EP2949993A1 - Heizvorrichtung - Google Patents

Heizvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2949993A1
EP2949993A1 EP15168248.1A EP15168248A EP2949993A1 EP 2949993 A1 EP2949993 A1 EP 2949993A1 EP 15168248 A EP15168248 A EP 15168248A EP 2949993 A1 EP2949993 A1 EP 2949993A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fumes
cyclone separator
combustion chamber
section
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15168248.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michele Bordignon
Denis De Marchi
Fabio De Zen
Enrico Pirollo
Riccardo Repetti
Giorgio Pirolo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruppo Piazzetta SpA
Original Assignee
Gruppo Piazzetta SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gruppo Piazzetta SpA filed Critical Gruppo Piazzetta SpA
Publication of EP2949993A1 publication Critical patent/EP2949993A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for guiding the flow of flue gases, e.g. baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a heating apparatus.
  • the present invention concerns a heating apparatus such as a stove, a fireplace or the like.
  • Apparatuses such as stoves, fireplaces and the like, for heating environments fed with solid fuels such as wood, pellets, wooden chips and the like, are known and widespread. These apparatuses, although allowing renewable energy sources and not fossil fuels, to be used, are responsible of the emission in the atmosphere of considerable amounts of particulate.
  • Some apparatuses are equipped with catalytic filtering systems, or other systems, for example operating electrostatically, installed in the chimney, which are extremely expensive and require frequent maintenance and replacement of the clogged parts.
  • the technical field of the present invention is thus that of improving the state of the art, by devising a heating apparatus which makes it possible to abate or considerably minimise the emission of particulate, present in the combustion fumes, into the atmosphere.
  • one purpose of the present invention is to make a heating apparatus with limited emission of particulate which is structurally and functionally simple.
  • Yet another purpose of the present invention is that of devising a heating apparatus with limited emission of particulate which can be made at low costs and with means known in the field.
  • a further purpose of the present invention is that of making a heating apparatus with limited emission of particulate which is distinguished by technical characteristics of use and by installation bulks which are comparable with those of know types of apparatuses.
  • the heating apparatus comprises a fume outlet path from the combustion chamber, along which there are forced expulsion means, and which leads to a cyclone separator. While passing said path the fumes are progressively cooled down, and also the coarsest part of the particulate transported by the fumes themselves is held.
  • the finer particles of the particulate are deposited, so that the residual concentration in the fumes, which leave the apparatus and are directed towards the fumes exhaust, is minimised.
  • the path of the fumes in outlet and the cyclone separator are both completely integrated inside the support structure, so as to minimise the bulk and to eliminate any cost or any additional installation and/or maintenance activity.
  • the forced expulsion means of the fumes are foreseen near to the inlet of the cyclone separator, so as to increase the inlet speed of the fumes into the separator itself and so as to increase the efficiency of the separator.
  • some sections of the fume outlet path are arranged at the sides of the support structure of the apparatus, so as to improve the heat exchange with the exchange fluid, be it liquid or aeriform.
  • the heating apparatus comprises a support structure in which the cyclone separator is integrated; the fume outlet path is integrated in the support structure and it comprises at least one first discending section communicating with the combustion chamber, and at least one second ascending section communicating with said cyclone separator.
  • the forced expulsion means of the fumes comprise at least one fan positioned at the top of said second ascending section and at the inlet for the fumes into said cyclone separator.
  • a heating apparatus according to the present invention is wholly indicated with reference numeral 1.
  • the heating apparatus according to the invention can consist, for example, of a stove, of a fireplace, or of any other similar apparatus that is fed with fuel such as wood, pellets and the like, without any limitation as far as dimensions, uses, thermal power delivered and other possible characteristics are concerned.
  • the heating apparatus comprises a combustion chamber 2.
  • the apparatus also comprises forced expulsion means of the fumes from the combustion chamber 2, wholly indicated with reference numeral 3.
  • the apparatus 1 moreover comprises a fume outlet path from the combustion chamber 2, wholly indicated with reference numeral 4.
  • the apparatus 1 also comprises a cyclone separator 5 of the combustion fumes.
  • the cyclone separator 5 is suitable for holding inside it the finer particles of the particulate transported by the combustion fumes, so as to abate the emission in the atmosphere in a substantial manner.
  • the cyclone separator 5 is positioned at the end of the fume outlet path 4 of the fumes coming from the combustion chamber 2, and communicates with the fumes exhaust 6 of the apparatus 1 through a further section of duct T, which can have a variable length. More in detail, the heating apparatus 1 comprises a support structure, wholly indicated with reference numeral 7.
  • the support structure 7 has specific characteristics which can vary in relation to the application of the heating apparatus.
  • the materials used, the dimensions, the installation modalities, and yet more can be varied.
  • the materials used for making the support structure 7, its dimensions, etc. are essentially known in the field, and are not therefore object of the present invention and do not require further detailed description.
  • the combustion chamber 2 of the heating apparatus 1 is of the type per se known in the field.
  • the combustion chamber 2 comprises a conventional brazier 8 on which a solid fuel such as wood, pellets, wooden chips or the like is loaded, and from which the ashes fall.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is provided at the top with a fumes deflector 9, that is suitable for holding a first part of particulate and ashes.
  • a protection 10 for example made of glass, of the type known in the field, is also foreseen.
  • the cyclone separator 5 is completely integrated in the support structure 7, and for example, it can be contained inside it. Also the fume outlet path 4 from the combustion chamber 2 is completely integrated in the support structure 7.
  • the path 4 comprises at least one first descending section 11 communicating with the combustion chamber 2.
  • the path 4 comprises two first descending sections 11 communicating with the combustion chamber 2.
  • the first two descending sections 11 communicate with the combustion chamber 2 through two respective first openings 12.
  • the path 4 moreover comprises a second ascending section 13.
  • the second ascending section 13 is placed in communication with the cyclone separator 5, through a second opening 14.
  • the aforementioned first two descending sections 11 are arranged, inside the support structure 7, laterally and on opposite sides with respect to the cyclone separator 5.
  • the second ascending section 13 is positioned between the first descending sections 11, directly adjacent to the outer wall of the cyclone separator 5.
  • the forced expulsion means of the fumes comprise a fan.
  • the fan 3 is of the type essentially known in the field.
  • the fan 3 is positioned between the first descending sections 11 and the second ascending section 13.
  • the fan 3 is positioned at the base 15 of the support structure 7.
  • a lower chamber 16 is foreseen.
  • the lower chamber 16 comprises a first port 18, which communicates with a horizontal section 19 which joins the first two descending sections 11 of the path 4.
  • the lower chamber 16 moreover comprises a second port 20, which communicates with an upper chamber 21.
  • the upper chamber 21 is, also, placed directly in communication with the second ascending section 13 of the path 4.
  • an inspection and cleaning opening can be foreseen, possibly equipped with a collection tank, that is not represented in the figures, for the deposited particulate.
  • the apparatus according to the invention also comprises a main collection tank 22.
  • a main collection tank 22 Advantageously both the combustion ashes, which fall from the brazier 8, and the particulate, which is deposited inside the cyclone separator 5, are discharged into the main tank 22.
  • the main tank 22 can be periodically removed so as to be emptied out and cleaned.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises a safety valve 23 of the combustion chamber 2.
  • the safety valve 23 is positioned at the top of the combustion chamber 2, substantially near to the fumes exhaust outlet 6.
  • the selective opening of the safety valve 23 makes it possible to exclude, from the escape route of the combustion fumes, the path 4: the fumes coming from the chamber 2, therefore, flow directly towards the fumes exhaust outlet 6.
  • the opening of the safety valve 23 can be manual or automatic, in the case in which the heating apparatus 1 is provided with an electronic unit for controlling and managing its operation, of the known type.
  • the opening of the safety valve 23 can occur in particular situations during the normal operation of the apparatus, or it can occur in the case in which there is failure of the expulsion means 3 of the fumes, or again in the case in which there is a lack of electric energy.
  • the cyclone separator 5 of the per se known type in its general and size characteristics, comprises an outlet tube 24 equipped with at least an inner deflector 25, suitable for interrupting the swirling motion of the gases so as to limit the drawing of the dust already deposited at the bottom of the separator 5 itself, as illustrated in figures 15 and 16 .
  • the inner deflector 25 of the outlet tube 24 has a substantially rectangular shape, substantially having the same length as the tube 24 itself.
  • the cyclone separator 5 also comprises a lower closure valve 26.
  • the lower closure valve 26, from which an extension projects allowing the particulate to be discharged, can be actuated manually, or automatically in the case in which the heating apparatus 1 is provided with an electronic unit for controlling and managing its operation, of the type per se known.
  • the operation of the heating apparatus according to the invention is as follows.
  • the fumes produced in the combustion chamber 2 flow through the first openings 12, and thus travel along the first descending sections 11.
  • the fumes pass through the horizontal section 19 and the first port 18, and flow through the lower chamber 16, in which the impeller 17 is housed.
  • the finer particles of the particulate transported by the fumes are deposited. These particles deposit at the bottom, and can be discharged into the main tank 22 through the lower closure valve 26.
  • the remaining part i.e. the finer particles, are advantageously deposited inside the cyclone separator 5, according to modalities known for this type of device so that at the outlet from the separator the fumes contain a minimum, if not even negligible, concentration of particulate, also of the finest type.
  • the heating apparatus has a compact structure, having a limited bulk, and does not require special installation activity to make the fumes abatement efficient. Indeed, both the path 4 and the cyclone separator 5 are efficiently and completely integrated inside the support structure 7.
  • the apparatus has a limited cost, it is constructively and operationally simple and it can be made with technologies and means that are known in the field.
  • the energy consumption and the operation costs can be compared to those of known apparatuses without fume abatement means.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the present invention is illustrated in figures 4, 5, 6 .
  • the fume outlet path 4 comprises a single first descending section 11 and a single second ascending section 13.
  • both the first descending section 11 and the second ascending section 13 are positioned at the sides of the support structure 7.
  • heat exchange fins 27 are also foreseen at both the first section 11 and at the second section 13.
  • the first descending section 11 flows into the upper chamber 21 through a first side opening 28.
  • the upper chamber 21 is separated in two parts by a central divider 29, as illustrated in figure 4 .
  • the upper chamber 21 is placed in communication with the lower chamber 16, where the impeller 17 is housed, through the first port 18 and the second port 20.
  • the upper chamber 21 also communicates with the second ascending section 13 through a second side opening 30.
  • the second ascending section 13 finally, communicates with the cyclone separator 5 through an upper section 31.
  • the fumes from the combustion chamber 2 flow into the first descending section 11 through the first opening 12.
  • the fumes go down towards the first side opening 28, and penetrate inside the upper chamber 21.
  • the fumes finally flow through the upper section 31 and then enter into the second opening 14 which feeds to the cyclone separator 5. Inside the latter the phenomena already described for the previous embodiment occur.
  • FIG. 7 Another embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the present invention is illustrated in figures 7, 8, 9 .
  • the forced expulsion means of the fumes 3 comprise a fan positioned at the top of the second ascending section 13, and in particular at the second fume inlet opening 14 in the cyclone separator 5.
  • the path comprises a first descending section 11, a horizontal section 19, and a second ascending section 13 reciprocally communicating and positioned behind with respect to the combustion chamber 2; there is also an upper section 31 which leads towards the cyclone separator 5.
  • dividing wall 32 suitable for holding part of the ashes and of the particulate present inside the combustion fumes.
  • the dividing wall 32 is foreseen between the first descending section 11 and the second ascending section 13, i.e. along the horizontal section 19.
  • the fumes of the combustion chamber 2 pass through the first opening 12, flow along the first descending section 11, and from here the move on directly along the horizontal section 19 and then along the second ascending section 13, progressively cooling down.
  • the fumes then pass through the fan 3 and move on through the upper section 31 towards the cyclone separator 5, in which the phenomena already described occur.
  • the fumes thanks to the positioning of the fan 3, are introduced inside the cyclone separator 5 with a speed that is greater than that which occurs in the solutions with the fan 3 placed at the bottom: thanks to this, there is a considerable increase in the efficiency of the cyclone separator 5.
  • FIG. 10 Another embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the present invention is illustrated in figures 10, 11, 12 .
  • This embodiment is similar to that of figures 4, 5, 6 , with the difference that the forced expulsion means 3 of the fumes are positioned at the top of the support structure 7 of the apparatus 1.
  • the fume outlet path 4 thus comprises a single first descending section 11 and a single second ascending section 13.
  • Both the first descending section 11 and the second ascending section 13 are positioned at the sides of the support structure 7.
  • Heat exchange fins 27 are also foreseen at both the first section 11 and second section 13.
  • the first descending section 11 flows out into the upper chamber 21 through a first side opening 28.
  • the upper chamber 21 is equipped with a pair of dividing walls 32 suitable for holding a part of the particulates transported by the fumes.
  • the upper chamber 21 moreover communicates with the second ascending section 13 through a second side opening 30.
  • the second ascending section 13 communicates with the upper section 31, along which the fan 3 is inserted.
  • the upper section 31 finally leads to the cyclone separator 5.
  • the fumes from the combustion chamber 2 flow into the first descending section 11 through the first opening 12.
  • the fumes go down towards the first side opening 28, and penetrate inside the upper chamber 21.
  • Part of the particulate transported by the fumes is held by the dividing walls 32.
  • the fumes finally flow through the upper section 31 and, by passing through the fan 3, they then enter into the second opening 14 which feeds to the cyclone separator 5. Inside the latter the phenomena already described for the previous embodiment occur.
  • the heat exchange with the exchange fluid is substantially increased, since the first descending section 11 and the second ascending section 13 have a greater exchange surface with the vector fluid, for example water or air.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a schematic detail of another embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the invention.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises an additional collection tank 33, in which the particulate deposited inside the cyclone separator 5 is discharged.
  • Such an additional tank 33 can advantageously be removed and cleaned independently from the main tank 22, which collects the ashes produced in the combustion chamber 2.
  • Figure 14 illustrates a schematic detail of another embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the invention.
  • the dividing walls 32 suitable for holding the particulate have a different arrangement with respect to the previous embodiments; such dividing walls 32 can also be made orientable or adjustable in relation to the actual through port which is desired to be obtained.
  • Figures 17, 18 illustrate other embodiments of the apparatus, with particular reference to the outlet tube 24 of the fumes from the cyclone separator 5.
  • the inner deflector 25 of the outlet tube 24 has a rectangular shape with a length that is shorter than that of the outlet tube 24 itself.
  • the inner deflector 25 of the outlet tube 24 has a curvilinear profile, substantially tapered downwards.
  • the interruption of the swirling motion of the gas inside the outlet tube 24 occurs in a less abrupt manner, and therefore more gradual.
  • the cyclone separator 5 can be provided with a plurality of parallel outlet tubes 24, each equipped with a respective inner deflector 25.
  • cyclone separator 5 and/or the fume path 4 can be integrated in the apparatus 1 positioned outside the support structure 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
EP15168248.1A 2010-11-15 2011-10-28 Heizvorrichtung Withdrawn EP2949993A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVR2010A000212A IT1403485B1 (it) 2010-11-15 2010-11-15 Apparecchiatura di riscaldamento
EP20110797121 EP2641020B1 (de) 2010-11-15 2011-10-28 Heizvorrichtung

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110797121 Division EP2641020B1 (de) 2010-11-15 2011-10-28 Heizvorrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2949993A1 true EP2949993A1 (de) 2015-12-02

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ID=43743207

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110797121 Active EP2641020B1 (de) 2010-11-15 2011-10-28 Heizvorrichtung
EP15168248.1A Withdrawn EP2949993A1 (de) 2010-11-15 2011-10-28 Heizvorrichtung

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110797121 Active EP2641020B1 (de) 2010-11-15 2011-10-28 Heizvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2641020B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2542635T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1403485B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2012066441A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVR20120089A1 (it) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-12 Gruppo Piazzetta Spa Apparecchiatura di riscaldamento
ES2597234B1 (es) * 2015-07-14 2017-12-12 José María GARCÍA GÓMEZ Sistema de generación de energía térmica

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1051774A (de) *
AU563481B2 (en) * 1983-09-26 1987-07-09 Park, T. Combustion chamber for boilers or furnaces
DE9003037U1 (de) * 1990-03-13 1990-05-17 Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen Heizkessel mit Rauchgasentstauber
DE202008012237U1 (de) * 2008-09-16 2009-01-02 Buss, Alexander Verbesserter Kaminofen
AT11433U1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-10-15 Guntamatic Heiztechnik Gmbh Heizkessel für stückelige brennstoffe, insbesondere holzpellets

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB925816A (en) * 1959-06-03 1963-05-08 Svenska Jarnvagsverkst Erna Ab Heating boiler preferably for central heating provided with convection part and dust separator
FR1380352A (fr) * 1964-01-28 1964-11-27 Mediterranea Compagnia Ind Com épurateur pour les conduits de fumées
JPS5767718A (en) * 1980-10-16 1982-04-24 Sagami Plant Service:Kk Method of combustion of combustible waste and its apparatus
DE3402787A1 (de) * 1984-01-27 1986-01-02 Wilhelm & Sander GmbH, 3418 Uslar Heizkessel fuer manuelle und/oder automatische beschickung von festen brennstoffen sowie regeleinrichtung zur regelung der heizleistung des heizkessels

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1051774A (de) *
AU563481B2 (en) * 1983-09-26 1987-07-09 Park, T. Combustion chamber for boilers or furnaces
DE9003037U1 (de) * 1990-03-13 1990-05-17 Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen Heizkessel mit Rauchgasentstauber
DE202008012237U1 (de) * 2008-09-16 2009-01-02 Buss, Alexander Verbesserter Kaminofen
AT11433U1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-10-15 Guntamatic Heiztechnik Gmbh Heizkessel für stückelige brennstoffe, insbesondere holzpellets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2542635T3 (es) 2015-08-07
ITVR20100212A1 (it) 2012-05-16
WO2012066441A3 (en) 2012-07-12
EP2641020B1 (de) 2015-05-20
EP2641020A2 (de) 2013-09-25
IT1403485B1 (it) 2013-10-17
WO2012066441A2 (en) 2012-05-24

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