EP2924165A1 - Applikation und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Applikation - Google Patents

Applikation und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Applikation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2924165A1
EP2924165A1 EP14162498.1A EP14162498A EP2924165A1 EP 2924165 A1 EP2924165 A1 EP 2924165A1 EP 14162498 A EP14162498 A EP 14162498A EP 2924165 A1 EP2924165 A1 EP 2924165A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
appliqué
layer
adhesive
hot
solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14162498.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sean Hennessy
Caroline M O'Leary
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Illinois Tool Works Inc
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Illinois Tool Works Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Illinois Tool Works Inc filed Critical Illinois Tool Works Inc
Priority to EP14162498.1A priority Critical patent/EP2924165A1/de
Publication of EP2924165A1 publication Critical patent/EP2924165A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
    • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
    • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
    • D06Q1/12—Decorating textiles by transferring a chemical agent or a metallic or non-metallic material in particulate or other form, from a solid temporary carrier to the textile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an appliqué and a method for applying said appliqué to a substrate. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to an appliqué comprising a specially selected hot-melt layer and lacquer layer which provide for improved wash fastness and durability compared to existing appliqués and which provide for a single-step method for applying the appliqué to a substrate.
  • the term "appliqué” includes, but is not limited to including, a decorative patch, label, badge or other such application, which may be applied to a substrate (for example, a fabric or a garment made of fabric) to impart a decorative design such as a logo on the substrate.
  • a substrate for example, a fabric or a garment made of fabric
  • the term may encompass, but is not limited to only encompassing, appliqués which are applied to a substrate via heat transfer techniques and appliqués which are sewn or glued to a substrate.
  • substrate is used throughout this specification, it also covers fabric(s) or a garment made of fabric(s).
  • graphic and print durability testing is to determine the durability and appearance of graphic and print appliqués when subjected to laundering conditions. Test specimens are laundered at elevated temperatures to assess the integrity of application processes and the wash and wear durability of the appliqué.
  • Graphic and print appliqués include, but are not limited to, screen prints, sublimated prints, puff prints, heat transfers and flocking and dimensional welds.
  • a customer/brand will often specify American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or brand specific test methods. The customer/brand will also often specify apparatus, reagents and materials to use during the test along with procedures.
  • AATCC Colour Evaluation Procedure 1 - Assessment of Colour Change is AATCC Colour Evaluation Procedure 1 - Assessment of Colour Change.
  • the durability of an appliqué is assessed by measuring the bond to the garment, colour loss and surface changes resulting from detergent solution and abrasive action of a specified number of standard home launderings, with or without chlorine.
  • Wash fastness describes the resistance of an appliqué to accelerated laundering tests. Accelerated laundering tests are known in the apparel industry and used to evaluate the resistance to laundering of textiles, appliqués and embellishments, which are expected to withstand frequent laundering.
  • appliqués require a multi-step application process.
  • Current processes involve placing the appliqué adhesive side down on the substrate, applying heat (for example, a heat of between 130°C - 140°C) from the top down using, for example, a heat plate as is well known in the art, often for between 5 to 8 seconds, to keep the appliqué in place, essentially tacking the appliqué onto the garment at the desired location.
  • the garment, with appliqué tacked onto it, is then turned over and heat (for example, a heat of between 130°C - 140°C) is applied again, often for a further 15 to 20 seconds, in order to fully adhere the appliqué to the garment.
  • Such a two-step application process is required to ensure that the appliqué is permanently applied to the garment without any embossing detail being lost during the application process, as would be the case were heat to be applied top down until the appliqué were fully adhered to a garment. Embossing detail is lost when heat is applied top down until the appliqué is fully adhered to a garment because the embossable materials which are currently used in appliqués have a relatively low Shore hardness as there is also a desire for flexibility, especially where the applique is to be applied to garments.
  • the present invention relates, in part, to an appliqué for application to a substrate, the appliqué comprising: a layer of intermediate lacquer; a layer of adhesive; and a third layer comprising one or more of an ink layer, an embossable layer, a design layer, a white back layer, a silver back layer and a migration resistant layer, wherein, in use, the layer of intermediate lacquer aids bonding of the layer of adhesive to the third layer.
  • a stronger bond between the layer of adhesive and third layer is achieved by including the layer of intermediate lacquer.
  • the layer of intermediate lacquer may further comprise a solution of polyester type thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • polyester type thermoplastic polyurethane may be Estane 5701 dissolved in cyclohexanone.
  • the solution of Polyester Type Thermoplastic Polyurethane may further comprise a hot-melt powder dispersed in it.
  • the hot-melt powder may comprise a Griltex 1A P1 powder.
  • a stronger bond between the layer of adhesive and third layer via the layer of intermediate lacquer can be achieved at lower temperatures by adding Griltex 1A P1 to the layer of intermediate lacquer. Therefore, less heat need be applied during the application process.
  • the single-step application process (to be described in detail below) can be used as there is less risk of losing embossing detail.
  • polyester type thermoplastic polyurethane may further comprise Desmophen C1200.
  • N75 may be added to the appliqué on press.
  • the solution of polyester type thermoplastic polyurethane may further comprise a solution of Modaflow 2100.
  • polyester type thermoplastic polyurethane may further comprise Foamex N.
  • polyester type thermoplastic polyurethane may further comprise L142.
  • the layer of adhesive may be a layer of hot-melt adhesive.
  • the layer of hot-melt adhesive may further comprise one or more of a thermoplastic film made from aromatic and an aliphatic thermoplastic.
  • the layer of hot-melt adhesive may include one or more of polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, polyurethane, and polyurethane ester.
  • the present invention relates, in part, to a method for adhering the appliqué of any preceding claim to a substrate, the method comprising the step of adhering the appliqué in a single-step by applying a temperature of 135°C or lower.
  • Advantages of this single-step application process include, but are not limited to, one or more of reduced handling time, reduced application time and other improved efficiencies during application.
  • the temperature may be applied top down for 20 seconds or less at a medium pressure.
  • the present invention provides an appliqué with improved wash fastness and durability compared to existing appliqués and which can be applied to a substrate in a single-step.
  • Figures 1a to 6b show all show variations of exemplary appliqués which will each be discussed below.
  • Figures 1 a and 1 b show an exemplary first appliqué 100.
  • the first appliqué 100 comprises an optional removable top carrier 1 (shown in Figure 1 a) which holds the first appliqué 100 rigid.
  • the rigidity of the first appliqué 100 is important during a printing of 'design' layers of the first appliqué 100 (to be described below) and where, for example, the first appliqué 100 further comprises large thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film sheets (for example, sheets of around 720mm x 520mm of larger) meaning that there may be a risk of dimensional instability.
  • Figures 1b shows the exemplary first appliqué 100 of Figure 1 with the removable top carrier 1 removed.
  • the removable top carrier 1 may be between 70 ⁇ m and 120 ⁇ m in thickness.
  • the removable top carrier 1 may be made of polyester.
  • the carrier may be made of a plastic or of a paper film as is well known in prior art.
  • a polyester film is preferred because, at least as compared to some other plastic materials such as polyethylene or non-orientated polypropylene, polyester possesses more favourable mechanical properties. Polyester has greater dimensional stability, thermal stability and a higher tensile strength. Dimensional stability refers to the ability of the polyester material to maintain its essential or original dimensions while being used as a carrier. Thermal stability refers to the fact that the polyester does not undergo any chemical changes during standard processing of this product.
  • polyester does not tend to soften and become tacky at the types of temperatures encountered during processing.
  • the removable top carrier 1 may be single coated with a release layer on one side.
  • a release layer of release material may be provided on an inner surface of the removable top carrier 1 to facilitate a clean separation of the carrier 1 from the appliqué 100.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising an optional specially selected embossable material layer 2 supplied on the removable top carrier 1.
  • Preferred materials may be any suitable embossable material that those well versed in the art will know about which include, but are not limited to, glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG), polyethylene terephtahalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), (polyvinyl chloride) (PVC).
  • the first appliqué 100 is to be applied to textiles, it is preferable to select a softer, more flexible embossable material 2 such as PETG, PP, or TPU. It is preferable to use a material with a Shore hardness of 80-98A and more preferable to use a material 2 with a Shore hardness of 88-94A. Most preferably, a material with a Shore hardness of between 90A and 92A is used.
  • a specially selected embossable material 2 with a low Shore hardness would lose emboss detail during heat application (to be described below), materials with a Shore hardness of 85A and below have been proven to have this characteristic of losing emboss detail.
  • Materials with a Shore hardness of 95A and above, while keeping the emboss detail, are too hard and rigid on the garment and are not suitable for such textile applications.
  • Materials with a Shore hardness between 86A and 94A are deemed most suitable because they both hold the emboss detail well and also have the required flexibility for application to textiles.
  • the first appliqué 100 is to be applied to a rigid substrate using a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA)
  • PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the specially selected embossable material 2 may be, but is not limited to being, one or more of transparent, opaque, tinted, coloured, incorporate effect pigments or metallised particles.
  • the specially selected embossable material 2 may be up to 1 mm in thickness and may also be a film or sheet of material with or without said thickness.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising optional design layers 3 (to be described below) which may be printed in specific sequence and also may be printed in register to each other.
  • Inks that may be used to print the design layers 3 include, but are not limited to, one or more of solvent based polyurethane (PU), water based PU, UV curable, Acrylic and Plastisol.
  • PU solvent based polyurethane
  • water based PU water based PU
  • UV curable UV curable
  • Acrylic and Plastisol.
  • the optional design layers 3 may comprise thermoplastic colour layers which are capable of being adhered to substrates upon the application of heat and pressure using, for example, a heat plate as is well known in the art.
  • thermoplastic inks for said thermoplastic colour layers include, but are not limited to including, epoxies, polyurethanes, polymethacrylates, polyethylene, vinyl acetates, polyvinyl chlorides, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate co-polymers, functionalised vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate co-polymers, chlorinated halogenated polyolefins such as chlorinated and fluorinated polyolefins and polystyrene.
  • the colour layers may be cross linked to form a thermoset polymer with increased durability including improved abrasion resistance and chemical resistance, such as would be required for an apparel label being subjected to multiple wash and wear cycles.
  • a thermoplastic adhesive would be required to facilitate the bond between the label and the fabric.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising optional single or multiple white back-up layers 4. These may be added to the first appliqué 100, usually after any coloured ink layers have been printed, to give print opacity and brightness.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising optional single or multiple silver back-up layers 5. These may be added to the first appliqué 100, usually after any coloured ink layers have been printed, to provide opacity and dye blocking properties.
  • the "silver" inks used to produce the silver back-up layers 5 may be made with aluminium pigment particles.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising optional single or multiple migration resistant layers 6 which may be added to the first appliqué 100 if required.
  • Activated carbon particles are widely used in both pharmaceutical and the food and beverage industries to purify products by absorbing contaminants referred to as "colour bodies".
  • Activated carbon based inks may be used in the migration resistant layers 6 of the first appliqué 100 to prevent dye migration through the absorption of the sublimation dyes which can transfer from the fabric into labels causing discolouration.
  • All of layers 2 to 6 are optional. They may equally be replaced by a single or composite layer comprising one or more of an ink layer, an embossable layer, a design layer, a white back layer, a silver back layer and a migration resistant layer.
  • FIG. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising a specifically selected lacquer 7 which aids bonding of hot-melt 8 (described below) to the other layers.
  • Table 1 Exemplary Lacquer Composition Ingredient Wt% Estane 5701 Cyclo/Bio-based alternative C1200 EEP Modaflow Griltex 1AP1 Foamex N L142 Resin Solution 82.30 14.81% 67.49% Desmophen C1200 12.50 12.50 Modaflow solution 2.00 0.15% 0.85% 1.00% Foamex N 0.10 0.10% Griltex 1AP1 3.00 3.00% L142 0.10 0.10% Total wt% 14.81% 67.64% 12.50% 0.85% 1.00% 3.00% 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
  • Table 1 shows the composition of an exemplary lacquer which may be used as specifically selected lacquer 7.
  • Specifically selected lacquer 7 may be a solution of Polyester Type Thermoplastic Polyurethane such as Estane 5701 which may be dissolved in cyclohexanone and may be dissolved along with a hot-melt powder such as Griltex 1 A P1 powder dispersed in it.
  • a hot-melt powder such as Griltex 1 A P1 powder dispersed in it.
  • Such a material (Estane 5701) displays low temperature flexibility and abrasion resistance.
  • a cyclohexanone replacement such as Elsol CXR, Estasol or similar may be used as a 'green chemistry' alternative.
  • a benefit of adding Griltex 1A P1 is that the powder gives the lacquer a rough surface.
  • the lacquer acts as a tie layer between the silver and the hot-melt adhesive because the Estane 5701 provides adhesion to the Estane based silver backup ink and the Griltex provides adhesion to the hot-melt adhesive.
  • the Tg (glass transition temperature) for Estane 5701 is below room temperature, so this type of raw material is a softer more flexible material than Estane 5715 for example, which is why this type of material was selected. This is also supported by the known Shore hardness data for each material.
  • the Estane 5701 has a Shore hardness of 85A that is similar to the desired Shore hardness of the previously discussed specially selected embossable material 2 (which may be a TPU film).
  • N 75 is an aliphatic polyisocyanate resin based on hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and dissolved in n-butyl acetate and xylene at a ratio of 1:1. N 75 is added and mixed to the ink prior to the ink being printed (i.e. on press). N 75 is an accelerator for the isocyanate - hydroxyl reaction. The source of the hydroxyls is the Desmophen C1200, which is a linear diol, which reacts with the N75 to provide a cross-linked network for improved wash resistance and/or colour fastness.
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • N 75 is an accelerator for the isocyanate - hydroxyl reaction.
  • the source of the hydroxyls is the Desmophen C1200, which is a linear diol, which reacts with the N75 to provide a cross-linked network for improved wash resistance and/or colour fastness.
  • Foamex N is antifoam from Tego and L142 is an optical brightener, both of which may be used in the composition of the lacquer 7.
  • Accelerated laundering tests are known in the apparel industry and used to evaluate the colourfastness to laundering of textiles, appliqués and embellishments, which are expected to withstand frequent laundering. Colour loss and surface changes resulting from detergent solution and abrasive action of a specified number of standard home launderings, with or without chlorine, are used to evaluate wash resistance. Specimens are tested under appropriate conditions of temperature, detergent solution, bleaching and abrasive action such that the resulting colour change is similar to that which would occur in a specified number of home launderings.
  • copolyamide hot-melt powder Griltex 1 AP 1 was added to the lacquer 7 formulation. This provides a rough surface that increases the surface area of the lacquer 7 to allow a greater surface area for the adhesive (hot-melt) layer 8 to bond to.
  • the selection of the powder is such that it will melt in the same temperature range as the specially selected adhesive 8 (described below) forming a strong three dimensional tie layer between the final ink layer (which ever of layers 2 to 6 are present) and the specially selected hot-melt 8.
  • the additional tie layer significantly improves the wash fastness of the appliqué.
  • a stronger bond between the adhesive layer 8 and the final ink layer (via the lacquer 7) can be achieved at lower temperatures, therefore, less heat need be applied during the application process.
  • the single-step application process (to be described in detail below) can be used as there is less risk of losing embossing detail.
  • the hot-melt powder was specially selected, as it is washfast at 60 °C, thus overcoming the above outlined problems associated with existing appliqués.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show the first appliqué 100 comprising a specially selected adhesive layer 8 that allows the first appliqué 100 to be applied in one application (to be described below) at temperatures of between 125°C and 135°C and pass appliqué durability testing at 60°C. Hotmelts used in existing appliqués would not adhere if heat in this temperature range were used in the single-step top down application process described herein.
  • the adhesive used in the appliqués described herein can be fully adhered to a substrate at significantly lower temperatures than are used in adhering existing appliqués as a result of the composition and characteristics of their component layers, as described herein.
  • a single-step top down heating process can be performed with a lower temperature reaching the adhesive layer of the appliqués (for example, a temperature of between 100°C - 120°C) whilst still achieving sufficient adhesion.
  • the adhesive may be a double sided PSA.
  • the adhesive 8 of the first appliqué 100 may also be a hot-melt adhesive, specially selected so that it allows the first appliqué 100 be applied top down at temperatures of 130°C or lower.
  • the hot-melt adhesive may comprise a thermoplastic film made from aromatic or aliphatic thermoplastic.
  • the hot-melt film may include, but is not limited to including, one or more of polyamide; polyester; polyolefin; polyurethane; and polyurethane ester.
  • the melting point of the hot-melt film may be in the range of 100°C to 120°C.
  • Glue Line Temperature is the actual temperature range to which the adhesive should be exposed. The optimum glue line temperature depends on the applied pressure and the substrate's permeability.
  • the hot-melt film is washfast at 60°C.
  • PU As its composition is PU, it is compatible with a PU ink system.
  • the selected hot-melt adheres to fabrics including, but not limited to including, the following compositions: Acetate, acrylic, cotton, nylon, lycra, polyester, cotton, wool.
  • first appliqué 100 It is necessary to apply the first appliqué 100 at temperatures of around 135 °C or lower. 135°C is an upper limit as, above this, there is a risk that any embossed detail will be lost. Lower temperature application conditions also save energy, avoid the activation of sublimation dyes and reduce fabric marking.
  • the specially selected embossable material 2 is a thermoplastic, if too high a temperature is used, the embossed detail will be lost at the application stage.
  • 130°C is the preferable application temperature.
  • an appliqué comprising embossable material with a Shore hardness of 85A or below that embossing detail would be lost, the edges of the print would melt and the appliqué may pick up surface pattern from fabric substrate.
  • the specially selected adhesive 8 also has wash fastness at 60°C.
  • the adhesive 8 may be a PU hot-melt adhesive.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show the first appliqué 100 comprising a further bottom carrier 9, upon which the hot-melt adhesive 8 or any alternative adhesive is supplied. This carrier may be removed when the first appliqué 100 is to be applied to a substrate.
  • Figures 1b shows a specifically designed embossing die 10. This may be used to emboss the specially selected embossable material 2 of the first appliqué 100.
  • Steps 901 to 905 relate to the manufacture of the first appliqué 100
  • step 906 relates to the packing of the first appliqué 100
  • step 907 relates to the application of the first appliqué 100.
  • the optional specially selected embossable material 2 which may be made of TPU and may be in the form of a film or sheet, is cut to size.
  • a sheet size of 720mm x 520mm is cut.
  • the optional design layers 3 may be printed in a specific sequence and/or in register to each other. For some applications, multiple passes of different colour inks and designs may be printed to produce a multi-coloured graphic. For example, a first ink colour may be screen printed onto specially selected embossable material, a second ink colour may be screen printed in register to first ink colour, and third ink colour may be printed in register to the first two colours. This process may be repeated until the design colours are all printed.
  • the optional single or multiple white back-up layers 4 may be printed to give appliqué opacity if required.
  • the optional single or multiple silver back-up layers 5 may be printed to give print die blocking properties if required.
  • the optional single or multiple migration resistant layers 6 may be printed if required.
  • the specially selected lacquer 7 may be printed to aid bonding of the specially selected adhesive 8 layer to layers 2 to 6.
  • the specially selected embossable material 2 may not be dimensionally stable, for example, where the specially selected embossable material 2 is a TPU sheet of 720mm x 520mm in size, it would not be dimensionally stable and would therefore be extremely difficult to print in register. This issue has been overcome by the selection of the specially selected embossable material 2 (as described above) and the incorporation of a rigid carrier.
  • Known appliqués do not conform to industry standards for wash fastness at 60°C.
  • Known appliqués of the type of appliqué described herein tend to delaminate.
  • the addition of a specially selected lacquer 7 eliminates this issue.
  • TPU sheets of no larger than 420mm x 300mm (16.5" x 12") are printed on hand benches or semi-automatic printing machines.
  • the sheet size is limited due to the dimensional stability issues outlined above.
  • the specially selected adhesive 8 may be laminated in sheet form for a pre-set time at a pre-set temperature.
  • the specially selected adhesive 8 may be supplied on a bottom carrier 9 and this may be left on to prevent the appliqué 100 from inadvertently sticking to another surface, for example, to prevent the specially selected adhesive 8 from sticking to the top of the specially selected embossable material 2 in instrances where multiple sheets are stacked on top of each other.
  • the top carrier 1 is removed.
  • the top carrier 1 needs to be removed for material to emboss properly.
  • a specifically designed and manufactured die 10 is used to emboss single or multiple appliqués in register to the ink printed design.
  • This embossing step can be carried out using HF, RF or sonic welding machines.
  • the embossing process may involve using HF/RF welding in conjunction with an embossing die to form different surface effects on the surface of the embossing material.
  • the process of HF/RF involves pressing the embossing die down on top of the embossing material 2 and passing high frequency waves through the material. The high frequency waves cause the molecules within the material to move and therefore, the material increases in temperature. The increase in temperature, in combination with a pressure being applied, causes the embossing material 2 to take the form of the die 10.
  • the die 10 may be made by machining a pattern, texture or design out on the surface of a specially selected conductive metal.
  • the die will have peaks and troughs at different heights to form the textured effect on the surface of the embossing material.
  • the die 10 may include many different effects including, but not limited to, one or more of press down, chevron, carbon fibre and lenticular.
  • Embossing may also be done in wallpaper design where there is a pattern embossed all over the TPU film. This can be done using either an embossing cylinder or an embossing die. This is relevant where it is desired to create an appliqué with an 'all over' pattern, for example, an appliqué with a carbon fibre effect.
  • a wallpaper pattern or group is a mathematical classification of a two-dimensional repetitive pattern, based on the symmetries in the pattern. Such patterns occur frequently in architecture and decorative art. There are 17 possible distinct groups.
  • Wallpaper groups are two-dimensional symmetry groups, intermediate in complexity between the simpler frieze groups and the three-dimensional crystallographic groups.
  • a symmetry of a pattern is, loosely speaking, a way of transforming the pattern so that the pattern looks exactly the same after the transformation. For example, translational symmetry is present when the pattern can be translated (shifted) some finite distance and appear unchanged. An example is shifting a set of vertical stripes horizontally by one stripe. The pattern is unchanged.
  • the appliqué may be cut out in sheet form or in register to the printed image using a single or multiple design die or using optical registration, laser cut in register to the printed image.
  • a PSA carrier may be used to keep free standing components in the correct positions. Cut out areas appliqués may also be cut at this stage.
  • the appliqué is packed for storage and/or transport.
  • the bottom carrier 9 which the adhesive layer 8 is supplied on can be left for ease of handling of the appliqué during packing.
  • the appliqué is applied to a substrate.
  • Appliqués may be applied at temperatures of between 125°C and 135°C and in a single-step top down application, for between 10 and 20 seconds at a medium pressure of, for example, 200 kPa pneumatic line pressure.
  • the three application parameters for the bonding of a heat transfer or appliqué to a substrate/garment are time, temperature, and pressure.
  • Time temperature and pressure are equally important to achieve the proper bond between the appliqué's adhesive and the substrate.
  • Application time is defined as: the time the platen is applying pressure and heat to the application area.
  • Line pressure is sometimes communicated as line pressure, which is simply the pressure in the air line supplying the heat press.
  • Line pressure ignores the size and shape of the platen and size of the cylinder and for this reason it is not the preferred way to quote pressure for heat transfer application.
  • Line pressure in this instance may be 200 kPa.
  • Applied pressure is the measure of the force the platen exerts during application. This calculation takes into account the size of the cylinder in the press and the size and shape of platen used. For these reasons, plate pressure is a more reliable unit of measure for heat activated applications. Applied pressure may be 33.34 kPa.
  • Correct application temperature is crucial for proper heat transfer application. Heat that is too low does not activate the adhesive and thus does not allow a permanent bond to be established between the adhesive and the fabric. This can lead to the adhesive partly or fully delaminating from the fabric. Application heat that is too high can damage the appliqué and result in a loss of embossing detail. Heat that is too high during application can also cause the fabric to have shinny marks in the shape of the platen or sustain other damage such as colour change.
  • the adhesive layer is the area of the appliqué that bonds with the fabric.
  • Medium pressure may be applied at a rate of 200 kPa line pressure or 33.34 kPa applied pressure for 20 seconds at 135°C or below.
  • the bonding layer softens and typically penetrates into the substrate.
  • the appliqué may then be left to cool so that the bonding layer exhibits a strong adhesion to bond the appliqué to the substrate.
  • Appliqués may be applied with the above conditions using an Insta MS728T Heat Seal machine.
  • appliqués require a multi-step application process.
  • Current processes involve placing the appliqué adhesive side down on the substrate, applying heat from the top down (for example, a heat of between 130°C - 140°C), often for between 5 to 8 seconds, to keep the appliqué in place, essentially tacking the appliqué onto the garment.
  • the garment, with appliqué tacked onto it is then turned over and heat is applied again (for example, a heat of between 130°C - 140°C), often for a further 15 to 20 seconds, in order to fully adhere the appliqué to the garment.
  • Such a two-step application process is required to ensure that any embossing detail is not lost during the application process as a result of the applied heat (as prolonged top down heat would be required in a single step application process which would cause the thermoplastic embossable material layer to lose its embossing detail) and that the appliqué is permanently adhered to the garment (by ensuring that sufficient heat has reached the adhesive).
  • Advantages of the present single-step application process include, but are not limited to, one or more of reduced handling time, reduced application time and other improved efficiencies during application.
  • the embossable material layer 2 is stable during this process and the embossing detail is not deteriorated.
  • the low application temperature in combination with the selection of an embossable material layer 2 with a Shore hardness between 86A and 94A can be critical as the embossable material layer 2 is hard enough to hold emboss detail during a top down application and also feel quite soft and flexible on the garment once applied.
  • embossable material layer 2 can also allow for appliqués to be sewn down if desired.
  • Advantages of the present single-step application process include, but are not limited to, one or more of reduced handling time, reduced application time and other improved efficiencies during application.
  • the embossable material layer 2 is stable during this process and the embossing detail is not deteriorated.
  • the low application temperature in combination with the specific embossable material layer 2 with a Shore hardness between 86A and 94A can be critical as the embossable material layer 2 is hard enough to hold emboss detail during a top down application and also feel quite soft and flexible on the garment once applied.
  • Step 907 can be performed using the appliqué 100, regardless of whether the appliqué 100 has been produced and/or packed following the steps 901 to 906 outlined above.
  • the above described process may be a sheet printing process or a roll printing process.
  • steps 901 to 907 also apply to these appliqués, with necessary modifications being made to account for differences in the material makeup of these appliques, as would be understood by a person skilled in the art. Specifically, all the appliqués shown in Figures 2a to 6b can be applied using the method of step 907.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show a second exemplary appliqué 200 which comprises the same materials 1 to 9 as described in relation to the first exemplary first appliqué 100.
  • the second exemplary appliqué 200 further comprises a 'Smart/Security' feature 11 incorporated prior to printing, the Smart/Security' feature 11 comprising, but not limited to comprising, one or more of RFID, overt, holographic, data capturing and active/passive.
  • Figures 3a and 3b show a third exemplary appliqué 300 which comprises the same materials 1 to 9 as described in relation to the first exemplary first appliqué 100.
  • the third exemplary appliqué 300 also further comprises the 'Smart/Security' feature 11 incorporated post printing, the Smart/Security' feature 11 comprising, but not limited to comprising, one or more of RFID, overt, holographic, data capturing and active/passive.
  • Figures 4a and 4b show a fourth exemplary appliqué 400 which comprises the same materials 1 to 9 as described in relation to the first exemplary first appliqué 100.
  • the fourth exemplary appliqué 300 also further comprises an Insert 12 incorporated in cut out area of appliqué 300.
  • the insert 12 may be, but is not limited to being, one or more of natural or synthetic fabric, dyed fabric, sublimation, inkjet, screen printed fabric, fabric with or without hot-melt, fabric with or without blockout coating, foil, film and/or security device.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show a fifth exemplary appliqué 500 which comprises the same materials 1 to 9 as described in relation to the first exemplary first appliqué 100.
  • the fifth exemplary appliqué 500 also further comprises a covert feature 13 incorporated post printing.
  • Covert security features such as covert feature 13, may often be referred to as second-level features. Covert security features, such as covert feature 13, may not be obvious to the naked eye and require simple tools and/or some training for authentication.
  • the covert feature 13 may be, but is not limited to being, one or more of UV-fluorescent inks, microprinting, taggent and DNA inks. For authentication, these covert features require access to an ultraviolet lamp, a magnifier and a reader respectively. In terms of balancing security and ease of authentication, covert security features lie between overt and forensic security features.
  • the covert feature 13 may also be a hidden security feature, for example an RFID chip.
  • Figures 6a and 6b show a sixth exemplary appliqué 600 which only comprises the materials 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 as described in relation to the first exemplary first appliqué 100.
  • Figure 7 shows a multiple piece design appliqué with a free standing component 14, a PSA 15 to hold free standing components in the correct position and a printed TPU badge 16.
  • Figure 8 shows a simplified version of a roll to roll embossing and cutting process concept with the following features: a printed TPU film 20, laminated with specially selected hot-melt adhesive, a carrier film take up 21, an embossing station 22, specifically designed embossing die embosses the surface of the TPU film, a cutting station 23, where prints are cut out using either a specifically designed cutting die or using a laser cutter with optical registration and a scrap re-wind, where excess film is rewound on a core.
  • the appliqué set out in the above numbered clauses can be combined with the features of the appliqué as set out in the claims below in any conceivable combination as would be understood by the skilled person.
  • the appliqué of numbered clause 1 may include also include the features of claim 1 or any of its dependent claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP14162498.1A 2014-03-28 2014-03-28 Applikation und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Applikation Withdrawn EP2924165A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14162498.1A EP2924165A1 (de) 2014-03-28 2014-03-28 Applikation und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Applikation

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14162498.1A EP2924165A1 (de) 2014-03-28 2014-03-28 Applikation und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Applikation

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020023757A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Heat transfer labels with golden effect/hue

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0291160A2 (de) * 1987-04-07 1988-11-17 Heat-Seal (Textiles) Ltd Verzierender Gegenstand
US20030091799A1 (en) * 1995-12-14 2003-05-15 Reflex Holding A/S Transfer for decorating textiles with colored patterns
US20120141698A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-06-07 Itw Ireland applique to provide a design on a fabric

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0291160A2 (de) * 1987-04-07 1988-11-17 Heat-Seal (Textiles) Ltd Verzierender Gegenstand
US20030091799A1 (en) * 1995-12-14 2003-05-15 Reflex Holding A/S Transfer for decorating textiles with colored patterns
US20120141698A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-06-07 Itw Ireland applique to provide a design on a fabric

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020023757A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Heat transfer labels with golden effect/hue
US20200031161A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Heat transfer labels with golden effect/hue
US10821771B2 (en) 2018-07-27 2020-11-03 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Heat transfer labels with golden effect/hue

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