EP3000109B1 - Acoustic device capable of producing active noise reduction - Google Patents
Acoustic device capable of producing active noise reduction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3000109B1 EP3000109B1 EP14729245.2A EP14729245A EP3000109B1 EP 3000109 B1 EP3000109 B1 EP 3000109B1 EP 14729245 A EP14729245 A EP 14729245A EP 3000109 B1 EP3000109 B1 EP 3000109B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transfer function
- acoustic
- noise reduction
- user
- bone conduction
- Prior art date
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- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000003027 ear inner Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000000883 ear external Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000959 ear middle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000005534 acoustic noise Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000860 cochlear nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
- G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3055—Transfer function of the acoustic system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/321—Physical
- G10K2210/3229—Transducers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acoustic device able to achieve active noise reduction, positionable on the head of a user.
- the invention lies in the field of active noise reduction.
- helmets comprising an active noise reduction system.
- a headset has two headphones, conventionally positioned on the ears of a user.
- Each earphone is equipped with a microphone capable of picking up an audio signal representative of the ambient noise, called a noise signal.
- the active noise reduction is then achieved by emission by the headphones, at the input of the auditory canal of the user, of an airborne sound signal which is calculated to compensate for the noise signal picked up, also called “counter- noise ”.
- the document WO 2010/052720 A1 describes a method for providing an audio signal to two ears of a user using a single earphone.
- the document WO 2007/107985 A1 describes a method and system for propagating sound by bone conduction.
- the object of the invention is to propose an acoustic device for reducing ambient noise allowing better noise attenuation without bulk for the user.
- the invention provides an acoustic device according to claim 1.
- the acoustic device according to the invention can also have one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 4, taken independently or in combination.
- the acoustic device 2 of the figure 1 comprises two lateral acoustic modules 4 for active noise reduction by osteophonic pathway which are similar.
- the acoustic device 2 is adapted to be positioned on the head of a user (not shown), the lateral acoustic modules 4 being positioned in contact with the skull of the use, preferably at the level of his temples.
- An acoustic module 4 comprises an osteophonic transducer 8 and a housing 10, comprising a microphone capable of picking up a sound signal representative of an ambient sound, typically an ambient noise.
- the osteophonic transducer 8 comprises an emitting element, not shown, capable of transforming a sound signal into a vibratory signal, transmitted to the auditory nerve of the user by bone conduction.
- the emitting element is protected by a protective shell 12, which is preferably composed of two nested half-shells.
- the half-shells are, for example, made of plastic and injection molded.
- the housing 10 also comprises an electronic card, not shown, which will be described in more detail with reference to figure 2 , and which is connected to the ambient sound capture microphone and which comprises an electronic filtering circuit making it possible to generate, from the picked up sound signal, an electrical signal called "counter-noise", transformed into a vibratory signal by the osteophonic transducer 8 and capable of reducing or completely canceling the perception of the ambient sound signal at the level of the auditory nerve of the user.
- an ambient sound wave is canceled by bone conduction.
- the acoustic device 2 also comprises a mechanical holding member 14, which is in this example a rigid band capable of supporting the acoustic modules 4 in the appropriate position, resting against the temples of the user.
- a mechanical holding member 14 is in this example a rigid band capable of supporting the acoustic modules 4 in the appropriate position, resting against the temples of the user.
- the rigid band 14 is of adjustable length.
- the acoustic device 2 also comprises a complementary holding member 16, which is in this exemplary embodiment a flexible band 16, preferably of adjustable length, which can be positioned on top of the user's head in order to ensure reliable maintenance.
- a complementary holding member 16 which is in this exemplary embodiment a flexible band 16, preferably of adjustable length, which can be positioned on top of the user's head in order to ensure reliable maintenance.
- An articulation 20, between a fastener 22 of an acoustic module 4 to the retaining members 14, 16 is also provided.
- the articulation 20 is suitable for allowing adequate positioning of the acoustic modules on the head of a user.
- the articulation 20 is equipped with a spring, not shown, suitable for ensuring a return of the acoustic module 4 to a rest position.
- the acoustic device according to the invention is equipped with a single lateral acoustic module for active noise reduction, positioned on only one side of the user's skull.
- any acoustic device or helmet, comprising such acoustic modules, forms part of the invention.
- one or two acoustic modules 4 for reducing noise by osteophonics are integrated into a conventional noise reduction device, of the noise-canceling headset type, in order to combine the reduction of noise by air by generating a airborne acoustic signal for counter-noise and osteophonic noise reduction.
- An electronic card 30 according to the invention is shown on figure 2 .
- An ambient noise signal Sb is picked up by the microphone.
- a filtering module 32 is connected to the microphone, this module implementing a transfer function H FO making it possible to determine the electrical signal, equivalent to the gain and to the phase, to the osteophonic signal to be transmitted by bone conduction to cancel the signal from noise Sb.
- the transfer function H FO is determined for an acoustic device 2 provided with a single acoustic module 4 for osteophonic noise reduction.
- the transfer function H FO thus determined also applies in the case of an acoustic device 2 provided with acoustic modules 4 right and left, but assuming equivalent ambient noise conditions at the level of the right and left ears of the user. , and considering direct bone conduction only.
- the figure 3 schematically illustrates the principle of osteophonic noise reduction in this embodiment.
- Point I G represents the user's left inner ear
- point E G represents the entry point of the left ear canal or outer ear.
- Noise sound waves 38 are transmitted by air, and picked up by the microphone 40.
- a transfer function Hco defines the conduction through the bone between the emission of the vibratory signal by the transducer 8 and the inner ear I G.
- the overall transfer function between the input of the microphone 40 and the emission of the osteophonic vibratory signal is denoted H G.
- a transfer function H CA represents the conduction of an airborne sound signal between the outer ear E G and the inner ear I G , it is the transfer function of the inner and middle ear.
- the transfer function H b G is the transfer function characteristic of the noisy environment, also used in the context of conventional noise reduction.
- H G - H IT H CO ⁇ H b G
- H G H m ⁇ H FO ⁇ H TO
- Such a determination is carried out, in one embodiment, according to the protocol shown schematically in figure 4 .
- a human operator intervenes in this experimental determination.
- the operator under test is equipped with a transducer 8, positioned laterally, substantially in the region of the temple, and an earpiece 42 positioned on one ear, for example the left ear as in the example of figure 3 .
- the earpiece 42 is a conventional earpiece, making it possible to transmit an airborne acoustic signal at the level of the operator's left outer ear.
- the right outer ear is obstructed, for example by an ear plug, in order to avoid possible hearing interference.
- a generator 44 of sinusoidal signals makes it possible to successively generate signals for a set of frequencies varying from 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
- a generated sinusoidal signal is transmitted to both the earpiece 42 and to a filter 46, the gain Go of which and the phase ⁇ o are adjustable by the operator.
- the operator has the possibility of adjusting the gain and the phase of the filter 46 for a sinusoidal signal of given frequency f until he notices a cancellation of the sound perceived at the level of his inner ear I.
- the operator therefore provides the gain and the phase of filter 46 for each frequency f, allowing cancellation of the sound perceived at the level of the inner ear.
- the transfer function Hg is obtained by measurement as explained above and stored, and the respective transfer functions of the transducer 8 and of the earpiece 42 are known. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the ratio R.
- the experimental protocol is repeated for a plurality of operators, thus making it possible to obtain a plurality of subjective measurements for the transfer function Hg in the set of frequencies, and to deduce therefrom an average transfer function.
- equation (Eq 4) makes it possible to determine the transfer function H FO of the filter 32 to be applied in order to achieve cancellation of the ambient sound signal Sb, picked up by the microphone 40, by bone conduction via a transducer 8.
- the transfer function H FO can therefore be calculated by applying the equation (Eq 7) above, in which H g is the transfer function measured as above.
- the transfer functions H m H TA and H b G are determined in a manner known in the field of active noise reduction, using an acoustic mannequin in an acoustic chamber, with a frequency sweep from 20Hz to 20,000Hz.
- a suitable transfer function is applied, taking into account a transverse bone propagation, that is to say a conduction bone of the vibratory signal emitted by the transducer located on the left to the user's right inner ear, and vice versa, a bone conduction of the vibratory signal emitted by the right transducer to the left inner ear.
- figure 5 schematically illustrates the principle of noise reduction by osteophonic pathway in this second embodiment.
- Two similar transducers 8, 8 'and having the same transfer function H TO are considered, respectively annotated G for the left transducer positioned on the left lateral part of the user's skull and D for the right transducer positioned on the right lateral part of the user's skull.
- Points I G and I D denote the entry points of the user's left and right inner ear, respectively, and points E G and E D are the respective entry points of the entrances to the left and right outer ear canals. .
- a microphone 48 is connected to the left transducer 8 and a microphone 50 is connected to the right transducer 8 '.
- H D R 1 - P 2 ⁇ H b G ⁇ P - H b D
- H G R 1 - P 2 ⁇ H b D ⁇ P - H b G
- R H IT H CO as before
- P H CO ′ H CO is the ratio between transverse bone conduction transfer function and direct bone conduction transfer function.
- FIG. 6 A schematic representation of a protocol for determining the ratio P 'is shown in figure 6 .
- the listening 52 is placed on the opposite side of the osteophonic transducer 8.
- the duct of the external ear on the same side as the osteophonic transducer 8 is blocked by an earplug 58 for example, in order to avoid any interference.
- a generator 54 of sinusoidal signals makes it possible to successively generate signals for a set of frequencies varying from 20 Hz to 20kHz.
- a generated sinusoidal signal is transmitted to both the earpiece 52 and to a filter 56, the gain G ' o and the phase ⁇ 'o of which are adjustable by the operator.
- the operator has the possibility of adjusting the gain and the phase of the filter 56 for a sinusoidal signal of given frequency f until he observes a cancellation of the sound perceived at the level of his inner ear I.
- the operator therefore provides the gain and the filter phase 56 for each frequency f, allowing cancellation of the sound perceived at the level of the inner ear, between the sound signal supplied via the earpiece 52 and the vibratory signal transmitted by bone conduction from the transducer 8.
- H ' g the function of transfer of the filter 56
- H TO the transfer function of the transducer 8
- H TA the transfer function of the earpiece 52
- the function H ' g is provided by experimental measurements, for a set of frequency values in the frequency band considered.
- the ratio P ′ can then be calculated for this set of frequencies thanks to the relation provided by the equation (Eq 15), knowing the respective transfer functions of the earpiece 52 and of the transducer 8. Then, it is possible to deduce therefrom the transfer functions H FO G and H FO D to be implemented by the respective filters of the electronic cards associated with each acoustic module 4.
- H FO D - H g H m ⁇ H YOUR 1 - Q 2 ⁇ H b G
- H FO G - H g H m ⁇ H YOUR 1 - Q 2 ⁇ H b D Q - H b G
- the transfer functions H FO G and H FO D are obtained, according to one embodiment of the invention, by the implementation of a determination method, the main steps of which are illustrated on figure 7 .
- a first step 70 the transfer functions H b G and H b D representative of the characteristics of the environment are calculated, according to a standard measurement protocol in an acoustic chamber as briefly explained above.
- step 74 the combined transfer function H m ⁇ H TA is evaluated, according to a standard measurement protocol in an acoustic chamber as briefly explained above.
- Steps 70, 72 and 74 can be performed in a different order.
- the determined transfer functions are stored in a memory associated with a calculation processor for the set of frequencies of the desired frequency interval.
- step 76 the transfer functions H FO G and H FO D are determined by calculation, using the relationships (Eq 16) and (Eq 17) above.
- the respective transfer functions thus determined are each implemented in an electronic filtering circuit of a filter card of an acoustic module for osteophonic noise reduction.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif acoustique apte à réaliser une réduction active de bruit, positionnable sur la tête d'un utilisateur.The present invention relates to an acoustic device able to achieve active noise reduction, positionable on the head of a user.
L'invention se situe dans le domaine de la réduction active de bruit.The invention lies in the field of active noise reduction.
Il existe différents dispositifs acoustiques de réduction de bruit ambiant, notamment des casques comportant un système de réduction active de bruit. En général, un tel casque comporte deux écouteurs, positionnés classiquement sur les oreilles d'un utilisateur. Chaque écouteur est équipé d'un microphone apte à capter un signal sonore représentatif du bruit ambiant, dit signal de bruit. La réduction active de bruit est alors réalisée par émission par les écouteurs, au niveau de l'entrée du canal auditif de l'utilisateur, d'un signal sonore aérien qui est calculé pour compenser le signal de bruit capté, également appelé « contre-bruit ».There are various acoustic devices for reducing ambient noise, in particular helmets comprising an active noise reduction system. In general, such a headset has two headphones, conventionally positioned on the ears of a user. Each earphone is equipped with a microphone capable of picking up an audio signal representative of the ambient noise, called a noise signal. The active noise reduction is then achieved by emission by the headphones, at the input of the auditory canal of the user, of an airborne sound signal which is calculated to compensate for the noise signal picked up, also called “counter- noise ”.
Le document
L'invention a pour objet de proposer un dispositif acoustique de réduction de bruit ambiant permettant une meilleure atténuation de bruit sans encombrement pour l'utilisateur.The object of the invention is to propose an acoustic device for reducing ambient noise allowing better noise attenuation without bulk for the user.
A cet effet, l'invention propose un dispositif acoustique selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention provides an acoustic device according to claim 1.
Le dispositif acoustique selon l'invention peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications 2 à 4, prises indépendamment ou en combinaison.The acoustic device according to the invention can also have one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 4, taken independently or in combination.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :
- la
figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble d'un dispositif acoustique selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 2 représente schématiquement une carte électronique du dispositif acoustique selon l'invention ; - la
figure 3 est un schéma de principe de réduction active de bruit selon un premier mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 4 représente schématiquement un protocole de mesure de fonction de transfert de conduction osseuse directe ; - la
figure 5 est un schéma de principe de réduction active de bruit selon un deuxième mode de réalisation ; - la
figure 6 représente schématiquement un protocole de mesure de fonction de transfert de conduction osseuse transverse, et ; - la
figure 7 est un ordinogramme des principales étapes d'un procédé de détermination de fonctions de transfert de réduction active de bruit par voie ostéophonique.
- the
figure 1 is an overall view of an acoustic device according to one embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 2 schematically represents an electronic card of the acoustic device according to the invention; - the
figure 3 is a block diagram of active noise reduction according to a first embodiment; - the
figure 4 schematically represents a protocol for measuring a direct bone conduction transfer function; - the
figure 5 is a block diagram of active noise reduction according to a second embodiment; - the
figure 6 schematically represents a protocol for measuring a transverse bone conduction transfer function, and; - the
figure 7 is a flowchart of the main steps of a method for determining transfer functions for active reduction of noise by osteophonic means.
Le dispositif acoustique 2 de la
Un module acoustique 4 comprend un transducteur ostéophonique 8 et un boîtier 10, comportant un microphone apte à capter un signal sonore représentatif d'un son ambiant, typiquement un bruit ambiant.An
Le transducteur ostéophonique 8 comporte un élément émetteur non représenté, apte à transformer un signal sonore en un signal vibratoire, transmis au nerf auditif de l'utilisateur par conduction osseuse. Ainsi, un signal sonore transformé par conduction osseuse en un signal acoustique perceptible par l'utilisateur au niveau de son oreille interne. L'élément émetteur est protégé par une coque de protection 12, qui est de préférence composée de deux demi-coques emboîtées. Les demi-coques sont, par exemple, en matière plastique et moulées par injection.The
Le boîtier 10 comporte également une carte électronique non représentée, qui sera décrite plus en détail en référence à la
Le dispositif acoustique 2 comporte également un organe maintien mécanique 14, qui est dans cet exemple un bandeau rigide apte à supporter les modules acoustiques 4 en position adéquate, en appui contre les tempes de l'utilisateur. De préférence, le bandeau rigide 14 est de longueur réglable.The acoustic device 2 also comprises a
De plus, optionnellement, le dispositif acoustique 2 comporte également un organe de maintien complémentaire 16, qui est dans cet exemple de réalisation un bandeau souple 16, de préférence de longueur réglable, positionnable sur le dessus de la tête de l'utilisateur afin d'assurer un maintien fiable.In addition, optionally, the acoustic device 2 also comprises a
Une articulation 20, entre une pièce de fixation 22 d'un module acoustique 4 aux organes de maintien 14, 16 est également prévue. L'articulation 20 est propre à permettre un positionnement adéquat des modules acoustiques sur la tête d'un utilisateur. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'articulation 20 est équipée d'un ressort non représenté, propre à assurer un rappel du module acoustique 4 vers une position de repos.An
Selon une variante simplifiée non représentée, le dispositif acoustique selon l'invention est équipé d'un seul module acoustique latéral de réduction active du bruit, positionné sur un seul côté du crâne de l'utilisateur.According to a simplified variant not shown, the acoustic device according to the invention is equipped with a single lateral acoustic module for active noise reduction, positioned on only one side of the user's skull.
Il est entendu que les modules acoustiques 4 de réduction de bruit par voie ostéophonique sont représentés et décrits en détail.It is understood that the
Cependant, tout dispositif acoustique ou casque, comportant de tels modules acoustiques, fait partie de l'invention.However, any acoustic device or helmet, comprising such acoustic modules, forms part of the invention.
Selon une variante, un ou deux modules acoustiques 4 de réduction de bruit par voie ostéophonique sont intégrés dans un dispositif de réduction de bruit classique, de type casque anti-bruit, afin de combiner la réduction de bruit par voie aérienne par génération d'un signal acoustique aérien de contre-bruit et la réduction de bruit par voie ostéophonique.According to one variant, one or two
Une carte électronique 30 selon l'invention est représentée à la
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, la fonction de transfert HFO est déterminée pour un dispositif acoustique 2 muni d'un seul module acoustique 4 de réduction de bruit par voie ostéophonique. La fonction de transfert HFO ainsi déterminée s'applique également dans le cas d'un dispositif acoustique 2 muni de modules acoustiques 4 droite et gauche, mais en supposant des conditions de bruit ambiantes équivalentes au niveau des oreilles droite et gauche de l'utilisateur, et en considérant une conduction osseuse directe uniquement.According to a first embodiment, the transfer function H FO is determined for an acoustic device 2 provided with a single
Afin d'expliciter comment déterminer la fonction de transfert HFO dans ce premier mode de réalisation, la
Dans cet exemple, le cas d'un module acoustique 4 placé du côté latéral gauche de l'utilisateur est considéré. Il est entendu que le principe décrit ci-après s'applique de manière symétrique lorsqu'un module acoustique 4 est placé du côté latéral droit du crâne de l'utilisateur.In this example, the case of an
Seul le transducteur 8 faisant partie du module acoustique 4 est représenté. Le point IG représente l'oreille interne gauche de l'utilisateur, et le point EG le point d'entrée du conduit auditif gauche ou oreille externe.Only the
Des ondes sonores 38 de bruit sont transmises par voie aérienne, et captées par le microphone 40. Selon une modélisation de principe, une fonction de transfert Hco définit la conduction par voie osseuse entre l'émission de signal vibratoire par le transducteur 8 et l'oreille interne IG. La fonction de transfert globale entre l'entrée du microphone 40 et l'émission de signal vibratoire ostéophonique est notée HG. Similairement, une fonction de transfert HCA représente la conduction d'un signal sonore aérien entre l'oreille externe EG et l'oreille interne IG, il s'agit de la fonction de transfert de l'oreille interne et moyenne. La fonction de transfert Hb G est la fonction de transfert caractéristique de l'environnement bruité, également utilisée dans le cadre de la réduction de bruit classique.
Afin d'annuler le bruit au niveau de l'oreille interne IG de l'utilisateur, la relation suivante doit être vérifiée :
Il en résulte que la fonction de transfert globale HG dépend du rapport R entre la fonction de transfert HCA de l'oreille externe et moyenne et de la fonction de transfert Hco de conduction osseuse :
De plus, si on note Hm la fonction de transfert du microphone 40 et HTO la fonction de transfert du transducteur 8, la relation suivante est également vérifiée :
En combinant les relations (Eq 2) et (Eq 3) ci-dessus, il en résulte :
Afin de déterminer la fonction de transfert HFO à appliquer, il est donc utile, dans une phase préalable, de déterminer le rapport R=HCA/HCO, ce qui revient, en d'autres termes, à déterminer le signal sonore aérien équivalent, au gain et à la phase près, au signal vibratoire ostéophonique.In order to determine the transfer function H FO to be applied, it is therefore useful, in a preliminary phase, to determine the ratio R = H CA / H CO , which amounts, in other words, to determining the airborne sound signal equivalent, except for the gain and phase, to the osteophonic vibratory signal.
Une telle détermination est effectuée, dans un mode de réalisation, selon le protocole schématisé à la
Comme illustré sur la
Un générateur 44 de signaux sinusoïdaux permet de générer successivement des signaux pour un ensemble de fréquences variant de 20 Hz à 20kHz. Un signal sinusoïdal généré est transmis à la fois à l'écouteur 42 et à un filtre 46, dont le gain Go et la phase ΔΦo sont réglables par l'opérateur. L'opérateur a la possibilité de régler le gain et la phase du filtre 46 pour un signal sinusoïdal de fréquence f donnée jusqu'à constater une annulation du son perçu au niveau de son oreille interne I. L'opérateur fournit donc le gain et la phase du filtre 46 pour chaque fréquence f, permettant une annulation du son perçu au niveau de l'oreille interne. En notant Hg la fonction de transfert du filtre 46, HTO la fonction de transfert du transducteur 8 et HTA la fonction de transfert de l'écouteur 42, la relation suivante est vérifiée :
Ainsi, il en est déduit le rapport R=HCA/HCO :
La fonction de transfert Hg est obtenue par mesure comme expliqué ci-dessus et mémorisée, et les fonctions de transfert respectives du transducteur 8 et de l'écouteur 42 sont connues. Par conséquent, il est possible de calculer le rapport R.The transfer function Hg is obtained by measurement as explained above and stored, and the respective transfer functions of the
En variante, le protocole expérimental est répété pour une pluralité d'opérateurs, permettant ainsi d'obtenir une pluralité de mesures subjectives pour la fonction de transfert Hg dans l'ensemble de fréquences, et d'en déduire une fonction de transfert moyenne.As a variant, the experimental protocol is repeated for a plurality of operators, thus making it possible to obtain a plurality of subjective measurements for the transfer function Hg in the set of frequencies, and to deduce therefrom an average transfer function.
Ainsi, l'équation (Eq 4) permet de déterminer la fonction de transfert HFO du filtre 32 à appliquer afin de réaliser une annulation du signal sonore ambiant Sb, capté par le microphone 40, par conduction osseuse via un transducteur 8.Thus, equation (Eq 4) makes it possible to determine the transfer function H FO of the
Il est à noter que d'un point de vue calculatoire, il est possible de combiner les équations (Eq 4) et (Eq 6), ce qui permet d'obtenir la relation simplifiée suivante pour l'obtention de la fonction de transfert HFO du filtre 32 :
La fonction de transfert HFO est donc calculable par application de l'équation (Eq 7) ci-dessus, dans laquelle Hg est la fonction de transfert mesurée comme ci-dessus. Les fonctions de transfert Hm · HTA et
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, dans un dispositif acoustique de réduction de bruit comportant deux modules acoustiques 4 de réduction de bruit, une fonction de transfert adaptée est appliquée, prenant en compte une propagation osseuse transverse, c'est-à-dire une conduction osseuse du signal vibratoire émis par le transducteur situé à gauche jusqu'à l'oreille interne droite de l'utilisateur, et vice-versa, une conduction osseuse du signal vibratoire émis par le transducteur droit jusqu'à l'oreille interne gauche.According to a second embodiment, in an acoustic noise reduction device comprising two acoustic
De manière analogue à la
Deux transducteurs 8, 8' similaires et ayant une même fonction de transfert HTO sont considérés, respectivement annotés G pour le transducteur gauche positionné sur la partie latérale gauche du crâne de l'utilisateur et D pour le transducteur droit positionné sur la partie latérale droite du crâne de l'utilisateur. Les points IG et ID désignent respectivement les points d'entrée de l'oreille interne gauche et droite de l'utilisateur, et les points EG et ED les points d'entrée respectifs des entrées des conduits auditifs externes gauche et droit. Il est supposé que les conduits auditifs internes d'une part et la conduction osseuse d'autre part sont symétriques pour un utilisateur moyen, donc une seule fonction de transfert Hco de conduction osseuse directe, Hco' de conduction osseuse transverse et HCA de conduction aérienne de l'oreille moyenne et de l'oreille interne sont considérées.Two
Extérieurement, dans la plus grande généralité, il est considéré que les fonctions de transfert respectives gauche et droite correspondant à l'environnement bruité peuvent être différentes, et qu'un filtrage différent HFO G et HFO D est appliqué en entrée des transducteurs 8, 8' respectifs. Un microphone 48 est relié au transducteur gauche 8 et un microphone 50 est relié au transducteur droit 8'.Externally, in the greatest generality, it is considered that the respective left and right transfer functions corresponding to the noisy environment may be different, and that a different filtering H FO G and H FO D is applied at the input of the
Afin d'obtenir une annulation simultanée du bruit perçu au niveau des deux oreilles internes, les relations suivantes sont vérifiées :
On obtient ensuite par calcul :
Où
Si on considère que les fonctions de transfert
Pour déterminer les fonctions de transfert, il est utile de déterminer le rapport P des fonctions de transfert respectives de conduction osseuse directe et transverse. Dans un mode de réalisation, la relation suivante est utilisée :
Ainsi, il suffit de déterminer
Une représentation schématique d'un protocole de détermination du rapport P' est illustrée à la
Un générateur 54 de signaux sinusoïdaux, analogue au générateur 44 de la
Le rapport P' s'en déduit par :
La fonction H'g est fournie par mesures expérimentales, pour un ensemble des valeurs de fréquences dans la bande de fréquence considérée. Le rapport P' peut alors être calculé pour cet ensemble de fréquences grâce à la relation fournie par l'équation (Eq 15), connaissant les fonctions de transfert respectives de l'écouteur 52 et du transducteur 8. Ensuite, il est possible d'en déduire les fonctions de transfert HFO G et HFO D à implémenter par les filtres respectifs des cartes électroniques associées à chaque module acoustique 4.The function H ' g is provided by experimental measurements, for a set of frequency values in the frequency band considered. The ratio P ′ can then be calculated for this set of frequencies thanks to the relation provided by the equation (Eq 15), knowing the respective transfer functions of the
Il est à noter que les fonctions de transfert HFO G et HFO D sont calculables directement par les formules suivantes, utilisant le rapport
Les fonctions de transfert HFO G et HFO D sont obtenues, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, par la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de détermination dont les principales étapes sont illustrées à la
Dans une première étape 70, les fonctions de transfert Hb G et Hb D représentatives des caractéristiques de l'environnement sont calculées, selon un protocole de mesure classique en chambre acoustique comme brièvement expliqué ci-dessus.In a
Ensuite, les fonctions de transfert Hg et Hg' sont évaluées à l'étape suivante 72, selon par exemple les protocoles décrits en référence aux
A l'étape 74, la fonction de transfert combinée Hm · HTA est évaluée, selon un protocole de mesure classique en chambre acoustique comme brièvement expliqué ci-dessus.In
Les étapes 70, 72 et 74 peuvent être effectuées dans un ordre différent. Les fonctions de transfert déterminées sont mémorisées dans une mémoire associée à un processeur de calcul pour l'ensemble des fréquences de l'intervalle de fréquence souhaité.
Ensuite, à l'étape 76, les fonctions de transfert HFO G et HFO D sont déterminées par calcul, en utilisant les relations (Eq 16) et (Eq 17) ci-dessus.Then, in
Les fonctions de transfert respectives ainsi déterminées sont implémentées chacune dans un circuit électronique de filtrage d'une carte de filtrage d'un module acoustique de réduction ostéophonique de bruit.The respective transfer functions thus determined are each implemented in an electronic filtering circuit of a filter card of an acoustic module for osteophonic noise reduction.
Claims (4)
- An acoustic device (2) capable of producing active noise reduction, which may be positioned on the head of a user, comprising at least one microphone able to sense a representative sound signal of ambient noise, including at least one acoustic module (4) for active noise reduction comprising an osteophonic transducer (8, 8'), capable of being positioned on a side flank of the head of the user, and of transmitting a vibratory signal transformed by bone conduction into an acoustic signal which may be perceived by the user, connected to said microphone, said at least one acoustic module (4) including an electronic circuit (30) capable of generating a vibratory signal giving the possibility of attenuating the perception of said ambient noise by the user, the acoustic device (2) being characterized in that said electronic circuit (30) implements a filter (32) defined by a transfer function (HFO) for noise reduction, said transfer function (HFO) being determined in order to produce noise attenuation according to direct bone conduction between the osteophonic transducer (8, 8') and the inner ear of a user located on the same side as said transducer (8, 8'), said noise reduction transfer function (HFO) depending on a ratio of a direct bone conduction transfer function (HCO) representative of said bone conduction and of an airborne conduction transfer function (HCA) representative of the conduction of an airborne acoustic signal between an outer ear and an inner ear located on a same side,
and in that said transfer function is defined by the formula: - The acoustic device according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes two so called active noise reduction acoustic modules (4) capable of being positioned on the opposite lateral sides of the head of a user.
- The acoustic device according to claim 2, characterized in that each active noise reduction acoustic module (4) includes an osteophonic transducer (8,8') and an electronic circuit (30) implementing a filter (32) defined by a noise reduction transfer function (HFO), said transfer function (HFO) being determined according to direct bone conduction (HCO) and transverse bone conduction (HCO') of a vibratory signal from the opposite osteophonic transducer.
- The acoustic device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further includes an active noise reduction module for transmitting an airborne counter-noise signal.
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FR1354634A FR3006093B1 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2013-05-23 | ACOUSTIC DEVICE CAPABLE OF ACHIEVING ACTIVE NOISE REDUCTION |
PCT/EP2014/060683 WO2014187967A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Acoustic device capable of producing active noise reduction |
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EP3000109B1 true EP3000109B1 (en) | 2021-01-27 |
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US (1) | US9754577B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3000109B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2016522444A (en) |
KR (1) | KR102128142B1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3000109T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3006093B1 (en) |
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US20230026002A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2023-01-26 | Audio Zoom Pte Ltd | Non-acoustic sensor for active noise cancellation |
KR102225124B1 (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2021-03-09 | 주식회사 블루콤 | Hybrid active noise cancellation earphone |
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JP4310477B2 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2009-08-12 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Noise reduction device |
US8325964B2 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2012-12-04 | Dsp Group Ltd. | Method and system for bone conduction sound propagation |
EP2294835A4 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2012-01-18 | Bone Tone Comm Ltd | A method and a system for processing signals |
EP2356826A4 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2014-01-29 | Bone Tone Comm Ltd | An earpiece and a method for playing a stereo and a mono signal |
US9301059B2 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2016-03-29 | Advanced Bionics Ag | Bone conduction hearing aid system |
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2013
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WO2014187967A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
US9754577B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 |
EP3000109A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
FR3006093B1 (en) | 2016-04-01 |
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KR20160015267A (en) | 2016-02-12 |
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