EP2994551A1 - Assemblage mécanique à tenue améliorée en fatigue-frottement sous micro-déplacements - Google Patents
Assemblage mécanique à tenue améliorée en fatigue-frottement sous micro-déplacementsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2994551A1 EP2994551A1 EP14726548.2A EP14726548A EP2994551A1 EP 2994551 A1 EP2994551 A1 EP 2994551A1 EP 14726548 A EP14726548 A EP 14726548A EP 2994551 A1 EP2994551 A1 EP 2994551A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- parts
- particles
- mechanical assembly
- fatigue
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/32—Rotors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/008—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression characterised by the composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/04—Helicopters
- B64C27/12—Rotor drives
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of assemblies of mechanical parts with high fatigue loads.
- the invention relates to a mechanical assembly of parts subjected to fatigue-friction stresses under micro-displacement or "fatigue-fretting".
- One method is to design an assembly to limit microdisplacements, for example by using more rigid materials.
- Another method is to limit the frictional forces by the use of coatings with low coefficients of friction on the surfaces in contact.
- Another method is to apply hard deposits on the surface of parts subjected to fretting or to practice surface treatments resulting in residual compressive stresses to avoid or delay the propagation of microcracks arising during fretting wear.
- a mechanical assembly comprising at least two parts fixed together so as to keep said at least two parts clamped together
- the proposed assembly comprises at least one of at least one of the two pieces made of a material comprising a matrix made of titanium or a titanium alloy and comprising particles of titanium carbide and titanium boride ceramics dispersed in a substantially homogeneous manner within the matrix, at least in the subject zone to the effects of fatigue-fretting due to a contact surface with the other piece, ceramic particles of titanium carbide and or titanium boride having at least 0.05 Mm in their smallest dimensions and at most 30 Mm in their largest dimensions.
- At least one of the parts is made integrally in a material comprising a matrix of titanium or a titanium alloy and comprising particles of titanium carbide and titanium boride ceramics. It is thus obtained a piece having the benefit of a slow propagation of microcracks throughout the room.
- the particles of titanium carbide and titanium boride ceramics have spherical or slightly stretched overall shapes, the dimensions of which are between 0.1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m of average diameter, preferably between 0.1 mm and 4 mm in average diameter.
- the particles of titanium carbide and / or titanium boride ceramics have elongated overall shapes, for example needle shapes, the average dimensions of which are between 1 Mm and 20 Mm according to their largest dimensions.
- Elongated shapes may also result from an alignment of substantially spherical particles.
- the average mass concentration of ceramic particles of titanium carbide and or titanium boride is between 5% and 40%, more particularly between 5% and 20%, of the mass.
- the part comprising the particles of ceramics dispersed in the titanium matrix or a titanium alloy, at least in the area of the part subjected to the effects of fatigue-fretting. It is thus preserved elongation properties to the titanium matrix while bringing to the room the expected improvements with respect to fatigue-fretting behavior.
- the mechanical assembly obtained is particularly suitable for assemblies in which the parts, stressed in alternating stresses or vibrations, are fixed by bolting and or riveting and or coupled by a fitting comprising for example grooves.
- the mechanical assembly obtained is also particularly suitable for assemblies formed by a bearing ring fixed on a rotating shaft or formed by a bearing ring fixed in a bearing housing.
- the bearing rings are subjected to significant vibratory forces which cause micro-displacements of the rings relative to the shaft or associated housing and causes the appearance of fatigue-fretting.
- a particular case of mechanical assembly subjected to high forces with a high vibratory environment corresponds to a helicopter rotor hub.
- At least one part of the assembly is made of a material comprising a matrix made of titanium or a titanium alloy and comprising particles of ceramics of titanium carbide and or boride of titanium obtained by a powder metallurgy process in which precursors of the ceramic particles have been mixed with titanium or titanium alloy powders, in the form of elemental powders and or prealloyed, and then subjected to consolidation.
- a substantially homogeneous distribution of the ceramic particles within the matrix is obtained, at least in the zone subjected to the effects of fatigue-fretting, thanks to the process of mixing the powders, and on the other hand a control the shape and dimensions of the ceramic particles by the shapes and dimensions of the particles of the precursor powder and by the control of the thermomechanical treatment conditions, especially during the consolidation phase, which act on the growth of ceramic particles.
- the zone subjected to the effects of fatigue-fretting corresponds in practice to an area in which the surfaces of the parts in contact are subjected to the micro-movements at the origin of the phenomenon and which extends into the room to a thickness in which microcracks propagate under the effect of fatigue induced by friction.
- a thickness is most often of the order of 10 mm or more.
- the material comprising a titanium matrix, or a titanium alloy, and particles of titanium carbide and titanium boride ceramics, to the zone subjected to the effects of fatigue-fretting, it It is possible to make other parts of the part in an unreinforced titanium alloy which gives the parts ordinary characteristics for these alloys.
- the precursors are advantageously compounds based on titanium, carbon and boron, such as TiB 2 and / or TiC, and / or B 4 C and / or boron and / or carbon, which ensure perfect physicochemical compatibility of the ceramics obtained. with the titanium matrix.
- a mixture of 98% titanium and 2% B 4 C by mass gives, after reaction of the precursor with the matrix, a material comprising 8.5% TiB and 3.9% TiCo.s by mass. .
- the mechanical assembly is for example a helicopter rotor or a helicopter rotor hub.
- a mechanical assembly according to the invention comprises at least two assembled parts.
- the two assembled parts are considered in the assembly as immobilized together, but, because of the stresses to which said assembly will be subjected, the two parts will be subject to relative micro-movements during which micro-displacements the surface of each of the parts in contact with the other part will be subjected to friction due to clamping between the parts.
- the two parts are for example two pieces bolted together or a bearing inner ring fixed on a shaft, or a bearing outer ring fixed in a cage.
- the two parts Although held in contact, the two parts, whatever the forces applied to maintain them, are susceptible to small relative movements which are accompanied by friction between the surfaces of the two parts in their contact areas.
- At least one of the two parts consists mainly of a material formed of a titanium matrix, or a titanium alloy, reinforced by particles of titanium carbide and titanium boride ceramics.
- the ceramic particles are distributed in the matrix so as to represent a substantially uniform average density of between 5% and 40% by mass.
- the ceramic particles preferably have dimensions of between 0.1 Mm and 10 Mm in diameter when said particles have spherical or slightly stretched overall shapes.
- the ceramic particles preferably have dimensions of between 1 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m, up to 30 ⁇ m, depending on their greatest dimension when said particles have elongated overall shapes, for example being in the form of needles.
- the transverse dimensions of the elongated particles can be as small as 0.05 Mm.
- the preferred values of the preferred dimensions of the ceramic particles are average values and that, because of the ceramic particle formation processes within the matrix, the dimensions have dispersions that can lead to certain ceramic particles. to have dimensions outside the preferred values. As long as the number of such particles remains proportionally small, less than a few percent, their effects will be negligible.
- titanium carbides and titanium borides with the titanium matrix gives the material of the piece a physicochemical stability essential for the production of parts intended for mechanical assembly.
- microcracks by the ceramic particles at a stage where these microcracks have a length of the order of ten micrometers or less, and or the deviation of the microcracks by the ceramic particles, blocking and deflection which have the consequence of slow the propagation of cracks from the surface subjected to micro-displacement wear.
- the part of the assembly is made of a material obtained by a powder metallurgy process.
- the powder is an elemental powder of the matrix or prealloyed components of the alloy, and contains precursor elements of the ceramic.
- These precursor elements for example dispersed in the form of a powder mixed with the powder of the matrix, making it possible to generate in the titanium matrix the ceramic particles of titanium carbide TiC and titanium boride TiB, are compounds comprising titanium, carbon and boron, in particular TiB2, TiC, B4C, boron, carbon.
- the ceramic particles are formed by reaction during consolidation and or other thermomechanical treatments of the material made from powders under pressure and temperature by known techniques, for example free sintering, sintering under load, additive manufacturing , SPS (Spark Plasma Sintering), hot isostatic compaction, extrusion, forging, ...
- SPS Spark Plasma Sintering
- the control of the mixture of powders makes it possible to obtain densities of the ceramic particles that vary according to the location in the part produced.
- the presence of ceramic particles in the matrix may be limited to certain areas of the room, a priori the areas subjected to the effects of fatigue-fretting due to a contact surface with the other room.
- the material comprising a matrix titanium alloy and titanium carbide and / or titanium boride ceramic particles at the workpiece area subjected to the effects of fatigue-fretting, it is possible to make other parts of the piece in a conventional titanium alloy which gives the parts mechanical characteristics of specific strength and rigidity.
- Such an assembly is for example a mechanical transmission force assembly subjected to a severe vibration environment such as a helicopter rotor or a helicopter rotor hub.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1354191A FR3005433B1 (fr) | 2013-05-07 | 2013-05-07 | Assemblage mecanique a tenue amelioree en fatigue-frottement sous micro-deplacements |
| PCT/EP2014/059387 WO2014180928A1 (fr) | 2013-05-07 | 2014-05-07 | Assemblage mécanique à tenue améliorée en fatigue-frottement sous micro-déplacements |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2994551A1 true EP2994551A1 (fr) | 2016-03-16 |
Family
ID=49237260
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14726548.2A Withdrawn EP2994551A1 (fr) | 2013-05-07 | 2014-05-07 | Assemblage mécanique à tenue améliorée en fatigue-frottement sous micro-déplacements |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160090175A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2994551A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3005433B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014180928A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10336444B2 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2019-07-02 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Composite stiffened rigid propeller shaped main rotor hub |
| CN110564989B (zh) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-07-20 | 江苏大学 | 一种高性能Ti-555型钛合金基复合材料的制备方法 |
| CN118357466B (zh) * | 2024-06-20 | 2024-09-10 | 辽宁材料实验室 | 一种高强韧阻尼耐磨钛合金及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4852531A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-08-01 | Dynamet Technology Inc. | Titanium poppet valve |
| US4906430A (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1990-03-06 | Dynamet Technology Inc. | Titanium diboride/titanium alloy metal matrix microcomposite material and process for powder metal cladding |
| FR2663343B1 (fr) * | 1990-06-13 | 1992-09-11 | Alsthom Gec | Revetement de protection d'une piece metallique en alliage de titane et procede de depot. |
| FR2663342B1 (fr) * | 1990-06-13 | 1993-04-30 | Alsthom Gec | Revetement de protection d'une piece metallique en alliage de titane et procede de depot. |
| US20060289088A1 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2006-12-28 | General Electric Company | Titanium treatment to minimize fretting |
-
2013
- 2013-05-07 FR FR1354191A patent/FR3005433B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-05-07 EP EP14726548.2A patent/EP2994551A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-05-07 US US14/889,732 patent/US20160090175A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-05-07 WO PCT/EP2014/059387 patent/WO2014180928A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2014180928A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3005433A1 (fr) | 2014-11-14 |
| WO2014180928A1 (fr) | 2014-11-13 |
| FR3005433B1 (fr) | 2015-06-26 |
| US20160090175A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
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Extension state: BA ME |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: EUROCOPTER Owner name: AIRBUS (SAS) |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20181019 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 18W | Application withdrawn |
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