EP2947773A1 - Unité de détection pouvant être insérée - Google Patents

Unité de détection pouvant être insérée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2947773A1
EP2947773A1 EP15168969.2A EP15168969A EP2947773A1 EP 2947773 A1 EP2947773 A1 EP 2947773A1 EP 15168969 A EP15168969 A EP 15168969A EP 2947773 A1 EP2947773 A1 EP 2947773A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier element
wire
sensor unit
electrically conductive
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15168969.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2947773B1 (fr
Inventor
Berthold Sieg
Mario Muzzetto
Iko Lindic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huf Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP19185445.4A priority Critical patent/EP3584934A1/fr
Publication of EP2947773A1 publication Critical patent/EP2947773A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2947773B1 publication Critical patent/EP2947773B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945—Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
    • H03K2217/96077—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches comprising an electrode which is floating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
    • H03K2217/96078—Sensor being a wire or a strip, e.g. used in automobile door handles or bumpers

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a sensor unit for contactless actuation of an actuating element, in particular a flap of a motor vehicle or the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the sensor unit is equipped with at least one capacitive sensor element, wherein the sensor element has a wire which is arranged on the carrier element.
  • the present invention is also directed to a safety system for (in particular) non-contact opening and / or closing of a flap of a vehicle or the like according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a sensor unit for contactless actuation of an actuating element, in particular a flap of a vehicle or the like, according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • a sensor unit for the actuation of the tailgate in a vehicle known, which has two separate capacitive proximity sensors to detect the movement of a leg, in particular the movement, metrologically.
  • This sensor unit is in contact with a security system of the vehicle, so that by the sensor unit also an authentication of an ID transmitter can be initiated by a user.
  • the sensors known from the prior art for such sensor units thus have a certain width and length in order to achieve an optimum measuring range.
  • generally flat, electrically conductive tapes or films are used as sensors.
  • these sensors since these are located in a critical area in a vehicle, in particular on the inside of the bumper, which is exposed to heavy dirt, stone chipping, water jets and the like, these sensors must be protected against the external influences. In practice, it has been shown that unfortunately not sufficiently protected sensors have been damaged by splashing water and falling rocks, which means that the sensors are disabled.
  • a sensor unit having the features of the independent claim 1, in particular from the characterizing part.
  • the object is also achieved by a safety system, in particular a (passive or active) keyless entry system for vehicles, having the features of independent claim 15.
  • a method for producing a sensor unit with the features of claim 16, in particular from the characterizing part proposed.
  • the dependent device and method claims preferred developments of the invention are listed.
  • Features which are disclosed for the sensor unit according to the invention and / or for the security system according to the invention also apply to the production method according to the invention and vice versa.
  • the inventive sensor unit can be produced by the method according to the invention from claim 16.
  • the sensor unit according to the invention for non-contact actuation of an actuating element, in particular a flap or the like of a vehicle has at least one capacitive sensor element, wherein the sensor element in turn has a wire which is arranged on a carrier element.
  • the carrier element has at least partially plastic.
  • plastic as a component of the carrier element on the one hand can be achieved that the carrier element is operational at critical points in the vehicle, even if it is directly exposed to the weather and / or the spray of the tires or the like.
  • plastic has the advantage that it is particularly resistant to external environmental influences such. As water, UV irradiation, Heat and the like is.
  • plastic as part of the support member has the advantage that it can be more or less designed in any shape, so that the support member can be configured accordingly to be attached to a vehicle can.
  • the wire it is conceivable within the scope of the invention for the wire to be arranged at least partially on a carrier element.
  • the support element does not need to fully support the wire, but the wire is also provided in places without support of the support member.
  • the carrier element it is conceivable for the carrier element to fix the wire exclusively in sections, wherein in particular the individual sections of the carrier element are provided separately from one another. This means that the individual sections of the carrier element have no material connection to the respectively adjacent section of the carrier element.
  • the sections of the carrier element can be present both in a longitudinal direction of the carrier element and in a transverse direction of the carrier element.
  • the individual sections of the support element are equipped with a connecting element in order to connect them positively and / or non-positively, if this is desired, thus z. B. to double the length or the width of the portions of the support member by the established connection of the respective sections.
  • the connecting elements can be z. B. the individual sections of the support member, such as, in two puzzle pieces, hold together.
  • a dovetail-shaped connecting element can be provided, as it were, which cooperates with a dovetail-shaped recess in the adjacent section of the carrier element.
  • individual sections of the carrier element 14 have different holding means and / or fastening means in order to arrange the wire and / or the sensor element on the vehicle (corresponding holding means and fastening means will be described in more detail below).
  • the holding means serve to attach a portion of the support member to the vehicle and the fastening means serve to attach the wire to the support member.
  • the sectional configuration of the carrier element increases the usability of the sensor unit according to the invention, since the sensor unit is particularly simple in the desired geometric configuration of the respective vehicle type or vehicle equipment (eg with trailer hitch or without trailer hitch and with distance monitoring system or without monitoring system etc.) can be adjusted. Usually, the corresponding wire is easily bendable and can thus be guided along the desired contour on the vehicle, in particular on the bumper or the like. In order to achieve attachment to the vehicle, the individual sections of the support element can each be secured to the desired location on the vehicle, in particular on the bumper. Thus, the sensor unit can be adapted not only in its longitudinal direction, but in all three directions in a simple manner the respective mounting situation or deployment situation.
  • B. has a portion of the support member via an adhesive holding means and another portion of the support member has a latch-like holding means to achieve a fixation with the vehicle.
  • the carrier element substantially encloses and receives the wire.
  • the wire is more or less completely protected by the carrier element. Consequently, the wire is not directly exposed to the weather, since the support element shields them accordingly.
  • the fastening means already mentioned can serve to envelop the wire in the carrier element.
  • At least one fastening means has a slot through which the wire can be inserted into the carrier element.
  • the slot of the fastening means can be closed by the retaining means, in particular in the form of a one- or two-sided adhesive strip or adhesive tape.
  • the wire is completely embedded within the carrier element and can not be removed from the carrier element, since just the slot through which the wire is removable from the carrier element, by the adhesive strip or the adhesive tape is closed.
  • this measure has the advantage that no water can penetrate through the slot-shaped fastening means, whereby the measurement result of the capacitive sensor element can possibly be strongly distorted.
  • the carrier element has at least one capacitive coupling element.
  • the capacitive coupling element from the carrier as an electrically conductive core, in particular in the form of a cable, is configured.
  • the electrically conductive core can be provided parallel to the course of the wire on or in the carrier element. If a cable is used as the electrically conductive core of the carrier element, this cable can run parallel to the wire on or in the carrier element. In this case, a plurality of cable strands, which need not be electrically connected to each other, but may be provided.
  • the carrier element forms the capacitive coupling element itself, wherein in particular the carrier element is designed as an electrically conductive core. Consequently, the entire support element is designed as an electrically conductive core. This feature will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the carrier element has at least one electrically conductive core.
  • This electrically conductive core serves to improve the metrological properties of the capacitive sensor element and possibly to expand the measuring range of the sensor element.
  • the electrically conductive core is capacitively coupled to the wire from the carrier element.
  • the wire and the electrically conductive core together form the capacitive sensor element, whereby a required width of the sensor element can be achieved.
  • the Sensor unit according to the invention can be produced inexpensively, since an automated production of the sensor unit according to the invention with the capacitive sensor elements is possible.
  • the existing capacitive sensor elements are particularly well protected against external mechanical influences, so that a permanent operation of the sensor unit, especially in a harsh measurement environment such. B. in the humid outdoor area of a vehicle, is ensured.
  • the respective capacitive sensor element Due to the capacitive coupling of the wire to the electrically conductive core, the respective capacitive sensor element also has excellent measuring properties, which have been found in experiments to be very advantageous.
  • the wire can be arranged protected against external influences on the carrier element.
  • the carrier element serves as a kind of housing for the wire. It is also conceivable that the wire can be arranged with the carrier element in a further housing or a shell, so that this unit safely protected against external influences, such. As moisture, salt or the like is.
  • the sensor unit according to the invention can have at least two or more capacitive sensor elements, which are ideally connected to one another via a common plug. It is also conceivable that a separate plug is used for each sensor element. Usually, the individual side by side or offset in height are arranged on the vehicle, thus a movement of a user, for. B. to recognize by an indicated kick or a passing.
  • the sensor unit according to the invention is electrically connected for this purpose with a control device via the existing connector. Ideally, the wire from the individual sensor elements runs directly into the plug, so that connection points or transition pieces can be dispensed with. This can also reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the sensor unit preferably has a data bus interface, for. B. in the form of the CAN or LIN bus.
  • the sensor unit according to the invention can be integrated in the entire vehicle electronics in a simple manner.
  • the wire it is conceivable for the wire to run essentially parallel to a longitudinal direction of the carrier element. As a result, a winding of the wire in order to achieve a certain width of the measuring range can be dispensed with on the carrier element.
  • the wire extends substantially linearly on the carrier element and a particularly short wire can thus be used, which can also be attached to the carrier element in a particularly simple and secure manner.
  • the wire is arranged endlessly on the carrier element, in particular both ends of the wire at one end of the support element, in particular protruding, are provided.
  • endless is understood to mean that the wire does not end simply on or in the carrier element, but that only one loop or center piece of the wire is completely arranged on the carrier element and the two ends of the wire are ideally connected to the mentioned plug.
  • the endless arrangement also has the advantage that no additional electrically conductive contact points are provided on the carrier element, which always represent a weak point, since they must be protected from corrosion and mechanical stresses necessarily.
  • a continuous wire thus has the significant advantage that he just does not have such vulnerabilities.
  • At least the electrically conductive core of the carrier element or the wire on the support element on a (electrical) volume resistivity which is inter alia material dependent and a) aluminum less than 10 4 ⁇ * cm and b) magnesium less than 10 6 ⁇ * cm (according to DIN IEC 60 093 after 48 h of storage in the standard climate DIN 50 014-23 / 50-2) in order to avoid corrosion on electrically conductive points.
  • the wire it is also possible within the scope of the invention for the wire to be arranged substantially in one plane on the carrier element. In this case, it has proved to be advantageous if the imaginary plane of the wire is arranged as close as possible and / or parallel to the electrically conductive core, which overall improves the capacitive performance of the sensor element.
  • an insulation between the wire and the electrically conductive core has a high permittivity or dielectric constant.
  • a piece of the wire which is arranged directly on the carrier element, has a length which is substantially twice as long as a length of the carrier element.
  • the wire is guided at one end of the support member and also back. It is advantageous if the wire over the entire length of the support member is guided along and takes place at the opposite end a turn by about 180 ° to return from the other end, the second end, back to the first end.
  • the wire is arranged in particular U-shaped on the carrier element, wherein the deflection of the wire at the second end and outside, d. H. can not take place directly on the support element.
  • the electrically conductive core can be designed over a large area.
  • This electrically conductive core can be arranged completely in the carrier element or else only on the carrier element.
  • the capacitive coupling of the wire to the electrically conductive core is important.
  • the electrically conductive core completely forms the carrier element.
  • the electrically conductive core itself represents the carrier element.
  • the carrier element is wrapped or encapsulated with a protective sheath, which represents in particular an electrical insulation.
  • the carrier element may consist entirely of the electrically conductive core.
  • a carrier element which itself consists of non-conductive material, and having an electrically conductive core, be coated or enveloped.
  • the electrically conductive core is made flat. It is even conceivable that the electrically conductive core is designed like a foil. Appropriately, it has been found that the core has a thickness of less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm and particularly preferably less than 0.5 mm. In this case, the decreasing thickness of the electrically conductive core also has the advantage that the entire sensor element is more flexible, since a mechanical deformation of the electrically conductive core is facilitated with decreasing thickness.
  • the electrically conductive core may extend essentially over the entire length and / or width of the carrier element.
  • the core does not necessarily have to be arranged completely in the carrier element, but can also terminate at the first or second end of the carrier element with the carrier element.
  • the core extends over the entire length and / or entire width of the carrier element, a particularly long and / or wide measuring range of the sensor unit according to the invention can also be achieved.
  • the production of the carrier element is thus also simpler, since virtually the carrier element can be produced as continuous material or by the meter, in particular in the (plastic) continuous casting process, by embedding a very long, electrically conductive core.
  • the sensor unit according to the invention then only the strand of the support member must be cut to its desired length, in which case only the electrically conductive wire is attached, which advantageously takes place by clipping.
  • the electrically conductive core and / or the carrier element have corresponding separation points and / or predetermined breaking points or joints.
  • this can be done in particular as a piece goods produced carrier element with the electrically conductive core by simply separating (eg cutting, sawing or twisting or tearing) to the desired length.
  • the electrically conductive core may have the already mentioned separation points and / or predetermined breaking points.
  • the already mentioned joints may be present for this purpose.
  • the separation and / or predetermined breaking points of the core are geometrically consistent with the joints of the support element.
  • the electrically conductive wire is endlessly guided on the carrier, it can be provided in advance with the plug, so that the entire production of the sensor unit according to the invention is particularly simple, essentially automated and can be carried out in a few manufacturing steps.
  • individually variable sensor units can be produced, since, as already mentioned, only the carrier element has to be shortened to the appropriate length and then the correspondingly long wire is arranged thereon. Further individual manufacturing criteria are therefore not required. For a desired mass production is possible.
  • a projection is arranged on the carrier element, which is arranged in particular in the region of a parting line of the carrier element and / or a separation point or predetermined breaking point of the core.
  • the aforementioned hump represents a material accumulation / accumulation of the support member, with which a shortened support member can be closed at a separation point.
  • the hump can be used, which cohesively closes the separating point from the carrier element by heating in order to optimally protect the electrically conductive core against corrosion.
  • the aforementioned hump serves to materially close the separation point and in particular an existing recess in the separated carrier element.
  • the humps are arranged in the region of the joints of the support element or in the region of the separation points or predetermined breaking points of the core.
  • the electrically conductive core of the carrier element or the carrier element itself is substantially surrounded by a particular planar protective cover, which is also sometimes referred to as a base plate.
  • This protective cover can at the same time have the electrical insulation, which is why it can be conveniently made of plastic. If the protective cover represents an electrical insulation, it is thus ensured that the wire is arranged galvanically separated from the core of the carrier element.
  • the wire is provided with electrical insulation at least in the region of the carrier element.
  • standard wire can be used for the wire, which are inexpensive and available in bulk.
  • a wire can be used according to the standard: FLRY or FLY.
  • This wire may be a single-core cable, which may in particular have a plurality of copper strands.
  • An ideal cross section of the wire is about 1 mm, but also thinner or thicker cross sections are conceivable. With the thinner wires, however, there is the risk that their mechanical strength is relatively low and thus damage may occur when attaching the wire to the support element.
  • the thicker wires cause a cost disadvantage, as significantly more copper is consumed. Thus, essentially only the costs increase due to the increased copper consumption, but not the technical performance of the sensor element.
  • the wire is provided with a continuous insulation layer, which is carried to the plug of the sensor unit.
  • the sensor elements used per sensor unit may preferably be configured identical or identical. As a result, the production costs can be further reduced, since the number of pieces per sensor element increase significantly. However, it is also conceivable that two or more sensor elements not identical in construction form a sensor unit. So z.
  • the length of the sensor element which is essentially predetermined by the length of the carrier element, vary.
  • the width of the respective sensor element of a sensor unit can be designed differently. Although this does not reduce the manufacturing costs, an improved operational capability of the corresponding sensor unit on the vehicle can be achieved.
  • At least one capacitive sensor element of the sensor unit can have a shielding in certain areas.
  • the measuring range of the sensor element can be selectively influenced to z. B. disturbances that are otherwise detected by the sensor and actually lie outside the desired measurement range hide.
  • the region of the wire between the plug and the carrier element can be provided with a shield.
  • the shield can also be just a wire or a metal foil or a flat band, which has a different electrical potential than the electrical (measuring) wire of the capacitive sensor element, preferably, the shield is "grounded" or with provided the zero potential.
  • the electrically conductive core is comb-like, in particular double comb-like design.
  • comb-like is understood to mean that individual prongs, in particular perpendicular, exit from a central web, the prongs being arranged parallel to one another on the central web.
  • double comb-like is understood that the tines are arranged on both sides of the central web.
  • all tines are arranged at the same height of the central web, so that there is no offset of the tines arranged on both sides to one another.
  • further material costs can be saved by this comb-like design, since just between individual tines of the comb-like core gaps arise that are free of material.
  • the electrically conductive core comprises stainless steel, copper, brass and / or conductive polymers.
  • the aforementioned materials have the advantage that on the one hand they are electrically conductive and on the other hand they are insensitive to corrosion. If the carrier element is produced by the meter, thus protrude the ends of the electric conductive core unprotected from the support element.
  • the term meterware is to be understood in the context of the invention long rod-shaped material (several meters long), from which then the desired lengths for the support element are produced by cutting.
  • Stainless steel has the advantage that it is significantly less expensive than brass or copper. Copper and brass have very good electrical conductivity, which improves the measuring capability of the sensor element.
  • the electrically conductive core also has a conductive polymer, so that the entire carrier element can be made highly flexible. All materials mentioned above can be flat and comb-like or double comb-like configured as an electrically conductive core.
  • Such electrically conductive polymers are characterized by intrinsic electrical conductivity. Thus, such polymers have an extended ⁇ -electron system. Only with a doping of the polymers, there is a significant increase in electrical conductivity. With strong oxidizing or reducing agents delocalized ionic centers are formed in the polymer, to which the respective dopant forms counterions. It is also possible with certain polymers, in particular elastomers, thermoplastic elastomers or thermoplastics, to achieve conductivity by admixing metal powders, carbon blacks or graphite. Especially with rubbery, electrically conductive polymers, the use of the sensor unit according to the invention can be improved in that an extreme flexibility of the sensor element is achieved. As a result, the outer contour of the carrier element can be changed, so that the Carrier element z. B. has a circular or rectangular cross section and the wire is arranged therein.
  • fastening means in particular in the form of clamps, are arranged on the carrier element, by which means the wire can be fixed and / or fastened to the carrier.
  • such attachment can take place by a positive connection in the z. B. the wire is clipped or verkakbar by the provided fasteners.
  • the protective cover or base plate of the carrier element already mentioned is configured in one piece and / or with the same material as the fastening means.
  • the electrically conductive core is enveloped by a plastic injection molded part, on which the fastening means are formed directly.
  • such a carrier element can be produced as a strand injection-molded material in the form of piece goods.
  • the shortened carrier element can then be provided with the required wire via the existing fastening means, so that the carrier element with the electrically conductive core and the wire form the essential components of the capacitive sensor element.
  • the fastening means the wire is arranged completely or partially enveloped on the support element.
  • the aforementioned fastening means may be arranged individually or in sections on the carrier element. It is also conceivable that the fastening means are arranged continuously over the length of the support member to this. Thus, the wire from one end to the other end of the support member may be continuously protected over the attachment means on the support member. Only at the end of the support element, the wire is deflected and returned via a second fastening means, which in turn is arranged continuously from beginning to end on the carrier element, returned protected. Thus, the two continuous fastening means are arranged in particular parallel to one another on the carrier element.
  • the two parallel fastening means are preferably arranged as far as possible on the outside (seen over the width of the carrier element) on the carrier element, whereby the measuring range can be broadened.
  • the fastener itself is designed substantially hook-shaped, wherein a web or neck protrudes from a flat surface of the protective cover or base plate of the support element, then to the the hook of the fastener or a mushroom-headed head connects.
  • This hook or mushroom-like head is reshaped in such a way that it holds the wire in particular in a form-fitting manner on the carrier element. Due to the flexibility of the fastening means, the wire can thus be firmly clipped to the carrier element by the fastening means.
  • a gap between the end of the hook or mushroom-like head of the fastening means to the carrier element can be made narrower than the maximum thickness of the wire.
  • the gap is quasi non-existent, so that the fastening means with its open hook again touches the already mentioned base plate or planar protective cover of the support member, but is not connected thereto.
  • the existing gap between the open end of the fastening means and the base plate of the carrier element can be arranged outwardly or inwardly, as seen across the width of the carrier element. If the hook-shaped fastening means is open to the outside, the installation of the wire is particularly simple.
  • the wire is ideally protected on the support member.
  • locking tabs are additionally arranged on the fastening means, which ensures that the wire after mounting on the support element can not get out of the fastener.
  • the opening of the hook-shaped fastening means is materially closed after assembly of the wire. This can be z. B. by a potting compound or silicone or welding. This ensures that the wire is completely protected by the fastener wrapped on the support element is arranged.
  • a cap may be provided which is inserted over one end of the support member and possibly safely arranges the wire underneath.
  • This cap can z. B. clipped to the corresponding end of the support member, glued or welded.
  • the cap can also serve to guide the wire, in particular if the cap does not close the end of the support element, in which the wire is deflected.
  • a strain relief for the wire may be provided on the cap to the wire with its two ends mechanically to the cap or the support member to fix.
  • the cap can also protect a severed end from the carrier element, in particular the electrically conductive core from the carrier element, from environmental influences and corrosion phenomena.
  • the cap can also be used for fastening the sensor element to the vehicle, in that the cap has corresponding fastening means.
  • the entire support element with the arranged wire again z. B. is enveloped by a tube or disposed in a housing, can be dispensed with this additional cap.
  • the attachment means on the support member serve to guide and support the wire on the support member.
  • the fastening element may have a neck and a mushroom-like end, so as to be hook-shaped. It is also advantageous if the wire is longitudinally displaceable within the guide by the fastening means on the carrier element. In this way, the flexibility of the entire sensor element can be further improved, with mechanical tensile and / or compressive stresses in the wire are avoided.
  • the carrier element can be adapted in a simple way, for example, to the various inner contours of a bumper in a vehicle.
  • the support member is adapted to the respective shape of the bumper or the door sill or the like during assembly.
  • the sensor element can be guided over corners and edges on the vehicle, whereby z. B. also the measuring range of the sensor element can be bent by 90 °, if z. B. should take a measurement of the rear side area to the rear of the vehicle.
  • the carrier element itself can be constructed of a flexible base material.
  • the carrier element may for this purpose have a base plate, from which in particular the fastening means for fixing the wire protrude.
  • At least one cover element is provided on the carrier element, whereby the carrier element with the wire is partially coverable.
  • the lid member completely cover the carrier element, so that the wire is securely disposed under the lid member and is protected from direct mechanical effects.
  • this cover element can be materially connected or connected by a hinge or the like to the carrier element, in particular the protective cover or base plate. After assembly of the wire, the cover element can then be closed so that it serves as an additional protective element for the underlying wire.
  • the cover element is articulated at least on one side via a film hinge on the support element, in particular the base plate. Via a clip connection, the cover element with the support element can then be closed with the further side of the cover element.
  • the corresponding support element itself forms a housing in which the wound wire is securely arranged.
  • the entire support element within a housing or a shell, for. B. in the form of a hose can be arranged so as to be protected against external influences.
  • the carrier element is designed as an injection molding of a stable plastic.
  • at least one parting line with at least one connecting web can be arranged over the length of the carrier element in order to achieve a flexibility of the carrier element, in particular in the longitudinal direction.
  • several joints can be arranged over the length of a support element, whereby the flexibility is further improved.
  • the joints it is possible to produce an injection molding of only one material, which on the one hand is stable enough to guide and hold the wound wire, and on the other hand is so flexible that the support member or the sensor element of a given shape , z. B. by the inner contour of a bumper of a vehicle, customize.
  • only a central web of the electrically conductive core is arranged in the region of the parting line.
  • holding means are provided on the carrier element are arranged, whereby the sensor is fastened to the vehicle.
  • the mentioned holding means can enable a material and / or force and / or positive fastening to the vehicle.
  • the holding means are provided directly on the base plate or the cover element or molded onto it.
  • flat plates can be used, whereby z. B. the sensor element can be adhesively bonded or welded to the vehicle.
  • peg-shaped or arrow-shaped or projection-like locking means may be provided as holding means, whereby the carrier element can be fixed by clipping on the vehicle.
  • an irreversible or reversible attachment of the sensor element to the vehicle can take place.
  • the carrier element via external fastening means, such.
  • clips or clamps or screws and rivets on the vehicle can be fastened.
  • a housing-shaped clip for attaching the support element to the vehicle serve, which forms a housing, in sections or in total, for the support element at the same time.
  • Combined holding means are also conceivable within the scope of the invention.
  • the present invention is also directed to a security system for in particular contactless opening and / or closing a flap of a vehicle or the like according to claim 15.
  • at least one sensor unit according to the invention (that is to say according to claims 1 to 29) is used.
  • the individual sensor units according to the invention are connected to the safety system by the vehicle via one or more control units.
  • the control units can also be integrated in the security system.
  • the present invention is also directed to a method of manufacturing a sensor unit according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • a wire is fixed endlessly on the carrier element.
  • the carrier element itself must be produced. This can be produced in a preferred manner as a plastic injection molded part in the form of piece goods.
  • the electrically conductive core is embedded directly in the carrier element or the carrier element itself forms the core, provided that it has electrically conductive polymer.
  • the fastening means preferably provided for fastening means can be produced at the same time, as well as the other previously mentioned elements of the carrier element or the material fit may be connected to the carrier element, such as. B. the cover element.
  • the support element has been manufactured with his core by the meter, this must be shortened to the desired length, which can preferably be done by (laser) cutting, breaking, turning or sawing. Now, the support element already has the correct length.
  • the wire is then fixed to this carrier element by being clipped to the carrier element with the aid of the fastening means or being pressed or pulled into the fastening means.
  • the fastening means of the wire on the support element is at least partially or completely enveloped.
  • the opening gap of the hook-shaped fastening means is still materially closed, for example. By a protective cover or a shrink tube, is closed.
  • a separating point of one end of the carrier element can thus be closed before or after assembly of the wire.
  • at least one or both ends of the support member may be capped.
  • the finished carrier element can now be mounted, provided that the wire is already provided with the required connector.
  • FIG. 1 a sensor unit 10 according to the invention is shown in a first embodiment in plan view.
  • the sensor unit 10 according to the invention is completely visible with its two sensor elements 11, 12.
  • the sensor unit 10 also has further identical or different construction sensor elements 11, 12 has.
  • a continuous wire 13 is arranged, which has its beginning and its end in the plug 17.
  • the corresponding wire 13 runs endlessly on a carrier element 14 of the sensor element 11 or 12 and that substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction 15.
  • the embodiment of the Figures 1, 1a and 1b represents, inter alia, a preferred variant, since in this case the carrier element 14 used more or less completely protects the existing wire 13 by the intended fastening means 14.6.
  • FIG. 1 are arranged laterally on the support elements 14 of the two sensor elements 11, 12 holding means 14.13, which are configured rectangular and are distributed in sections along the length of the respective support member 14.
  • These holding means 14.13 may be provided with adhesive strips, thus attach the sensor unit 10 of the invention to a vehicle 100, in particular to be able to stick.
  • the holding means 14.13 can also serve to fasten the sensor unit 10 positively and / or non-positively to the vehicle 100, in particular to an inner side of a bumper or a side sill.
  • the wire 13 extends from each sensor element 11, 12 from the plug 17 to the respective support member 14 and is fixed there parallel to the longitudinal axis 14.15 on the support member 14 and extends from a first end of the support member 14 (proximity of connector 17) up to a second end of the support member 14 (see reference 14.15 from the second end of the support member 14).
  • the wire 13 makes a total of 180 ° turn and again runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 14.15 from the second end back to the first end of the support member 14 back to then end up again in the plug 17.
  • the wire 13 is substantially parallel and becomes this, what in the FIG.
  • FIG. 1b is a section BB through the first sensor element 11 of the sensor unit 10 according to the invention FIG. 1 shown.
  • the wire 13 is held in the outer region of the carrier element 14 by a fastening means 14.6 on the carrier element 14.
  • the carrier element 14 has a base plate 14.1, which serves as a protective cover 14.1 for an electrically conductive core 18.
  • the base plate 14.1 or the protective cover 14.1 also serves as electrical insulation for the electrically conductive core 18, which in this case is coupled exclusively capacitively to the wire 13.
  • the wire 13 is fixed in a form-fitting manner via the two fastening means 14.6 and optionally fixed to the carrier element 14 in a force-fitting manner. How good of the FIG.
  • the two fastening means 14.6 are arranged on the edge side on the carrier element 14. Under the edge, it is understood that these virtually exploit the entire width 14.11 of the carrier element 14 and thus are spaced as far as possible from the longitudinal axis 14.15.
  • the fastening means 14.6 are themselves designed hook-shaped and have a web 14.6a, which then adjoins the open end of a hook 14.6b.
  • the open end of the fastener 14.6 has only a small gap to the base plate 14.1.
  • FIG. 1b the two fastening means 14.6 are open to the outside. It is also conceivable that the corresponding gap from the fastening means 14.6 inward, ie to the longitudinal axis 14.15 shows.
  • a rib 14.10 is arranged, which protrudes more or less perpendicularly from the base plate 14.1 and is designed uniformly and / or material uniformly with the base plate 14.1.
  • This rib 14.10 can serve for better handling of the support member 14 to z. B. in the attachment of the sensor unit 10, the support member 14 to hold the desired surface of the vehicle 100 and then to be able to press.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 has approximately the same width as the width 14.11 of the support member 14. Only at the two edge sides However, the electrically conductive core 18 is still wrapped by the support member 14.
  • the flat holding means 14.13 is arranged on the base plate 14.1, which z. B. may consist of double-sided tape.
  • the wire 13 has an insulation 13.1 surrounding a core 13.2.
  • the core 13.2 represents the actual electrically conductive element of the wire 13.
  • the core 13.2 may be a multi-core core or a single core. However, it is clear from the FIG. 1b in that the core 13.2 has no electrically conductive connection to the electrically conductive core 18. Thus, it is clear that the wire 13 is only capacitively coupled to the electrically conductive core 18. How out Fig. 1b can also be clearly seen, the entire sensor element 11, 12 configured flat and thus has a relatively low height 14.16.
  • the two lower contacts 17.1 serve for the electrical contacting of the first sensor element 11.
  • the wire 13 leads away from the first sensor element 11 with its first end 13.3 from the plug 17 and ends with its second end 13.4 again at the plug 17.
  • the contact 17.3 z. B. for the shield 13.5 of the wire 13 for one or both sensor elements 11, 12 are used.
  • the two upper contacts 17.2 of the plug 17 are provided for the second sensor element 12.
  • the plug 17 itself has a labyrinth seal, so that a watertight connection between the plug 17 and a corresponding connection socket in the vehicle 100 is possible.
  • the plug 17 is equipped with a safety catch, so that the plug 17 can be positively locked with the connection socket and can not be freed by vibration.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of a portion of the sensor unit 10 according to the invention, or strictly speaking, the first sensor element 11, shown.
  • the section AA is indicated, in detail in the FIG. 2a is shown.
  • FIG. 2a is a comparable cut as in FIG. 1b shown.
  • an electrically conductive core 18 is surrounded by a protective cover 14.1 of the carrier element 14, which is also formed as a base plate 14.1.
  • Formed thereon are the two fastening means 14.6 which hold the wire 13 in a form-fitting manner on the carrier element 14.
  • the two fastening means 14.6 are hook-shaped and protrude from the base plate 14.1 to accommodate the wire 13 enveloping.
  • FIG. 2a is still the section BB indicated in the FIG. 2b is shown in more detail.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 is designed comb-shaped, in which case a double-comb shape is used.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 has a central web 18.1, which is arranged approximately in the region of the longitudinal axis 14.15. From this central web 18.1 go individual tines 18.2 from both sides, between the tines 18.2 each interspaces 18.3 are provided.
  • the two-sided prongs 18.2 are arranged at the same height from the central web 18.1, so that no offset between the prongs 18.2 is formed. As a result, the flexibility of the entire carrier element 14 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 14.15 is improved.
  • the sensor element 11, 12 can be adapted particularly well to a predetermined shape on the vehicle 100.
  • the prongs 18.2 are wider than the corresponding spaces 18.3 between the prongs 18.2.
  • the width ratio can also be reversed, so that the tines 18.2 are made significantly narrower than the corresponding intermediate spaces 18.3 between the tines 18.2.
  • further material of the electrically conductive core 18 can be saved and improve the flexibility of the support member 14.
  • FIG. 3 is a comparable cross section AA FIG. 2 represented by a further sensor unit 10 according to the invention, wherein the carrier element 14 is shown without the wire 13.
  • the carrier element 14 differs by the holding means 14.13 used.
  • This is one piece and made of the same material with the base plate 14.1 from the carrier element 14 and has a arrowhead-shaped tip, with which the carrier element 14 can be positively and / or non-positively fastened with a counter-holding means on the vehicle 100. For this purpose, it only needs to be pressed into the counter-holding means, for which purpose again the holding rib 14.10 can be used.
  • the carrier element 14 is automatically latched or clipped to the resilient projections of the counter-holding means, which form-fittingly engage with the arrow-shaped tip of the counter-holding element Hold together by means of 14.13.
  • the two fasteners 14.6 are well clear. These fastening means 14.6 are likewise designed hook-shaped, wherein first a web 14.6a, in particular protrudes perpendicularly from the base plate 14.1. At this web or neck 14.6a includes a hook 14.6b or mushroom-headed head of the fastener 14.6. These two fastening means 14.6 go over the entire length 14.12 of the support member 14.
  • the two fasteners 14.6 use almost the full width 14.11 of the support member to effect a good capacitive coupling of the wire 13 with the electrically conductive core 18 from the support member 14.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 may be configured as an electrically conductive foil or thin sheet metal. The preferred materials of the electrically conductive core 18 have previously been discussed in detail.
  • the arrow-shaped retaining means 14.13 can be configured continuously, ie over the entire length 14.12 of the carrier element 14, or else only in sections or punctiform manner. Thus, after a certain distance in each case a punctiform ausgestaltetes retaining means 14.13 may be arranged on the base plate 14.1 of the support member 14 in order to secure them to the vehicle 100.
  • FIG. 4a is another cross section AA, comparable to the FIGS. 2a and 3 represented.
  • this support element 14 differs in the configuration of the holding means 14.13.
  • a U-shaped designed holding means 14.13 is used, which is again arranged on the opposite side of the base plate 14.1 of the longitudinal rib 14.10 to secure the support member 14.
  • barb-shaped latching means are arranged on the parallel legs to the U-shaped holding means 14.13, thus locking the carrier element 14 positively and / or non-positively with the vehicle 100 and a corresponding counter-holding means.
  • FIG. 4b It can easily be seen that a double-comb-shaped electrically conductive core 18 is arranged in the planar protective sleeve 14.1 of the carrier element 14.
  • the comb structure of the electrically conductive core 18 larger spaces 18.3 on, which serve as parting lines 14.7 for the support member 14.
  • the carrier element 14 is designed to be continuous, serves inter alia, the central web 18.1 of the electrically conductive core 18 as a connecting web 14.8 in the region of the parting line 14.7.
  • the central web 18.1 in the region of the connecting web 14.8 is likewise enveloped by the protective cover or base plate 14.1 of the carrier element 14.
  • a very high flexibility of the support member 14 can be achieved without, however, the capacitive measurement capability of the sensor element 11, 12 is greatly affected.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail of an optionally designed inventive sensor unit 10 from FIG. 1 shown.
  • cover elements 14.4 for the support elements 14 are used.
  • the first three cover elements 14.4 of each support element 14 of the two sensor elements 11, 12 are shown.
  • the individual sections of the carrier element 14 are separated with the respective cover elements 14.4 by means of parting lines 14.7, wherein the individual regions of the carrier element 14 are materially connected to one another via connecting webs 14.8 (see also FIG FIG. 4b ).
  • This connecting webs 14.8 extend in the present range diagonally through the joints 14.7 and connect the individual sections of the sensor element 11, 12. Further, in the FIG.
  • Within the anti-buckling 14.14 can also each have a shield 13.5, as indicated by dash-dotted lines run. This shield has the task of electromagnetic interference, which can cause a negative measurement result to avoid.
  • the individual cover elements 14.4 are closed on the support member 14, so that the underlying wire 13 is housed protected. The attachment of the wire 13 takes place again via the fastening means 14.6, which can also be configured only punctiform or in sections in this case (see, for example. Fig. 6 ).
  • FIG. 5a is a cross section AA through the first sensor element 11 and 12, respectively.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 consists of individual areas, which is arranged in the base plate 14.1. These individual sections may be electrically conductively connected to one another and form the entire core 18.
  • the upper and lower sections as Shielding elements 16 are configured so as to align the measuring field of the capacitive sensor. Thus, in this case, only the central portion forms the electrically conductive core 18.
  • the cover member 14.4 is connected via a hinge 14.3 with the rest of the support member 14. This hinge is designed in the present embodiment as a film hinge.
  • latching means 14.5 are additionally provided, so that the cover element 14.4 is held in a form-fitting manner in the closed position on the support element 14 by the latching means 14.5.
  • the support member 14 also has a base plate 14.1 on which individual fasteners 14.6 are arranged to hold the wire 13.
  • These fastening means 14.6 are materially connected to the base plate 14.1 and have a neck 14.6a, which merges into a mushroom-like or cap-like end 14.6b. With this end 14.6 b of the wire 13 is held down to the fastening means 14.6 so that it is more or less disposed on a plane 14.2, which has a constant parallel distance from the electrically conductive core 18.
  • the present sensor unit 10 is arranged on the vehicle such that mechanical influences do not act from behind on the base plate 14.1 of the carrier element 14, but from the front onto the cover element 14.4.
  • the functionally essential wire 13, by which the measuring function of the sensor unit 10 is ensured, is arranged protected within the carrier element 14.
  • FIG. 6 is the cross section (comparable to the section AA off Fig. 2 ) is represented by a further carrier element 14.
  • the two fastening means 14.6 arranged on the edge are clearly recognizable, which serve for fastening the wire 13.
  • These two fastening means 14.6 also have a neck 14.6a, which is materially connected to the base plate 14.1.
  • the open end of the fastening means 14.6 also ends mushroom-like or cap-like in the end 14.6b.
  • recesses 14.9 are recognizable, which are manufacturing technology advantageous
  • FIG. 7 a vehicle 100 with the safety system 110 according to the invention and the sensor unit 10 according to the invention and the exemplary sensor elements 11 and 12 are shown.
  • an actuator 102 is provided in the form of an electromechanical lock, which can be controlled by the sensor unit 10 without contact. If the correct control signal has been recognized by the two sensor elements 11 and 12 or has been determined by the corresponding control unit, the actuator 102 can be actuated.
  • FIG. 8a is a section BB through another sensor element 11, 12 shown.
  • this sensor element 11 is similar to the sensor element 11 FIG. 4b designed.
  • the conductive core 18 is interrupted alongside and has a separation point 18.4 in the carrier element 14.
  • this separation point is 18.4 in the region of the parting line 14.7 of the support member 14.
  • the support member 14 is made with the integrated core 18 as a meter or mass goods, is at the separation point 18.4 and the parting line 14.7 a simple (Durch- ) Separation of the support member 14 possible.
  • the separation point does not need to be further protected, since the core 18 in the region of the separation point 18.4 remains corrosion-protected in the carrier element 14.
  • FIG. 8b is a further section BB through a comparable sensor element 11, 12 made FIG. 4b and 8a.
  • the separation point 18.4 replaced by the core 18 by two predetermined breaking points 18.4.
  • These two predetermined breaking points 18.4 can consist of a perforation or a constriction or notch in the core 18.
  • the predetermined breaking points 18.4 from the core 18, which are advantageously in the region of the parting line 14.7 of the support member 14, a simple separation of the support member 14 at this point is possible.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 is continuously galvanically connected over its longitudinal extent.
  • FIG. 9 is a section AA through a comparable sensor element 11 from FIG. 6 shown.
  • a projection 14.17 is arranged on the surface of the carrier element 14, in particular of the base plate 14.1.
  • This hump 14.17 serves as a collection of material in order to close the separation point of the support member 14 after a severance cohesively.
  • the closure can be done by heat development by the hump 14.17 is melted and the hot material is applied to the separation point.
  • FIG. 10a is also a section AA through a further sensor element 11, comparable to the sensor element 11 from FIG. 2 represented. Again, the previously mentioned hump 14.17 is used.
  • FIG. 10b is a section BB through the sensor element 11 from FIG. 10a shown.
  • the projection 14.17 is indicated by dashed lines, which is arranged above the base plate 14.1 on the carrier element 14.
  • a cap 19 is shown in phantom, which, for example, encloses a separate end of the support member 14 and additionally protects the separation point of the support member 14 against external influences.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of the beginning of a support member 14 is shown, wherein the corresponding end of the support member 14 is completed with a cap 19.
  • This cap 19 serves at the same time for receiving and fixing the wire 13 and has a strain relief 19.1.
  • the cap 19 protects the end of the support member 14 not only against external environmental influences, but at the same time protects the wire 13 against mechanical stress at this point.
  • the cap 19 can be clipped to the carrier element 14, welded, glued. Also, the cap 19 may serve to securely receive the deflected wire 13 at the other end of the support member 14.
  • FIGS. 12a to 16b various sections AA are represented by further variants of sensor elements 11, 12 according to the invention.
  • the wire 13 is threaded through the self-contained cross section of the support member 14.
  • the respective carrier elements 14 are tubular with a circular cross section or rectangular cross section or elliptical cross section designed.
  • the fastening means 14.6 already described several times in order to secure the wire 13 on the carrier element 14.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 can form the complete carrier element 14. This is z. B. possible when the electrically conductive core 18, an electrically conductive polymer is used, as already described. Purely optional, it is conceivable and in the FIGS. 13b, 14b and Fig. 16a shows that at least one additional or replacing electrically conductive core 18 is present. In the FIGS.
  • 15b and 16b is the carrier element 14, which is formed entirely from the electrically conductive core 18, with an electrically insulated protective sleeve 14.1 or shrink tube 14.1 wrapped.
  • the manufacture of the sensor element 11, 12 according to the invention is in the embodiments of the Figures 12b, 13b, 14b .
  • 15a, 15b, 16a and 16b particularly simple, since the wire 13 must be pressed only in the respective fastener 14.6.
  • this fastening means 14.6 the wire 13 is held linearly on the carrier element 14.
  • the Figures 15a, 15b, 16a and 16b is for the introduction of the wire 13 and the return of the wire 13 each have a fastening means 14.6 provided, in which the wire 13 must be pressed in each case.
  • FIGS. 12a to 16b illustrated embodiments of the sensor elements 11, 12 have the advantage that they are on the one hand highly flexible and thus can be attached to the motor vehicle in a particularly simple manner and on the other hand are particularly easy to produce. This is especially simple if the carrier element 14 consists predominantly of an electrically conductive core 18, which in turn comprises a material of electrically conductive polymer.
  • the holding means 14.13 is shown as a two-sided adhesive tape or adhesive strip.
  • the holding means 14.13 By attaching the holding means 14.13 at the bottom of the support member 14 is simultaneously a slot from the fastener 14.6, through which the Wire 13 in a simple manner in the support member 14 can be inserted, closed.
  • the wire 13 comparable to the embodiment of FIG. 13a , positively and securely disposed within the support member 14 and can not be readily removed therefrom.
  • the illustrated holding means 14.13 also closes the fastening means 14.6 or the resulting cavity, so that no moisture can penetrate, whereby the measurement result of the sensor element 11 can be falsified.
  • the cross-sectional area of the support member 14 is not limited to the illustrated shapes of the cross sections.
  • each of the illustrated embodiments may be wrapped with an additional protective cover 14.1.
  • This protective cover 14.1 may also consist of a shrink tube or a coating.
  • FIG. 17 is a further section AA represented by a sensor element 11 or 12 according to the invention.
  • the cross section is substantially rectangular and has two circular recesses for the wire 13.
  • two slots for the two circular cross-section fastening means 14.6 are provided in order to insert the wire 13 in a simple manner in the corresponding support member 14.
  • these slots are wedge-shaped, wherein the wedge tip is directed toward the center of each circular fastening means 14.6.
  • an adhesive strip which also serves as a holding means 14.13 for the support member 14 and the sensor element 11 or 12.
  • the support element 14 is made of FIG. 17 to mention that this can only be partially arranged on the wire 13 for fixing the same. Also, in the support member 14 joints 14.7, z. B. wedge-shaped or otherwise be present in order to improve the flexibility of the support member in any direction. Because in the FIG. 17 no capacitive coupling element 18 or electrically conductive core 18 is shown, the carrier element 14 serves as this. Thus, that indicates Carrier element 14 itself electrically conductive material, in particular in the form of electrically conductive plastics or polymers.
  • FIGS. 18a to 18c Further sections AA are represented by possible embodiments of the sensor elements 11 or 12.
  • the circularly configured fastening means 14.6 for the wire 13 are closed by the respective holding means 14.13, which is preferably designed as an adhesive strip or adhesive tape. Since virtually the fastening means 14.6 are designed tubular, further increases the flexibility and deformability of the support member 14 in any axis of movement.
  • FIG. 18a In order to achieve an optimum fastening surface for the support element 14, is in FIG. 18a particularly wide holding means 14.13 provided with an optimal adhesive surface.
  • FIG. 18b In the FIG. 18b is in the middle height of the wire 13, a connecting web of the support member 14 is provided, in which the electrically conductive core 18 is arranged at the same time.
  • the electrically conductive core 18 consists of an electrically conductive polymer
  • this embodiment is particularly flexible, just like the variant of the FIG. 18c , This differs from the variant FIG. 18b only in that no cross-sectionally cuboid electrically conductive core 18 is used, but a cable or a wire 18.5.
  • This cable or wire 18.5 can be injected or formed in the same way as the carrier element 14 is produced and forms the electrically conductive core 18.
  • a particularly inexpensive and highly flexible variant of the sensor unit 10 according to the invention can be realized.
  • a carrier element 14 arranged in sections which serves to fix the wire 13.
  • the support member 14 may be divided not only over its length, but also across its width.
  • that can Carrier element may be provided with connecting elements 14.19 to form individual sections 14.18 of the support member 14 connected to each other.
  • a dovetail-shaped connecting element 14.19 is used.
  • FIG. 19a indicated that each section 14.18 of the support member 14 different holding means 14.13 can be used.
  • a large-area holding means 14.13 is provided as an adhesive strip.
  • the adjacent section 14.18 comes as a locking means or pin-shaped configured holding means 14.13 used.
  • FIG. 19b makes it clear that 14 arbitrary shapes for the sensor element 11 or 13 can be achieved by the use of a sectionally arranged support member.
  • a portion 14.18 of the support member can simulate a bend or an arc of the wire 13 in order to fix the wire 13 in this area with the vehicle 100 can.
  • FIG. 20 is shown purely schematically a plan view of a bumper 103 of a vehicle 100.
  • a carrier element 14 arranged in sections follows the inner contour of the bumper 103.
  • a reinforcement 104 is provided on the inside, on which nevertheless the sensor unit according to the invention with a first sensor element 11 or second sensor element 12 should be attachable.
  • a carrier element 14 arranged in sections it is easily possible to adapt the corresponding sensor element 11 or 12 to the inner contour of the bumper 103.
  • the sensor unit 10 according to the invention can also be used to open the side doors or the engine compartment flap or the tank lid or the like.
  • the sensor element 12 can also be used and vice versa.
  • any combination of the different embodiments of the sensor elements 11 and 12 in a sensor unit 10 can be realized.

Landscapes

  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
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US20180094954A1 (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Nissan North America, Inc. Sensor mounting bracket
US20190310112A1 (en) * 2018-04-10 2019-10-10 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg Capacitive sensor unit
FR3111656A1 (fr) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-24 Vitesco Technologies Dispositif d’ouverture/fermeture d’ouvrant par détection de mouvement d’un membre d’utilisateur et procédé d’ouverture/fermeture associé

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DE102016213378A1 (de) * 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg Schaltelement
DE102016218178A1 (de) 2016-09-21 2018-03-22 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg Kapazitive Sensorelektrode, Fertigungsverfahren für eine kapazitive Sensorelektrode und kapazitiver Sensor
DE102017208791A1 (de) 2017-05-24 2018-11-29 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg Kapazitiver Näherungssensor
DE102017116392A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg Sensoreinheit
JP2019190843A (ja) * 2018-04-18 2019-10-31 アイシン精機株式会社 静電容量センサ及び車両用操作入力検出装置

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CN105203134A (zh) 2015-12-30
CN113405574B (zh) 2024-06-18
EP2947773B1 (fr) 2020-04-15
CN113405574A (zh) 2021-09-17
DE102014107269A1 (de) 2015-11-26
EP3584934A1 (fr) 2019-12-25

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