EP2949131B1 - Vehicle and microphone for microphone arrangement in the vehicle - Google Patents
Vehicle and microphone for microphone arrangement in the vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2949131B1 EP2949131B1 EP14700967.4A EP14700967A EP2949131B1 EP 2949131 B1 EP2949131 B1 EP 2949131B1 EP 14700967 A EP14700967 A EP 14700967A EP 2949131 B1 EP2949131 B1 EP 2949131B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microphone
- signal
- bus
- circuit
- capsule
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- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 43
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- 230000030808 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/005—Electrostatic transducers using semiconductor materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/003—Mems transducers or their use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a microphone for sound detection in a motor vehicle.
- the microphone has a microphone capsule, in which a microphone membrane and a driver circuit for generating an electrical signal from a membrane movement are integrated. From the microphone, an electrical microphone signal can be tapped via connection contacts.
- the invention also includes a motor vehicle in which a microphone arrangement is provided, as is possible with a plurality of the microphones according to the invention.
- a large number of microphones can be arranged in the vehicle interior.
- a directional cylinder microphone for installation in a motor vehicle in which a microphone housing, a microphone capsule, an amplifier circuit and a cable holder for fixing a connecting cable are arranged.
- the connection cable is led out of the microphone housing in order to be able to pick up the signal of the microphone capsule.
- a microphone capsule is soldered onto a printed circuit board of the dashboard.
- the circuit board or other structural elements of the Dashboard having an arrangement passage openings for the directional detection of sound. Due to the arrangement of the microphone capsule on the printed circuit board no separate wiring is required. Instead, the microphone capsule may be connected to printed circuit boards mounted on the printed circuit board via a bus system with a voice processing system which is positioned at a suitable location of the motor vehicle independently of the microphone capsule.
- This solution has the disadvantage that microphone capsules can only be provided where a printed circuit board is also available on which corresponding interface circuits for the bus system are soldered. For example, a microphone capsule can not be accommodated in the headliner of the motor vehicle since there are no such printed circuit boards.
- a similar microphone system for a motor vehicle which comprises a plurality of microphone devices distributed in the motor vehicle.
- the microphone devices are connected via a bus system with the head unit of the motor vehicle.
- Each of the microphone devices each comprises a microphone cluster with three individual microphone capsules.
- the PDM signals (PDM - pulse-density modulation) of the microphone capsules are converted by a signal converter to PCM signals (PCM - pulse code modulation).
- the microphone device each have a bus controller.
- the bus system is a synchronous MOST bus system which has two optical conductors in ring structure.
- the signals of the microphone capsules of the microphone cluster of each microphone device should be able to be combined into a beamforming signal.
- the circuit components of a microphone cluster are supplied with a common clock signal.
- the microphone signals of the individual microphones of a microphone cluster must be combined by a common bus controller and sent together to the head unit. For this reason, the individual microphone devices consisting of the microphone cluster, the converter device from PDM to PCM and the bus controller are still relatively large.
- the invention has for its object to provide for a sound detection in a motor vehicle, a microphone assembly that requires little space.
- a microphone diaphragm is arranged in a known manner in a microphone capsule.
- the microphone capsule has at least one sound inlet opening, through which an airborne sound can reach the microphone diaphragm from outside the microphone capsule and set it in motion.
- a driver circuit is arranged in the microphone capsule.
- Driver circuit is here to be understood as an electronic circuit, by means of which an electrical diaphragm signal is generated in a manner known per se as a function of the movement of the microphone diaphragm. It is important for the understanding of the invention that this is a single signal which describes the movement of the microphone diaphragm and represents the audio signal contained in the sound. There is no summary of multiple electrical signals to a beamforming signal provided.
- the microphone On the microphone capsule accessible from the outside connection contacts are arranged, via which the microphone can emit an electric microphone signal.
- this microphone signal is not directly related to the electrical signal of the driver circuit. Rather, in the microphone according to the invention between the driver circuit and the connection contacts, a further circuit is connected, which is referred to here as an interface circuit.
- This interface circuit is also disposed in the microphone capsule and adapted to convert the single membrane signal of the driver circuit into a digital bus signal according to a predetermined bus standard. This bus signal is then output as the microphone signal via the terminal contacts. If, therefore, an acoustic sound is detected by means of the microphone diaphragm, then a bus signal is generated directly from the microphone according to the invention, which signal can be output to a data bus.
- the microphone is directly operable as a bus node of a data bus when the terminals of the microphone capsule are connected to the bus.
- the microphone according to the invention has the advantage that now a single component is ready, namely the microphone capsule, which can be connected directly to a data bus and so can feed an audio signal directly into the data bus.
- Another advantage is obtained by interpreting the interface circuit to insert the microphone signal into a time division multiplexed signal of the data bus. Then, several of the microphones according to the invention can be arranged along a bus line of the data bus and the microphone signals of all microphones are transmitted as a time-division multiplex signal via the same bus line to a central processing device, for example a head unit or an infotainment system. This advantageously reduces the wiring complexity for such a microphone arrangement.
- the interface circuit of the microphone according to the invention is also designed to communicate bidirectionally via the data bus and in this case to receive a diagnosis request and to generate a diagnosis message in response to a functional capability of a component of the microphone to the diagnosis request.
- a self-examination of the microphone can be initiated, by which, for example, the microphone diaphragm, the driver circuit and the interface circuit can be checked for their functionality. This can be carried out in an automated form, for example, at each start of the motor vehicle by a control unit and the recognition of a defect to the driver to visit a workshop are recommended.
- connection contacts for outputting the microphone signal.
- the microphone can be connected to a central processing device via a twisted-pair line.
- An output pin may e.g. be formed by a wire.
- a further advantage results if, in addition to the connection contacts for outputting the microphone signal, input contacts for receiving a bus signal of another microphone are also arranged on the microphone capsule.
- the other microphone is preferably also an embodiment of the microphone according to the invention.
- the bus signal of this other microphone is then received via the input contacts.
- the interface device must then be designed to loop through this received bus signal to the mentioned connection contacts for the output of its own microphone signal.
- This embodiment represents a concrete variant of the possibility described above of using a common bus line to transmit the microphone signals of several microphones to a central processing unit.
- the interface circuit is designed to generate the bus signal according to the A2B bus standard.
- This bus standard makes it possible to transmit a time-multiplex signal with a sufficiently high bandwidth for the transmission of several microphone signals via an unshielded twisted-pair bus line. In other words, all the advantages described above can be realized simultaneously by means of an A2B interface circuit.
- a further advantage results when the microphone membrane is provided by a micro-electro-mechanical system, or MEMS for short.
- MEMS micro-electro-mechanical system
- Another name for such a system is silicon microphone. It can be arranged on a common circuit board so the microphone diaphragm, the driver circuit and the interface circuit. This results in a particularly compact design of the microphone.
- the driver circuit and the interface circuit are preferably phantom-powered via the connection contacts. Then can be done via the bus lines and a supply of the microphone with electrical energy. This leads to a further saving of cables.
- the driver circuit may comprise an amplifier circuit and a converter circuit connected downstream of the latter.
- the amplifier circuit generates an electrical, analog signal as a function of the movement of the microphone diaphragm, and the converter circuit then generates a digital signal from the analog signal.
- the digital signal is one of the following: an I2S signal (I2S - Inter IC Sound Interface, IC - Integrated Circuit), a PDM signal or a PCM signal.
- I2S signal I2S - Inter IC Sound Interface, IC - Integrated Circuit
- PDM PDM signal
- PCM PCM signal
- This embodiment has the advantage that standard components for the realization of the driver circuit on the one hand and the interface circuit on the other hand can be used.
- Another (not separately claimed) embodiment of the microphone according to the invention provides to realize the driver circuit and the interface circuit as a common integrated circuit (IC). Then a single IC in the microphone capsule is sufficient.
- the microphone capsule itself, an advantageous embodiment results if it comprises a metal cup in which at least the microphone diaphragm and the driver circuit are arranged.
- the interface circuit is arranged in the metal cup.
- the metal is advantageously aluminum.
- the provision of a metal cup shields the driver circuit and the interface circuit against interfering electromagnetic radiation.
- Aluminum can be formed by means of pressing suitable for heating.
- a further embodiment of the microphone according to the invention provides that the interface circuit is adapted to receive an external clock signal and to provide the driver circuit.
- the clock signal can be a bus clock of the data bus. Then you can do without an additional clock.
- the invention also includes a motor vehicle.
- This is preferably a passenger car.
- the motor vehicle according to the invention has a microphone arrangement comprising a plurality of microphones, each of which represents an embodiment of the microphone according to the invention. All microphones are connected via a common bus line to a central receiving unit. The microphones each generate a bus signal to a corresponding locally detected sound and combine their bus signals on the bus line to a time-division multiplex signal that can be received by the central receiving unit.
- the infotainment system can then receive and process a microphone signal as an audio input signal.
- the vehicle according to the invention has the advantage that a plurality of individual microphones can be distributed in a motor vehicle interior, for example in a headliner, and in this case only a small amount of installation space has to be made available for each of the microphones.
- the bus line can also be designed very simply, in particular with a small diameter, since all microphones share the bus line.
- the microphone array is therefore also well scalable, because to provide another microphone, no complete line from the additional microphones to the receiving unit must be laid.
- the receiving unit From the receiving unit then that of the microphone signals with the best audio quality can be forwarded to an infotainment system.
- a preferred embodiment of the motor vehicle is designed such that the receiving unit forms a selection circuit.
- the receiving unit is designed to extract the respective microphone signal from the bus signals of all the microphones (ie to reassemble the individual data packets received via the data bus) and to determine a value for a quality measure for each extracted microphone signal. It is then that extracted microphone signal with the largest value of the quality measure as the actual audio input signal forwarded to the infotainment system.
- the infotainment system it is advantageously ensured that the infotainment system always has that microphone signal which has the best audio quality.
- a signal-to-noise ratio can be estimated.
- Estimation algorithms for this are known per se from the prior art. For example, a resting level can be determined via long-term averaging of the respective microphone signal, and then a ratio of the current level to the resting level can be calculated when the level of the microphone signal changes.
- a ratio of the current level to the resting level can be calculated when the level of the microphone signal changes.
- there is also single access to each microphone signal so that a combination of several of the microphone signals can also be formed, e.g. a beamforming signal.
- infotainment system it can be provided to forward the audio input signal to a telephony module of the infotainment system and / or a voice recognition module of the infotainment system. These then work very reliably with the audio input signal with the high audio quality.
- a motor vehicle 10 is shown in a plan view, which may be, for example, a passenger car. For better orientation, the location of wheels 12 and motor vehicle doors 14 is indicated.
- a head unit 16 may be provided by the example, an infotainment system.
- the head unit 16 may have, for example, a telephony module, such as a UTMS module or LTE module.
- the head unit 16 may also include a voice recognition module. This can be provided, for example, as a program module.
- microphones 18, 20 may be arranged in a headliner of the motor vehicle 10, for example.
- the microphones 18, 20 may, for example, be arranged above a driver's seat 22, a passenger's seat 24 and a rear bench 26.
- the microphones 18 can each be an embodiment of the microphone according to the invention.
- the microphone 20 comprises a plurality of microphone capsules, which are interconnected via a common printed circuit board. The exact structure of the microphone 20 does not contribute to the understanding of the invention and therefore will not be further elaborated here.
- the microphones 18 are relatively small and therefore can be easily integrated into the headliner.
- the microphones 18 generate digital output signals, the microphones via a common, individual bus line 28 18, 20 with a receiving unit 30 of the head unit 16 connects.
- the bus line 28 may be, for example, an unshielded twisted-pair line.
- the receiving unit 30 can be, for example, an A2B receiving circuit, as it is commercially available.
- the microphones 18, 20 each a digital microphone signal as a bus signal in a time division multiplex method in each time slots assigned sections to the receiving unit 30.
- the microphones 18 have their own interface circuit, which makes it possible to insert the respective own digital microphone signal into the time-division multiplex signal.
- an external interface circuit is necessary, since here the microphone signals of several microphone capsules must be combined with one another before they can be transmitted. This makes the microphone 20 relatively large.
- the microphone 18 may include a microphone capsule 32, which may be made of aluminum, for example.
- the microphone capsule 32 has a sound inlet opening 34.
- the microphone capsule 32 may also have a plurality of sound entry openings. Sound from an environment 36 can pass through the sound inlet opening 34 from a microphone membrane (not shown) in the interior of the microphone capsule 32.
- a driver circuit 38 generates an electrical signal during a movement of the microphone diaphragm in a manner known per se.
- the driver circuit 38 may also include a digitizing circuit by means of which the analogue signal of the diaphragm movement can be converted into a digital audio signal, for example an I 2 S signal, PDM signal or PCM signal.
- a digitizing circuit by means of which the analogue signal of the diaphragm movement can be converted into a digital audio signal, for example an I 2 S signal, PDM signal or PCM signal.
- the driver circuit 38 transmits the digital signal representing the sound signal to an interface circuit 40 which couples the driver circuit 38 to terminals 42 of the microphone 18 via which the microphone 18 is electrically connected to that portion of the bus line 28 leading to the receiver unit 30 leads. Additional terminals 44 of the microphone 18 are electrically connected to that portion of the bus line 28 connected, which leads to other microphones 18.
- the terminal contacts 42, 44 may be, for example, pins that are formed from wires. For better clarity, wires 28 ', 28 "of the bus line 28 are shown.
- the interface circuit 40 may comprise a circuit board or printed circuit board 46 on which a communication module 48 for the transmission of data to the receiving unit 30 and a communication module 50 for the reception of data via the terminals 44 may be arranged.
- a diameter D of the circular circuit board 46 here can be 15 mm, for example.
- a height H which is composed of the thickness of the printed circuit board 16, 46 and the height of the modules 48, 50, 52 arranged thereon, can be for example 4 to 5 mm.
- the attached components 48, 50, 52 may for example have a height of up to 3 mm. In Fig. 2 Holding elements for the interface circuit 40 and the driver circuit 38 are not shown.
- the communication modules 48, 50 may be coupled via a bus driver 52.
- the driver circuit 38 may also be coupled to the bus driver 52.
- the bus driver 52 may be, for example, an A2B module.
- FIG Fig. 3 An example arrangement of the communication modules 48, 50 and the bus driver 52 is shown in FIG Fig. 3 shown. Other, not relevant to the explanation of the invention components are also shown in their relative position and size to said modules.
- the communication modules 48, 50 can pass data through the microphone 18 via the bus driver 52, so that also for other microphones, which send data via the connections 44 to the interface circuit 40, this data can be forwarded to the receiving unit 30 via looping through. In the reverse direction and diagnostic requests of the receiving unit 30 can be looped through.
- the bus driver 52 may additionally insert data of the driver circuit 38 into the data stream.
- a time division multiplex method can be used here.
- the bus standard A2B is suitable for transmitting to the receiving unit 30 the digitized audio data of all microphones with a sufficiently high sampling rate (for example 8 kHz or 16 kHz) in the cascade connection (daisy chain) of the microphones 18 and the microphone 20.
- the receiving unit 30 can then off those signals of the microphones 18, 20, which satisfies a predetermined quality criterion, that is, for example, the loudest signal or has the highest value for the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio), for example, the telephony module or speech recognition module of the infotainment system 16 forward.
- a predetermined quality criterion that is, for example, the loudest signal or has the highest value for the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio), for example, the telephony module or speech recognition module of the infotainment system 16 forward.
- the example shows how a complete integration of a bus interface directly into the capsule of a microphone can be realized.
- the microphone capsule is connected to a vehicle bus via the interface, in particular to an A2B bus. This provides more flexibility in the placement and cabling of the microphones in the vehicle.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Mikrofon für eine Schallerfassung in einem Kraftfahrzeug. Das Mikrofon weist eine Mikrofonkapsel auf, in welche eine Mikrofonmembran sowie eine Treiberschaltung zum Erzeugen eines elektrischen Signals aus einer Membranbewegung integriert sind. Von dem Mikrofon kann über Anschlusskontakte ein elektrisches Mikrofonsignal abgegriffen werden. Zu der Erfindung gehört auch ein Kraftwagen, in welchem eine Mikrofonanordnung bereitgestellt ist, wie sie mit mehreren der erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofone ermöglicht ist.The invention relates to a microphone for sound detection in a motor vehicle. The microphone has a microphone capsule, in which a microphone membrane and a driver circuit for generating an electrical signal from a membrane movement are integrated. From the microphone, an electrical microphone signal can be tapped via connection contacts. The invention also includes a motor vehicle in which a microphone arrangement is provided, as is possible with a plurality of the microphones according to the invention.
Um in einem Kraftfahrzeug Schallsignale, insbesondere Sprache, möglichst rauscharm, d. h. mit hoher Qualität, erfassen zu können, können im Fahrzeuginnenraum eine Vielzahl von Mikrofonen angeordnet sein. Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für eine Schallerfassung in einem Kraftfahrzeug eine Mikrofonanordnung bereitzustellen, die wenig Bauraum benötigt.The invention has for its object to provide for a sound detection in a motor vehicle, a microphone assembly that requires little space.
Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Mikrofon gemäß Patentanspruch 1 sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß Patentanspruch 11 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die Unteransprüche gegeben.The object is achieved by a microphone according to claim 1 and a motor vehicle according to claim 11. Advantageous developments of the invention are given by the dependent claims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofon ist in bekannter Weise in einer Mikrofonkapsel eine Mikrofonmembran angeordnet. Die Mikrofonkapsel weist zumindest eine Schalleintrittsöffnung auf, durch welche von außerhalb der Mikrofonkapsel ein Luftschall zu der Mikrofonmembran gelangen kann und diese in Bewegung versetzen kann. In der Mikrofonkapsel ist des Weiteren eine Treiberschaltung angeordnet. Unter Treiberschaltung ist hier eine elektronische Schaltung zu verstehen, durch welche in an sich bekannter Weise in Abhängigkeit von der Bewegung der Mikrofonmembran ein elektrisches Membransignal erzeugt wird. Für das Verständnis der Erfindung ist wichtig, dass es sich hier um ein einziges Signal handelt, welches die Bewegung der Mikrofonmembran beschreibt und das in dem Schall enthaltene Audiosignal repräsentiert. Es ist keine Zusammenfassung mehrerer elektrischer Signale zu einem Beamforming-Signal vorgesehen. An der Mikrofonkapsel sind von außen erreichbare Anschlusskontakte angeordnet, über welche das Mikrofon ein elektrisches Mikrofonsignal abgeben kann. Bei diesem Mikrofonsignal handelt es sich aber nicht unmittelbar um das elektrische Signal der Treiberschaltung. Vielmehr ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofon zwischen der Treiberschaltung und den Anschlusskontakten eine weitere Schaltung geschaltet, die hier als Schnittstellenschaltung bezeichnet ist. Diese Schnittstellenschaltung ist ebenfalls in der Mikrofonkapsel angeordnet und dazu ausgelegt, das einzelne Membransignal der Treiberschaltung in ein digitales Bussignal gemäß einem vorgegebenen Busstandard zu wandeln. Dieses Bussignal wird dann als das Mikrofonsignal über die Anschlusskontakte ausgegeben. Wird also mittels der Mikrofonmembran ein akustischer Schall erfasst, so wird hieraus durch das erfindungsgemäße Mikrofon unmittelbar ein Bussignal erzeugt, das an einen Datenbus ausgegeben werden kann. Damit ist das Mikrofon unmittelbar als Busknoten eines Datenbusses betreibbar, wenn die Anschlusskontakte der Mikrofonkapsel mit dem Bus verbunden werden.In the microphone according to the invention, a microphone diaphragm is arranged in a known manner in a microphone capsule. The microphone capsule has at least one sound inlet opening, through which an airborne sound can reach the microphone diaphragm from outside the microphone capsule and set it in motion. Furthermore, a driver circuit is arranged in the microphone capsule. Driver circuit is here to be understood as an electronic circuit, by means of which an electrical diaphragm signal is generated in a manner known per se as a function of the movement of the microphone diaphragm. It is important for the understanding of the invention that this is a single signal which describes the movement of the microphone diaphragm and represents the audio signal contained in the sound. There is no summary of multiple electrical signals to a beamforming signal provided. On the microphone capsule accessible from the outside connection contacts are arranged, via which the microphone can emit an electric microphone signal. However, this microphone signal is not directly related to the electrical signal of the driver circuit. Rather, in the microphone according to the invention between the driver circuit and the connection contacts, a further circuit is connected, which is referred to here as an interface circuit. This interface circuit is also disposed in the microphone capsule and adapted to convert the single membrane signal of the driver circuit into a digital bus signal according to a predetermined bus standard. This bus signal is then output as the microphone signal via the terminal contacts. If, therefore, an acoustic sound is detected by means of the microphone diaphragm, then a bus signal is generated directly from the microphone according to the invention, which signal can be output to a data bus. Thus, the microphone is directly operable as a bus node of a data bus when the terminals of the microphone capsule are connected to the bus.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mikrofon weist den Vorteil auf, dass nun ein einzelnes Bauteil bereitsteht, nämlich die Mikrofonkapsel, die unmittelbar an einen Datenbus angeschlossen werden kann und so ein Audiosignal direkt in den Datenbus einspeisen kann.The microphone according to the invention has the advantage that now a single component is ready, namely the microphone capsule, which can be connected directly to a data bus and so can feed an audio signal directly into the data bus.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn man die Schnittstellenschaltung dazu auslegt, das Mikrofonsignal in ein Zeitmultiplexsignal des Datenbusses einzufügen. Dann können mehrere der erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofone entlang einer Busleitung des Datenbusses angeordnet sein und die Mikrofonsignale aller Mikrofone als ein Zeitmultiplexsignal über die selbe Busleitung zu einer zentralen Verarbeitungseinrichtung übertragen werden, beispielsweise einer Head-Unit oder einem Infotainmentsystem. Dies verringert in vorteilhafter Weise den Verdrahtungsaufwand für eine solche Mikrofonanordnung.Another advantage is obtained by interpreting the interface circuit to insert the microphone signal into a time division multiplexed signal of the data bus. Then, several of the microphones according to the invention can be arranged along a bus line of the data bus and the microphone signals of all microphones are transmitted as a time-division multiplex signal via the same bus line to a central processing device, for example a head unit or an infotainment system. This advantageously reduces the wiring complexity for such a microphone arrangement.
Bevorzugt ist die Schnittstellenschaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofons auch dazu ausgelegt, bidirektional über den Datenbus zu kommunizieren und hierbei eine Diagnoseanfrage zu empfangen und zu der Diagnoseanfrage eine Diagnosenachricht in Abhängigkeit von einer Funktionsfähigkeit einer Komponente des Mikrofons zu erzeugen. So kann über den Datenbus vorteilhafterweise eine Selbstprüfung des Mikrofons veranlasst werden, durch welche beispielsweise die Mikrofonmembran, die Treiberschaltung und die Schnittstellenschaltung auf ihre Funktionstüchtigkeit hin überprüft werden können. Dies kann in automatisierter Form beispielsweise bei jedem Start des Kraftfahrzeugs durch ein Steuergerät durchgeführt und bei Erkennen eines Defekts dem Fahrer das Aufsuchen einer Werkstatt empfohlen werden.Preferably, the interface circuit of the microphone according to the invention is also designed to communicate bidirectionally via the data bus and in this case to receive a diagnosis request and to generate a diagnosis message in response to a functional capability of a component of the microphone to the diagnosis request. Thus, over the data bus advantageously a self-examination of the microphone can be initiated, by which, for example, the microphone diaphragm, the driver circuit and the interface circuit can be checked for their functionality. This can be carried out in an automated form, for example, at each start of the motor vehicle by a control unit and the recognition of a defect to the driver to visit a workshop are recommended.
Um den Verdrahtungsaufwand in vorteilhafter Weise noch weiter zu reduzieren, sind bevorzugt als Anschlusskontakte zum Ausgeben des Mikrofonsignals lediglich zwei Ausgabepins vorgesehen. Dann lässt sich das Mikrofon beispielsweise über eine Twisted-pair-Leitung mit einer zentralen Verarbeitungseinrichtung verbinden. Ein Ausgabepin kann z.B. durch einen Draht gebildet sein.In order to further reduce the wiring effort in an advantageous manner, preferably only two output pins are provided as connection contacts for outputting the microphone signal. Then, for example, the microphone can be connected to a central processing device via a twisted-pair line. An output pin may e.g. be formed by a wire.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn zusätzlich zu den Anschlusskontakten zum Ausgeben des Mikrofonsignals noch Eingangskontakte zum Empfangen eines Bussignals eines anderen Mikrofons an der Mikrofonkapsel angeordnet sind. Bei dem anderen Mikrofon handelt sich dabei bevorzugt ebenfalls um eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofons. Über die Eingangskontakte wird dann das Bussignal dieses anderen Mikrofons empfangen. Die Schnittstelleinrichtung muss dann dazu ausgelegt sein, dieses empfangene Bussignal zu den erwähnten Anschlusskontakten für die Ausgabe des eigenen Mikrofonsignals durchzuschleifen. Diese Ausführungsform stellt eine konkrete Variante der oben beschriebenen Möglichkeit dar, mittels einer gemeinsamen Busleitung die Mikrofonsignale mehrerer Mikrofone zu einer zentralen Verarbeitungseinheit gesammelt zu übertragen.A further advantage results if, in addition to the connection contacts for outputting the microphone signal, input contacts for receiving a bus signal of another microphone are also arranged on the microphone capsule. The other microphone is preferably also an embodiment of the microphone according to the invention. The bus signal of this other microphone is then received via the input contacts. The interface device must then be designed to loop through this received bus signal to the mentioned connection contacts for the output of its own microphone signal. This embodiment represents a concrete variant of the possibility described above of using a common bus line to transmit the microphone signals of several microphones to a central processing unit.
Als besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Schnittstellenschaltung dazu ausgelegt ist, das Bussignal gemäß dem A2B-Busstandard zu erzeugen. Dieser Busstandard ermöglicht es, über eine ungeschirmte Twisted-pair-Busleitung ein Zeitmultiplexsignal mit einer ausreichend hohen Bandbreite für die Übertragung mehrerer Mikrofonsignale zu übertragen. Mit anderen Worten können mittels einer A2B-Schnittstellenschaltung alle vorangehend beschriebenen Vorteile zugleich realisiert werden.As a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the interface circuit is designed to generate the bus signal according to the A2B bus standard. This bus standard makes it possible to transmit a time-multiplex signal with a sufficiently high bandwidth for the transmission of several microphone signals via an unshielded twisted-pair bus line. In other words, all the advantages described above can be realized simultaneously by means of an A2B interface circuit.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn die Mikrofonmembran durch ein mikroelektro-mechanisches System, oder kurz MEMS, bereitgestellt ist. Eine andere Bezeichnung für ein solches System ist Silizium-Mikrofon. Es können so die Mikrofonmembran, die Treiberschaltung und die Schnittstellenschaltung auf einer gemeinsamen Leiterplatte angeordnet sein. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein besonders kompakter Aufbau des Mikrofons.A further advantage results when the microphone membrane is provided by a micro-electro-mechanical system, or MEMS for short. Another name for such a system is silicon microphone. It can be arranged on a common circuit board so the microphone diaphragm, the driver circuit and the interface circuit. This results in a particularly compact design of the microphone.
Bevorzugt sind die Treiberschaltung und die Schnittstellenschaltung über die Anschlusskontakte phantomgespeist. Dann kann über die Busleitungen auch eine Versorgung des Mikrofons mit elektrischer Energie erfolgen. Dies führt zu einer weiteren Einsparung von Leitungen.The driver circuit and the interface circuit are preferably phantom-powered via the connection contacts. Then can be done via the bus lines and a supply of the microphone with electrical energy. This leads to a further saving of cables.
Die Treiberschaltung kann eine Verstärkerschaltung und eine dieser nachgeschalteten Wandlerschaltung aufweisen. Hierbei erzeugt die Verstärkerschaltung in Abhängigkeit von der Bewegung der Mikrofonmembran ein elektrisches, analoges Signal und die Wandlerschaltung dann aus dem analogen Signal ein digitales Signal. Bei dem digitalen Signal handelt es sich dabei insbesondere um eines aus den Folgenden: ein I2S-Signal (I2S - Inter-IC-Sound-Interface, IC - Integrated Circuit), ein PDM-Signal oder ein PCM-Signal. Diese Ausführungsform des Mikrofons weist den Vorteil auf, dass die Treiberschaltung einen digitalen Audiostrom erzeugt, der dann innerhalb der Mikrofonkapsel an einen weiteren integrierten Schaltkreis übertragen werden kann, der die Schnittstellenschaltung darstellt, also z.B. einen A2B-Buscontroller. Diese Ausführungsform weist den Vorteil auf, dass Standard-Komponenten für die Realisierung der Treiberschaltung einerseits und der Schnittstellenschaltung andererseits verwendet werden können. Eine andere (nicht gesondert beanspruchte) Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofons sieht vor, die Treiberschaltung und die Schnittstellenschaltung als einen gemeinsamen integrierten Schaltkreis (IC) zu realisieren. Dann genügt ein einziges IC in der Mikrofonkapsel.The driver circuit may comprise an amplifier circuit and a converter circuit connected downstream of the latter. In this case, the amplifier circuit generates an electrical, analog signal as a function of the movement of the microphone diaphragm, and the converter circuit then generates a digital signal from the analog signal. In particular, the digital signal is one of the following: an I2S signal (I2S - Inter IC Sound Interface, IC - Integrated Circuit), a PDM signal or a PCM signal. This embodiment of the microphone has the advantage that the driver circuit generates a digital audio stream, which can then be transmitted within the microphone capsule to another integrated circuit, which represents the interface circuit, eg an A2B bus controller. This embodiment has the advantage that standard components for the realization of the driver circuit on the one hand and the interface circuit on the other hand can be used. Another (not separately claimed) embodiment of the microphone according to the invention provides to realize the driver circuit and the interface circuit as a common integrated circuit (IC). Then a single IC in the microphone capsule is sufficient.
In Bezug auf die Mikrofonkapsel selbst ergibt sich eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform, wenn diese einen Metallbecher umfasst, in welchem zumindest die Mikrofonmembran und die Treiberschaltung angeordnet sind. Bevorzugt ist auch die Schnittstellenschaltung in dem Metallbecher angeordnet. Bei dem Metall handelt es sich in vorteilhafter Weise um Aluminium. Das Vorsehen eines Metallbechers schirmt die Treiberschaltung und die Schnittstellenschaltung gegen störende elektromagnetische Strahlung ab. Aluminium lässt sich aufwandswarm durch Pressen geeignet formen.With regard to the microphone capsule itself, an advantageous embodiment results if it comprises a metal cup in which at least the microphone diaphragm and the driver circuit are arranged. Preferably, the interface circuit is arranged in the metal cup. The metal is advantageously aluminum. The provision of a metal cup shields the driver circuit and the interface circuit against interfering electromagnetic radiation. Aluminum can be formed by means of pressing suitable for heating.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofons sieht vor, dass die Schnittstellenschaltung dazu ausgelegt ist, ein externes Clock-Signal zu empfangen und der Treiberschaltung bereit zu stellen. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Treiberschaltungen mehrerer Mikrofone synchronisiert werden können, obwohl sie in getrennten Mikrofonkapseln und mit getrennten Schnittstellenschaltungen an einen Datenbus angeschlossen sind. Bei dem Clock-Signal kann es sich um einen Bustakt des Datenbusses handeln. Dann kann auf einen zusätzlichen Taktgeber verzichtet werden.A further embodiment of the microphone according to the invention provides that the interface circuit is adapted to receive an external clock signal and to provide the driver circuit. This has the advantage that the driver circuits of several microphones can be synchronized, although they are connected in separate microphone capsules and with separate interface circuits to a data bus. The clock signal can be a bus clock of the data bus. Then you can do without an additional clock.
Wie bereits ausgeführt, gehört zu der Erfindung auch ein Kraftfahrzeug. Bei diesem handelt es sich bevorzugt um einen Personenkraftwagen. Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeug weist eine Mikrofonanordnung aus mehreren Mikrofonen auf, die jeweils eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofons darstellen. Alle Mikrofone sind über eine gemeinsame Busleitung mit einer zentralen Empfangseinheit verbunden. Die Mikrofone erzeugen jeweils ein Bussignal zu einem entsprechenden lokal erfassten Schall und kombinieren ihre Bussignale auf der Busleitung zu einem Zeitmultiplexsignal, das von der zentralen Empfangseinheit empfangen werden kann. Das Infotainmentsystem kann dann ein Mikrofonsignal als Audio-Eingangssignal empfangen und weiterverarbeiten.As already stated, the invention also includes a motor vehicle. This is preferably a passenger car. The motor vehicle according to the invention has a microphone arrangement comprising a plurality of microphones, each of which represents an embodiment of the microphone according to the invention. All microphones are connected via a common bus line to a central receiving unit. The microphones each generate a bus signal to a corresponding locally detected sound and combine their bus signals on the bus line to a time-division multiplex signal that can be received by the central receiving unit. The infotainment system can then receive and process a microphone signal as an audio input signal.
Das erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeug weist den Vorteil auf, dass mehrere einzelne Mikrofone in einem Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum verteilt sein können, beispielsweise in einem Dachhimmel, und hierbei für jedes der Mikrofone nur wenig Bauraum zur Verfügung gestellt werden muss. Auch die Busleitung kann sehr einfach, insbesondere mit einem geringen Durchmesser, ausgestaltet sein, da alle Mikrofone die Busleitung gemeinsam nutzen. Die Mikrofonanordnung ist damit auch gut skalierbar, denn zum Bereitstellen eines weiteren Mikrofons muss keine vollständige Leitung von den zusätzlichen Mikrofonen hin zur Empfangseinheit verlegt sein.The vehicle according to the invention has the advantage that a plurality of individual microphones can be distributed in a motor vehicle interior, for example in a headliner, and in this case only a small amount of installation space has to be made available for each of the microphones. The bus line can also be designed very simply, in particular with a small diameter, since all microphones share the bus line. The microphone array is therefore also well scalable, because to provide another microphone, no complete line from the additional microphones to the receiving unit must be laid.
Von der Empfangseinheit aus kann dann dasjenige der Mikrofonsignale mit der besten Audioqualität an ein Infotainmentsystem weitergeleitet werden. In diesem Sinne ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Kraftfahrzeugs dahingehend ausgestaltet, dass die Empfangseinheit eine Auswählschaltung bildet. Hierzu ist die Empfangseinheit dazu ausgelegt, aus den Bussignalen aller Mikrofone das jeweilige Mikrofonsignal zu extrahieren (also die einzelnen über den Datenbus empfangenen Datenpakete wieder zusammenzusetzen) und zu jedem extrahierten Mikrofonsignal einen Wert für eine Qualitätsmaß zu ermitteln. Es wird dann dasjenige extrahierte Mikrofonsignal mit dem größten Wert des Qualitätsmaßes als das eigentliche Audio-Eingangssignal an das Infotainmentsystem weitergeleitet. Hierdurch ist in vorteilhafter Weise sichergestellt, dass dem Infotainmentsystem stets dasjenige Mikrofonsignal bereitgestellt wird, welches die beste Audioqualität aufweist. Als das Qualitätsmaß kann beispielsweise ein Signal-zu-RauschVerhältnis geschätzt werden. Schätzalgorithmen hierfür sind an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise kann über eine Langzeitmittelung des jeweiligen Mikrofonsignals ein Ruhepegel ermittelt werden und dann bei einer Pegelveränderung im Mikrofonsignal ein Verhältnis des aktuellen Pegels zu dem Ruhepegel berechnet werden. Es besteht natürlich auch der einzelne Zugriff auf jedes Mikrofonsignal, so dass auch eine Kombination aus mehreren der Mikrofonsignale gebildet werden kann, z.B. ein Beamforming-Signal.From the receiving unit then that of the microphone signals with the best audio quality can be forwarded to an infotainment system. In this sense, a preferred embodiment of the motor vehicle is designed such that the receiving unit forms a selection circuit. For this purpose, the receiving unit is designed to extract the respective microphone signal from the bus signals of all the microphones (ie to reassemble the individual data packets received via the data bus) and to determine a value for a quality measure for each extracted microphone signal. It is then that extracted microphone signal with the largest value of the quality measure as the actual audio input signal forwarded to the infotainment system. As a result, it is advantageously ensured that the infotainment system always has that microphone signal which has the best audio quality. As the quality measure, for example, a signal-to-noise ratio can be estimated. Estimation algorithms for this are known per se from the prior art. For example, a resting level can be determined via long-term averaging of the respective microphone signal, and then a ratio of the current level to the resting level can be calculated when the level of the microphone signal changes. Of course, there is also single access to each microphone signal, so that a combination of several of the microphone signals can also be formed, e.g. a beamforming signal.
Innerhalb des Infotainmentsystems kann vorgesehen sein, das Audio-Eingangssignal an ein Telefoniemodul des Infotainmentsystems und/oder ein Spracherkennungsmodul des Infotainmentsystems weiterzuleiten. Diese funktionieren dann besonders zuverlässig mit dem Audio-Eingangssignal mit der hohen Audioqualität.Within the infotainment system it can be provided to forward the audio input signal to a telephony module of the infotainment system and / or a voice recognition module of the infotainment system. These then work very reliably with the audio input signal with the high audio quality.
Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung noch einmal anhand von konkreten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert. Hierzu zeigt:
-
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs, -
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Mikrofons, wie es in dem Kraftfahrzeug vonFig. 1 eingebaut sein kann, und -
Fig. 3 ein Blockschaltbild einer Schnittstellenschaltung, wie sie in dem Mikrofon vonFig. 2 eingebaut sein kann.
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Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the motor vehicle according to the invention, -
Fig. 2 a schematic representation of an embodiment of the microphone according to the invention, as in the motor vehicle ofFig. 1 can be installed, and -
Fig. 3 a block diagram of an interface circuit, as in the microphone ofFig. 2 can be installed.
Die Beispiele stellen die bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dar.The examples represent the preferred embodiment of the invention.
In
Die Mikrofone 18 sind verhältnismäßig klein und können daher problemlos in den Dachhimmel integriert sein. Die Mikrofone 18 erzeugen digitale Ausgabesignale, die über eine gemeinsame, einzelne Busleitung 28 die Mikrofone 18, 20 mit einer Empfangseinheit 30 der Head-Unit 16 verbindet. Bei der Busleitung 28 kann es sich beispielsweise um eine ungeschirmte Twisted-pair-Leitung handeln. Bei der Empfangseinheit 30 kann es sich beispielsweise um eine A2B-Empfangsschaltung handeln, wie sie im Handel erhältlich ist.The
Über die Busleitung 28 können die Mikrofone 18, 20 jeweils ein digitales Mikrofonsignal als Bussignal in einem Zeitmultiplex-Verfahren in jeweils zugeordneten Zeitschlitzen abschnittsweise an die Empfangseinheit 30 übertragen. Die Mikrofone 18 weisen hierzu eine eigene Schnittstellenschaltung auf, welche das Einfügen des jeweiligen eigenen digitalen Mikrofonsignals in das Zeitmultiplex-Signal ermöglicht. Bei den Mikrofonen 20 ist dagegen eine externe Schnittstellenschaltung nötig, da hier die Mikrofonsignale mehrerer Mikrofonkapseln miteinander kombiniert werden müssen, bevor sie übertragen werden können. Dies macht das Mikrofon 20 verhältnismäßig groß.Via the
Im Folgenden ist der Aufbau der einzelnen Mikrofone 18 genauer anhand von
Die Treiberschaltung 38 überträgt das digitale Signal, welches das Schallsignal repräsentiert, an eine Schnittstellenschaltung 40, welche die Treiberschaltung 38 mit Anschlüssen 42 des Mikrofons 18 koppelt, über welche das Mikrofon 18 mit demjenigen Abschnitt der Busleitung 28 elektrisch verbunden ist, welcher zu der Empfangseinheit 30 führt. Zusätzliche Anschlüsse 44 des Mikrofons 18 sind mit demjenigen Abschnitt der Busleitung 28 elektrisch verbunden, die zu weiteren Mikrofonen 18 führt. Die Anschlusskontakte 42, 44 können beispielsweise Pins sein, die aus Drähten gebildet sind. Zur besseren Anschaulichkeit sind Drähte 28', 28" der Busleitung 28 gezeigt.The
Die Schnittstellenschaltung 40 kann eine Platine oder Leiterplatte 46 aufweisen, auf welcher ein Kommunikationsmodul 48 für die Übertragung von Daten zu der Empfangseinheit 30 und ein Kommunikationsmodul 50 für den Empfang von Daten über die Anschlüsse 44 angeordnet sein können. Ein Durchmesser D der hier kreisförmigen Leiterplatte 46 kann beispielsweise 15 mm betragen. Eine Höhe H, welche sich aus der Dicke der Leiterplatte 16, 46 und der Höhe der darauf angeordneten Module 48, 50, 52 zusammensetzt, kann beispielsweise 4 bis 5 mm betragen. Die aufgesetzten Komponenten 48, 50, 52 können beispielsweise eine Höhe von bis zu 3 mm aufweisen. In
Die Kommunikationsmodule 48, 50 können über einen Bustreiber 52 gekoppelt sein. Auch die Treiberschaltung 38 kann mit dem Bustreiber 52 gekoppelt sein. Bei dem Bustreiber 52 kann es sich beispielsweise um ein A2B-Modul handeln.The
Eine beispielhafte Anordnung der Kommunikationsmodule 48, 50 und des Bustreibers 52 ist in
Der Bustreiber 52 kann zusätzlich Daten der Treiberschaltung 38 in den Datenstrom einfügen. Beispielsweise kann hier ein Zeitmultiplex-Verfahren zugrunde gelegt werden. Insbesondere eignet sich der Busstandard A2B, um in der gezeigten Kaskadenschaltung (Daisy-Chain) der Mikrofone 18 und des Mikrofons 20 die digitalisierten Audiodaten aller Mikrofone mit einer ausreichend hohen Abtastrate (beispielsweise 8 kHz oder 16 kHz) zu der Empfangseinheit 30 zu übertragen. In der Empfangseinheit 30 kann dann aus denjenigen Signalen der Mikrofone 18, 20, welches einem vorbestimmten Qualitätskriterium genügt, das also beispielsweise das lauteste Signal ist oder den höchsten Wert für das SNR (Signal-to-noise-ratio) aufweist, an beispielsweise das Telefoniemodul oder Spracherkennungsmodul des Infotainmentsystems 16 weiterleiten.The
Durch das Beispiel ist gezeigt, wie eine komplette Integration einer Bus-Schnittstelle direkt in die Kapsel eines Mikrofons realisiert werden kann. Über die Schnittstelle ist die Mikrofonkapsel an einen Fahrzeugbus angebunden, insbesondere an einen A2B-Bus. Dies bietet mehr Flexibilität bei der Anordnung und Verkabelung der Mikrofone im Fahrzeug.The example shows how a complete integration of a bus interface directly into the capsule of a microphone can be realized. The microphone capsule is connected to a vehicle bus via the interface, in particular to an A2B bus. This provides more flexibility in the placement and cabling of the microphones in the vehicle.
Claims (12)
- Microphone (18) for detecting sound in a motor vehicle (10), the microphone comprising- a microphone capsule (32) comprising at least one sound inlet opening (34),- a microphone diaphragm (38) disposed in the microphone capsule (32),- a driver circuit (38) disposed in the microphone capsule (32), the driver circuit generating in response to a movement of the microphone diaphragm a single electrical diaphragm signal, the diaphragm signal representing an audio signal contained in the sound, wherein the microphone capsule (32) comprises a metal cup containing the microphone diaphragm and the driver circuit (38),- connection contacts (42) arranged to be accessible from outside the microphone capsule (32) and connected to the microphone capsule (32) for supplying an electrical microphone signal,characterized by
an interface circuit (40) arranged in the microphone capsule (32) and configured to convert the single diaphragm signal of the driver circuit (38) to a digital bus signal according to a predetermined bus standard and, via the connection contacts (42), to output the bus signal as the microphone signal to a data bus (28), wherein the interface circuit (40) is arranged in the metal cup, such that the microphone capsule provides a single component configured to be directly connected to a data bus and to directly feed the audio signal into the data bus. - Microphone (18) according to claim 1, wherein the interface circuit (40) is configured to generate the bus signal by inserting the microphone signal into a time-division-multiplex signal of the data bus (28).
- Microphone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the interface circuit (40) is configured for bi-directional communication over the data bus (28) by receiving a diagnostic query and generating a diagnostic message dependent on the functionality of a component of the microphone (18).
- Microphone according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the connection contacts (42) comprise two output pins (42) for outputting the microphone signal.
- Microphone according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the microphone capsule (32) comprises, in addition to the connection contacts (42) for supplying the microphone signal, input contacts (44) for receiving a bus signal of another microphone according to claim 1, and wherein the interface circuit (40) is configured to loop the received bus signal through to the connection contacts (42).
- Microphone according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the interface circuit (40) is configured to generate the bus signal in accordance with the A2B bus standard.
- Microphone (18) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the microphone diaphragm is provided by a MEMS.
- Microphone (18) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the driver circuit (38) and the interface circuit (40) are phantom-powered via the connection contacts (42).
- Microphone (18) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the driver circuit (38) comprises an amplifier circuit and a converter circuit arranged downstream of the amplifier circuit, wherein the amplifier circuit is configured to generate in response to the movement of the microphone diaphragm an electrical analog signal, and the converter circuit is configured to generate from the analog signal an I2S signal or a PDM signal or a PCM signal.
- Microphone (18) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the interface circuit (40) is configured to receive an external clock signal and to provide the external clock signal to the driver circuit (38).
- Motor vehicle (10) having a microphone arrangement composed of a plurality of microphones (18) configured according to any of the preceding claims, each microphone (18) being connected to a central receiving unit (30) via a shared data bus (28) and configured to transmit their respective bus signals via the data bus (28) as a time-division-multiplexed signal to the receiving unit (30), wherein the receiving unit (30) is coupled to an infotainment system (16) configured for processing an audio input signal, wherein the receiving unit (30) is configured to extract from all received bus signals the respective microphone signal and to determine for each extracted microphone signal a value for a quality measure, and to forward the extracted microphone signal having the greatest value to the infotainment system (16) as the audio input signal.
- Motor vehicle (10) according to claim 11, wherein the infotainment system (16) comprises a telephony module and/or a voice recognition module coupled to the receiving unit for receiving the audio input signal.
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PCT/EP2014/000161 WO2014114451A1 (en) | 2013-01-26 | 2014-01-22 | Motor vehicle and microphone for a microphone arrangement in the motor vehicle |
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US20150365754A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
EP2949131A1 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
WO2014114451A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
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