EP2939556A1 - Helm, der an seine benutzungsbeanspruchungen angepasst ist - Google Patents

Helm, der an seine benutzungsbeanspruchungen angepasst ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2939556A1
EP2939556A1 EP15001282.1A EP15001282A EP2939556A1 EP 2939556 A1 EP2939556 A1 EP 2939556A1 EP 15001282 A EP15001282 A EP 15001282A EP 2939556 A1 EP2939556 A1 EP 2939556A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helmet
outer shell
skull
material forming
inner cap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15001282.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Wirthenstaetter
Kapil Harit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atomic Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Atomic Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atomic Austria GmbH filed Critical Atomic Austria GmbH
Publication of EP2939556A1 publication Critical patent/EP2939556A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/32—Collapsible helmets; Helmets made of separable parts ; Helmets with movable parts, e.g. adjustable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/10—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions for the head

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective helmet for sports activity. Such activities may include downhill skiing, ski touring or snowboarding.
  • the invention also extends to the practice of climbing, mountaineering, cycling or the practice of snowmobiling.
  • a helmet forms a protection of the head, to protect the skull of the shocks that it could undergo when the user makes a fall or when an object is projected in its direction.
  • a classic helmet construction includes an outer shell and an inner cap.
  • the outer shell is generally rigid, and is for example made by molding / injection of a thermoplastic material such as ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) or PC (PolyCarbonate).
  • the inner cap is made of an expanded material such as EPS (Expandable PolyStyrene) or EPP (Expandable PolyPropylene).
  • the helmet is generally equipped with an internal cap which may, for example, be made of foam covered with fabric. The inner cap is attached to the inside of the inner cap.
  • a helmet is intended to reduce the risk of injury to the skull of the user, while having the least weight possible to not affect the comfort of the user.
  • the standards EN 1077: 2007 (Europe) or ASTM F2040 (US) apply for the practice of alpine skiing and snowboarding.
  • EN 13781: 2012 (Europe) or FMVSS No. 218 (US) apply to the practice of snowmobiling.
  • Standard EN 12492: 2012 (Europe) applies to the practice of mountaineering and climbing.
  • the standard EN 1078: 2012 (Europe) or 16 CFR Part 1203 - CPSC (US) applies to the practice of cycling.
  • certification standards may vary depending on the geographical area, so it is difficult to adapt the same helmet geometry to these different standards.
  • the invention aims to solve one or more of these disadvantages.
  • An object of the invention is in particular to provide an improved helmet for a sporting practice.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide a helmet adapted to both penetration resistance and impact resistance constraints, while maintaining a reduced weight and manufacturing cost.
  • the invention also aims to allow the use of similar designs of helmets and the same manufacturing tools for different helmets for different sports activities, and therefore having to meet different certification standards.
  • the invention thus relates to a helmet for sporting practice.
  • the helmet includes an outer shell for positioning on a skull.
  • the outer shell comprises an upper portion for covering at least the top portion of the skull, the material forming the upper portion having mechanical properties adapted for the upper portion to meet a homologation standard defined for the intended use of the helmet and a lower portion secured to the upper part and extending continuously so as to cover at least partially the lateral and posterior parts of the skull, the lower part being made of a material having a modulus of elasticity different from that of the material forming the the top part.
  • This design optimizes the structure of the outer shell, providing a strengthening of the mechanical properties or damping locally, according to the normative requirements specific to a discipline. We can then have less stressed areas with more flexible characteristics. The result is a lighter and more economical helmet.
  • a part of the shell of a helmet dedicated to a discipline by another part made of a different material, one can design a helmet meeting the normative requirements of another discipline.
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating a helmet 1 for sports practice according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the helmet 1 comprises an outer shell 2 and an inner cap 3.
  • the inner cap 3 is housed in the internal volume of the rigid shell 2. It is fixed on the inner face of the rigid shell 2.
  • the inner cap 3 can be covered an internal cap, not shown.
  • the inner cap is for example made of foams surrounded by a fabric or only tissues.
  • the helmet 1 may also include a retention system, not shown here, including for example a chin strap or a head restraint system.
  • the helmet 1 is intended to wrap at least part of a skull that the helmet will protect.
  • a first protective area 211 covers the top of the skull. It is defined by an area covering an upper part of the frontal bone and an upper part of the parietal bone.
  • the lateral portions are defined by an area at least partially covering the sphenoid bone and the temporal bone.
  • the rear portion is defined by an area at least partially covering the occipital bone.
  • the helmets must meet specific tests defined by the standard associated with the discipline.
  • the helmet For the practice of alpine skiing and snowboarding, the helmet must withstand puncture tests on the top of the skull and must have adequate cushioning characteristics to withstand impact in one of the frontal, rear, side and top zones. .
  • a false head is placed inside the helmet and the helmet fitted, in an orientation at the discretion of the laboratory, of a given height. The acceleration measured at the head must remain below a determined threshold value.
  • the helmet For the practice of snowmobiling, the helmet must withstand puncture tests on the top of the skull and must have damping characteristics sufficient to withstand alternately double frontal and lateral impact. It should be noted that the perforation test is more severe than that carried out to homologate a ski helmet.
  • the helmet For the practice of mountaineering, the helmet must withstand puncture tests on the top of the skull and must have damping characteristics sufficient to withstand the impact of a projectile sent to the top of the skull. It should be noted that the perforation test is similar to that carried out to certify an alpine ski helmet.
  • the helmet For the practice of cycling, the helmet must have enough damping characteristics to pass the specific tests. These tests are similar to those performed for the homologation of an alpine helmet.
  • the top part of the helmet corresponding to the first protection zone 211, must have puncture resistance properties and damping properties.
  • the resistance to perforation is mainly achieved by the outer shell.
  • the damping is obtained by the combination of the outer shell and the inner cap.
  • the top part may have different mechanical properties from the other parts in order to optimize the structure while respecting the normative requirements. This is what the invention proposes by modifying the mechanical properties of the outer shell as a function of the protection zones.
  • the outer shell 2 has an upper portion 21 for covering at least the first protection zone 211 and a lower portion 22 extending continuously so as to cover at least partially the second protection zone 221.
  • the outer shell covers, at least in part, the frontal bone, the parietal bone, the occipital bone, the opposite sphenoid bones and the opposite temporal bones.
  • the upper part 21 can be defined by a minimum surface of the outer shell extending from its top (upper end), when the helmet is worn normally, right head, to a curve defined by the intersection between the outer shell and a plane shifted downward by a distance D of about thirty millimeters from the vertex. This distance D can vary between twenty-five and forty millimeters.
  • the upper portion extends beyond this minimum area.
  • the upper portion 21 provides protection against perforation and contributes to the damping in case of shocks.
  • the lower portion 22 provides satisfactory protection of the lower areas of the skull. It also limits the deformation of the outer shell 2 during side impacts by providing rigidity and resistance to the helmet.
  • the lower portion 22 In horizontal section at the level of the ears, the lower portion 22 has a U-shaped shape passing behind the skull.
  • the lower portion 22 belt the skull.
  • the lower part 22 defined above is extended towards the front of the helmet, then covering an anterior part of the frontal bone.
  • the lower portion 22 thus forms a ring which further stiffens the outer shell 2.
  • the helmet has a better hold when it is stressed laterally.
  • the lower portion 22 of the outer shell 2 extends continuously over a width advantageously at least equal to twenty millimeters so as to connect the opposite sphenoid bones through the occipital bone.
  • This width is, for example, between twenty and seventy millimeters in this area.
  • the lower portion 22 is integral with the upper portion 21.
  • the lower portion 22 and the upper portion 21 are formed in materials having different elastic moduli. With such a configuration, the lower portion 22 provides satisfactory protection of the areas it covers while stiffening the outer shell 2 by attaching it to the upper part 21. This rigidity brings the helmet to hold and avoids a sag of the upper part 21 which is connected to it. The attachment to the upper part 21 promotes the impact resistance of the outer shell 2.
  • the lower portion of the cap 2 is continuously attached to the upper portion 21 from a sphenoid bone to the opposite sphenoid bone through the occipital bone.
  • the upper part and the lower part thus form a single piece. This promotes structural cohesion between the upper 21 and lower 22 and therefore a better mechanical grip between the two parts.
  • it is preferentially used overmolding process or bi-injection, as will be detailed later.
  • the helmet thus comprises an overmolded or bi-injected outer shell, which gives it characteristics optimized to meet the standards of the targeted discipline.
  • the two parts can be removable between them, which makes it possible to change one part for another having different mechanical properties or if the part exchanged is damaged.
  • the upper part 21 is formed of a material having mechanical properties promoting a resistance to perforation, while the lower part 22 is formed in a material having a superior modulus of elasticity, to promote stiffness and impact resistance.
  • the damping characteristics of the helmet at the top impacts are generally dimensioning for the helmets. They are mainly determined by the mechanical properties of the inner cap.
  • the outer shell also influences these damping properties of the helmet.
  • the outer shell is mono material and very rigid, especially in the first protection zone. This stiffness penalizes the damping of the helmet for vertical shocks.
  • the invention applied to the alpine ski helmet, proposes to use a softer material, at least, at the first protection zone 211. Being more flexible, a portion of the vertical shock is absorbed by the outer shell.
  • the upper part can flare to damp the vertical shock.
  • the upper part 21 is made of a flexible material having a modulus of elasticity or Young's modulus between 100 and 1000 MPa.
  • this stress is preferably between 20 and 50 MPa.
  • the Shore D hardness of the material is advantageously between 50 and 75. It may be a PU (Polyurethane), a PP (PolyPropylene), an SBS (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene) or an SEBS (Styrene-Ethylene / Butylene- styrene).
  • the wall thickness of the upper portion 21 of the shell 2 is between one and three millimeters.
  • the lower portion 22 is made of a rigid material having a modulus of elasticity or Young's modulus between 900 and 2500 MPa. It can be PU (Polyurethane), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), PP (PolyPropylene) or PC (PolyCarbonate).
  • PU Polyurethane
  • ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
  • PP PolyPropylene
  • PC PolyCarbonate
  • the wall thickness of the lower portion 22 of the shell 2 is between one and three millimeters.
  • the modulus of elasticity, or Young's modulus, of the material forming the lower part 22 is less than one and a half times greater than that of the material forming the upper portion.
  • this ratio is greater than two.
  • the upper portion 21 and the lower portion 22 have the same thickness, of the order of two millimeters. It can also be envisaged that the lower and upper parts have different thicknesses, in order to stiffen certain areas.
  • the average thickness of the outer shell, apart from the local extra thicknesses, is less than five millimeters.
  • the upper portion 21 is advantageously sized to withstand the perforation tests of the EN 1077: 2007 standard for alpine helmets.
  • a material of sufficient thickness and sufficiently resilient is for example used to form the upper part 21 of the outer shell 2.
  • the helmet 1 can be designed to meet homologation standards defined for different sports, for example downhill skiing, snowmobiling, mountaineering or cycling.
  • the characteristics of the helmet can be adapted to the targeted activity, while maintaining the same helmet geometry.
  • a person skilled in the art can determine which material is most suitable for the upper part to satisfy a homologation standard defined for a particular use of the helmet. From the norms, he can deduce the mechanical properties that must be targeted in the choice of the material of the upper part.
  • This design makes it possible to envisage common tools for making common parts or parts using materials having similar formatting parameters.
  • the design can be optimized to locally obtain, where necessary, improved strength and / or damping, while maintaining a lighter structure.
  • the lower part 22 may comprise several zones made of different materials in order, for example, to locally reinforce the structure of the outer shell.
  • a first technology consists of producing the outer shell and the inner cap separately.
  • the inner cap 3 is distinct from the outer shell 2.
  • the inner cap is assembled in the outer shell by appropriate connecting means such as clips, fasteners, rivets, glue, VELCRO hooks ...
  • This technology offers the possibility to separate the inner cap of the outer shell if necessary. This may be useful, for example, to replace a deteriorated part.
  • thermoforming consists of producing the outer shell at first.
  • the shell is placed inside a mold in which a material is injected to produce the inner cap.
  • the inner cap is directly connected to the outer shell to form a one-piece piece having an average thickness greater than five millimeters. This chemical grip is inchtmontable. It allows an excellent connection between the two parts.
  • the invention applies to helmets made according to the first technology for which an outer shell is made independently of the inner cap, the outer shell comprising at least two upper and lower parts made of different materials.
  • the outer shell is made by an overmolding or bi-injection process. These technologies make it possible to obtain a one-piece shell. The chemical grip between the upper and lower parts is very good. The shell then has good mechanical strength and does not require or little recovery which provides an economical finish, suitable for the desired aesthetic.
  • the overmolding process consists in injecting, firstly, a first part. This first part forms an insert which is then placed in a mold into which the second part is injected.
  • the bi-injection process consists in simultaneously injecting the two materials into the same mold, in order to produce the complete shell. This technology makes it possible to obtain a better mechanical and chemical grip between the two parts. However, the price of tools is greater than for overmolding technology.
  • each part of the shell has a substantially constant thickness.
  • an excess thickness 24 is provided at the junction zone 23 between the two parts so that the two materials can mix better in order to increase the chemical and mechanical adhesion between the two parts.
  • the junction zone 23 extends over a width of less than thirty millimeters.
  • the thickness of this zone is substantially equal to the sum of average thicknesses of each assembled part.
  • it is less than four millimeters not to weigh down the helmet.
  • this extra thickness 24 projects in the internal volume of the outer shell 2.
  • the extra thickness protrudes from the inner surface of the outer shell 2 and extends inside said shell, in the direction of the outer shell. the user's head when the helmet is worn.
  • the outer surface of the outer shell is continuous, without asperities, which is sought for the aesthetics and aerodynamics of the helmet.
  • the inner cap 3 here comprises a groove 31 intended to receive the excess thickness 24.
  • the cooperation between the excess thickness 24 and the groove 31 promotes a relative positioning between the outer shell 2 and the inner cap 3, during the assembly of the helmet 1.
  • this allows a certain relative maintenance between the two parts, this cooperation limiting a relative movement of the cap relative to the hull.
  • the current helmet designs do not facilitate a precise positioning of the inner cap relative to the outer shell.
  • the excess thickness 24 makes it possible to form a stiffening strip at the junction between the upper part 21 and the lower part 22. This rigidity contributes to the good strength of the helmet and prevents sagging of the helmet when it is stressed.
  • the inner cap 3 forms an envelope covering a portion of the skull.
  • This envelope comprises in its inner part recesses 32 intended to receive removable cushions 4.
  • These cushions are fixed on the inner cap, in these recesses 32, by suitable fastening means, for example, an adhesive tape or hooks VELCRO type .
  • the cushions are deformable. It can be mosses.
  • These removable cushions are preferably positioned on the front part, the lateral parts, the rear part and the summit part of the inner surface of the inner cap. These cushions are used to improve the wearing comfort by allowing the setting of the helmet on the morphology of the skull of the user.
  • cushions can also be used to help dampen shocks by using suitable materials.
  • the helmet is shown without provision for ventilation.
  • the helmet may include such arrangements in the form of openings in the outer shell 2 and air ducts dug in the inner cap 3.
  • the outer shell is monobloc which allows to have a unitary piece having its own holding and therefore easier to handle.
  • the outer shell 2 is made by overmolding or bi-injection and the inner cap 3 is assembled to the outer shell by thermoforming, "in-mold” technology.
  • the inner cap 3 is continuously secured to the outer shell 2. It is not removable. This strengthens the cohesion between the elements of the helmet which makes the helmet unit more solid.
  • the invention is not limited to these embodiments. It is possible to combine these embodiments.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
EP15001282.1A 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Helm, der an seine benutzungsbeanspruchungen angepasst ist Withdrawn EP2939556A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1401016A FR3020560B1 (fr) 2014-04-30 2014-04-30 Casque adapte aux contraintes de son utilisation

Publications (1)

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EP2939556A1 true EP2939556A1 (de) 2015-11-04

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EP15001282.1A Withdrawn EP2939556A1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-04-30 Helm, der an seine benutzungsbeanspruchungen angepasst ist

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US (1) US20150313307A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2939556A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3020560B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106039685A (zh) * 2016-07-26 2016-10-26 张涛 一种用于跆拳道的聚氨酯防护头盔

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD777986S1 (en) * 2015-05-11 2017-01-31 Zedel Safety helmet
USD779126S1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-02-14 Oakley, Inc. Helmet
GB201621272D0 (en) 2016-12-14 2017-01-25 Mips Ab Helmet
US10602795B2 (en) * 2017-01-26 2020-03-31 Bell Sports, Inc. Helmet comprising a segmented shell
USD847438S1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-04-30 Oakley, Inc. Helmet
USD877420S1 (en) * 2017-10-11 2020-03-03 Zedel Safety helmet
USD858894S1 (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-09-03 Robert T. Bayer Protective inner shell for a helmet
US11540579B2 (en) * 2020-11-06 2023-01-03 Vault Protective Innovations, Inc. Energy dissipating protective gear
USD956360S1 (en) * 2021-08-04 2022-06-28 Jianjing Wu Ski helmet

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2962303A1 (fr) * 2010-07-09 2012-01-13 Strategic Sports Ltd Casque de protection amélioré pour la pratique des sports

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8191179B2 (en) * 2008-01-25 2012-06-05 Bauer Hockey, Inc. Hockey helmet with an outer shell made of two different materials

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2962303A1 (fr) * 2010-07-09 2012-01-13 Strategic Sports Ltd Casque de protection amélioré pour la pratique des sports

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106039685A (zh) * 2016-07-26 2016-10-26 张涛 一种用于跆拳道的聚氨酯防护头盔

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150313307A1 (en) 2015-11-05
FR3020560A1 (fr) 2015-11-06
FR3020560B1 (fr) 2016-05-27

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