EP2929197A1 - Lager- und antriebs-system - Google Patents
Lager- und antriebs-systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP2929197A1 EP2929197A1 EP13811762.7A EP13811762A EP2929197A1 EP 2929197 A1 EP2929197 A1 EP 2929197A1 EP 13811762 A EP13811762 A EP 13811762A EP 2929197 A1 EP2929197 A1 EP 2929197A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- control
- drive system
- rotor
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0442—Active magnetic bearings with devices affected by abnormal, undesired or non-standard conditions such as shock-load, power outage, start-up or touchdown
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0444—Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0489—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of five degrees of freedom, e.g. two radial magnetic bearings combined with an axial bearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0493—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement integrated in an electrodynamic machine, e.g. self-bearing motor
- F16C32/0497—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement integrated in an electrodynamic machine, e.g. self-bearing motor generating torque and radial force
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
- F16C2361/55—Flywheel systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a storage and drive system with at least one electric machine including control, wherein the bearing force of the respective storage degree of freedom
- Machine can be actively influenced, and with a non-contact, actively influenced storage including control.
- Phase currents and a special control in addition to the drive torque can generate radial and / or axial bearing forces are used to dispense with a dedicated radial or axial magnetic bearing can.
- the invention provides a storage and drive system as stated above, which is characterized in that the control of the machine has two operating modes, one of which operating mode minimizing the force influences of the electric machine on the respective Lagerissersgrade and the other operating ⁇ mode an active bearing force generation of the electrical
- Machine (s) for bearing support causes, and that a detection and switching unit for switching between the two operating modes in case of exceeding or falling below a pregiven ⁇ limit value of at least one operating parameter is provided, with a control or control unit for the machine and the storage is connected.
- Switching unit for detecting a deviation of the rotor or armature of the machine from a geometric center position
- control or control unit provides an asymmetrical energization of the coils of the machine based on a stored map or model together with observers.
- the deflection and / or the deflection speed of the rotor or armature and / or the acceleration of the housing of the machine are predetermined as operating parameters.
- It can in principle be an operating parameter alone or else a weighted combination of several operating parameters when a predetermined or undershot value is exceeded
- Switching unit (52 ⁇ , 52 ") is set up, the switching of the operating mode in the case of multiple operating parameters based on a weighted combination of operating parameters.
- electrical machines is maximized; when the electric machines by means of the power distribution device be controlled in such a way that the overall efficiency of the electrical machines including control is maximized; or when the electrical machines are driven by the power sharing means to minimize the operating temperature of power converters driving the electrical machines.
- Machine housing can be minimized.
- the present system can rotatory or
- the system is particularly advantageous if it is designed with a flywheel energy storage system (Flywheel Energy Storage System-FESS).
- the invention enables optimal in terms of overall efficiency and storage precision with maximum immunity to power operation of systems that have at least one electric machine together with control and a non-contact, actively influenced storage including control, with an increase in the total energy efficiency of the storage and drive system by means of an automatic Detection and switching unit in conjunction with a control or
- (automatic) detection and switching unit is to be understood generally and should not only refer to specific switches, but also others
- Realizations e.g. include software solutions, fuzzy control solutions, etc.
- the electric machine together with control is designed in such a way that an active influence on the bearing force of the
- Control unit determine the operating mode - depending on the current operating point or condition of the storage and drive system - at least the electrical machine (s) in terms of "free of force” and “bearing force generating”; in the presence of a plurality of electrical machines, these units dictate the take-up power distribution between these electric machines. As switching condition, the deviation of the structure (rotor or armature) from the
- the operating mode "force-free” causes energization of the individual coils of the electric machine (s) in such a way that the forces of the electric machine (s) are minimized despite deflection of the rotor from the geometric center position in the direction of the respective bearing degrees of freedom rotary bearing and drive system in its inertial main axis without
- Another operating mode causes an active if necessary
- Disturbance force rise rates possible without the additional use of the electric machine (s) as a bearing support would lead to strong deviations of the structure of the respective target position, or it is a weaker dimensioning of the dedicated storage possible, which in turn has lower losses.
- the switching between the different modes of operation may, depending on the operating state of the storage and drive system, e.g. be accomplished as follows:
- Switching unit and the control unit are carried out so that a power split between several electric machines. This can e.g. be executed with a higher-level separate controller module or with an integrated into the drive control module, which the manipulated variable as a function of
- Pulse width The ratio of required output power to output power with maximum
- Pulse width P e iS y S tem /
- the division of the intake / delivery performance of the individual machines acting in the system is such that the sum total of the best possible
- the function ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ) can be adapted, for example, by a polynomial or by splines to measured curves or to simulation results, whereby the optimization can be carried out online.
- the power sharing in advance can be adapted, for example, by a polynomial or by splines to measured curves or to simulation results, whereby the optimization can be carried out online.
- a bearing function / bearing support of the drive with respect to the forces acting on the center of gravity requires the use of at least one storable electric machine which is arranged as close as possible to the center of gravity or optimally in the center of gravity.
- the target position or the target orbit can either be in
- a higher-level controller Pre-determined or predetermined by a higher-level controller.
- This superordinate controller searches for a setpoint position or the desired orbit, which in sum the least required currents in the radial bearings and the / the electrical machine (s) results.
- the currents of bearings and electrical machines can be detected for each operating point and the desired position or the target orbit can be found by means of minimization algorithm. For example, this small changes in the desired position or the target orbit can be performed, and the resulting change in the sum of the average currents can be used to optimize for each operating point.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a rotary bearing
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a unit for digital regulation and power electronics for the system according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows in a schematic cross section as an example a switched reluctance motor (SRM) with six stator poles and four rotor poles (short: 6/4 SRM), as provided in the system according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
- SRM switched reluctance motor
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the structure of an active radial magnetic bearing;
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary circuit diagram of a 2-quadrant converter of a DC link for controlling the SRM and magnetic coil coils;
- Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a SRM phase control and energization unit as may be used in the machine control and drive of Fig. 7;
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a machine control and control unit as shown in the digital control and power electronics unit of FIG. 2
- Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a unit for the
- Axialmagnetlager-control and -An suedung, as it can be used in the digital control and power electronics of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 11 shows a force diagram comparable to FIG. 10, but at a constant one in contrast to FIG.
- 12 is a diagram showing the required current correction A / 0 for various desired currents in order to achieve a force-free operation
- 13 is a graph showing the force / current dependency of an exemplary SRM
- Figure 14 is a schematic of a FESS similar to Figure 1, but in outer rotor design, with a conical magnetic bearing;
- Fig. 15 is a block diagram of a unit for controlling and driving a conical magnetic bearing as shown in Fig. 14, wherein the illustration in Fig. 15 is similar to that in Figs. 6 and 7;
- Fig. 16 is a diagram similar to that of Fig. 1, but now for a system with two switched reluctance motors;
- 17 is a diagram illustrating the efficiency ⁇ of a switched reluctance motor as a function of the electric power P;
- FIG. 18 shows a schematic view in axial section of an arrangement with a shaft which is radially supported at its upper end and lower end by means of active air bearings;
- 19 is a perspective view of a magnetic
- FIG. 20 shows an axial diagram of this linear drive according to FIG. 19, which is based on the reductant principle
- FIGS. 19 and 20 are diagrams of a digital control and power electronics unit of FIGS. 19 and 20
- FIG. 1 is shown schematically as an example of a rotary bearing and drive system 1, specifically in the form of a FESS 1 with active magnetic bearing and with an electric machine 2 in the form of an SRM motor 2, is shown.
- the engine 2 together flywheel 3 is mounted within a container 4.
- the shaft 5 carrying the flywheel 3, ie the rotor 5, is mounted at both ends in a respective radial active magnetic bearing 6, 7, which together define a non-contact, actively influenceable bearing 6-7 for the rotor 5.
- Thrust bearing 9 Thrust bearing 9
- a radial position sensor 10 and a
- Stator carrier sleeve 12 and 13 illustrated. Moreover, usual fishing camps 14 and 15 are shown.
- the Axialmagnetlagerung 8, 9 is also an active, non-contact storage.
- downstream analog / digital converter 20 is provided.
- the calculation and provision of the required currents is performed in the digital control and power electronics unit 17.
- sensor signals concerning positions, Rotor angle, rotor speed and temperature of the unit 16 supplied from the machine part.
- the flywheel 3 drives the rotor 5 and thus loads the system 1.
- the radial electromagnet bearings 6, 7 and the two axial bearings 8, 9 are mounted in the upper and lower carrier sleeves 12, 13.
- the fishing camp 14 is a mechanical bearing that at a
- the flywheel 3 runs inside the evacuated housing 4; this housing 4 further serves as a carrier for the various sensors, such as
- the radial and axial position sensors 10, 11 for example, the radial and axial position sensors 10, 11; on the representation of other conventional per se sensors, such as for the rotor speed, the rotor angle and the
- Rotor 5 the electric machine 2 lead, whereby this generates additional forces in conventional energization, which in turn must be compensated by the magnetic bearings 6, 7, whereby their energy consumption would increase again.
- the invention enables an operating mode of the electric machine 2 to minimize these forces, whereby the efficiency of the magnetic bearings 6, 7 increases and a longer storage period can be achieved.
- the switched reluctance motor (SRM) 2 has, as shown in FIG. 3, a stator 25 to which coils are mounted, and the rotor 5, which has pronounced poles.
- Fig. 3 shows an SRM 2 with six stator and four rotor poles. Due to the rotor shape, an angular dependence of the magnetic resistance (the reluctance) arises because the air gap changes with the angle of rotation of the rotor 5.
- Coils la, lb; 2a, 2b; 3a, 3b an excitation field can thus be generated, which the rotor 5 follows synchronously, since this aims at an angular position having a minimal reluctance.
- This 2-quadrant converter 26 has a left and a right half bridge 27 and 28, each with a diode D and a transistor T.
- the converter 26 supplies a load 29 which is a coil of the electric motor 2 or the magnetic bearings 6, 7.
- the transistors T are driven by a pulse width modulation (PWM) (not illustrated in detail in FIG. 5).
- PWM pulse width modulation
- Rotor speed (by bar marks on the rotor and optical detection or by tooth profile and eddy current sensor or inductive sensor)
- Rotor angle position ⁇ (either via absolute encoders, for example based on the Hall principle, or incrementally from the speed signal). With incremental acquisition, the current angular position is calculated
- DSP Signal processor
- ⁇ micro-controller
- the actuator i. the respective bearing, e.g. 6, is designed as a Y-arrangement (three electromagnets with separate flux density paths in 120 ° pitch, see FIG. 4), which is the minimum number of electromagnets for the
- Fig. 4 shows by way of example a structure of a radial active magnetic bearing, e.g. It consists of a rotor, namely the rotor 5, and a stator 31, which in turn is constructed with three electromagnets. On each electromagnet, a coil (coil 6.1, coil 6.2 and coil 6.3) is mounted, which over both
- the scheme operates according to, for example, Betschon F.: Design Principles of Integrated Magnetic Bearings, Diss. ETH No. 13643, Dissertation, ETH Zurich, 2000; or Schweitzer G., Maslen E.H .: Magnetic Bearings Theory, Design and Application to Rotating Machinery, Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2009; described "unbalance control", which rotates the rotor 5 in its inertial main axis, whereby the
- filter 32 with adaptive coefficients (see Fig. 8) is used to filter the portion of the position sensor signal caused by the imbalance of the rotor 5, whereby the
- Downstream position controller 33 here designed as a simple digitally implemented PID controller, not on the Deviation due to imbalance reacts, but only on the remaining signal component.
- the static zero position is determined by the integral part of a superordinate controller 71, which is the middle one
- Unbalance proportion reduced position sensor signal used, but the actual signal (actual position), whereby the rotor 5, as well as possible with the available bearing forces and the control, in the target position (here: center position) is brought.
- the position controller 33 calculates a desired force in the x and y directions.
- the desired current of each of the three electromagnets of the respective radial bearing actuator (6 or 7) is determined by interpolation from a map (s.
- Block 34 in Fig. 8 "map" lAMBij, is intended to determine (F x , AMBij ⁇ F y AMB ij, s X A M Bij ⁇ s y, AMBij))
- the target current of each electromagnet is dependent on the rotor displacement and The required currents are stored by means of
- subordinate current regulators 56 which may be designed as a proportional controller for simplicity, signal limiters 57, pulse width modulators 58 and 2-quadrant converters 26 (see Fig. 5) in the individual coils of the actuator 6 and 7 embossed.
- the coil currents are measured by means of current sensors and fed to the regulators digitized.
- the electric machine 2 also has two operating modes
- FIG. 6 shows the control concept of one phase of the SRM 2.
- the SRM phase control and control 35 are shown in detail in Fig. 6.
- the controller specifications are indicated by a higher-level controller 50, which is shown in FIG shown in Fig. 7.
- the current correction ⁇ ⁇ is calculated in a unit 36, which is added or subtracted from the desired current IsRMij, soii the switch-on and switch-off angle ⁇ o or 6 0 are determined by the setpoint power PsRMij, which is likewise predetermined by the higher-order controller 50 (see FIG.
- the target power is determined by an angular velocity (w) -dependent map in
- a switching logic 38 then specifies whether the respective phase is to be energized if the current angle is within the on and off angle.
- the current control error e SRM jj a of the coil yes and e SRM jjb the coil jb (with j l, 2, 3 ...) formed and the current controller 39 and 40, respectively.
- the current control error is the difference between the sensor signal IsRMija or IsRMijb of the current flowing current
- the output of the current regulator 39 or 40 is limited to the permissible PWM range (see limiter 41, 42) and fed to the associated pulse width modulator (PWM) 43 or 44, which activates the power converters 26 (see FIG.
- PWM pulse width modulator
- the power amplifiers 26 are thus controlled via pulse width modulation 43, 44 whose duty cycle through the
- the current controller 39, 40 is usually designed as a P or PI controller, wherein the control parameters, if enough computing power of the motor controller 50 is available, adaptive as a function of the
- the "switching logic" block 38 in FIG. 6 specifies at which angular positions the respective phase, with the currents predetermined separately for the two coils, should be excited.
- the current specification of the current controller consists of two parts.
- "offline" determined maps are stored, which include the necessary power and on and off angle depending on the target power and the current speed. This current is added or subtracted to a correction current calculated in the "current correction” block 36.
- the function of this block 36 as well as the calculations contained therein will be described in more detail below.
- FIG. 2 (and also FIG. 14) schematically illustrates the desired intermediate voltage specification 26.
- Control 50 shown.
- the current translational position of the electric machine 2 or i in the x and y direction, s x SRM j or s y SRM j, and the corresponding setpoint positions s x SRM i , SO n and s y, SRM j, respectively , are supplied SO n as well as the current one
- Position controller 51 provides a force to bring the rotor 5 in the target position, and by a force distribution, the target force F SRM jj is formed for the respective phase.
- an operation mode switching unit 52 may be interposed by a higher-level controller shown in FIG.
- Coordinate transformation unit 53 converts the force vector into the local coordinate system of the respective phase.
- a power controller 54 From the voltage regulation error e y, a power controller 54 forms a setpoint power for the respective phase PsRMij / which is necessary in order to maintain the required DC link voltage at its desired value with appropriate dynamics.
- the desired powers and forces are the SRM phase control and -an Kunststoffung 35, s. Fig. 6, supplied.
- Input variables are the current rotor position at the bearing point i in the x and y direction, s x AMB j or s y AMB i, and their desired values s X, AMB i, S oll or Sy , AMB i, S oll and the predetermined by the controller shown in Fig. 2 operating mode.
- Input variables are the current rotor position at the bearing point i in the x and y direction, s x AMB j or s y AMB i, and their desired values s X, AMB i, S oll or Sy , AMB i, S oll and the predetermined by the controller shown in Fig. 2 operating mode.
- Operation mode is supplied to the position controller 33, which sets the target force of the magnetic bearings, F x AMB j and F y AMB j, the actual rotor position or the reduced by means of the adaptive FIR filter 32 by the unbalance position signal.
- the required nominal current I A MBij, soll of the electromagnet j of the magnetic bearing i is calculated via the map unit 34.
- FIG. 9 also shows the control / activation 60 of the axial magnetic bearing 8, 9 (FIG. 1).
- the position control error e AxB Pos formed from the current axial position s z and its setpoint is minimized by a position controller 61.
- the output of this regulator 61 is the setpoint force in the axial direction, F z so u, which is converted by a map unit 62 in a corresponding desired current AXBI, SO11 or AXB2, SO11 and power regulators 63 is supplied.
- the control error e I AxB j of the respective current regulator 63 is formed from the desired current and the measured value AxB j of the flowing current.
- Index j designates the respective coil (see also Fig. 2).
- the outputs of the current regulator 63 are limited (limiter 64) and supplied to the PWM 65, which controls the power electronics.
- FIG. 2 illustrates in detail the digital control and power electronics 17 of the Flywheel Energy Storage System 1 (FESS) shown in FIG. It is a
- the target positions of the thrust bearing AxB (or 8, 9 in Fig. 1), the radial magnetic bearing AMB1 and AMB2 (or 6, 7 in Fig. 1) and for the electric machine SRM1 (or 2 in FIG 1). These target positions as well as the operating mode dependent on the current system behavior are sent to the subordinate controller structures 60:
- Fig. 11 shows the radial forces F (N) at constant
- the required current correction AI 0 (i4) as a function of the angle for different nominal current specifications can be seen in FIG. 12.
- the current eccentricity is from the
- Position sensors e.g. 10, 11, and the center of the respective electric machine taken into account.
- the necessary correction of the desired current is calculated in the current correction block 36 (see FIG. 6) and added or subtracted in accordance with the desired value.
- Position controller 51 which may be designed as a PID controller determined, and divided into the individual phases (see Fig. 7).
- a favorable arrangement for the electric machine is at the center of gravity of the rotor 5, as this allows the dedicated bearings to be substantially relieved in the "stored" mode
- An arrangement of the electric machine outside of the center of gravity reduces the bearing effect and it becomes one
- Operating mode an operating state-dependent switching between the operating modes of both the storage 6, 7 and the electric machine.
- Switching occurs when the limits of one or more operating parameters are exceeded or fallen below.
- the acceleration of the FESS housing 4 or the deflection of the rotor 5 from the desired position can be used in the following way:
- the generation of force is effected only by means of non-contact storage in the "unbalance control" mode, i.e. by means of the bearing of the rotor 5 in its main axis of inertia.
- the electric machine 2 is operated without force in order to influence the magnetic bearings 6, 7 as little as possible.
- Weighting factor a Weighting factor a
- weighting factor b deflection speed
- Non-contact storage in the "unbalance control" operation that is, the storage of the rotor 5 in its inertia main axis.
- the electric machine 2 is again operated free of force to the magnetic bearings 6, 7 as little as possible to influence.
- the required total electrical power of the system 1 is based on the deviation of the actual
- the DC link voltage is galvanically isolated by means of an isolation amplifier, filtered and digitized and fed to the power regulator.
- This can for example be designed as a PID controller and in the microcontroller 30 of the control 17 of the electrical
- the axial magnetic bearing is according to the prior art, as shown in Fig. 9, executed.
- the operation is analogous to the radial magnetic bearing, except that no unbalance control is performed.
- reference is again made to the illustration of the digital control and power electronics 17 according to FIG. 2, where the input side units 70 (for the axial setpoint position calculation) and 71 (for the radial setpoint position calculation) are illustrated.
- the radial bearings 6, 7 - AMB1, AMB2 (AMB - Active Magnet Bearing - active magnetic bearing) - to the thrust bearings 8, 9 (or AxB) and the machine 2 or SRM 1, the in Figs. 8, 9 and 6, blocks 55, 60 and 35, respectively, are shown.
- Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate the control
- Control is provided for three electromagnets which are arranged offset by 120 ° on the stator (see Fig. 14).
- Fig. 14 shows a FESS 1 similar to Fig. 1, but in outer rotor design and with the cited conical
- PMSM Permanent magnet-excited synchronous machine
- Permanent magnets are supported by the composite material of the rotor 5 ⁇ .
- Electromagnets (three per rotor end) a complete
- magnetically magnetic material produced magnetic bearings.
- the rotor position is in this embodiment by means of four, each also inclined arranged
- Eddy current sensors detected At each end of the rotor, two of these sensors 10 ⁇ , 11 ⁇ are placed, wherein the planes are spanned by the respective sensor axis and the central axis of the flywheel 3 ⁇ , each normal to each other.
- the "conical bearing control and control" 80 (see also Fig. 15, except Fig. 14) is analogous to the radial magnetic bearing control and -an horrung 55 in Fig. 8.
- an active magnetic bearing type FESS system 1 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, except that now several - e.g. two - electric machines 2.1, 2.2 are provided in the form of SRMs. Accordingly, two control and drive blocks 35, one for each of the two electrical machines 2.1, 2.2, are provided. Otherwise, the embodiment corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that reference may be made to the description there.
- the associated controller can, for example, again be embodied as a PI controller and be integrated in the microcontroller (see, for example, ⁇ 17 in FIG. 1) of the regulation of the electrical machines (blocks 35).
- the above-described power distribution between the electric machines 2.1, 2.2 by means of pulse width modulation of the drive power can, for example, again be embodied as a PI controller and be integrated in the microcontroller (see, for example, ⁇ 17 in FIG. 1) of the regulation of the electrical machines (blocks 35).
- Machines are arranged coaxially with each other.
- An advantage of providing two or more electric machines is that - as mentioned above - an independent one
- Power control can be provided, in which case a device for dividing the power is provided on the machines, which can be realized for example in accordance with FIG. 16 by the units 17 and 35. With the aid of this power distribution, the machines, e.g. 2.1, 2.2, are controlled such that a maximum
- Machines including control is achieved. Furthermore, it is conceivable to monitor the power converters (26 in FIG. 5) with regard to their operating temperature, wherein the device for power distribution then controls the machines in such a way that the lowest possible operating temperature of the
- the rotor 5 is in its first operating mode
- the electrical machines 2.1, 2.2 are operated in this operating mode "without force.”
- the deflections of the rotor 5 are determined by the geometric relationship of
- Position sensor 10 to electrical machine 2.1 or 2.2 or bearing 6, 7 determined. Again, there is a switch to the second mode of operation (bearing force generation of
- Fig. 17 is generally complementary to the efficiency ⁇ of an SRM motor 2 in response to the electrical
- a rotor shaft 5 is shown, which is supported at the upper and lower ends respectively by means of an active air bearing 6 ⁇ and 7 ⁇ . Furthermore, in turn, two electric machines 2.1, 2.2 for driving the rotor shaft fifth
- These electric machines 2.1, 2.2 may in turn be SRM or PMSM machines, or any other suitable machines.
- FIG. 18 The representation of an axial bearing has been omitted in FIG. 18 for the sake of simplicity; it may be embodied, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 or as shown in FIG. 16. If in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, a rotary bearing and drive system with air bearing and two electric machines is shown, could
- Air bearing whereby the machine or machines 2.1, 2.2 are operated "force-free".
- FIGS. 19 to 21 as a further exemplary embodiment, a translational bearing and drive system with active magnetic bearing and an electrical machine (SRM) is shown.
- SRM electrical machine
- Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view of a magnetically supported linear drive unit 90; the associated digital control and power electronics 91 is illustrated in FIG. 21; Fig. 20 shows in detail schematically a linear machine 92, which is based on the reluctance principle, as a drive, with a rotor or armature 95.
- the representation of distance sensors, etc. has been omitted for reasons of clarity.
- the magnetic storage takes place by means of electromagnets according to the prior art.
- four bearing magnets are combined according to an axis.
- the drive (92 in Fig. 20) has a left stator 98 and a right stator 97, see. except Fig. 19 also Fig. 20.
- the vertical bearing axis Axl operates independently with the magnets AxlA, AxlB.
- the axis Ax2, with the magnets Ax2A, Ax2B, Ax2C and Ax2D performs the upper bearing of the plate-shaped rotor 95;
- the axis Ax3, with the magnets Ax3A, Ax3B, Ax3C and Ax3D (Ax3B is hidden in FIG. 19), realizes the lower bearing of the disk rotor 95.
- excitation coils la, lb; 2a, 2b; and 3a, 3b are attached to form the electromagnets 99.
- stator 97, 98 By in Fig. 20 in particular apparent stator (stator 97, 98) is formed as mentioned a
- Fig. 21 the digital control and power electronics 91 is illustrated in an abstracted block diagram. Similar to the previous embodiments, which relate to rotary systems, the sub-blocks are also executed according to FIG. 21 for the control of the bearing axes and the electric machine, with the difference that
- Block 91 in Fig. 21 analogous to the preceding embodiments a
- a detection and switching unit 52 ⁇ , 52 ⁇ ⁇ again serves to detect the overshoot or undershoot of a predetermined limit for at least one
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50555/2012A AT513640B1 (de) | 2012-12-04 | 2012-12-04 | Lager- und Antriebs-System |
PCT/AT2013/050232 WO2014085839A1 (de) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-03 | Lager- und antriebs-system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2929197A1 true EP2929197A1 (de) | 2015-10-14 |
Family
ID=49880325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13811762.7A Withdrawn EP2929197A1 (de) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-03 | Lager- und antriebs-system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2929197A1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT513640B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014085839A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018122576A1 (de) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | EneRes Ltd. Harneys Services (Cayman) | Magnetlagerung und Schwungradspeicher |
CN109378930B (zh) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏大学 | 一种基于新型磁斥力混合磁轴承的外转子车载飞轮储能装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5424595A (en) * | 1993-05-04 | 1995-06-13 | General Electric Company | Integrated magnetic bearing/switched reluctance machine |
US6727618B1 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2004-04-27 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Administrator Of National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Bearingless switched reluctance motor |
US20060238053A1 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2006-10-26 | The University Of Toledo | Conical bearingless motor/generator |
JP4558367B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | エドワーズ株式会社 | 真空ポンプ及びその制御方法 |
DE102008038787A1 (de) * | 2008-08-13 | 2010-02-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fluidenergiemaschine |
FR2936287B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-22 | 2018-06-22 | Soc De Mecanique Magnetique | Pompe turbomoleculaire a montage souple |
AT508191B1 (de) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-04-15 | Univ Wien Tech | Aktorsystem |
KR101020994B1 (ko) * | 2009-05-28 | 2011-03-09 | 경성대학교 산학협력단 | 하이브리드 극 구조의 베어링리스 스위치드 릴럭턴스 모터 |
-
2012
- 2012-12-04 AT ATA50555/2012A patent/AT513640B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2013
- 2013-12-03 WO PCT/AT2013/050232 patent/WO2014085839A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-12-03 EP EP13811762.7A patent/EP2929197A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014085839A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2014085839A1 (de) | 2014-06-12 |
AT513640B1 (de) | 2014-08-15 |
AT513640A1 (de) | 2014-06-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE602004003793T2 (de) | Optimierung des phasenschiebewinkels für die regelung eines bürstenlosen motor | |
EP1634368B1 (de) | Verfahren und dämpfungsvorrichtung zur dämpfung einer torsionsschwingung in einem rotierenden antriebsstrang | |
AT508191B1 (de) | Aktorsystem | |
DE112018004917T5 (de) | Motorsystem und Steuerungsverfahren | |
EP0263110B1 (de) | Maschine mit magnetgelagertem rotor und elektrischer radialfeldmaschine | |
EP2721730A2 (de) | Verfahren zum steuern einer windenergieanlage | |
DE112013005190T5 (de) | Verbesserungen bei elektrischen Servolenksystemen | |
DE2338307A1 (de) | Elektromagnetischer antrieb fuer drehkoerper | |
DE102009046583A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Plausibilisieren des Drehmomentes einer elektrischen Maschine und Maschinenregler zur Regelung einer elektrischen Maschine und zur Durchführung des Verfahrens | |
DE102010043492A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung fremderregter Synchronmaschinen | |
EP2817526B1 (de) | Magnetische lagerung mit kraftkompensation | |
EP2304256B1 (de) | Aktorsystem | |
AT513640B1 (de) | Lager- und Antriebs-System | |
EP2131052A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Lagern eines Körpers mit einer Magnetlageranordnung | |
DE2337696C3 (de) | Magnetische Vorrichtung, insbesondere für ein Schwungrad | |
DE10326816A1 (de) | Verfahren und Dämpfungsvorrichtung zur Dämpfung einer Torsionsschwingung in einem rotierenden Antriebsstrang | |
EP0989315B1 (de) | Magnetische Lagervorrichtung | |
DE102018109285A1 (de) | Elektromotor mit kontinuierlich variablen magnetischen eigenschaften und verfahren zur steuerung derselben | |
DE102021102666A1 (de) | Regelkreissteuerung für den transienten betrieb von elektrischen maschinen mit variablem fluss und permanentmagneten | |
DE102015202594A1 (de) | Kontrollschaltung zum Initialisieren einer Steuerstrecke für einen Strom zum Betrieb einer Drehstrommaschine, Verfahren und Computerprogramm | |
EP2705264A1 (de) | Magnetlager mit drehfeld und verfahren | |
DE4310772A1 (de) | Reluktanzmotor als Servoantrieb | |
EP1158648A1 (de) | Elektromagnetischer Drehantrieb | |
WO2009013204A1 (de) | Elektrischer antrieb mit integriertem lüfter | |
EP4208941A1 (de) | Verfahren zum betreiben eines linearmotors |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20150602 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: F16C 32/04 20060101AFI20160622BHEP Ipc: H02K 7/09 20060101ALI20160622BHEP |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20160713 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20170701 |