EP2998799A1 - Contactless notching - Google Patents

Abstract

Clock mechanism (100), comprising a first component (300), movable relative to a second component (200), comprising means for applying a resistant force of variable intensity between a first surface (30) of said first component (300) and a second surface (20) of said second component (300). Said first surface (30) comprises first magnetic zones, said second surface (20) comprises second magnetic zones, said first surface (30) and / or said second surface (20) generates magnetic fields of variable intensity along the interface between said first surface (30) and said second surface (20) over the entire mobility path of said first component (300) relative to said second component (200), said fields acting to attract or repel said second surface (20) and / or said first surface (30), and generating a resistive force when applying a force to said first component (300) with respect to said second component (200).

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a clockwork mechanism, comprising a first fixed or mobile component, and mobile relative to a second fixed or mobile component, and comprising means for applying a resistant force of variable intensity between a first surface said first component and a second surface of said second component.

The invention also relates to a movement comprising such a mechanism.

The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a mechanism, or such a movement.

The invention relates to the field of watch mechanisms, more particularly for watches, comprising mechanical braking or friction mechanisms.

Background of the invention

Friction mechanisms used in watchmaking generally comprise springs.

These mechanisms are difficult to produce repeatedly, they alter the overall performance of the timepiece by the friction they bring into play. They are subject to wear, and pollute movement and clockwork mechanisms.

The notched glasses currently used in watchmaking are based on a mechanical system that allows rotation, generally unidirectional, these glasses, blocking their movement.

• le nombre de pas sur un tour complet,
• le couple maximal entre deux pas, qui doit être suffisamment faible pour pouvoir tourner la lunette mais suffisamment fort pour retenir la lunette lors de chocs accidentels,
• et la variation de couple autour de chaque position d'équilibre.

The particular characteristics of a telescope are:

• the number of steps on a complete turn,
• the maximum torque between two steps, which must be small enough to be able to turn the telescope but strong enough to hold the telescope during accidental shocks,
• and the torque variation around each equilibrium position.

Mechanical contacts are difficult to control because they strongly depend on the surface conditions and physical properties of the materials used. These properties themselves depend on the alloys used and heat treatments and ion implantation; the tolerances of each of the parameters make it difficult to obtain a good reproducibility. In particular, the latching is generally performed by springs, which is difficult to achieve uniformly.

• le jeu important qui laisse un des composants très libre par rapport à l'autre,
• les frottements mécaniques subis par le système,
• l'usure importante des pièces engendrant le crantage mécanique,
• ainsi que l'inhomogénéité du couple en fonction de l'angle parcouru par le rotor.

The main problems encountered on mechanical latching glasses are:

• the important game that leaves one of the components very free in relation to the other,
• the mechanical friction experienced by the system,
• the significant wear of the parts generating the mechanical notching,
• as well as the inhomogeneity of the torque as a function of the angle traveled by the rotor.

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes to improve the operation of watch crummers such as notched glasses, making it perfectly reproducible.

The principle of the invention is to replace, at least partially, the conventional mechanical notching, subject to wear and poor reproducibility, a non-contact notching with regular operating torque parameters.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a clockwork mechanism, comprising a first fixed or mobile component, and mobile relative to a second fixed or mobile component, and comprising means for applying a resisting force of variable intensity. between a first surface of said first component and a second surface of said second component, characterized in that said first surface comprises first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, in that said second surface comprises second magnetic or ferromagnetic zones , or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, and in that said first surface and / or said second surface generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of variable intensity along the interface between said first surface and said second surface on the together the mobility race of the said first component relative to said second component, said fields acting to attract or repel said second surface and / or said first surface, and generate a resistant force when applying a force to said first component relative to said second component.

The invention also relates to a movement comprising such a mechanism.

The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a mechanism, or such a movement.

Brief description of the drawings

• la figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, partielle et en perspective, une première variante de l'invention avec les silhouettes de deux mobiles en mouvement relatif l'un par rapport à l'autre, et comportant des successions de pôles magnétiques, répartis sur deux pans parallèles, assurant un effet de crantage magnétique, seuls ces pôles étant représentés sur la figure ; la figure 2 est vue en coupe tronquée, passant par le centre des pôles magnétiques et par l'axe de pivotement des mobiles de l'ensemble de la figure 1 ;
• les figures 3 et 4 représentent, de façon analogue aux figures 1 et 2, une deuxième variante de l'invention, avec un autre ensemble où les pôles magnétiques sont agencés selon deux cônes coaxiaux ;
• les figures 5 et 6 représentent, de façon analogue aux figures 1 et 2, une troisième variante de l'invention, avec un autre ensemble où les pôles magnétiques sont agencés selon deux cylindres coaxiaux ;
• les figures 7 et 8 représentent, de façon analogue aux figures 5 et 6, une quatrième variante de l'invention, avec un autre ensemble où les pôles magnétiques du cylindre intérieur sont orientés selon un angle non nul avec le plan localement tangent ;
• la figure 9 illustre une configuration selon la figure 1, et où tous les pôles magnétiques ont des aimantations en concordance de sens;
• la figure 10 illustre une configuration selon la figure 1, et où tous les pôles magnétiques ont des aimantations en alternance de sens;
• la figure 9A illustre une configuration selon la figure 1, et où tous les pôles magnétiques ont des aimantations en opposition magnétique en concordance de sens;
• la figure 10A illustre une configuration selon la figure 1, et où tous les pôles magnétiques ont des aimantations en opposition magnétique en alternance de sens;
• les figures 11 à 13 illustrent des applications de l'invention à une boîte de montre comportant un crantage magnétique entre carrure et lunette : de type plan en figure 11, conique en figure 12, cylindrique en figure 13 ;
• la figure 14 représente une montre comportant une telle boîte ;
• les figures 15 et 16 représentent, en plan et en coupe partielle, un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant un barillet avec un rochet en deux parties équipé d'un crantage magnétique selon l'invention.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 represents, schematically, partially and in perspective, a first variant of the invention with the silhouettes of two mobiles in relative movement with respect to each other, and comprising successions of magnetic poles, distributed on two parallel sides , providing a magnetic detent effect, only these poles being shown in the figure; the figure 2 is seen in truncated section, passing through the center of the magnetic poles and by the pivot axis of the mobiles of the whole of the figure 1 ;
• the Figures 3 and 4 represent, in a similar way to Figures 1 and 2 a second variant of the invention, with another set where the magnetic poles are arranged according to two coaxial cones;
• the Figures 5 and 6 represent, in a similar way to Figures 1 and 2 a third variant of the invention, with another set where the magnetic poles are arranged in two coaxial cylinders;
• the Figures 7 and 8 represent, in a similar way to Figures 5 and 6 a fourth variant of the invention, with another set where the magnetic poles of the inner cylinder are oriented at a non-zero angle with the locally tangent plane;
• the figure 9 illustrates a configuration according to the figure 1 and where all the magnetic poles have mutations of sense;
• the figure 10 illustrates a configuration according to the figure 1 and where all the magnetic poles have alternating magnetizations of meaning;
• the Figure 9A illustrates a configuration according to the figure 1 and where all the magnetic poles have magnetizations in magnetic opposition in accordance with meaning;
• the figure 10A illustrates a configuration according to the figure 1 , and where all the magnetic poles have magnetizations in alternating magnetic opposition;
• the Figures 11 to 13 illustrate applications of the invention to a watch case having a magnetic notch between middle and bezel: planar type figure 11 , conic figure 12 , cylindrical in figure 13 ;
• the figure 14 represents a watch including such a box;
• the Figures 15 and 16 represent, in plan and in partial section, a watch movement comprising a barrel with a ratchet in two parts equipped with a magnetic detent according to the invention.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

The invention proposes to substitute, at least partially, for a conventional mechanical crushing by friction, subject to wear and poorly reproducible, a non-contact crimp with regular operating torque parameters.

This noncontact crimp can be achieved by the application of magnetic or electrostatic fields, the invention is more particularly illustrated for the case of magnetic fields in the form of a magnetic detent.

The invention then uses a system of magnets and / or ferromagnetic tracks, respectively a system of electrets and / or electrostatically conductive tracks, in order to construct a magnetic detent mechanism, respectively electrostatic, exploiting the forces induced on a magnet. immersed in a magnetic field, or respectively on an electret (or an electrified component) in an electrostatic field.

In the remainder of the description, "effort" is generically referred to as a force or a couple.

The invention relates to a timepiece mechanism 100, comprising a fixed or movable first component 300, which is movable relative to a second fixed or movable component 200, and comprising means for applying a resistive force of variable intensity. between a first surface 30 of the first component 300 and a second surface 20 of the second component 300.

According to the invention, the first surface 30 comprises first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, the second surface 20 comprises second zones magnetic or ferromagnetic, respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive.

And the first surface 30 and / or the second surface 20 generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of variable intensity along the interface between the first surface 30 and the second surface 20 over the entire travel path of the first component 300 relative to the second component 200, these fields acting to attract or repel the second surface 20 and / or the first surface 30, and generate a resistive force when applying a force to the first component 300 relative to the second component 200.

More particularly, the first component 300 is rotatable relative to the second component 200. The first surface 30 comprises, disposed on a first revolution track, first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive. The second surface 20 comprises, arranged on a second revolution track, second magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive. And the first surface 30 and / or the second surface 20 generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of variable intensity along its periphery, acting to attract or repel the second surface 20 and / or the first surface 30, and to generate a force resistant during a relative rotation maneuver of the first component 300 relative to the second component 200.

More particularly, the first surface 30 comprises, regularly arranged on a first revolution track in a first step, first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, the second surface 20 comprises, regularly arranged on a second track of revolution according to a second step, second magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, and the first surface 30 and / or the second surface 20 generates said magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of variable intensity along its periphery, acting to attract or repel the second surface 20 and / or the first surface 30, and generate a resistive force during a relative rotation of the first component 300 relative to the second component 200, this resulting effort being periodic with a resulting step depending on the value of the first step and the value of the second step.

où M est la magnétisation du matériau et B est le champ magnétique extérieur (toutes les quantités en (1) sont des vecteurs).In the magnetic variant of the invention, the force induced on a magnet immersed in a magnetic field B is given by the following law: $$\mathrm{F}=\left(\mathrm{M}\cdot \nabla \right)\mathrm{.}\mathrm{B}$$

where M is the magnetization of the material and B is the external magnetic field (all the quantities in (1) are vectors).

The principle is to position magnets, or magnetic tracks on a fixed part (stator) and on a moving part (rotor) in order to exploit their interactions and create notches.

The theory governing magnetic interactions is described by Maxwell's equations, and the remaining unknowns come from the magnetic materials used and the difficulty of solving these equations analytically and numerically without approximations. Nevertheless, from a macroscopic point of view these inaccuracies are sufficiently small to make the magnetic systems reliable, and in any case of much greater reliability than that of the spring systems of the prior art.

Different configurations are imaginable.

• en figures 1 et 2 les aimants sont placés horizontalement sur deux plans parallèles,
• en figures 3 et 4 les aimants sont placés de façon oblique sur deux cônes coaxiaux,
• en figures 5 et 6 les aimants sont placés verticalement sur deux cylindres coaxiaux.

Several different, non-limiting achievements have been selected; the main geometries are presented in Figures 1 to 6 :

• in Figures 1 and 2 the magnets are placed horizontally on two parallel planes,
• in Figures 3 and 4 the magnets are placed obliquely on two coaxial cones,
• in Figures 5 and 6 the magnets are placed vertically on two coaxial cylinders.

The Figures 1, 3 and 5 each time represent two series of magnets, face to face in the drawing, which are to fix one on the movable part 2 of the bezel (rotor) and the other on a fixed part 3 of the watch case ( stator) such as a middle part.

• : tous les aimants en concordance, avec leurs champs alignés dans le même sens, soit en attraction tel que visible sur la figure 9, soit en répulsion,
• ou avec les aimants en alternance, en alternant le sens des magnétisations (représentées par des flèches) pour chaque paire d'aimants, tel que visible sur la figure 10.

For each configuration, it is possible to orient the field of the magnets in several ways. In the horizontal configuration of the figure 1 we can have:

• : all the magnets in concordance, with their fields aligned in the same direction, or in attraction as visible on the figure 9 , in repulsion,
• or with alternating magnets, alternating the direction of the magnetizations (represented by arrows) for each pair of magnets, as visible on the figure 10 .

A first particular application of the invention relates to a watch case 1 with notched rotating bezel: more particularly, and as illustrated by the Figures 1 to 13 which represent non-limiting variants of the invention, the invention relates to a watch case 1 with rotating bezel 2, comprising a middle part 3 on which is pivotally mounted the bezel 2 about an axis of revolution D. This case 3 comprises a first surface 30 of revolution about the axis D, which faces a second surface 20 of revolution about the axis D that includes the bezel 2.

According to the invention, the first surface 30 comprises, regularly disposed on its periphery in a first step, first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, and the second surface 20 comprises, regularly arranged on its periphery according to a second step, second magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive. The first surface 30 and / or the second surface 20 generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of variable intensity along its periphery, acting to attract or repel the second surface 20 and / or the first surface 30, and generate a resistant force during a maneuver of relative rotation of the telescope 2 with respect to the middle part 3. This resulting effort is periodic, with a resulting step whose value depends on the value of the first step and the value of the second step.

More particularly, the first surface 30 is included in an annular volume V around the axis of revolution D on either side of a mean radius RMOY between a minimum radius RMIN and a maximum radius RMAX, and faces at the second surface 20 which is also included in the same annular volume V, the tangents to the first surface 30 and the second surface 20 having substantially the same inclination with respect to the axis of revolution D at the average radius RMOY in a plane passing through the axis of revolution D.

In a preferred, but not limiting, embodiment illustrated by the Figures 1 to 10 , and 12 , the first surface 30 includes, regularly disposed on its periphery in discrete positions according to the first pitch, first polar magnetic or electromagnetic magnetically or electrically conductive polar bodies, which are arranged to cooperate in attraction and / or repulsion with second magnetic or ferromagnetic polar bodies 4, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive that includes the second surface 20, regularly disposed on its periphery in discrete positions according to the second step.

More particularly, in a first variant, as visible on the Figures 1 and 2 , the first polar masses 5 define the first surface 30 which is plane in a first plane P1, and the second polar masses 4 define the second surface 20 which is plane in a second plane P2 which is parallel to the first plane P1.

In a second variant, as visible on the Figures 3 and 4 , the first polar masses 5 are all tangent to a first cone K1 about the axis D constituting the first surface 30, and the second polar masses 4 are all tangent to a second cone K2 about the axis D constituting the second surface 20, and the second cone K2 is substantially parallel to the first cone K1. More particularly, the second cone K2 is parallel to the first cone K1.

In a third variant, as visible on the Figures 5 and 6 , the first polar masses 5 are all tangent to a first cylinder C1 around the axis D constituting the first surface 30, and the second polar masses 4 are all tangent to a second cylinder C2 about the axis D constituting the second surface 20.

A fourth variant represented in Figures 7 and 8 derives from this third variant: the first polar masses 5 and the second polar masses 4 are distributed according to two concentric cylinders C1 and C2, and the first polar masses 5 and / or the second polar masses 4 comprise plane surfaces 41, 51, making opposite the second polar masses 4 and / or first polar masses 5, and whose normals make a non-zero angle α with the radial R from the axis D. This fourth variant is well suited to a unidirectional mode of operation of the bezel, generating couples resistant of different moment according to the relative direction of rotation of the telescope 2 and the middle part 3.

In a particular implementation, as visible on the figure 9 , all the first polar masses 5 have magnetization or electrification in the same direction relative to each other, or / and all the second polar masses 4 have a magnetization or an electrisation of the same direction relative to each other.

The advantage of the horizontal configuration of the figure 1 and magnets aligned with the figure 9 is that we generate on the telescope 2 a force in the direction ice-bottom strictly positive. This configuration therefore makes it possible, by pressing the bezel 2 on the caseband 3, to solve a problem of play, either by keeping the rotor against the stator in the case of magnets in attraction, or, in the case of magnets in repulsion, by creating a magnetic cushion having the effect of reducing the irregularities of the torque by reducing contact with certain components. In both cases, the magnetic system can complete a traditional mechanical notching system which provides a part of the torque that is lacking. In a particular embodiment, the torque of mechanical origin is equivalent to 50% of the total notching torque, and the original magnetic torque provides the remaining 50% of the total torque.

Alternatively, the sliding of the plated bezel is provided by a ball bearing, or the like.

In a particular implementation, as visible on the figure 10 all first polar masses 5 are even in number and have alternating magnetization or electrification, or / and all second polar masses 4 are even in number and have alternating magnetization or electrification.

The horizontal configuration of the figure 1 with alternating magnets according to the figure 10 allows this time to maximize the maximum torque, as well as the torque variation, this time having the consequence that the force in the ice-bottom direction changes sign at each half-step. Nevertheless, this force also keeps the rotor on one of the two sides of the stator; the game is caught up.

In the vertical configuration of the figure 5 , the force on the ice-bottom axis is zero in nominal operation, there is no shift in the ice-bottom direction between the two circles of magnets. Again, the maximum torque is greater when the magnets are alternating according to the figure 10 only when are in accordance with the figure 9 . During operation with the rotor slightly offset from the stator (whether accidentally, or deliberately due to the construction), a force is induced in the ice-bottom direction. This force always tends to bring the rotor back into nominal operation if the magnets are all aligned, whereas it changes direction if they alternate (sometimes tending to bring the rotor back into nominal operation, sometimes to press it against a face of the stator) .

The number of magnets makes it possible to vary the number of steps of the telescope.

It is also possible to create a particular sensation for the user by a particular ratio between the number of magnets on the stator and on the rotor, which can in particular be different from the unit. To create a touch sensation typical of a magnetic bezel, one of the two components has a smaller number of magnets than the other, resulting in a smaller magnetic torque (loss that can be compensated by a mechanical system).

If the space available is sufficient, an additional solution consists in combining several rows of systems as described above, in order to multiply the induced torque. This allows for example to keep the attractions of the system with attracting magnets (sliding on one side with a horizontal configuration according to the figure 1 , and return in nominal operation with a vertical configuration according to the figure 5 ), while enjoying a torque of a moment equivalent to that obtained with a row of alternating magnets.

On the vertical configuration of the figure 5 , the surface of each magnet is perpendicular to the radius of the wheel.

By changing this orientation, as visible on the Figures 7 and 8 we create a telescope that is bidirectional, but whose moment of torque during rotation depends on the direction of rotation. With a greater resistance torque in one direction than in the other, one can thus achieve a magnetic bezel similar to a unidirectional bezel. This telescope has the advantage of not being damaged when a user forces his function in the wrong direction of rotation.

Hybrid solutions can still be designed using magnets that are both alternating and aligned (in both appeal and opposition).

In order to protect the outside of the watch (carrier and sensitive devices) against the magnetic fields of such a system, and in order to increase the effectiveness of the magnetically detachable bezel, it is possible, and advantageous, to introduce ferromagnetic shielding or to use the caseband as such.

In a particular embodiment, the number of first polar masses 5 is different from that of the second polar masses 4.

Preferably, the magnetization or electrification of the first surface 30 and the second surface 20 tends to bring the telescope 2 closer to a bottom: or a bottom 6 that the middle part 3 has on the side opposite the telescope 2 as visible on the figure 11 , or an attached base 60 that carries the middle part 3 on the opposite side to the bezel 2 as visible on the figure 12 .

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the second component 200 is rotatable about the first component 300 around an axis of revolution D, and comprises second guide means 210 which are arranged to cooperate with first guide means complementary 310 that includes the first component 3, in the vicinity of the first surface 30 and second surface 20 disposed on two surfaces of revolution coaxial with the axis D.

The Figures 15 and 16 illustrate a second particular application of the invention, with such a mechanism 100, which constitutes a drum barrel devoid of sliding flange. Indeed, the usual sliding flange is not necessary because the first component 300 and the second component 200 constitute the two coaxial parts, respectively inner and outer, of a ratchet. The first component 300 carries a plurality of first polar masses 5 distributed over a first cylindrical surface C1 of axis D, and the second component 200 carries a plurality of second polar masses 4 distributed over a second cylindrical surface C2. D. The invention thus constitutes magnetic notches, which generate a progressive retention torque, up to a level guaranteeing the complete arming of the barrel.

The first surface 30 of the first component 300 and the second surface 20 of the second component 200 are slightly offset in the axial direction, of a half-thickness approximately, forming an offset in Z. And the second guide means 210 and first means complementary guide 310 are supported. Thus the axial assembly of the first component 300 and the second component 200 is guaranteed, with sufficient restoring forces to ensure the maintenance of the assembly under an acceleration of 5000 g. This construction thus eliminates the usual sliding flange, saves space for the spring in the barrel drum, and thus increases the energy that can be stored at equal external volume. The invention makes it possible, again, to reduce the wear, and the reliability of the resistive torque, of magnetic origin, replacing the usual friction torque.

Naturally, the different embodiments of the magnetic snap bezel are transposable to this second application, they are not redetaillées, to ease the presentation. The figure 15 shows in particular the choice of implementation with discrete polar masses, each oriented radially south-north, both for the first polar masses 5 of the first component 300 as for the second polar masses 4 of the second component 200.

The invention also relates to a movement 500 comprising such a mechanism 100 ratchet in several parts.

The invention also relates to a watch 1000 comprising such a mechanism 100, or such a watch case 1, or such a movement 500.

• construction d'un système de crantage dont le couple provient de forces magnétiques, sans contact mécanique ;
• possibilité de réalisation d'une variante à système magnéto-mécanique rattrapant le jeu éventuel tout en lissant la courbe de couple d'une lunette ;
• facilité de modulation du nombre de pas d'une lunette par modification du nombre d'aimants ;
• toucher différent du toucher d'une lunette traditionnelle ;
• localisation plus précise du cran ;
• libération des contraintes tribologiques ;
• réalisation d'une lunette unidirectionnelle protégée en cas de manoeuvre dans le mauvais sens ;
• dans l'application au remplacement de la friction à bride glissante dans un barillet, le gain de volume utile pour le ressort de barillet, la moindre usure, et la maîtrise du couple.

The invention provides several advantages:

• construction of a notching system whose torque comes from magnetic forces, without mechanical contact;
• the possibility of producing a variant with a magneto-mechanical system that compensates for any play while smoothing the torque curve of a telescope;
• ease of modulation of the number of steps of a telescope by changing the number of magnets;
• touch different from the feel of a traditional telescope;
• more precise location of the screen;
• liberation of tribological constraints;
• making a unidirectional bezel protected in case of maneuver in the wrong direction;
• in the application to the replacement of the sliding flange friction in a barrel, the useful volume gain for the mainspring, the least wear, and the torque control.

Claims (18)

Clock mechanism (100) comprising a fixed or movable first component (300) and movable relative to a fixed or movable second component (200) and comprising means for applying a variable intensity resistive force between a first surface (30) of said first component (300) and a second surface (20) of said second component (300), characterized in that said first surface (30) comprises first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, respectively electrified or conductive zones electrostatically, in that said second surface (20) has second magnetic or ferromagnetic regions, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, and in that said first surface (30) and / or said second surface (20) generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, variable intensity along the interface between said first surface (30) and said second surface (20) on the mble of the mobility of said first component (300) relative to said second component (200), said fields acting to attract or repel said second surface (20) and / or said first surface (30), and generate a resistive force when applying a force to said first component (300) with respect to said second component (200). Mechanism (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that said first component (300) is rotatable relative to said second component (200), in that said first surface (30) comprises disposed on a first revolution track first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, in that said second surface (20) comprises, arranged on a second revolution track, second magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, and in that said first surface (30) and / or said second surface (20) generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of varying intensity along its periphery, acting to attract or repel said second surface (20) and / or said first surface (30), and generating a resistive force during a relative rotation maneuver of said pr first component (300) with respect to said second component (200). Mechanism (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that said first surface (30) comprises, regularly arranged on a first revolution track in a first step, first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, in that that said second surface (20) comprises, regularly arranged on a second rotation track in a second step, a second magnetic or ferromagnetic areas, or respectively electrified or conductive electrostatically, and in that said first surface (30) and / or said second surface (20) generates said magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, of variable intensity along its periphery, acting to attract or repel said second surface (20) and / or said first surface (30), and generate a resistive force when a relative rotation of said first component (300) by r port to said second component (200), said resulting force being periodic with a resulting pitch depending on the value of said first pitch and the value of said second pitch. Mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it constitutes a watch case (1) rotating bezel (2) constituting said second component (200), and having a middle (3) constituting said first component (300) on which is pivotally mounted said bezel (2) about an axis of revolution (D), said middle (3) having said first surface (30) of revolution about said axis (D), and faces said second surface (20) of revolution about said axis (D) that comprises said bezel (2), characterized in that said first surface (30) comprises, regularly arranged on its periphery in a first step, first magnetic or ferromagnetic zones, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, in that said second surface (20) comprises, regularly arranged on its periphery in a second step, second magnetic zones or ferromag electrically or electrically conductive, and in that said first surface (30) and / or said second surface (20) generates magnetic fields, respectively electrostatic, variable intensity along its periphery, acting to attract or pushing said second surface (20) or / and said first surface (30), and generating a resistive force during a relative rotation maneuver of said bezel (2) relative to said middle part (3), said resulting force being periodic with a resulting step depending on the value of said first step and the value of said second step. Watch case (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that said first surface (30) is included in an annular volume (V) around said axis of revolution (D) on either side of a mean radius ( RMOY) between a minimum radius (RMIN) and a maximum radius (RMAX), and faces said second surface (20) which is also included in the same said annular volume (V), the tangents to said first surface (30) and said second surface (20) having substantially the same inclination with respect to said axis of revolution (D) at said mean radius (RMOY) in a plane passing through said axis of revolution (D). Watch case (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said first surface (30) comprises, regularly disposed on its periphery in discrete positions according to said first step, first polar masses (5) magnetic or ferromagnetic, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive, which are arranged to cooperate in attraction and / or in repulsion with second polar masses (4) magnetic or ferromagnetic, or respectively electrified or electrostatically conductive that includes said second surface (20), regularly arranged on its periphery according to discrete positions according to said second step. Watch case (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said first polar masses (5) define said first surface (30) which is plane in a first plane (P1), and in that said second polar masses (4) ) define said second surface (20) which is plane in a second plane (P2) which is parallel to said first plane (P1). Watch case (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said first polar masses (5) are all tangent to a first cylinder (C1) about said axis (D) constituting said first surface (30), and in that said second polar masses (4) are all tangent to a second cylinder (C2) about said axis (D) constituting said second surface (20). Watch case (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said first polar masses (5) are all tangent to a first cone (K1) around said axis (D) constituting said first surface (30) n, and in that that said second polar masses (4) are all tangent to a second cone (K2) about said axis (D) constituting said second surface (20), and said second cone (K2) being substantially parallel to said first cone (K1). Watch case (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that said second cone (K2) is parallel to said first cone (K1). Watch case (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said first polar masses (5) and / or said second polar masses (4) comprise plane surfaces (41; 51) facing said second polar masses (4). or / and first polar masses (5), and whose normals make an angle (α) nonzero with the radial (R) from said axis (D). Watch case (1) according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that all said first polar masses (5) have magnetization or electrification in the same direction relative to each other, or / and that all said second polar masses (4) have magnetization or electrification in the same direction relative to each other. Watch case (1) according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that all said first polar masses (5) are even in number and have alternating magnetization or electrification, or / and that all said second polar masses (4) are even in number and have alternating magnetization or electrification. Watch case (1) according to one of Claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the magnetization or the electrification of the said first surface (30) and the second surface (20) tends to bring the said bezel (2) closer to a bottom (6; 60) that includes said middle part (3) on the opposite side to said bezel (2) or that carries said middle part (3) on the opposite side to said bezel (2). Mechanism (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said second component (200) is rotatable about said first component (300) about an axis of revolution (D), and that it comprises second guide means (210) arranged to cooperate with first complementary guide means (310) that comprises said first component 3) and adjacent said first surface (30) and second surface (20) disposed on both surfaces of revolution coaxial with said axis (D). Mechanism (100) according to claim 15, characterized in that it constitutes a drum barrel with no sliding flange, and in that said first component (300) and said second component (200) constitute both coaxial portions, respectively inner and outer, of a ratchet, said first component (300) carrying a plurality of first polar masses (5) distributed over a first cylindrical surface (C1) of axis (D) and said second component (200) carrying a plurality of second polar masses (4) distributed over a second cylindrical surface (C2) of axis (D). Movement (500) having a mechanism (100) according to claim 15 or 16. Watch (1000) comprising a watch case (1) according to one of claims 4 to 14, and / or a movement (500) according to claim 17.

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