EP2955276B1 - Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings - Google Patents

Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2955276B1
EP2955276B1 EP14171980.7A EP14171980A EP2955276B1 EP 2955276 B1 EP2955276 B1 EP 2955276B1 EP 14171980 A EP14171980 A EP 14171980A EP 2955276 B1 EP2955276 B1 EP 2955276B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective coating
offshore
struts
supporting
supporting structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14171980.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2955276A1 (en
Inventor
Emilio Reales Bertomeo
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Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Reamotion GmbH
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Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Reamotion GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Construction Research and Technology GmbH, Reamotion GmbH filed Critical Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Priority to ES14171980.7T priority Critical patent/ES2694420T3/en
Priority to PL14171980T priority patent/PL2955276T3/en
Priority to EP14171980.7A priority patent/EP2955276B1/en
Priority to DK14171980.7T priority patent/DK2955276T3/en
Publication of EP2955276A1 publication Critical patent/EP2955276A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2955276B1 publication Critical patent/EP2955276B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
    • E02B17/0026—Means for protecting offshore constructions against corrosion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
    • E02B17/003—Fenders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an offshore support structure for a wind turbine with one or more attachment means for attaching the support structure to a body of water, a receiving device for receiving a tower shaft of the wind turbine and a support section, which has an underwater area and an over-water area and one or more support struts, wherein the support struts connect the receiving device with the fastening means.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing an offshore support structure for a wind power plant, comprising the steps of: coating one or more support struts of the support structure with a multilayer protective coating and connecting a plurality of support struts together.
  • Such offshore support structures are also referred to as foundation structures and serve the installation of wind turbines in windy offshore areas.
  • the support portion of such an offshore support structure may be formed, for example, as a jacket, monopile or tripod structure.
  • the support sections of offshore carrying tracks always have an underwater area and an overwater area.
  • the underwater area of the carrying section is exposed to the influences of the stream of water and the prevailing milieu.
  • the water area of the support section protrudes from the water and is thus visually noticeable by shipping.
  • the above-water area of the support section is exposed, among other things, to moist air in the area of the water surface as well as the prevailing winds.
  • the requirements placed on the overwater area of the support section thus differ considerably from the requirements placed on the underwater area of the support section.
  • the underwater area and the overwater area of the carrying section must withstand loads which are caused, for example, by collisions with flotsam or ships, in particular maintenance ships.
  • the problem underlying the invention is therefore to be seen in providing an offshore support structure, which has an increased life compared to the already known offshore support structures and is exposed to lower damage risks. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for producing such an offshore support structure.
  • rust can already arise in the phase of storage and installation, often take months to the active corrosion system is connected.
  • the invention is achieved in a first aspect with an offshore support structure of the type mentioned, wherein one or more support struts in the underwater area and one or more support struts in the overwater area are at least partially coated with a multi-layer protective coating.
  • the invention makes use of the knowledge that the contact between a corrosive environment and the support struts both in the underwater area and in the overwater area by means of a multi-layer protective coating considerably reduced or even completely prevented.
  • the multi-layer protective coating additionally has the effect of depriving the microbiological bacteria of the possibility of adhering directly to the surface of the support struts and thus of attacking the support struts.
  • the oxygen expelled from the bacteria does not reach the surface of the support struts, preferably made of steel, in the underwater area, so that no corrosion of the support struts occurs.
  • the material selection of the multilayer protective coating can substantially increase the resistance of the offshore support structure to external loads, such as those caused by collisions with flotsam or ships.
  • the material of the individual layers of the multilayer protective coating can be selected, for example, such that the support struts on the coated sections have increased rigidity and increased wear and abrasion resistance.
  • the individual layers of the multilayer protective coating may also be selected such that the protective coating has high tensile strength, good damping properties and increased tear propagation resistance.
  • a suitable material selection can be used to realize a multi-layer protective coating which is adapted to the respective water and air temperatures of the offshore area.
  • the multi-layer protective coating provides high resistance to oils, fats, oxygen and ozone.
  • the multi-layer protective coating can be designed such that it has a cushioning and damping effect in the case of external impact, for example due to flotsam, so that a reduced force is applied to the actual support struts of the support section of the offshore support structure. Furthermore, by a suitable material selection or combination of materials for the individual layers of the protective coating, the degree of hardness of the protective coating can be varied so that, for example, brittle flaking of large-area coating sections with external force is prevented. Also can be compensated by the multi-layer protective coating unfavorable vibration properties of the coated support strut or the coated support struts.
  • one or more, preferably all support struts in the underwater area are coated on their outer surfaces and / or substantially completely with the multilayer protective coating.
  • one or more, preferably all support struts in the overwater area on their outer surfaces and / or substantially completely coated with the multilayer protective coating.
  • Under the outer surfaces of the support struts underwater are the To understand surfaces that come in contact with the water.
  • Under the outer surfaces of the support struts in the overwater area are the areas to understand, which come into contact with the ambient air. If the supporting struts are designed, for example, as steel tubes, the outer surfaces in the underwater area and in the above-water area are to be understood as the outer lateral surfaces of the tubes.
  • an outer lacquer layer is applied to the multi-layer protective coating in the area above the water.
  • an outer lacquer layer which is resistant to ultraviolet radiation.
  • the outer lacquer layer can for example be applied directly to the multi-layer protective coating.
  • an additional adhesion promoter or an additional adhesion promoter layer may be used in order to realize adhesion of the outer lacquer layer to the multilayer coating.
  • the outer lacquer layer has color pigments.
  • the embedded color pigments By the embedded color pigments, the perceptibility of the over-water area of the support section and thus the perceptibility of the entire offshore support structure is increased. This results in a significantly reduced risk of unintentional contact or accidental collision with a watercraft.
  • adverse weather conditions such as heavy fog and / or heavy rain, the offshore support structure is visually perceived much earlier due to the colored lacquer layer on the struts of the support section in the overwater area of sighted skippers. The risk of a collision is reduced by a multiple.
  • the inventive offshore support structure is further developed advantageous in that the color pigments are formed as inorganic color pigments which retain their optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. This ensures that there is no fading of the outer colored lacquer layer.
  • the reduced collision risk due to the increased optical Perceptibility of the offshore support structure thus always remains. This also leads to the fact that a renewal of the outer colored lacquer layer due to a fading of the color is not necessary.
  • the maintenance costs of an offshore support structure, which has an outer colored lacquer layer in the above-water area, which retains its optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, are consequently considerably reduced.
  • the color pigments are yellow.
  • Particularly preferred is the formation of color pigments in the color traffic yellow, which is referred to as RAL 1023 according to the RAL standard.
  • the identification of offshore support structures by a yellow traffic color is a necessary condition for support structures, which are set up in offshore areas within the Federal Republic of Germany. It is to be expected that the identification of offshore support structures by a traffic yellow color design will become the international standard in the near future.
  • the multilayer protective coating comprises at least one of the following layers: at least one adhesion promoter, preferably two adhesion promoters, and, according to the invention, at least one polymer layer, preferably a two-component polymer layer.
  • an adhesion promoter which is also referred to as a primer
  • a polymer layer can also be easily applied to struts with a rough or texture-bearing surface. It thus eliminates the processing step of smoothing the outer surface of the struts used, which are preferably formed as steel tubes.
  • the desired properties of the multilayer coating can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
  • positive properties of two polymer materials can be coupled to one another so that a particularly rigid, wear-resistant, abrasion-resistant and tensile-resistant as well as damping and tear-resistant coating can be realized.
  • the polymer layer comprises polyurethane or is substantially completely formed from polyurethane.
  • Polyurethane is particularly suitable as a coating material because it is tough and elastically deformable and thus does not tend to crack. If it comes to a stress on the polyurethane layer, for example, to a pressing or slitting of the polyurethane layer, is an elastic Deformation of the polyurethane layer caused. After the load has been removed, the polyurethane layer either returns to its original state or a crack that has formed is essentially closed again.
  • polyurethane has advantageous damping properties, which lead to external external impact loads being damped on the support section before introduction of force into the support struts.
  • the multilayer protective coating preferably has at least one of the following layers: epoxy resin adhesion promoter, adhesive adhesion promoter, a polyethylene layer or a polypropylene layer.
  • the various layers are coated in a layer thickness ranging from one millimeter to five millimeters.
  • the polymer layer has plasticizers.
  • plasticizers By means of plasticizers, the elastic properties of the polymer layer can be precisely adjusted.
  • various polymer layers tailored to the requirements of the respective area can be realized.
  • the offshore support structure according to the invention is further developed by one or more corrosion protection devices, which are designed to provide active cathodic corrosion protection.
  • the corrosion protection devices can work, for example, with external current and one or more extraneous anode anodes made of titanium, titanium-clad copper or silver-silver chloride.
  • extraneous anode anodes made of titanium, titanium-clad copper or silver-silver chloride.
  • the use of sacrificial anodes of magnesium, zinc or aluminum comes into question, which provide corrosion protection even without the use of external current.
  • the problem underlying the invention is further solved in a second aspect by a method of the type mentioned above, wherein the support struts are coated before joining with each other with the multilayer protective coating.
  • the manufacturing process is considerably simplified and accelerated. It should be understood that not only the support struts of the support structure are coated with each other before joining the support struts with the multilayer protective coating, but also necessary fasteners, such as nodes, adapter rings, coupling pieces or connecting plates, even before connecting the individual components together with the coated multilayer protective coating. Before the actual assembly of the individual support structure components, it is possible to move them and thus to simplify the application of the multilayer coating. Furthermore, in this production stage, there are still no inaccessible or poorly achievable strut sections whose coating would require considerable additional effort. Furthermore, standardized coating methods and coating routines can be introduced, which further reduce the time and expense. Furthermore, suitable coating sites or structures can be used to perform the coating of the individual components, in particular the support struts before the actual assembly.
  • the application of the outer colored lacquer layer takes place before joining the plurality of support struts together.
  • colored support struts and possibly components for connecting the colored support struts are already provided before the installation of the offshore support structure, so that after assembly or final assembly of the offshore support structure this already has a colored lacquer layer and time-consuming and laborious subsequent coatings not necessary are.
  • the method is further developed according to the invention in that the polymer layer comprises polyurethane or is substantially completely formed of polyurethane and / or the polymer layer comprises plasticizer.
  • the offshore support structure 1 comprises six attachment means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, by means of which the support structure 1 is anchored to a body of water 4.
  • the six attachment means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f are arranged in a common substantially horizontal plane. Furthermore, the six attachment means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f are arranged equidistant from each other on a circular arc.
  • the fastening means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f are connected via a support section 8 with a receiving device 6.
  • the receiving device 6 is adapted to receive a tower shaft of a wind turbine.
  • the support section 8 has an underwater area 8a and an overwater area 8b.
  • the support portion 8 is formed in this embodiment as a jacket construction and thus has a plurality of truss-like interconnected support struts 10.
  • the support struts 10 or the sections of the support struts 10, which are associated with the underwater area 8a of the support section 8, are arranged below the water surface 9.
  • the support struts 10 and the sections of the support struts 10, which are assigned to the above-water area 8b of the support section 8, are arranged above the water surface 9.
  • the support struts 10 of the underwater area 8a and the above-water area 8b of the support section 8 are coated with a multi-layer protective coating 12.
  • the connecting elements which connect the individual support struts 10 of the underwater region 8a and the overwater region 8b of the support structure to one another, are coated with the multilayer protective coating 12.
  • the multilayer protective coating 12 has a first adhesion promoter layer and an overlying second polymer layer.
  • the polymer layer is substantially completely formed of polyurethane.
  • a primer epoxy resin or adhesive can be used.
  • the individual layers of the multilayer coating 12, ie the adhesion promoter layer and the polymer layer can be applied with a layer thickness in the range from one millimeter to 5 millimeters.
  • the support struts 10 of the above-water area 8b are additionally coated with an outer lacquer layer 14.
  • the outer lacquer layer is likewise applied to the multilayer coating 12 via an additional adhesion promoter layer.
  • the outer lacquer layer 14 has yellow traffic-color pigments, which are formed as inorganic color pigments. The color pigments always retain their optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a multilayer coating 12 on the surface of a support strut 10, which is designed as a steel tube (not fully illustrated).
  • the multi-layer protective coating 12 has two individual layers, namely a first lower adhesion promoter layer 18 and an overlying second polymer layer 20.
  • Suitable adhesion promoters are, for example, epoxy resin or adhesive.
  • the polymer layer may be partially or completely formed of polyurethane, polyethylene or polypropylene. Further, the polymer layer 20 may include plasticizer.
  • an outer lacquer layer 14 is applied.
  • the outer lacquer layer 14 has yellow traffic color pigments, wherein the outer yellow lacquer layer retains its optical color effect even when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Offshore-Tragstruktur für eine Windenergieanlage mit ein oder mehreren Befestigungsmitteln zum Befestigen der Tragstruktur an einem Gewässergrund, einer Aufnahmeeinrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Turmschafts der Windenergieanlage und einem Tragabschnitt, welcher einen Unterwasserbereich und einen Überwasserbereich aufweist und eine oder mehrere Tragstreben umfasst, wobei die Tragstreben die Aufnahmeeinrichtung mit den Befestigungsmitteln verbinden.The invention relates to an offshore support structure for a wind turbine with one or more attachment means for attaching the support structure to a body of water, a receiving device for receiving a tower shaft of the wind turbine and a support section, which has an underwater area and an over-water area and one or more support struts, wherein the support struts connect the receiving device with the fastening means.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Offshore-Tragstruktur für eine Windenergieanlage mit den Schritten: Beschichten einer oder mehrerer Tragstreben der Tragstruktur mit einer mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung und Verbinden von mehreren Tragstreben miteinander.The invention further relates to a method for producing an offshore support structure for a wind power plant, comprising the steps of: coating one or more support struts of the support structure with a multilayer protective coating and connecting a plurality of support struts together.

Derartige Offshore-Tragstrukturen werden auch als Gründungsstrukturen bezeichnet und dienen der Installation von Windenergieanlagen in windreichen Offshore-Revieren. Der Tragabschnitt einer derartigen Offshore-Tragstruktur kann beispielsweise als Jacket-, Monopile- oder Tripodstruktur ausgebildet sein.Such offshore support structures are also referred to as foundation structures and serve the installation of wind turbines in windy offshore areas. The support portion of such an offshore support structure may be formed, for example, as a jacket, monopile or tripod structure.

Das Dokument DE 20 2012 005 538 U1 offenbart eine derartige Offshore-Tragstruktur.The document DE 20 2012 005 538 U1 discloses such an offshore support structure.

Die Tragabschnitte von Offshore-Tragsturen weisen stets einen Unterwasserbereich und einen Überwasserbereich auf. Der Unterwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts ist den Einflüssen der Gewässerströmung und dem dort herrschenden Milieu ausgesetzt. Der Überwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts ragt aus dem Gewässer heraus und ist somit auch visuell von der Schifffahrt wahrnehmbar. Der Überwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts ist unter anderem der feuchten Luft im Bereich der Wasseroberfläche sowie den herrschenden Winden ausgesetzt. Die Anforderungen, die an den Überwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts gestellt werden, unterscheiden sich folglich beträchtlich von den Anforderungen, die an den Unterwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts gestellt werden.The support sections of offshore carrying tracks always have an underwater area and an overwater area. The underwater area of the carrying section is exposed to the influences of the stream of water and the prevailing milieu. Of the Above the water area of the support section protrudes from the water and is thus visually noticeable by shipping. The above-water area of the support section is exposed, among other things, to moist air in the area of the water surface as well as the prevailing winds. The requirements placed on the overwater area of the support section thus differ considerably from the requirements placed on the underwater area of the support section.

Neben den genannten Umwelteinflüssen müssen der Unterwasserbereich und der Überwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts Belastungen standhalten, welche beispielsweise durch Kollisionen mit Treibgut oder Schiffen, insbesondere Wartungsschiffen hervorgerufen werden.In addition to the environmental influences mentioned, the underwater area and the overwater area of the carrying section must withstand loads which are caused, for example, by collisions with flotsam or ships, in particular maintenance ships.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass nicht nur der Überwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts sondern auch der Unterwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts einer Offshore-Tragstruktur einem erheblichen Korrosionsrisiko ausgesetzt ist. Dies ist damit zu begründen, dass mikrobiologische Bakterien im Laufe der Zeit an den Tragstreben des Unterwasserbereichs anhaften und es infolgedessen durch die Bakterien zu einer Sauerstoffbildung an der Oberfläche der Tragstreben kommt. Hieraus resultiert ein kontinuierlicher Korrosionsprozess, welcher die Tragfähigkeit der Offshore-Tragstruktur erheblich beeinträchtigen kann.It has been shown that not only the overwater area of the support section but also the underwater area of the support section of an offshore support structure is exposed to a considerable risk of corrosion. This is due to the fact that microbiological bacteria adhere to the support struts of the underwater area over time and as a result of the bacteria to oxygenation on the surface of the support struts comes. This results in a continuous corrosion process, which can significantly affect the sustainability of the offshore support structure.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe ist folglich darin zu sehen, eine Offshore-Tragstruktur anzugeben, welche im Vergleich zu den bereits bekannten Offshore-Tragstrukturen eine erhöhte Lebensdauer aufweist und geringeren Beschädigungsrisiken ausgesetzt ist. Ferner ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer derartigen Offshore-Tragstruktur anzugeben. Bei bekannten Strukturen kann Rost bereits in der Phase der Lagerung und Installation entstehen, oftmals vergehen Monate bis das aktive Korrosionssystem angeschlossen ist.The problem underlying the invention is therefore to be seen in providing an offshore support structure, which has an increased life compared to the already known offshore support structures and is exposed to lower damage risks. It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for producing such an offshore support structure. In known structures, rust can already arise in the phase of storage and installation, often take months to the active corrosion system is connected.

Die Erfindung wird in einem ersten Aspekt mit einer Offshore-Tragstruktur der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei ein oder mehrere Tragstreben im Unterwasserbereich und ein oder mehrere Tragstreben im Überwasserbereich zumindest abschnittsweise mit einer mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet sind.The invention is achieved in a first aspect with an offshore support structure of the type mentioned, wherein one or more support struts in the underwater area and one or more support struts in the overwater area are at least partially coated with a multi-layer protective coating.

Die Erfindung macht sich die Erkenntnis zu Nutze, dass der Kontakt zwischen einem korrosionsfördernden Milieu und den Tragstreben sowohl im Unterwasserbereich als auch im Überwasserbereich mittels einer mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung erheblich reduziert oder sogar gänzlich unterbunden werden kann. Im Unterwasserbereich des Tragabschnitts hat die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung zusätzlich den Effekt, dass den mikrobiologischen Bakterien die Möglichkeit genommen wird, direkt an der Oberfläche der Tragstreben anzuhaften und somit die Tragstreben anzugreifen. Auch der von den Bakterien ausgestoßene Sauerstoff gelangt nicht an die Oberfläche der vorzugsweise aus Stahl ausgebildeten Tragstreben im Unterwasserbereich, sodass keine Korrosion der Tragstreben eintritt. Ferner kann durch die Materialauswahl der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Offshore-Tragstruktur gegenüber externen Belastungen, wie sie beispielsweise durch Kollisionen mit Treibgut oder Schiffen hervorgerufen werden können, erheblich erhöht werden. Das Material der einzelnen Schichten der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung kann beispielsweise derart ausgewählt werden, dass die Tragstreben an den beschichteten Abschnitten eine erhöhte Steifigkeit sowie eine erhöhte Verschleiß- und Abriebfestigkeit aufweisen. Die einzelnen Schichten der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung können ferner derart ausgewählt werden, dass die Schutzbeschichtung eine hohe Zugfestigkeit, gute Dämpfungseigenschaften und einen erhöhten Weiterreißwiderstand aufweist. Ebenfalls lässt sich durch eine geeignete Materialauswahl eine mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung realisieren, welche an die jeweiligen Wasser- und Lufttemperaturen des Offshore-Reviers angepasst ist. Außerdem lässt sich durch die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung eine hohe Beständigkeit gegen Öle, Fette, Sauerstoff und Ozon erreichen. Die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung kann derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie bei äußerer Schlageinwirkung, beispielsweise durch Treibgut, einen abfedernden und dämpfenden Einfluss hat, sodass es zu einer verringerten Krafteinwirkung auf die eigentlichen Tragstreben des Tragabschnitts der Offshore-Tragstruktur kommt. Ferner kann durch eine geeignete Materialauswahl oder Materialkombination für die einzelnen Schichten der Schutzbeschichtung der Härtegrad der Schutzbeschichtung variiert werden, sodass beispielsweise ein sprödes Abplatzen von großflächigen Beschichtungsabschnitten bei externer Krafteinwirkung verhindert wird. Auch können durch die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung ungünstige Schwingungseigenschaften der beschichteten Tragstrebe bzw. der beschichteten Tragstreben ausgeglichen werden.The invention makes use of the knowledge that the contact between a corrosive environment and the support struts both in the underwater area and in the overwater area by means of a multi-layer protective coating considerably reduced or even completely prevented. In the underwater area of the support section, the multi-layer protective coating additionally has the effect of depriving the microbiological bacteria of the possibility of adhering directly to the surface of the support struts and thus of attacking the support struts. Also, the oxygen expelled from the bacteria does not reach the surface of the support struts, preferably made of steel, in the underwater area, so that no corrosion of the support struts occurs. Furthermore, the material selection of the multilayer protective coating can substantially increase the resistance of the offshore support structure to external loads, such as those caused by collisions with flotsam or ships. The material of the individual layers of the multilayer protective coating can be selected, for example, such that the support struts on the coated sections have increased rigidity and increased wear and abrasion resistance. The individual layers of the multilayer protective coating may also be selected such that the protective coating has high tensile strength, good damping properties and increased tear propagation resistance. Likewise, a suitable material selection can be used to realize a multi-layer protective coating which is adapted to the respective water and air temperatures of the offshore area. In addition, the multi-layer protective coating provides high resistance to oils, fats, oxygen and ozone. The multi-layer protective coating can be designed such that it has a cushioning and damping effect in the case of external impact, for example due to flotsam, so that a reduced force is applied to the actual support struts of the support section of the offshore support structure. Furthermore, by a suitable material selection or combination of materials for the individual layers of the protective coating, the degree of hardness of the protective coating can be varied so that, for example, brittle flaking of large-area coating sections with external force is prevented. Also can be compensated by the multi-layer protective coating unfavorable vibration properties of the coated support strut or the coated support struts.

In einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Tragstruktur sind ein oder mehrere, vorzugsweise alle Tragstreben im Unterwasserbereich an Ihren Außenflächen und/oder im Wesentlichen vollständig mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet. Alternativ oder zusätzlich sind ein oder mehrere, vorzugsweise alle Tragstreben im Überwasserbereich an Ihren Außenflächen und/oder im Wesentlichen vollständig mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet. Unter den Außenflächen der Tragstreben im Unterwasserbereich sind die Flächen zu verstehen, welche mit dem Wasser in Kontakt kommen. Unter den Außenflächen der Tragstreben im Überwasserbereich sind die Flächen zu verstehen, welche mit der Umgebungsluft in Kontakt kommen. Sind die Tragstreben beispielsweise als Stahlrohre ausgebildet, so sind unter den Außenflächen im Unterwasserbereich und im Überwasserbereich die äußeren Mantelflächen der Rohre zu verstehen. Bei einer vollständigen Beschichtung sind auch die innenliegenden Flächen der Tragstreben mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet. Es kann somit ein vollständiger und vollumfänglicher Korrosionsschutz realisiert werden. Dies führt zu einer erheblich verlängerten Lebendauer der Tragstruktur. Erfindungsgemäß ist im Überwasserbereich zumindest abschnittsweise auf die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung eine äußere Lackschicht aufgetragen. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine äußere Lackschicht, welche beständig gegenüber Ultraviolett-Strahlung ausgebildet ist. Somit kann die darunter liegende mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung vor dem Einfluss ultravioletter Strahlung geschützt werden. Die äußere Lackschicht kann beispielsweise direkt auf die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung aufgetragen werden. Alternativ kann ein zusätzlicher Haftvermittler bzw. eine zusätzliche Haftvermittler-Schicht Anwendung finden, um eine Haftung der äußeren Lackschicht auf der mehrschichtigen Beschichtung zu realisieren. Erfindungsgemäß weist die äußere Lackschicht Farbpigmente auf. Durch die eingelagerten Farbpigmente wird die Wahrnehmbarkeit des Überwasserbereichs des Tragabschnitts und somit die Wahrnehmbarkeit der gesamten Offshore-Tragstruktur erhöht. Hieraus resultiert ein erheblich reduziertes Risiko eines unbeabsichtigten Kontakts bzw. einer unbeabsichtigten Kollision mit einem Wasserfahrzeug. Insbesondere bei widrigen Wetterverhältnissen, wie starkem Nebel und/oder starken Regen, wird die Offshore-Tragstruktur aufgrund der farbigen Lackschicht auf den Streben des Tragabschnitts im Überwasserbereich visuell erheblich früher von auf Sicht fahrenden Schiffsführern wahrgenommen. Das Risiko einer Kollision wird dadurch um ein vielfaches reduziert.In a first preferred embodiment of the offshore support structure according to the invention, one or more, preferably all support struts in the underwater area are coated on their outer surfaces and / or substantially completely with the multilayer protective coating. Alternatively or additionally, one or more, preferably all support struts in the overwater area on their outer surfaces and / or substantially completely coated with the multilayer protective coating. Under the outer surfaces of the support struts underwater are the To understand surfaces that come in contact with the water. Under the outer surfaces of the support struts in the overwater area are the areas to understand, which come into contact with the ambient air. If the supporting struts are designed, for example, as steel tubes, the outer surfaces in the underwater area and in the above-water area are to be understood as the outer lateral surfaces of the tubes. In a complete coating and the inner surfaces of the support struts are coated with the multi-layer protective coating. It can thus be realized a complete and complete corrosion protection. This leads to a considerably extended life of the support structure. According to the invention, at least in sections, an outer lacquer layer is applied to the multi-layer protective coating in the area above the water. Particularly preferred is an outer lacquer layer which is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. Thus, the underlying multi-layer protective coating can be protected from the influence of ultraviolet radiation. The outer lacquer layer can for example be applied directly to the multi-layer protective coating. Alternatively, an additional adhesion promoter or an additional adhesion promoter layer may be used in order to realize adhesion of the outer lacquer layer to the multilayer coating. According to the invention, the outer lacquer layer has color pigments. By the embedded color pigments, the perceptibility of the over-water area of the support section and thus the perceptibility of the entire offshore support structure is increased. This results in a significantly reduced risk of unintentional contact or accidental collision with a watercraft. In particular, in adverse weather conditions, such as heavy fog and / or heavy rain, the offshore support structure is visually perceived much earlier due to the colored lacquer layer on the struts of the support section in the overwater area of sighted skippers. The risk of a collision is reduced by a multiple.

Die erfindungsgemäße Offshore-Tragstruktur wird ferner dadurch vorteilhaft weitergebildet, dass die Farbpigmente als anorganische Farbpigmente ausgebildet sind, welche bei Einwirkung von Ultraviolett-Strahlung ihre optische Farbwirkung beibehalten. Hierdurch wird gewährleistet, dass es nicht zu einem Verblassen der äußeren farbigen Lackschicht kommt. Das verminderte Kollisionsrisiko durch die erhöhte optische Wahrnehmbarkeit der Offshore-Tragstruktur bleibt somit stets erhalten. Dies führt außerdem dazu, dass eine Erneuerung der äußeren farbigen Lackschicht aufgrund eines Verblassens der Farbe nicht notwendig ist. Die Wartungskosten einer Offshore-Tragstruktur, welche im Überwasserbereich eine äußere farbige Lackschicht aufweist, welche bei Einwirkung von Ultraviolett-Strahlung ihre optische Farbwirkung beibehält, sind folglich erheblich reduziert.The inventive offshore support structure is further developed advantageous in that the color pigments are formed as inorganic color pigments which retain their optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. This ensures that there is no fading of the outer colored lacquer layer. The reduced collision risk due to the increased optical Perceptibility of the offshore support structure thus always remains. This also leads to the fact that a renewal of the outer colored lacquer layer due to a fading of the color is not necessary. The maintenance costs of an offshore support structure, which has an outer colored lacquer layer in the above-water area, which retains its optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, are consequently considerably reduced.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Tragstruktur sind die Farbpigmente gelb ausgebildet. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Ausbildung der Farbpigmente in der Farbe verkehrsgelb, welche gemäß dem RAL-Standard als RAL 1023 bezeichnet wird. Die Kenntlichmachung von Offshore-Tragstrukturen durch eine verkehrsgelbe Farbgebung ist eine notwendige Voraussetzung für Tragstrukturen, welche in Offshore-Revieren innerhalb der Bundesrepublik Deutschland aufgestellt werden. Es ist damit zu rechnen, dass die Kenntlichmachung von Offshore-Tragstrukturen durch eine verkehrsgelbe Farbgestaltung in näherer Zukunft zum internationalen Standard werden wird.In a further preferred embodiment of the offshore support structure according to the invention, the color pigments are yellow. Particularly preferred is the formation of color pigments in the color traffic yellow, which is referred to as RAL 1023 according to the RAL standard. The identification of offshore support structures by a yellow traffic color is a necessary condition for support structures, which are set up in offshore areas within the Federal Republic of Germany. It is to be expected that the identification of offshore support structures by a traffic yellow color design will become the international standard in the near future.

Die erfindungsgemäße Offshore-Tragstruktur wird ferner dadurch vorteilhaft weitergebildet, dass die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung mindestens eine der folgenden Schichten aufweist: mindestens einen Haftvermittler, vorzugsweise zwei Haftvermittler, und, erfindungsgemäß, mindestens eine Polymerschicht, vorzugsweise eine Zweikomponenten-Polymerschicht. Durch die Verwendung eines Haftvermittlers, welcher auch als Primer bezeichnet wird, lässt sich eine Polymerschicht auch auf Streben mit einer rauen oder einer texturaufweisenden Oberfläche ohne Weiteres aufbringen. Es entfällt somit der Verarbeitungsschritt der Glättung der Außenoberfläche der verwendeten Streben, welche vorzugsweise als Stahlrohre ausgebildet sind. Durch die Verwendung einer Polymerschicht lassen sich die gewünschten Eigenschaften der mehrschichtigen Beschichtung gezielt einstellen. Bei einer Zweikomponenten-Polymerschicht können positive Eigenschaften zweier Polymermaterialien miteinander gekoppelt werden, sodass eine besonders steife, verschleiß-, abrieb- und zugfeste sowie dämpfende und weiterreißwiderständige Beschichtung realisiert werden kann.The inventive offshore support structure is further advantageously further developed in that the multilayer protective coating comprises at least one of the following layers: at least one adhesion promoter, preferably two adhesion promoters, and, according to the invention, at least one polymer layer, preferably a two-component polymer layer. By using an adhesion promoter, which is also referred to as a primer, a polymer layer can also be easily applied to struts with a rough or texture-bearing surface. It thus eliminates the processing step of smoothing the outer surface of the struts used, which are preferably formed as steel tubes. By using a polymer layer, the desired properties of the multilayer coating can be adjusted in a targeted manner. In the case of a two-component polymer layer, positive properties of two polymer materials can be coupled to one another so that a particularly rigid, wear-resistant, abrasion-resistant and tensile-resistant as well as damping and tear-resistant coating can be realized.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Tragstruktur umfasst die Polymerschicht Polyurethan oder ist im Wesentlichen vollständig aus Polyurethan ausgebildet. Polyurethan eignet sich besonders als Beschichtungsmaterial, da es zäh und elastisch verformbar ist und somit nicht zur Rissbildung neigt. Kommt es zu einer Beanspruchung der Polyurethanschicht, z.B. zu einem Eindrücken oder Aufschlitzen der Polyurethanschicht, wird eine elastische Verformung der Polyurethanschicht hervorgerufen. Nach Aufhebung der Belastung nimmt die Polyurethanschicht entweder wieder den Ausgangszustand an oder ein entstandener Riss wird im Wesentlichen wieder verschlossen. Ferner weist Polyurethan vorteilhafte Dämpfungseigenschaften auf, welche dazu führen, dass externe äußere Schlagbelastungen auf den Tragabschnitt vor Krafteinleitung in die Tragstreben abgedämpft werden.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the offshore support structure according to the invention, the polymer layer comprises polyurethane or is substantially completely formed from polyurethane. Polyurethane is particularly suitable as a coating material because it is tough and elastically deformable and thus does not tend to crack. If it comes to a stress on the polyurethane layer, for example, to a pressing or slitting of the polyurethane layer, is an elastic Deformation of the polyurethane layer caused. After the load has been removed, the polyurethane layer either returns to its original state or a crack that has formed is essentially closed again. Furthermore, polyurethane has advantageous damping properties, which lead to external external impact loads being damped on the support section before introduction of force into the support struts.

Vorzugsweise weist die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung mindestens eine der folgenden Schichten auf: Epoxidharz-Haftvermittler, Klebstoff-Haftvermittler, eine Polyethylenschicht oder eine Polypropylenschicht. Abhängig von den gewünschten Eigenschaften der resultierenden mehrschichtigen Beschichtung sind die verschiedenen Schichten in eine Schichtdicke in einem Bereich von einem Millimeter bis fünf Millimeter aufgetragen.The multilayer protective coating preferably has at least one of the following layers: epoxy resin adhesion promoter, adhesive adhesion promoter, a polyethylene layer or a polypropylene layer. Depending on the desired properties of the resulting multilayer coating, the various layers are coated in a layer thickness ranging from one millimeter to five millimeters.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Tragstruktur weist die Polymerschicht Weichmacher auf. Mittels Weichmachern lassen sich die elastischen Eigenschaften der Polymerschicht präzise einstellen. Abhängig vom beabsichtigten Offshore-Revier, lassen sich somit verschiedene auf die in dem jeweiligen Revier notwendigen Anforderungen zugeschnittene Polymerschichten realisieren.In a further preferred embodiment of the offshore support structure according to the invention, the polymer layer has plasticizers. By means of plasticizers, the elastic properties of the polymer layer can be precisely adjusted. Depending on the intended offshore area, various polymer layers tailored to the requirements of the respective area can be realized.

Ferner wird die erfindungsgemäße Offshore-Tragstruktur durch eine oder mehrere Korrosionsschutzeinrichtungen weitergebildet, welche dazu ausgebildet sind aktiven kathodischen Korrosionsschutz bereitzustellen. Neben dem passiven Korrosionsschutz, welcher durch die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung realisiert wird, sorgt der durch die Korrosionsschutzeinrichtungen hervorgerufene aktive kathodische Korrosionsschutz für eine weitere Reduzierung des Korrosionsrisikos und somit zu einer verlängerten Lebensdauer der Offshore-Tragstruktur. Die Korrosionsschutzeinrichtungen können dabei beispielsweise mit Fremdstrom und einer oder mehreren Fremdstromanoden aus Titan, titanummantelten Kupfer oder Silber-Silberchlorid arbeiten. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kommt der Einsatz von Opferanoden aus Magnesium, Zink oder Aluminium in Frage, welche auch ohne den Einsatz von Fremdstrom Korrosionsschutz bereitstellen.Furthermore, the offshore support structure according to the invention is further developed by one or more corrosion protection devices, which are designed to provide active cathodic corrosion protection. In addition to the passive corrosion protection, which is realized by the multi-layer protective coating, caused by the corrosion protection active cathodic corrosion protection provides for a further reduction of the risk of corrosion and thus to an extended life of the offshore support structure. The corrosion protection devices can work, for example, with external current and one or more extraneous anode anodes made of titanium, titanium-clad copper or silver-silver chloride. Alternatively or additionally, the use of sacrificial anodes of magnesium, zinc or aluminum comes into question, which provide corrosion protection even without the use of external current.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird ferner in einem zweiten Aspekt durch ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei die Tragstreben vor dem Verbinden untereinander mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet werden.The problem underlying the invention is further solved in a second aspect by a method of the type mentioned above, wherein the support struts are coated before joining with each other with the multilayer protective coating.

Dadurch, dass die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung vor dem Verbinden bzw. vor der Zwischen- oder Endmontage der Offshore-Tragstruktur mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet werden, ist das Herstellverfahren erheblich vereinfacht und beschleunigt. Es soll verstanden werden, dass nicht nur die Tragstreben der Tragstruktur vor dem Verbinden der Tragstreben miteinander mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet werden, sondern ebenfalls notwendige Verbindungselemente, wie beispielsweise Knotenpunkte, Adapterringe, Koppelstücke oder Verbindungsplatten, auch vor dem Verbinden der einzelnen Komponenten miteinander mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet werden. Vor dem eigentlichen Zusammensetzen der einzelnen Tragstruktur-Komponenten ist es möglich diese zu bewegen und somit das Auftragen der mehrschichtigen Beschichtung zu vereinfachen. Ferner existieren in diesem Herstellungsstadium noch keine unzugänglichen oder schlecht erreichbaren Strebenabschnitte, deren Beschichtung einen erheblichen Mehraufwand bedingen würde. Ferner können standardisierte Beschichtungsverfahren sowie Beschichtungsroutinen eingeführt werden, welche den Zeit- und Kostenaufwand weiter senken. Ferner können geeignete Beschichtungsstätten bzw. Aufbauten Verwendung finden, um die Beschichtung der einzelnen Komponenten, insbesondere der Tragstreben vor dem eigentlichen Zusammenbau durchzuführen.The fact that the multilayer protective coating is coated with the multilayer protective coating before joining or before the intermediate or final assembly of the offshore support structure, the manufacturing process is considerably simplified and accelerated. It should be understood that not only the support struts of the support structure are coated with each other before joining the support struts with the multilayer protective coating, but also necessary fasteners, such as nodes, adapter rings, coupling pieces or connecting plates, even before connecting the individual components together with the coated multilayer protective coating. Before the actual assembly of the individual support structure components, it is possible to move them and thus to simplify the application of the multilayer coating. Furthermore, in this production stage, there are still no inaccessible or poorly achievable strut sections whose coating would require considerable additional effort. Furthermore, standardized coating methods and coating routines can be introduced, which further reduce the time and expense. Furthermore, suitable coating sites or structures can be used to perform the coating of the individual components, in particular the support struts before the actual assembly.

In einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erfolgt das Beschichten der einen oder der mehreren Tragstreben der Tragstruktur mit einer mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung derart, dass die Tragstreben an Ihren Außenflächen und/oder im Wesentlichen vollständig mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung beschichtet werden. Somit ist ein vollumfänglicher Korrosionsschutz bereits während der Lagerung der Tragstreben vor der Zwischen- oder Endmontage gewährleistet. Es besteht folglich bereits nach der Herstellung der Tragstreben ein wirksamer Korrosionsschutz, sodass die Lebendauer der Tragstreben und somit auch der Offshore-Tragstruktur verlängert wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst den Schritt:

  • Auftragen einer äußeren farbigen Lackschicht, insbesondere einer Lackschicht, welche gelbe Farbpigmente aufweist und/oder welche bei Einwirkung von Ultraviolett-Strahlung ihre optische Farbwirkung beibehält, auf die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung.
In a first preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the coating of the one or more support struts of the support structure with a multi-layer protective coating is carried out such that the support struts are coated on their outer surfaces and / or substantially completely with the multilayer protective coating. Thus, a full corrosion protection is already guaranteed during storage of the support struts before the intermediate or final assembly. Consequently, there is effective corrosion protection already after the production of the support struts, so that the service life of the support struts and thus also of the offshore support structure is extended. The method according to the invention comprises the step:
  • Applying an outer colored lacquer layer, in particular a lacquer layer, which has yellow color pigments and / or which retains its optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, to the multilayer protective coating.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Auftragen der äußeren farbigen Lackschicht vor dem Verbinden der mehreren Tragstreben miteinander. Es werden somit bereits vor der Installation der Offshore-Tragstruktur farbige Tragstreben und ggf. Komponenten zum Verbinden der farbigen Tragstreben bereitgestellt, sodass nach dem Zusammenfügen oder der Endmontage der Offshore-Tragstruktur diese bereits eine farbige Lackschicht aufweist und zeit- und arbeitsaufwändige nachträgliche Lackierungen nicht notwendig sind.Preferably, the application of the outer colored lacquer layer takes place before joining the plurality of support struts together. Thus, colored support struts and possibly components for connecting the colored support struts are already provided before the installation of the offshore support structure, so that after assembly or final assembly of the offshore support structure this already has a colored lacquer layer and time-consuming and laborious subsequent coatings not necessary are.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird ferner durch den folgenden Schritt weitergebildet:

  • Auftragen der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung oder der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung und der äußeren farbigen Lackschicht auf die Verbindungselemente und/oder Verbindungsabschnitte zwischen miteinander verbundenen Tragstreben.
The method according to the invention is further developed by the following step:
  • Applying the multi-layered protective coating or the multi-layered protective coating and the outer colored colored layer to the connecting elements and / or connecting sections between interconnected supporting struts.

Nach dem Verbinden bereits beschichteter Tragstreben miteinander entstehen regelmäßig Abschnitte oder es werden Verbindungselemente verwendet, welche noch nicht beschichtet sind. Zur Realisierung einer vollumfänglichen Beschichtung bedarf es folglich einem nachträglichen Auftragen der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung auf die noch nicht beschichteten Elemente bzw. Abschnitte. Befinden sich diese Elemente bzw. Abschnitte in einem Bereich der Tragstruktur, welcher im Übrigen mittels der farbigen Lackschicht eingefärbt ist, bedarf es ebenfalls einer nachträglichen Auftragung der farbigen Lackschicht auf die Verbindungselemente bzw. Verbindungsabschnitte.After connecting already coated support struts with each other regularly sections or fasteners are used, which are not yet coated. To realize a full-scale coating, it is therefore necessary to subsequently apply the multi-layer protective coating to the not yet coated elements or sections. Are these elements or sections in a region of the support structure, which is colored by the way by means of the colored lacquer layer, it also requires a subsequent application of the colored lacquer layer on the connecting elements or connecting portions.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens umfasst das Beschichten einer oder mehrerer Tragstreben der Tragstruktur mit der mehrschichtigen Beschichtung ferner mindestens einen der folgenden Schritte:

  • Aufbringen, insbesondere Aufsprühen mindestens eines Haftvermittlers, vorzugsweise zweier Haftvermittler; und, erfindungsgemäß
  • Aufbringen, insbesondere Aufsprühen mindestens einer Polymerschicht, vorzugsweise einer Zweikomponenten-Polymerschicht.
In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the coating of one or more support struts of the support structure with the multilayer coating further comprises at least one of the following steps:
  • Applying, in particular spraying on at least one adhesion promoter, preferably two adhesion promoters; and, according to the invention
  • Application, in particular spraying on at least one polymer layer, preferably a two-component polymer layer.

Das Verfahren wird ferner dadurch erfindungsgemäß weitergebildet, dass die Polymerschicht Polyurethan umfasst oder im Wesentlichen vollständig aus Polyurethan ausgebildet ist und/oder die Polymerschicht Weichmacher aufweist.The method is further developed according to the invention in that the polymer layer comprises polyurethane or is substantially completely formed of polyurethane and / or the polymer layer comprises plasticizer.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens umfasst dies die Schritte:

  • Auftragen der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung oder der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung und der äußeren farbigen Lackschicht auf eine Aufnahmeeinrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Turmschafts der Windenergieanlage; und
  • Verbinden der beschichteten Aufnahmeeinrichtung mit einer oder mehreren Tragstreben.
In a further preferred embodiment of the method, this comprises the steps:
  • Applying the multi-layered protective coating or the multi-layered protective coating and the outer colored lacquer layer on a receiving device for receiving a tower shaft of the wind turbine; and
  • Connecting the coated receiving device with one or more support struts.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem beigefügten Ansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung, in welcher Ausführungsbeispiele anhand von Abbildungen im Einzelnen näher erläutert werden. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Tragstruktur; und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung mit einer zusätzlichen äußeren Lackschicht.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the appended claims and the following description of the figures, in which exemplary embodiments are explained in detail with reference to figures. Showing:
Fig. 1
an embodiment of the invention offshore support structure; and
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of the multi-layer protective coating with an additional outer lacquer layer.

Gemäß Fig. 1 umfasst die Offshore-Tragstruktur 1 sechs Befestigungsmittel 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, mittels welcher die Tragstruktur 1 an einem Gewässergrund 4 verankert ist. Die sechs Befestigungsmittel 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f sind in einer gemeinsamen im Wesentlichen horizontalen Ebene angeordnet. Ferner sind die sechs Befestigungsmittel 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f auf einem runden Kreisbogen äquidistant voneinander beabstandet angeordnet.According to Fig. 1 the offshore support structure 1 comprises six attachment means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, by means of which the support structure 1 is anchored to a body of water 4. The six attachment means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f are arranged in a common substantially horizontal plane. Furthermore, the six attachment means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f are arranged equidistant from each other on a circular arc.

Die Befestigungsmittel 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f sind über einen Tragabschnitt 8 mit einer Aufnahmeeinrichtung 6 verbunden. Die Aufnahmeeinrichtung 6 ist dazu eingerichtet, einen Turmschaft einer Windenergieanlage aufzunehmen.The fastening means 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f are connected via a support section 8 with a receiving device 6. The receiving device 6 is adapted to receive a tower shaft of a wind turbine.

Der Tragabschnitt 8 weist einen Unterwasserbereich 8a und einen Überwasserbereich 8b auf. Der Tragabschnitt 8 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als Jacketkonstruktion ausgebildet und weist demnach mehrere fachwerkartig miteinander verbundene Tragstreben 10 auf. Die Tragstreben 10 bzw. die Abschnitte der Tragstreben 10, welche dem Unterwasserbereich 8a des Tragabschnitts 8 zugeordnet sind, sind unterhalb der Wasseroberfläche 9 angeordnet. Die Tragstreben 10 bzw. die Abschnitte der Tragstreben 10, welche dem Überwasserbereich 8b des Tragabschnitts 8 zugeordnet sind, sind oberhalb der Wasseroberfläche 9 angeordnet.The support section 8 has an underwater area 8a and an overwater area 8b. The support portion 8 is formed in this embodiment as a jacket construction and thus has a plurality of truss-like interconnected support struts 10. The support struts 10 or the sections of the support struts 10, which are associated with the underwater area 8a of the support section 8, are arranged below the water surface 9. The support struts 10 and the sections of the support struts 10, which are assigned to the above-water area 8b of the support section 8, are arranged above the water surface 9.

Die Tragstreben 10 des Unterwasserbereichs 8a sowie des Überwasserbereichs 8b des Tragabschnitts 8 sind mit einer mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung 12 beschichtet. Ebenfalls sind die Verbindungselemente, welche die einzelnen Tragstreben 10 des Unterwasserbereichs 8a sowie des Überwasserbereichs 8b der Tragstruktur miteinander verbinden mit der mehrschichtigen Schutzbeschichtung 12 beschichtet. Die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung 12 weist eine erste Haftvermittler-Schicht und eine darüber liegende zweite Polymerschicht auf. Die Polymerschicht ist im Wesentlichen vollständig aus Polyurethan ausgebildet. Als Haftvermittler können Epoxidharz oder Klebstoff eingesetzt werden. Die einzelnen Schichten der mehrschichtigen Beschichtung 12, also die Haftvermittler-Schicht sowie die Polymerschicht, können mit einer Schichtdicke im Bereich von einem Millimeter bis 5 Millimeter aufgetragen werden.The support struts 10 of the underwater area 8a and the above-water area 8b of the support section 8 are coated with a multi-layer protective coating 12. Likewise, the connecting elements, which connect the individual support struts 10 of the underwater region 8a and the overwater region 8b of the support structure to one another, are coated with the multilayer protective coating 12. The multilayer protective coating 12 has a first adhesion promoter layer and an overlying second polymer layer. The polymer layer is substantially completely formed of polyurethane. As a primer epoxy resin or adhesive can be used. The individual layers of the multilayer coating 12, ie the adhesion promoter layer and the polymer layer, can be applied with a layer thickness in the range from one millimeter to 5 millimeters.

Die Tragstreben 10 des Überwasserbereichs 8b sind zusätzlich mit einer äußeren Lackschicht 14 beschichtet. Die äußere Lackschicht ist ebenfalls über eine zusätzliche Haftvermittler-Schicht auf die mehrschichtige Beschichtung 12 aufgetragen. Die äußere Lackschicht 14 weist verkehrsgelbe Farbpigmente auf, welche als anorganische Farbpigmente ausgebildet sind. Die Farbpigmente behalten bei Einwirkung von Ultraviolett-Strahlung ihre optische Farbwirkung stets bei.The support struts 10 of the above-water area 8b are additionally coated with an outer lacquer layer 14. The outer lacquer layer is likewise applied to the multilayer coating 12 via an additional adhesion promoter layer. The outer lacquer layer 14 has yellow traffic-color pigments, which are formed as inorganic color pigments. The color pigments always retain their optical color effect when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer mehrschichtigen Beschichtung 12 auf der Oberfläche einer Tragstrebe 10, welche als Stahlrohr (nicht vollständig abgebildet) ausgebildet ist. Die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung 12 weißt zwei Einzelschichten auf, nämlich eine erste untere Haftvermittler-Schicht 18 sowie eine darüber liegende zweite Polymerschicht 20. Als Haftvermittler kommen beispielsweise Epoxidharz oder Klebstoff in Betracht. Die Polymerschicht kann teilweise oder vollständig aus Polyurethan, Polyethylen oder Polypropylen ausgebildet sein. Ferner kann die Polymerschicht 20 Weichmacher beinhalten. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a multilayer coating 12 on the surface of a support strut 10, which is designed as a steel tube (not fully illustrated). The multi-layer protective coating 12 has two individual layers, namely a first lower adhesion promoter layer 18 and an overlying second polymer layer 20. Suitable adhesion promoters are, for example, epoxy resin or adhesive. The polymer layer may be partially or completely formed of polyurethane, polyethylene or polypropylene. Further, the polymer layer 20 may include plasticizer.

Auf die mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtung 12 ist eine äußere Lackschicht 14 aufgetragen ist. Die äußere Lackschicht 14 weist verkehrsgelbe Farbpigmente auf, wobei die äußere gelbe Lackschicht auch bei Einwirkung von Ultraviolett-Strahlung ihre optische Farbwirkung beibehält.On the multi-layer protective coating 12, an outer lacquer layer 14 is applied. The outer lacquer layer 14 has yellow traffic color pigments, wherein the outer yellow lacquer layer retains its optical color effect even when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

BezuqszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCES

11
Offshore-TragstrukturOffshore support structure
2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f
Befestigungsmittelfastener
44
Gewässergrundbody of water
66
Aufnahmeeinrichtungrecording device
88th
Tragabschnittsupporting section
8a8a
UnterwasserbereichUnderwater area
8b8b
ÜberwasserbereichAbove water
99
Wasseroberflächewater surface
1010
Tragstrebensupport struts
1212
mehrschichtige Schutzbeschichtungmultilayer protective coating
1414
äußere Lackschichtouter lacquer layer
1818
Haftvermittlerbonding agent
2020
Polymerschichtpolymer layer

Claims (13)

  1. An offshore supporting structure (1) for a wind energy plant, with
    one or more fastening means (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f) for fastening the supporting structure (1) to the bed (4) of a body of water,
    a receiving means (6) for receiving a tower shaft of the wind energy plant, and
    a supporting portion (8), which has an underwater region (8a) and an above-water region (8b) and comprises one or more supporting struts (10), wherein the supporting struts (10) connect the receiving means (6) to the fastening means (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f),
    wherein one or more supporting struts (10) in the underwater region (8a) and one or more supporting struts (10) in the above-water region (8b) are coated at least in portions with a multi-layered protective coating (12), wherein the protective coating (12) has at least one polymer layer (20), preferably a two-component polymer layer (20),
    wherein the polymer layer (20) comprises polyurethane or is formed substantially completely of polyurethane,
    and wherein in the above-water region (8b) an outer paint layer (14) is applied at least in portions to the multi-layered protective coating (12), wherein the outer paint layer (14) has coloured pigments.
  2. An offshore supporting structure (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that one or more, preferably all the, supporting struts (10) in the underwater region (8a) and/or one or more, preferably all the, supporting struts (10) in the above-water region (8b) are coated on their outer surfaces and/or substantially completely with the multi-layered protective coating (12).
  3. An offshore supporting structure (1) according to Claim 2,
    characterised in that the coloured pigments are formed as inorganic coloured pigments which retain their optical colour effect under the action of ultraviolet radiation.
  4. An offshore supporting structure (1) according to Claim 2 or 3,
    characterised in that the coloured pigments are formed to be yellow, in particular traffic yellow.
  5. An offshore supporting structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the multi-layered protective coating (12) has an adhesion promoter (18), preferably two adhesion promoters (18).
  6. An offshore supporting structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the polymer layer (20) has plasticisers.
  7. An offshore supporting structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by one or more anti-corrosion means which are formed to provide active cathodic corrosion protection.
  8. A method for producing an offshore supporting structure (1) for a wind energy plant, having the steps:
    - coating one or more supporting struts (10) of the supporting structure (1) with a multi-layered protective coating (12) by applying, in particular spraying on, at least one polymer layer (20), preferably a two-component polymer layer, wherein the polymer layer (20) comprises polyurethane or is formed substantially completely of polyurethane,
    - applying an outer coloured paint layer (14), in particular a paint layer (14) which has yellow coloured pigments and/or which retains its optical colour effect under the action of ultraviolet radiation, to the protective coating (12), preferably prior to the plurality of supporting struts (10) being connected together, and
    - connecting a plurality of supporting struts (10) together,
    wherein the supporting struts (10) prior to being connected together are coated with the multi-layered protective coating (12).
  9. A method according to Claim 8,
    wherein the coating of the one or the plurality of supporting struts (10) of the supporting structure (1) with the multi-layered protective coating (12) takes place in such a way that the supporting struts (10) are coated on their outer surfaces and/or substantially completely with the multi-layered protective coating (12).
  10. A method according to Claim 9,
    further comprising the step:
    - applying the multi-layered protective coating (12) or the multi-layered protective coating (12) and the outer coloured paint layer (14) to connecting elements and/or connecting portions between supporting struts (10) which are connected together.
  11. A method according to one of Claims 8 to 10,
    wherein the coating of one or more supporting struts (10) of the supporting structure (1) with the multi-layered protective coating (12) further comprises at least one of the following steps:
    - applying, in particular spraying on, at least one adhesion promoter (18), preferably two adhesion promoters (18).
  12. A method according to one of Claims 8 to 11,
    wherein the polymer layer (20) has plasticisers.
  13. A method according to one of Claims 8 to 12,
    further comprising the steps:
    - applying the multi-layered protective coating (12) or the multi-layered protective coating (12) and the outer coloured paint layer (14) to a receiving means (6) for receiving a tower shaft of the wind energy plant; and
    - connecting the coated receiving means (6) to one or more supporting struts (10).
EP14171980.7A 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings Active EP2955276B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES14171980.7T ES2694420T3 (en) 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundations for wind turbines with multilayer coating
PL14171980T PL2955276T3 (en) 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings
EP14171980.7A EP2955276B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings
DK14171980.7T DK2955276T3 (en) 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundation for wind turbines with multilayer coating

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14171980.7A EP2955276B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2955276A1 EP2955276A1 (en) 2015-12-16
EP2955276B1 true EP2955276B1 (en) 2018-08-08

Family

ID=50927985

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14171980.7A Active EP2955276B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Offshore foundation for wind energy plants with multilayer coatings

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2955276B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2955276T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2694420T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2955276T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108999754A (en) * 2018-09-26 2018-12-14 大连君方科技有限公司 A kind of anticorrosive offshore wind farm unit and anticorrosive method

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3417569A (en) * 1968-01-25 1968-12-24 William N. Laughlin Protective coating and method
US4415293A (en) * 1982-04-05 1983-11-15 Shell Oil Company Offshore platform free of marine growth and method of reducing platform loading and overturn
US5087154A (en) * 1990-09-17 1992-02-11 Mpt Services, Inc. Coatings and process affording corrosion protection for marine structures
NO320948B1 (en) * 2004-07-01 2006-02-20 Owec Tower As Device for low torque linkage
DE202012005538U1 (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-09-09 Maritime Offshore Group Gmbh Offshore foundation for wind turbines with multilayer coating

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2955276A1 (en) 2015-12-16
ES2694420T3 (en) 2018-12-20
PL2955276T3 (en) 2019-04-30
DK2955276T3 (en) 2018-11-26

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