed in a barrel and each comprise a shoulder provided on its periphery with longitudinal engagement grooves. The barrel has a lateral opening provided with notches, adapted to receive the lateral wings of a first and a second blocking plates respectively provided opposite the engagement grooves of one of the nuts on the right or on the left. Each blocking plate is able to pivot in its notch between:

• a free position in which it is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel and allows the rotation of the nut to the right or left, and
• a driving position in which it is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, one of its longitudinal ends being housed in one of the engagement grooves of the nut to the right or left corresponding to block the rotation of the nut on the right or left side of the barrel.

The barrel comprises an actuator movable in longitudinal translation in the lateral opening, coupled to an inverted U-shaped spring blade, successively soliciting the inclination of the first and second plates between a first configuration in which the first plate is in its position. free and the second wafer is in its driving position, and a second configuration in which the first wafer is in its driving position and the second wafer is in its free position. This brake clamp also comprises automatic locking means for locking the handles in their closed position. This reversible brake is not practical to use. Indeed, the reversal of the direction of rotation is obtained by a translation, this gesture being impractical to achieve and often requiring the use of both hands. In addition, when using the reversible brake clamp, the automatic locking of the handles is not always desirable and may interfere with the use of this reversible brake clamp.

Another example is given in the publication US5,211,209 which describes a reversible brake clamp substantially similar to the previous one. It differs in particular in that the reversible motion transformation device comprises visual cues provided under the actuator and thus to visualize the longitudinal position of the actuator and thus the direction of rotation in which the reversible brake clamp is ready to shoot. This reversible braking clip further comprises an elastic member urging the handles to their open position, and a locking device blocking the handles in the closed position. This locking device comprises a hook secured to a first handle and circulating in a housing provided in a housing coupled to the second handle, between a locking position in which it holds the hook locked in the housing, and an unlocked position. in which it authorizes the exit of the hook of the housing. The latch is biased from its locked position to its unlocked position by a spring. To lock the hook in the housing, and thus the handles in their closed position, the user forces the movement of the latch towards the hook compressing the spring. The force of opening of the handles applied by the elastic element urging them in the opposite direction is such that it prevents the release of the hook, itself biased by the spring. The handles are then in the closed and locked position. To unlock the handles, the user tightens them slightly towards each other which causes the release of the spring, the movement of the latch and the release of the hook. The locking and unlocking of the handles of this reversible braking device are therefore controlled by the user.

The change of direction of rotation of the reversible locking pliers described in the two previous publications is controlled by the longitudinal displacement of an actuator. A major disadvantage of this type of reversible braking device results in the fact that this movement can be inadvertently controlled by the user, making the use of the reversible braking device unreliable.

The reversible locking clip described in the publication US 5,560,402 , on which the preamble of claim 1 is based, comprises a reversible motion transformation device whose direction of rotation is controlled by an angular displacement of a barrel.

Other publications such as US 4,842,025 describe alternative embodiments, including a spindle whose helical pitch is variable along the length of the spindle.

Known reversible locking pliers are often impractical to use and generally complicated construction, assembly and operation which makes them fragile and limits their service life.

Presentation of the invention

The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a reversible braking clip comprising a reversible motion transformation device having improved robustness enabling it to withstand harsh conditions of use in a dusty environment and intensive use while remaining reliable over time. The reversible braking clamp according to the invention is more compact, easy to use and easy to use with one hand to ensure the twisting in a first direction, the change of direction and twisting in a second direction.

In the remainder of the description, the term "longitudinal (e)" is used to describe any element and / or plane and / or direction substantially parallel to the axis of the spindle, the term "transverse" is used to qualify any element and / or plane and / or direction substantially perpendicular (s) to the axis of the spindle and the term "radial" is used to qualify any element and / or direction oriented (e) towards the longitudinal axis, this element and / or this direction can be included in a transverse plane and / or in a plane inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis and / or on a cone of revolution centered on the longitudinal axis

Furthermore, the terms "proximal" and "distal" are used with reference to a clamp provided with a transformation device according to the invention and comprising a spindle whose end is capable of being manipulated to generate this transformation of movements. . The term "proximal" is thus used to describe any element situated towards and / or any direction directed towards the end of the pin that can be manipulated by the user to cause the transformation of movements and thus close to the hand used to grasping the spit. The term "distal" is used for any element located towards and / or any direction facing the opposite direction. The terms "proximal" and "distal" are to be transposed for any other motion transformation device.

• une position à droite dans laquelle ledit élément de guidage à droite est forcé dans sa position d'entraînement et ledit élément de guidage à gauche est dans sa position libre, et
• une position à gauche dans laquelle ledit élément de guidage à droite est dans sa position libre et ledit élément de guidage à gauche est forcé dans sa position d'entraînement.

The invention relates to a reversible braking device comprising a clamping device provided with clamping jaws movable between an open position and a closed position in which they are forced towards each other, a reversible movement transformation device comprising at least one housing and a spindle having a longitudinal axis C of revolution and being movable in translation relative to said clamping device, said clamping device being coupled by anchoring means, at least in the closed position, to said transformation device so that the translation of said spindle is transformed, by said transformation device, into rotation of said clamping device, said spindle being provided with at least one propeller on the right and a propeller on the left with recesses and similar pitches, said casing and said pin being connected by coupling means having at least one right-hand guiding element and one e separate left guidance, each movable radially between a driving position in which said housing is forcedly coupled respectively to said propeller on the right, on the left, and a free position in which said housing is free with respect to said propeller to right, left, said housing being movable relative to said guide elements on the right, on the left to allow the reversal of the direction of the transformation of movements, between:

• a right-hand position in which said right-hand guide member is forced into its driving position and said left-hand guide member is in its free position, and
• a position to the left in which said right-hand guide member is in its free position and said left-hand guide member is forced into its driving position.

Said clamp to be braked is remarkable in that said coupling means comprise a monobloc barrel, concentric with said spindle, disposed between said housing and said spindle, traversed radially by at least one guide orifice capable of permanently receiving at least a first portion of said guide elements on the right, on the left, said guide elements on the right, left being movable in said guide hole so that a second portion of each guide member on the right, left is forcibly engaged and directly in said propeller on the right, left, in said drive position of each said guide elements to the right, to the left.

In this application, barrel "monobloc" means a barrel directly formed in one piece. The term "engaged element of forced in a propeller" is also meant when it is not free to retract without additional specific constraint. Finally "separate" elements are elements that are not integral with each other, formed by two parts which, during manufacture and assembly of the transformation device, can be handled independently of one another. Furthermore, it is meant by "guiding element engaged directly in the propeller" that it is the guide element itself which is engaged in the propeller and not the guide element which engages another part in the helix. propeller, the guide element is not itself engaged.

Due to its specific characteristics, the braking device according to the invention is robust, simple to manufacture and suitable for use in difficult conditions while having a good service life. Because of its compactness, this clamp and its transformation device can also be used with one hand.

Said guide elements to the right and to the left are preferably angularly fixed with respect to said axis longitudinal of said spindle.

Advantageously, said housing comprises at least one guide housing and a bearing surface, said guide housing being adapted to be in alignment with the displacement of said guide element to the right, to the left, in its free position, and receiving a third portion respectively of said guide member to the right, to the left, said bearing surface being simultaneously adapted to be in alignment with the displacement of said guide member to the left, to the right in its driving position and to maintain said second portion of said guide member to the left, to the right forcibly engaged and directly respectively in said propeller on the left, on the right.

According to a preferred embodiment, said guide housing is adapted to receive said third portion of said guide member to the right, to the left, in its free position, without any portion of said guide member to the right, to the left is engaged in said helix on the right, on the corresponding left, said propellers on the right, on the left, being able to receive said second portion of said guide element on the right, on the left, in its driving position without any part of said guide element to the right, to the left, is engaged in said guide housing, so that said guide members on the right, left, can not exceed, in each position, only one end of said guide orifice.

The height of said guide elements on the right, on the left, is preferably greater than the thickness of the wall of said cylinder at said guide orifice so that said guide elements on the right, on the left, permanently exceed at least an end of said guide hole.

• ledit logement de guidage ne soit pas dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à droite, et ladite surface d'appui soit dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à droite,
• ledit logement de guidage soit dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à gauche, et ladite surface d'appui ne soit pas dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à gauche,

et que, dans ladite position à gauche :

• ledit logement de guidage soit dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à droite, et ladite surface d'appui ne soit pas dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à droite,
• ledit logement de guidage ne soit pas dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à gauche, et ladite surface d'appui soit dans l'alignement du déplacement dudit élément de guidage à gauche.

In a preferred manner, said coupling means are arranged so that, in said right-hand position:

• said guide housing is not in alignment with the displacement of said guide member to the right, and said bearing surface is in alignment with the displacement of said right guide member,
• said guide housing is in alignment with the displacement of said left guide member, and said bearing surface is not in alignment with the displacement of said left guide member;

and that in the said position on the left:

• said guide housing is in alignment with the displacement of said right guide member, and said bearing surface is not in alignment with the displacement of said right guide member;
• said guide housing is not in alignment with the displacement of said left guide member, and said bearing surface is in alignment with the displacement of said left guide member.

Said cylinder advantageously comprises at least one connecting element arranged to be permanently engaged by force in one of said propellers on the right, on the left, according to the helix opposite which it is located.

According to a preferred embodiment, said connecting element is angularly offset in a transverse plane, and / or longitudinally with respect to said guide orifice so that, when said connecting element is at a first intersection of said propellers on the right and to the left, none of said right and left guide elements are at a second intersection of said right and left propellers.

Said cylinder may comprise a radial connection opening, opening at least towards the inside of said cylinder, closed permanently towards the outside of said cylinder and receiving said connecting element.

"Inward" means in the present request oriented towards the longitudinal axis C of revolution of the spindle, and "outwardly" is meant oriented away from this longitudinal axis C.

This connecting orifice can pass through said barrel and said casing can be provided, facing said through-connection orifice, with a continuous connection surface closing off said connection orifice.

Advantageously, said coupling means comprise locking means arranged to tend to maintain said casing and said barrel in each of said positions to the right and left.

Said locking means preferably comprise at least two first stops provided on one of said barrel, housing and offset between them angularly or longitudinally, a second stop respectively coupled to said casing, barrel and adapted to cooperate successively with one of said first stops and urged respectively to said barrel, housing by elastic return means arranged so that the passage between said positions to the right and left is possible only after application of a predetermined force greater than that exerted by said elastic return means .

Preferably said coupling means comprise guide means allowing only one of the following relative mobility: angular mobility in a transverse plane or longitudinal mobility, said housing and said cylinder between said positions to the right and left.

Said casing may be formed of a sheet having at least one dish-shaped deformation, oriented outwards, defining said guide housing and an inner surface having a generatrix substantially similar to the outer generator of said cylinder and defining said surface. 'support.

Said barrel advantageously comprises at least one right guide orifice adapted to permanently receive at least a portion of said guide member to the right and a left guide hole adapted to permanently receive at least a portion of said guide member to the left.

Advantageously, said housing comprises at least one right guide housing adapted to receive the third portion of said guide member to the right in its drive position, a left guide housing adapted to receive the third portion of said guide member. left in its driving position, a right bearing surface adapted to maintain said guide member to the right in its driving position and a left bearing surface adapted to maintain said guide member to the left in its driving position.

According to a preferred embodiment, said guide means are arranged to allow only the angular mobility in a transverse plane of said housing relative to said cylinder between said positions to the right and to the left, said guide orifice to the right, said surface of said right support and said guide housing on the right being disposed on the same cone of revolution on the right, said guide port on the left, said support surface on the left and said guide housing on the left state disposed in the same cone of left revolution, said first stops, said second stop and said locking orifice being disposed in the same cone of thrust revolution, said first stops being offset from each other angularly on said cone of revolution stops.

According to a last preferred embodiment, the reversible braking device comprises, on the one hand, a cutting portion on each of its clamping jaws, said two cutting parts being arranged facing each other and able to cut a wire or similar and, on the other hand, a device for recovering falls of threads or the like.

Preferably, the recovery device comprises, firstly, a jaw disposed on each of two clamping jaws, said two jaws being arranged vis-à-vis to the right of the two cutting parts and able to move substantially perpendicularly at the cutting plane P of said cutting parts and, secondly, pressure means associated with said jaws and exerting a force tending to keep the two jaws in contact with each other when the clamping jaws are in the closed position .

According to an alternative embodiment, the recovery device comprises a deformable jaw integral with each pressure jaw, said deformable jaw being configured to deform so as to exert a force tending to maintain the two deformable jaws in contact with each other. other when the clamping jaws are in the closed position.

Brief description of the figures

• les figures 1A et 1B sont des vues respectivement en élévation et de côté d'une pince à freiner réversible selon l'invention comportant notamment des mâchoires prolongées par des poignées et un dispositif de transformation de mouvements réversible, les poignées étant sur ces figures en position fermée mais déverrouillée ;
• la figure 2 est une figure en perspective éclatée partielle de la pince à freiner réversible des figures 1A et 1B, la pince à freiner réversible étant représentée sans ses poignées ;
• la figure 3A est une vue en coupe selon le plan de coupe AA de la figure 1A de la pince à freiner réversible représentée sans ses poignées et dans une première configuration du dispositif de transformation correspondant à un premier sens de rotation de la pince à freiner réversible ;

• la figure 3B est une vue en perspective partiellement en coupe de la pince à freiner réversible de la figure 3A ;
• les figures 4A et 4B sont des vues similaires aux figures 3A et 3B de la pince à freiner réversible selon l'invention dans une seconde configuration du dispositif de transformation correspondant à un second sens de rotation de la pince à freiner réversible ;
• les figures 5A et 5B sont des vues en coupe selon le plan de coupe BB de la figure 1B de la pince à freiner réversible respectivement en position "repos" et en position "arrière" de la broche à double hélices par rapport aux mâchoires ;
• les figures 6A et 6B sont similaires respectivement aux figures 1A et 5B et représentent la pince à freiner réversible lorsque ses poignées sont en position fermée et verrouillée ;
• la figure 7A est une vue en perspective d'une variante de la pince à freiner réversible selon l'invention, le dispositif de transformation de mouvements réversible étant représenté en transparence, les poignées étant sur cette figure en position fermée mais déverrouillée ;
• la figure 7B est une vue de détail agrandie de la figure 7A ;
• la figure 8 est une vue de détail agrandie en élévation de la pince à freiner réversible selon l'invention comportant un dispositif de récupération des chutes de fils ou similaire ;
• la figure 9 est une vue de détail agrandie de côté de la pince à freiner réversible selon l'invention comportant un dispositif de récupération des chutes de fils ou similaire ;
• la figure 10 est une vue en coupe selon le plan de coupe DD de la figure 8 ;
• la figure 11 est une vue en coupe semblable à la figure 10 d'une variante de réalisation dispositif de récupération des chutes de fils ou similaire.

Other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description of an embodiment of a reversible braking device according to the invention with reference to the appended figures in which:

• the Figures 1A and 1B are views respectively in elevation and side of a reversible braking clamp according to the invention comprising in particular jaws extended by handles and a reversible motion transformation device, the handles being in these figures in the closed position but unlocked;
• the figure 2 is a partial exploded perspective view of the reversible brake Figures 1A and 1B , the reversible braking clip being shown without its handles;
• the figure 3A is a sectional view along the section plane AA of the Figure 1A the reversible brake clip shown without its handles and in a first configuration of the transformation device corresponding to a first direction of rotation of the reversible brake clip;

• the figure 3B is a perspective view partially in section of the reversible braking clamp of the figure 3A ;
• the Figures 4A and 4B are similar views to Figures 3A and 3B of the reversible braking device according to the invention in a second configuration of the transformation device corresponding to a second direction of rotation of the reversible braking device;
• the Figures 5A and 5B are sectional views along the sectional plane BB of the Figure 1B the reversible brake clamp respectively in the "rest" and "back" position of the double helix spindle with respect to the jaws;
• the Figures 6A and 6B are similar to Figures 1A and 5B and represent the reversible locking pliers when its handles are in the closed and locked position;
• the Figure 7A is a perspective view of a variant of the reversible braking clamp according to the invention, the reversible movement transformation device being shown in transparency, the handles being in this figure in the closed position but unlocked;
• the Figure 7B is an enlarged detail view of the Figure 7A ;
• the figure 8 is an enlarged detail view in elevation of the reversible braking device according to the invention comprising a device for recovering falls of threads or the like;
• the figure 9 is an enlarged detail view of the side of the reversible braking device according to the invention comprising a device for recovering falls of threads or similar;
• the figure 10 is a sectional view along the section plane DD of the figure 8 ;
• the figure 11 is a sectional view similar to the figure 10 of an alternative embodiment device for recovering falls of threads or the like.

Best way to realize the technical invention

Referring to the figures, the reversible braking clamp 1 according to the invention comprises a clamping device 100 coupled to a reversible movement transformation device 200.

With particular reference to Figures 1A, 1B and 6A , the clamping device 100 is known and comprises in particular two clamping jaws 2 each extended by a handle 3. The clamping jaws 2 and the handles 3 are arranged in a cross and pivotally mounted on a pivot axis 4 around which they can be articulated between a closed position in which the clamping jaws 2 are forced towards each other and exert a clamping pressure between them, and an open position in which the clamping jaws 2 are not forced towards one another the other. The handles 3 have a length greater than that of the clamping jaws 2 allowing the user to benefit from a leverage effect ensuring a good clamping pressure between the clamping jaws 2, and thus to effectively hold the metal wires to be twisted . The clamping jaws 2 and the handles 3 can be locked in their closed position by locking means described below. The distal ends of the handles 3 are separated by a leaf spring 5 having two flanges 50, 51 inclined relative to each other. A first wing 50 is secured to a first handle 3, the second wing 51 is free so that when the handles 3 are in the closed position, the lateral edge of the second wing 51 is in abutment against the other handle 3. The spring blade 5 is then deformed elastically between the two handles 3. In this position, the spring blade 5 tends to open the 3. After unlocking the handles 3, under the effect of the spring blade 5 which tends to return to its undistorted state, the reversible braking clamp 1 begins to open on its own. The opening of the handles 3 is for example initiated by the spring blade 5 at an angle of about 15 °. The opening force to be provided by the user is thus less and the good maneuverability of the reversible brake clamp 1 guarantee.

The transformation device 200 comprises a pin 6, movable in translation relative to the clamping device 100 and able to be actuated manually. The transformation device 200 also comprises a housing 7 coupled to the clamping device 100 and coupling means. The transformation device 200 is arranged to transform the translation in a first direction of translation of the spindle 6 in rotation of the clamping device 100 in a first direction of rotation and thus to generate a twist of the threads oriented in a first direction of twisting. The transformation device 200 is able to reverse the direction of the transformation of the movements and, after this inversion, to transform the translation in the same first direction of translation of the spindle 6 into rotation of the clamping device 100 in a second direction of rotation. , and thus generate a twisting of the son oriented in a second direction of twisting. The wires can thus be twisted in a first direction and then in a second direction, opposite the first direction and so on.

Pin 6 is in the form of a shaft having a longitudinal axis C of revolution. Pin 6 is provided two propellers 61, 62 recessed, a right helix 61 and a left helix 62, substantially identical pitch and profile. The propellers on the right 61 and left 62 therefore intersect at regular intervals along the length of the spindle 6. According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the spindle can be provided with a number of propellers on the right and left upper, the pitch between two helices of the same direction being then a sub-multiple of the pitch of the same helix.

Said propellers on the right 61 and left 62 preferably have a triangular profile provided with a curvilinear bottom adapted to cooperate with balls (described later) circulating in the right and left-hand propellers 61 to ensure the transformation of movements while guaranteeing a regular contact between the bottom of the propellers on the right 61 and left 62 and each ball. Thus the operation of the reversible braking clamp 1 is more flexible and soft than that known clamping pliers.

The distal portion of the spindle 6 is housed in a guide tube 8 fixed to the second flange 51 of the spring blade 5 by means of a rivet 9. Any other suitable means can of course be used to replace the rivet 9. distal end of the pin 6 is provided with a threaded portion 60a (Cf. figure 2 ) of smaller diameter than the rest of the pin 6 and defining a bearing shoulder 60b. The threaded portion 60a is adapted to receive a nut 63 blocking a bearing washer 64 between the nut 63 and the bearing shoulder 60b. This support washer 64 serves as a stop distal to a compression main spring 10 threaded onto the spindle 6. The proximal portion of the spindle 6 is housed in the housing 7 in which it is guided, in a helical connection, by the intermediate guiding means for the transformation of the translation of the spindle 6, in rotation of the clamping device 100. The proximal end of the spindle 6 is provided with a button pulling lever 65 adapted to be manipulated by a user to pull and push the pin 6 longitudinally relative to the clamping device 100. This pull button 65 has a non-through bore 68 receiving the distal end of the pin 6. The button pull 65 is fixed to the spindle 6 by means of a grub screw 66 passing through a threaded orifice 67 provided in the pull button 65 and a smooth orifice 69 provided in the spindle 6.

According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the orifice provided in the pulling knob can be smooth and the orifice provided in the threaded spindle. Any other suitable fastening means may be used to replace the grub screw and the smooth and threaded holes.

The coupling means comprise a single barrel 11, guide elements on the right and guide elements on the left. The barrel 11 is in the general form of a cylindrical sleeve, traversed by a sleeve bore 110 slidably threaded on the proximal portion of the pin 6. It is therefore located between the pin 6 and a housing described below. The relative movement along the longitudinal axis C between the barrel 11 and the spindle 6 is substantially zero. In addition to the sleeve bore 110, the barrel 11 has a main bore 111 and a secondary bore 112 extending from the distal end of the barrel 11, concentric with the sleeve bore 110 and having diameters greater than that of the bore of sleeve 110. The diameter of the main bore 111 is also smaller than that of the secondary bore 112, and the length of the main bore 111 is greater than that of the secondary bore 112. The main shoulder 111a, formed by the difference in diameters between the main bore 111 and the sleeve bore 110, serves as a stop proximal to the main spring 10. The secondary shoulder 112a, formed by the difference in diameters between the secondary bore 112 and the main bore 111 serves as a proximal stop for a secondary spring 14 provided between the barrel 11 and an actuating tube 15 of the unlocking means described below. The distal end of the barrel 11 is provided with a wheel 113 adapted to be manipulated by the user to angularly orient the barrel 11 relative to the casing 7. The proximal end of the barrel 11 bears on the pull button 65 against which the barrel 11 is held in position by means of the main spring 10 provided between the bearing washer 64 and the main shoulder 111a of the barrel 11.

The barrel 11 has two lateral portions 114 separated by a median portion 115 of outside diameter smaller than the diameter of the lateral portions 114. The medial portion 115 is surrounded by the casing 7 described below. The difference in diameters between the middle portion 115 and the lateral portions 114 forms median shoulders 115a serving as guiding means for the casing 7 by defining longitudinal abutments making it possible to limit the mobility between the casing 7 and the barrel 11 to a mobility angular. In this example, the thickness of the casing 7 is substantially equal to the difference in diameters between the median portion 114 and the side portions 115 of the barrel 11. The continuity between the outer diameters is thus ensured.

According to other embodiments not shown, the housing thickness may be less than or greater than this difference in diameters. According to yet another variant embodiment not shown, the casing is extended by portions of greater diameter and forming a recess extending on either side of the central zone over the barrel.

The barrel 11 comprises, in the proximal portion of its median portion 115, a pair of connecting orifices 116a, b radial, of which only one is visible on the Figures 3B and 4B . These connecting orifices 116a, b are arranged facing one another, in the same transverse plane, and they pass through the wall of the barrel 11. The outer end of each connecting orifice 116a, b (end oriented towards the outside of the barrel 11) is permanently closed by the casing 7 surrounding the middle portion 115 of the barrel 11. To do this, the casing 7 has a connecting surface 77 (Cf. Figures 3B and 4B ), continuous, circular, able to simultaneously close the outer end of the two connecting orifices 116a, b, regardless of the relative position of the casing 7 and the barrel 11. Each connecting orifice 116a, b receives a connecting ball 117a , b (Cf. Figures 3B and 4B ) whose diameter is greater than the height of the connecting orifice 116a, b and less than the distance separating the connecting surface 77 from the bottom of the helix to the right 61 or to the left 62 facing the connection orifice 116a, b. Thus, the outer portion of each connecting ball 117a, b (outwardly facing portion of the barrel 11) is in contact with the casing 7 and the inner portion of each connecting ball 117a, b (portion facing inwards of the barrel 11) protrudes from the connecting orifice 116a, b towards the inside of the barrel 11 so as to be force-fitted in the right-hand helix 61, in the left-hand propeller 62 or in an intersection of the propellers to 61 and left 62. The connecting balls 117a, b are thus permanently coupled to the pin 6 and maintain, in all circumstances, the helical connection between the barrel 11 and the pin 6. The transverse plane, in which are provided the connecting orifices 116a, b, is chosen to coincide, when the barrel 11 bears with the pull button 65, at a transverse plane of the spindle 6 having intersections between the right and left-hand propellers 61. Thus, , in the positions illustrated by r Figures 3B and 4B and in which the pin 6 is in the starting position, the balls link 117a, b are located at the intersections of the right and left-hand propellers 61, a particular position in which the change of the direction of the transformation of movements of the transformation device 200 is possible. Indeed, starting from this particular position, the connecting balls 117a, b can be oriented to circulate either towards the helix on the right 61, or on the left helix 62, whence a direction of transformation of movements. different in this orientation. After displacement of the spindle 6 with respect to the barrel 11, the connecting balls 117a, b are therefore either in the right-hand helix 61 or in the left-hand helix 62, until the next intersection of the right-hand propellers 61 and on the left 62, a new particular position in which the direction of motion transformation can be reversed again.

According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the barrel comprises a circular groove of small thickness provided opposite the connecting orifices. In this variant, the connecting ball, the groove and the connecting orifice are dimensioned so that the connecting ball is permanently forcibly engaged simultaneously in the groove and in the right / left propeller with respect to which the connection port is positioned.

According to another variant embodiment not shown, the connecting orifices are non-traversing and open the barrel only towards the inside of the latter. In this configuration, the connecting orifices may be provided in the middle portion or in the proximal lateral portion and the housing is free of continuous bonding surface.

According to yet another variant embodiment of the invention, the connecting orifices are inclined and not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis C. When the connecting orifices do not open towards the outside of the barrel, they can have different inclinations. When the orifices open towards the outside of the barrel and are closed by the connecting surface of the casing, the connecting orifices are preferably provided on a cone of revolution centered around the longitudinal axis C.

The barrel 11 also comprises, in its middle portion 115, a pair of guide holes on the right 118a, b (Cf. Figures 2 to 4B ) and a pair of left guide holes 119a, b (Cf. Figures 2 to 4B ), radial. The right-hand guide orifices 118a, 118b are arranged in a first transverse plane and the left-hand guide orifices 119a, b are arranged in a second transverse plane, offset with respect to the first transverse plane by a value different from the pitch of the propellers. on the right 61, on the left 62. Each guide orifice on the right 118a, b and on the left 119a, b passes through the wall of the barrel 11. The right-hand guide orifices 118a, b and the left-hand guide orifices 119a, b are arranged in such a way that, in the particular position of reversal of direction of motion transformation, each of the right-hand guide orifices 118a, b is opposite the right-hand helix 61 and that each of the guide orifices to left 119a, b is opposite the left-hand helix 62. The right-hand guide orifices 118a, b and to the left 119a, b are furthermore offset distally and angularly in the transverse plane relative to the connecting orifices 116d. in such a way that, in the particular position, when the connecting orifices 116 are opposite an intersection of the right and left-hand propellers 61 of the spindle 6, the guide orifices on the right 118a, b and on the left 119a, b are not facing such an intersection. The fact that the barrel 11 has pairs of guide holes to the right 118a, b and left 119a, b gives good robustness to the transformation device 200.

Each of the guide holes on the right 118a, b and on the left 119a, b respectively receives a guide ball on the right 128a, b (Cf. Figures 2 to 4B ), a guide ball on the left 129a, b (Cf. Figures 2 to 4B ) respectively defining the guide elements on the right and on the left. The diameter of each guide ball on the right 128a, b and on the left 129a, b is greater than the height respectively of the guide orifice on the right 118a, b and on the left 119a, b corresponding, so that it exceeds in continuously at least one side of the right-hand guide opening 118a, b and corresponding left-hand 119a, b. In this example, the right right first guide port 118a is longitudinally aligned with the first left guide port 119a. Similarly, the second right guide port 118b is aligned with the second left guide port 119b.

• dans une première position angulaire prédéterminée du carter 7 par rapport au barillet 11 les logements de guidage à droite 78a, b se trouvent en regard des orifices de guidage à droite 118a, b et les surface d'appui à gauche 76b se trouvent en regard des orifices de guidage gauche 119a, b et que
• dans une seconde position angulaire prédéterminée du carter 7 par rapport au barillet 11 les logements de guidage à gauche 79a, b se trouvent en regard des orifices de guidage à gauche 119a, b et les surface d'appui à droite 76a se trouvent en regard des orifices de guidage à droite 118a, b.

Each guide ball on the right 128a, b, on the left 129a, b is radially movable between a driving position in which it protrudes from the inner end of the guide orifice to the right 118a, b, to the left 119a, b corresponding, and a free position in which it protrudes from the outer end of the guide hole to the right 118a, b, to the left 119a, b. The casing 7 comprises right-hand guide housings 78a, b and to the left 79a, each able to receive the portion of the guide ball on the right 128a, b, to the left 129a, b which protrudes from the guide orifice to right 118a, b, left 119a, b when in its free position. The circular surfaces separating the right guide housing 78a, b and the surfaces separating the left guide housing 79a, b define right bearing surfaces 76a and 76b left (Cf. Figures 3A to 4B ) able to force the guide balls on the right 128a, b and left 129a, b in their driving position. The diameter of the balls of right-hand and left-hand guidance 129a, b is less than the distance between the outer end of said right-hand guide orifice 118a, b, left 119a, b respectively of the right-hand helix 61 bottom, corresponding left-hand 62 and less than the distance separating the inner end of the guide hole to the right 118a, b, to the left 119a, b of the bottom of the guide housing to the right 78a, b and to the left 79a, b corresponding. Thus, in its driving position, each guide ball on the right 128a, b, on the left 129a, b is forcedly engaged in the right helix 61 and on the left 62 corresponding and not engaged in the casing 7. From moreover, in its free position, each guide ball on the right 128a, b, on the left 129a, b is free to disengage itself from the propeller to the right 61 and to the left 62 and to be housed in the guide housing on the right 78 and to the left 79 corresponding to the casing 7. The right-hand guide housings 78a, b and to the left 79a, b and the right-hand bearing surfaces 76a and to the left 76b are arranged so that:

• in a first predetermined angular position of the casing 7 with respect to the barrel 11, the right-hand guide housings 78a, b are opposite the right-hand guide orifices 118a, b and the left-hand bearing surfaces 76b are opposite the left guide holes 119a, b and that
• in a second predetermined angular position of the casing 7 with respect to the barrel 11, the left-hand guide housings 79a, b are opposite the left-hand guide orifices 119a, b and the right-hand bearing surfaces 76a are opposite the guide holes on the right 118a, b.

In a variant embodiment, not shown, the barrel comprises a single guide orifice on the right, a single guide ball on the right, a single support surface on the right, a single guide housing on the right and a single guide orifice on the right. left, a single guide ball to left, a single support surface on the left, a single guide housing on the left.

In the example illustrated, the right-hand guide holes 118a, b and to the left 119a, b and the connecting orifices 116a, b have substantially similar diameters, the connecting balls 117a, b and the right-hand guide balls 128a. , b, and left 129a, b are substantially similar.

The casing 7 is formed by two half-shells 70a, 70b (Cf. Figures 1A to 2 ) sheet, assembled together around the barrel 11 by securing means. With reference to figures 2 , 5A , 5B , 6A and 6B each half-shell 70a, 70b is extended laterally by two lateral wings 72a, 72b (Cf. figure 2 ), a fastening flange 72a provided with two orifices 73a able to receive the passage of rivets 74a blocking the half-shells 70a, 70b with respect to each other and a coupling flange 72b provided with two orifices 73b suitable for receiving the spacer ends 74b provided between the coupling wings 72b so as to preserve a free space between them, this free space delimiting a chamber 71a. These spacers 74b are in the form of cylindrical pins whose ends have a diameter smaller than that of their central portion to allow the passage of these ends in the orifices 73b and the support of the coupling wings on the shoulder of spacer formed by this difference in diameters. The fixing flanges 72a, coupling wing 72b, orifices 73a, b rivets 74a and spacers 74 define securing means.

As further described, the chamber 71a thus formed by the attachment and coupling wings 72a 72b is able to receive part of the locking means. One of the attachment wings 72a is extended towards the other fixing wing 72a by two flaps 72c (Cf. figure 2 ), aligned between them and separated by a central interval. Thus, when the half-shells 70a, 70b are assembled, the flaps 72c close laterally, in part, the chamber 71a while preserving a central opening 71b. This central opening 71b forms part of the locking means. The opposite ends of the flaps 72c are also extended radially towards the axis of the spindle 6 by complementary flaps contributing to closing the chamber 71a. Each half-shell 70a, 70b comprises dish-shaped deformations directed towards the outside of the barrel 11 and defining the right-hand guide housings 78a, b and to the left 79a, b. These deformations are separated by curvature surfaces similar to that of the barrel 11 defining the bearing surfaces on the right 76a and left 76b.

The barrel 11, guided by the medial shoulders 115a of the casing 7, can be moved angularly between two positions: an upright position and a left position.

In the upright position, on the one hand, the right-hand guide orifices 118a, b are opposite the right-hand bearing surfaces 76a, the right-hand guide balls 128a, b are in their driving position, engaged from in the right-hand propellers 61 and, on the other hand, the left-hand guide orifices 119a, b are opposite to the left guide housings 79a, b, the left-hand guide balls 129a, b are in their free position. in which they can disengage the left propellers 62 to be housed in the left guide housing 79a, b, and thus allow the rotation of the barrel 11 and the casing 7 in a first direction of rotation.

In the left position, on the one hand, the left guide holes 119a, b are opposite the left bearing surfaces 76b, the left guide balls 129a, b are in their driving position, engaged from force in the left-hand propellers 62 and, on the other hand, the right-hand guide orifices 118a, b are opposite right-hand guide housings 78a, b, the right-hand guide balls 128a, b are in their free position in which they can be released propellers on the right 61 to be housed in the right guide housing 78a, b and thus allow the rotation of the barrel 11 and the casing 7 in a second direction of rotation, opposite the first direction of rotation.

The transformation device 200 according to the invention also comprises locking means tending to maintain the casing 7 and the barrel 11 in one of the right or left positions. To do this, the barrel 11 also comprises, in its middle portion, a blocking orifice 120 (Cf. Figures 3B and 4B ) facing outwardly of the barrel 11 and provided in a transverse plane located between the transverse planes having the right-hand guide orifices 118a, b, to the left 119a, b and the connecting orifices 116a, b. In this example, the blocking orifice 120 has a diameter smaller than that of the right-hand guide holes 118a, b, to the left 119a, b and the connecting orifices 116a, b. The blocking orifice 120 is provided without passing through the barrel 11 and has a blocking ball 122 of a diameter smaller than the height of the blocking orifice 120 and defining a blocking element. Thus, the locking ball 122 can be retracted into the locking hole 120 so as not to exceed. The locking ball 22 is urged towards the outside of the barrel 11 by a compression spring 121. The casing 7 comprises, in the same plane as the locking orifice 22, two locking housings 123a, b angularly offset relative to each other, provided inside the casing 7 and facing outwards. of the casing 7. These locking housings 123a, b are provided through and in a plane substantially coincident with that comprising the blocking orifice 120. The positions of the locking housings 123a, b are provided in such a way that, in the right-hand position, the blocking orifice 120 faces a first blocking housing 123a and that in the position to the left, the blocking orifice 120 is opposite the second blocking housing 123b. In each of these positions to the right and to the left, the locking ball 122, pushed by the locking spring 21, is able to be housed partly in the locking housing 123a, b corresponding to tend to block the relative position between the casing 7 and barrel 11 in one of the positions to the right or left. Thus, the passage between the right and left positions is possible only after application of a predetermined force, greater than that exerted by the locking spring 21 on the locking ball 22. The locking housing 123a, b define the first stops of the locking means. The locking ball 122 and the blocking orifice 120, to which it is coupled, define the second stop of the same locking means. In the illustrated example, the blocking orifice 120 is aligned longitudinally with the connection port 116. They may also not be aligned. Likewise, in this example, the locking housings 123a, b are substantially longitudinally aligned with the guide housings 78a, b. They may also not be aligned.

To move the barrel 11 with respect to the casing 7, between its position on the right and its position on the left and vice versa, the user pivots the barrel 11 by means of the wheel 113 respectively to the left and then to the right then again towards the right and finally to the left. The rotational force to be applied by the user on the barrel 11 is necessarily greater than that applied by the locking spring 121. This movement being a rotational movement on a limited angle, it can easily be performed by a finger of the user whose rest of the hand holds the reversible braking clamp 1.

In this example, the blocking orifice 120 is provided in a transverse plane. According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the locking orifice may be provided inclined, the locking housing is then also provided inclined, in its extension. According to another embodiment not shown, the locking orifice is provided on the housing and the locking housing is provided on the barrel. Similarly, the elastic return means may comprise an elastically deformable pad, an elastic strip or any other similar element. The locking ball and the compression spring can finally be replaced by a single elastically deformable piece.

According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the block tending to maintain the housing 7 and the barrel 11 in one of the right or left positions is obtained by the cooperation of the latch 16 elastically deformable, whose distal end is secured to the button. locking 150, and recesses arranged on the barrel 11.

The locking means of the clamping device comprise a hook 30, integral with one of the handles 3, and provided opposite the central opening 71b of the casing 7 so that, when the handles 3 are in the closed position, the hook 30 can be engaged in the central opening 71b. The locking means also comprise an actuating tube 15 surrounding the pin 6, the main spring 10 and the secondary spring 14. The actuating tube 15 is movable in longitudinal translation relative to the pin 6 between an unlocked position in which it allows the opening of the handles 3 and a locked position in which it prevents the opening of the handles 3. The distal end of the actuating tube 15 is provided with a user-operable lock button 150 for moving the actuating tube 15. The proximal end of the actuating tube 15 is provided with an actuating bore 151 in which the distal end of the spring secondary 14 is housed. This distal end is able to move in the secondary bore 112 of the barrel 11 until it is in abutment, in the locked position, on the secondary shoulder 112a, the secondary spring 14 then being compressed and tending to push back the barrel. actuation distally to its unlocked position. The actuating tube 15 is coupled to a latch 16, elastically deformable, the distal end of which is integral with the locking knob 150. The proximal end of the latch 16 has a half-slot shape with a hooking flange 160 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis C and offset from the rest of the latch 16. The proximal end of the latch 16 is housed in the chamber 71a so that the attachment wing 160 is able to engage behind the hook 30, when the handles 3 are in their closed position and the user moves proximally the actuating tube 15. In this closed position of the handles, when the attachment wing 160 is engaged behind the hook 30, the user can release the handles 3 which are held in their closed position and locked by the hooking flange 160. For this purpose, the secondary spring 14 and the spring blade 5 are chosen so that the force exerted by the spring blade 5 and tending to separate the handles 3 is greater than the force exerted by the secondary spring 14 to return the actuating tube 15 in its unlocked position. To unlock the opening of the reversible braking clamp 1, the user exerts a clamping pressure on the handles 3. The hook 30 is then moved towards the longitudinal axis C of the pin 6, releasing the wing 160. The latch 16 and the actuating tube 15 are pushed to their unlocked position by the secondary spring 14. The hook 30 is then free to leave the chamber 71a. When the user releases the clamping pressure he exerted on the handles 3, the spring blade 5 opens the handles 3 about 15 °. The reversible brake clamp 1 can then be opened more fully. The gestures required by the locking and unlocking operations can be performed with one hand by the user. The maneuverability of the reversible braking clamp 1 according to the invention is thus very good.

The mode of use of the reversible braking clamp 1 according to the invention is described below.

At first, the reversible braking clamp 1 being in the open position, the user grasps it and, by means of the handles 3, closes the clamping jaws 2 on metal wires to be twisted (not shown). Once the handles 3 closed the user moves proximally the actuating tube 15 by means of the locking button 150 until the proximal end of the actuating tube 15 abuts against the secondary shoulder 112a of the barrel 11 and that the secondary spring 14 is compressed. The user then releases the clamping pressure applied to the handles 3. The handles 3 are biased to their open position by the spring blade 5. The hooking wing 160 is then wedged behind the hook 30 and the actuating tube 15 can be released. The reversible braking clamp 1 is in its closed and locked position, the wires being firmly held between the jaws 3.

The reversible braking clamp 1 is in a particular position called change of direction in which the connecting balls 117a, b are located at an intersection between the right and left propellers 61 and 62, the balls of right guidance 128a, b opposite a left helix 61, the left guide balls 129a, b opposite a left helix 62 and the barrel 11 may be angularly oriented to the right or left. In the case of Figures 3A and 3B the barrel 11 has been oriented to the right and is in its left position in which the left bearing surfaces 76b are opposite the left guide holes 119a, b and the right guide housings 78a, b are lie opposite guide holes on the right 118a, b.

In a second step, the user pulls proximally on the pull button 65 which drives the pin 6 in translation. The left guide balls 129a, b are forced into the left-hand propellers 62, the right-hand guide balls 128a, b retract into the right-hand guide housings 78a, b along the transverse profile of the propeller to the right. right 61 and the barrel 11 is driven in a rotational movement to the left, the son are twisted to the left. At the same time, the connecting balls 117a, b circulate in the propellers on the left 62 to ensure good guidance.

In a third step, to change direction, the user takes advantage of a new particular position in which the connecting balls 117a, b are located at an intersection between the propellers on the right 61 and left 62, the guide balls to 128a right, b opposite a left propeller 61, the left guide balls 129a, b opposite a left propeller 62 to guide the barrel 11 to the left, to its right position in which the surfaces on the right side 76a are opposite the right guide holes 118a, b and the left guide seats 79a, b are opposite the left guide holes 119a, b.

In a fourth step, the user draws proximally on the pull button 65 which drives the spindle 6 in translation. The guide balls on the right 128a, b are forced into the right-hand propellers 61, the left-hand guide balls 129a, b retract into the left guide housings 79a, b along the transverse profile of the propeller to the left. left 62 and the barrel 11 is driven in a rotational movement to the right, the metal son are twisted to the right. At the same time, the connecting balls 117a, b circulate in the right-hand propellers 61 to ensure good guidance.

In a fourth step, the user can take advantage of a new particular position to change direction and repeat the operations of the second, third and fourth times, for example until pin 6 is at the end of the race, for example after a stroke of about 80 mm.

Finally, the user unlocks the reversible braking clip 1 to release the twisted metal son by exerting an additional clamping pressure on the handles 3. The hook 30 is then moved towards the longitudinal axis C of the pin 6, releasing the Hanging wing 160. The reversible braking clamp 1 is then in its unlocked closed position. The secondary spring 14 distally moves the latch 16 and the actuating tube 15. The hook 30 is then free to leave the chamber 71a. The user releases the clamping pressure and the handles 3 open. The reversible braking clamp 1 is then in its open position. When the pin 6 is released, it is automatically reset in its undrawn position by the main spring 10 which moves it distally to its starting position. Twisted wires are free. The reversible brake clamp 1 can then be used to twist other wires.

In the example shown, the connecting housings are provided towards the proximal end of the spindle, followed by moving towards the distal end of the spindle, through the blocking hole and then through the right / left ports and finally through the left / right ports. This arrangement can of course be different and, in a variant embodiment not shown, it can thus be provided that the right / left ports are located towards the proximal end of the spindle, followed by moving towards the distal end of the spindle. pin, the blocking hole and the connecting hole or vice versa.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the housing and barrel comprise differences in additional diameters and a constant or variable thickness along their length.

In another variant embodiment not shown, each connecting ball, right and left and blocking is replaced by a connecting element, guiding right and left and different locking, for example a cylindrical pin or any other suitable element .

Finally, with reference to Figures 8 to 10 , reversible braking 1 allows to twist metal son and seal them with a seal, but also to cut the excess son after sealing. For this purpose, said reversible braking clamp 1 advantageously comprises, on each of its clamping jaws 2, a cutting portion 12 disposed near the pivot axis 4 of the clamping jaw 2 and handle 3 assemblies, said two cutting portions 12 being arranged vis-à-vis and able to cut a wire or the like.

However, in order to meet the expectations of certain customers and / or the requirements of certain markets such as, for example, civil or military aviation, the reversible brake clip 1 must comply with the FOD (Foreign Object Debris) standard. , Debris and Foreign Corps in French)? For this, the reversible braking forceps 1 advantageously comprises a device 400 for recovering falls of threads or the like.

This recovery device 400 comprises a jaw 401 disposed on each of two clamping jaws 2, said two jaws 401 being arranged vis-à-vis to the right of the two cutting parts 12 and able to move substantially perpendicular to the cutting plane P of said cutting parts 12. Said jaws 401 are associated with pressure means 402 exerting a force tending to keep the two jaws 401 in contact with each other when the clamping jaws 2 are in the closed position, the pressure means 402 being preferably helical springs.

Thus, with such a configuration, when one has finished cutting the wire with the reversible braking clamp 1, the recovery device 400 the drop of wire as the clamping jaws 2 of said clamp 1 remain in the closed position. On the other hand, as soon as the clamping jaws 2 of the reversible braking clamp 1 open, the drop of thread falls. It is understood that this recovery device 400 prevents unwanted debris fall.

With reference to the figure 11 , each jaw assembly 401 and pressure means 402 is replaced by one and the same piece, namely a deformable jaw 403 secured to the associated pressure jaw 2. Said deformable jaw 403 is advantageously a C-shaped metal blade configured to deform so as to exert a force tending to keep the two deformable jaws 403 in contact with each other when the clamping jaws 2 are in position. closed.

Description of the embodiments

According to another embodiment not shown, the outer surface of the barrel and the inner surface of the housing are tapered.

According to yet another embodiment not shown, the housing and the barrel comprise guide means allowing only longitudinal mobility between them to move from the right position to the left position. These guide means are for example formed of a groove provided on the barrel or on the casing in which a guide finger is provided respectively provided on the casing or on the barrel. In this embodiment the right-hand guide housing and the right-hand bearing surface are offset and aligned longitudinally. They are no longer angularly offset in a transverse plane as previously described. The same is true for the left-hand guide housing and the left-hand support surface. In addition, the right and left locking housings are offset between them and aligned longitudinally. Finally, the connecting surfaces are sufficiently long to close the connection orifice in each of the positions on the right and left.

Finally, according to a last other embodiment shown on the Figures 7A and 7B , the clamp 1 comprises a reversible transformation device 300 movements which comprises a cylinder 211 similar to barrel 11 previously described.

However, this barrel 211 comprises, in its middle portion 215, two pairs of guide holes on the right 218a and two pairs of guide holes on the left 219a, radial. Each pair of right guide holes 218a is disposed in a first and a second transverse plane, respectively. Each pair of left guide holes 219a are respectively disposed in a third and a fourth transverse plane, the latter being offset with respect to said first and second transverse planes with a value different from the pitch of the propellers on the right 61, on the left. Each guide orifice on the right 218a and on the left 219a through the barrel wall 211. The right-hand guide orifices 218a and the left-hand guide orifices 219a are similar to the right-hand guide orifices 118a, b and to the left 119a, b previously described, and are arranged in such a way that in the particular position of reversal of the direction of motion transformation, each of the right-hand guide orifices 218a is opposite the right-hand propeller 61 and each of the left-hand guide orifices 219a is opposite the left-hand helix 62. The right-hand 218a and left 219a guide orifices are also offset distally and angularly in the transverse plane relative to the connecting orifices 216 so that, in the particular position, when the orifices of FIG. link 216 are opposite an intersection of the right and left-hand propellers 61 of the spindle 6, the guide orifices 218a on the left and 219a on the left are not opposite such intersecti we.

As previously described, each of the right and right-hand guide orifices 218a 219a respectively receives a right-hand guide ball 228a and a left-hand guide ball 229a respectively defining the right-hand and left-hand guide elements. These guiding balls on the right 228a and on the left 229a are similar to the guide balls on the right 118a, b and on the left 119a, b previously described and have in particular the same dimensions, mobility and positioning characteristics.

Likewise, the casing 207 comprises two pairs of guiding housings on the right and two pairs of guiding housings on the left (not shown in the figures) each adapted to receive respectively the portion of the guiding ball on the right 228a and on the left 229a. which protrudes from the right guide hole 218a to the left 219a when in its free position.

This embodiment is particularly advantageous, because the barrel 211 has two pairs of right-hand guide holes 218a and two pairs of left-hand guide holes 219a associated with a right-hand guide ball 228a or a left-hand ball 229a further strengthens the processing device 300 and also improves the smoothness of the movement and better guide the pin 6 during its rotational movement. Indeed, it is clear that with two pairs of guide holes on the right 218a or left 219a, there is always at least one right guide ball 228a or left 229a out of an intersection of the right propellers 61 and on the left 62 of the spindle 6. This configuration makes it possible to avoid any effect of snapping on the movement of and to spindle 6.

Possibilities of industrial application

The reversible braking clamp according to the invention comprising a movement transformation device is used to seal certain equipment after verification and / or adjustment and thus testify the integrity of the equipment and its adjustment. However, this clamp may also be used to maintain elements in position relative to each other.

It is understood that the examples described are only particular illustrations and in no way limiting of the invention and its fields of application. Those skilled in the art may provide arrangements of size, shape, layout and material to the particular embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (20)

1. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) comprising a pinching device (100) provided with clamping jaws (2) movable between an open position and a closed position wherein they are forced towards one another, a reversible movement transformation device (200) comprising at least one casing (7) and a pin (6) having a longitudinal axis C of revolution and being movable in translation with respect to said pinching device (100), said pinching device (100) being coupled by means of anchoring, at least in closed position, to said transformation device (200) so that the translation of said pin (6) is transformed, by said transformation device (200), in rotation of said pinching device (100), said pin (6) being provided with at least one recessed right-hand helix (61) and one left-hand helix (62) and of similar pitches, said casing (7) and said pin (6) being carried out by means of coupling comprising at least one separate right-hand guiding element (128a, b) and one left-hand guiding element (129a, b), each radially movable between a drive position wherein said casing (7) is forcefully coupled respectively to said right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helix, and a free position wherein said casing (7) is free with respect to said right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helix, said casing (7) being movable with respect to said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements in order to allow for the inversion in the direction of the transformation of movements, between:

   - a right-hand position wherein said right-hand guiding element (128a, b) is forced in its drive position and said left-hand guiding element (129a, b) is in its free position, and

   - a left-hand position wherein said right-hand guiding element (128a, b) is in its free position and said left-hand guiding element (129a, b) is forced in its drive position, said pliers being characterised in that said means of coupling comprise a single-piece drum (11), concentric with said pin (6), arranged between said casing (7) and said pin (6), radially passed through by at least one guiding orifice (118a, b, 119a, b) able to constantly receive at least one first portion of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements, said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements being movable in said guiding orifice (118a, b, 119a, b) in such a way that a second portion of each right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element is forcefully and directly engaged in said right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helix, in said drive position of each one of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements.
2. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements are angularly fixed with respect to said longitudinal axis C of said pin (6).
3. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said casing (7) comprises at least one guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b) and one bearing surface (76a, b), said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b) being able to be in the alignment of the displacement of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element in its free position and to receive a third portion respectively of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element, said bearing surface (76a, b) being simultaneously able to be in the alignment of the displacement of said left-hand (129a, b), right-hand (128a, b) guiding element in its drive position and to maintain said second portion of said left-hand (129a, b), right-hand (128a, b) guiding element forcefully and directly engaged respectively in said left-hand (62), right-hand (61) helix.
4. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b) is able to receive said third portion of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element, in its free position, without any portion of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element being engaged in said corresponding right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helix, in that said right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helixes, are able to receive said second portion of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element, in its drive position without any portion of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding element, being engaged in said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b), so that said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements, can exceed, in each position, only one end of said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b).
5. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that the height of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements, is greater than the thickness of the wall of said drum (11) on said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b) so that said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements, constantly exceeding at least one end of said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b).
6. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that said means of coupling are arranged so that, in said right-hand position:

   - said guiding housing (78a, b) is not in the alignment of the displacement of said right-hand guiding element (128a, b), and said bearing surface (76a) is in the alignment of the displacement of said right-hand guiding element (128a, b),

   - said guiding housing (79a, b) is in the alignment of the displacement of said left-hand guiding element (129a, b), and said bearing surface (76b) is not in the alignment of the displacement of said left-hand guiding element (129a, b),

   and that, in said left-hand position:

   - said guiding housing (78a, b) is in the alignment of the displacement of said right-hand guiding element (128a, b), and said bearing surface (76a) is not in the alignment of the displacement of said right-hand guiding element (128a, b),

   - said guiding housing (79a, b) is not in the alignment of the displacement of said left-hand guiding element (129a, b) and said bearing surface (76b) is in the alignment of the displacement of said left-hand guiding element (129a, b).
7. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that said drum (11) comprises at least one connecting element (117a, b) arranged to be forcefully and constantly engaged in one of said right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helixes, according to the helix (61, 62) across from which it is located.
8. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that said connecting element (117a, b) is offset angularly in a transversal plane, and/or longitudinally with respect to said guiding orifice in such a way that, when said connecting element (117a, b) is at a first intersection of said right-hand (61) and left-hand (62) helixes, none of said right-hand (128a, b), left-hand (129a, b) guiding elements are located at a second intersection of said right-hand (61), left-hand (62) helixes.
9. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that said drum (11) comprises a radial connecting orifice (116a, b), opening at least towards the inside of said drum (11), constantly closed off towards the outside of said drum (11) and receiving said connecting element (117a, b).
10. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 9, characterised in that said connecting orifice (116a, b) passes through said drum (11), in that said casing (7) is provided, across from said through connecting orifice (116a, b), with a continuous connecting surface (77) closing off said connecting orifice (116a, b).
11. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that said means of coupling comprise means for blocking (120, 121, 122, 123a, b) arranged to tend to maintain said casing (7) and said drum (11) in each one of said right-hand and left-hand positions.
12. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 11, characterised in that said means of blocking (120, 121, 122, 123a, b) comprise at least two first abutments (123a, b) provided on one of said drum (11), casing (7), and offset between them angularly or longitudinally, a second abutment (120) coupled respectively to said casing (7), drum (11), and able to cooperate successively with one of said first abutments (123a, b) and urged respectively towards said drum (11), casing (7), by means of elastic return (121) arranged so that the passage between said right-hand and left-hand positions is possible only after application of a predetermined force that is greater than that exerted by said means of elastic return (121).
13. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that said means of coupling comprise means of guiding (115a) that authorise only one of the following relative mobilities: angular mobility in a transversal plane or longitudinal mobility, of said casing (7) and of said drum (11) between said right-hand and left-hand positions.
14. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that said casing (7) is formed from sheet metal comprising at least one bowl-shaped deformation, oriented towards the outside and defining said guiding housing (78a, b, 79a, b) and an inside surface having a generator substantially similar to the exterior generator of said drum (11) and defining said bearing surface (76a, 76b).
15. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that said drum (11) comprises at least one right-hand guiding orifice (118a, b) able to constantly receive at least one portion of said right-hand guiding element (128a, b) and a left-hand guiding orifice (119a, b) able to constantly receive at least one portion of said left-hand guiding element (129a, b).
16. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that said casing (7) comprises at least one right-hand guiding housing (78a, b) able to receive the third portion of said right-hand guiding element (128a, b) in its drive position, a left-hand guiding housing (79a, b) able to receive the third portion of said left-hand guiding element (129a, b) in its drive position, a right-hand bearing surface (76a) able to maintain said right-hand guiding element (128a, b) in its drive position and a left-hand bearing surface (76b) able to maintain said left-hand guiding element (129a, b) in its drive position.
17. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claims 3, 12, 13, 15 and 16, characterised in that said means for guiding (115a) are arranged to allow only the angular mobility in a transversal plane of said casing (7) with respect to said drum (11) between said right-hand and left-hand positions, in that said right-hand guiding orifice (118a, b), said right-hand bearing surface (76a) and said right-hand guiding housing (78a, b) are arranged on the same right-hand cone of revolution, in that said left-hand guiding orifice (119a, b), said left-hand bearing surface (76b) and said left-hand guiding housing (129a, b) are arranged in the same left-hand cone of revolution, in that said first abutments (123a, b), said second abutment (120) and said blocking orifice (120) are arranged in the same abutment cone of revolution, in that said first abutments (123a, b) are offset one from the other angularly on said cone of revolution of abutments.
18. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to any of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that it comprises, on the one hand, a sharp portion (12) on each one of its clamping jaws (2), said two sharp portions (12) being arranged facing and able to cut a wire or similar and, on the other hand, a device for recovering (400) scraps of wire or similar.
19. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 18, characterised in that the device for recovering (400) comprises, on the one hand, a bit (401) arranged on each one of two clamping jaws (2), said two bits (401) being arranged facing at a right angle to two sharp portions (12) and able to be displaced substantially perpendicularly to the cutting plane P of said sharp portions (12) and, on the other hand, means of pressure (402) associated with said bits (401) and exerting a force that tends to maintain the two bits (401) in contact with one another when the clamping jaws (2) are in closed position.
20. Reversible wire twisting pliers (1) according to claim 19, characterised in that the device for recovering (400) comprises a deformable bit (403) integral with each pressure jaw (2), said deformable bit (403) being configured to be deformed in such a way as to exert a force that tends to maintain the two deformable bits (403) in contact with one another when the clamping jaws (2) are in closed position.

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