EP2966191A1 - Composition de mélange en poudre pour le zingage par thermo-diffusion d'articles en alliages d'aluminium, et procédé de zingage par thermo-diffusion d'articles en alliages d'aluminium - Google Patents

Composition de mélange en poudre pour le zingage par thermo-diffusion d'articles en alliages d'aluminium, et procédé de zingage par thermo-diffusion d'articles en alliages d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2966191A1
EP2966191A1 EP13874224.2A EP13874224A EP2966191A1 EP 2966191 A1 EP2966191 A1 EP 2966191A1 EP 13874224 A EP13874224 A EP 13874224A EP 2966191 A1 EP2966191 A1 EP 2966191A1
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Prior art keywords
container
articles
zinc
powdered
saturating
Prior art date
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EP13874224.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2966191A4 (fr
Inventor
Lyubov Ivanovna PAHOMOVA
Leszek SAWICKI
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AQUA-LIFE SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA
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Gur'ev, Vladimir Anatol'evich
Fomin, Vladimir Fjodorovich
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Publication of EP2966191A1 publication Critical patent/EP2966191A1/fr
Publication of EP2966191A4 publication Critical patent/EP2966191A4/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for thermal-diffusion galvanizing of articles made of aluminum alloys and can find application in all the industries: machine building, automobile manufacture, ship building and aircraft construction, chemical and civil engineering, etc., where pieces, blocks, assemblies of mechanisms and articles made of aluminum alloys work in corrosive media and undergo corrosive damages of various nature.
  • the main material of the powdered mixtures for thermal-diffusion galvanizing is powdered zinc and an activating agent (such as ammonium chloride).
  • a number of Russian and foreign papers are known, aimed to mprove powdered mixtures and enabling to improve the quality (rustproof properties, thickness and uniformity) of zing plating on iron-carbon steels and alloys.
  • an inert filler such as alumina
  • an activating agent such as ammonium chloride
  • the document SU 1571103 published on 15.06.1990 , discloses a composition for thermal-diffusion galvanizing of steel articles, comprising zinc, aluminum and alumina to which nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid is added to intensify the process, to improve effectiveness by the increase of the number of cycles of use.
  • composition for providing a diffusion coating comprising a zinc-containing substance, aluminum, ammonium chloride and an inert filler, to which magnesium and carnallite are added to improve the coating corrosive resistance and to reduce generation of gas, and hard zinc is added as a zinc-containing substance [document SU 1521790, published on 15.11.1989 ].
  • a powdered mixture for thermal-diffusion galvanizing comprising alumina under the form of synthetic corundum or silicon oxide as an inert filler with granularity of no more than 0.2 mm in an amount of 50.0-99.0 % by mass, powdered zinc containing at least 90.0 % by mass of fractions sized up to 0.16 mm in an amount of 0.6 - 40.0 % by mass, and ammonium chloride in an amount of 0.4 - 10 % by mass being used as the activating agent [patent RU 2180018, published on 27.02.2002 ].
  • a drawback of the above mentioned galvanizing compositions resides in the possibility to use them only for rust-preventing processing of articles of carbon and low-alloyed steels, including a high-strength steel, of cast iron, of copper. These mixtures cannot be used for rust-preventing processing of articles of aluminum alloys due to the lack of chemical activity of the activating agent and the inert filler used, or to their insufficient chemical activity, the presence of which does not enable to carry out the process of destroying the film of oxide, nor the subsequent protection of the surface of aluminum alloy articles against its formation, in particular under high-temperature processing, which is in the present case a necessary condition for the galvanizing process course.
  • compositions of powdered mixtures disclosed by the Author's certificates SU 1571103 and SU 1521790 are rather complicated and labor-consuming in manufacture.
  • a drawback of these known processes resides in the possibility to use them to provide high-performance zinc diffusion coatings only on articles of steel, cast iron, copper. These processes cannot be used in antirust protection of articles of aluminum alloys since in this case, zinc coatings are formed with uneven thickness, they are not continuous, rough, porous and presenting an inadmissible number of various defects.
  • the closest composition and process for galvanizing articles of aluminum alloys are disclosed in the China patent No 102002665, published on 03.10.2012 .
  • the disclosed composition comprises in % by weight: powdered zinc 14.9 - 84.5, inert powdered metal oxide (mixture of SiO 2 and AlO 3 , in an amount of 14.5 - 84.9), an activating component (ammonium chloride or ammonium nitrate) in an amount of 0.1-0.5 and an auxiliary component (NH 4 NH 2 SO 3 ) in an amount of 0.1-0.5, the process of galvanizing comprising loading articles of aluminum alloys and said saturating powdered composition into an airtight rotating container, galvanizing at a temperature of 400 ⁇ 10°C for 60-180 minutes, cooling to ambient temperature and passivating.
  • a drawback of this composition lies in the fact that it uses, at different percentages, a powdered mixture composition with the traditionally used, for thermal-diffusion galvanizing iron-carbon steels and alloys, cast iron and copper, such components as the activating agent (ammonium chloride) and the inert filler (silicon oxide or alumina), see, for example, the patent [ RU 2180018, 2012 ].
  • This process comprises conventional galvanizing operations that cannot provide for high-performance coatings on articles of aluminum alloys, such as: placing prepared aluminum alloy articles into an airtight steel container, heating the same to a temperature of 400 ⁇ 10 °C for 60-180 minutes and cooling to ambient temperature.
  • the technical result of the present invention application resides in the fact that using this powdered mixture for thermal-diffusion galvanizing and the process for thermal-diffusion galvanizing mainly for articles of aluminum alloys enable to obtain diffusion zinc coatings, with even thickness (60-65 ⁇ m), that are continuous, faultless, rustproof (the corrosion resistance in a chamber containing a neutral salt fog is not less than 720 hours) on articles of a wide range of aluminum alloys, provides for a lower cost of the process due to a lower cost of the used powdered mixture, as a result of reducing the amount of costly components such as powdered zinc and the activating agent.
  • a powdered mixture composition for thermal-diffusion galvanizing articles of aluminum alloys comprising powdered zinc, an inert filler and an activating agent composed of a mixture of the following components, in % by mass: sodium fluoride 12-15, lithium chloride 20-25, ammonium chloride 10-15, zinc chloride 12-14, potassium chloride to balance, with the following component ratio, in % by mass: Inert filler 55-60 Activating agent 3-5 Powdered zinc to balance.
  • the PTsR-1 powder is used (powdered zinc obtained by pulverizing molten zinc with an inert gas), produced on an industrial scale and having the composition as follows, in % by mass: fractions smaller than 63 ⁇ m, at least 50%; fractions of 63-160 ⁇ m, not more than 40.0; fractions bigger than 160 ⁇ m, not more than 10.0.
  • the metal zinc content is at least 98 % by mass according to the norm GOST 12601-76.
  • the PTsR-1 powdered zinc according to GOST 12601-76 is widely used for thermal-diffusion galvanizing iron-carbon steels and alloys, cast iron and copper in the composition of powdered mixtures comprising, when necessary, various activating agents and inert fillers.
  • inert filler use is made of a high-strength, porous, high-melting material of organogenic origin composed of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium oxides as well as of clay and sand impurities, such as diatomite, opoka, tripolite and others, with the density of 0.7 to 1.0 g/cm 3 , that are an adsorbent, a catalyst and ballast.
  • at least 80 % by mass of inert filler are used with the fraction size of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and up to 20.0 % by mass of inert filler can be used with the fraction size lower than 0.8 mm.
  • the inert filler according to the present invention compared to known inert fillers, such as alumina (synthetic corundum) or silicon oxide used in the closest prior art are characterized by increased adsorbing and catalytic properties, which enables to significantly intensify the process of zinc saturation for the crystal lattice of aluminum alloys.
  • Adsorbing capacity of the inert filler is provided due to its low density and high porosity. Just at such a density, it is possible to provide the needed saturation of the inert filler with zinc from the gaseous and solid phases.
  • the high strength and selected particle size enable the reliable disintegration of the oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloys as well as a double effect during the thermal-diffusion galvanizing, such as: the thermo-chemical one (saturation of the aluminum alloy surface from the gaseous phase) and the mechanical one from the solid phase (at the direct contact of the powdered zinc and of the inert filler with the aluminum alloy surface).
  • activating agent use is made of a mixture composed of the following components, in % by mass: sodium fluoride NaF 12-15, lithium chloride LiCl 20-25, ammonium chloride NH 4 Cl 12-15, zinc chloride ZnCl 2 12-14, potassium chloride KCl to balance.
  • potassium chloride KCl and sodium fluoride NaF increase the thermal-diffusion activity of zinc, enable dissolving aluminum and zinc oxides
  • lithium chloride LiCl promotes the diffusion process acceleration thanks to the increased thermodynamic activity of zinc, increases the density and the corrosion resistance of zinc coatings, dissolves aluminum and zinc oxides
  • ammonium chloride NH 4 Cl promotes formation of a protective atmosphere in the furnace, promotes the galvanizing reaction acceleration due to the active mixing of reacting materials, to the density increase of the zinc coating
  • zinc chloride ZnCl 2 promotes the zinc diffusion process acceleration due to the increase of its thermodynamic activity, to the dissolution of aluminum and zinc oxides, to the reduction of zinc.
  • the content of chemically active components in the activating agent provides for reliable protection of the aluminum alloy surface against the formation of an oxide film at galvanizing high temperatures, enabling by the fact, together with the inert filler of the present invention, the formation of high-performance, rustproof zinc coatings.
  • the constant pressure inside the container is created by active gaseous substances escaping from the saturated powdered mixture on heating.
  • the treatment of the articles in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with the passivating solution is performed until the deposited powdered zinc layer is completely eliminated from the surface of the article.
  • the need for a preliminary treatment of the surface of aluminum alloy articles with shots of austenitic or austenitic-ferritic steels, having the fineness of 0.3-0.4 mm is conditioned by several factors.
  • the use of shots having the fineness of 0.3-0.4 mm enables to destroy the high-strength oxide film on the articles of aluminum alloys and to form a film of oxide of austenitic or austenitic-ferritic steel that is easily disintegrated under the effect of the powdered mixture and of the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compositions) released from the same under heating during the thermal-diffusion galvanizing.
  • the use of the poured powdered mixture and of the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compositions) released by the same under heating does not allow the oxide film to get rebuilt on the surface of aluminum alloy articles during the thermal-diffusion galvanizing process.
  • shots having the fineness less than 0.3 mm does not enable to destroy the film of oxide on the surface of aluminum alloy articles due to the insufficiency of its mass and of the impact energy.
  • shots with the fineness exceeding 0.4 mm substantially increases the surface roughness of the processed articles of aluminum alloys.
  • the need to load the articles of aluminum alloys and the saturating powdered mixture into the container previously heated to the temperature of 100-120°C is conditioned by the fact that the saturating powdered mixture is characterized by its high water-absorbing capacity.
  • the preliminary heating of the container to said temperature enables to considerably decrease the moisture concentration in the same and, hence, in the saturated powdered mixture as well. It is necessary to note that at a higher moisture content in the saturated powdered mixture (at a temperature in the container lower than 100°C), the latter becomes lumpy, and consequently, during the thermal-diffusion galvanizing, no full contact of the saturating powdered mixture with the surface of aluminum alloy articles is provided, which will deteriorate the zinc coating quality.
  • Preliminary heating of the container to a temperature above 120°C is not expedient from the point of view of economy or technology.
  • the need to place the container into a furnace preheated to 100-120°C is determined by the need to avoid any cooling of the container and, therefore, any possibility of moisture increase in the saturating powdered mixture.
  • the container can be cooled and, as a consequence, the moisture content in the container and in the saturating powdered mixture can increase, which leads to nodulizing of the same, and, therefore, no full contact of the saturating powdered mixture with the surface of aluminum alloy articles will be provided, which is accompanied by some decrease of the zinc coating quality.
  • Preliminary heating of the furnace to a temperature above 120°C is not expedient from the point of view of economy or technology.
  • the need to cool the furnace with the processed articles of aluminum alloys to 100-120°C after finishing the thermal-diffusion galvanizing process, to remove the articles from the container and to cool them in water is conditioned by the need to clean the treated article surfaces to eliminate the residues of saturating powdered mixture adhered to the same.
  • a lower temperature in the furnace before cooling the articles in water does not provide for a high-performance cleaning.
  • a higher temperature in the furnace before the cooling leads to the deformation of the articles and to eventual modification of their original sizes.
  • the layer of powdered zinc deposited on the surface of aluminum alloy articles is characterized by an important potential difference compared to that of the aluminum alloy, as well as to the diffusion zinc layer.
  • the deposited zinc layer is characterized by a higher positive value of the electrolytic potential compared to the electrolytic potential of the diffusion zinc layer and of aluminum alloy, therefore, it represents an oxidant with respect to the latter, which may have a negative effect on the rustproof properties of the article.
  • the zinc coating thickness was determined by a metallographic method on cross-sectional micro section specimens with the use of the MMR-4 microscope, the micro section specimen etching being carried out in a 1% hydrofluoric acid solution.
  • thermal-diffusion galvanizing was carried out as follows. Articles made of aluminum alloy AMg6 (GOST4784-74) were previously treated with shots having the fineness of 0.3-0.4 mm, made of the austenitic steel 12X18H10T until the strong oxide film of the aluminum oxide was completely removed and an oxide film of austenitic steel was formed. The articles and the saturating powdered mixture were loaded into a container previously heated to the temperature of 100-120°C. Use was made of the saturating powdered mixture of the above disclosed composition, able to release, at the temperature of galvanizing, active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds).
  • the container was sealed and loaded into a furnace previously heated to 100-120°C.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing process was carried out at the temperature of 420-430°C for 1 hour at B constant rotation rate of 1-2 rpm of the container.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing was carried out at a constant pressure inside the container of 1.8-2.2 atm., developed by the saturating gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released by the powdered mixture under heating.
  • the container was removed from the furnace, the articles were taken off the container and cooled down in water to eliminate the saturating powdered mixture adhered to the surface.
  • the specimens made of aluminum alloy AMg6 (GOST4784-74) are pretreated with shots having the fineness of less than 0.3 mm and made of austenitic steel, 12X18H10T grade.
  • the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture are loaded into a container preheated to the temperature of 100-120°C.
  • a saturating powdered mixture composed of powdered zinc, an activating agent and an inert filler, at their ratio as follows, in % by mass: Inert filler 55-60 Activating agent 3-5 Powdered zinc to balance, able to release, under heating to the temperature of galvanizing, active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds).
  • the container is sealed and loaded into a furnace previously heated to 100-120°C.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing process is carried out at the temperature of 420-430°C for 1 hour at a container constant rotation rate of 1-2 rpm.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is carried out at a constant pressure inside the container of 1.8-2.2 atm., developed by the saturating gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released by the saturating powdered mixture under heating.
  • the container After cooling the furnace to the temperature of 100-120°C, the container is removed from the furnace, the articles are taken off the container and cooled down in water to eliminate the saturating powdered mixture adhered to the surface.
  • ⁇ ⁇ Al- ⁇ Zn ⁇ 0, where ⁇ is a difference of electrolytic potentials (B), ⁇ Al - is the electrolytic potential of the aluminum alloy (B), ⁇ Zn - is the electrolytic potential of the diffusion zinc layer (B).
  • the specimens made of aluminum alloy AMg6 (norm GOST4784-74), are pretreated with shots having the fineness above 0.4 mm and made of austenitic steel, 12X18H10T grade.
  • Example 1 Loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture into the container is carried out like in Example 1.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 1.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with a passivating solution is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 1.
  • the specimens made of aluminum alloy AMg6 (GOST4784-74) are pretreated with shots having the fineness of 0.3-0.4 mm and made of austenitic steel, 12X18H10T grade, until the strong oxide film of aluminum alloy is completely eliminated and an oxide film of austenitic steel is formed.
  • the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture are loaded into a container preheated to the temperature of 100-120°C.
  • a saturating powdered mixture composed of powdered zinc, an activating agent and an inert filler, at their ratio as follows, in % by mass: Inert filler 55-60 Activating agent 3-5 Powdered zinc to balance, able to release, under heating to the temperature of galvanizing, active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds).
  • the container is sealed and loaded into a furnace previously heated to 100-120°C.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing process is carried out at the temperature of 420-430°C for 1 hour at a container constant rotation rate of 1-2 rpm.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is carried out at a constant pressure inside the container of 1.8-2.2 atm., developed by the saturating gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released by the saturating powdered mixture under heating.
  • the container After cooling the furnace to the temperature of 100-120°C, the container is removed from the furnace, the articles are taken off the container and cooled down in water to eliminate the saturating powdered mixture adhered to the surface.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture are loaded into a container preheated to a temperature below 100°C.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 1.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to the container loading is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with a passivating solution is similar to that of Example 1.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 1.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with a passivating solution after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 2.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture are loaded into a container preheated to a temperature above 120°C.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace at the container loading is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • Example 3 The temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with a passivating solution after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 2.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • Use is made of the saturating powdered mixture composed of powdered zinc, an activating agent and an inert filler, at the component ratio as follows, in % by mass: Inert filler 17-22 Activating agent 6-8 Powdered zinc to balance.
  • the temperature of the furnace at the container loading is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • Example 3 The temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with a passivating solution after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 2.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • Use is made of the saturating powdered mixture composed of powdered zinc, an activating agent and an inert filler, at the component ratio as follows, in % by mass: Inert filler above 60 Activating agent above 5 Powdered zinc to balance.
  • the temperature of the furnace at the container loading is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • Example 3 The temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips together with a passivating solution after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 3.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature below 100°C.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 4.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature above 120°C.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 4.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is carried out at a pressure lower than 1.8 atm., developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 5.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is carried out at a pressure of 2.2 atm., developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 5.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 6.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature of Example 3.
  • the thermal-diffusion galvanizing temperature is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is higher than 120°C.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 6.
  • the shot-blasting of the specimens is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the container while loading the specimens and the saturating powdered mixture is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the quality and quantity compositions of the saturating powdered mixture are similar to those of Example 3.
  • the container is loaded into the furnace at a temperature of Example 3.
  • the pressure inside the container, developed by the active gaseous substances (volatile chemical compounds) released from the saturated powdered mixture under heating is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the temperature of the furnace prior to cooling the specimens in water is similar to that of Example 3.
  • the treatment of the specimens in the vibration stand with ceramic chips after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing was carried out until the deposited powdered zinc was partially removed from their surface.
  • the characteristics of the coating obtained are given in Table 7.
  • Example 15 (comparative, according to the China patent No 102002665 of 03.10.2012)
  • the specimens made of aluminum alloy AMg6 (GOST4784-74) and previously degreased are loaded into a container.
  • the preparation of the powdered mixture, its composition, the component ratio in % by mass, the component fraction size and the regimes of thermal-diffusion galvanizing were carried out in accordance with the process of the China patent No 102002665, 03.10.2012 .
  • the powdered mixture composition and the process for thermal-diffusion galvanizing of the present invention enable to carry out thermal-diffusion galvanizing of aluminum alloy articles, to increase the efficiency of the process due to the use of a less expensive saturating powdered mixture, in particular, to a lower content in the same of expensive components, namely the powdered zinc (Table 1, Example 3).
  • the process of the present invention enables to carry out thermal-diffusion galvanizing articles of aluminum alloys, to increase the efficiency of the process due to a lower cost of the saturating powdered mixture, in particular, to a lower content in the same of expensive components, such as powdered zinc and the activating agent.
  • Table 1 Effect of the dispersity of shots of austenitic steel in the shot-blasting of articles of aluminum alloys on the quality of the diffused zinc layer No Examples Dispersity of shots, mm Thickness of the diffusion zinc layer, ⁇ m Test time, hrs (presence of corrosive damages) Remark 120 240 720 1
  • Example 2 (comparative) above 0.4 - - - - Tests are inexpedient to carry out due to a high roughness of the article surface
  • Example 3 (of the invention) 0.3-0.4 60-65 no damages observed no damages observed no damages observed Uniform in thickness, smooth, no porosity, without defects
  • Table 2 Effect of the container temperature on the quality of the diffusion zinc layer while loading the aluminum alloy specimens and the saturating powdered mixture No Examples Temperature in the container, °C Thickness of the diffusion zinc layer, ⁇
  • Example 10 (comparative) Below 1.8 15-25 no damages observed no damages observed corrosion spots, selective corrosion Nonuniform in thickness, continuous, with defects 2
  • Example 11 (comparative) above 2.2 15-60 no damages observed no damages observed corrosion spots, selective corrosion Nonuniform in thickness, continuous, with defects 3
  • Example 3 (of the invention) 1.8-2.2 60-65 no damages observed no damages observed no damages observed Uniform in thickness, smooth, no porosity, without defects Table 6 Effect of the furnace temperature prior to cooling of specimens in water after the thermal-diffusion galvanizing on the quality of the diffusion zinc layer No Examples Temperature in the furnace, °C Thickness of the diffusion zinc layer, ⁇ m Test time, hrs (presence of corrosive damages) Remark 120 240 720 1
  • Example 12 (comparative) below 100 60-65 no damages observed no damages observed no damages observed no damages observed Residues of saturating

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EP13874224.2A 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Composition de mélange en poudre pour le zingage par thermo-diffusion d'articles en alliages d'aluminium, et procédé de zingage par thermo-diffusion d'articles en alliages d'aluminium Withdrawn EP2966191A4 (fr)

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CN105951038A (zh) * 2016-06-03 2016-09-21 芜湖众源复合新材料有限公司 一种充分混合接触的多元合金共渗处理方法

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CN105887005A (zh) * 2016-06-11 2016-08-24 芜湖众源复合新材料有限公司 一种桥梁用支座板渗锌处理工艺

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