EP3005476A1 - Compact multi-level antenna - Google Patents

Compact multi-level antenna

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Publication number
EP3005476A1
EP3005476A1 EP14727501.0A EP14727501A EP3005476A1 EP 3005476 A1 EP3005476 A1 EP 3005476A1 EP 14727501 A EP14727501 A EP 14727501A EP 3005476 A1 EP3005476 A1 EP 3005476A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating element
ground plane
portions
compact multi
antenna according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14727501.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3005476B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Coupez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IMT Atlantique Bretagne
Original Assignee
IMT Atlantique Bretagne
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IMT Atlantique Bretagne filed Critical IMT Atlantique Bretagne
Publication of EP3005476A1 publication Critical patent/EP3005476A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3005476B1 publication Critical patent/EP3005476B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to radio frequency antennas including those that can be embedded in portable telecommunications devices.
  • the antenna is an essential element of a portable telecommunication device.
  • the metallic patterns in these structures typically have fractional dimensions of the operating wavelength (eg, half-wave structure, quarter-wave structure, etc.) so that they still remain clutter-free. particularly important.
  • the invention proposes a compact antenna solution that is easily achievable.
  • the invention proposes a compact multi-level antenna comprising: a ground plane; a radiating element comprising n> 2 portions extending in n> 2 parallel planes in a planar pattern, the planes defining a volume above the ground plane, the radiating element comprising a first end connected to the ground plane and a second end ending in an open circuit.
  • the portions are arranged in planes parallel to each other parallel to the ground plane;
  • the portions are arranged in planes parallel to each other perpendicular to the ground plane;
  • the radiating element comprises portions of radiating elements for connecting the portions extending in parallel planes, the radiating element thus forming in side slices of the volume defined by the planes;
  • an excitation probe capable of supplying the antenna, the excitation probe comprising a central core connected to the radiating element and an external conductor connected to the ground plane;
  • planar pattern according to which the portion extends is selected from the following group: meanders, spiral, sinusoid, teeth, chevrons;
  • the radiating element comprises between 2 and 10 portions, typically 5 portions; the radiating element is a wire of section between 0.1 mm 2 and 5 mm 2 , typically 1 mm 2 ;
  • the radiating element is a metal strip of fixed or variable width continuously or in stages with increasing this width from the first end to the second end, said width being between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, typically 2.5 mm for a fixed width and thickness between 10 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , typically 50 ⁇ ;
  • the structure of the antenna is simple because of the use of a radiating element which is folded.
  • the folded radiating element gives the antenna a compact structure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 5a to 5e illustrate various form factors for the radiating element
  • a compact multi-level antenna according to a first embodiment comprises a ground plane 10 and a radiating element 20 disposed above a ground plane 10.
  • the planes define a volume V above the ground plane 10.
  • Each portion 21, 22, 23 is connected to the portion of the plane immediately above and / or below.
  • the radiating element 20 further comprises a first end 2 connected to the ground plane 10 and a second end 2 'which terminates in an open circuit.
  • the radiating element comprises, in addition to the portions, several segments 200 (n sections) of radiating elements for interconnecting the portions that extend in the parallel planes.
  • each section 200 provides the electrical connections between each portion 21, 22, 23 of radiating element.
  • the radiating element 20 is in one piece and the dimensions of the different portions 21, 22, 23 are such that the electrical character of inductive nature is preferred.
  • an excitation probe 100 (coaxial type) comprising a central core 102 connected to the radiating element 20 and an external conductor 101 connected to the ground plane 10.
  • the radiating element may be a wire of section between 0.1 mm 2 and 5 mm 2 , typically 1 mm 2 .
  • the radiating element may be a metal strip of width, fixed or variable continuously or in stages with increasing this width from the first end 2 to the second end 2 ', between 0.5 mm and 10 mm. mm, typically 2.5 mm for a fixed width and thickness between 10 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , typically 50 ⁇ .
  • the ribbon can be obtained by cutting or etching a metal film.
  • each radiating element portion 20 has a meandering planar pattern.
  • the planes define a volume V above the ground plane 10.
  • the radiating element 30 comprises a first end 3 connected directly to the ground plane 10 and a second end 3 'which terminates in an open circuit.
  • the radiating element 30 comprises, in addition to the portions, several sections 300 (n sections) of radiating elements for interconnecting the portions. which extend in parallel planes.
  • each section 300 provides the electrical connections between each portion 31, 32, 33 of radiating element.
  • the planes define a volume V above the ground plane 10.
  • the radiating element 40 comprises a first end 4 connected directly to the ground plane 10 and a second end 4 'which terminates in an open circuit.
  • the portions extend according to the following alternation: a first plane 510 perpendicular to the ground plane 10, a second plane 520 perpendicular to the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the first plane 510, a third parallel plane 530 at the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the first 510 and second planes 520, a fourth plane 540 perpendicular to the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the third plane 530, a fifth plane 550 parallel to the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the fourth plane 540.
  • the radiating element 50 comprises a first end 5 connected directly to the ground plane 10 and a second end 5 'which terminates in an open circuit.
  • the radiating element 50 consists in particular of portions in the form of meanders.
  • the total length of the radiating element as well as the shape of each portion make it possible to adjust the value of the operating frequency of the compact multi-level antenna.
  • planar pattern according to which the portion extends is selected from the following group: meanders (see Fig. 5a), teeth (see Fig. 5b), sinusoid (see Fig. 5c), spiral (see Fig. 5d), or rafters (see Figure 5e). More generally, all the geometries providing a small footprint of the compact multi-level antenna can be envisaged.
  • each portion is folded to provide the desired form factor (meanders, spiral, teeth, sinew, or chevrons).
  • the spaces between the successive empty planes can be filled by dielectric materials, which, in a privileged manner, will be selected with relative permittivities of very low value, a priori as close as possible to 1, and dielectric losses as small as possible (tg ( ⁇ ) "0).
  • An antenna according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 has been realized and tested.
  • the measured operating frequency is 151.0 MHz, with an adjustment level of less than -20 dB at this frequency, for a reference impedance value of 50 ⁇ .
  • the width of the bandwidth (for a value of the adaptation level less than -10 dB) is, in this case, of the order of 1.8 MHz.
  • This radiating element is, moreover, contained in a parallelepipedal volume of dimensions 50x50x22mm 3 . Given the operating frequency of 151.0 MHz, the largest dimension of the antenna (a value of 50mm) is then of the order of ⁇ / 40, which leads to extreme compactness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a compact multi-level antenna including: a ground plane; a radiating element including n≥2 portions extending in n≥2 parallel planes in a planar pattern, the planes defining a volume above the ground plane, the radiating element including a first end connected to the ground plane and a second end ending with an open circuit.

Description

ANTENNE COMPACTE MULTI-NIVEAUX  COMPACT MULTI-LEVEL ANTENNA
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE GENERAL GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD
L'invention est relative aux antennes radio-fréquences notamment de celles pouvant être embarquées dans des dispositifs de télécommunications portables.  The invention relates to radio frequency antennas including those that can be embedded in portable telecommunications devices.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE STATE OF THE ART
L'antenne est un élément incontournable d'un dispositif de télécommunication portable.  The antenna is an essential element of a portable telecommunication device.
Le développement des applications radio mobiles ainsi que le développement de nouvelles normes de télécommunications impliquent de disposer d'antennes susceptibles d'être embarquées sur différents types de matériels.  The development of mobile radio applications as well as the development of new telecommunications standards implies having antennas that can be embedded on different types of equipment.
On cherche donc des solutions d'antennes particulièrement performantes en taille, volume et poids.  We are therefore looking for antenna solutions that perform particularly well in size, volume and weight.
On connaît classiquement des solutions d'antennes dites antennes « patch », à structures rayonnantes métalliques planes. On connaît notamment des antennes « patch » repliées ou encore des antennes « patch » à fentes.  Conventional antenna solutions known as "patch" antennas with flat metal radiating structures are conventionally known. Folded "patch" antennas or slot "patch" antennas are particularly known.
Toutefois, les motifs métalliques dans ces structures ont typiquement des dimensions fractions de la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement (par exemple, structure demi- onde, structure quart d'onde, etc.) de sorte qu'elles restent encore d'un encombrement particulièrement important.  However, the metallic patterns in these structures typically have fractional dimensions of the operating wavelength (eg, half-wave structure, quarter-wave structure, etc.) so that they still remain clutter-free. particularly important.
PRESENTATION DE L'INVENTION PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
L'invention propose une solution d'antenne compacte et qui est facilement réalisable.  The invention proposes a compact antenna solution that is easily achievable.
A cet effet, l'invention propose une antenne compacte multi-niveaux comprenant : un plan de masse ; un élément rayonnant comprenant n>2 portions s'étendant dans n>2 plans parallèles selon un motif planaire, les plans définissant un volume au-dessus du plan de masse, l'élément rayonnant comprenant une première extrémité connectée au plan de masse et une seconde extrémité se terminant par un circuit ouvert.  For this purpose, the invention proposes a compact multi-level antenna comprising: a ground plane; a radiating element comprising n> 2 portions extending in n> 2 parallel planes in a planar pattern, the planes defining a volume above the ground plane, the radiating element comprising a first end connected to the ground plane and a second end ending in an open circuit.
L'invention est avantageusement complétée par les caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en une quelconque de leur combinaison techniquement possible :  The invention is advantageously completed by the following features, taken alone or in any of their technically possible combination:
les portions sont disposées dans des plans parallèles entre eux parallèles au plan de masse ;  the portions are arranged in planes parallel to each other parallel to the ground plane;
les portions sont disposées dans des plans parallèles entre eux perpendiculaires au plan de masse ; l'élément rayonnant comprend plusieurs tronçons d'éléments rayonnants connectant entre elles les portions, un tronçon étant connecté entre le plan de masse et la n=l'ere portion ; the portions are arranged in planes parallel to each other perpendicular to the ground plane; the radiating element comprises a plurality of sections of radiating elements connecting together the portions, one portion being connected between the ground plane and n = the ere portion;
l'élément rayonnant comprend des portions d'éléments rayonnants pour connecter les portions s'étendant dans des plans parallèles, l'élément rayonnant s'inscrivant ainsi dans des tranches latérales du volume défini par les plans ;  the radiating element comprises portions of radiating elements for connecting the portions extending in parallel planes, the radiating element thus forming in side slices of the volume defined by the planes;
- elle comprend une sonde d'excitation apte à alimenter l'antenne, la sonde d'excitation comprenant une âme centrale connectée à l'élément rayonnant et un conducteur externe connectée au plan de masse ;  it comprises an excitation probe capable of supplying the antenna, the excitation probe comprising a central core connected to the radiating element and an external conductor connected to the ground plane;
le motif planaire selon lequel s'étend la portion est choisi parmi le groupe suivant : méandres, spirale, sinusoïde, dents, chevrons ;  the planar pattern according to which the portion extends is selected from the following group: meanders, spiral, sinusoid, teeth, chevrons;
l'élément rayonnant comprend entre 2 et 10 portions, typiquement 5 portions ; l'élément rayonnant est un fil métallique de section comprise entre 0,1 mm2 et 5 mm2, typiquement 1 mm2 ; the radiating element comprises between 2 and 10 portions, typically 5 portions; the radiating element is a wire of section between 0.1 mm 2 and 5 mm 2 , typically 1 mm 2 ;
l'élément rayonnant est un ruban métallique de largeur fixe ou variable continûment ou par paliers avec augmentation de cette largeur en allant de la première extrémité vers la seconde extrémité, ladite largeur étant comprise entre 0,5 mm et 10 mm, typiquement 2,5 mm pour une largeur fixe et d'épaisseur comprise entre 10 μΐη et 500 μΐη, typiquement 50μΐη ;  the radiating element is a metal strip of fixed or variable width continuously or in stages with increasing this width from the first end to the second end, said width being between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, typically 2.5 mm for a fixed width and thickness between 10 μΐη and 500 μΐη, typically 50μΐη;
Les avantages de l'invention sont multiples.  The advantages of the invention are manifold.
La structure de l'antenne est simple du fait de l'utilisation d'un élément rayonnant qui est replié.  The structure of the antenna is simple because of the use of a radiating element which is folded.
L'élément rayonnant replié confère à l'antenne une structure compacte.  The folded radiating element gives the antenna a compact structure.
Le positionnement de la ligne d'excitation, la longueur de l'élément rayonnant étant réglables confèrent à l'antenne un réglage simple des performances.  The positioning of the excitation line, the length of the radiating element being adjustable, confer on the antenna a simple adjustment of the performances.
PRESENTATION DES FIGURES PRESENTATION OF FIGURES
D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui suit, qui est purement illustrative et non limitative, et qui doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :  Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, which is purely illustrative and nonlimiting, and which should be read with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 illustre une antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  FIG. 1 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a first embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 2 illustre une antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la figure 3 illustre une antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; FIG. 2 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a second embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a third embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 4 illustre une antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon un quatrième de mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  FIG. 4 illustrates a compact multi-level antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
- les figures 5a à 5e illustrent différents facteurs de forme pour l'élément rayonnant ;  FIGS. 5a to 5e illustrate various form factors for the radiating element;
Sur l'ensemble des figures, les éléments similaires portent des références identiques.  In all the figures, similar elements bear identical references.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
En relation avec la figure 1 une antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon un premier mode de réalisation comprend un plan de masse 10 et un élément rayonnant 20 disposé au-dessus d'un plan de masse 10. In relation with FIG. 1, a compact multi-level antenna according to a first embodiment comprises a ground plane 10 and a radiating element 20 disposed above a ground plane 10.
Afin d'avoir une antenne présentant un volume réduit, l'élément rayonnant 20 comprend n>2 (n=3) portions 21, 22, 23 qui s'étendent dans n>2 (n=3) plans parallèles 210, 220, 230 selon un motif planaire. Les plans définissent un volume V au-dessus du plan de masse 10.  In order to have an antenna having a reduced volume, the radiating element 20 comprises n> 2 (n = 3) portions 21, 22, 23 which extend in n> 2 (n = 3) parallel planes 210, 220, 230 according to a planar pattern. The planes define a volume V above the ground plane 10.
Chaque portion 21, 22, 23 est connectée à la portion du plan immédiatement supérieur et/ou inférieur.  Each portion 21, 22, 23 is connected to the portion of the plane immediately above and / or below.
L'élément rayonnant 20 comprend en outre une première extrémité 2 connectée au plan de masse 10 et une seconde extrémité 2' qui se termine en circuit ouvert.  The radiating element 20 further comprises a first end 2 connected to the ground plane 10 and a second end 2 'which terminates in an open circuit.
Afin d'interconnecter les différentes portions entre elles, l'élément rayonnant comprend, outre les portions, plusieurs tronçons 200 (n tronçons) d'éléments rayonnants pour connecter entre elles les portions qui s'étendent dans les plans parallèles. Un tronçon est connecté entre le plan de masse 10 et la n= l'ere portion d'élément rayonnant. Ainsi, chaque tronçon 200 assure les liaisons électriques entre chaque portion 21, 22, 23 d'élément rayonnant. In order to interconnect the different portions with one another, the radiating element comprises, in addition to the portions, several segments 200 (n sections) of radiating elements for interconnecting the portions that extend in the parallel planes. A section is connected between the ground plane 10 and n = the era of radiator portion. Thus, each section 200 provides the electrical connections between each portion 21, 22, 23 of radiating element.
Comme on l'aura compris, l'élément rayonnant 20 est d'un seul tenant et les dimensions des différentes portions 21, 22, 23 sont telles que le caractère électrique de nature inductive est privilégié.  As will be understood, the radiating element 20 is in one piece and the dimensions of the different portions 21, 22, 23 are such that the electrical character of inductive nature is preferred.
Pour alimenter l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux, celle-ci comprend une sonde d'excitation 100 (de type coaxiale) comprenant une âme centrale 102 connectée à l'élément rayonnant 20 et un conducteur externe 101 connectée au plan de masse 10. En particulier l'âme centrale 102 de la sonde d'excitation est connectée en un point P de la n=lere portion 21 d'élément rayonnant 20. Le choix de la position relative du point P vis-à-vis de la connexion au plan de masse 10 de l'élément rayonnant 20 par l'intermédiaire de la première extrémité 2 permet de régler facilement la valeur du niveau d'adaptation de l'antenne. To power the multi-level compact antenna, it comprises an excitation probe 100 (coaxial type) comprising a central core 102 connected to the radiating element 20 and an external conductor 101 connected to the ground plane 10. In in particular, the central core 102 of the excitation probe is connected at a point P of the n = 1st radiator element portion 20. The choice of the relative position of the point P with respect to the connection to the ground plane 10 of the radiating element 20 via the first end 2 makes it possible to easily adjust the value of the adaptation level of the 'antenna.
L'élément rayonnant peut être un fil métallique de section comprise entre 0,1 mm2 et 5 mm2, typiquement 1 mm2. The radiating element may be a wire of section between 0.1 mm 2 and 5 mm 2 , typically 1 mm 2 .
De manière alternative, l'élément rayonnant peut être un ruban métallique de largeur, fixe ou variable continûment ou par paliers avec augmentation de cette largeur en allant de la première extrémité 2 vers la seconde extrémité 2', comprise entre 0,5 mm et 10 mm, typiquement 2,5 mm pour une largeur fixe et d'épaisseur comprise entre 10 μΐη et 500 μΐη, typiquement 50μΐη. Dans ce cas le ruban peut être obtenu par découpe ou gravure d'un film métallique.  Alternatively, the radiating element may be a metal strip of width, fixed or variable continuously or in stages with increasing this width from the first end 2 to the second end 2 ', between 0.5 mm and 10 mm. mm, typically 2.5 mm for a fixed width and thickness between 10 μΐη and 500 μΐη, typically 50μΐη. In this case the ribbon can be obtained by cutting or etching a metal film.
Selon le premier mode de réalisation de la figure 1, les portions sont disposées dans des plans parallèles entre eux parallèles au plan de masse 10 et chaque portion d'élément rayonnant 20 a un motif planaire en forme de méandres.  According to the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the portions are arranged in planes parallel to each other parallel to the ground plane 10 and each radiating element portion 20 has a meandering planar pattern.
Ainsi, l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux de la figure 1 a un élément rayonnant constitué de portions en forme de méandres empilées sur n=3 niveaux horizontaux (chaque niveau correspond à un plan).  Thus, the multilevel compact antenna of FIG. 1 has a radiating element consisting of meander-shaped portions stacked on n = 3 horizontal levels (each level corresponds to a plane).
Selon un second mode de réalisation, illustré sur la figure 2, l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux comprend un élément rayonnant 30 comprenant n=3 portions 31, 32, 33 s'étendant sur n=3 plans parallèles horizontaux 310, 320, 330 par rapport au plan de masse (parallèles au plan de masse 10) selon un motif planaire en forme de spirale. Les plans définissent un volume V au-dessus du plan de masse 10.  According to a second embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 2, the compact multi-level antenna comprises a radiating element 30 comprising n = 3 portions 31, 32, 33 extending over n = 3 horizontal parallel planes 310, 320, 330 relative to the ground plane (parallel to the ground plane 10) in a spiral planar pattern. The planes define a volume V above the ground plane 10.
En outre, l'élément rayonnant 30 comprend une première extrémité 3 connectée directement au plan de masse 10 et une seconde extrémité 3' qui se termine en circuit ouvert.  In addition, the radiating element 30 comprises a first end 3 connected directly to the ground plane 10 and a second end 3 'which terminates in an open circuit.
Ainsi, l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux de la figure 2 comprend un élément rayonnant constitué de portions en forme de spirales empilées sur n=3 niveaux horizontaux (chaque niveau correspond à un plan).  Thus, the compact multi-level antenna of Figure 2 comprises a radiating element consisting of spiral-shaped portions stacked on n = 3 horizontal levels (each level corresponds to a plane).
De la même manière que dans le premier mode de réalisation, afin d'interconnecter les différentes portions entre elles, l'élément rayonnant 30 comprend, outre les portions, plusieurs tronçons 300 (n tronçons) d'éléments rayonnants pour connecter entre elles les portions qui s'étendent dans les plans parallèles. Un tronçon est connecté entre le plan de masse 10 et la n=l'ere portion d'élément rayonnant. Ainsi, chaque tronçon 300 assure les liaisons électriques entre chaque portion 31, 32, 33 d'élément rayonnant. Selon un troisième mode de réalisation, illustré sur la figure 3, l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux comprend un élément rayonnant 40 comprenant n=5 portions 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 s'étendant sur n=5 plans parallèles verticaux 410, 420, 430, 440, 450 par rapport au plan de masse (perpendiculaires au plan de masse 10) selon un motif planaire en forme de méandres. Les plans définissent un volume V au-dessus du plan de masse 10. In the same way as in the first embodiment, in order to interconnect the different portions together, the radiating element 30 comprises, in addition to the portions, several sections 300 (n sections) of radiating elements for interconnecting the portions. which extend in parallel planes. A section is connected between the ground plane 10 and n = the era of radiator portion. Thus, each section 300 provides the electrical connections between each portion 31, 32, 33 of radiating element. According to a third embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 3, the multi-level compact antenna comprises a radiating element 40 comprising n = 5 portions 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 extending over n = 5 vertical parallel planes 410 , 420, 430, 440, 450 relative to the ground plane (perpendicular to the ground plane 10) in a meandering planar pattern. The planes define a volume V above the ground plane 10.
En outre, l'élément rayonnant 40 comprend une première extrémité 4 connectée directement au plan de masse 10 et une seconde extrémité 4' qui se termine en circuit ouvert.  In addition, the radiating element 40 comprises a first end 4 connected directly to the ground plane 10 and a second end 4 'which terminates in an open circuit.
Ainsi, l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux de la figure 3 comprend un élément rayonnant 40 constitué de portions en forme de méandres s'étendant sur n=5 niveaux verticaux par rapport au plan de masse et parallèles entre eux (chaque niveau correspond à un plan).  Thus, the multilevel compact antenna of FIG. 3 comprises a radiating element 40 consisting of meander-shaped portions extending over n = 5 vertical levels with respect to the ground plane and parallel to each other (each level corresponds to one plan).
De la même manière que dans les premier et second modes de réalisation, afin d'interconnecter les différentes portions entre elles, l'élément rayonnant 40 comprend, outre les portions, plusieurs tronçons 400 (n tronçons) d'éléments rayonnants pour connecter entre elles les portions qui s'étendent dans les plans parallèles. Un tronçon est connecté entre le plan de masse 10 et la n=l'ere portion d'élément rayonnant. Ainsi, chaque tronçon 400 assure les liaisons électriques entre chaque portion 41, 42, 43, 44, 45d'élément rayonnant. In the same way as in the first and second embodiments, in order to interconnect the different portions with one another, the radiating element 40 comprises, in addition to the portions, several segments 400 (n sections) of radiating elements for connecting together. the portions that extend in parallel planes. A section is connected between the ground plane 10 and n = the era of radiator portion. Thus, each section 400 provides the electrical connections between each portion 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 of radiating element.
Selon un quatrième mode de réalisation, illustré sur la figure 4, l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux comprend un élément rayonnant 50 comprenant n=5 portions 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 s'étendant sur n=5 plans définissant un volume V au-dessus du plan de masse 10.  According to a fourth embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 4, the multi-level compact antenna comprises a radiating element 50 comprising n = 5 portions 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 extending over n = 5 planes defining a volume V above the ground plane 10.
Selon ce mode de réalisation, les portions s'étendent selon l'alternance suivante : un premier plan 510 perpendiculaire au plan de masse 10, un second plan 520 perpendiculaire au plan de masse 10 et perpendiculaire au premier plan 510, un troisième plan 530 parallèle au plan de masse 10 et perpendiculaire aux premier 510 et second plans 520, un quatrième plan 540 perpendiculaire au plan de masse 10 et perpendiculaire au troisième plan 530, un cinquième plan 550 parallèle au plan de masse 10 et perpendiculaire au quatrième plan 540.  According to this embodiment, the portions extend according to the following alternation: a first plane 510 perpendicular to the ground plane 10, a second plane 520 perpendicular to the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the first plane 510, a third parallel plane 530 at the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the first 510 and second planes 520, a fourth plane 540 perpendicular to the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the third plane 530, a fifth plane 550 parallel to the ground plane 10 and perpendicular to the fourth plane 540.
En outre, l'élément rayonnant 50 comprend une première extrémité 5 connectée directement au plan de masse 10 et une seconde extrémité 5' qui se termine en circuit ouvert.  In addition, the radiating element 50 comprises a first end 5 connected directly to the ground plane 10 and a second end 5 'which terminates in an open circuit.
L'élément rayonnant 50 est notamment constitué de portions en forme de méandres.  The radiating element 50 consists in particular of portions in the form of meanders.
Dans ce quatrième mode de réalisation et contrairement aux autres modes de réalisation précédemment décrits, il n'y a pas de tronçons connectant les différentes portions s'étendant dans les plans parallèles mais ce sont des portions d'éléments rayonnants qui connectent ces différentes portions selon le même motif planaire, ici en forme de méandres. In this fourth embodiment and unlike the other embodiments described above, there are no sections connecting the different portions. extending in the parallel planes but they are portions of radiating elements which connect these different portions in the same planar pattern, here in the form of meanders.
Dans chacun des modes de réalisation ci-dessus décrit, la longueur totale de l'élément rayonnant ainsi que la forme de chaque portion permettent d'ajuster la valeur de la fréquence de fonctionnement de l'antenne compacte multi-niveaux.  In each of the embodiments described above, the total length of the radiating element as well as the shape of each portion make it possible to adjust the value of the operating frequency of the compact multi-level antenna.
Le motif planaire selon lequel s'étend la portion est choisi parmi le groupe suivant : méandres (voir la figure 5a), dents (voir la figure 5b), sinusoïde (voir la figure 5c), spirale (voir la figure 5d), ou chevrons (voir la figure 5e). De manière plus générale, toutes les géométries assurant un encombrement réduit de l'antenne compacte multi- niveaux peuvent être envisagées.  The planar pattern according to which the portion extends is selected from the following group: meanders (see Fig. 5a), teeth (see Fig. 5b), sinusoid (see Fig. 5c), spiral (see Fig. 5d), or rafters (see Figure 5e). More generally, all the geometries providing a small footprint of the compact multi-level antenna can be envisaged.
Dans chacun des modes de réalisation, chaque portion est repliée pour lui donner le facteur de forme souhaité (méandres, spirale, dents, sinusoïde ou chevrons).  In each of the embodiments, each portion is folded to provide the desired form factor (meanders, spiral, teeth, sinew, or chevrons).
De manière alternative, dans chacun des modes de réalisation ci-dessus décrit, les espaces compris entre les plans successifs vides peuvent être comblés par des matériaux diélectriques, qui, de manière privilégiée, seront sélectionnés avec des permittivités relatives de très faible valeur, a priori les plus proches possibles de 1, et des pertes diélectriques également les plus petites possibles (tg(ô) « 0).  Alternatively, in each of the embodiments described above, the spaces between the successive empty planes can be filled by dielectric materials, which, in a privileged manner, will be selected with relative permittivities of very low value, a priori as close as possible to 1, and dielectric losses as small as possible (tg (δ) "0).
Exemple de réalisation Example of realization
Une antenne conforme au premier mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 1, a été réalisée et expérimentée.  An antenna according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 has been realized and tested.
La fréquence de fonctionnement mesurée est de 151,0 MHz, avec un niveau d'adaptation inférieur à -20 dB à cette fréquence, et cela pour une valeur d'impédance de référence de 50 Ω. La largeur de la bande passante (pour une valeur du niveau d'adaptation inférieure à -lOdB) est, dans ce cas, de l'ordre de 1,8MHz. Cet élément rayonnant est, en outre, contenu dans un volume parallélépipédique de dimensions 50x50x22mm3. Etant donné la fréquence de fonctionnement de 151,0 MHz, la plus grande dimension de l'antenne (d'une valeur de 50mm) est alors de l'ordre de λ/40, ce qui conduit à une extrême compacité. The measured operating frequency is 151.0 MHz, with an adjustment level of less than -20 dB at this frequency, for a reference impedance value of 50 Ω. The width of the bandwidth (for a value of the adaptation level less than -10 dB) is, in this case, of the order of 1.8 MHz. This radiating element is, moreover, contained in a parallelepipedal volume of dimensions 50x50x22mm 3 . Given the operating frequency of 151.0 MHz, the largest dimension of the antenna (a value of 50mm) is then of the order of λ / 40, which leads to extreme compactness.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux comprenant : A compact multi-level antenna comprising:
un plan de masse (10) ;  a ground plane (10);
un élément rayonnant (20, 30, 40, 50) comprenant n>2 portions (21, 22, 23, 31, 32, 33, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 53, 55) s'étendant dans n>2 plans (210, 220, 230, 310, 320, 330, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 530, 550) parallèles selon un motif planaire, les plans définissant un volume (V) au-dessus du plan de masse (10) , l'élément rayonnant (20, 30, 40, 50) comprenant une première extrémité (2, 3, 4, 5) connectée au plan de masse (10) et une seconde extrémité (2', 3', 4', 5') se terminant par un circuit ouvert.  a radiating element (20, 30, 40, 50) comprising n> 2 portions (21, 22, 23, 31, 32, 33, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 53, 55) extending in n> 2 planes (210, 220, 230, 310, 320, 330, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 530, 550) parallel in a planar pattern, the planes defining a volume (V) above the ground plane (10), the radiating element (20, 30, 40, 50) comprising a first end (2, 3, 4, 5) connected to the ground plane (10) and a second end (2 ', 3', 4) ', 5') ending in an open circuit.
2. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les portions sont disposées dans des plans parallèles entre eux parallèles au plan de masse. 2. Compact multi-level antenna according to claim 1, wherein the portions are disposed in parallel planes parallel to the ground plane.
3. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les portions sont disposées dans des plans parallèles entre eux perpendiculaires au plan de masse. 3. A compact multi-level antenna according to claim 1, wherein the portions are disposed in planes parallel to each other perpendicular to the ground plane.
4. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément rayonnant comprend plusieurs tronçons (200, 300, 400) d'éléments rayonnant connectant entre elles les portions, un tronçon étant connecté entre le plan de masse (10) et la n=l'ere portion. 4. A compact multi-level antenna according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiating element comprises a plurality of sections (200, 300, 400) of radiating elements interconnecting the portions, a section being connected between the ground plane. (10) and n = l 'ere portion.
5. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'élément rayonnant comprend des portions (510, 520, 540) d'éléments rayonnants pour connecter les portions s'étendant dans des plans parallèles, l'élément rayonnant s'inscrivant ainsi dans des tranches latérales du volume (V) défini par les plans. A compact multi-level antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating element comprises portions (510, 520, 540) of radiating elements for connecting the portions extending in parallel planes, the radiating element thus registering in lateral slices of the volume (V) defined by the plans.
6. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant une sonde d'excitation (100) apte à alimenter l'antenne, la sonde d'excitation comprenant une âme centrale (102) connectée à l'élément rayonnant (20, 30, 40, 50) et un conducteur externe (101) connectée au plan de masse (10). Compact multi-level antenna according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an excitation probe (100) able to feed the antenna, the excitation probe comprising a central core (102) connected to the radiating element ( 20, 30, 40, 50) and an outer conductor (101) connected to the ground plane (10).
7. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le motif planaire selon lequel s'étend la portion est choisi parmi le groupe suivant : méandres, spirale, sinusoïde, dents, chevrons. 7. Compact multi-level antenna according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the planar pattern according to which the portion extends is selected from the following group: meanders, spiral, sinusoid, teeth, rafters.
8. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément rayonnant comprend entre 2 et 10 portions, typiquement 5 portions. 8. Compact multi-level antenna according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiating element comprises between 2 and 10 portions, typically 5 portions.
9. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément rayonnant est un fil métallique de section comprise entre 0,1 mm2 et 5 mm2, typiquement 1 mm2. 9. A compact multi-level antenna according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiating element is a wire of section between 0.1 mm 2 and 5 mm 2 , typically 1 mm 2 .
10. Antenne compacte multi-niveaux selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément rayonnant est un ruban métallique de largeur fixe ou variable continûment ou par paliers avec augmentation de cette largeur en allant de la première extrémité vers la seconde extrémité, ladite largeur étant comprise entre 0,5 mm et 10 mm, typiquement 2,5 mm pour une largeur fixe et d'épaisseur comprise entre 10 μΐη et 500 μΐη, typiquement 50μΐη. Multi-level compact antenna according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiating element is a metal strip of fixed or variable width continuously or in stages with an increase in this width from the first end to the second end, said width being between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, typically 2.5 mm for a fixed width and thickness between 10 μΐη and 500 μΐη, typically 50μΐη.
EP14727501.0A 2013-05-31 2014-05-30 Multilayer compact antenna Active EP3005476B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1355019A FR3006503B1 (en) 2013-05-31 2013-05-31 COMPACT MULTI-LEVEL ANTENNA
PCT/EP2014/061266 WO2014191554A1 (en) 2013-05-31 2014-05-30 Compact multi-level antenna

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EP3005476B1 EP3005476B1 (en) 2021-07-14

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KR (1) KR102161976B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105659433B (en)
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CN107732420B (en) * 2017-10-27 2024-03-08 景昱医疗科技（苏州）股份有限公司 Antenna, implantable medical device and implantable medical system
EP3503294A1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-26 Institut Mines Telecom - IMT Atlantique - Bretagne - Pays de la Loire Configurable multiband antenna arrangement with a multielement structure and design method thereof

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ES2314295T3 (en) * 2003-02-19 2009-03-16 Fractus S.A. MINIATURE ANTENNA THAT HAS A VOLUMETRIC STRUCTURE.
US6856288B2 (en) * 2003-04-28 2005-02-15 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Ferrite loaded meander line loaded antenna
US7525489B2 (en) * 2004-12-07 2009-04-28 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Digital video broadcast-handheld (DVB-H) antennas for wireless terminals
US7671706B2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2010-03-02 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd High frequency multilayer bandpass filter
US20130120200A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2013-05-16 Ethertronics, Inc Multi leveled active antenna configuration for multiband mimo lte system
WO2011118379A1 (en) * 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 株式会社村田製作所 Rfid system
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CN103022731A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-04-03 北京中欧美经济技术发展中心 Multi-frequency circularly polarized stacked micro-strip antenna

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US20160104933A1 (en) 2016-04-14
KR20160051694A (en) 2016-05-11
US10069198B2 (en) 2018-09-04
WO2014191554A1 (en) 2014-12-04
FR3006503B1 (en) 2017-02-24
FR3006503A1 (en) 2014-12-05
CN105659433A (en) 2016-06-08
HK1223197A1 (en) 2017-07-21
EP3005476B1 (en) 2021-07-14
KR102161976B1 (en) 2020-10-06
CN105659433B (en) 2019-03-15

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