EP2960879B1 - Feuermeldesystemschleifenabbildung basierend auf eingebetteten Isolatoren - Google Patents

Feuermeldesystemschleifenabbildung basierend auf eingebetteten Isolatoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2960879B1
EP2960879B1 EP14382245.0A EP14382245A EP2960879B1 EP 2960879 B1 EP2960879 B1 EP 2960879B1 EP 14382245 A EP14382245 A EP 14382245A EP 2960879 B1 EP2960879 B1 EP 2960879B1
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Prior art keywords
devices
isolator
loop controller
activated
command
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2960879A1 (de
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Javier Vidal Puente
Jordi Castells Moreno
Paul Schatz
Donald Becker
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Carrier Fire and Security EMEA BVBA
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UTC Fire and Security EMEA BVBA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
    • G08B25/045—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop with sensing devices and central station in a closed loop, e.g. McCullough loop

Definitions

  • isolators are used in an effort to isolate a first device from one or more additional devices.
  • the isolators are frequently implemented as a switch or relay that is opened when a short circuit is detected in the system. Those devices that are not impacted by the short circuit or opening of the isolator may continue to operate or function.
  • a mapping of the system may be performed based on a signature mapping algorithm.
  • a mapping command may be broadcast to all the devices, where the mapping command instructs a specific device (e.g., a first device) to draw current through the communication line.
  • the other devices measure the current and respond to the panel with a value for what those other devices measured.
  • the signature mapping algorithm may result in large voltage drops. Such voltage drops are due to the use of a mapping resistor and base resistor coupled with high currents in systems that include high consumption devices. Such large voltage drops may be further experienced in systems where a single pair of wiring is used for power supply or communication purposes.
  • GB2484288A discloses an isolator circuit for a unit of a safety system. Through a remote control, a switch can be opened so as to isolate a section of a power control line.
  • An exemplary embodiment is directed to a method including receiving, by a plurality of devices, a first command to activate a first isolator of a first device included in the devices; measuring, by the devices, a first set of applied voltages at each of the devices when the first isolator is activated; communicating, by the devices, first status regarding the measured first set of applied voltages to a controller.
  • Another exemplary embodiment is directed to an apparatus including at least one processor; and memory having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: issue a first command to a plurality of devices that causes a first isolator of a first device included in the devices to be activated; and receive first status regarding a first set of applied voltages measured at each of the devices when the first isolator is activated.
  • Another exemplary embodiment is directed to a system including: a control panel; and a plurality of devices each comprising an isolator coupled to the control panel, wherein the control panel is configured to issue a first command to the devices that causes a first isolator of a first device included in the devices to be activated, and wherein the first device is configured to activate an isolator based on receiving the first command, and wherein each of the devices is configured to measure an applied voltage when the first isolator is activated, and wherein the control panel is configured to receive status from each of the devices regarding the applied voltage measured by the device, and wherein the status indicates whether the device experienced a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold when the first isolator is activated.
  • mapping devices e.g., detectors or sensors included in a system, such as a fire detection system.
  • a mapping of a device may include identifying or determining a location of the device in relative terms.
  • a device may include one or more components, such as an isolator.
  • the isolator may be implemented using a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET).
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • a state of the isolator may be controlled. The state of the isolator may be selected as part of the mapping.
  • FIG. 1 an exemplary computing system 100 is shown.
  • the system 100 is shown as including a memory 102.
  • the memory 102 may store executable instructions.
  • the executable instructions may be stored or organized in any manner and at any level of abstraction, such as in connection with one or more applications, processes, routines, procedures, methods, etc. As an example, at least a portion of the instructions are shown in FIG. 1 as being associated with a first program 104a and a second program 104b.
  • the instructions stored in the memory 102 may be executed by one or more processors, such as a processor 106.
  • the processor 106 may be coupled to one or more input/output (I/O) devices 108.
  • the I/O device(s) 108 may include one or more of a keyboard or keypad, a touchscreen or touch panel, a display screen, a microphone, a speaker, a mouse, a button, a remote control, a joystick, a printer, a telephone or mobile device (e.g., a smartphone), a sensor, a detector, etc.
  • the I/O device(s) 108 may be configured to provide an interface to allow a user to interact with the system 100.
  • the system 100 is illustrative. In some embodiments, one or more of the entities may be optional. In some embodiments, additional entities not shown may be included. For example, in some embodiments the system 100 may be associated with one or more networks, such as one or more computer or telephone networks. In some embodiments, the entities may be arranged or organized in a manner different from what is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 an exemplary block diagram of a system 200 in accordance with one or more embodiments is shown.
  • the system 200 is shown in FIG. 2 as including seven devices, denoted as devices numbered (#) 1-7.
  • the devices #1-7 may include a sensor or detector, such as a fire or smoke detector. Each of the devices #1-7 may include its own isolator.
  • the devices #1-7 may each be associated with a unique address, such that commands may be issued by a controller (e.g., a loop controller or panel) that directs a particular device to act in a certain manner or fashion.
  • the controller may be implemented using a computing system 100 as described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the system 200 is shown in FIG. 2 as operating in eight different states, denoted as steps #1-8 in FIG. 2 .
  • One or more of the states may include selectively activating or opening an isolator, as described in further detail below.
  • the activating/opening of an isolator may also be associated with enabling a discharge circuit in order to guarantee a. fast loop capacitance discharge
  • the states may be executed in sequence in order to map the devices #1-7 in the system 200.
  • the controller may be responsible for sequencing the states, controlling the timing of a given state, and controlling the timing between states.
  • the controller may receive feedback from one or more of the devices #1-7 regarding whether a particular device measured a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold. Such feedback may be the subject of one or more polling operations initiated by the controller. Other communication techniques may be used by the controller for receiving the feedback.
  • the loop controller may command or cause isolators associated with each of the devices #1-7 to be in a deactivated or closed state.
  • the isolators may be configured to be deactivated or closed in the absence of a command, such that an execution of the preliminary state might not be needed.
  • the loop controller may command device #1 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #1 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, device #2 and device #6, which are downstream from the device #1 relative to the loop controller, may be denied or lack access to power. Accordingly, device #2 and device #6 may measure or detect a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold when the isolator associated with device #1 is activated/opened. The other devices (e.g., device #3, 4, 5, and 7) might not detect the voltage drop in the amount greater than the threshold because those other devices may continue to receive power when the isolator associated with device #1 is activated/opened.
  • the other devices e.g., device #3, 4, 5, and 7
  • the loop controller may command device #2 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #2 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, device #6, which is downstream from the device #2 relative to the loop controller, may be denied or lack access to power. Accordingly, device #6 may measure or detect a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold when the isolator associated with device #2 is activated/opened. The other devices (e.g., device #1, 3, 4, 5, and 7) might not detect the voltage drop in the amount greater than the threshold because those other devices may continue to receive power when the isolator associated with device #2 is activated/opened.
  • the other devices e.g., device #1, 3, 4, 5, and 7
  • the loop controller may command device #3 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #3 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, the devices #1, 2, and 4-7 might not detect the voltage drop in the amount greater than the threshold when the isolator associated with device #3 is activated/opened, as the devices #1, 2, and 4-7 may continue to receive power when the isolator associated with device #3 is activated/opened.
  • the loop controller may command device #4 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #4 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, device #3, which is downstream from the device #4 relative to the loop controller, may be denied or lack access to power. Accordingly, device #3 may measure or detect a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold when the isolator associated with device #4 is activated/opened. The other devices (e.g., device #1, 2, and 5-7) might not detect the voltage drop in the amount greater than the threshold because those other devices may continue to receive power when the isolator associated with device #4 is activated/opened.
  • the other devices e.g., device #1, 2, and 5-7
  • the loop controller may command device #5 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #5 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, the devices #1-4, 6, and 7 may be denied or lack access to power when the isolator associated with device #5 is activated/opened. The devices #1-4 and devices #6-7 may detect a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold when the isolator associated with device #5 is activated/opened.
  • the loop controller may command device #6 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #6 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, the devices #1-5 and 7 might not detect the voltage drop in the amount greater than the threshold when the isolator associated with device #6 is activated/opened because the devices #1-5 and 7 may continue to receive power when the isolator associated with device #6 is activated/opened.
  • the loop controller may command device #7 to activate its isolator. Based on the command, the device #7 may open its isolator for a period of time and then close the isolator. Based on the arrangement of the devices #1-7 in the system 200, the devices #1-4 and 6 may be denied or lack access to power when the isolator associated with device #7 is activated/opened. The devices #1-4, and 6 may detect a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold when the isolator associated with device #7 is activated/opened. The device #5 might not detect the voltage drop in the amount greater than the threshold because device #5 may continue to receive power when the isolator associated with device #7 is activated/opened.
  • the controller may receive feedback from one or more of the devices #1-7 regarding whether the particular device detected a voltage drop in an amount greater than a threshold.
  • the controller may aggregate the feedback, potentially as part of a table as shown in state #8 of FIG. 2 .
  • the table of state #8 presents information regarding the activation of an isolator associated with a particular device on the vertical axis and the status of whether a voltage drop (in an amount greater than a threshold) is detected, where a '1' in the table illustratively signifies that a voltage drop is detected and a '0' illustratively signifies that a voltage drop is not detected.
  • the table of state #8 may be analyzed by, e.g., the controller to determine how the devices #1-7 are arranged or mapped in the system 200. In this manner, the controller might not need or require advance knowledge as to the locations of the devices #1-7 (in relative terms) in order to determine how the system 200 is mapped or configured.
  • the method 300 may be executed by, or tied to, one or more components, devices or systems, such as those described herein.
  • the method 300 describes the mapping process.
  • a broadcast command may be issued by a controller to indicate which device should activate or open its associated isolator.
  • the command may be received by all devices.
  • every device checks if the address issued by the controller command is its address or not.
  • a portion (e.g., a row) of a table or map may be populated based on the status provided in block 311.
  • the method 300 may be executed once for each device in the system, where the referenced role of the "the device with the address issued by the controller command" may be alternated or sequenced with each execution of the method 300. Once the method 300 has been executed for each device in the system, a mapping of the system may be obtained based on an analysis of the constructed/populated table.
  • the method 300 is illustrative. In some embodiments, one or more of the blocks or operations (or portions thereof) may be optional. In some embodiments, additional operations not shown may be included. In some embodiments, the operations may execute in an order or sequence different from what is shown.
  • the timing associated with the method 300, or the operations thereof, may be a function of one or more parameters. For example, a length (or other characteristics) of wire or cabling coupling the devices to one another and the controller, input capacitance associated with the devices, and the extent to which power may be stored at or by a device when applied input power is removed from the device may be taken into consideration.
  • the parameters associated with the isolators that are used might dominate a timing analysis, such that the other parameters may have a negligible impact on the operations.
  • mapping or activating an isolator associated with a device closest to a controller
  • any devices downstream from that closest device may be impacted by that mapping or activation in terms of applied power.
  • mapping or activating an isolator associated with a device furthest downstream from a controller
  • any devices upstream from that furthest device might not be impacted by that mapping or activation in terms of applied power.
  • a device may check to see if an applied voltage drops below a threshold value or amount. The device may also check to see if the applied voltage is subsequently restored, and if so, if the applied voltage is restored in a timely manner. Such a check may be used to ensure that devices are operational or functional, potentially in accordance with one or more quality measures or standards.
  • Embodiments of the disclosure might not include a series resistor on the negatives of the devices as are present in conventional environments. Thus, large voltage drops may be avoided while still enabling both mapping and isolation to be provided.
  • various functions or acts may take place at a given location and/or in connection with the operation of one or more apparatuses, systems, or devices. For example, in some embodiments, a portion of a given function or act may be performed at a first device or location, and the remainder of the function or act may be performed at one or more additional devices or locations.
  • an apparatus or system may include one or more processors, and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus or system to perform one or more methodological acts as described herein.
  • Various mechanical components known to those of skill in the art may be used in some embodiments.
  • Embodiments may be implemented as one or more apparatuses, systems, and/or methods.
  • instructions may be stored on one or more computer program products or computer-readable media, such as a transitory and/or non-transitory computer-readable medium.
  • the instructions when executed, may cause an entity (e.g., an apparatus or system) to perform one or more methodological acts as described herein.

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Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren, das Folgendes umfasst:
    Empfangen, durch eine Vielzahl von mit einer oder mehreren Schleifen verbundenen und durch einen Schleifencontroller gesteuerten Vorrichtungen, eines ersten durch den Schleifencontroller gesendeten Befehls zum Aktivieren eines ersten Trennschalters einer in den Vorrichtungen enthaltenen ersten Vorrichtung;
    Messen, durch die Vorrichtungen, einer ersten Menge von an jeder der Vorrichtungen angelegten Spannungen, wenn der erste Trennschalter aktiviert ist;
    Kommunizieren, durch die Vorrichtungen, eines ersten Status hinsichtlich der gemessenen ersten Menge von angelegten Spannungen an den Schleifencontroller;
    Empfangen, durch die Vorrichtungen, eines zweiten durch den Schleifencontroller gesendeten Befehls zum Aktivieren eines zweiten Trennschalters einer in den Vorrichtungen enthaltenen zweiten Vorrichtung;
    Messen, durch die Vorrichtungen, einer zweiten Menge von an jeder der Vorrichtungen angelegten Spannungen, wenn der zweite Trennschalter aktiviert ist; und
    Kommunizieren, durch die Vorrichtungen, eines zweiten Status hinsichtlich der gemessenen zweiten Menge von angelegten Spannungen an den Schleifencontroller.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei der erste Status für jede der Vorrichtungen angibt, ob eine angelegte Spannung für eine jeweilige Vorrichtung um einen Betrag absinkt, der größer als ein Schwellwert ist, wenn der erste Trennschalter aktiviert ist.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der erste Trennschalter einen Metall-Oxid-Halbleiter-Feldeffekttransistor umfasst.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei der erste Status und der zweite Status durch den Controller, zum Kartieren eines Standorts der Vorrichtungen relativ zueinander, gespeichert werden.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei jede der Vorrichtungen, basierend auf einem Abrufbefehl, den ersten Status an den Controller kommuniziert.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei jede der Vorrichtungen mit einer eindeutigen Adresse verknüpft ist und wobei der erste Befehl eine mit der ersten Vorrichtung verknüpfte erste Adresse enthält.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    Messen, durch die Vorrichtungen, einer zweiten Menge von an jeder der Vorrichtungen angelegten Spannungen, wenn der erste Trennschalter deaktiviert wird, nachdem der erste Trennschalter aktiviert wurde; und
    Kommunizieren, durch die Vorrichtungen, eines zweiten Status hinsichtlich der gemessenen zweiten Menge von angelegten Spannungen an den Schleifencontroller.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Vorrichtungen verknüpft sind mit wenigstens einem aus den folgenden Systemen: einem Brandmeldesystem, Rauchmeldesystem und einem Sicherheitskontrollsystem.
  9. Schleifencontroller, der Folgendes umfasst:
    mindestens einen Prozessor (106); und
    einen Arbeitsspeicher (102), der darauf gespeicherte Anweisungen aufweist, die, wenn sie durch den mindestens einen Prozessor (106) ausgeführt werden, den Schleifencontroller zu Folgendem veranlassen:
    Erteilen eines ersten Befehls an eine Vielzahl von mit einer oder mehreren Schleifen verbundenen und durch einen Schleifencontroller gesteuerten Vorrichtungen, wobei der erste Befehl bewirkt, dass ein erster Trennschalter einer in den Vorrichtungen enthaltenen ersten Vorrichtung aktiviert wird; und
    Empfangen eines ersten Status hinsichtlich einer ersten Menge von angelegten Spannungen, die an jeder der Vorrichtungen gemessen wurden, wenn der erste Trennschalter aktiviert ist,
    Erteilen eines zweiten Befehls an die Vorrichtungen, der bewirkt, dass ein zweiter Trennschalter einer in den Vorrichtungen enthaltenen zweiten Vorrichtung aktiviert wird; und
    Empfangen eines zweiten Status hinsichtlich einer zweiten Menge von angelegten Spannungen, die an jeder der Vorrichtungen gemessen wurden, wenn der zweite Trennschalter aktiviert ist.
  10. Schleifencontroller nach Anspruch 9, wobei der erste Status für jede der Vorrichtungen angibt, ob eine angelegte Spannung für eine jeweilige Vorrichtung um einen Betrag absinkt, der größer als ein Schwellwert ist, wenn der erste Trennschalter aktiviert ist.
  11. Schleifencontroller nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Anweisungen, wenn sie ausgeführt werden, den Schleifencontroller zu Folgendem veranlassen:
    Kartieren eines Standorts der Vorrichtungen relativ zueinander, basierend auf dem ersten Status und dem zweiten Status.
  12. Schleifencontroller nach Anspruch 11, wobei die Anweisungen, wenn sie ausgeführt werden, den Schleifencontroller zu Folgendem veranlassen:
    Bestimmen, dass eine in den Vorrichtungen enthaltene dritte Vorrichtung fehlerhaft ist, basierend auf dem kartierten Standort der Vorrichtungen; und
    Erteilen eines dritten Befehls an die Vorrichtungen, der bewirkt, dass ein dritter Trennschalter der dritten Vorrichtung aktiviert wird, basierend auf der Bestimmung, dass die dritte Vorrichtung fehlerhaft ist.
  13. Schleifencontroller nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei jede der Vorrichtungen mit einer eindeutigen Adresse verknüpft ist und wobei der erste Befehl eine mit der ersten Vorrichtung verknüpfte erste Adresse enthält.
  14. Schleifencontroller nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Anweisungen, wenn sie ausgeführt werden, den Schleifencontroller zu Folgendem veranlassen:
    Empfangen eines zweiten Status hinsichtlich einer zweiten Menge von angelegten Spannungen, die an jeder der Vorrichtungen gemessen wurden, wenn der erste Trennschalter deaktiviert ist, nachdem der erste Trennschalter aktiviert wurde.
  15. System, das Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Schleifencontroller; und
    eine Vielzahl von mit einer oder mehreren Schleifen verbundenen und durch den Schleifencontroller gesteuerten Vorrichtungen, wobei jede Vorrichtung der Vielzahl von Vorrichtungen einen mit dem Schleifencontroller gekoppelten Trennschalter umfasst, wobei der Schleifencontroller ausgelegt ist zum Erteilen eines ersten Befehls an die Vorrichtungen, der bewirkt, dass ein erster Trennschalter einer in den Vorrichtungen enthaltenen ersten Vorrichtung aktiviert wird, und
    wobei die erste Vorrichtung ausgelegt ist zum Aktivieren eines Trennschalters, basierend auf Empfang des ersten Befehls, und
    wobei jede der Vorrichtungen ausgelegt ist zum Messen einer angelegten Spannung, wenn der erste Trennschalter aktiviert ist, und
    wobei der Schleifencontroller ausgelegt ist zum Empfangen eines ersten Status von jeder der Vorrichtungen hinsichtlich der angelegten Spannung, die durch die Vorrichtung gemessen wurde, und
    wobei der Status angibt, ob die Vorrichtung ein Spannungsabsinken um einen Betrag erfährt, wenn der erste Trennschalter aktiviert wird, der größer als ein Schwellwert ist,
    wobei der Schleifencontroller ausgelegt ist zum Erteilen eines zweiten Befehls an die Vorrichtungen, der bewirkt, dass ein zweiter Trennschalter einer in den Vorrichtungen enthaltenen zweiten Vorrichtung aktiviert wird,
    wobei die zweite Vorrichtung ausgelegt ist zum Aktivieren eines zweiten Trennschalters, basierend auf Empfangen des zweiten Befehls, und
    wobei jede der Vorrichtungen ausgelegt ist zum Messen einer angelegten Spannung, wenn der zweite Trennschalter aktiviert ist, und
    wobei der Schleifencontroller ausgelegt ist zum Empfangen eines Status von jeder der Vorrichtungen hinsichtlich der angelegten Spannung, die durch die Vorrichtung gemessen wurde, und
    wobei der Status angibt, ob die Vorrichtung ein Spannungsabsinken um einen Betrag erfährt, wenn der zweite Trennschalter aktiviert wird, der größer als ein Schwellwert ist.
  16. System nach Anspruch 15, wobei der Schleifencontroller ausgelegt ist zum Kartieren eines Standorts der Vorrichtungen relativ zueinander, basierend auf einer Abfolge von einzelner Aktivierung von jedem der Trennschalter.
EP14382245.0A 2014-06-25 2014-06-25 Feuermeldesystemschleifenabbildung basierend auf eingebetteten Isolatoren Active EP2960879B1 (de)

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