EP2935843A1 - System zur steuerung eines verbrennungsmotors - Google Patents
System zur steuerung eines verbrennungsmotorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2935843A1 EP2935843A1 EP13812004.3A EP13812004A EP2935843A1 EP 2935843 A1 EP2935843 A1 EP 2935843A1 EP 13812004 A EP13812004 A EP 13812004A EP 2935843 A1 EP2935843 A1 EP 2935843A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- droop
- mode
- engine
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D31/00—Use of speed-sensing governors to control combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D31/00—Use of speed-sensing governors to control combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
- F02D31/007—Electric control of rotation speed controlling fuel supply
Definitions
- the invention relates to a control arrangement that controls generator sets when a grid trip occurs.
- the rest of the network (the main network) is often called grid.
- the reason for the disconnection can, for example, be a short circuit or malfunction of a big transformer in the grid.
- Local power networks are often provided with a grid breaker arrangement for connecting and disconnecting the local network with the grid.
- the local network is, for example, a power network of a factory.
- Figure 1 shows an example of a grid breaker arrangement having a grid breaker relay 3 that controls breakers 6 to switch on and/or off. If the local network 2 has to be disconnected from the grid due to a serious malfunction, the grid breaker relay reacts to the malfunction and drives the breakers.
- Figure 1 illustrates a normal situation wherein the local network is connected to the grid 1. As can be seen loads 5 and generator sets 4 in the local network are in connection with the grid. After the disconnection the local power network 2 with the loads 5 and the generator sets 4 forms a smaller power network being not in connection with the grid 1.
- the generator set 4 is a combination of a generator and a prime mover.
- the prime mover rotates the generator that provides electric energy.
- the prime mover can, for example, be a reciprocating piston engine.
- the engines/generator sets are normally run in a control mode that is called a kW mode when they are in connection with the grid. In the kW mode a control device does not need to control the engine's speed (i.e. grid frequency as well), because the grid frequency is supervised elsewhere. In the kW mode the control device controls the fuel demand of the engine by comparing a load setting value (load reference value) to the measured engine load.
- load setting value load reference value
- the local network may need to be disconnected from the grid.
- the control of the engines must be changed from the kW mode to a speed droop mode.
- the engines in the local network control also the frequency of the grid. Therefore, for example, the fuel demand of the engine is controlled by comparing a speed reference and a measured engine speed.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the principle of the droop function in the speed droop mode.
- a line 21 is a droop curve that defines what is a speed setting for different loads. For example, in 100 % load the speed setting (speed reference) for the engine is the value of the y-axis at point 23. As can be seen in the figure the speed setting decreases when the load increases or vice versa.
- the point 22 at the droop curve in zero load (the point at the y-axis) is called speed set point for the droop curve.
- the droop function changes the speed reference for the speed control of the engine.
- the droop function is used because otherwise the engines do not share the load.
- the speed droop control adjusts the speed reference for different loads it can be used for sharing loads between different engines. These features are utilized when the grid trip occurs.
- the slopes of the engine specific droop curves should be the same.
- the amount of load that the engine carries depends on the speed set point of the engine's droop curve. If the load of the local power network changes, the speed reference (the frequency reference as well) for the network is going to change as well. For offsetting the change of the speed reference i.e. returning the original speed (frequency) reference, the speed set points are adjusted.
- the grid trip is usually associated with large load changes that affect on the engines.
- the engine load changes rapidly and therefore also the engine's speed changes rapidly.
- a usual situations is that the load decreases.
- the initial position of the speed droop curve is calculated in such a way that the curve goes through the point of a measured load value of the engine and a measured speed value.
- the measured speed value is used as an initial speed reference value in the droop curve.
- the load sensor/measurement is slow creating delay.
- the reaction of the grid breaker relay is also delayed. Therefore when the grid breaker relay reacts the speed of the engine has increased significantly that affects to the position of the speed droop curve.
- the droop curve changes the speed reference higher in case where the load continues to decrease.
- the engine overspeeds easily in this kind of situation.
- the engine goes into over-speed that may cause a shutdown of the engine and a black out of the local grid.
- the object of the invention is to alleviate or even eliminate the problems said above.
- the object is achieved in a way described in the independent claims.
- Dependent claims illustrate different embodiments of the invention.
- the change of the control mode of the generator set in the local power network from the kW mode to the speed droop mode is arranged in a new way.
- the phase of changing comprises a delaying phase that in turn comprises parallel sub-phases to disable the droop function of the speed droop mode and keeping a speed reference value at a rated speed of the engine of the generator set. After the delaying phase an activation phase enables the droop function.
- Figure 1 illustrates an example of a connection arrangement between a main grid and a local network
- Figure 2 illustrates the principle of the speed droop mode
- Figure 3 illustrates an example of a control system to change the control of an engine from the kW mode to the speed droop mode according to the invention
- Figure 4 illustrates an example how the invention works at the grid trip situation
- Figure 5 illustrates a flow chart example of the method according to the invention. Description of the invention
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a control system according to the invention.
- a control device 36 controls power output of the generator set 34, 35 by comparing a power reference value 38 with a measured power value 37 in the output of the generator 35 of the generator set.
- the measured power value is transmitted to the control device 36 via a feedback loop.
- the comparison can, for example, provide a difference between the power reference value and the measured value.
- the difference is used for forming a control signal that is transmitted to the engine 34 of the generator set.
- the control signal can, for example, adjust a fuel supply to the engine, which changes a power production of the generator set.
- the kW mode cannot be used when the engine and the local network is disconnected from the grid.
- the control is changed to the speed droop mode in order that the engine can adjust the frequency of the local network with other possible engines that are connected to the local network.
- the main control unit 33 handles the change 318 of the control mode from the kW mode 31 to the speed droop mode 32.
- the changing is initiated when the main control unit receives info 314 about the disconnection.
- the disconnection info is transmitted, for example, from the grid breaker relay.
- a speed control device 310 is used to keep the engine's speed as close as possible a speed reference value 312.
- the measured speed value is transmitted to the control device 310 via a feedback loop.
- the comparison can provide a difference between the speed reference value and the measured value.
- the difference is used for forming a speed control signal that is transmitted to the engine 34 of the generator set.
- the control signal can, also in this case, adjust a fuel supply to the engine, which changes the speed of the output shaft of the engine.
- a speed droop control device 311 that adjust the speed reference value 312 by providing a reference adjustment signal 317 that is transmitted to the speed control device 310.
- the adjustment signal can increase or decrease the speed reference value.
- the speed droop control device receives a power measurement 316 from the output of the generator 35. The functioning of the speed droop control has been described above.
- the grid trip control system comprises a delaying unit 313 to disable a droop function of the speed droop control device 31 1 during a certain period, and a setting unit 315 to keep the speed reference value 312 in a rated speed of the engine of the generator set during said period.
- the disabling of the droop function can be achieved, for example, by keeping the droop % in zero percentage during the period.
- the droop curve is a horizontal line during the period.
- the delay unit 313 is situated in the speed droop control device 311 and the setting unit 315 in the main control unit 33. However they can be situated in another way as well.
- the delay unit can also be in the main control unit.
- the system is arranged to enable the droop function.
- the speed droop control device runs in the speed droop mode after the delay, it measures load of the generator set and utilizes the speed measurement of the engine for positioning the droop curve and offsetting the droop curve to the rated speed.
- Figure 4 illustrates how the invention works.
- the main control device 33 detects the disconnection of the local network from the grid and the control mode is changed from the kW mode to the speed droop mode.
- the speed reference is kept in the rated speed of the engine during the delay period.
- the droop function is also disabled during the delay.
- the grid and the local network has run at the reference speed or near. So, rated speeds of the engines are designed so that the speeds correspond the reference frequency of the power network through the generators of the generators sets.
- the disabling of the droop function prevents the increase of the speed reference value and therefore alleviates the possibility that the engine races. Keeping the reference speed at the rated speed stabilizes the control during the delay period.
- the transients of the grid trip occur at the beginning of the grid trip. At least larger transients occur during the delay.
- an activation phase begins when the droop function is enabled and the speed reference can be calculated according to the speed droop mode. The functioning during the delay period makes it possible that the control does not react too strongly to the transients and direct the engine to run at overspeed.
- the engine's load 43 decreases due to the grid trip.
- the load starts to decrease before the control mode is changed to the speed droop mode at moment 41.
- the engine's speed 44 starts to increase before the moment 41 as well.
- the rated speed is a nominal speed of the engine.
- the frequency of the generators output is a desired frequency of the local network, for example 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
- the speed control device drives the speed towards the rated speed.
- the stabilized engine speed can, for example, be determined by utilizing a speed range around the rated speed value having upper and lower values 45.
- the engine speed may, for example, vary between +- 1 % or +- 2% of the rated speed depending on the network and/or the engine itself.
- Speed can be defined to be stable is the engine speed is in the range. However, even if the engine speed is in the range it is practical, in addition, to have a stabilization time 46 during which period the engine speed is considered to be within the range.
- Figure 4 shows how the stabilization time 46 is in the delaying period.
- the stabilization time can, for example, be 1 - 10 seconds. If the engine speed remains within the range the delaying period can be ended. Otherwise, the delaying period is extended, for example, by another stabilization time, or the delaying period should be determined to be longer.
- the reference speed is kept or set to be at the rated speed during the whole delaying period.
- the speed droop mode is enabled and the reference speed is not just kept at the rated speed, but it is calculated according to the speed rate mode making it possible to share the load between the other engines in the local network.
- the time of the delay is selected to take into account the engine's size and type, the transients and load change at the grid trip, and the properties of the speed droop control mode.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart example of the inventive method for controlling a grid trip in an event of disconnection of the local power network from the grid.
- the method concerns the phase to change the control mode of the generator set in the local power network from the kW mode to the speed droop mode.
- the phase of changing comprises a delaying phase 51 that comprises parallel sub-phases to disable 53 the droop function of the speed droop mode and keeping 54 the speed reference value at the rated speed of the engine of the generator set.
- the method further comprises an activation phase 52 to enable 55 the droop function.
- a method can also comprise a speed range around the rated speed having upper and lower values 45.
- the speed of the engine is defined to be stable if the engine speed is in the range within a stabilization time 46.
- Figure 4 illustrates the stabilization time belongs to the delaying phase 51.
- the activation phase comprises functions to measure load of the generator set and speed of the engine, to position a droop curve using said measurements, and offsetting the droop curve to the rated speed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20126344 | 2012-12-20 | ||
PCT/FI2013/051171 WO2014096537A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2013-12-17 | A control system of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2935843A1 true EP2935843A1 (de) | 2015-10-28 |
EP2935843B1 EP2935843B1 (de) | 2021-07-21 |
Family
ID=49880816
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13812004.3A Active EP2935843B1 (de) | 2012-12-20 | 2013-12-17 | System zur steuerung eines verbrennungsmotors |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2935843B1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102017934B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN104870787B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014096537A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106605347A (zh) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-04-26 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | 在速度控制模式或负载控制模式下驱动动力引擎单元并更改控制模式的控制方法和系统 |
DE102021206425B3 (de) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-11-17 | Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH | Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung einer eine Brennkraftmaschine und einen mit der Brennkraftmaschine antriebswirkverbundenen Generator umfassenden Leistungsanordnung, Regelanordnung mit einer solchen Regeleinrichtung, Leistungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Regelung einer Leistungsanordnung |
DE102021206419B3 (de) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-11-24 | Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH | Regeleinrichtung zur Regelung einer eine Brennkraftmaschine und einen mit der Brennkraftmaschine antriebswirkverbundenen Generator umfassenden Leistungsanordnung, Regelanordnung mit einer solchen Regeleinrichtung, Leistungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Regelung einer Leistungsanordnung |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05263687A (ja) * | 1992-03-23 | 1993-10-12 | Zexel Corp | 内燃機関の回転速度制御方法 |
JP2003041973A (ja) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-02-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | 機関駆動式発電機の制御装置及び制御方法、並びに機関駆動式発電機の制御プログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
GB2412751B (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2006-05-24 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for controlling and regulating an IC-engine/generator unit |
US7038329B1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-02 | Utc Power, Llc | Quality power from induction generator feeding variable speed motors |
US7578658B2 (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2009-08-25 | General Electric Company | Control for integrating compressor-turbine-motor train with power grid |
AT507513B1 (de) * | 2007-06-20 | 2014-06-15 | Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og | Stationäre brennkraftmaschine |
FI121318B (fi) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-09-30 | Waertsilae Finland Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto polttomoottorin nopeuden säätämiseksi |
US8912672B2 (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2014-12-16 | Cummins Power Generator IP, Inc. | Control of an engine-driven generator to address transients of an electrical power grid connected thereto |
US8219256B2 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2012-07-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bang-bang controller and control method for variable speed wind turbines during abnormal frequency conditions |
US9388753B2 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2016-07-12 | General Electric Company | Generator control having power grid communications |
US8768529B2 (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2014-07-01 | General Electric Company | Grid frequency rate limiting system |
DE102011076073B4 (de) * | 2011-05-18 | 2013-01-03 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Steuerung und Regelung eines Brennkraftmaschinen-Generator-Systems, Einrichtung zur Steuerung und Regelung sowie Brennkraftmaschinen-Generator-System und Land- oder Wasserfahrzeug oder stationäre Anlage zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie |
-
2013
- 2013-12-17 CN CN201380065024.9A patent/CN104870787B/zh active Active
- 2013-12-17 EP EP13812004.3A patent/EP2935843B1/de active Active
- 2013-12-17 WO PCT/FI2013/051171 patent/WO2014096537A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-12-17 KR KR1020157019422A patent/KR102017934B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2014096537A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104870787B (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
KR20150093848A (ko) | 2015-08-18 |
KR102017934B1 (ko) | 2019-09-03 |
CN104870787A (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
WO2014096537A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
EP2935843B1 (de) | 2021-07-21 |
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