EP2928986A1 - Device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor and method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste - Google Patents

Device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor and method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste

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Publication number
EP2928986A1
EP2928986A1 EP13826992.3A EP13826992A EP2928986A1 EP 2928986 A1 EP2928986 A1 EP 2928986A1 EP 13826992 A EP13826992 A EP 13826992A EP 2928986 A1 EP2928986 A1 EP 2928986A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermolysis
tools
shaft
discharge
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13826992.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2928986B1 (en
Inventor
Hartwig Streitenberger
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Hs Techtransfer Ug (haftungsbeschraenkt) & Cokg
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2928986A1 publication Critical patent/EP2928986A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2928986B1 publication Critical patent/EP2928986B1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10—Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/007—Screw type gasifiers

Definitions

  • thermolysis-rotary reactor Apparatus in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor and method for operating such in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of waste products and wastes
  • the invention relates to a device in the form of a thermolysis rotary reactor according to the preamble of the claims and a method for operating such a reactor in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of waste products and waste.
  • a moving bed gasifier which comprises a carburetor space with a carburetor clearance and a carburetor, wherein the carburetor clearance is surrounded by a carburetor jacket and having a synthesis gas outlet at its one, closed end and via its second, open end the carburettor jacket communicates with the carburetor base.
  • the carburetor is in its interior formed as a carburetor pot, in which an entry device and at least one feed drove into it.
  • the gasifier pot on a recessed bottom with respect to the gasifier chamber the bottom opens into a central shaft.
  • stirrer tools are provided, which are rotatably mounted in the carburetor pot via a stirrer shaft, wherein the agitator shaft is surrounded by a conveyor.
  • the carburetor cup encloses with the carburetor jacket an isolation space through which the entry device, the feed, central shaft and the agitator shaft are guided with conveyor, wherein the carburetor foot sheath holds this.
  • a carburetor dome is arranged in the manner that a gap is generated between the carburetor dome and the carburetor jacket and / or the carburetor.
  • thermolysis reactor which comprises an outer jacket and an inner jacket, which form a double jacket, wherein the inner jacket is surrounded by the outer jacket, so that between the inner jacket and the outer jacket a gap exists, the double jacket has an entry, a discharge, at least one gasification agent Einitati and a distributor and the inner shell encloses an interior, which is bounded at the ends of lids.
  • the gap at the ends of the double jacket formed by the inner jacket and outer sheath closes against the environment and the covers support a shaft, wherein in the gap and the shaft is a heat carrier, the shaft is mounted centrally in the lids and carries a delivery tool.
  • thermolysis reactor is used according to DE 10 2009 007 768.5 for carrying out a process in which the thermolysis reactor is placed inclined, so that the discharge is above the entry.
  • the shaft is driven and in the shaft and the double jacket heated liquid heat carrier is generated and moved.
  • This liquid heat carrier is fluidically guided in the gap by the guide, wherein the material to be treated is guided by means of conveying tool from the entry in the direction of discharge and heated in this transport by means of supplied gasification agent.
  • the gasification agent escapes without flooding the material and thus leads to a thermochemical reaction stop. A continuous and stable temperature-controlled control of the process is no longer possible. The process comes to a standstill.
  • thermochemical reduction of the material is not completed and thus leads to adverse process conditions of subsequent arrangements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor, which avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, in particular a forced movement of the material to be treated in the reactor organized, not the existing bed of thermolysis reaction destroys and prevents blockages in the reactor as well as slag and separate embers, in order to ensure stable and uniform process control of the thermolysis process.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor of a tubular outer jacket with the end caps at the ends, an interior, a central in the lids stored wave, entry tools and discharge tools, which are placed at the beginning or at the end of the shaft within the thermolysis-rotary reactor, wherein on the shaft spiral runner helixes are attached.
  • the shaft is moved by a drive unit, wherein a good entry in fall height is arranged above the entry tools and the Gutaustrag below the discharge.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor Furthermore, two divided and perforated VergasugsffenJcht are arranged axially and centrally in the lower part of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is in a horizontal storage on a frame.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is operated in such a way that the Gutaustrag positioned at the opposite end below the Guteintrages and the shaft is driven externally via a drive unit, wherein the material to be treated mixed and loosened by means of entry tools, then by means of skids- Coils is transported axially and radially, and the material flow through the Vergasungsffeneinträge and the VergasungsffenJraum with a gasification agent, preferably with hot air and mixed oxygen for initiating exothermic and endothermic processes, is applied.
  • a gasification agent preferably with hot air and mixed oxygen for initiating exothermic and endothermic processes
  • thermolysis coke By the runners-coils near the inside of the tubular outer shell in the interior of the estate, which is converted in the course by charring to thermolysis coke, forcibly raised by an axial and radial pulse, loosened and with continuous wave-shaped course in the direction Austragswerkmaschine Wege and Gutaustrag transported.
  • the gasification agent flows under slight negative pressure and without interruption and destruction of the ember bed only by the material flow.
  • thermolysis rotary reactor 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a thermolysis rotary reactor according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 a schematic representation of the side view of the thermolysis rotary reactor according to FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section of the thermolysis-rotary reactor according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1 shows a thermolysis-rotary reactor, which consists of a tubular outer shell (1), in whose interior (3) takes place a thermo-chemical reaction in the form of an autothermal degassing (partial oxidation) of the raw material under a slight negative pressure.
  • This outer shell (1) has at its two ends in each case a the interior (3) final lid (2) and is surrounded by an insulation (16).
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor which are movable by a drive unit (10).
  • a Guteintrag (8) is arranged and below the discharge tools (7) located in the wall of the reactor, a Gutaustrag (9). Furthermore, two divided and perforated VergasugsstoffCchte (1 1) are arranged axially and centrally in the lower region of the wall of the thermolysis rotary reactor.
  • separate gasification agent entries (12) and a gas discharge (13) are passed through the wall of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
  • the gas discharge (13) is arranged laterally above in the entry area.
  • lock A (14) and lock B (15) are arranged.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor pressure reliefs (16) and various measuring nozzles (17) are still passed.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is surrounded by a thermal insulation (18) and is mounted horizontally on a frame (19).
  • the runner coils (5) are spirally designed, one or more times, close to the inside of the outer tubular jacket (1) in the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
  • the skids Wendeln (5) can have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape.
  • the insertion tools (6) are particularly advantageously arranged within the effective range of the helical runner spirals (5) once or several times parallel to the shaft (4) and below the goods entry (8).
  • the entry tools (6) may have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape
  • the discharge tools (7) may have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape.
  • the VergasungsstoffJchte (1 1) are preferably perforated or slotted.
  • the Guteitrag (8) preferably has a rotary valve.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor can be placed both centrally and at the end and the lock A (14) and the lock B (15) are preferably designed as a rotary valve.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is preferably arranged horizontally on a frame (19) (horizontal storage).
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is operated as follows:
  • the solid (selected, shredded, preheated and predried) waste materials are fed via the product feed (8) into the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
  • the entry of the goods is such that only very small amounts of ambient air with enter the interior (3).
  • a rotary valve is preferably used.
  • the interior of the tube-shaped outer shell (1) and the laterally final lids (2) surrounding (3) carries the centrally arranged shaft (4) with entry tools (6), runners (5) and Austragstechnikmaschineen (7), wherein in the operating condition by the rotational movement of the shaft (4) with said attachments a continuous transport of the goods from Guteintrag (8) to the Gutaustrag (9).
  • the shaft (4) is guided centrally in the lids (2) on the entry and discharge side and driven by an external drive unit (10).
  • the material passes preferably at a temperature of 50 ° C to 100 ° C, an edge length of about 35 mm and a residual moisture content of 10 to 15% by mass in the thermolysis-rotary reactor. After the entry of the good this is mixed and loosened by means of the entry tools (6) and the runners Wendeln (5) fed.
  • gasification agent preferably enriched oxygen air
  • the gasification agent enters the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotation reactor.
  • the resulting reaction gas flows through the flow of material, the reaction mixture, up into the free space (3) and is proportionately taken through the gas outlet (13) and passed into the next unit. Separately, the resulting thermolysis coke is discharged over the Gutaustrag (10) or forwarded to the next unit.
  • the material By the supply of heat via the gasification agent, the material is residue-dried and then pyrolyzed.
  • the gases released in this thermal process react proportionally with the gasification agent and thus generate part of the required process heat.
  • the gasification agent is metered to the extent that a targeted smoldering of the goods takes place. This is preferably done at temperatures of 350 to 550 ° C. After the process has passed, the complete product has become carbonaceous solid particles and reacted with carbon-containing process gas. All solid and proportionate gaseous components are discharged via the Gutaustrag (9).
  • the supply of separated carbon preferably from the following units, is provided via a lock A (14).
  • Another lock B allows the supply of additives, preferably lime.
  • the pressure relief (16) installed in the upper tubular outer casing (1) serves to relieve pressure.
  • measuring nozzle (17) for receiving sensors is preferably in an axial arrangement.
  • thermolysis-rotary reactor is thermally insulated to stabilize the process temperature via an insulation (18) and mounted on a frame (19), which allows a longitudinal expansion due to thermal expansion.
  • thermolysis rotary reactor organizes a uniform and forced movement of the material to be treated in the reactor, the existing bed of thermolysis reaction is not destroyed and thus blockages in the reactor and slag and separate Glutnester prevented to ensure stable and uniform process control of the thermolysis process.
  • the continuous undulating course of the flow of goods prevents interruptions, the destruction of the ember bed, nesting and hotspots.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor in accordance with the type of the patent claims and a method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste. The problem addressed by the present invention is to specify a device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor which organizes a forced transport of the material to be treated in the reactor, does not destroy the existing firebed of the thermolytic reaction and thereby prevents blockages in the reactor and slag and separate hot spots, to guarantee a stable and uniform control of the thermolytic process. The problem is solved in that the reactor comprises a tubular outer jacket (1) with covers (2) closing its ends, an interior chamber (3), a shaft (4) mounted centrally in the covers (2), feed tools (6) and discharge tools (7) which are placed at the start or the end of the shaft (4) respectively inside the interior chamber (3), wherein helical coil runners (5) are fixed to the shaft (4) and has gasification agents are applied to the material arranged via gasification means shafts (11) in the lower section of the tubular outer jacket (1).

Description

Vorrichtung in Form eines Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen in einer Anordnung zur thermischen Zersetzung von Abprodukten und Abfällen  Apparatus in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor and method for operating such in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of waste products and wastes
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung in Form eines Thermolyse- Rotations-Reaktors gemäß der Gattung der Patentansprüche sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Reaktors in einer Anordnung zur thermischen Zersetzung von Abprodukten und Abfällen. The invention relates to a device in the form of a thermolysis rotary reactor according to the preamble of the claims and a method for operating such a reactor in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of waste products and waste.
Aus der DE 10 2008 058 602 AI ist ein Bewegtbettvergaser bekannt, der einen Vergaserraum mit einem Vergaserfreiraum und einen Vergaserfuß umfasst, wobei der Vergaserfreiraum von einem Vergasermantel umgeben ist sowie einen Synthesegasausgang an seinem einen, verschlossenen Ende aufweist und über sein zweites, offenes Ende über den Vergasermantel mit dem Vergaserfuß in Verbindung steht. From DE 10 2008 058 602 Al a moving bed gasifier is known which comprises a carburetor space with a carburetor clearance and a carburetor, wherein the carburetor clearance is surrounded by a carburetor jacket and having a synthesis gas outlet at its one, closed end and via its second, open end the carburettor jacket communicates with the carburetor base.
Der Vergaserfuß ist dabei in seinem Innenraum als ein Vergasertopf ausgebildet, in den eine Eintragsvorrichtung sowie mindestens eine Zufuhrung hineinfuhren. The carburetor is in its interior formed as a carburetor pot, in which an entry device and at least one feed drove into it.
Darüber hinaus weist der Vergasertopf einen mit Ausnehmungen versehenen Boden gegenüber dem Vergaserraum auf, wobei der Boden in einen Zentralschacht mündet.  In addition, the gasifier pot on a recessed bottom with respect to the gasifier chamber, the bottom opens into a central shaft.
Weiterhin sind gemäß DE 10 2008 058 602 AI Rührerwerkzeuge vorgesehen, die über eine Rührerwelle im Vergasertopf drehbar gelagert sind, wobei die Rührerwelle von einer Fördereinrichtung umgeben ist. Der Vergasertopf umschließt mit dem Vergasermantel einen Isolationsraum, durch den die Eintragsvorrichtung, die Zuführung, Zentralschacht und die Rührerwelle mit Fördereinrichtung hindurch gefuhrt sind, wobei der Vergaserfußmantel diese haltert.  Furthermore, according to DE 10 2008 058 602 A1 stirrer tools are provided, which are rotatably mounted in the carburetor pot via a stirrer shaft, wherein the agitator shaft is surrounded by a conveyor. The carburetor cup encloses with the carburetor jacket an isolation space through which the entry device, the feed, central shaft and the agitator shaft are guided with conveyor, wherein the carburetor foot sheath holds this.
Dabei ist im Vergaserraum ein Vergaserdom in der Art angeordnet, dass zwischen dem Vergaserdom und dem Vergasermantel und / oder dem Vergasertopf ein Spalt generiert ist. Here, a carburetor dome is arranged in the manner that a gap is generated between the carburetor dome and the carburetor jacket and / or the carburetor.
Die DE 10 2009 007 768.5 offenbart einen Thermolysereaktor, welcher einen Außenmantel und einen Innenmantel umfasst, die einen Doppelmantel ausbilden, wobei der Innenmantel vom Außenmantel umgeben ist, so dass zwischen dem Innenmantel und dem Außenmantel ein Spalt besteht, der Doppelmantel einen Eintrag, einen Austrag, mindestens einen Vergasungsmitteleinträger und einen Verteiler besitzt und der Innenmantel einen Innenraum umschließt, der an den Enden von Deckeln begrenzt ist. DE 10 2009 007 768.5 discloses a thermolysis reactor, which comprises an outer jacket and an inner jacket, which form a double jacket, wherein the inner jacket is surrounded by the outer jacket, so that between the inner jacket and the outer jacket a gap exists, the double jacket has an entry, a discharge, at least one gasification agent Einträger and a distributor and the inner shell encloses an interior, which is bounded at the ends of lids.
Dabei schließt der Spalt an den Enden des durch Innenmantel und Außenmantel gebildeten Doppelmantels gegenüber der Umgebung ab und die Deckel lagern eine Welle, wobei sich in dem Spalt und der Welle ein Wärmeträger befindet, die Welle zentral in den Deckeln gelagerte ist sowie ein Förderwerkzeug trägt.  In this case, the gap at the ends of the double jacket formed by the inner jacket and outer sheath closes against the environment and the covers support a shaft, wherein in the gap and the shaft is a heat carrier, the shaft is mounted centrally in the lids and carries a delivery tool.
Dieser Thermolysereaktor wird gemäß DE 10 2009 007 768.5 zur Durchführung eines Verfahren verwendet, bei dem der Thermolysereaktor geneigt aufgestellt ist, so dass der Austrag oberhalb des Eintrags liegt. This thermolysis reactor is used according to DE 10 2009 007 768.5 for carrying out a process in which the thermolysis reactor is placed inclined, so that the discharge is above the entry.
Die Welle wird angetrieben und in der Welle sowie dem Doppelmantel wird erwärmter flüssiger Wärmeträger erzeugt und bewegt.  The shaft is driven and in the shaft and the double jacket heated liquid heat carrier is generated and moved.
Dieser flüssige Wärmeträger wird im Spalt durch die Führung strömungstechnisch geleitet, wobei das zu behandelnde Gut mittels Förderwerkzeug vom Eintrag in Richtung Austrag geführt und bei diesem Transport mittels zugeführtem Vergasungsmittel erwärmt wird. This liquid heat carrier is fluidically guided in the gap by the guide, wherein the material to be treated is guided by means of conveying tool from the entry in the direction of discharge and heated in this transport by means of supplied gasification agent.
Der Nachteil dieser technischen Lösungen ist, dass keine zwangsweise Fortbewegung des zu behandelnden Gutes im Reaktor organisiert ist, das bestehende Glutbett der Thermolysereaktion zerstört wird und dadurch Verstopfungen im Reaktor organisiert werden sowie Schlacke und separate Glutnester gebildet werden. The disadvantage of these technical solutions is that no forced movement of the material to be treated is organized in the reactor, the existing bed of the thermolysis reaction is destroyed and thereby blockages in the reactor are organized and slag and separate Glutnester be formed.
Eine stabile und gleichmäßige Prozessführung ist damit durch diese Reaktoren und Verfahren nicht gegeben. Der Eintrag der Energie über das Vergasungsmittel erfolgt durch die instabile und ungleichmäßige Prozessführung verfahrenstechnisch nicht mehr qualitativ und quantitativ aufgeteilt, was zur partiellen Überhitzung und Verbrennung und somit zum Stillstand des pyrolytischen Prozesses führt.  A stable and uniform process control is thus not given by these reactors and methods. The entry of the energy via the gasification agent is no longer qualitatively and quantitatively divided by the unstable and uneven process control procedurally resulting in partial overheating and combustion and thus to a standstill of the pyrolytic process.
Aufgrund der fehlenden zwingenden Fortbewegung des Gutstromes im Reaktor und der partiellen Störung durch die Fördereinrichtung in Form von Rüherwerkzeugen (Paddel bzw. schraubenförmiger Werkzeuge) wird das Glutbett zerstört bzw. getrennt und führt zu prozesshinderlichen „Hotspots". Due to the lack of compelling movement of the material flow in the reactor and the partial disturbance by the conveyor in the form of Rühherwerkzeugen (paddle or helical tools) the ember bed is destroyed or separated and leads to process-hindering "hotspots".
Das Vergasungsmittel entweicht dadurch ohne Durchflutung des Gutes und führt somit zu einem thermochemischen Reaktionsstop. Eine kontinuierliche und stabile temperaturgeführte Steuerung des Prozesses ist nicht mehr möglich. Der Prozess kommt zum Stillstand.  The gasification agent escapes without flooding the material and thus leads to a thermochemical reaction stop. A continuous and stable temperature-controlled control of the process is no longer possible. The process comes to a standstill.
Aufgrund dieser instabilen Prozessführung kommt es nicht nur zum Abbruch des gesamten Pyrolyseprozesses, sondern auch zu örtlichen Überhitzungen und damit Verzug der Thermolysekammer. Due to this unstable process control, not only is the demolition of the entire pyrolysis process occurring, but also local overheating and thus distortion of the thermolysis chamber.
Unabhängig von der extrem schwankenden Gasqualität ist die thermochemische Reduktion des Gutes nicht abgeschlossen und führt somit zu nachteiligen Prozessbedingungen nachfolgender Anordnungen. Regardless of the extremely fluctuating gas quality, the thermochemical reduction of the material is not completed and thus leads to adverse process conditions of subsequent arrangements.
Aus der DE 199 32 822 AI und der DE 196 14 689 AI sind Fördereinrichtungen für Reaktoren in Form einer Förder- bzw. Transportschnecke bekannt. Auch diese Fördereinrichtungen weisen die zuvor stehend aufgeführten Nachteile auf. From DE 199 32 822 AI and DE 196 14 689 AI conveyors for reactors in the form of a conveyor or screw conveyor are known. These conveyors also have the disadvantages listed above.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung in Form eines Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors anzugeben, welche die zuvor stehend genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet, insbesondere eine zwangsweise Fortbewegung des zu behandelnden Gutes im Reaktor organisiert, das bestehende Glutbett der Thermolysereaktion nicht zerstört und damit Verstopfungen im Reaktor sowie Schlacke und separate Glutnester verhindert, um eine stabile und gleichmäßige Prozessführung des Thermolyseprozesses zu gewährleisten. The object of the present invention is to provide a device in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor, which avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, in particular a forced movement of the material to be treated in the reactor organized, not the existing bed of thermolysis reaction destroys and prevents blockages in the reactor as well as slag and separate embers, in order to ensure stable and uniform process control of the thermolysis process.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des 1. und des 1 1. Patentanspruchs gelöst. Weitere günstige Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung sind in den nachgeordneten Patentansprüchen angegeben. According to the invention this object is achieved by the characterizing features of the 1st and the 1st claim. Further favorable embodiments of the invention are specified in the subordinate claims.
Das Wesen der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Thermolyse-Rotations- Reaktor aus einem rohrformigen Außenmantel mit an den Enden abschließenden Deckeln, einem Innenraum, einer in den Deckeln zentral gelagerten Welle, Eintragswerkzeuge und Austragswerkzeuge, die am Anfang bzw. am Ende der Welle innerhalb des Thermolyse-Rotations- Reaktors platziert sind besteht, wobei an der Welle spiralförmigen Kufen- Wendeln befestigt sind. The essence of the invention is that the thermolysis-rotary reactor of a tubular outer jacket with the end caps at the ends, an interior, a central in the lids stored wave, entry tools and discharge tools, which are placed at the beginning or at the end of the shaft within the thermolysis-rotary reactor, wherein on the shaft spiral runner helixes are attached.
Die Welle wird durch eine Antriebseinheit bewegt, wobei ein Guteintrag in Fallhöhe oberhalb zu den Eintragswerkzeugen und der Gutaustrag unterhalb der Austragswerkzeuge angeordnet ist. The shaft is moved by a drive unit, wherein a good entry in fall height is arranged above the entry tools and the Gutaustrag below the discharge.
Weiterhin sind zwei geteilte und perforierte Vergasugsmittelschächt axial und zentral im unteren Bereich des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors angeordnet.  Furthermore, two divided and perforated Vergasugsmittelschächt are arranged axially and centrally in the lower part of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
Desweiteren sind in die Reaktorwand und der dazugehörigen Isolierung separate Vergasungsmitteleinträge, eine seitlich, oberhalb im Eintragsbereich angebrachten Gasabfuhrung, zwei zentral und oberhalb des Außenmantels angeordnete Schleusen, Druckentlastungen und diverse Messstutzen eingebracht.  Furthermore, in the reactor wall and the associated insulation separate Vergasungsmitteleinträge, a side, mounted above in the entry area Gasabfuhrung, two centrally and above the outer shell arranged locks, pressure reliefs and various measuring nozzles introduced.
Der Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor befindet sich dabei in einer horizontalen Lagerung auf einem Gestell.  The thermolysis-rotary reactor is in a horizontal storage on a frame.
Dieser Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor wird in der Art und Weise betreiben, dass der Gutaustrag am entgegengesetzten Ende unterhalb des Guteintrages positioniert und die Welle extern über eine Antriebseinheit angetrieben wird, wobei das zu behandelnde Gut mittels Eintragswerkzeuge gemischt und aufgelockert, danach vermittels der Kufen- Wendeln axial und radial transportiert wird, und der Gutstrom über die Vergasungsmitteleinträge und den Vergasungsmittelschächten mit einem Vergasungsmittel, vorzugsweise mit heißer Luft und zugemischtem Sauerstoff zur Ingangsetzung exothermer und endothermer Prozesse, beaufschlagt wird. This thermolysis-rotary reactor is operated in such a way that the Gutaustrag positioned at the opposite end below the Guteintrages and the shaft is driven externally via a drive unit, wherein the material to be treated mixed and loosened by means of entry tools, then by means of skids- Coils is transported axially and radially, and the material flow through the Vergasungsmitteleinträge and the Vergasungsmittelschächten with a gasification agent, preferably with hot air and mixed oxygen for initiating exothermic and endothermic processes, is applied.
Durch die Kufen-Wendeln nahe der Innenseite des rohrförmigen Außenmantels im Innenraum wird das Gut, welches im Verlauf durch Verschwelung zu Thermolyse-Koks umgewandelt wird, zwangsweise durch einen axialen und radialen Impuls angehoben, aufgelockert und mit kontinuierlich-wellenförmigen Verlauf in Richtung Austragswerkzeuge und Gutaustrag transportiert. Dabei strömt das Vergasungsmittel unter leichtem Unterdruck und ohne Unterbrechung sowie Zerstörung des Glutbetts nur durch den Gutstrom. By the runners-coils near the inside of the tubular outer shell in the interior of the estate, which is converted in the course by charring to thermolysis coke, forcibly raised by an axial and radial pulse, loosened and with continuous wave-shaped course in the direction Austragswerkzeuge and Gutaustrag transported. The gasification agent flows under slight negative pressure and without interruption and destruction of the ember bed only by the material flow.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an Hand der schematischen Zeichnungen und der Ausfuhrungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt: The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawings and the exemplary embodiments. It shows:
Fig. 1 : eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors, 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a thermolysis rotary reactor according to the invention,
Fig. 2: eine schematische Darstellung der Seitenansicht des Thermolyse- Rotations-Reaktors gemäß Fig. 1 und  Fig. 2: a schematic representation of the side view of the thermolysis rotary reactor according to FIG. 1 and
Fig. 3: eine schematische Darstellung eines Querschnitts des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors gemäß Fig. 1  3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section of the thermolysis-rotary reactor according to FIG. 1
Figur 1 zeigt einen Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor, welcher aus einem rohrformigen Außenmantel (1) besteht, in dessen Innenraum (3) eine thermo-chemische Reaktion in Form einer autotherme Entgasung (partielle Oxidation) des Rohmaterials unter leichtem Unterdruck stattfindet. Figure 1 shows a thermolysis-rotary reactor, which consists of a tubular outer shell (1), in whose interior (3) takes place a thermo-chemical reaction in the form of an autothermal degassing (partial oxidation) of the raw material under a slight negative pressure.
Dieser Außenmantel (1) weist an seinen beiden Enden jeweils einen den Innenraum (3) abschließenden Deckel (2) auf und ist von einer Isolierung (16) umgeben. This outer shell (1) has at its two ends in each case a the interior (3) final lid (2) and is surrounded by an insulation (16).
In den beiden Deckeln (2) ist eine Welle (4) zentral gelagert. An dieser Welle (4) sind spiralförmige Kufen- Wendeln (5) befestigt. In the two covers (2) a shaft (4) is centrally mounted. On this shaft (4) spiral runners helical (5) are attached.
Am Anfang bzw. am Ende der Welle (4) sind innerhalb des Thermolyse- Rotations-Reaktors Eintragswerkzeuge (6) und Austragswerkzeuge (7) platziert, die durch eine Antriebseinheit (10) bewegbar sind. At the beginning or at the end of the shaft (4), insertion tools (6) and discharge tools (7) are placed within the thermolysis-rotary reactor, which are movable by a drive unit (10).
In Fallhöhe zu den Eintrags Werkzeugen (6) ist in der Wand des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors ein Guteintrag (8) angeordnet und unterhalb der Austragswerkzeuge (7) befindet sich in der Wand des Reaktors ein Gutaustrag (9). Weiterhin sind zwei geteilte und perforierte Vergasugsmittelschächte (1 1) axial und zentral im unteren Bereich der Wand des Thermolyse- Rotations-Reaktors angeordnet. In drop height to the entry tools (6) in the wall of the thermolysis-rotary reactor, a Guteintrag (8) is arranged and below the discharge tools (7) located in the wall of the reactor, a Gutaustrag (9). Furthermore, two divided and perforated Vergasugsmittelschächte (1 1) are arranged axially and centrally in the lower region of the wall of the thermolysis rotary reactor.
Darüber hinaus sind separate Vergasungsmitteleinträge (12) und eine Gasabfuhrung (13) durch die Wand des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors hindurchgeführt. Die Gasabführung (13) ist dabei seitlich oberhalb im Eintragsbereich angeordnet. In addition, separate gasification agent entries (12) and a gas discharge (13) are passed through the wall of the thermolysis-rotary reactor. The gas discharge (13) is arranged laterally above in the entry area.
Zentral und oberhalb des Außenmantels (1) sind Schleuse A (14) und Schleuse B (15) angeordnete. Central and above the outer shell (1) lock A (14) and lock B (15) are arranged.
Durch die Wand des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors sind weiterhin Druckentlastungen (16) und diverse Messstutzen (17) hindurchgeführt.  Through the wall of the thermolysis-rotary reactor pressure reliefs (16) and various measuring nozzles (17) are still passed.
Der Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor ist von einer thermischen Isolierung (18) umgeben und wird horizontal auf einem Gestell (19) gelagert. The thermolysis-rotary reactor is surrounded by a thermal insulation (18) and is mounted horizontally on a frame (19).
Besonders vorteilhaft sind die Kufen- Wendeln (5) spiralförmig, einfach oder mehrfach, nahe der Innenseite des rohrf rmigen Außenmantels (1) im Innenraum (3) des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors ausgeführt. Particularly advantageously, the runner coils (5) are spirally designed, one or more times, close to the inside of the outer tubular jacket (1) in the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
Dabei können die Kufen- Wendeln (5) eine quadratische, rechteckige, runde oder ovale Form aufweisen. The skids Wendeln (5) can have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape.
Darüber hinaus sind die Eintragswerkzeuge (6) besonders vorteilhaft innerhalb des Wirkbereiches der spiralförmigen Kufen- Wendeln (5) einfach oder mehrfach parallel zur Welle (4) und unterhalb des Guteintrages (8) angeordnet. In addition, the insertion tools (6) are particularly advantageously arranged within the effective range of the helical runner spirals (5) once or several times parallel to the shaft (4) and below the goods entry (8).
Dabei können die Eintragswerkzeuge (6) eine quadratische, rechteckige, runde oder ovale Form aufweisen,  The entry tools (6) may have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape,
Des weiteren sind die Austragswerkzeuge (7) oberhalb des Gutaustrags (9) einfach oder mehrfach angeordnet. Furthermore, the discharge tools (7) above the Gutaustrags (9) are arranged simply or repeatedly.
Dabei können die Austragswerkzeuge (7) eine quadratische, rechteckige, runde oder ovale Form aufweisen. Die Vergasungsmittelschächte (1 1) sind vorzugsweise gelocht oder geschlitzt ausgeführt. In this case, the discharge tools (7) may have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape. The Vergasungsmittelschächte (1 1) are preferably perforated or slotted.
Der Guteitrag (8) weist vorzugsweise eine Zellradschleuse auf. The Guteitrag (8) preferably has a rotary valve.
Die Gasabführung (13) des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor kann sowohl mittig als auch am Ende platziert werden und die Schleuse A (14) sowie die Schleuse B (15) sind vorzugsweise als Zellradschleuse ausgeführt. The gas outlet (13) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor can be placed both centrally and at the end and the lock A (14) and the lock B (15) are preferably designed as a rotary valve.
Im ordnungsgemäßen Betriebszustand ist der Thermolyse-Rotations- Reaktor vorzugsweise waagerecht auf einem Gestell (19) angeordnet (horizontale Lagerung). In the proper operating state, the thermolysis-rotary reactor is preferably arranged horizontally on a frame (19) (horizontal storage).
Dieser Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor wird wie folgt betrieben: This thermolysis-rotary reactor is operated as follows:
Die festen (selektierten, zerkleinerten, vorgewärmten und vorgetrockneten) Abfallstoffe, im folgenden Gut bezeichnet, werden über den Guteintrag (8) in den Innenraum (3) des Thermolyse-Rotations- Reaktors zugeführt. Der Eintrag des Gutes erfolgt derart, dass nur sehr geringe Mengen an Umgebungsluft mit in den Innenraum (3) gelangen. Dafür wird vorzugsweise eine Zellradschleuse verwendet. The solid (selected, shredded, preheated and predried) waste materials, referred to as "Good", are fed via the product feed (8) into the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor. The entry of the goods is such that only very small amounts of ambient air with enter the interior (3). For this purpose, a rotary valve is preferably used.
Der von dem rohrformigen Außenmantel (1) und den seitlich abschließenden Deckeln (2) umgebe Innenraum (3) trägt die zentral angeordnete Welle (4) mit Eintragswerkzeugen (6), Kufen- Wendeln (5) und Austragswerkzeugen (7), wobei im Betriebszustand durch die Drehbewegung der Welle (4) mit den genannten Anbauten ein kontinuierlichen Transport des Gutes vom Guteintrag (8) bis hin zum Gutaustrag (9) erfolgt. The interior of the tube-shaped outer shell (1) and the laterally final lids (2) surrounding (3) carries the centrally arranged shaft (4) with entry tools (6), runners (5) and Austragswerkzeugen (7), wherein in the operating condition by the rotational movement of the shaft (4) with said attachments a continuous transport of the goods from Guteintrag (8) to the Gutaustrag (9).
Die Welle (4) wird dabei eintrags- wie austragsseitig zentral in den Deckeln (2) geführt und durch eine externe Antriebseinheit (10) angetrieben.  In this case, the shaft (4) is guided centrally in the lids (2) on the entry and discharge side and driven by an external drive unit (10).
Das Gut gelangt dabei vorzugsweise mit einer Temperatur von 50°C bis 100°c, einer Kantenlänge bis ca. 35 mm und einer Restfeuchte von 10 bis 15 Ma% in den Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor. Nach dem Eintrag des Gutes wird dieses mittels der Eintragswerkzeuge (6) gemischt und aufgelockert und den Kufen- Wendeln (5) zugeführt. Unter Zugabe von Vergasungsmittel, vorzugsweise Luft mit angereichertem Sauerstoff, über die Vergasungsmitteleinträge (12) und deren Verteilung über die im unteren Bereich eingebauten Vergasungsmittelschächte (11) gelangt das Vergasungsmittel in den Innenraum (3) des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors. The material passes preferably at a temperature of 50 ° C to 100 ° C, an edge length of about 35 mm and a residual moisture content of 10 to 15% by mass in the thermolysis-rotary reactor. After the entry of the good this is mixed and loosened by means of the entry tools (6) and the runners Wendeln (5) fed. With the addition of gasification agent, preferably enriched oxygen air, via the gasification agent entries (12) and their distribution via the gasification agent shafts (11) installed in the lower region, the gasification agent enters the interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotation reactor.
Durch die radiale Rotations-Bewegung der Kurven- Wendeln (4) nahe der Innenseite des rohrförmigen Außenmantels (1) im Innenraum (3) wird das Gut durch einen zwingenden axialen und radialen Impuls, angehoben, aufgelockert und in Richtung Gutaustrag (9) transportiert. Dabei strömt das Vergasungsmittel nur durch den Gutstrom und führt zu gezielten endothermen und exothermen Reaktionen. Die exothermen Prozesse liefern die Energie für die endothermen Prozesse. Der kontinuierliche wellenförmige Verlauf des Gutstroms verhindert Unterbrechungen, die Zerstörung des Glutbettes, Nestbildungen und Hotspots. Es gelangt kein freies Vergasungsmittel in den oberen Innenraum (3) des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktors. Due to the radial rotational movement of the curved spirals (4) near the inside of the tubular outer shell (1) in the interior (3), the good by a compelling axial and radial pulse, lifted, loosened up and transported in the direction Gutaustrag (9). The gasification agent flows only through the flow of material and leads to targeted endothermic and exothermic reactions. The exothermic processes provide the energy for the endothermic processes. The continuous undulating flow of the flow prevents interruptions, the destruction of the ember bed, nesting and hotspots. There is no free gasification agent in the upper interior (3) of the thermolysis-rotary reactor.
Das entstehende Reaktionsgas strömt durch den Gutstrom, das Reaktionsgut, nach oben in den freien Innenraum (3) und wird anteilig durch die Gasabführung (13) gefasst und in das nächste Aggregat geleitet. Getrennt davon wird der entstehende Thermolyse-Koks über dem Gutaustrag (10) ausgetragen oder zum nächsten Aggregat weitergeleitet. The resulting reaction gas flows through the flow of material, the reaction mixture, up into the free space (3) and is proportionately taken through the gas outlet (13) and passed into the next unit. Separately, the resulting thermolysis coke is discharged over the Gutaustrag (10) or forwarded to the next unit.
Durch die Wärmezufuhr über das Vergasungsmittel wird das Gut restgetrocknet und anschließend pyrolysiert. Die bei diesem thermischen Prozess freigesetzten Gase reagieren anteilig mit dem Vergasungsmittel und erzeugen so einen Teil der erforderlichen Prozesswärme. By the supply of heat via the gasification agent, the material is residue-dried and then pyrolyzed. The gases released in this thermal process react proportionally with the gasification agent and thus generate part of the required process heat.
Verfahrensgemäß wird das Vergasungsmittel insoweit dosiert, dass eine gezielte Verschwelung des Gutes stattfindet. Das geschieht vorzugsweise bei Temperaturen von 350 bis 550°C. Nach dem Prozessdurchlauf hat sich das komplette Gut in kohlenstoffhaltige feste Partikel und kohlen wasserstoffhaltiges Prozessgas umgesetzt. Alle festen und anteilig gasförmigen Bestandteile werden über den Gutaustrag (9) abgeführt. According to the method, the gasification agent is metered to the extent that a targeted smoldering of the goods takes place. This is preferably done at temperatures of 350 to 550 ° C. After the process has passed, the complete product has become carbonaceous solid particles and reacted with carbon-containing process gas. All solid and proportionate gaseous components are discharged via the Gutaustrag (9).
Zur Stabilisierung der Prozessbedingungen, insbesondere dem Energiebedarf für den exothermen Prozess, ist über eine Schleuse A (14) die Zuführung separierten Kohlenstoffs, vorzugsweise aus den nachfolgenden Aggregaten, vorgesehen. Eine weitere Schleuse B (15) ermöglicht die Zuführung von Additiven, vorzugsweise Kalk. To stabilize the process conditions, in particular the energy requirement for the exothermic process, the supply of separated carbon, preferably from the following units, is provided via a lock A (14). Another lock B (15) allows the supply of additives, preferably lime.
Die oben im oberen rohrförmigen Außenmantel (1) installierte Druckentlastung (16) dient zur Entlastung bei Überdruck. Zur Sicherstellung der verfahrenstechnischen Prozessteuerung befinden sich im rohrförmigen Außenmantel (1), vorzugsweise in axialer Anordnung, Messstutzen (17) zur Aufnahme von Sensoren. The pressure relief (16) installed in the upper tubular outer casing (1) serves to relieve pressure. To ensure the procedural process control located in the tubular outer shell (1), preferably in an axial arrangement, measuring nozzle (17) for receiving sensors.
Der gesamte Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor wird zur Stabilisierung der Prozesstemperatur über eine Isolierung (18) wärmegedämmt und auf einem Gestell (19) gelagert, welches eine Längenausdehnung infolge Wärmedehnung zulässt. The entire thermolysis-rotary reactor is thermally insulated to stabilize the process temperature via an insulation (18) and mounted on a frame (19), which allows a longitudinal expansion due to thermal expansion.
Die wesentlichen Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Thermolyse- Rotations-Reaktors liegen darin, dass durch ihn eine gleichmäßige und zwangsweise Fortbewegung des zu behandelnden Gutes im Reaktor organisiert wird, das bestehende Glutbett der Thermolysereaktion nicht zerstört und damit Verstopfungen im Reaktor sowie Schlacke und separate Glutnester verhindert, um eine stabile und gleichmäßige Prozessführung des Thermolyseprozesses zu gewährleisten. The main advantages of the thermolysis rotary reactor according to the invention are that it organizes a uniform and forced movement of the material to be treated in the reactor, the existing bed of thermolysis reaction is not destroyed and thus blockages in the reactor and slag and separate Glutnester prevented to ensure stable and uniform process control of the thermolysis process.
Insbesondere der kontinuierliche wellenförmige Verlauf des Gutstroms verhindert Unterbrechungen, die Zerstörung des Glutbettes, Nestbildungen und Hotspots. In particular, the continuous undulating course of the flow of goods prevents interruptions, the destruction of the ember bed, nesting and hotspots.
Alle in der Beschreibung, den Ausführungsbeispielen und den nachfolgenden Ansprüchen dargestellten Merkmale können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination miteinander erfindungswesentlich sein. Bezugszeichenliste All features described in the description, the exemplary embodiments and the following claims may be essential to the invention both individually and in any combination with one another. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Rohrformiger Außenmantel1 pipe-shaped outer jacket
2 Deckeln 2 lids
3 Innenraum  3 interior
4 Welle  4 wave
5 Kufen-Wendeln  5 runners-coils
6 Eintragswerkzeuge  6 entry tools
7 Austragswerkzeuge  7 discharge tools
8 Guteintrag  8 good entry
9 Gutaustrag  9 Gutaustrag
10 Antriebseinheit  10 drive unit
1 1 Vergasungsmittelschächte 1 1 gasification shafts
12 Vergasungsmitteleinträge12 gasification agent entries
13 Gasabführung 13 gas discharge
14 Schleuse A  14 lock A
15 Schleuse B  15 lock B
16 Druckentlastung  16 pressure relief
17 Messstutzen  17 measuring stubs
18 Isolierung  18 insulation
19 Gestell  19 frame

Claims

Patentansprüche Patent claims
1. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor umfassend einen rohrförmigen Außenmantel (1) mit an seinen Enden abschließenden Deckeln (2), einem Innenraum (3), einer in den Deckeln (2) zentral gelagerten Welle (4), Eintragswerkzeuge (6) und Austragswerkzeuge (7), die am Anfang bzw. am Ende der Welle (4) innerhalb des Innenraums (3) platziert sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Welle (4) spiralförmige Kufen- Wendeln (5) befestigt sind. 1. Thermolysis rotation reactor comprising a tubular outer jacket (1) with covers (2) closing at its ends, an interior (3), a shaft (4) centrally mounted in the covers (2), entry tools (6) and discharge tools (7), which are placed at the beginning or at the end of the shaft (4) within the interior (3), characterized in that spiral-shaped skid coils (5) are attached to the shaft (4).
2. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kufen- Wendeln (5) spiralförmig, einfach oder mehrfach, nahe der Innenseite des Außenmantels (1) im Innenraum (3) angeordnet sind und eine quadratische, rechteckige, runde oder ovale Form aufweisen. 2. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the skid coils (5) are arranged spirally, single or multiple, near the inside of the outer jacket (1) in the interior (3) and a square, rectangular, round or oval shape.
3. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Anfang oder am Ende der Welle (4) Eintragswerkzeuge (6) und Austragswerkzeuge (7) platziert sind, die vermittels der Welle (4) durch eine Antriebseinheit (10) bewegbar sind, wobei die Eintragswerkzeuge (6) innerhalb des Wirkbereiches der spiralförmigen Kufen- Wendeln (5) einfach oder mehrfach parallel zur Welle (4) und unterhalb eines Guteintrages (8) angeordnet sind. 3. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that at the beginning or at the end of the shaft (4) entry tools (6) and discharge tools (7) are placed, which are driven by means of the shaft (4) by a drive unit (10). are movable, the entry tools (6) being arranged within the effective range of the spiral-shaped runner coils (5) one or more times parallel to the shaft (4) and below a good entry (8).
4. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintragswerkzeuge (6) und die Austragswerkzeuge (7) einfach oder mehrfach ausgeführt sind, eine quadratische, rechteckige, runde oder ovale Form aufweisen und die Austragswerkzeuge (7) oberhalb eines Gutaustrags (9) angeordnet sind. 4. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the entry tools (6) and the discharge tools (7) are single or multiple, have a square, rectangular, round or oval shape and the discharge tools (7) above one Goods discharge (9) are arranged.
5. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Fallhöhe zu den Eintragswerkzeugen (6) in der Wand des Außenmantels (1) der Guteintrag (8) angeordnet und unterhalb der Austragswerkzeuge (7) in der Wand des Reaktors der Gutaustrag (9) angeordnet ist. 5. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the material input (8) is arranged at the drop height to the entry tools (6) in the wall of the outer jacket (1) and below the discharge tools (7) in the wall of the Reactor the material discharge (9) is arranged.
6. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei geteilte und perforierte Vergasungsmittelschächte (1 1) axial und zentral im unteren Bereich der Wand des Außenmantels (1) angeordnet sind. 6. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that two divided and perforated gasification agent shafts (1 1) are arranged axially and centrally in the lower region of the wall of the outer jacket (1).
7. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass separate Vergasungsmitteleinträge (12) und eine Gasabführung (13) durch die Wand des Außenmantels (1) hindurchgefühlt sind und die Gasabfiihrung (13) dabei seitlich oberhalb im Eintragsbereich angeordnet ist. 7. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that separate gasification agent entries (12) and a gas discharge (13) are felt through the wall of the outer jacket (1) and the gas discharge (13) is arranged laterally above in the entry area.
8. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zentral und oberhalb des Außenmantels (1) eine Schleuse A (14) und eine Schleuse B (15) angeordnet sind und durch die Wand des Außenmantels (1) Druckentlastungen (16) sowie diverse Messstutzen (17) hindurchgefühlt sind. 8. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that a lock A (14) and a lock B (15) are arranged centrally and above the outer jacket (1) and through the wall of the outer jacket (1) pressure relief (16 ) and various measuring nozzles (17) have been felt through.
Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß einem oder mehrerer der voran stehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außenmantel (1) von einer thermischen Isolierung (18) umgeben und horizontal auf einem Gestell (19) gelagert ist. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outer jacket (1) is surrounded by thermal insulation (18) and is mounted horizontally on a frame (19).
10. Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß einem oder mehrerer der voran stehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vergasungsmittel Schächte (1 1) gelocht oder geschlitzt ausgeführt sind, der Guteitrag (8) eine Zellradschleuse aufweist und die Schleuse A (14) sowie die Schleuse B (15) als Zellradschleuse ausgeführt sind. 10. Thermolysis rotation reactor according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gasification agent shafts (1 1) are perforated or slotted, the good input (8) has a rotary valve and the lock A (14 ) and the lock B (15) are designed as a rotary valve.
1 1. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß einem oder mehrerer der voran stehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 10 bei dem das zu behandelnde Gut in den Guteintrag (8) eingeführt und am entgegengesetzten Ende des Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor die Thermolyseendprodukte aus dem Gutaustrag (9) ausgeführt werden, wobei die Welle (4) extern über eine Antriebseinheit (10) angetrieben wird, das zu behandelnde Gut mittels Eintragswerkzeuge (6) gemischt und aufgelockert, danach mittels Kufen- Wendeln (5) axial und radial im Innenraum (3) transportiert wird, der Gutstrom über die Vergasungsmitteleinträge (12) und die Vergasungsmittelschächten (1 1) mit einem Vergasungsmittel, vorzugsweise mit heißer Luft und zugemischtem Sauerstoff zur Ingangsetzung exothermer und endothermer Prozesse, beaufschlagt wird, durch die Kufen- Wendeln (5) nahe der Innenseite des rohrförmigen Außenmantels (1) im Innenraum (3) das Gut mit einem zwingenden axialen und radialen Impuls angehoben wird, um dann aufgelockert und kontinuierlichen mit wellenförmigem Verlauf in Richtung der Austragswerkzeuge (7) und dem Gutaustrag (9) transportiert wird, wobei das Vergasungsmittel dabei ohne Unterbrechung und Zerstörung des Glutbetts sowie unter leichtem Unterdruck nur durch den Gutstrom strömt. 1 1. A method for operating a thermolysis rotation reactor according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 10, in which the material to be treated is introduced into the material input (8) and the thermolysis end products are removed from the material at the opposite end of the thermolysis rotation reactor Material discharge (9) is carried out, the shaft (4) being driven externally via a drive unit (10), and the material to be treated is mixed using entry tools (6). and loosened, then transported axially and radially in the interior (3) by means of skid coils (5), the material flow via the gasification agent inputs (12) and the gasification agent shafts (1 1) with a gasification agent, preferably with hot air and mixed oxygen for initiation exothermic and endothermic processes, the material is lifted with a compelling axial and radial impulse by the skid coils (5) near the inside of the tubular outer jacket (1) in the interior (3), and then loosened and continuous with a wave-shaped course is transported in the direction of the discharge tools (7) and the material discharge (9), whereby the gasification agent only flows through the material flow without interruption and destruction of the ember bed and under a slight negative pressure.
12. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Vergasungsmittel auf eine Temperatur bis zu 500°C vorgewärmt und durch mindestens einen Vergasungsmitteleintrag (12) und / oder mindestens einen Vergasungsmittelschacht (1 1) unterhalb des Gutes eingebracht wird. 12. The method according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the gasification agent is preheated to a temperature of up to 500 ° C and is introduced below the material through at least one gasification agent entry (12) and / or at least one gasification agent shaft (1 1).
13. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Stabilisierung der Prozessbedingungen, insbesondere dem Energiebedarf für den exothermen Prozess, über die Schleuse A (14) die Zuführung separierten Kohlenstoffs, vorzugsweise aus den nachfolgenden Aggregaten, erfolgt und über die Schleuse B (15) die Zuführung von Additiven, vorzugsweise Kalk, zur Schadstoffbindung eingebracht wird, wobei das entstehende Prozessgas anteilig über die Gasabführung (13) gefasst und in das nächstfolgende Aggregat geleitet wird. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that in order to stabilize the process conditions, in particular the energy requirement for the exothermic process, separated carbon, preferably from the subsequent aggregates, is fed in via lock A (14) and via lock B (15 ) the supply of additives, preferably lime, is introduced to bind pollutants, the resulting process gas being collected proportionally via the gas outlet (13) and passed into the next unit.
14. Verwendung eines Thermolyse-Rotations-Reaktor gemäß einem oder mehrerer der voran stehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 13 für eine thermo- chemische Reaktion in Form einer autotherme Entgasung mit partieller Oxidation von Material. 14. Use of a thermolysis rotation reactor according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 13 for a thermochemical reaction in the form of an autothermal degassing with partial oxidation of material.
EP13826992.3A 2012-12-04 2013-12-01 Device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor and method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste Active EP2928986B1 (en)

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DE102012024204.2A DE102012024204B4 (en) 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Apparatus in the form of a thermolysis-rotary reactor and method for operating such in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of waste products and wastes
PCT/DE2013/000783 WO2014086334A1 (en) 2012-12-04 2013-12-01 Device in the form of a rotating thermolysis reactor and method for operating a reactor of this kind in an arrangement for the thermal decomposition of by-products and waste

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HK1214289A1 (en) 2016-07-22
CA2893790C (en) 2022-01-04
WO2014086334A1 (en) 2014-06-12
CN105026521A (en) 2015-11-04
US9969936B2 (en) 2018-05-15
CA2893790A1 (en) 2014-06-12
DE102012024204B4 (en) 2018-02-01
RU2648720C2 (en) 2018-03-28
CN105026521B (en) 2018-01-09
JP6192735B2 (en) 2017-09-06
EP2928986B1 (en) 2019-02-13
RU2015126860A (en) 2017-01-12
JP2016508863A (en) 2016-03-24
US20150322347A1 (en) 2015-11-12
DE102012024204A1 (en) 2014-06-05

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