EP2998268B1 - Equine intraoral device for optimising the well-being of the horse during the various equestrian disciplines - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an equine intraoral device. It is intended to predispose the mandible to maintain a position of neutrality conducive to riding in respect of biomechanical and cognitive imperatives essential to the general economy of the body and the well-being of the horse, to be a alternative to the jaws.

To adhere to what is proposed to him, the horse must remain permeable to the solicitations of his rider. This is achieved thanks to the bits that allow to maintain an active communication with the horse. This activity becomes penalizing since the horse is no longer able to support the legitimacy of the demands, defends himself by gritting his teeth before stiffening his neck. The embarrassment of the horse comes from his fear not to be able to demobilize his jaw in time for it to find a position of physiological protection, called tonic rest, in which the teeth do not touch. Because of the thresholds that he feels to be exceeded, by clenching his teeth, hoping to protect himself, he becomes the victim of his determination. Hyperactivity on the jaws can only increase the problem. Indeed, these steps lock all the protection systems of the animal organization which, parasitized, exposes itself to its decompensation.

The equine intraoral device of the present invention diverts the mind from painful movements and thanks to its inter-incisal plane (1) traversed by pierced reliefs (12) (8) removes dento-dental contacts, materializes and privileges the Neutrality benchmark named free space or postural rest zone, thanks to its posterior bead (13) maintain in respect of animal biomechanical rules the legitimacy of the actions of the bit (s), or is the alternative.

We know by the patent application French, rejected, no. 2688774 a device intended to relax the equidae during their uses; the thickness of the inter-incisal bead recommended to prevent the total closure of the jaws is of the order of 1.8 cm. Such a height prevents the physiological sequences of swallowing from occurring. Indeed, the lingual-mandibular reflex during salivary swallowing is done by molar setting. An overestimation of wedging of more than 4 mm, value of the free space obtained after the sequence of the swallowing reflex, causes local disturbances whose lingual dysfunctions seem innocuous compared to the chain reactions that they cause at the level of the whole body.

In addition, the French patent application describes a bead surface that can be concave. This implies unequal support when the opposing teeth come into contact with it. This inequality generates impressions at the level of unequal temporomandibular joints.

The irregularity penalizes the articular capsule of the most requested articulation, it is a source of disturbances at a distance.

On the other hand, the same patent application describes a device intended to make the horse receptive to orders in peace. The great thickness of the bead, 1,8 cm, and the inclination of the random specified bead remove all possibilities of isometric contractions of the elevating muscles of the mandible and the distance of the bearing on the posterior wedging are such that the the entire neuromuscular and articular balance of the manducatory apparatus is compromised. Indeed, the posture of the tongue, the salivary swallowing and the isometric contractions of the elevating muscles of the mandible are inseparable from the neuromuscular balance of the whole organism. To escape the constraints, the tongue becomes hypertonic, distorts the effects of the bit (s), becomes serpentine, or hypotonic and hangs out of the mouth. If the foreign body remains in the mouth, nervousness is the rule.

The referenced patent application 2688774 describes a bead preventing closure of the jaws of equines and a clipping system, hooking or any other method used for fixing dental prosthesis on the same teeth.

Since the demand 2688774 does not specify the nature of the teeth covered by the bead, that there is a correlation between the retention of the covered teeth and the fastening system on these same teeth, the person skilled in the art knowing that in the horse the hooks are not retentive or do not exist, only the incisors will be covered to participate in the retention.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from the application 2688774 in that it covers the hooks (17), in that it has a mucosal overlap palatal extension (10).

The patent application 2688774 describes a fixation on the teeth by any process used in prosthesis fixation.

Usually, the person skilled in the art seeks the retention of removable prostheses by reducing their games as much as possible, making them fixed by means of activated hooks between or on the vestibular parts of the teeth.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from the application 2688774 in that it is the mode of interlocking which by a certain game compensated by the soft friction and balancing proportions h / 1 ≥ 3 (15) and h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18), determines the positioning and width characteristics 1 of the inter-incisal plane (1), of length L of the palatal mucosal covering plane (10) , ensures the stability of the device whose relative relative immobility depends on h / 1 ≥ 3 (15) and its soft play depends on h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18).

The patent application 2688774 describes protuberances on the labial side intended to play the lips to increase the effect of relaxation.

The play of the lips to which recourse 2688774 to major disadvantage of making the horse "chatty", unresponsive, excited.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from 2688774 in that the forward or backward extension of the inter-incisal plane (1) is under the control of h / 1 ≥ 3 (15), determines the lips to remain neutral, avoids their play. It is the general inclination of the dental (2) and lateral vestibular prolongations, which externally and in the sense of the height, by deviating from the free edge of the incisors makes spread the lower lip of the inferior one in a constant way, minimizes his play along the extension. The mandibular opening is then optimized in the calm labial and the attention of the horse is increased.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from 2688774 in that it comprises a posterior bead (13) or other reliefs (13) situated behind the hooks (17) and in front of the premolars, in that it comprises an inter-incisal plane (1) traversed by pierced reliefs (12) (8).

We know by the patent American published n ° 4380888 a device whose inter-molar plane associated with side rings invites the bit to stay in good place despite the hyperactivity of the actions of the rider to want to subtract. The molar support does not disengage the temporal muscles to relax upon the support of the opposing teeth on the molar interposition plate; now, it is the inhibition of the contractions of the elevating muscles which must be sought and the molar overload amplifies their contractions. All these muscles become hyperactivities parafunctional and cause gradually decompensations harmful to the body.

We know by the patent English published number 720, 226 a device whose thin protective sheath worn over the teeth is intended to give them an embellishment, to improve the ways of biting and chewing, to reduce the cariogenic incidence.

Since the patent number 720, 226 does not specify the dimension of thinness, the person skilled in the art knows that in order to improve the ways to chew, this thinness must be sought towards a value that tends to 0 to release as much as possible the height of the free space and favor the mandibular resting height between chewing cycles.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from the patent published 720.226 in that its thinness is sought towards a value which comes to the limit of the height of the free space in order to materialize it. This inter-incisal thickness tends to saturate the height of the free space, tends to 4 mm.

The referenced patent 720, 226 does not specify the nature of the covered teeth, the person skilled in the art knows that to improve the methods of chewing, the premololar contacts are mandatory, that the bite plan must impact all teeth. The recovery of all teeth increases dento-dental pressures. Indeed, by globalizing a bearing surface, the personal periodontal proprioception of the teeth disappears and the general masticatory force is considerably increased. In addition, the premolar-molar support engages the temporal muscles to contract during the support of the opposing teeth on the premolemolar interposition plate. The premolar-molar overload amplifies the contraction of the elevating muscles of the mandible, enhances the mandibular closure.

The device of the present invention differs from 720, 226 in that only the incisors and the canines are covered. This partial covering frees the jaws of premolemary contact. This absence of posterior contacts eliminates dento-dental pressure, invalidates the value of the masticatory coefficient, decreases the masticatory force, inhibits contractions of the temporal muscles, enhances the mandibular opening.

The referenced patent 720, 226 describes an embellishment protection whose outer face follows the shape of the teeth, which is serrated to correspond to the divisions between them and allow ordinary skill of the lips between them.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from 720, 226 in that it has external external and lateral vestibular surfaces, which, by moving away from the shape of the teeth, deliberately deviate from the free edge of the incisors and hooks, cause an inclination of the outer and outer lateral vestibular surfaces of the dental coverings (2) flowing towards the free edge of the lips, of the same slope for those of the vestibular surfaces of the lateral mucosal extensions in order to cause a decrease in the competence of the lips between them, labial retraction that potentiates the mandibular opening. In addition, all external surfaces have a polished surface without the presence of serrations to prevent the free edges of the inclination of the vestibular and lateral surfaces to become a source of discomfort, to trigger a vicious labial play detrimental to the patient. the horse's attention.

The referenced patent 720, 226 describes a protection to improve the ways of biting, shaped drawings as sharp as necessary, a sheath that externally follows the orientation of the teeth, partial gingival recovery, random.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from the patent 720, 226 in that the entire maxillary or mandibular mucosal vestibular extension (3) covers the alveolar processes and the adjoining gingiva, in that the dental vestibular extension (2), in its external part, or the external lateral parts do not follow the orientation of the teeth, in that all external surfaces are polished, rounded, without a shaped pattern. It should be known that the upper lip in the horse is prehensile, which is an extremely sensitive organ of the touch, containing specific sensory and motor receptors (point VG 26) ... The external mucosal and dental extensions as they are programmed, characterized and claimed by the present invention challenge the horse, help him to deliver unpleasant situations, the mechanical power of shear is reduced, by transfers or associations of new ideas the device relaxes, deters the horse from biting.

The referenced patent 720, 226 describes a protection to reduce the cariogenic risk.

The person skilled in the art knows that saliva contains anti-cariogenic elements, that its fluid presence is essential. However, the sheath of the device described in the patent 720, 226 isolates teeth from the benefits of salivary activity.

The device of the present invention differs from 720, 226 in that the oral fluids can creep below the extensions thanks to the palatal spacings, to be exchanged thanks to the pierced reliefs, that they bathe the dental organs.

The patent referenced 720, 226 describes a protection whose sheath is shaped internally to adapt to the manner of a dental prosthesis.

The person skilled in the art knows that in order to adapt, a removable prosthesis must be applied accurately against the mucosal bearing surfaces, must have close connections between the underside of the device and the mucous membranes such that the spacings must not exist.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from the device 720, 226 in that the palatal mucosal extension (10) is spaced from the mucosal surfaces by a minimum value of 5 mm. This spacing is due to the presence of the reliefs located at the intrados of the palatal mucosal covering plane (10), the posterior bead (13), or other reliefs (13). The play of this extension invites the mouth opening, gives softness to the whole, mobilized by its soft play the device dice the opening mandibulaire.

The patent referenced 720, 226 describes a sheath whose resilience allows it to be easily removable starting from the back, shaped like a dental prosthesis.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device of the present invention differs from the device 720, 226 in that its retention, its stability and its soft play depend neither on its resilience, nor its picking, but its interlocking mode conditioned by proportions h / 1 ≥ 3 (15), h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18) and its parameters (h: height of the vestibule at the central incisors, forceps in the horse, including the height of the teeth, alveolar processes to the anterior vestibular cul de sac, 1: width of the inter-incisal plane (1) in its sagittal dimension, L: length of the palatal covering plane (10)); nesting mode programmed by playing on these parameters. These proportions avoid the disengagement of the device during the mandibular opening despite the soft game sought. In horses, the obligation to have a width of the incisal plane (1) proportional to the width of the free edge of the incisors (width at the level of the free edge of the tongs identical to that of the collar), to have an extension horizontal forward and the sides due to the presence of dental extensions fleeing the free edge of the incisors and hooks claimed to retract the upper lip (for a maxillary device), the obligation to obtain a soft play due to the posterior palatal extension (10), cause a cantilever that must be corrected by playing on the width 1 of the inter-incisal plane (1), on the length L of the posterior palatal extension ( 10), as a function of the height h, dimension of the anterior vestibular height, immutable, specific to each horse, according to proportions evaluated by the formulas h / 1 ≥ 3 (15) and h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18) . These proportions summarize the limits of the correction that can be made on the horizontal dimensions forward or / and back of the extension of the inter-incisal plane (1), allows a stable mode of interlocking whose relative immobility is at soft game.

The device of the present invention differs from the referenced patent 720, 226 in that its disinsertion can not be done from the back to the front. Indeed, the language of the horses has a strong power, great possibilities of sagittal and lateral extensions without comparison with our limited human possibilities; hence the evidence to prevent the device from being removed from the back to the front. The height h of the dento-mucous vestibular extension (2), (3), being three times greater or more than the width 1 of the inter-incisal plane (1) allows the disinsertion to be done only from the front to back.

The referenced patent 720, 226 discloses a possible use on the teeth of horses, including that of improving chewing without mentioning other characteristics than those that can be exploited in humans. In addition to the remarks made before, chewing in horses lasts between 16 and 18 hours per day. In fact, the continuous growth of the horses' teeth is compensated by the wear caused by chewing. The protection proposed by the device of the patent 720, 226 This would prevent this wear from occurring and rapid tooth erosion would cause an unbearable overocclusion for the horse.

The device of the present invention differs from the patent 720, 226 in that its time of use being done only during the equestrian times, periods except meal, remains without influence on the dental égression. The set of characteristics disclosed by the patent 720, 226 are not transposable on the teeth of horses can not potentiate the mandibular openings or boost the mandibular bilaterality. Because of the essential differences between the masticatory apparatus of our two species, these differences mean that if generalities can be universalized, specific corrigatives must control particularisms.

The device of the present invention aims to eliminate the problems denounced above; to provide an inter-incisal plane (1) traversed by pierced reliefs (12) (8) whose thickness is at the limit of the value of the free space; whose inclination blends perfectly with the incisive occlusal plane, stimulates the mandibular bilaterality, and allows the tongue to perform its function of swallowing. According to the invention, this object is achieved by an equine buccal device according to claim 1.

Thus, the nociceptive reflex of inhibition of the trigeminal nerve can take place, reduces the intensity of the contractions of the temporal muscles, releases the organism from the muscular hypertonicities which disorganize it; to provide a posterior bead (13) or other reliefs (13) located at the rear of the incisors and in front of the premolars whose overall height is the sum of the height of the enclosed canines and an added value which depends on the felt of each horse but always higher than the height of the postural field of rest therefore of the inter-incisal plane (1). The posterior bead (13) or other reliefs (13) included in the underside (16) of the posterior palatal covering (10) oversized relative to the free space does not cause any physiological disturbance because of the presence of the diastems separating the premolar wedges at the level of both maxillae in horses (equine peculiarity). The posterior bead (13) or other reliefs (13) primarily participate in potentiating the mandibular opening through the mental representation of the new sensation they provide against the tongue.

The device comprises as a first feature an inter-incisal (1) or / and incisivo-canine plane which removes the premolomolar dento-dental contacts. In the absence of the device, when abusive contacts exist, they prevent the masticatory apparatus from finding the musculotendinous rest of reference and the horse can no longer adapt to the equestrian constraints is defended. Indeed, these dento-dental contacts come from violent and lasting contractions of the elevating muscles of the mandible (masseter, temporal, pterygoid). They reflect their faults on the general posture and the disorders are established.

The device comprises as a second characteristic the obligation to insinuate itself in limit of the value of the free space. This postural rest field is genetically programmed in each animal species. It is around 4 mm in equines. It is determined in time when the contractions of the elevating muscles of the mandible compensate perfectly those of the lowering muscles (digastrics). Follows a myotatic reflex of occlusal release materialized by the free space of 4 mm which puts at rest the musculo-tendinous system of the maxillae necessary to maintain the harmony between the different systems of the general organization of the animal.

The device has as its third characteristic its relative immobility on the incisal block and / or incisivo-canine. Indeed, the physiological obligation to swallow saliva periodically requires the hyoid bone (tongue bone) to provide a fixed posterior anchoring point so that the tongue can perform its specific movement of swallowing. This fixity depends on a firm and stable support of the dental arches between them, support determined on the inter-incisal plane (1) thanks to the end-to-end occlusion, an equine specificity.

The device comprises, as a fourth characteristic, the obligation to respect the inclination of the incisive (reference) occlusal plane. The thickness of the incisal plane (1) must be identical on the 6 incisors. Indeed, when the 6 antagonistic teeth meet the device, the support must be distributed equally. The muscular engagement of the elevating muscles must be isotonic and isochronous so as not to disrupt the symmetry of the support and to ensure decompression of the temporomandibular joints equivalent to right and left during the disengagement.

The device comprises as a fifth characteristic a palatal plane of mucous covering (10) when it is maxillary. This prolongation encourages the opening of the mandible to manifest. The intrados of the plane (16) can be covered with half balloon shapes and its posterior edge (11) is embellished with a posterior bead (13) more or less high protruding transversely at the level of the bars in the space between incisors and premolars, in contact with the palatal mucosa. They potentiate the mandibular opening. Their heights depend on the feeling of each horse. The height of the posterior bead (13) is always greater than the thickness of the inter-incisal plane (1). The palatal mucosal recovery plan (10) stimulates the organ of Jacobson (flehmens associated with its mouthing), saturates the arteriovenous and / or nervous system of this organ, calms whole males. The posterior bead (13) allows the horse to make a mental representation of his mandibular closure, the path and the imminent arrival of the incisal contact on the incisal plane (1). So, after this spotting, it is possible for him to stop closing before finishing this action; (search for lightness in riding).

The device comprises, as sixth characteristic, auxiliary structures (12) (8) distributed along the inter-incisal plane (1). In the form of half-balloons or bulges trapping the air, they can be drilled. They are intended to give the horse the opportunity to play on it, to release collected oral fluids or other included products (eg medicinal ...) whose appetite rewards this game. These additional structures (12) help to find, after each loosening, the position of muscle neutrality and allow the adjustment of the plane. They behave as pressure sensors or other data recorders, can contain, so that associated with the posterior bead (13), it becomes possible to objectively evaluate the optimum size of the barrel of the jaw, its diameter or / and its ideal position in the mouth in the direction of the height; according to the pressure values recognized and balanced at the incisor level, harmoniously distributed (electro-myographic study), it is sufficient to find the height of the posterior bead (13) corresponding to the maintenance of these values. Thus, the posterior bead (13) becomes the dimensional marker. It indicates the diameter of the bit of the bit to be adopted to the horse in respect of the biomechanical and cognitive requirements specific to each horse. These reliefs (12) also make it possible to compensate for the most appropriate pressure of the tightening of the noseband according to objective data (1/2 balloons crushed by the tightening, maximum pressure mark). Settings that are currently done empirically, can be detrimental to the well-being of the horse. It should be noted that the device of the present invention can instrument the mouths of other mammals. Data loggers and in particular pressure sensors that can harmonize or re-harmonize with precision a free space whose dimensions have been lost (bruxomania, prosthetic rehabilitation), allow a preventive visualization of future disorders, (excessive pressure ).

The device comprises as a seventh characteristic a polished surface state. This plain surfacing avoids discomfort against the mucous membranes of the eyes, lips and lips, allows contacts to be identified thanks to bite marks on the bearing surface of the incisal plane (1), to optimize its adjustment.

The device has as an eighth characteristic a soft-friction dento-mucous friction to avoid proprioceptive avoidance or rejection reactions. Indeed, any foreign body in the mouth is a nuisance to which the horse can adapt only if the comfort provided is superior to the interference.

The device comprises as a ninth characteristic a perfect adaptation of its reliefs and internal recesses corresponding to those on which it is based. Its internal sculpture faithfully reproduces the dental contours, the interdental spaces, the alveolar processes, the undercuts. This dental adjustment depends on the retention of the device.

The device comprises as the tenth characteristic notches (9), roughnesses (9), perforations (9), located distally with respect to the incisors called wedges, distributed on the outer lateral parts of the device, these digital retentions (9) facilitate its insertion and its disinsertion.

The device comprises, as eleventh characteristic, the fact that its vestibular mucous rim (4) does not reach the bottom of the vestibules (except at the level of the zone of point VG 26) so as not to interfere with the zones of muscular insertions and not be destabilized by their games. It must exceed the line of greatest contour (14) of their profiles to remain stable.

The device comprises as a twelfth characteristic adequate elasticity conferred thanks to good flexibility and high strength of the material. It must not crack or tear when the opposing teeth reach the bite plane even if the mechanical stresses are frequent and powerful.

The device comprises, as thirteenth characteristic, a biocompatibility obligation with the mucous tissues. It must be non-cytotoxic, non-genotoxic and hypoallergenic. It must not be able to degrade easily under usual conditions.

The device comprises, as the fourteenth characteristic, an inter-incisal plane (1) formed of several sub-layers fused to one another to obtain the ideal thickness. In riding, the optimum thickness, except in special cases, is that of the postural field of rest, of the order of 4 mm in the horse. A thickness of 1 mm allows the advantages already mentioned but may not preserve enough the masticatory device molar interferences at the end of the closing path of the temporomandibular joints. These interferences behave like dental prematurity. They cause mandibular deviations from avoidance, asymmetrical muscular contractions and / or atypical elevators that lead to tightness in the joint capsules of the temporomandibular joints. These very reflexogenic capsules, echo their dysfunctions on the general posture of the horse. To compensate for this imbalance, the horse adapts by adopting attitudes that distance him from the straightness sought in riding. By increasing mm after mm the thickness of the inter-incisal plane (1), the imbalance disappears and the straightness reappears. This rectitude depends on the mandibular dynamics in its laterality path, a dynamic that, in the absence of the inter-incisal plane (1), is cyclic unilaterally and asymmetrically over time. The inter-incisal plane (1) allows an immediate mandibular bilaterality unknown to the horse. Thanks to it, the contractions of the pterygoid muscles are balanced and the temporomandibular joints can escape their positions of adaptation convenience. That genetically programmed is found thanks to the slip on the polished surfacing of the support of the inter-incisal plane (1). The whole of the manducatory apparatus formed of the triad teeth, temporomandibular joints, muscles, unlocks and the horse finds a freedom of movements unsuspected. The thickness of the interincisal plane (1) can in some cases exceed the postural field of rest. For example, in horses deprived of end-to-end contact at the incisors, jaws known as "parrot beaks", the enormous molar pressures are never compensated by the incisive contacts that possess periodontal proprioception. This fundamental proprioception causes excessive pressure to stretch the periodontal fibers that surround the teeth, and this stretching becomes disproportionately loose teeth instinctively. This process is orphaned by the Begut horses. The device of the present invention artificially recreates anterior contacts through the inter-incisal plane (1) extended forwards or backwards with a thickness greater than the free space. It relieves the horse and improves its abilities very sensibly.

The device comprises as a fifteenth characteristic a niche-shaped space located between the posterior bead (13) and the distal portion of the inter-incisal plane (1). This space can accommodate and protect in the thickness of the various merged layers a miniaturized camera in order to autonomously visualize the physiological behavior of the language, possible dysfunctions, during the various functions in which it is involved (swallowing), to discover the internal shifts of the internal tables, to visualize the aggressive contacts during the mandibular movements (chewing).

The device comprises, as the sixteenth characteristic, a mode of nesting controlled in proportions h / 1 ≥ 3 (15) and h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18), so that the retention by soft friction can be optimized, reservoirs ( 7) in the form of half-balloons or other reliefs, pierced or not depending on the elasticity of the thermoformable or thermoplastic material and the salivary activity of the horse, are distributed facing incisor vestibular areas (2) or mucous membranes (3). ). They participate to create, thanks to their depressions, an effect favorable to the soft game sought.

The device comprises, as the seventh characteristic, an extension (8) at the free edge of the inter-incisal plane (1), in the form of a tongue, a bead or a rounded, pierced relief, which causes the lips to remain neutral during swallowing. , helps invigorate the mandibular opening.

The device comprises, as eighteenth characteristic, an inclination of the dental vestibular extension (2) which must flow outward from below upwards for a mandibular device or from top to bottom for a maxillary device the free edge of the incisors. Thus, the lips tend to deviate and their separations invite the maxillae to be.

The device comprises as nineteenth characteristic an inclination of the same slope as that described above at its side portions and along the lateral flanking of the palatal mucosal extension (10) and those of the vestibular surfaces of mucosal extensions (3) in direction of the cheeks to avoid lips too thick to come arm the mouth.

• La figure 1 représente une vue intérieure qui montre un mode de réalisation du dispositif mandibulaire.
• La figure 2 représente une vue intérieure qui montre un mode de réalisation du dispositif maxillaire.
• La figure 3 représente une coupe de profil du dispositif maxillaire.
• La figure 4 représente une coupe de profil schématisant le mode d'emboitement du dispositif.
• La figure 5 représente une coupe de profil schématisant le mode d' emboitement complet du dispositif.
• La figure 6 représente une coupe de profil de l'ensemble des figures 3,4,5

Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent in the description which follows. All refer to the accompanying drawings given solely by way of examples and in which:

• The figure 1 represents an inside view which shows an embodiment of the mandibular device.
• The figure 2 represents an inside view that shows an embodiment of the maxillary device.
• The figure 3 represents a profile section of the maxillary device.
• The figure 4 represents a profile section schematically the device interlocking mode.
• The figure 5 represents a profile section schematizing the mode of complete interlocking of the device.
• The figure 6 represents a profile section of the set of figures 3,4,5

With reference to the drawing of the figure 1 , the device of the invention comprises an inter-incisal plane (1) which tends to saturate the height of the postural field of rest to remove premol-molar dento-dental contacts, inhibit the contractions of the temporal muscles, prevent prematurity at the molar when the maxillae come into contact. The dental support on the device allows the swallowing to preserve the myotatic reflex that creates the free space in which the device creeps. Thus, the nociceptive reflex of inhibition of the trigeminal nerve or maxillary opening reflex exists and the muscular hyperactivity of the temporal muscles decrease in intensity and frequency. The inter-incisal plane (1) comprises pierced reliefs (12) housed along its length, to invite the mandible to move away after a period of soft support, pierced to allow the oral fluids to escape, or to release palatable liquid or other substances previously included to reward his play. The interincisal plane (1) is connected to a dental vestibular extension (2) accompanied by a prolongation of the mucosal vestibular covering (3). Their sculptures and internal surfaces perfectly reproduce the underlying tissues; they can be embellished with reliefs (7) drilled or not to optimize the soft play stability. The slope of these parts may include reliefs (8), or not, and optimize the lip clearance allowing orbicular lips to remain, or neutral, or to engage the opening of the maxillary. The vestibular extension stimulates VG 26, which is located at the base of the anterior vestibule of the upper maxilla. The stimulation of this point is calming (release of endorphins in the blood), encourages the horse to yawn, yawning which allows to stretch the elevating muscles of the mandible, relaxes, is enclosed by a mucous vestibular rim (4) located at beyond the larger contour line (14) to stabilize the device. This edge remains below the bottom of the vestibules to not interfere with the play of muscle insertions of the lips and cheeks. The lingual dental covering plane (5) is the pendant of the vestibular dental covering (2). In the external lateral parts of the device are included reliefs (9) or recesses (9), roughnesses (9), to facilitate its insertion and disinsertion of the mouth. The lateral parts maintain in cohesion the inter-incisal plane (1) with dental (2), mucous (3) and lingual (5) vestibular prolongations.

With reference to the drawing of the figure 2 , the maxillary device comprises, in addition to the features described above, a palatal mucosal extension (10) which includes the hooks of male horses, gelding, breed mares, which extends into this area in mares or foals which do not do not have any. This extension invites to the mouth opening because of its play on palatal mucosal reliefs. The posterior bead (13) or other types of reliefs enclose the posterior edge (11) protruding into the buccal space at the bars and against the palate at the intrados (16) of the palatal mucosal extension ( 10). Their heights depend on the sensitivity of each horse, can measure 5 mm or more or less, higher than the value of the postural field of rest.

With reference to the drawing of the figure 3 , the device schematizes the same characteristics viewed from another angle.

With reference to the drawings of figures 4 , 5 and 6 the device seen in section schematizes its mode of interlocking on the maxillary whose values h / 1 ≥ 3 (15) and h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18) are necessary for the stabilization, the soft play and the corresponding immobility at this game

To understand by what functions the intra-oral device of the present invention performs its functions, it is necessary to refer to the holism of organisms. Thanks to an entanglement of data perfectly entangled with each other, the bodies adapt to the usual conditions of life. Having become disproportionate, the perfection of the wheels is put to a severe test. The power of adaptation counterbalances the difficulties until, when it is outdated, it becomes ineffective or even counterproductive if the adaptive possibilities are dislocated. The liberticidal effects of equine domesticity provoke this scenario. However, any stress prevents finding the mandibular rest materialized by an absence of dento-dental contacts, necessary to any adequate adaptation; any stress causes a muscular hyperactivity of the levers of the mandible. The clenching of the jaws alarms and disturbs the body to the point of dispersing the local inconveniences in general reactions. Thus, in addition to grinding teeth, tongue bites, cheeks, distorted tongue games, molar overloads cause musculotendinous damage at a distance, vertebral imbalances. By insinuating itself in the free space, the intraoral device of the present invention allows the triad teeth, temporomandibular joints, muscles, to find the neutrality allowing the dynamic relaxation, that allowing to live all the equestrian events serenely by this that never subjected to the hyperactivity of the malignant muscular contractions. By eliminating the perverse effects of a hard occlusion, the device of the present invention allows the muscular inhibition of the temporal, makes symmetrical contractions of the pterygoid muscles. These new data, via the hyoid bone, give a favorable orientation to the cervical, program a support of the base of neck, favorable to the wellbeing of the horse and the horsemanship. Thanks to the bilaterality of the mandibular movements obtained, a mandibular unlocking takes place. It calms the horse, facilitates his movements, allows his straightness. During the exercise, the attention of the horse to the feeling given by the bits is more important, the symmetry and the roundness of the paces improve. These new sensations challenge the horse, help him to deliver unpleasant situations and transfer or associations of new ideas, the device relaxes. The adjustment of the noseband, it is very powerful, does not cause any more discomfort, the tongue can move without risk of biting, the dead mouths are cheerful, the talkers are deactivated, the lost ones recover themselves.

The embodiment of the device of the present invention can be done in indirect technique by thermoforming in the laboratory. From a tray, an impression of the maxillary concerned is taken using a heavy type silicone. Casting extra hard plaster, the model is prepared according to the characteristics mentioned and referenced. Thanks to thermoforming plates of different thicknesses, the thermoforming takes place with a thermoforming machine. Customization is done by creating a vacuum between the warmed, softened thermoformable plate and the plaster model.

The embodiment of the device of the present invention can be done in indirect technique by injection, in the laboratory. Once the model is prepared according to the characteristics mentioned and referenced, a wax model is carved; it represents the future device. Put in muffle, the whole is heated in a tank, the wax melts and disappears from the coating thanks to vents. The residual hollow is injected by the thermoplastic substance by means of a specific machine. After polishing, the tailor-made device is perfect. Whether it is a thermoformable material type Erkoflex® or a Thermoplastic material Corflex ® type, their stability over time allows frequent use.

The embodiment of the device can be done in direct technique extemporaneously; thanks to preformed shells whose sizes correspond to typical maxillae, with pre-calibrated interincisal plane thicknesses, the shell is relaunched directly in the mouth with a releasing material of low fluidity with more or less rapid setting. The retouches are carried out out of mouth and a polishing closes the intervention. These relining materials not stability in time and not for vocation to serve many times. It is a technique of ready-to-wear relief, is advantageously used to take a dynamic type of footprint that reproduces the details of muscle insertions and lips in motion. The setting of the material must then be slow.

The imprint addressed to the laboratory allows its treatment thanks to one of the indirect techniques already described, knowing that the colors can be declined from the transparency to the glitter fantasies, while passing by the most visible colors, and the flavorings give an odor to the materials as it evokes a pleasant taste.

The device of the present invention is particularly intended to promote the welfare of the horse during the various equestrian disciplines.

Claims (8)

1. Removable equine buccal device intended to potentiate the mandibular opening and to stimulate the bifaterality of the mandibular movements, consisting of a system positioned behind the incisors and in front of the premolars , characterized in that a posterior bead (13) or other reliefs (13) close the posterior edge (11) of a palatal mucosal covering extension (10) containing other reliefs in the intrados (16), is attached to an inter-incisal plane (1) or incisivo-canin through which there are perforated reliefs (12) (8), which relative immobility has an autonomous mellow play.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the rear bead (13) exceeds that of the value of the enclosed hooks (17), or the estimated value of the hooks if they do not exist, height greater than the value of the height of the free space or resting postural field.
3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the inter-incisal plane (1) is equivalent to the height of the free space.
4. Device according to claim 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the height of the rear bead (13) remains higher than the height of the inter-incisal plane (1).
5. Device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, characterized in that there is a space between the palatal mucous plane and the palatal mucosal covering extension (10).
6. Device according to claim 1, wherein the inclination of the external vestibular surfaces of the dental covers (2) and external lateral vestibular portions form from top to bottom , for a maxillary device, and from the bottom to the top, for a mandibular device, externally, a vestibular (8) and lateral (8) extension of the inter-incisal plane (1) which receding slope in the direction of the free edge of the lips deviates from the free edge of the teeth.
7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the extension of the inter-incisal plane and external lateral vestibular portions have perforated reliefs (8) at their free edges.
8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that its nesting mode is governed according to the proportions h / 1 ≥ 3 (15) and h / L ± 1 ≤ 1 (18), where h is the height of the vestibule at the level of the central incisors, pliers of the horse, including the height of the teeth, from the alveolar processes to the anterior vestibular cul-de-sac, 1 is the width of the inter-incisal plane in its sagittal dimension, and L is the length of the palatal covering plane.

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