EP2943516A2

EP2943516A2 - A novel foam-generating liquid mixture, its use and equipment for its preparing

Info

Publication number: EP2943516A2
Application number: EP13826583.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Zoltán OROSZ; Imre Kiss
Original assignee: Rapidsil System Kft
Current assignee: Rapidsil System Kft
Priority date: 2012-12-27
Filing date: 2013-12-19
Publication date: 2015-11-18
Also published as: WO2014102557A4; WO2014102557A3; WO2014102557A2; HU230778B1; HUP1200783A2

Abstract

The object of the invention is a foam-generating mixture for the forming of thermal insulation foam, which consists of a first component (A), a second component (B) and a third component (C), wherein the volume ratio of the first component is at most 3 volume parts, the volume ratio of the second component is at most 3 volume parts, and the volume ratio of the third component is at most 4 volume parts, and an equipment and method for the preparation and dispensing the foam-generating liquid mixture. A further object of the invention a method for repairing the cavity (22) occurred in the insulation material (24) of the thermal insulation (19) of building boundary wall structures (19), during which the location and extension of the cavity (22) is determined (see: Figure 4), and the building boundary wall structure (19) is explored in the location of the cavity (22), and liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced into the cavity, in such a way as during exploration at least one bore (F) is prepared on the wall surface (20, 21 ) of the boundary wall structure (19) falling on the area of the cavity, and the liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced into the cavity (22) through the bore (F) with 70-150 bar pressure, while the residues of the insulation material (25) in the thermal insulation (24) cavity (22) are washed to the wall of the cavity (22), and/or enclosed by the foam-generating mixture.

Description

A novel foam-generating liquid mixture, its use and equipment for its preparing

Technical field of the invention The object of the invention is a foam-generating liquid mixture for preparing thermal insulation layer, and equipment for preparing and dispensing the foam- generating mixture, which has a house, a pump arranged in the house, a motor driving the pump, and has valves connected to the pump, which valves can also be connected to the tanks serving the storage of the components of the foam-generating mixture, and the pump is connected to a spray head with nozzle. Further, the object of the invention a procedure for repairing the cavities occurring in the thermal insulation layer of the building bounding wall structures, during which the location and extension of the cavity is determined, the building bounding wall structure is explored in the location of the cavity, and the liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced into the cavity.

Following the prohibition of the construction- and insulation-materials containing asbestos the insulation materials prepared from the replacing rock wool and glass wool (mineral wool) started to spread extremely fast worldwide. Even today, this product range is covering in 70-75% the insulation request of the new buildings. The main reason of this is the good price and excellent flame retardant characteristic of these products. These have been widely used for the insulation of industrial halls of lightweight construction and apartment houses.

However, the disadvantage of such insulation materials is that their thermal insulation properties and their stability is significantly changing, deteriorating as a function of the change of the moisture content. The insulation is powdering away over time, cavities occur in the mineral wool insulation layers arranged inside the wall structure, repairing, filling up of which must be performed by the breaking of the wall structure. The adverse health effects of the filaments used as insulation, getting into the atmosphere, are still discussed, but it is a fact that in the course of exploring these substances for example in Germany the workers have to act similarly to the management of the asbestos insulations prohibited earlier. As a consequence of this reparation of the mineral wool insulations is very expensive, and in the absence of other, alternative insulation materials, which can be simply built into the site given it is useless. Background art

BG 104969 Bulgarian design application discloses a pulp, useful in the repair of different insulations, for example thermal insulations, comprising 20-35 v% dioctyl phthalate, 14-25 v% polystyrene foam, and 50-65 v% mineral wool and quartz pow- der, in some cases ground rubber, as filler, and in some cases 2-3 v% colouring material. The use, introduction of the repair material is not described in the application.

JP 6171995 Japanese patent publication discloses a pourable thermal insulation material, which is pasty, and can be used for the repair of different thermal insulations. The mixture contains about 10-40 parts by weight bentonite, which is mixed with 100 parts by weight granules of 6-20 mm average particle size, which is obtained by the pulverization of the mixture of mineral wool, compressed waste and binding material, then by mixing with 10-60 parts by weight water it is knead and allowed to stand.

Common disadvantage of both solutions is that their volume is changing by the effect of the change in temperature, which adversely affects fulfilling the task of filling the wall structure, and - especially in case of the materials containing bentonite - are prone to take up humidity, therefore they are essentially unsuitable for repairing mineral wool thermal insulations. Additionally they do not present a solution which is suitable for introducing the repair material into the wall structure, therefore their ap- plication is conceivable only with the full exploration of the defective insulation. It is one of their significant disadvantage that their thermal insulation and flame retardant characteristics doesn't adapt to the mineral wool insulation materials built in previously.

People are also trying to repair the mineral wool thermal insulations with the use of plastic foams introduced to the defective site in liquid form, but they are significantly swelling in the course of their hardening, which is leading to the development of internal tensions in the wall structure, may cause cracks, and in respects of flame retardancy, insulation characteristics are different from the built in, mainly mineral wool insulation materials, and do not meet the requirements of fire resistance.

Therefore, US 2009/0270521 A1 patent application is proposing a procedure suitable for the preparation of fire resistant foam, in which polyol, diisocyanate and sodium silicate are mixed, but for this the sodium silicate, for the suitable mixing with the polyol and diisocyanate, is warmed to temperature between 25 °C and 50 °C, preferably to about 40 °C, this way reducing its viscosity. The mixed components are dispensed with a propellant, for example compressed air, through a nozzle. The significant disadvantage of the procedure is that in addition to the three components an additional medium is needed for dispensing the mixture, which means for example the use of a compressor providing the compressed air on the site of the operation. Another disadvantage is that by the effect of the polyol component the mixture has strong adhesive properties, which on the one hand makes dispensing more difficult, on the other hand cleaning of the dispensing equipment is very difficult, following a longer standstill the components with smaller internal diameter may need to be replaced. It can also be attributed to the polyol component that the foam produced is hygroscopic, its volume is significantly increasing in the course of hardening, which in case of using it in a wall structure may result in the damage of the wall structure. It is also not a negligible condition that the specific gravity of the mixture diluted with the compressed air is small, therefore its kinetic energy is not sufficient for example to wash away or enclose the age-worn, damaged insulation material in the cavity of the defective insulation to be filled in.

Description of the invention

Therefore, our aim was to develop a thermal insulation repair material for repairing the mineral wool heat insulation arranged in the wall structure, which is more fire resistant, and with which the disadvantages of the solutions of the prior art can be eliminated, and which doesn't change its volume even in case of temperature fluctua- tion, which is not hygroscopic at all, and perfectly fills in the imperfect volume of the mineral wool thermal insulation without swelling in the course of hardening, and without exerting pressure in the course of foam rising which can deform the bounding surfaces, washes away or surrounds the age-worn, damaged insulation material in the cavity to be filled in, in such a way that the filamentous insulation material damaged, or prone to be damaged is washed away with a wetting fluid, with high pressure, and the foam arising from the liquid entirely fills in the cavity available, i.e. the cavity occurred in place of the missing part of the insulation, but shouldn't deform the building bounding surfaces, but at the same time its λ thermal conductivity factor should correlate with the λ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wool thermal insulation.

Furthermore our goal is to develop a procedure and an equipment, with which the foam-generating liquid mixture of the invention can be introduced into the wall structure comprising the mineral wool thermal insulation layer with uniformly high pressure without the need for using another transport medium to dispense the correction material, i.e. compressed air, and without the need to totally explore the wall structure on the site of the defect either in case of buildings, ships or road vehicles.

Our aim was realized by the development of a foam-generating mixture for the forming of thermal insulation foam, which consists of a first component, a second component and a third component, wherein the first component is water-glass, the second component is polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate, and the third component is the mixture of at least 65 v% tris(2-chloro-isopropyl)-phosphate, at most 10 v% benzyl-dimethylamine, at most 10 v% cyclohexyl-dimethylamine and at most 15 v% foam-forming agent, moreover the volume ratio of the first component is at most 3 volume parts, the volume ratio of the second component is at most 3 volume parts, and the volume ratio of the third component is at most 4 volume parts.

The amount of the foam-forming agent in the third component is at least 5 v%. The amount of the cyclohexyl-dimethylamine in the third component is at least

2.5 v%.

The amount of the benzyl-dimethylamine in the third component is at least 2.5 v%.

Moreover the realization of our goal is served by the equipment which is serv- ing the formation and dispensing the liquid mixture, which has a house, a pump arranged in the house, a motor driving the pump, and has valves connected to the pump, which valves can also be connected to the tanks serving the storage of the components of the foam-generating liquid mixture, and the pump is connected to a spray head with nozzle, and the pump is formed from at least two pump-houses, and in each pump-house piston houses are arranged with the same design, and with the same number as the components, and the inlet of each piston house is connected to the tanks, the outlet is connected to the mixing head connected to the spray head, and the pistons of each piston houses are fixed to a common piston-rod, which is journalled to the output shaft of the excenter drive, and the movement direction of the pistons of the pump-house encloses an angle with the movement direction of the pistons of the other pump-house.

In case of using two pump-houses the movement direction of the pistons of the first pump-house encloses a right angle with the movement direction of the pistons of the second pump-house.

In case of using n number of pump-houses the movement direction of the pistons of the n^th pump-house encloses a 90°/2^n"2 angle with the movement direction of the pistons of the (n-1 )^th pump-house.

Between the mixing head and the pump a reversing valve block is connected to the mixing head and the pump per component.

The realization of our goal is served also by the procedure of the invention, which is suitable for the reparation of the cavity occurred in the insulation material of the thermal insulation layer of the building bounding wall structures, and in the course of which the location and extension of the cavity is determined, and the building bounding wall structure is explored in the position of the cavity, and liquid foam- generating mixture is introduced into the cavity, and in the course of the exploration at least one bore is made on the wall surface, falling to the area of the cavity, and the liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced through the bore into the cavity, with steady pressure, while the insulation material residues in the hole of the thermal insulation are washed with the mixture to the wall of the cavity, and/or enclosed with the foam-generating mixture.

The localization and extension of the cavity is determined by the evaluation of the thermal camera recording prepared about the wall structure, and the liquid foam- generating mixture is prepared by mixing the first component, the second component and the third component, during which water glass is used as first component, poly- methylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate is used as second component, and a mixture containing at least 65 v% tris(2-chloro-isopropyl)-phosphate, at most 10 v% benzyl- dimethylamine, at most 10 v% cyclohexyl-dimethylamine and at most 15 v% foam- forming agent is used as third component.

In the course of the exploration bores are prepared in the wall surface of the building bounding wall structure, in the range appropriate for the area of the cavity, 0.6-0.8 m away from each other.

Suitably such a steady p(x) pressure is applied, which is p(x) = Isin (x+90°/2^(n" ²⁾)l, wherein x is the angular position of the piston, n is the number of the pump- houses.

Therefore according to the procedure of the invention the repair material is sprayed into the cavity formed as a consequence of the degradation of the mineral wool thermal insulation in the wall structure, and thereby the damaged insulation inside the cavity is blown away, washed away. The open cell, dimensionally stable foam generated from the liquid sprayed in is extremely close to the nominal parameters of the previously built in mineral wool product from the aspects of insulation, air permeability, flame retardant characteristics, therefore the energetic relations of the repaired wall structure do not change compared to the design parameters, thermal bridges do not form in the environment of the repair, since the λ thermal conductivity factor of the foam generated from the foam-generating mixture of the invention with 0.041 W/mK thermal insulation characteristics, which is in very good correlation with the 0.036-0.041 W/mK λ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wool thermal insulations. This is a very important advantage, because repairing of even very large surfaces doesn't upset the energetic calculations considered at planning the building, moreover, if it is necessary, even the replacement of the whole insulation of the building can be realized without any problem, using the foam-generating mixture of the invention and the procedure and equipment for its dispensing, in contrast with the solutions of the prior art, which cannot be used in practice, because they are prone to swell, and their λ thermal conductivity factors are significantly different from the λ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wool.

Hereunder the invention is described in details by the presentation of the preferred embodiments, based on the Figures enclosed. Figure 1 The arrangement of the components of the equipment of the invention can be seen on Figure 1.

Figure 2 Figure 2 describes the pump of the equipment of the invention, providing steady material flow.

Figure 3 Figure 3 shows the internal arrangement of the piston houses formed in the pump-houses.

Figure 4 Describes an embodiment of the method of the invention suitable for repairing the cavity occurred in the thermal insulation layer of the building boundary structures.

The arrangement of the components of the equipment 1 of the invention can be seen on Figure 1. The equipment 1 has a house 2, which have practically 3 wheels, with which it can be easily moved. Tanks 4, 5, 6 are attached to the house 2, which serve the storage of the A, B, C components of the three component repair material of the invention, in this order. Valves 7, 8, 9 are fixed to the house of equipment 1 , which can be connected to the external tanks not shown on the Figure 1 , containing the suitable A, B, C components, from which the working tanks 4, 5, 6 can be filled through the valves Sa, Sb, Sc, or can be replaced by the closure of the valves Sa, Sb, Sc.

Each tank 4, 5, 6 and the external tanks are connected pairwise with a common hose to the twin cylinder, piston pump 10 providing the steady material flow, the internal arrangement of which can be seen on Figure 2. The pump 10 is formed from two pump-houses, the first 10a pump-house and the second 10b pump-house, ar- ranged at an angle of 90 degrees, and in each 10a, 10b pump-houses three-three piston houses 13 are arranged, one per A, B, C components, with similar design, in which the pistons 13a can be moved in identical phase. The pistons 13a are operated in the pump-house 10a with the common 11a piston-rod, the pistons 13b are operated in the pump-house 10b with the common 11 b piston-rod. The piston-rods 11a, 11 b are connected by bearing to the output shaft Te of the excenter drive 12, driven by the motor M. The output shaft Te of the excenter drive 12 performs planetary motion around the T central shaft of drive 12. Since the piston houses 13 en- close angle with each other, in this embodiment a right angle, the pistons 13a, 13b move with 90° phase shift to each other.

The internal arrangement of the piston houses 13 formed in each pump-house 10a, 10b can be seen on Figure 3, in case of the 10a pump-house identical with the pump-house 10b. In the pump-house 10a three piston houses 13 are arranged in parallel with each other. The pistons 13a with diameter D are rigidly connected to the combiner element E, which is guided in the pump-house 10a. The piston rod 1 1 a is hingedly connected to the combiner element E. The pump-house 13 has inlet Bm and outlet Km for the appropriate A, B, C components. Both the inlet Bm and the out- let Km are fitted with the valves Gb, Gk pretensioned with the spring R, in the embodiment described with clapper-valve. The piston 13a is fitted with the valve Ga, which is arranged in the head of the piston 3a in such a way that the head of the piston 13a is permeable to liquid if the valve Ga is open. In the piston-rod 13b with diameter d, fixed to the piston 13a, the passage J is formed which is connected to the valve G, through which, in the course of the movement of the piston 13a liquid can flow from volume Vi between the piston 13a and the suction valve Gk into volume V₂, but not in the opposite direction. Continuous liquid flow on outlet Km i.e. that in the course of L stroke length displacement of any direction of the piston 13a on average the same amount of liquid drain per L stroke length can be realized by following way: the ratio of the diameters D and d is selected as D/d=2^1/2, because in this case the AV₂ change of the V₂ volume on L stroke length is \ /2:

VI=D²/4*TT*L,

AV₂=Vrd²/4*Tr*L, therefore in order to be

2(V_rd²/4*TT^*L) = D²/4*TT^*L

2(D²/4*TT*L- d²/4*TT*L) = D²/4^*TT*L

D²/4-d²/4=D²/8

D²=2d², therefore

D/d=2^{1 2}.

It can be seen on the figure 3 that as a consequence of the alternating movement of the piston-rod 11 a in the N movement direction marked by the arrow the components A, B, C are sucked into volume V1 of the piston house 13 through the inlet Bm, while the piston 13a moves in L stroke length, and the shaft Te performs π angle revolution around shaft T, and from there during the further π angle revolution of the shaft Te the whole amount of liquid of Vi volume is flowing into the volume V₂. Since the change of the V₂ volume during the π angle revolution around the shaft Te, i.e. on L stroke length V-i/2, always Vi/2 volume liquid drains into the reversing valve blocks 16 with p(x) momentary pressure, where x is the angular position of shaft Te.

As a consequence of the described driving and formation of the pistons 13a the Pi pressure of the A, B, C components emerging on the Km outlet of the pump-house 10a is changing as a function of the angular position of the shaft Te according to the sine function during the movement of the shaft Te indicated on Figure 2 between 0° and 180° in the direction of arrow N, and the change of the pi pressure is also sinusoidal between 180° and 0°, i.e. in the 180° and 0° angular positions pi=0. But since the piston houses 13 enclose right angle with each other, the pistons 13a, 13b move with 90° phase shift compared to each other, therefore on the Km outlet of the pump-house 10b the likewise sinusoidally changing p₂ pressure of the A, B, C components is maximum if pi=0 and vice versa. Therefore by connecting the Km outlets of the pump- houses 10a, 10b per A, B, C components, such a common Km outlet pressure function is obtained, whose value is never zero in the course of the planetary motion of the shaft Te, i.e. the minimum of the momentary pressure of the foam-generating mixture is not zero, but p(x)min = sin (135 °), while its maximum is p(max) = sin (90 °), i.e. 0.707 times of the p(max). Therefore the common Km outlet pressure results in steadier component flow than in case of using only one pump-house 10a, 10b. Furthermore, it cannot be seen on the Figures that in case of using pump-house 10n with construction similar to the construction of the pump-houses 10a, 10b the common Km outlet pressure results in even steadier pressure function, i.e. A, B, C component flow, if for example the piston-rod 11 n of pump-house n, connected to the shaft Te is rotated with additional 45°, since in this case the p(x)min = sin 112.5, i.e. 0.924 times of the p(max). Therefore in case of using n number of pump-houses 10n (not shown on the Figure) the Nn movement direction of the pistons 13a of the n^th pump-house 10n is enclosing a 90 2^n"2 angle with the Nn-1 movement direction of the pistons 13a of the (n-1 )^th pump- house 10n-1. The Km outputs of the 10a, 10b pump-houses merged by A, B, C components are connected to a reversing valve block 16 shown on Figure 1 , which has three tasks. On the one hand it enables filling the tank 4, 5, 6 in a closed system from an external reservoir containing the given A, B, C component, its warming, if necessary, and de- aeration of the system. On the other hand it passes on the components A, B, C to the mixing head 17 connected to the pump 10 with a hose to work, and enables flushing of the mixing head 17 and the nozzle 18 connected to the mixing head 17 with the inorganic component A. And thirdly, the reversing valve block 16 is serving for protecting the equipment 1 against overpressure with a spring-loaded safety ball valve with ad- justable opening pressure. The output of the equipment (P(bar) ^χ Q(l/min)) can be changed within a wide range with the built in frequency converter of the drive 12 of the equipment 1 , remotely controlled from the site of work, adapted to the throughput of the spraying nozzle 18 just to be used, and to the insulation task. The spraying nozzle 18 is installed to the end of the straight or bent tube installed to the mixing head 17. Nozzle 18 is commercially available, its throughput for water at 2 bar pressure difference is 0.8-2 litres/min.

Components B,C are mixed in the mixing head 17, and introduced into the nozzle 18, from where it can introduced into the cavity to be filled, together with component A.

Mixing of the three A, B, C components of the repair material of the invention by the use of the equipment 1 of the invention results in a thermal insulation foam, the thermal conductivity factor of which is λ=0,040 mW°K, its specific gravity is 16-24 kg/m³, its fire retardancy degree is B2. Foam-generating starts within 5-8 seconds following mixing the components A, B, C, and stops within 12-20 seconds. In the course of rising of the foam, unlike the traditional polyurethane insulation foams, the so-called foam-rising pressure, which can deform the surfaces of the cavity to be insulated, doesn't occur, because the outer part of the foam surface generated, meeting any other exterior surface is collapsing, and forms a thicker skin layer in the course of the foaming process.

This effect was reached by the use of such A, B, C components, whose composition is different from the composition of the foams used in the in situ foam- generating procedures of the prior art. Composition of components A, B, C is summarized in Table 1.

Table 1

It was recognized that if one of the components, for example component A, unlike the foams of the prior art doesn't include flammable polyols, but in addition to the high amount of inorganic component, for example water-glass, contains isopropyl and amine derivatives too, then the necessary fire resistance increases significantly, which makes the repair material of the invention suitable even for the repair of mineral wool thermal insulation. In the course of mixing the A, B, C components according to the invention, more complex reactions occur, compared to the traditional polyurethane foaming reactions, the essence of which is that the water content of component A reacts with component B by the effect of component C, and foam is generated. It was also recognized, that in the course of mixing the components A, B, C according to the invention a foam is generated, which, unlike the insulation materials generally used for filling cavities, typically introduced into the cavity to be filled with an auxiliary medium, for example nitrogen gas or compressed air, with physical condition similar to that of the shaving foam, in the course of foam rising doesn't generate pressure which is able to deform the bounding surfaces, but washes away or encloses the aged, damaged insulation material in the cavity to be filled by means of the impulse of the introduction and the specific gravity of the foam-generating mixture. According to the prior art the specific gravity of the foam-generating mixtures is small, and because of the low level of kinetic energy absorbed in the course of introduction they cannot move the aged, damaged insulation material in the cavity, therefore filling of the cavity is not perfect.

In the course of the method of the invention the repair material of the invention with A, B, C components is introduced into the site of the repair with the equipment 1 with steadily high pressure. In this description the steady pressure means that it is never zero, but changes sinusoidally between at most p(x)max (sin 90°) and least p(x)min (sin 135°). If n number of pump-houses 10a, 10n are used it changes practically according to the p(x) = Isin (x+9072^n"2)l function, wherein x is the angular position of the piston 13a, n is the number of the 10a, 10b pump-houses, enclosing an angle with each other. The average value of the p(x) pressure is practically between 70-150 bars. This pressure range is necessary to introduce the foam-generating mixture of the invention with about 20 kg/m³ specific gravity with the suitable kinetic energy into the cavity to be filled to press the damaged insulation materials in the cavity to the wall of the cavity, and perfectly fill the cavity. Therefore, if the value of p(max) is set to 150 bars, then in case of two pump-houses 10a, 10b p(x)min = 150*sin 135° = 106,1 bars (x=45° + 90°). In case of three pump-houses 10a, 10b, if the third pump-house 10a, 10b is located in 45° degrees of angle compared to one of the pump-houses 10a, 10b, then p(x)min = 150*sin 1 2,5° = 138,6 bars (x=22,5° + 90 2), etc. In the course of the procedure the starting material tanks 4, 5, 6 of the transportable equipment 1 are filled with the A, B, C components, according to the labels for the A, B, C components, or the equipment 1 is connected to the external tanks containing components A, B, C. The A, B, C components pressed separately with high pressure into the mixing head 17 are mixed in the mixing head 17, and after the built in mixing-homogenizing element they are introduced as reactive mixture into the cavity to be filled, sprayed through the nozzle 18.

The components B, C can be recycled, recirculated from valve block 16 into tanks 5, 6, instead of the mixing head 17. This is necessary for cleaning, flushing the mixing head 17, which can be carried out with component "A", using 2-3 sec flushing operation. Of course, in case of continuous operation this is unnecessary. Recirculation of components B, C through the valve block 16 into the tanks 5, 6 is performed in order to flush the mixed liquid from mixing head 17 with the water-glass component A. In the course of flushing the nozzle 18 remains in the cavity to be filled. Starting, stopping, performance modification of the equipment 1 can be carried out in known manner, from the control cabinet or with a remote control.

The necessary 22-25 °C temperature of the components can be provided by turning on the standard, electric heating plates built under the piston-houses 13 (not shown on the Figure), if this is necessary, because of the environmental temperature. During heating the maximum temperature of the piston-houses 13 is 30 °C.

In a preferred embodiment of the insulation procedure of the invention, for example in case of a lightweight building (metal frame hall, framed hall) thermal camera recording is made about the building bounding structure, for example about the wall 19 of the building, comprising the thermal insulation layer. Based on the evaluation of the recording the coordinate scale 23 is drawn on the external 20 or internal 21 wall surface, and the damages seen on the recording, i.e. for example the cavity 22 are surrounded on the borderline of the damage with bores F, drilled about 0.6-0.8 m away from each other, preferably with 16 mm diameter. Since because of the open- ing angle of the spraying cone of the nozzle 18, by moving away from the nozzle 18 the kinetic energy and wetting capacity is decreasing, with the increase of the depth of the space portion to be repaired the 0.6-0.8 m distance of the bores mentioned above must be decreased.

In case of a cavity 22 exceeding the 1.6 m biggest dimension the wall surface 20 or the wall surface 21 , corresponding to the area of the whole cavity 22 is covered with a similar size coordinate scale 23. In case of repairing the total insulation of the external vertical structure of the building 19 the bores F are prepared on the whole wall surface 20 or wall surface 21 , starting in 0.2-0.8 m, preferably in 0.4 m height, and in the course of preparing the bores the condition and existence of the old insulation material is checked. By moving upwards, shifted with half spacing, the whole wall surface 20, 21 is drilled, as it can be seen on Figure 4.

The insulating foam is sprayed through the nozzle 18, proceeding by bore lines, from the bottom to top, the nozzle 18 is moved even in depth, at the lowest bore line the foam-generating mixture jet is directed upwards. In case of the lowest bore line, if there is no remaining insulation material 25 in the wall structure 19, temporary closure of the wall structure 19 is necessary (both inside and outside). In the next bore lines the foam-generating mixture jet is directed downwards, the in depth movement is necessary. The work is preferably carried out from a mobile, rolling platform or mounting basket, by avoiding the material loss due to the frequent flushing of the equipment 1. Following spraying the lowest bores F are closed with the plastic caps 26, in order to avoid the occasional dusting off or leaking of the insulation mate- rial.

During repair in each case an amount of material calculated on the basis of the empty volume of the cavity 22 to be insulated is sprayed, this way the residual insulation material 25 washed away, collapsed is enclosed, cannot take up humidity any longer, therefore further insulation damages shouldn't be considered. The intact insulation material 24 incidentally not collapsing is also fixed. Local heat bridges may not form because of the close λ values of the insulation foam of the invention and the mineral wool. Repairing can be performed both from the side of the external and internal wall surface 21 , 22.

Repair of the insulation of attics can also be performed with the material of the invention, in such a way, that the repair material of the invention is sprayed to the external vertical surface of the jamb wall of the built in room of the attic building under the roofing. In the course of the procedure the sprayer nozzle 18 is inserted into the selected bore F, and the available cavity is filled with suitable changes of direction.

Before starting the work it is practical to make foaming test, to check the prop- erties of the foam-generating mixture and the foam generated in such a way that at least 0.7 litre foam-generating mixture is sprayed through the nozzle 18 selected or specified for the work. In the course of the foaming test it is checked, whether the manometers of the pump 10 show nearly identical pressure (+5% difference is allowed), which is preferably between 70-150 bars.

The time period of spraying is defined by the reaction time.

The present invention is illustrated by the following example.

Example

The cavity 22 occurred in the mineral wool thermal insulation 24 arranged between the external and internal surfaces 20, 21 of the building bounding wall structure 19 is repaired with the method of the invention. According to the thermal camera re- cording the average extension of the cavity 22 in parallel with the external 20, 21 wall surface was 1 m², the average depth was 0.2 m. The amount of the multicomponent liquid foam-generating mixture necessary for filling the cavity is determined by taking into consideration the 20 kg/m³ specific gravity of the freely foaming foam, i.e. at least 4 kg multicomponent liquid foam-generating mixture is necessary for filling the cavity with 1 m² surface, 0.2 m average depth. The components A, B, C are pre-warmed to 23 °C. The beginning of foaming, i.e. the starting time is 20 sec since passing out through the nozzle. The average specific gravity of the 4 kg liquid is 1.3 kg/m³, its volume is 3.07 litre. The spraying in procedure always lasts for a shorter period of time than the starting time. By taking into consideration these facts such a nozzle 18 and pump performance (litre/min) must be chosen for the operation, which assures that the 3.07 litre liquid is introduced in about 15 sec, with suitable spraying. In this case by setting the rpm of the pump 10 4*3.07 = 12.28 litre/min performance must have been reached. Based on the throughput of the equipment 1 and the nozzle the pressure values are between 90-150 bars. We are convinced about the accuracy of the values by a foaming test. Following this the nozzle 18 is put into the bore F and the foam-generating mixture of the invention is introduced into the cavity 22 with steady p(x) pressure, wherein x means the angular position of the piston 13a while the insulation material 25 elements remained in the cavity 22 are washed to the wall of the cavity, and the cavity 22 is filled with the foam-generating mixture. The steady pressure in this 10a, 10b pump-house arrangement, enclosing 90° degree angle with each other - as it could be seen above - has never been zero, but has changed sinusoidally at most between p(x)max (sin 90°) and at least p(x) min (sin 135°) along the envelope of the Isin xl and Isin Χ+90Ί absolute value functions, and results in uniform filling of the cavity.

The advantage of the equipment 1 and the method of the invention, compared to the prior art is that by the use of the multicomponent liquid foam-generating ther- mal insulation repair substance of the invention serving the repair of the mineral wool thermal insulation 24 arranged in the wall structure 19 the disadvantages of the methods of the prior art can be eliminated, because it is fire resistant, doesn't change its volume even in case of temperature fluctuations, it is not hygroscopic at all, and totally fills the incomplete volume of the heat insulation 24, the cavity 22, without re- suiting in pressure load, and without swelling in the course of hardening. Its further advantage is that the repair material of the invention can be introduced into the wall structure 19 containing the heat insulation layer 24, without totally exploring the wall structure 19 on the site of the deficiency. Even further advantage is that unlike the repair materials with physical condition similar to the shaving foam, used in the cavity filling technic of the prior art, which is typically introduced into the space to be filled with nitrogen gas or compressed air, the foam-generating mixture of the components A, B, C are introduced into the cavity to be filled with the equipment 1 and the method of the invention with steadily high pressure, without using any mediator substance, in liquid phase, which, as a consequence of its composition doesn't generate pressure able to deform the limiting surfaces in the course of foam rising, but washes away or encloses the age-worn, damaged insulation material in the cavity to be filled in, in such a way that the damaged, or prone to be damaged filamentous insulation material 25 built earlier between the building boundary wall structure 19 is washed away with a wetting fluid, with high pressure, and the foam arising from the liquid entirely fills in the cavity 22 occurred in place of the missing part of the insulation, but doesn't deform the building bounding surfaces, but at the same time totally fills up the cavity. Since the open cell, dimensionally stable foam generated from the liquid sprayed in is extremely close to the nominal parameters of the previously built in mineral wool product, the energetic relations of the repaired wall structure do not change com- pared to the design parameters, thermal bridges do not form in the environment of the repair, since the λ thermal conductivity factor of the foam generated from the foam-generating mixture of the invention with thermal insulation characteristics is 0.041 W/mK, which is in very good correlation with the 0.036-0.041 W/mK λ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wool thermal insulations. As a consequence of this even the repair of large surfaces doesn't upset the energetic calculations considered at planning the building, and if necessary, the change of the insulation of the whole building can be realized without any problem by using the foam-generating mixture and the equipment and method of the invention used for its generation and dispensing, unlike the solutions of the prior art, which are prone to swell, and their λ thermal conductivity factor is significantly different from the λ thermal conductivity factor of the mineral wools.

Claims

1. A foam-generating mixture for the forming of thermal insulation foam, which consists of a first component (A), a second component (B) and a third compo- nent (C), wherein the first component (A) is water-glass, the second component (B) is polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate, the third component (C) is the mixture of at least 65 v% tris(2-chloro-isopropyl)-phosphate, at most 10 v% benzyl- dimethylamine, at most 10 v% cyclohexyl-dimethylamine and at most 15 v% foam- forming agent, further the volume ratio of the first component (A) is at most 3 volume parts, the volume ratio of the second component (B) is at most 3 volume parts, and the volume ratio of the third component (C) is at most 4 volume parts in the mixture.

2. The foam-generating mixture of Claim 1 , wherein the amount of the foam-forming agent in the third component (C) is at least 5 v%.

3. The foam-generating mixture of Claim 2, wherein the amount of the cyclohexyl-dimethylamine in the third component (C) is at least 2.5 v%.

4. The foam-generating mixture of Claim 3, wherein the amount of the benzyl-dimethylamine in the third component (C) is at least 2.5 v%.

5. Equipment (1 ) for the formation and dispensing a foam-generating mixture, which has a house (2), a pump (10) arranged in the house (2), a motor (M) driv- ing the pump ( 0), and has valves (7, 8, 9) connected to the pump (10), which valves can also be connected to the tanks (4, 5, 6) serving the storage of the components (A, B, C) of the foam-generating mixture, and the pump (10) is connected to a spray head (18a) with nozzle (18), characterized that the pump (10) is formed from at least two pump-houses (10a, 10b), and in each pump-house (10a, 10b) piston houses are arranged with the same design, and with the same number as the components (A, B, C), and the inlet (Bm) of each piston houses ( 3) is connected to the tanks (4, 5, 6), the outlet (Km) is connected to the mixing head (17) connected to the spray head (18), and the pistons (13a) of each pump-houses (10a, 10b) are fixed to a common piston-rod (11a), which is connected by bearing to the output shaft (Te) of the excen- ter drive (12), and the movement direction (N) of the pistons (13a) of the pump-house (10a) encloses an angle with the movement direction (N) of the pistons (13a) of the pump-house (10b).

6. The equipment (1 ) of Claim 5 which has two pump-houses (10a, 10b), and the movement direction (N1 ) of the pistons (13a) of the first pump-house (10a) encloses a right angle with the movement direction (N2) of the pistons (13a) of the second pump-house (10b).

7. The equipment (1 ) of Claim 5 which has n number of pump-houses

(10a, 10b), and the movement direction (Nn) of the pistons (13a) of the n^th pump- house (10n) encloses a 90 2^n"2 angle with the movement direction (Nn-1 ) of the pistons (13a) of the (n-1 )^th pump-house (10b).

8. The equipment (1 ) of Claim 6-7 in which between the mixing head (17) and the pump (10) a reversing valve-block (16) is connected to the mixing head (17) and the pump, per components (A, B, C).

9. Method for repairing the cavity (22) occurred in the insulation material (24) of the thermal insulation (19) of building boundary wall structures (19), during which the location and extension of the cavity (22) is determined, and the building boundary wall structure (19) is explored in the location of the cavity (22), and liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced into the cavity, characterized that during exploration at least one bore (F) is prepared on the wall surface (20, 21 ) of the boundary wall structure (19) falling on the area of the cavity, and the liquid foam-generating mixture is introduced into the cavity (22) through the bore (F) with steady p(x) pres- sure, while the residues of the insulation material (25) in the thermal insulation (24) cavity (22) are washed to the wall of the cavity (22), and/or enclosed by the foam- generating mixture.

10. Method of Claim 9, characterized that the localization and extension of the cavity (22) is determined by the evaluation of the thermal camera recording pre- pared about the wall structure (19), and the liquid foam-generating mixture is prepared by mixing the first component (A), second component (B) and third component (C), during which water glass is used as first component (A), polymethylene- polyphenyl-polyisocyanate is used as second component (B), and a mixture containing at least 65 v% tris(2-chloro-isopropyl)-phosphate, at most 10 v% benzyl- dimethylamine, at most 10 v% cyclohexyl-dimethylamine and at most 15 v% foam- forming agent is used as third component (C).

11. Method of Claim 10, characterized that the during of the exploration the cavity (22) is surrounded on the borderline of the cavity (22) with bores (F), drilled into the wall surface (20, 21 ) practically about 0.6-0.8 m away from each other, preferably with 16 mm diameter.

12. Method of Claim 11 , characterized that the during of the exploration bores (F) are made on the wall surface (20, 21 ) of the building boundary wall structure (19) in the range corresponding to the area of the cavity (22), about 0.6-0.8 m away from each other.

13. Method of Claim 2, characterized that a steady pressure is used which is preferably p(x) = Isin (x+90 2^(n"2))l, wherein x is the angular position of the piston (13a), n is the number of the pump-houses (10a, 10b).