EP2985420A1 - Aube de turbine à vapeur - Google Patents

Aube de turbine à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2985420A1
EP2985420A1 EP15167246.6A EP15167246A EP2985420A1 EP 2985420 A1 EP2985420 A1 EP 2985420A1 EP 15167246 A EP15167246 A EP 15167246A EP 2985420 A1 EP2985420 A1 EP 2985420A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
erosion
blade
structured surface
protection
erosion protection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15167246.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Scheunert
Heinrich Zeininger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2985420A1 publication Critical patent/EP2985420A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05D2300/512—Hydrophobic, i.e. being or having non-wettable properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a blade for a steam turbine according to the preamble of independent claim 1 and erosion protection for a blade of a steam turbine according to claim 5 or 6.
  • Blades of low pressure stages of steam turbines have very large diameters and thus very high peripheral speeds, so that drops impinging on a moving blade cause strong drop impact erosions on the blade surface.
  • the steam that is to say the operating medium of the steam turbine
  • partly strong condensation occurs.
  • the condensate settles as liquid film on the guide vanes of the steam turbine.
  • the liquid film is subsequently moved by the vapor flow to the vane trailing edge and dissolves there in the form of drops.
  • the drops of water which have a mean droplet diameter of around 100 ⁇ m, can not be accelerated from the steam flow to the steam velocity due to their high density and therefore strike the blade edge at speeds of around 500 m / s. As a result, they cause strong drop impact erosion, which leads in a short time to the complete destruction of the blade edges.
  • the WO1998 / 014692A1 discloses a vane with a cavity, which is supplied via a fluid line superheated steam.
  • the hot steam ensures heating of the vane and causes so that the condensate can evaporate and so a condensate droplet formation at the trailing edge of the vane can be avoided or at least significantly reduced.
  • hollow vanes are expensive to manufacture and expensive.
  • the DE19546008A1 discloses a blade having in the region of its leading edge and its back surface increased relative to the other surface roughness. Due to the increased surface roughness, a water film forms in this area, which has a dampening effect on the water droplets impinging on the surface. Upon impact of the droplets on the liquid film, however, again liquid droplets are torn out of the liquid film, so that only a limited erosion protection is ge.rmony.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a blade for a steam turbine, which has an improved erosion protection over the prior art. It is another object of the present invention to provide such erosion protection.
  • the blade according to the invention for a steam turbine which at least partially has erosion protection for protection against drop impact erosion, is characterized in that the erosion protection has a structured surface, wherein the individual structural elements of the structured surface are arranged at a distance from one another are that drops with a mean expected droplet diameter T DM impinge on at least two adjacent structural elements.
  • T DM mean expected droplet diameter
  • an advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the structured surface of the erosion protection has an aspect ratio A> 10 and the depth of the structure T> 1mm.
  • the aspect ratio is the ratio of the depth (height) of a structure to its smallest lateral extent.
  • A> 10 and a depth of the structure of T> 1 mm it is ensured that droplets with a droplet diameter of 100 ⁇ m in each case impinge on at least two edges of two adjacent structural elements and are thereby split, so that the pulse entry into the surface of the blades is significantly reduced.
  • the depth of the structure of T> 1mm is sufficient, so that the drop can not hit the bottom of the structure before dividing and there can provide for the destruction of the surface.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the aspect ratio A is preferably> 20 mm. Due to the larger aspect ratio A, the droplet can impinge on more than two edges of the structural elements and thus be split into smaller parts, whereby the impulse entry of the impinging droplet is further reduced.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the structured surface has a regular structure, in particular a mosaic or line structure.
  • the regular structure is technically easy to set up and ensures that the entire structured surface is designed so that all drops that hit the erosion protection are cut.
  • the line or mosaic structures can be produced inexpensively, for example, by means of additive manufacturing processes, such as laser sintering, and also applied to existing surfaces. Retrofitting erosion control at the edges of low pressure steam turbine blades is therefore easily possible and would easily extend the life of the blade and maintenance intervals.
  • the erosion protection according to the invention is characterized in that the erosion protection is an integral part of the rotor blades. This has the advantage that the erosion protection is firmly and captively connected to the blade and can not solve in operation which can lead to damage to the steam turbine.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the erosion protection is designed as a separate erosion protection component, which is connectable to the moving blade.
  • the training of erosion protection as a separate erosion protection component has the advantage that when erosion protection erosion this can be renewed separately and not the entire blade must be replaced. As a result, a more cost-effective maintenance is possible.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the erosion protection has a hard material coating. As a result, the material removal of the surface is again significantly reduced.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the surface of the erosion protection is hydrophobic.
  • the hydrophobic formation has the effect that no water can collect in the structured surface, whereby the effect of the structured surface, namely the division of incident liquid drops on the edges of the structural elements, is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rotor blade 1 for a steam turbine, which has at the front edge of the blade profile erosion protection 2 for protection against drop impact erosion.
  • the erosion protection 2 has a structured surface 3.
  • the structured surface 3 is composed of individual structural elements 4, wherein the individual structural elements 4 of the structured surface 3 are arranged at a distance from one another such that drops having a mean expected diameter T DM impinge on at least two adjacent structural elements 4.
  • T DM mean expected diameter
  • the structured surface 3 of the erosion protection 2 preferably has a regular structure, in particular a mosaic or line structure. Regular structures can be realized more technically. In principle, however, irregular structures in the structured surface 3 are also possible.
  • the line or mosaic structures can be applied cost-effectively to existing surfaces, for example by means of additive manufacturing processes such as selective laser sintering. As a result, a retrofitting of already in operation blades 1 is possible. By the subsequent attachment of erosion protection 2 on the blade 1, the life of the blade and the maintenance interval can be significantly increased even with existing blades.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the structured surface 3 from FIG. 1 ,
  • the structured surface 3 consists of a multiplicity of individual structural elements 4, which are regularly spaced from one another.
  • the structural elements 4 consist of individual cuboid elements.
  • the individual structural elements 4 are arranged at a distance from one another such that the expected mean droplet diameter T DM always impinges on at least two adjacent structural elements 4.
  • the depth / height of the structural elements 4 must be selected such that a sufficient depth / height relative to the mean droplet diameter T DM is present.
  • the ratio of the depth / height of a structure to its smallest lateral extent is also referred to as the aspect ratio.
  • the structured surface 3 should have an aspect ratio A> 10 and preferably have a depth T> 1 mm. This ensures that at the expected average droplet diameters of 100 .mu.m, the droplets in each case impinges on at least two structural elements and is exploded on the structural elements in several small drops.
  • the depth of T> 1mm causes that the large drop does not occur even before the actual splashing into small drops on the bottom of the structured surface 3.
  • the impact energy can be reduced by more than 2/3 with a mean droplet diameter of 100 ⁇ m.
  • the aspect ratio A > 20. Due to the larger aspect ratio A, the liquid drop strikes more than two structural elements and is thus blown up into a plurality of even smaller drops, whereby the impact energy is further reduced.
  • the structured surface or the erosion protection 2 are preferably made hydrophobic. Due to the hydrophobic formation of the surface, no water can settle in the structured surface and thus form a liquid film, which reduces the function of the structured surface 3, namely the breaking up of the impinging liquid droplet.
  • structured surface 3 is only one embodiment of a possible structuring of the surface.
  • the structured surface should, because of the simpler manufacturing, preferably have a regular structure, in particular a mosaic or line structure.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative mosaic structure, wherein the structured surface 3 has individual structural elements 4, which are formed as a circular cylinder.
  • FIG. 4 has a line structure with a V-shaped profile. A more detailed view of this V-profile is shown in FIG. In the case of the line structure, the aspect ratio A results from the depth T of the V profile and the spacing between the tips of the respective V profiles (see FIG Fig. 5 ).
  • the advantage of a regular structure of the structured surface 3 is, above all, the simpler manufacture of the structure.
  • the line or mosaic structures can be produced in a simple manner by means of additive manufacturing processes, for example selective laser sintering, at low cost and applied to existing surfaces. This also makes it possible to retrofit blades with erosion protection. Retrofitting the blades significantly increases the service life and extends service intervals.
  • the invention also includes blades having erosion protection with irregular structures of the structured surface.
  • the structured surface is capable of disrupting the droplets impinging on the textured surface into smaller droplets so as to reduce the impact energy to the surface of the blade and thereby reduce erosion stress on the blade.
  • an erosion-stable and maintenance-free blade 1 can be constructed by the blade 1 according to the invention with erosion protection 2, which is formed by a structured surface 3.
  • erosion protection 2 which is formed by a structured surface 3.
  • Additive manufacturing processes also make it possible to retrofit a rotor blade with a structured surface as erosion protection.
  • the erosion resistance of the structured surface can be further increased by a hard coating and a hydrophobic surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP15167246.6A 2014-07-31 2015-05-12 Aube de turbine à vapeur Withdrawn EP2985420A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014215082.5A DE102014215082A1 (de) 2014-07-31 2014-07-31 Laufschaufel für eine Dampfturbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2985420A1 true EP2985420A1 (fr) 2016-02-17

Family

ID=53177180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15167246.6A Withdrawn EP2985420A1 (fr) 2014-07-31 2015-05-12 Aube de turbine à vapeur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2985420A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014215082A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1024829B1 (fr) * 2016-12-15 2018-07-17 Safran Aero Boosters S.A. Aube rugueuse pour compresseur de turbomachine axiale

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10995624B2 (en) * 2016-08-01 2021-05-04 General Electric Company Article for high temperature service

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304056A (en) * 1965-03-19 1967-02-14 Hitachi Ltd Turbine blades
DE19546008A1 (de) 1995-12-09 1997-06-12 Abb Patent Gmbh Turbinenschaufel, die für den Einsatz im Naßdampfbereich von Vorend- und Endstufen von Turbinen vorgesehen ist
WO1998014692A1 (fr) 1996-09-30 1998-04-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine a vapeur et procede pour le refroidissement d'une turbine a vapeur fonctionnant en mode ventilation
EP1750018A2 (fr) * 2005-08-03 2007-02-07 General Electric Company Surfaces et articles resistants à l'impacte de liquides
US20130236322A1 (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Wayde R. Schmidt Erosion resistant and hydrophobic article
EP2746428A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 Alstom Technology Ltd Revêtement de composants de turbine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304056A (en) * 1965-03-19 1967-02-14 Hitachi Ltd Turbine blades
DE19546008A1 (de) 1995-12-09 1997-06-12 Abb Patent Gmbh Turbinenschaufel, die für den Einsatz im Naßdampfbereich von Vorend- und Endstufen von Turbinen vorgesehen ist
WO1998014692A1 (fr) 1996-09-30 1998-04-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine a vapeur et procede pour le refroidissement d'une turbine a vapeur fonctionnant en mode ventilation
EP1750018A2 (fr) * 2005-08-03 2007-02-07 General Electric Company Surfaces et articles resistants à l'impacte de liquides
US20130236322A1 (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Wayde R. Schmidt Erosion resistant and hydrophobic article
EP2746428A1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 Alstom Technology Ltd Revêtement de composants de turbine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1024829B1 (fr) * 2016-12-15 2018-07-17 Safran Aero Boosters S.A. Aube rugueuse pour compresseur de turbomachine axiale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014215082A1 (de) 2016-02-04

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