EP3007012B1 - Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe - Google Patents

Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3007012B1
EP3007012B1 EP14187982.5A EP14187982A EP3007012B1 EP 3007012 B1 EP3007012 B1 EP 3007012B1 EP 14187982 A EP14187982 A EP 14187982A EP 3007012 B1 EP3007012 B1 EP 3007012B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sunrise
timepiece
circle
indicator means
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14187982.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3007012A1 (en
Inventor
Beat Gilomen
Michel Willemin
Dominique Léchot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP14187982.5A priority Critical patent/EP3007012B1/en
Priority to US14/862,382 priority patent/US9335739B2/en
Priority to CN201510640276.0A priority patent/CN105487369B/en
Priority to RU2015142481A priority patent/RU2015142481A/en
Priority to JP2015198318A priority patent/JP6067814B2/en
Publication of EP3007012A1 publication Critical patent/EP3007012A1/en
Priority to HK16107512.6A priority patent/HK1219544A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3007012B1 publication Critical patent/EP3007012B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/226—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces three-dimensionally shaped, e.g. terrestrial globes, cylinders and the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • G04B19/262—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like with indicators for astrological informations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timepiece comprising a watch movement and means for indicating the sunrise and sunset taking into account seasonal variations, said means comprising a sphere reproducing the globe, a support, and a circle mounted on the support and arranged concentrically with the sphere, the circle being arranged to indicate the position of the terrestrial terminator, the circle and the sphere being arranged to be able to pivot relative to one another along two perpendicular axes, a first of the two axes corresponding to the polar axis of the terrestrial globe, and the second axis intersecting the first axis in the center of the sphere, the circle being free to pivot relative to the support around the second axis, the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset further comprising an annual cam having a profile representative of the inclination of the Sun relative to the equatorial plane and arranged to be driven in rotation by the movement at a rate of one revolution per year, a cam follower arranged to cooperate with the cam, and a kinematic link arranged to
  • the duration of the day is the time included, each day between the moment when the upper limb of the Sun appears to the east above the horizon, at sunrise, until its disappearance to the west below the horizon, at sunset. Whatever the time, there is always half of the surface of the globe which is illuminated by the Sun, and another half which is in the shadow.
  • the term terrestrial terminator is the line of demarcation between the part of the Earth which is illuminated and that which is in the shadow.
  • the terrestrial terminator is a large circle that surrounds the globe. This large circle extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun (called the plane of the ecliptic). We can still note that the center of the Earth is on the line of intersection between these two planes.
  • the length of the day varies throughout the year and depends on the latitude. This variation is caused by the inclination of the axis of rotation of the Earth on itself with respect to the plane of the ecliptic. This inclination corresponds by definition to the latitude of the tropics which is ⁇ 23 ° 27 '.
  • the duration of the day is shortest during the December solstice in the northern hemisphere, and June in the southern hemisphere. At the equinoxes, the duration of the day is equal to that of the night on the whole Earth.
  • the upper face of the support has an annular dial arranged concentrically to the axis of the sphere and showing a 24 hour turn.
  • a watch movement housed in the holder is intended to rotate the globe over the dial at the rate of one turn per 24 hours.
  • This clock of The known table still has a hemispherical shell slightly larger than the terrestrial globe and mounted concentrically to the latter so as to surround it and reveal only half of it.
  • the hemispherical hull is intended to allow to distinguish, on the terrestrial globe, a half-sphere lit by sun of another which is in the shade.
  • the hemispherical hull is further articulated on two vertical uprights on both sides of the Earth. It can thus pivot about a horizontal axis that crosses the vertical axis that carries the globe in the center of the latter.
  • the hull is further provided with a rack arranged to cooperate with a pinion forming part of a mechanism designed to control the angle of inclination of the hull so as to traverse at this angle, once a year in one direction then in the other, the entire range between values - and + 23.5 °, to reproduce the effect of the variation of the sun's inclination over the equator according to the seasons.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a timepiece to reproduce the succession of days and nights on the Earth according to a geocentric point of view. It achieves this goal by providing a timepiece according to the appended claim 1.
  • the circle representing the terrestrial terminator rotates with its support at the rate of one revolution per 24 hours around the polar axis of the terrestrial globe.
  • the circle is pivotally mounted on the rotating support, so that it can also change inclination relative to the polar axis.
  • the angle of inclination of the circle is controlled by a drive shaft arranged concentrically with the rotating support.
  • the drive shaft is actuated by the motion to rotate at the same speed as the carrier, but with a certain phase shift. It is the value of the phase shift which determines the inclination of the circle with respect to the polar axis.
  • the expression "circle” does not necessarily mean a completely complete circle. It may just as well be a circle that has at least one cut.
  • the axis around which the circle is pivotally mounted perpendicularly cuts the polar axis of the earth.
  • the terrestrial globe is mounted on a rod which extends concentrically to the polar axis. Under these conditions, it is necessary that the circle has at least one interruption to allow the rod and the circle to cross when the inclination of the circle relative to the polar axis goes through zero.
  • the rod which carries the sphere is a through rod pivoted by its two ends. As will be seen further, the circle must then have two cuts disposed opposite one another, on the same diameter perpendicular to the pivot axis of the circle.
  • an intermittent kinematic connection between the annual cam and the transmission shaft makes it possible to readjust periodically the phase difference between the shaft and the rotating support.
  • the invention states that readjustment of the phase shift takes place only when the rotating support is in angular positions predetermined, very precise. Under these conditions, the position of the support at the time of readjustment being known, the phase shift is therefore entirely determined by the angular position of the transmission shaft. It is therefore possible to readjust the phase shift by simply adjusting the angular position of the transmission shaft.
  • the readjustment of the angular position of the transmission shaft is made possible by the establishment of a transient coupling between the shaft and the cam follower.
  • the kinematic connection between the cam follower and the transmission shaft passes through a disengaging mechanism which is arranged to perform the transient coupling between the shaft and the cam follower and for, concomitantly, disengage the transmission shaft of the movement.
  • the timepiece is a watch that includes a dial, the polar axis XX being oriented parallel to the plane of the dial.
  • This characteristic is original. Indeed, known timepieces that include means for indicating the sunrise and sunset taking into account seasonal variations, are generally table clocks. In these clocks, the polar axis XX is normally arranged vertically. Although this arrangement is satisfactory with a table clock, it is not very suitable for a timepiece such as a watch in which the display is visible only on one side through the watch glass. Indeed, the sphere that reproduces the globe must be large enough to be easy to locate, at least approximately, anywhere on the planet. However, the small space between the dial and the glass requires that the globe used has a small footprint.
  • the only solution is to arrange in the dial a well-shaped opening to receive the sphere.
  • a such an arrangement limits the visibility, since the hemisphere at the bottom is then completely invisible to the wearer of the watch. This is the reason why, when the timepiece is a watch comprising a dial, the polar axis XX is preferably oriented parallel to the plane of the dial.
  • the watch shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises in particular a main dial designated by the general reference numeral 1.
  • the main dial carries three small dials (referenced 7, 9 and 15) to provide the wearer of the watch various information. This is firstly the time indicated by two needles 3 and 5, respectively minutes and hours, which are arranged to rotate conventionally next to the first small dial 7.
  • the illustrated watch also includes a calendar whose display uses the other two small dials 9, 15. This calendar will not be described in detail since it is not the subject of the invention. Suffice to say that the display of the date (from 1 to 31) (or date) is provided by a small needle 13 arranged to rotate above the small dial 15, and another small needle 11 is arranged to provide a indication of the month of the year in cooperation with the third small dial 9.
  • the watch shown also comprises means for indicating the sunrise and sunset of the Sun in different parts of the Earth while taking into account seasonal variations.
  • the watch of Figures 1 and 2 still has a sphere 17 which represents the terrestrial globe.
  • the sphere 17 is mounted on a through rod 19 which is arranged concentrically with the polar axis XX of the terrestrial globe.
  • the rod 19 is oriented parallel to the plane of the dial, and its two ends are engaged in two bearings (not referenced) that carries the frame so as to allow the sphere to rotate about the polar axis XX .
  • the polar axis XX of the globe is superimposed on the diameter 12 hours - 6 hours of the watch. Conventionally, the north pole of the globe is oriented upwards (in the direction of 12 hours).
  • the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset at different locations on the Earth further comprise a circle 23 mounted on a support 25 and arranged concentrically with the sphere 17.
  • the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset include, as a circle, a hull 27 of hemispherical shape which is arranged concentrically to the sphere 17 so as to mask half of the globe.
  • the hemispherical shell 27 has a substantially circular flange, and that this rim constitutes the circle 23 according to the invention. It is therefore the position of the circular rim of the shell 27 which indicates the position of the terrestrial terminator.
  • the shell 27 may for example be made of a translucent or transparent material which is preferably slightly tinted, so as to give the impression that the part of the globe covered by the shell is immersed in the night.
  • the shell could have the shape of a sphere formed by the meeting of two half-spheres having different hues, one being the day and the other at night. The half-sphere of the day would then preferably be more transparent than the other, so as to show the surface of the globe.
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 4 are more detailed views of the assembly formed by the sphere 17, the support 25 and the shell 27.
  • the three views 3A, 3B and 3C respectively show the shell and the support turned face, profile and three-quarter.
  • the figure 4 illustrates the same set in cross section and seen from the front as in the figure 3A .
  • the support 25 has the general shape of a fork with a short trunk which carries two branches 33a and 33b which extend symmetrically on either side of the sphere.
  • the support 25 has an axis of symmetry which coincides with the polar axis XX of the terrestrial globe.
  • the trunk of the support is constituted by a first barrel wheel (referenced 31) inside which a second barrel wheel 35 passes along with the rod 19.
  • the second wheel The barrel is interposed between the rod 19 and the first gun wheel 31.
  • it could be the first barrel wheel that would be placed inside the second barrel wheel.
  • the two gun wheels 31, 35 and the rod 19 are free to rotate independently of each other.
  • the shell 27 is pivotally mounted between the two branches 33a, 33b by means of two hinges referenced 37a and 37b and which are arranged coaxially in the extension of one another.
  • the shell can therefore pivot on the support 25 along an axis of rotation that passes through the two joints.
  • This pivot axis which crosses the polar axis XX in the center of the sphere 17, will be called hereinafter the ecliptic axis and referenced YY.
  • Each of the two joints 37a, 37b is constituted by a pivot carried by the rim of the shell 27 and which is inserted in a bearing fixed to the end of one of the branches 33a, 33b.
  • the pivots which are inserted in the two bearings occupy diametrically opposite positions on the large circle 23 constituted by the edge of the shell.
  • a chain 41 connects the second cannon wheel 35 to the hinge 37a. More specifically, the chain 41 is stretched between a circular groove that the gun wheel 35 and a pinion (referenced 39) that the hinge 37a.
  • the pinion 39 is fixed on the end of the pivot integral with the shell 27.
  • the cannon wheel 35 constitutes the drive shaft according to the invention, and that the circular groove, the chain 41 and the pinion 39 together form the transmission means arranged to connect the drive shaft to the circle 23. In accordance with the arrangement just described, any rotation of the cannon wheel 35 relative to the support 25 is transmitted to the pinion 39 by the chain 41.
  • any rotation of the barrel wheel 35 relative to the support 25 causes a corresponding pivoting of the shell 27 around the ecliptic axis YY.
  • the mechanism which has just been described makes it possible to completely traverse, in one direction and then in the other, the range of values between + and -23.5 °, at the angle of inclination of the hull. 27 with respect to polar axis XX.
  • the means of indicating the sunrise and sunset are capable of taking into account the effect of the variation of the inclination of the Sun over the equator according to the seasons. .
  • the rim 23 of the shell also has two notches 43a and 43b arranged in diametrically opposite positions, midway between the joints 37a and 37b. It will be understood that the function of the notches 43a and 43b is to allow the passage of the rod 19 when the shell 27 is inclined relative to the polar axis XX.
  • the support 25 is arranged to be driven by the movement so as to rotate at the rate of one revolution per 24 hours around the first axis X-X.
  • a drive shaft coaxial with the polar axis XX is arranged to be rotated by the movement via a disengaging mechanism at the same speed as the carrier 25, but with an angular offset by report to the support.
  • the drive shaft is constituted by the barrel wheel 35, and that the movement rotates the support 25 via the toothing of the barrel wheel 31.
  • FIG. 5A and 5B there can be seen an annual cam 56 associated with a cam follower 54.
  • the cam 56 is shaped in such a way that its profile is representative of the inclination of the sun relative to the equatorial terrestrial plane.
  • the cam 56 is arranged to be rotated by the movement at a rate of one revolution per year.
  • the cam follower 54 is arranged to cooperate with the cam.
  • the Figures 5A and 5B still show a disengaging mechanism generally referenced 50.
  • the disengaging mechanism 50 is arranged to perform a transient coupling between the drive shaft and the cam follower 54, so as to allow periodically readjust the angular offset between the drive shaft (referenced 35 on the figure 4 , not shown in Figures 5A and 5B ) and the support (referenced 25 on the figures 3 and 4 , not shown on the Figures 5A and 5B ).
  • the interval separating two successive transient couplings must correspond to an integer number of periods of revolution of an input mobile (referenced 70) of the clutch mechanism.
  • the cam follower 54 is constituted by a rake having a toothed sector 58 and a handle which ends with a feeler 52.
  • the rake is subjected to the return action of a spring (not shown) tending to apply the feeler 52 against the periphery of the annual cam 56.
  • the toothed sector of the rake is arranged to mesh with a toothed wheel 68 of the clutch mechanism 50. It will be understood that the angular position of the gear wheel 68 reflects that of the cam follower. It is therefore representative of the inclination of the sun with respect to the equatorial plane.
  • the disengaging mechanism 50 comprises a basic mobile comprising a wheel 70 secured to an axis 72 (visible on the Figure 5A ). It also comprises an output mobile formed of a gun wheel 74 and a toothed wheel 76 (shown only on the figure 6 ). The wheel 76 is mounted on the barrel of the barrel wheel 74. The latter is itself freely adjusted on the axis 72 of the base mobile so as to be free to rotate concentrically with the wheel 70.
  • a locking clip 61 surrounds the barrel wheel 74.
  • This clamp is articulated on a pivot 63 which is fixed in eccentric position on the board of the wheel 70 of the base mobile.
  • a double spring 65 recalls the jaws of the locking clamp against the outside of the gun wheel 74.
  • a small T-shaped lever 67 is pivoted at the base of the T on the board of the wheel 70. The small lever 67 is arranged so that a force exerted on a first end 78 of the T bar leads the other end to fit between the jaws of the clamp 61 and serve as a wedge to spread them. It will be understood that when the jaws of the locking clamp 61 are closed, the barrel wheel 74 is secured to the base mobile which then drives it in rotation.
  • the output mobile is secured to the base mobile as long as no force is exerted on the end 78 of the small control lever 67. It will therefore be understood that it is not possible to modify the phase difference between the wheel 70 of the basic mobile and the wheel 76 of the mobile of output, as long as the jaws of the clamp 61 are closed around the barrel wheel 74.
  • the disengaging mechanism 50 further comprises an assembly formed by a core 82 which is driven on the barrel of the barrel wheel 74 and a correction lever 84 whose end is biased against the periphery of the core by a spring 86.
  • a radially referenced arm 88 is attached to the gear wheel 68. The arm 88 first radially extends beyond the toothing of the wheel 70, to then curl upwards and terminate approximately 82. The end of the arm 88 forms a small off-center support 90, and it will be understood that the function of the toothed wheel 68 with its arm 88 is that of a pivoting frame.
  • the small support 90 serves both as an anchor point for the spring 86 and a pivot point for the correction lever 84. It is finally seen that the correction lever 84 carries at its end a roller and that this roller is pressed against the periphery of the core 82 by the spring 86.
  • the force exerted by the roller on the core comprises a tangential component which tends to return the core towards its angular position of stable equilibrium, or in other words, towards the position where the roll is in the tick of the heart.
  • the Figures 5A and 5B still show an instantaneous actuator (generally referenced 94).
  • the instantaneous actuator is controlled by the movement and arranged to actuate the clutch mechanism 50 by suddenly pushing the first end 78 of the T bar of the T-shaped small lever 67.
  • the instantaneous actuator 94 is already known as such. Indeed, the instantaneous actuator illustrated by the Figure 5A and 5B is described in the patent document EP 2,503,407 entitled "watch movement comprising an instantaneous actuator controlled by the movement". This prior document is incorporated by reference.
  • the instantaneous actuator 94 comprises a trailing wheel 96 driven in rotation about its axis by the movement. It will be understood that the rotational speed of the wheel 96 determines the frequency at which the instantaneous actuator actuates the disengaging mechanism.
  • An advantage of using an instantaneous actuator rather than a simple dragging wheel finger is that the instantaneous actuator accurately determines when the small lever 67 is pushed back and when it is released. . Indeed, the duration of the period during which the actuator pushes the T-shaped lever is not determined by the rotational speed of the trailing wheel, but by a double trigger much faster.
  • the basic mobile 70 fulfills the function of mobile entry of the clutch mechanism. It is driven by movement at the speed of one turn every 12 hours. As explained above, as long as no force is exerted on the control lever 67, the barrel wheel 74 and the core 72 are integrally connected to the wheel 70 of the base mobile. The basic mobile drives them in rotation at the rate of two revolutions per 24 hours. In accordance with what has been explained above, the instantaneous actuator 94 is arranged to press the end 78 of the small lever 67 once every 12 hours.
  • the interval between two actuations is not necessarily equal to the period of rotation of the mobile entry of the disengaging mechanism. Indeed, according to other embodiments, the interval between two actuations could correspond to any integer multiple of the period of revolution of the basic mobile.
  • the instantaneous actuator forces the jaws of the locking pliers 61 to open and release their pressure on the barrel wheel 74, so that the output wheel is briefly disengaged from the basic mobile.
  • the barrel wheel is then free to pivot under the action of the correction lever 84 and its spring 86.
  • the barrel wheel 74 then pivots until the roller of the correction lever comes to rest in the check mark. 82.
  • the angular position of the output mobile at the moment when the lever stops in the ticking of the heart depends on the angular position of the small off-center support 90 which carries the correction lever 84.
  • the small off-center support is fixed to the toothed wheel 68 and the latter meshes with the cam follower 54, the angular position of the core is ultimately determined by the angular position of the annual cam 56.
  • the instantaneous actuator stops pressing the control lever 67 and the jaws of the clamp 61 are closed on the gun wheel 74 fixing for the next 12 hours the phase difference between the mobile basic and mobile output.
  • the phase shift between the two mobiles at the instant when the clamp 61 closes on the barrel wheel 74 is determined, on the one hand, by the angular position of the annual cam 56, and secondly, by the angular position of the wheel 70 of the base mobile at this moment.
  • the angular position of the wheel 70 at the instant when the locking means are closed is therefore critical for the operation of the disengaging mechanism of the present invention. This is the reason why the interval between two releases of the disengaging mechanism must correspond to an integer multiple of the period of revolution of the basic mobile.
  • the output of the release mechanism 50 is arranged to drive the drive shaft via a gear train.
  • the movable output of the clutch mechanism is constituted by the barrel wheel 74 and the toothed wheel 76 which is mounted on the barrel of the barrel wheel, and that the second barrel wheel 35 constitutes the drive shaft according to the invention.
  • a train gear (not shown in the figures) is further provided for connecting the gear wheel 76 to the second wheel gun 35.
  • This gear train can be made in any manner known to those skilled in the art. It is worth noting, however, that gearwheel 76 normally performs one revolution in 12 hours, while second gearwheel 35 is arranged to accomplish one revolution in 24 hours.
  • the gear train must therefore be a reduction gear train with a gear ratio equal to 1/2.
  • the polar axis (XX) is oriented parallel to the dial.
  • the first and the second wheel 31, 35 are arranged in a supine position.
  • the second wheel 35 and the output wheel 76 of the disengaging mechanism are perpendicular. It is therefore possible to provide in the aforementioned gear train a bevel gear to allow the connection between the toothed wheel 76 and the second cannon wheel 35.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un mouvement horloger et des moyens d'indication du lever et du coucher du Soleil tenant compte des variations saisonnières, lesdits moyens comprenant une sphère reproduisant le globe terrestre, un support, et un cercle monté sur le support et arrangé concentriquement à la sphère, le cercle étant agencé pour indiquer la position du terminateur terrestre, le cercle et la sphère étant agencés pour pouvoir pivoter l'un par rapport à l'autre selon deux axes perpendiculaires, un premier des deux axes correspondant à l'axe polaire du globe terrestre, et le second axe croisant le premier axe au centre de la sphère, le cercle étant libre de pivoter relativement au support autour du second axe, les moyens d'indication du lever et du coucher du Soleil comprenant encore une came annuelle présentant un profil représentatif de l'inclinaison du Soleil par rapport au plan équatorial et agencée pour être entraînée en rotation par le mouvement à raison d'une révolution par année, un suiveur de came agencé pour coopérer avec la came, et une liaison cinématique agencée pour relier le suiveur de came au cercle de manière à ce que le plan sous-tendu par le cercle fasse avec le premier axe un angle égal à l'angle d'inclinaison du Soleil par rapport au plan équatorial.The present invention relates to a timepiece comprising a watch movement and means for indicating the sunrise and sunset taking into account seasonal variations, said means comprising a sphere reproducing the globe, a support, and a circle mounted on the support and arranged concentrically with the sphere, the circle being arranged to indicate the position of the terrestrial terminator, the circle and the sphere being arranged to be able to pivot relative to one another along two perpendicular axes, a first of the two axes corresponding to the polar axis of the terrestrial globe, and the second axis intersecting the first axis in the center of the sphere, the circle being free to pivot relative to the support around the second axis, the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset further comprising an annual cam having a profile representative of the inclination of the Sun relative to the equatorial plane and arranged to be driven in rotation by the movement at a rate of one revolution per year, a cam follower arranged to cooperate with the cam, and a kinematic link arranged to connect the cam follower to the circle so that the plane subtended by the circle makes with the first axis an angle equal to the angle of inclination of the Sun with respect to the equatorial plane.

ART ANTERIEURPRIOR ART

La durée du jour est le temps compris, chaque jour entre le moment où le limbe supérieur du Soleil apparait à l'est au-dessus de l'horizon, au lever du Soleil, jusqu'à sa disparition à l'ouest en dessous de l'horizon, lors du coucher du Soleil. Quelle que soit l'heure, il y a toujours une moitié de la surface du globe qui est éclairée par le Soleil, et une autre moitié qui est dans l'ombre. On appelle terminateur terrestre la ligne de démarcation entre la partie de la Terre qui est éclairée et celle qui est dans l'ombre. Géométriquement parlant, le terminateur terrestre est un grand cercle qui ceinture le globe terrestre. Ce grand cercle s'étend dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan de l'orbite terrestre autour du soleil (appelé le plan de l'écliptique). On peut encore noter que le centre de la Terre se trouve sur la droite d'intersection entre ces deux plans.The duration of the day is the time included, each day between the moment when the upper limb of the Sun appears to the east above the horizon, at sunrise, until its disappearance to the west below the horizon, at sunset. Whatever the time, there is always half of the surface of the globe which is illuminated by the Sun, and another half which is in the shadow. The term terrestrial terminator is the line of demarcation between the part of the Earth which is illuminated and that which is in the shadow. Geometrically speaking, the terrestrial terminator is a large circle that surrounds the globe. This large circle extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun (called the plane of the ecliptic). We can still note that the center of the Earth is on the line of intersection between these two planes.

D'une façon générale, la durée du jour varie tout au long de l'année et dépend de la latitude. Cette variation est provoquée par l'inclinaison de l'axe de rotation de la Terre sur elle-même par rapport au plan de l'écliptique. Cette inclinaison correspond par définition à la latitude des tropiques qui est de ± 23° 27'. Comme on le sait bien, la durée du jour est au plus court lors du solstice de décembre dans l'hémisphère nord, et de juin dans l'hémisphère sud. Lors des équinoxes, la durée du jour est égale à celle de la nuit sur toute la Terre.In general, the length of the day varies throughout the year and depends on the latitude. This variation is caused by the inclination of the axis of rotation of the Earth on itself with respect to the plane of the ecliptic. This inclination corresponds by definition to the latitude of the tropics which is ± 23 ° 27 '. As is well known, the duration of the day is shortest during the December solstice in the northern hemisphere, and June in the southern hemisphere. At the equinoxes, the duration of the day is equal to that of the night on the whole Earth.

On connait déjà des pièces d'horlogerie correspondant à la définition donnée en préambule ci-avant. La figure 3 du modèle d'utilité allemand DE7014354 (U ), notamment, décrit une horloge de table comportant une sphère qui reproduit le globe terrestre et qui est montée sur un axe vertical pour tourner au-dessus d'un support en forme de boitier. La face supérieure du support présente un cadran annulaire arrangé concentriquement à l'axe de la sphère et figurant un tour d'heures de 24 heures. Un mouvement horloger logé dans le support est prévu pour faire tourner le globe terrestre au-dessus du cadran au rythme d'un tour par 24 heures. Cette horloge de table connue comporte encore une coque hémisphérique légèrement plus grande que le globe terrestre et montée concentriquement à ce dernier de manière à l'entourer et à n'en laisser apparaître qu'une moitié. La coque hémisphérique est prévue pour permettre de distinguer, sur le globe terrestre, une demi-sphère éclairée par soleil d'une autre qui est dans l'ombre. La coque hémisphérique est en outre articulée sur deux montants verticaux de part et d'autre de la Terre. Elle peut ainsi pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal qui croise l'axe vertical qui porte le globe au centre de ce dernier. La coque est encore munie d'une crémaillère agencée pour coopérer avec un pignon faisant partie d'un mécanisme prévu pour commander l'angle d'inclinaison de la coque de façon à faire parcourir à cet angle, une fois par année dans un sens puis dans l'autre, la plage entière comprise entre les valeurs - et + 23,5°, pour reproduire l'effet de la variation de l'inclinaison du soleil au-dessus de l'équateur en fonction des saisons.We already know timepieces corresponding to the definition given in the preamble above. The figure 3 of the German utility model DE7014354 (U ), in particular, describes a table clock comprising a sphere that reproduces the globe and is mounted on a vertical axis to rotate over a box-shaped support. The upper face of the support has an annular dial arranged concentrically to the axis of the sphere and showing a 24 hour turn. A watch movement housed in the holder is intended to rotate the globe over the dial at the rate of one turn per 24 hours. This clock of The known table still has a hemispherical shell slightly larger than the terrestrial globe and mounted concentrically to the latter so as to surround it and reveal only half of it. The hemispherical hull is intended to allow to distinguish, on the terrestrial globe, a half-sphere lit by sun of another which is in the shade. The hemispherical hull is further articulated on two vertical uprights on both sides of the Earth. It can thus pivot about a horizontal axis that crosses the vertical axis that carries the globe in the center of the latter. The hull is further provided with a rack arranged to cooperate with a pinion forming part of a mechanism designed to control the angle of inclination of the hull so as to traverse at this angle, once a year in one direction then in the other, the entire range between values - and + 23.5 °, to reproduce the effect of the variation of the sun's inclination over the equator according to the seasons.

On comprendra que l'horloge de table décrite dans le document antérieur susmentionné reproduit la succession des jours et des nuits sur la Terre selon un point de vue qu'on pourrait qualifier de Copernicien. En effet, avec cette construction antérieure, c'est la Terre qui tourne sur elle-même, alors que l'ombre du Soleil ne fait que changer d'inclinaison en fonction des saisons. Bien qu'elle soit peut-être moins juste d'un point de vue scientifique, la représentation géocentrique selon laquelle nous nous trouvons au centre, alors que le Soleil nous tourne autour, est beaucoup plus conforme à notre intuition. La demande de brevet CH 75 722 A1 divulgue une sphère montée sur un arbre pivotant autour d'un premier axe, et un cercle ou élément de marquage monté sur un autre axe perpendiculaire au premier. Dans ce ce document l'élément de marquage n'est donc pas entrainé par l'organe de support de la sphère, et le système ne comprend pas de mécanisme de débrayage.It will be understood that the table clock described in the aforementioned prior document reproduces the succession of days and nights on the Earth according to a point of view that could be described as Copernican. Indeed, with this previous construction, it is the Earth that turns on itself, while the shadow of the Sun only changes inclination according to the seasons. Although perhaps less scientifically correct, the geocentric representation that we find ourselves in the center, while the Sun revolves around us, is much more in keeping with our intuition. The patent application CH 75 722 A1 discloses a sphere mounted on a shaft pivoting about a first axis, and a circle or marking element mounted on another axis perpendicular to the first axis. In this document the marking element is not driven by the support member of the sphere, and the system does not include a disengagement mechanism.

BREF EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONBRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Un but de la présente invention est de fournir une pièce d'horlogerie permettant de reproduire la succession des jours et des nuits sur la Terre conformément à un point de vue géocentrique. Elle atteint ce but en fournissant une pièce d'horlogerie conforme à la revendication 1 annexée.An object of the present invention is to provide a timepiece to reproduce the succession of days and nights on the Earth according to a geocentric point of view. It achieves this goal by providing a timepiece according to the appended claim 1.

On comprendra que, selon l'invention, le cercle figurant le terminateur terrestre tourne avec son support au rythme d'un tour par 24 heures autour de l'axe polaire du globe terrestre. De plus, le cercle est monté pivotant sur le support tournant, de manière à ce qu'il puisse également changer d'inclinaison par rapport à l'axe polaire. L'angle d'inclinaison du cercle est commandé par un arbre d'entraînement arrangé concentriquement au support tournant. L'arbre d'entraînement est actionné par le mouvement pour tourner à la même vitesse que le support, mais avec un certain déphasage. C'est la valeur du déphasage qui détermine l'inclinaison du cercle par rapport à l'axe polaire.It will be understood that, according to the invention, the circle representing the terrestrial terminator rotates with its support at the rate of one revolution per 24 hours around the polar axis of the terrestrial globe. In addition, the circle is pivotally mounted on the rotating support, so that it can also change inclination relative to the polar axis. The angle of inclination of the circle is controlled by a drive shaft arranged concentrically with the rotating support. The drive shaft is actuated by the motion to rotate at the same speed as the carrier, but with a certain phase shift. It is the value of the phase shift which determines the inclination of the circle with respect to the polar axis.

On comprendra que dans le présent contexte, l'expression « cercle » ne désigne pas forcément un cercle tout-à-fait complet. Il peut tout aussi bien s'agir d'un cercle qui présente au moins une coupure. En effet, selon l'invention, l'axe autour duquel le cercle est monté pivotant coupe perpendiculairement l'axe polaire du globe terrestre. Or, selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, le globe terrestre est monté sur une tige qui s'étend concentriquement à l'axe polaire. Dans ces conditions, il est nécessaire que le cercle présente au moins une interruption pour permettre à la tige et au cercle de se croiser lorsque l'inclinaison du cercle par rapport à l'axe polaire passe par zéro. De plus, selon une variante préférée de ce dernier mode de réalisation, la tige qui porte la sphère est une tige traversante pivotée par ses deux extrémités. Comme on le verra encore plus loin, le cercle doit alors présenter deux coupures disposées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre, sur le même diamètre perpendiculaire à l'axe de pivotement du cercle.It will be understood that in the present context, the expression "circle" does not necessarily mean a completely complete circle. It may just as well be a circle that has at least one cut. Indeed, according to the invention, the axis around which the circle is pivotally mounted perpendicularly cuts the polar axis of the earth. However, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the terrestrial globe is mounted on a rod which extends concentrically to the polar axis. Under these conditions, it is necessary that the circle has at least one interruption to allow the rod and the circle to cross when the inclination of the circle relative to the polar axis goes through zero. In addition, according to a preferred variant of this last embodiment, the rod which carries the sphere is a through rod pivoted by its two ends. As will be seen further, the circle must then have two cuts disposed opposite one another, on the same diameter perpendicular to the pivot axis of the circle.

Conformément à l'invention, une liaison cinématique intermittente entre la came annuelle et l'arbre de transmission permet de réajuster périodiquement le déphasage entre l'arbre et le support tournant. De plus, l'invention stipule que réajustement du déphasage a lieu uniquement lorsque le support tournant se trouve dans des positions angulaires prédéterminées bien précises. Dans ces conditions, la position du support au moment du réajustement étant connue, le déphasage est donc entièrement déterminé par la position angulaire de l'arbre de transmission. Il est donc possible de réajuster le déphasage en réajustant simplement la position angulaire de l'arbre de transmission. Selon l'invention, le réajustement de la position angulaire de l'arbre de transmission est rendu possible par l'établissement d'un couplage transitoire entre l'arbre et le suiveur de came.According to the invention, an intermittent kinematic connection between the annual cam and the transmission shaft makes it possible to readjust periodically the phase difference between the shaft and the rotating support. In addition, the invention states that readjustment of the phase shift takes place only when the rotating support is in angular positions predetermined, very precise. Under these conditions, the position of the support at the time of readjustment being known, the phase shift is therefore entirely determined by the angular position of the transmission shaft. It is therefore possible to readjust the phase shift by simply adjusting the angular position of the transmission shaft. According to the invention, the readjustment of the angular position of the transmission shaft is made possible by the establishment of a transient coupling between the shaft and the cam follower.

Conformément à un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la liaison cinématique entre le suiveur de came et l'arbre de transmission passe par un mécanisme à débrayage qui est agencé pour réaliser le couplage transitoire entre l'arbre et le suiveur de came et pour, de manière concomitante, débrayer l'arbre de transmission du mouvement.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the kinematic connection between the cam follower and the transmission shaft passes through a disengaging mechanism which is arranged to perform the transient coupling between the shaft and the cam follower and for, concomitantly, disengage the transmission shaft of the movement.

Conformément à un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la pièce d'horlogerie est une montre qui comprend un cadran, l'axe polaire X-X étant orienté parallèlement au plan du cadran. Cette caractéristique est originale. En effet, les pièces d'horlogerie connues qui comprennent des moyens d'indication du lever et du coucher du Soleil en tenant compte des variations saisonnières, sont en général des horloges de table. Dans ces horloges, l'axe polaire X-X est normalement arrangé verticalement. Bien que cette agencement donne satisfaction avec une horloge de table, il ne convient pas très bien pour une pièce d'horlogerie comme une montre dans laquelle l'affichage n'est visible que d'un seul côté à travers le verre de montre. En effet, la sphère qui reproduit le globe terrestre doit être suffisamment grande pour qu'il soit aisé de repérer, au moins approximativement, tout endroit de la planète. Or, l'espace exigu entre le cadran et le verre impose que le globe utilisé ait un faible encombrement. Pour permettre d'utiliser quand-même un globe d'une certaine dimension avec l'axe polaire orienté verticalement, la seule solution est d'aménager dans le cadran une ouverture en forme de puits pour recevoir la sphère. Un tel arrangement limite toutefois la visibilité, puisque l'hémisphère placé en bas est alors complètement invisible pour le porteur de la montre. C'est la raison pour laquelle, lorsque la pièce d'horlogerie est une montre comprenant un cadran, l'axe polaire X-X est de préférence orienté parallèlement au plan du cadran.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the timepiece is a watch that includes a dial, the polar axis XX being oriented parallel to the plane of the dial. This characteristic is original. Indeed, known timepieces that include means for indicating the sunrise and sunset taking into account seasonal variations, are generally table clocks. In these clocks, the polar axis XX is normally arranged vertically. Although this arrangement is satisfactory with a table clock, it is not very suitable for a timepiece such as a watch in which the display is visible only on one side through the watch glass. Indeed, the sphere that reproduces the globe must be large enough to be easy to locate, at least approximately, anywhere on the planet. However, the small space between the dial and the glass requires that the globe used has a small footprint. To allow the use of a globe of a certain size with the polar axis oriented vertically, the only solution is to arrange in the dial a well-shaped opening to receive the sphere. A such an arrangement, however, limits the visibility, since the hemisphere at the bottom is then completely invisible to the wearer of the watch. This is the reason why, when the timepiece is a watch comprising a dial, the polar axis XX is preferably oriented parallel to the plane of the dial.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en plan de dessus d'une montre bracelet conforme à un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe de la montre bracelet de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 3A, 3B et 3C sont des vues partielles d'un mode de réalisation particulier des moyens d'indication du lever et du coucher du Soleil de l'invention. Les trois vues partielles montrent la sphère qui reproduit le globe terrestre, le support, et une coque qui est montée pivotante sur le support et qui est arrangée concentriquement à la sphère. Le support est de face dans la figure 3A, de profil dans la figure 3B et de trois-quarts dans la figure 3C ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale des moyens d'indication du lever et du coucher du Soleil des figures 3A, 3B et 3C ; le support étant représenté de face comme dans la figure 3A ;
  • les figures 5A et 5B sont des vues partielles en plan, respectivement de dessus et de dessous, de la liaison cinématique reliant le suiveur de came au cercle selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Les vues partielles des figures 5A et 5B montrant plus particulièrement le mécanisme de débrayage ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective du mécanisme de débrayage des figures 5A et 5B.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example, and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a top plan view of a wristwatch according to a particular embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the wristwatch of the figure 1 ;
  • the FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C are partial views of a particular embodiment of the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset of the invention. The three partial views show the sphere that reproduces the globe, the support, and a shell that is pivotally mounted on the support and is arranged concentrically to the sphere. The support is from the front in the figure 3A , in profile in the figure 3B and three quarters in the figure 3C ;
  • the figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the means of indicating the sunrise and sunset of FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C ; the support being represented from the front as in the figure 3A ;
  • the Figures 5A and 5B are partial plan views, respectively from above and below, of the kinematic link connecting the cam follower to the circle according to one embodiment of the invention. The partial views of Figures 5A and 5B showing more particularly the disengaging mechanism;
  • the figure 6 is a perspective view of the clutch release mechanism Figures 5A and 5B .

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE D'UN MODE DE REALISATIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT

La montre illustrée dans les figures 1 et 2 comporte notamment un cadran principal désigné par la référence numérique générale 1. Le cadran principal porte trois petits cadrans (référencés 7, 9 et 15) pour fournir au porteur de la montre différentes informations. Il s'agit tout d'abord de l'heure qui est indiquée par deux aiguilles 3 et 5, respectivement des minutes et des heures, qui sont agencées pour tourner de manière conventionnelle en regard du premier petit cadran 7. La montre illustrée comporte également un calendrier dont l'affichage utilise les deux autres petits cadrans 9, 15. Ce calendrier ne sera pas décrit en détail puisqu'il ne fait pas l'objet de l'invention. Suffit de dire que l'affichage du quantième (de 1 à 31) (ou date) est assuré par une petite aiguille 13 agencée pour tourner au-dessus du petit cadran 15, et qu'une autre petite aiguille 11 est agencée pour fournir une indication du mois de l'année en coopération avec le troisième petit cadran 9.The watch shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises in particular a main dial designated by the general reference numeral 1. The main dial carries three small dials (referenced 7, 9 and 15) to provide the wearer of the watch various information. This is firstly the time indicated by two needles 3 and 5, respectively minutes and hours, which are arranged to rotate conventionally next to the first small dial 7. The illustrated watch also includes a calendar whose display uses the other two small dials 9, 15. This calendar will not be described in detail since it is not the subject of the invention. Suffice to say that the display of the date (from 1 to 31) (or date) is provided by a small needle 13 arranged to rotate above the small dial 15, and another small needle 11 is arranged to provide a indication of the month of the year in cooperation with the third small dial 9.

Conformément à l'invention, la montre représentée comporte encore des moyens pour indiquer le lever et le coucher du Soleil en différents endroits de la Terre tout en tenant compte des variations saisonnières. A ce titre, la montre des figures 1 et 2 comporte encore une sphère 17 qui représente le globe terrestre. On peut voir que la sphère 17 est montée sur une tige traversante 19 qui est arrangée concentriquement à l'axe polaire X-X du globe terrestre. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la tige 19 est orientée parallèlement au plan du cadran, et ses deux extrémités sont engagées dans deux paliers (non référencés) que porte le bâti de manière à autoriser la sphère à tourner autour de l'axe polaire X-X. On peut voir également que la sphère est logée dans un puits 21 aménagé à 12 heures dans le cadran 1. De plus, l'axe polaire X-X du globe est superposé au diamètre 12 heures - 6 heures de la montre. De façon conventionnelle, le pôle nord du globe est orienté vers le haut (dans la direction de 12 heures).According to the invention, the watch shown also comprises means for indicating the sunrise and sunset of the Sun in different parts of the Earth while taking into account seasonal variations. As such, the watch of Figures 1 and 2 still has a sphere 17 which represents the terrestrial globe. It can be seen that the sphere 17 is mounted on a through rod 19 which is arranged concentrically with the polar axis XX of the terrestrial globe. In the illustrated embodiment, the rod 19 is oriented parallel to the plane of the dial, and its two ends are engaged in two bearings (not referenced) that carries the frame so as to allow the sphere to rotate about the polar axis XX . You can see also that the sphere is housed in a well 21 arranged at 12 o'clock in the dial 1. In addition, the polar axis XX of the globe is superimposed on the diameter 12 hours - 6 hours of the watch. Conventionally, the north pole of the globe is oriented upwards (in the direction of 12 hours).

Conformément à l'invention, les moyens pour indiquer le lever et le coucher du Soleil en différents endroits de la Terre comprennent encore un cercle 23 monté sur un support 25 et arrangé concentriquement à la sphère 17. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, on peut voir que les moyens pour indiquer le lever et le coucher du Soleil comprennent, en guise de cercle, une coque 27 de forme hémisphérique qui est arrangée concentriquement à la sphère 17 de manière à masquer une moitié du globe terrestre. On comprendra que selon ce mode de réalisation particulier, la coque hémisphérique 27 présente un rebord sensiblement circulaire, et que ce rebord constitue le cercle 23 selon l'invention. C'est donc la position du rebord circulaire de la coque 27 qui indique la position du terminateur terrestre. Un avantage associé au fait d'utiliser une coque en forme de demi-sphère au lieu d'un simple anneau est de permettre de distinguer de manière évidente une partie du globe terrestre où il fait nuit d'une autre où il fait jour. La coque 27 peut par exemple être réalisée dans un matériau translucide ou transparent qui est de préférence légèrement teinté, de manière à donner l'impression que la partie du globe recouverte par la coque est plongée dans la nuit. Selon une autre variante non-représentée, la coque pourrait avoir la forme d'une sphère constituée par la réunion de deux demi-sphères ayant des teintes différentes, l'une figurant le jour et l'autre la nuit. La demi-sphère figurant le jour serait alors de préférence plus transparente que l'autre, de manière à laisser voir la surface du globe terrestre. On comprendra que selon cette dernière variante, les deux demi-sphères forment entre elles un joint sensiblement circulaire, et que ce joint constitue le cercle selon l'invention. Un autre avantage de cette dernière variante est qu'elle donne la possibilité représenter le Soleil au milieu de la demi-sphère figurant le jour. Ainsi, cette variante permet de fournir une montre qui indique à quel moment le Soleil se trouve au Zénith.According to the invention, the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset at different locations on the Earth further comprise a circle 23 mounted on a support 25 and arranged concentrically with the sphere 17. In the embodiment shown, it is possible to see that the means for indicating the sunrise and sunset include, as a circle, a hull 27 of hemispherical shape which is arranged concentrically to the sphere 17 so as to mask half of the globe. It will be understood that according to this particular embodiment, the hemispherical shell 27 has a substantially circular flange, and that this rim constitutes the circle 23 according to the invention. It is therefore the position of the circular rim of the shell 27 which indicates the position of the terrestrial terminator. One advantage of using a half-sphere shell instead of a simple ring is that it makes it possible to clearly distinguish a part of the terrestrial globe where it is dark from another where it is daytime. The shell 27 may for example be made of a translucent or transparent material which is preferably slightly tinted, so as to give the impression that the part of the globe covered by the shell is immersed in the night. According to another variant not shown, the shell could have the shape of a sphere formed by the meeting of two half-spheres having different hues, one being the day and the other at night. The half-sphere of the day would then preferably be more transparent than the other, so as to show the surface of the globe. It will be understood that according to this latter variant, the two half-spheres form between them a substantially circular seal, and that this seal constitutes the circle according to the invention. Another advantage of this last variant is that it gives the possibility to represent the Sun in the middle of the half-sphere of the day. So, this variant allows to provide a watch that indicates when the Sun is at Zenith.

Les figures 3A, 3B, 3C et 4 sont des vues plus détaillées de l'ensemble formé par la sphère 17, le support 25 et la coque 27. Les trois vues 3A, 3B et 3C montrent respectivement la coque et le support tournés de face, de profil et de trois-quarts. La figure 4 illustre le même ensemble en coupe transversale et vu de face comme dans la figure 3A. En se référant toujours à la figure 3A, on peut voir que le support 25 a la forme générale d'une fourche avec un tronc court qui porte deux branches 33a et 33b qui s'étendent symétriquement de part et d'autre de la sphère. Dans la variante représentée, le support 25 possède un axe de symétrie qui est confondu avec l'axe polaire X-X du globe terrestre. En se référant maintenant à la vue agrandie en coupe de la figure 4, on peut voir que le tronc du support est constitué par une première roue à canon (référencée 31) à l'intérieur de laquelle passe une seconde roue à canon 35 ainsi que la tige 19. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la seconde roue à canon est intercalée entre la tige 19 et la première roue à canon 31. On comprendra toutefois, que selon une variante, ce pourrait être la première roue à canon qui serait placée à l'intérieur de la seconde roue à canon. On comprendra par ailleurs que, dans les deux variantes, les deux roues à canon 31, 35 et la tige 19 sont libres de tourner indépendamment les uns des autres.The FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 4 are more detailed views of the assembly formed by the sphere 17, the support 25 and the shell 27. The three views 3A, 3B and 3C respectively show the shell and the support turned face, profile and three-quarter. The figure 4 illustrates the same set in cross section and seen from the front as in the figure 3A . Referring always to the figure 3A it can be seen that the support 25 has the general shape of a fork with a short trunk which carries two branches 33a and 33b which extend symmetrically on either side of the sphere. In the variant shown, the support 25 has an axis of symmetry which coincides with the polar axis XX of the terrestrial globe. Referring now to the enlarged sectional view of the figure 4 it can be seen that the trunk of the support is constituted by a first barrel wheel (referenced 31) inside which a second barrel wheel 35 passes along with the rod 19. In the illustrated embodiment, the second wheel The barrel is interposed between the rod 19 and the first gun wheel 31. However, it will be understood that, alternatively, it could be the first barrel wheel that would be placed inside the second barrel wheel. It will be understood moreover that in both variants, the two gun wheels 31, 35 and the rod 19 are free to rotate independently of each other.

On peut voir encore sur les figures que la coque 27 est montée pivotante entre les deux branches 33a, 33b au moyens de deux articulations référencées 37a et 37b et qui sont arrangées coaxialement dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre. La coque peut donc pivoter sur le support 25 selon un axe de rotation qui passe par les deux articulations. Cet axe de pivotement, qui croise l'axe polaire X-X au centre de la sphère 17, sera appelé ci-après l'axe écliptique et référencé Y-Y. Chacune des deux articulations 37a, 37b est constituée par un pivot porté par le rebord de la coque 27 et qui est inséré dans un palier fixé à l'extrémité d'une des branches 33a, 33b. On notera encore que les pivots qui sont insérés dans les deux paliers occupent des positions diamétralement opposées sur le grand cercle 23 constitué par le rebord de la coque.It can still be seen in the figures that the shell 27 is pivotally mounted between the two branches 33a, 33b by means of two hinges referenced 37a and 37b and which are arranged coaxially in the extension of one another. The shell can therefore pivot on the support 25 along an axis of rotation that passes through the two joints. This pivot axis, which crosses the polar axis XX in the center of the sphere 17, will be called hereinafter the ecliptic axis and referenced YY. Each of the two joints 37a, 37b is constituted by a pivot carried by the rim of the shell 27 and which is inserted in a bearing fixed to the end of one of the branches 33a, 33b. It will also be noted that the pivots which are inserted in the two bearings occupy diametrically opposite positions on the large circle 23 constituted by the edge of the shell.

En se référant à nouveau aux figures 3A et 4, on peut voir qu'une chaîne 41 relie la seconde roue à canon 35 à l'articulation 37a. Plus précisément, la chaîne 41 est tendue entre une gorge circulaire que présente la roue à canon 35 et un pignon (référencé 39) que porte l'articulation 37a. Le pignon 39 est fixé sur l'extrémité du pivot solidaire de la coque 27. On comprendra que dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la roue à canon 35 constitue l'arbre d'entraînement selon l'invention, et que la gorge circulaire, la chaîne 41 et le pignon 39 forment ensemble les moyens de transmission agencés pour relier l'arbre d'entraînement au cercle 23. Conformément à l'agencement qui vient d'être décrit, toute rotation de la roue à canon 35 par rapport au support 25 est transmise au pignon 39 par la chaîne 41. Ainsi, toute rotation de la roue à canon 35 relativement au support 25 provoque un pivotement correspondant de la coque 27 autour de l'axe écliptique Y-Y. On comprendra que le mécanisme qui vient d'être décrit permet de faire parcourir entièrement, dans un sens puis dans l'autre, la plage des valeurs comprises entre + et -23,5°, à l'angle d'inclinaison de la coque 27 relativement à l'axe polaire X-X. On comprendra que, grâce à cette construction, les moyens d'indication du lever et du coucher du Soleil sont capables de tenir compte de l'effet de la variation de l'inclinaison du Soleil au-dessus de l'équateur en fonction des saisons. En se référant plus particulièrement aux figures 3C et 4, on observe que le rebord 23 de la coque présente également deux encoches 43a et 43b arrangées en positions diamétralement opposées, à mi-distance des articulations 37a et 37b. On comprendra que la fonction des encoches 43a et 43b est de permettre le passage de la tige 19 lorsque la coque 27 est inclinée relativement à l'axe polaire X-X.Referring again to Figures 3A and 4 it can be seen that a chain 41 connects the second cannon wheel 35 to the hinge 37a. More specifically, the chain 41 is stretched between a circular groove that the gun wheel 35 and a pinion (referenced 39) that the hinge 37a. The pinion 39 is fixed on the end of the pivot integral with the shell 27. It will be understood that in the illustrated embodiment, the cannon wheel 35 constitutes the drive shaft according to the invention, and that the circular groove, the chain 41 and the pinion 39 together form the transmission means arranged to connect the drive shaft to the circle 23. In accordance with the arrangement just described, any rotation of the cannon wheel 35 relative to the support 25 is transmitted to the pinion 39 by the chain 41. Thus, any rotation of the barrel wheel 35 relative to the support 25 causes a corresponding pivoting of the shell 27 around the ecliptic axis YY. It will be understood that the mechanism which has just been described makes it possible to completely traverse, in one direction and then in the other, the range of values between + and -23.5 °, at the angle of inclination of the hull. 27 with respect to polar axis XX. It will be understood that, thanks to this construction, the means of indicating the sunrise and sunset are capable of taking into account the effect of the variation of the inclination of the Sun over the equator according to the seasons. . With particular reference to Figures 3C and 4 it is observed that the rim 23 of the shell also has two notches 43a and 43b arranged in diametrically opposite positions, midway between the joints 37a and 37b. It will be understood that the function of the notches 43a and 43b is to allow the passage of the rod 19 when the shell 27 is inclined relative to the polar axis XX.

On a vu que, conformément à l'invention, le support 25 est agencé pour être entraîné par le mouvement de manière à tourner au rythme d'un tour par 24 heures autour du premier axe X-X. De plus, un arbre d'entraînement coaxial avec l'axe polaire X-X est agencé pour être entraîné en rotation par le mouvement par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme à débrayage à la même vitesse que le support 25, mais avec un décalage angulaire par rapport au support. On comprendra que, dans le mode de réalisation illustré, l'arbre d'entraînement est constitué par la roue à canon 35, et que le mouvement fait tourner le support 25 par l'intermédiaire de la denture de la roue à canon 31.It has been seen that, according to the invention, the support 25 is arranged to be driven by the movement so as to rotate at the rate of one revolution per 24 hours around the first axis X-X. In addition, a drive shaft coaxial with the polar axis XX is arranged to be rotated by the movement via a disengaging mechanism at the same speed as the carrier 25, but with an angular offset by report to the support. It will be understood that, in the illustrated embodiment, the drive shaft is constituted by the barrel wheel 35, and that the movement rotates the support 25 via the toothing of the barrel wheel 31.

En se référant maintenant aux figures 5A et 5B, on peut voir une came annuelle 56 associée à un suiveur de came 54. La came 56 est conformée de manière à ce que son profil soit représentatif de l'inclinaison du soleil par rapport au plan équatorial terrestre. La came 56 est agencée pour être entraînée en rotation par le mouvement à raison d'une révolution par année. Le suiveur de came 54 est agencé pour coopérer avec la came. Les figures 5A et 5B montrent encore un mécanisme à débrayage généralement référencé 50. Conformément à l'invention, le mécanisme à débrayage 50 est agencé pour réaliser un couplage transitoire entre l'arbre d'entraînement et le suiveur de came 54, de manière à permettre de réajuster périodiquement le décalage angulaire entre l'arbre d'entraînement (référencé 35 sur la figure 4, non représenté dans les figures 5A et 5B) et le support (référencé 25 sur les figures 3 et 4, non représenté sur les figures 5A et 5B). Comme on va le voir plus loin, l'intervalle séparant deux couplages transitoires successifs doit correspondre à un nombre entier de périodes de révolution d'un mobile d'entrée (référencé 70) du mécanisme à débrayage.Referring now to Figures 5A and 5B there can be seen an annual cam 56 associated with a cam follower 54. The cam 56 is shaped in such a way that its profile is representative of the inclination of the sun relative to the equatorial terrestrial plane. The cam 56 is arranged to be rotated by the movement at a rate of one revolution per year. The cam follower 54 is arranged to cooperate with the cam. The Figures 5A and 5B still show a disengaging mechanism generally referenced 50. In accordance with the invention, the disengaging mechanism 50 is arranged to perform a transient coupling between the drive shaft and the cam follower 54, so as to allow periodically readjust the angular offset between the drive shaft (referenced 35 on the figure 4 , not shown in Figures 5A and 5B ) and the support (referenced 25 on the figures 3 and 4 , not shown on the Figures 5A and 5B ). As will be seen below, the interval separating two successive transient couplings must correspond to an integer number of periods of revolution of an input mobile (referenced 70) of the clutch mechanism.

En se référant toujours aux figures 5A et 5B, on peut voir que le suiveur de came 54 est constitué par râteau comportant un secteur denté 58 et un manche qui se termine par un palpeur 52. Le râteau est soumis à l'action de rappel d'un ressort (non représenté) tendant à appliquer le palpeur 52 contre la périphérie de la came annuelle 56. De plus, comme le montre plus particulièrement la figure 5B, le secteur denté du râteau est disposé de manière à engrener avec une roue dentée 68 du mécanisme à débrayage 50. On comprendra que la position angulaire de la roue dentée 68 reflète celle du suiveur de came. Elle est donc représentative de l'inclinaison du soleil par rapport au plan équatorial.Referring always to Figures 5A and 5B it can be seen that the cam follower 54 is constituted by a rake having a toothed sector 58 and a handle which ends with a feeler 52. The rake is subjected to the return action of a spring (not shown) tending to apply the feeler 52 against the periphery of the annual cam 56. Moreover, as shown more particularly by the Figure 5B the toothed sector of the rake is arranged to mesh with a toothed wheel 68 of the clutch mechanism 50. It will be understood that the angular position of the gear wheel 68 reflects that of the cam follower. It is therefore representative of the inclination of the sun with respect to the equatorial plane.

En se référant maintenant simultanément aux figures 5A, 5B et 6, on peut voir que le mécanisme à débrayage 50 comporte un mobile de base comprenant une roue 70 solidaire d'un axe 72 (visible sur la figure 5A). Il comporte également un mobile de sortie formé d'une roue à canon 74 et d'une roue dentée 76 (représentée uniquement sur la figure 6). La roue 76 est montée sur le canon de la roue à canon 74. Cette dernière est elle-même ajustée librement sur l'axe 72 du mobile de base de manière à être libre de tourner concentriquement à la roue 70.Referring now simultaneously to Figures 5A, 5B and 6 it can be seen that the disengaging mechanism 50 comprises a basic mobile comprising a wheel 70 secured to an axis 72 (visible on the Figure 5A ). It also comprises an output mobile formed of a gun wheel 74 and a toothed wheel 76 (shown only on the figure 6 ). The wheel 76 is mounted on the barrel of the barrel wheel 74. The latter is itself freely adjusted on the axis 72 of the base mobile so as to be free to rotate concentrically with the wheel 70.

On peut voir encore qu'une pince de blocage 61 entoure la roue à canon 74. Cette pince est articulée sur un pivot 63 qui est fixé en position excentrique sur la planche de la roue 70 du mobile de base. Un double ressort 65 rappelle les mâchoires de la pince de blocage contre l'extérieur de la roue à canon 74. Finalement, un petit levier en forme de T 67 est pivoté au niveau de la base du T sur la planche de la roue 70. Le petit levier 67 est agencé de manière à ce qu'une force exercée sur une première extrémité 78 de la barre du T conduise l'autre extrémité à s'insérer entre les mâchoires de la pince 61 et à servir de coin pour les écarter. On comprendra que lorsque les mâchoires de la pince de blocage 61 sont fermées, la roue à canon 74 est solidaire du mobile de base qui l'entraîne alors en rotation. Ainsi, le mobile de sortie est solidaire du mobile de base tant qu'aucune force n'est exercée sur l'extrémité 78 du petit levier de commande 67. On comprendra donc qu'il n'est pas possible de modifier le déphasage entre la roue 70 du mobile de base et la roue 76 du mobile de sortie, tant que les mâchoires de la pince 61 sont refermées autour de la roue à canon 74.It can be seen again that a locking clip 61 surrounds the barrel wheel 74. This clamp is articulated on a pivot 63 which is fixed in eccentric position on the board of the wheel 70 of the base mobile. A double spring 65 recalls the jaws of the locking clamp against the outside of the gun wheel 74. Finally, a small T-shaped lever 67 is pivoted at the base of the T on the board of the wheel 70. The small lever 67 is arranged so that a force exerted on a first end 78 of the T bar leads the other end to fit between the jaws of the clamp 61 and serve as a wedge to spread them. It will be understood that when the jaws of the locking clamp 61 are closed, the barrel wheel 74 is secured to the base mobile which then drives it in rotation. Thus, the output mobile is secured to the base mobile as long as no force is exerted on the end 78 of the small control lever 67. It will therefore be understood that it is not possible to modify the phase difference between the wheel 70 of the basic mobile and the wheel 76 of the mobile of output, as long as the jaws of the clamp 61 are closed around the barrel wheel 74.

Le mécanisme à débrayage 50 comporte encore un ensemble formé par un coeur 82 qui est chassé sur le canon de la roue à canon 74 et un levier de correction 84 dont l'extrémité est rappelée contre le pourtour du coeur par un ressort 86. D'autre part, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5B, un bras radial référencé 88 est fixé sur la roue dentée 68. Le bras 88 s'étend d'abord radialement jusqu'au-delà de la denture de la roue 70, pour s'incurver ensuite vers le haut et se terminer approximativement en regard du coeur 82. L'extrémité du bras 88 forme un petit support décentré 90, et on comprendra que la fonction de la roue dentée 68 avec son bras 88 est celle d'un châssis pivotant. On peut voir encore sur la figure 6 que le petit support 90 sert tout à la fois de point d'ancrage pour le ressort 86 et de point de pivotement pour le levier de correction 84. On voit finalement que le levier de correction 84 porte à son extrémité un rouleau et que ce rouleau est pressé contre le pourtour du coeur 82 par le ressort 86. De manière connue en soi, la force qu'exerce le rouleau sur le coeur comporte une composante tangentielle qui tend à rappeler le coeur en direction de sa position angulaire d'équilibre stable, ou autrement dit, en direction de la position où le rouleau se trouve dans la coche du coeur.The disengaging mechanism 50 further comprises an assembly formed by a core 82 which is driven on the barrel of the barrel wheel 74 and a correction lever 84 whose end is biased against the periphery of the core by a spring 86. D ' on the other hand, as can be seen from Figure 5B a radially referenced arm 88 is attached to the gear wheel 68. The arm 88 first radially extends beyond the toothing of the wheel 70, to then curl upwards and terminate approximately 82. The end of the arm 88 forms a small off-center support 90, and it will be understood that the function of the toothed wheel 68 with its arm 88 is that of a pivoting frame. We can still see on the figure 6 that the small support 90 serves both as an anchor point for the spring 86 and a pivot point for the correction lever 84. It is finally seen that the correction lever 84 carries at its end a roller and that this roller is pressed against the periphery of the core 82 by the spring 86. In known manner, the force exerted by the roller on the core comprises a tangential component which tends to return the core towards its angular position of stable equilibrium, or in other words, towards the position where the roll is in the tick of the heart.

Les figures 5A et 5B montrent encore un actionneur instantané (généralement référencé 94). L'actionneur instantané est commandé par le mouvement et agencé pour actionner le mécanisme à débrayage 50 en repoussant brusquement la première extrémité 78 de la barre du T du petit levier en forme de T 67. L'actionneur instantané 94 est déjà connu en tant que tel. En effet, l'actionneur instantané illustré par les figure 5A et 5B est décrit dans le document de brevet EP 2 503 407 intitulé « mouvement horloger comportant un actionneur instantané commandé par le mouvement ». Ce document antérieur est incorporé par référence.The Figures 5A and 5B still show an instantaneous actuator (generally referenced 94). The instantaneous actuator is controlled by the movement and arranged to actuate the clutch mechanism 50 by suddenly pushing the first end 78 of the T bar of the T-shaped small lever 67. The instantaneous actuator 94 is already known as such. Indeed, the instantaneous actuator illustrated by the Figure 5A and 5B is described in the patent document EP 2,503,407 entitled "watch movement comprising an instantaneous actuator controlled by the movement". This prior document is incorporated by reference.

L'actionneur instantané 94 comporte une roue trainante 96 entraînée en rotation autour de son axe par le mouvement. On comprendra que la vitesse de rotation de la roue 96 détermine la fréquence à laquelle l'actionneur instantané actionne le mécanisme à débrayage. Un avantage découlant du recours à un actionneur instantané plutôt qu'à un simple doigt porté par une roue traînante, est que l'actionneur instantané permet de déterminer avec précision à quel instant le petit levier 67 est repoussé, et à quel instant il est relâché. En effet, la durée de la période durant laquelle l'actionneur repousse le levier en forme de T n'est pas déterminé par la vitesse de rotation de la roue traînante, mais par une double détente beaucoup plus rapide.The instantaneous actuator 94 comprises a trailing wheel 96 driven in rotation about its axis by the movement. It will be understood that the rotational speed of the wheel 96 determines the frequency at which the instantaneous actuator actuates the disengaging mechanism. An advantage of using an instantaneous actuator rather than a simple dragging wheel finger is that the instantaneous actuator accurately determines when the small lever 67 is pushed back and when it is released. . Indeed, the duration of the period during which the actuator pushes the T-shaped lever is not determined by the rotational speed of the trailing wheel, but by a double trigger much faster.

Le fonctionnement du mécanisme de débrayage qui fait l'objet du présent exemple va maintenant être décrit. Dans l'exemple illustré, le mobile de base 70 remplit la fonction de mobile d'entrée du mécanisme à débrayage. Il est entraîné par le mouvement à la vitesse d'un tour toutes les 12 heures. Conformément à ce qui a été expliqué plus haut, tant qu'aucune force n'est exercée sur le levier de commande 67, la roue à canon 74 et le coeur 72 sont liés solidairement à la roue 70 du mobile de base. Le mobile de base les entraîne donc en rotation au rythme de deux révolutions par 24 heures. Conformément à ce qui a été expliqué plus haut l'actionneur instantané 94 est agencé pour appuyer sur l'extrémité 78 du petit levier 67 une fois toutes les 12 heures. On notera toutefois que, selon l'invention, l'intervalle entre deux actionnements n'est pas nécessairement égal à la période de rotation du mobile d'entrée du mécanisme à débrayage. En effet, selon d'autres modes de réalisation, l'intervalle entre deux actionnements pourrait correspondre à un multiple entier quelconque de la période de révolution du mobile de base.The operation of the disengaging mechanism which is the object of the present example will now be described. In the example illustrated, the basic mobile 70 fulfills the function of mobile entry of the clutch mechanism. It is driven by movement at the speed of one turn every 12 hours. As explained above, as long as no force is exerted on the control lever 67, the barrel wheel 74 and the core 72 are integrally connected to the wheel 70 of the base mobile. The basic mobile drives them in rotation at the rate of two revolutions per 24 hours. In accordance with what has been explained above, the instantaneous actuator 94 is arranged to press the end 78 of the small lever 67 once every 12 hours. However, it should be noted that, according to the invention, the interval between two actuations is not necessarily equal to the period of rotation of the mobile entry of the disengaging mechanism. Indeed, according to other embodiments, the interval between two actuations could correspond to any integer multiple of the period of revolution of the basic mobile.

Chaque fois qu'il appuie sur le petit levier 67, l'actionneur instantané force les mâchoires de la pince de blocage 61 à s'entrouvrir et à relâcher leur pression sur la roue à canon 74, de sorte que le mobile de sortie est brièvement débrayé du mobile de base. La roue à canon est alors libre de pivoter sous l'action du levier de correction 84 et de son ressort 86. La roue à canon 74 pivote alors jusqu'à ce que le rouleau du levier de correction vienne s'immobiliser dans la coche du coeur 82. On comprendra que la position angulaire du mobile de sortie au moment où le levier s'immobilise dans la coche du coeur dépend de la position angulaire du petit support décentré 90 qui porte le levier correction 84. Comme le petit support décentré est fixé à la roue dentée 68 et que cette dernière engrène avec le suiveur de came 54, la position angulaire du coeur est, en fin de compte, déterminée par la position angulaire de la came annuelle 56.Each time it presses on the small lever 67, the instantaneous actuator forces the jaws of the locking pliers 61 to open and release their pressure on the barrel wheel 74, so that the output wheel is briefly disengaged from the basic mobile. The barrel wheel is then free to pivot under the action of the correction lever 84 and its spring 86. The barrel wheel 74 then pivots until the roller of the correction lever comes to rest in the check mark. 82. It will be understood that the angular position of the output mobile at the moment when the lever stops in the ticking of the heart depends on the angular position of the small off-center support 90 which carries the correction lever 84. As the small off-center support is fixed to the toothed wheel 68 and the latter meshes with the cam follower 54, the angular position of the core is ultimately determined by the angular position of the annual cam 56.

Quelques instants après avoir libéré le mobile de sortie, l'actionneur instantané cesse d'appuyer sur le levier de commande 67 et les mâchoires de la pince 61 se referment sur la roue à canon 74 figeant pour les 12 prochaines heures le déphasage entre le mobile de base et le mobile de sortie. A ce propos, on comprendra que le déphasage entre les deux mobiles à l'instant où la pince 61 se referme sur la roue à canon 74 est déterminé, d'une part, par la position angulaire de la came annuelle 56, et d'autre part, par la position angulaire de la roue 70 du mobile de base à cet instant. La position angulaire de la roue 70 à l'instant où les moyens de blocage se referment, est donc critique pour le fonctionnement du mécanisme à débrayage de la présente invention. C'est la raison pour laquelle l'intervalle entre deux déclenchements du mécanisme à débrayage doit correspondre à un multiple entier de la période de révolution du mobile de base.Moments after having released the mobile output, the instantaneous actuator stops pressing the control lever 67 and the jaws of the clamp 61 are closed on the gun wheel 74 fixing for the next 12 hours the phase difference between the mobile basic and mobile output. In this regard, it will be understood that the phase shift between the two mobiles at the instant when the clamp 61 closes on the barrel wheel 74 is determined, on the one hand, by the angular position of the annual cam 56, and secondly, by the angular position of the wheel 70 of the base mobile at this moment. The angular position of the wheel 70 at the instant when the locking means are closed, is therefore critical for the operation of the disengaging mechanism of the present invention. This is the reason why the interval between two releases of the disengaging mechanism must correspond to an integer multiple of the period of revolution of the basic mobile.

Le mobile de sortie du mécanisme à débrayage 50 est agencé pour entraîner l'arbre d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire d'un train d'engrenages. Rappelons que, dans le présent exemple, le mobile de sortie du mécanisme à débrayage est constitué par la roue à canon 74 et la roue dentée 76 qui est montée sur le canon de la roue à canon, et que la seconde roue à canon 35 constitue l'arbre d'entraînement selon l'invention. Un train d'engrenages (non représenté sur les figures) est encore prévu pour relier la roue dentée 76 à la seconde roue à canon 35. Ce train d'engrenage peut être réalisé de toute manière connue de l'homme du métier. Il vaut la peine de remarquer toutefois que la roue dentée 76 accomplit normalement un tour en 12 heures, alors que la seconde roue à canon 35 est agencée pour accomplir un tour en 24 heures. Le train d'engrenages doit donc être un train d'engrenages réducteur avec un rapport d'engrenage égal à 1/2. De plus, selon le mode de réalisation illustré, l'axe polaire (X-X) est orienté parallèlement au cadran. Dans ces conditions, on comprendra en particulier que la première et la seconde roue à canon 31, 35 sont arrangées en position couchée. Il en résulte notamment que la seconde roue à canon 35 et la roue de sortie 76 du mécanisme à débrayage sont perpendiculaires. On peut donc prévoir dans le train d'engrenages susmentionné un engrenage conique pour permettre la liaison entre la roue dentée 76 et la seconde roue à canon 35.The output of the release mechanism 50 is arranged to drive the drive shaft via a gear train. Recall that in the present example, the movable output of the clutch mechanism is constituted by the barrel wheel 74 and the toothed wheel 76 which is mounted on the barrel of the barrel wheel, and that the second barrel wheel 35 constitutes the drive shaft according to the invention. A train gear (not shown in the figures) is further provided for connecting the gear wheel 76 to the second wheel gun 35. This gear train can be made in any manner known to those skilled in the art. It is worth noting, however, that gearwheel 76 normally performs one revolution in 12 hours, while second gearwheel 35 is arranged to accomplish one revolution in 24 hours. The gear train must therefore be a reduction gear train with a gear ratio equal to 1/2. In addition, according to the illustrated embodiment, the polar axis (XX) is oriented parallel to the dial. Under these conditions, it will be understood in particular that the first and the second wheel 31, 35 are arranged in a supine position. This results in particular that the second wheel 35 and the output wheel 76 of the disengaging mechanism are perpendicular. It is therefore possible to provide in the aforementioned gear train a bevel gear to allow the connection between the toothed wheel 76 and the second cannon wheel 35.

Claims (12)

  1. Timepiece comprising a timepiece movement and means for indicating the sunrise and sunset taking account of seasonal variations, said means comprising a sphere (17) reproducing the terrestrial globe, a support (25), and a circle (23) mounted on the support and arranged concentrically to the sphere, the circle being arranged to indicate the position of the Earth's terminator, the circle (23) and the sphere (17) being arranged to be able to pivot with respect to each other along two perpendicular axes (X-X, Y-Y), a first of the two axes, referred to as the polar axis (X-X), corresponding to the polar axis of the terrestrial globe, and the second axis, referred to as the ecliptic axis (Y-Y), intersecting the polar axis at the centre of the sphere (17), the circle (23) being free to rotate with respect to the support (25) about the ecliptic axis, the sunrise and sunset indicator means further comprising an annual cam (56) having a profile representative of the tilt of the Sun with respect to the equatorial plane and arranged to be driven in rotation by the movement at the rate of one revolution per year, a cam follower (54) arranged to cooperate with the cam, and a kinematic connection arranged to connect the cam follower to the circle such that the plane subtended by the circle forms, with the polar axis (X-X), an angle equal to the tilt angle of the Sun with respect to the equatorial plane, characterized in that:
    - the support (25) is arranged to be driven by the movement so as to rotate at a rate of one revolution per 24 hours about the polar axis (X-X) while driving the circle (23);
    - the sunrise and sunset indicator means comprise a drive shaft (35) concentric to the polar axis (X-X) and arranged to be driven in rotation at the same speed as the support (25), but angularly offset with respect to the support;
    - the kinematic connection between the cam follower (54) and the circle (23) comprises an uncoupling mechanism connected to the cam follower and to the drive shaft, and arranged such that the angular offset is representative of the tilt of the Sun with respect to the equatorial plane, the kinematic connection further comprising transmission means (39; 41) arranged such that a change in angular offset results in a corresponding change in the value of the angle between the plane subtended by the circle and the polar axis (X-X);
    - the kinematic connection between the cam follower (54) and the circle (23) is an intermittent connection, the uncoupling mechanism being arranged to periodically readjust the angular offset by forming a transient coupling between the drive shaft (35) and the cam follower.
  2. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to claim 1, characterized in that the uncoupling mechanism (50) is arranged to form the transient coupling between the drive shaft (35) and the cam follower (54), and concurrently to uncouple the drive shaft from the movement.
  3. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the timepiece comprises a dial (1), the polar axis (X-X) being oriented parallel to the plane of the dial, and in that the ecliptic axis (Y-Y) is comprised in a plane perpendicular to the polar axis and which corresponds to the equatorial plane of the terrestrial globe.
  4. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to any of claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the timepiece is a watch.
  5. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sunrise and sunset indicator means taking account of seasonal variations comprise a shell (27) arranged concentrically to the sphere (17) reproducing the terrestrial globe, the shell being arranged to demarcate one portion of the terrestrial globe where it is night from another portion where it is day, and in that the shell (27) has the general shape of a half-sphere and has an edge of generally circular shape, the edge forming the circle (23) arranged to indicate the position of the Earth's terminator.
  6. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to claim 5, characterized in that the ecliptic axis (Y-Y) is substantially collinear with a diameter of the circle, and in that the shell (27) carries two pivots extending the two ends of the diameter, the two pivots being respectively pivoted on first and second arms (33a, 33b) of the support (25).
  7. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to claim 6, characterized in that the edge of the shell (27) has two notches (43a, 43b) arranged in diametrically opposite positions midway between the two pivots.
  8. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the timepiece comprises a calendar mechanism arranged to indicate the date (13) and the month (11), and in that the annual cam (56) is kinematically connected to the calendar mechanism.
  9. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circle (23) is kinematically connected to the drive shaft (25) by a belt (41) or a chain.
  10. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the kinematic connection comprises a lever, one end of which forms the cam follower (54) and the other end of which carries a rack (58) meshing directly with an input (68) of the uncoupling mechanism (50).
  11. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second arms (33a, 33b) of the support (25) are pierced to increase the part of the surface of the terrestrial globe visible at a given time.
  12. Timepiece comprising sunrise and sunset indicator means according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and second arms (33a, 33b) of the support (25) are made of a transparent material to increase the part of the surface of the terrestrial globe visible at a given time.
EP14187982.5A 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe Active EP3007012B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14187982.5A EP3007012B1 (en) 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe
US14/862,382 US9335739B2 (en) 2014-10-07 2015-09-23 Timepiece able to indicate the sunrise or sunset anywhere in the world
CN201510640276.0A CN105487369B (en) 2014-10-07 2015-09-30 The clock and watch of sunrise or sunset under the sun can be indicated
RU2015142481A RU2015142481A (en) 2014-10-07 2015-10-06 CLOCK SHOWING THE SUNRISE OR THE SUNSET AT ANY POINT OF THE BALLOON
JP2015198318A JP6067814B2 (en) 2014-10-07 2015-10-06 A timer that can display the sun or sunset of any place in the world
HK16107512.6A HK1219544A1 (en) 2014-10-07 2016-06-28 Timepiece able to indicate the sunrise or sunset anywhere in the world

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14187982.5A EP3007012B1 (en) 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3007012A1 EP3007012A1 (en) 2016-04-13
EP3007012B1 true EP3007012B1 (en) 2017-08-16

Family

ID=51659589

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14187982.5A Active EP3007012B1 (en) 2014-10-07 2014-10-07 Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US9335739B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3007012B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6067814B2 (en)
CN (1) CN105487369B (en)
HK (1) HK1219544A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2015142481A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3339972B1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2020-01-01 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Timepiece comprising a day/night display taking into account seasonal variations
EP3339971B1 (en) 2016-12-23 2019-08-28 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Timepiece comprising a day/night display taking into account seasonal variations
CH713581A2 (en) * 2017-03-17 2018-09-28 Montres Jaquet Droz Sa Timepiece comprising an automaton capable of reproducing wing beats.
EP3410232B1 (en) * 2017-05-29 2021-07-21 Montres Breguet S.A. Clock mechanism
JP1625435S (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-02-25

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EP2503407B1 (en) 2011-03-23 2017-06-28 Montres Breguet SA Timepiece movement comprising an instant actuator controlled by the movement
CH705722B1 (en) * 2011-11-02 2016-03-15 Gfpi S A Timepiece.
EP2911013B1 (en) * 2014-02-20 2017-04-05 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe
EP2977832B1 (en) * 2014-07-23 2017-08-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Timepiece capable of indicating the sunrise or sunset at any point on the globe

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1219544A1 (en) 2017-04-07
EP3007012A1 (en) 2016-04-13
US9335739B2 (en) 2016-05-10
CN105487369A (en) 2016-04-13
US20160098012A1 (en) 2016-04-07
JP6067814B2 (en) 2017-01-25
JP2016075685A (en) 2016-05-12
CN105487369B (en) 2018-01-26
RU2015142481A (en) 2017-04-10

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