Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
  • C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
  • C08K5/1535—Five-membered rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
  • C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D493/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/18—Plasticising macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
  • C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride

Definitions

• the subject of the invention is a liquid composition at ambient temperature comprising mixtures of 1,4-, 3,6-dianhydrohexitol esters.
• a second subject of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing said composition.
• Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of this composition for plasticizing polymers.
• these polymers may have disadvantages, such as in particular their mechanical properties which may be insufficient for certain uses. For example, they may have a very low elongation at break at room temperature or be poorly resistant to impact.
• it may be necessary to modify the melt behavior of these polymers, in particular to be able to implement them in coating-type transformation processes or in calendering. In other words, it is necessary for the polymer to have exceeded its melting temperature, or even its gelling temperature, and thus the polymer has, in this gelled state, a viscosity adapted to the forming process in order to be able to be properly transformed.
• these polymers can be mixed with "plasticizers”.
• plasticizer any product which, when it is mixed in sufficient quantity with a polymer, has the function of reducing the glass transition temperature of said polymer. By decreasing the glass transition temperature of the polymer, the flexibility of the latter is increased and the mechanical properties of this plasticized polymer are modified.
• a plasticizer added to a polymer composition, there is generally a decrease in the modulus, in particular the modulus at 100% elongation, a decrease in the tensile stress and / or an increase in the strain at break.
• the plasticizers are generally mixed with the polymer, which allows the softening temperature of the polymer to be lowered.
• This mixing can be done by different methods of implementation.
• polyvinyl chloride for example, the polymer can be converted into an object by various techniques for processing thermoplastic materials, and in particular by extrusion, calendering or coating by a plastisol-type process.
• thermoplastic mixture the PVC is mixed with the plasticizer by supplying this system with energy, in the form of temperature and mechanical energy. In the case of extrusion, this mixing is done in a closed system. In the case of a mixture on rolls, this mixing is done in an open system.
• the polymer can then be shaped, for example by thermoforming or calendering processes. Generally, a dry blending step is carried out before the thermomechanical mixing step.
• a mixture is generally made to form a PVC paste, then this paste is shaped by a coating or molding step, and the paste is then heated in an oven to form the part.
• plasticizers which are liquid at room temperature are generally used.
• plasticizers of the family of phthalic esters are still very often used. To this day, it is still very generally dioctyl phthalate or diisononyl phthalate.
• plasticizers have also been developed in recent years, such as cyclohexane polycarboxylic acid and its derivatives, which have been the subject of patent applications WO 00/78853 and WO 99 / 32427.
• DICH 2-cyclohexane
• plasticizers may also be made of derivatives of glycerol esters, such as Grindsted ® SOFT-N-SAFE obtained from glycerol and castor oil and commercialized by Danisco. These plasticizers have the advantage of being obtained from biobased products.
• 1,4,4,6-dianhydrohexitol derivatives as polymer plasticizers has already been described in WO 99/45060. These derivatives do not have the toxicity problems of phthalates. These plasticizers also have the advantage of being partially biosourced or even completely biobased. In this application are described in the examples the following liquid plasticizers at room temperature: isosorbide dioctanoate, isosorbide dibutanoate, isosorbide dihexanoate and isosorbide di (2-ethylhexanoate). These plasticizers are also described in WO 2008/095571 A1, which describes aliphatic diesters with 9 carbon atoms. The document Preparation of plasticizers from carbohydrate sources. I.
• Sorbide esters (Hachihama et al., Technology Reports of Osaka University, Vol 3, No. 72, 1953, pages 191-200) discloses aliphatic esters with 8 carbon atoms and aliphatic esters with 10 carbon atoms. carbon atoms.
• US Pat. No. 2,388,742 A describes mixed aliphatic diesters, which are also useful as plasticizers.
• the mechanical properties of the plasticized polymers with these derivatives are excellent, close to those obtained with phthalate type plasticizers.
• the Applicant Company has found that these compounds, and in particular isosorbide dioctanoate, have a tendency to "migrate" out of the object formed from the plastic material. It can also be observed, for example, that the plasticizer "exudes".
• the migration of the plasticizer may result in a loss over time of mechanical and / or optical properties of the polymer, a degradation of the appearance and feel, or even cause problems of printing defect when one wishes to print in a second time the surface of the polymer.
• the resistance to leaching - that is to say the migration in a hot water bath - can also be a decisive property, especially for example for the manufacture of geomembranes.
• some of these compounds have another problem: they may have a volatility that is still a little high. This can be troublesome, especially at the moment when the transformer mixes the plasticizer with the polymer, and even more so when it uses an open mixing system. Indeed, there is a slight loss of plasticizer during processing.
• This diester composition of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol can be obtained by a manufacturing method, object of the present invention, said process comprising an esterification step of 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol by a carboxylic acid composition, said carboxylic acid composition comprising at least one acid of formula C7H15COOH (X) and an acid of formula C9H19COOH (Y), the mass ratio (X) / (Y) ranging from 10/90 at 90/10.
• this composition In contrast to the decanoates of 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol for example, this composition also has the advantage of being liquid at room temperature, this which allows easy dosing of the plasticizer during the manufacture of polymeric objects plasticized with this composition.
• the composition also has the advantage of being able to be manufactured from a less expensive carboxylic acid composition than those used for the manufacture of certain 1,4,5,6-dianhydrohexitol diesters already known from WO 99 / 45060, especially dioctanoates of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol which are manufactured exclusively from n-octanoic acid as the carboxylic acid.
• the process according to the invention comprises a step of esterification of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol with a carboxylic acid composition.
• the process according to the invention generally comprises a step of introducing 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol and a step of introducing carboxylic acids or a composition of carboxylic acids in a reactor.
• the 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol used in the process according to the invention may be chosen from isomannide, isoidide, isosorbide or their mixtures, preferably isosorbide.
• the diesters thus produced from the process according to the invention are respectively diesters of isomannide, isoidide, isosorbide or mixtures of these diesters.
• the carboxylic acid composition useful for the process according to the invention comprises at least two carboxylic acids of formula C7H15COOH (X) and of formula C9H19COOH (Y) and optionally one or more carboxylic acids different from (X) and (Y).
• the two acids X and Y may be, independently or independently of one another, linear or branched, and are preferably linear.
• carboxylic acids other than the acids (X) and (Y), which may be used in the composition of carboxylic acids may be saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, monocarboxylic acids. These carboxylic acids may comprise from 2 to 36 carbon atoms as long as they do not correspond to formula (X) or formula (Y). These carboxylic acids may be acids comprising 6, 12 or 14 or 18 carbon atoms, especially 12 carbon atoms. It is for example hexanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, oleic acid or linoleic acid, preferably lauric acid.
• the carboxylic acid composition used in the process according to the invention may comprise, with respect to its total mass, at least 50% by weight of acids (X) and (Y), for example at least 65%, at least 80%, for example at least 90%, and in particular may consist of acids (X) and (Y).
• the mass ratio (X) / (Y) ranges from 15/85 to 75/25.
• the mass ratio (X) / (Y) ranges from 20/80 to 65/35.
• the composition obtainable by the process of the invention also has the advantage of being much less volatile.
• the mass ratio (X) / (Y) ranges from 25/75 to 55/45.
• the composition which can be obtained makes it possible, when used for plasticizing polymers, to obtain a very low migration. It also has the advantage of being inexpensive.
• the mass ratio (X) / (Y) ranges from 25/75 to 45/55, most preferably from 26/74 to 34/66. It is in these most preferred ranges that a composition with the properties described above that are most improved is obtained.
• the molar ratio (X) / (Y) is other than 25/75, and / or 40/60, and / or 45/55, and / or 50/50, and / or 57/43, and / or 58/42, and / or 65/35, and / or 75/25 and / or 80/20 and / or 85/15.
• the molar ratio (X) / (Y) is not included in the following ranges: 45/55 to 85/15, 45/55 to 75/25, 45/55 to 65/35 or 50/50 to 65/35.
• the esterification step of the process according to the invention can be carried out by any known method of esterification of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol with a carboxylic acid, said process differing from the processes of the prior art in that instead of the carboxylic acid conventionally used, a composition is used. of carboxylic acids comprising at least one acid (X) and one acid (Y), the mass ratio (X) / (Y) ranging from 10/90 to 90/10.
• the amounts of diesters formed during this step are varied as described below.
• the esterification reaction can be carried out under the conventional conditions of implementation already used in the literature. These esterification methods are described for example in the documents WO 99/45060 A1 or WO 2006/103338 A1.
• carboxylic acids 2 moles are generally reacted per mole of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol in the esterification reactor.
• the total sum of moles of carboxylic acids (X), (Y) and other possible carboxylic acids introduced into the reactor is advantageously from 2 to 20 to 1 mole of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol, preferably from 2.5 to 5, most preferably 2.8 to 3.5.
• the esterification step can be carried out in the presence of at least one acid catalyst.
• the acidic catalyst employed for the purpose of esterification may be very varied in nature, for example may be an acid chosen from hypophosphorous acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, para-toluenesulphonic acid (APTS), methanesulfonic acid (AMS), trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroanetic acid, tin ethyl-2-hexanoate, phosphotungstic acid and silicotungstic acid or a mixture of these acids or a macroporous or non-macroporous resin comprising at least one of these acids.
• the catalyst comprises hypophosphorous acid.
• the mass quantity of acid catalyst may range from 0.05 to 20% relative to the weight of 1,4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol introduced into the reactor, for example from 0.1 to 10%.
• the temperature in the reactor can range from 90 to 200%, generally from 100 to 1000%.
• the water is generally removed in order to allow the formation of the diester, this elimination being possible for example by distillation of the reaction medium.
• the reaction medium may be placed under vacuum, for example at a level ranging from 10 to 200 mbar. We can vary the reaction conditions such as the vacuum level and the temperature during the reaction.
• the esterification reaction generally takes the time to obtain a satisfactory conversion to 1,4-, 3,6-dianhydrohexitol diester. It can vary widely and go from 1 to 10 hours.
• a step of neutralizing the introduced catalyst by introducing a base, for example sodium hydroxide, in molar amounts equivalent to the molar amounts of catalyst introduced.
• a base for example sodium hydroxide
• the manufacturing process may further comprise a step of purifying the composition resulting from the esterification step.
• This advantageously consists of at least one evaporation step, for example by distillation, which makes it possible to eliminate most or almost all of the carboxylic acid still present at the end of the esterification step. .
• the diester composition can be subjected to temperature conditions of between 100 and 250 ° C. and at reduced pressures of between 0.1 and 50 mbar.
• This step is preferably carried out in a continuous evaporator.
• Such an evaporator for example of the "falling water” type or better, scraped film type or “short path", limits the temperatures and residence time to which the composition resulting from the esterification step is subjected.
• the process may also include a step of bleaching the diester composition, for example using activated carbons or hydrogen peroxide.
• the treatment with activated carbon is done for example by contacting the composition with 1 to 3% by weight of activated carbon.
• the temperature during this treatment may be close to 100 ° C.
• the duration is usually several tens of minutes, for example for about an hour.
• the activated carbon is separated by filtration.
• a conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching treatment consists, for example, in introducing into the composition to be bleached, over a period ranging, for example, from 30 to 60 minutes, from 0.5 to 2% of 100% hydrogen peroxide, at a temperature ranging from between 90 ° C and 100 ° C, and then the composition is stirred for one to two hours at this temperature.
• the treatment with hydrogen peroxide preferably precedes that with activated carbon. The latter makes it possible to destroy the peroxides that may be present.
• another subject of the invention relates to a diester composition of 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitols obtainable by the manufacturing method described above.
• This diester composition can be obtained from a carboxylic acid composition comprising, in addition to acids (X) and (Y), one or more other carboxylic acids, can be defined more satisfactorily than by its manufacturing process.
• this carboxylic acid composition comprises one or more carboxylic acids other than acids (X) and (Y)
• carboxylic acids other than acids (X) and (Y)
• very complex and diverse compositions are obtained, which will depend on the nature and quantity of the carboxylic acids. other than the acids (X) and (Y) used.
• compositions according to the invention can be more easily defined when only the mixture of (X) and (Y) is used as the carboxylic acid composition.
• the composition produced comprises in mass:
• compositions according to the invention as well as its preferred variants by using the process described above and by varying the mass ratio (X) / (Y).
• mass ratio (X) / (Y) Other examples of diester compositions which can be produced according to the process of the invention are also included in the examples of the present application.
• composition that can be obtained from the process described above, said composition comprising:
• the mass quantities of different diesters can be determined by gas phase chromatography. For example, it is possible to refer to the detailed analytical method in the examples.
• composition comprises:
• the composition comprises
• diester (C) From 1 to 65% by weight of diester (C); the amounts being given relative to the total mass of the diesters (A), (B) and (C).
• This preferred composition has, in addition, the advantage of being significantly less volatile.
• composition comprises:
• This composition is very particularly preferred because it is the one which, when used for the plasticization of polymers, makes it possible to obtain the weakest migration. It also has the advantage of being inexpensive.
• composition is such that:
• composition obtainable by the process according to the invention already described generally comprises the following residual species, sometimes in the form of traces: monoesters of 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol, residual acids, or even of water.
• the composition according to the invention may thus have, with respect to its total mass, at least 80% by mass of diester, for example at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, most preferably at least 98%.
• the diesters (A), (B) and (C) constitute at least 50% of the diester mass of 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol, preferably at least 80%, most preferably at least 90%, by For example, all of the diesters of 1,4-3,6-dianhydrohexitol are present.
• At least one of the diesters of the composition is an isosorbide diester.
• the diester composition is an isosorbide diester composition.
• composition according to the invention contains at least 90% of carbon derived from renewable material according to ASTM D6866.
• 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol can be obtained from mannitol, iditol and sorbitol, which are themselves obtained from starch
• the esters of 1, 4: 3,6- Dianhydrohexitol useful for the invention also have the advantage of being partially biobased, or even completely biobased if carboxylic acid compositions also fully biobased.
• composition according to the invention which has the advantage of being liquid at room temperature (25%), is particularly useful for plasticizing polymers.
• the Applicant has found that the plasticizing composition used to laminate the polymers in an excellent manner, at least as satisfactorily as with the dioctanoates of 1, 4: 3,6-dianhydrohexitol.
• the phenomenon of migration of the plasticizer composition out of the polymer is drastically reduced.
• the polymer may be chosen from vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl chloride and copolymers of vinyl chloride, polyurethanes, polyesters, cellulosic polymers, starches, acrylic polymers, polyacetates, natural or synthetic rubbers, in particular rubbers made from styrene and / or butadiene such as SBR, BR or NBR type rubbers, polyamides or mixtures of these polymers, preferably polyvinyl chloride.
• polyvinyl chloride is meant according to the present homopolymers of vinyl chloride or copolymers comprising vinyl chloride, for example vinyl acetate / vinyl chloride copolymers.
• the polymer thus obtained is a polymer plasticized by the composition according to the invention.
• the constituents of the plasticizing composition are introduced between the chains of the solid polymer and the result, after processing, is a plasticized polymer consisting of a solid phase.
• the polymer Prior to mixing with the plasticizing composition, the polymer may be in any form, for example in the form of granules or powder.
• a polymer paste comprising a mixture of a polymer powder and the composition according to the invention.
• This paste is generally called plastisol and can form objects by the methods described below.
• the average particle diameter of the powder is between 1 and 30 ⁇ , for example between 1 and 20 ⁇ .
• this type of powders can be obtained by preparing the PVC by emulsion or micro-suspension.
• This paste is generally obtained by mechanical mixing, preferably without heating, of the polymer powder with the plasticizing composition.
• the mixtures thus obtained are called plastisols which, depending on the amounts of polymer and plasticizer composition, are more or less fluid.
• the plastisols are prepared in fast mixers of the turbine type, planetary mixers or slow mixers which are planetary mixers with horizontal Z blades.
• the plasticizing composition and the polymer are advantageously mixed in mass proportions such that the amount of The plasticizing composition ranges from 1 to 900 parts per 100 parts of polymer, advantageously from 5 to 180 parts, preferably from 15 to 120 parts of plasticizer composition. They can be introduced into the mixing system by any suitable means, such as feeding hopper, or manually.
• the amounts of plasticizer composition be from 30 to 120 parts per 100 parts of polymer powder.
• optional additives may also be used in addition to the plasticizer composition and the polymer. These additives may be chosen from stabilizers, anti-UV agents, fillers, dyes, pigments, blowing agents, emulsifiers, viscosity-lowering agents which are different from the plasticizing composition, thickeners, mold release agents and agents. bonding agents, antistatic agents, fungicidal agents and odoriferous agents.
• the amounts of each additive are chosen to provide the desired properties during the implementation of the process or for the object finally obtained.
• These additives can be introduced into the composition directly or in the form of a masterbatch.
• the amount of optional additive generally ranges from 1 to 600 parts per 100 parts of polymer (C), generally from 2 to 80 parts.
• the method comprises a thermomechanical mixing step.
• the thermomechanical mixing step is performed in a mixing system which is a mixer for thermoplastics.
• This mixer can be chosen from mixers, BUSS mixers, roll mixers and extruders.
• the plasticizer composition can be introduced in the form of a masterbatch.
• the thermomechanical mixing step is carried out at a temperature adapted to the polymer transformation temperature.
• the temperature of the mixture during the thermomechanical mixing is preferably between 60 and 200 ° C. for a PVC.
• thermomechanical mixture it is possible to use a polymer in any type of form, especially in the form of granules or powder.
• a preliminary dry blending step of the plasticizer composition is advantageously carried out with the polymer before the thermomechanical mixing.
• This dry mixing can be carried out in a simple mechanical mixer, which can be heated to a temperature below the melting or gelling temperature of the polymer.
• the object can advantageously be shaped by calendering, injection, extrusion injection, intrusion, soaking in a fluidized bed, electrostatic spraying, molding, rotomolding, extrusion molding, sintering, thermoforming, pressing, extrusion forming, extrusion sheathing, extrusion blow molding. Coextrusion techniques can also be used to form multilayer objects.
• a method of the plastisol type with the previously described polymer paste is used to form the object according to the invention.
• the forming step is generally a step of coating, dipping, padding, spraying, casting, molding, slugging, or rotational molding of the polymer paste. , which makes it possible to form a preformed object.
• the heating step of the method is a step of firing said preformed object, this step generally taking place after the preforming step (this is the case, for example, of the coating). It can sometimes also take place during the shaping step of the preformed object (this is the case, for example, with dipping, slurring or rotational molding).
• This cooking step can be carried out at a temperature of between 60 and 300 ° C., for example between 100 and 250 ° C., generally between 140 and 220 ° C. It can be done under air or in a controlled atmosphere, for example under an inert atmosphere.
• the shaping step of the object is preferably a step of coating the polymer paste on a support, this coating being performed before the step of firing said coated support.
• the coating step may be carried out on a textile support, a glass web, metal, a synthetic polymer or a paper.
• the coating can be carried out using any coating head, for example using a squeegee or a cylinder.
• This coating is capable of being, according to a first sub-variant, a so-called “coated coating” as described above, or according to a second sub-variant, a coating called “coating without support”.
• the coated support may be detached after firing and the method further comprises a subsequent step of separating the carrier to form a plasticized film or sheet of polymer.
• a support may be made of silicone paper.
• the baking step is generally carried out in an oven, for example a tunnel oven, on a gelling drum or under an infrared ramp.
• the object comprising the plasticized polymer composition may be any type of object, such as a film, a sheet, a granule, a floor covering, a wall covering, a plastic coated fabric, especially an artificial leather, for example for footwear, for leather goods or for furniture, a tarpaulin, a liner for example for a pool, a blind, a flexible container, a garment, a medical product, a glove, a boot, a gasket, a protective coating, a window mannequin , a toy for example a balloon or a doll, a tube, profiles including window profiles, automotive parts such as dashboard, seat, tank or headrest. These parts may be cellular parts, foamed or meringue, that is to say comprising air cells. They can also be on the contrary compact parts.
• compositions according to the invention make it possible to improve the fogging properties of parts made from plasticized polymer using these, and in particular made from plasticized PVC, with respect to the parts of plasticized polymer using 1,4, 3,6-dianhydrohexitols diester already known. This is particularly important for use in cars or in transport.
• compositions according to the invention make it possible to improve the leaching properties of parts made from plasticized polymer, and in particular plasticized PVC, by means of these compared to polymer parts.
• the mass quantity of diester in the composition and the mass proportions in each diester (A), (B) and (C) formed is measured by gas phase chromatography on a Varian 3400 type apparatus with FID detection and split / splitless injector type 1077
• the column used is a DB1 brand J & W Scientific 30 meters long, 0.32 mm internal diameter, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ .
• the temperature conditions are: injector and detector: 300 ⁇ ; column: programming from 100 ⁇ to 320 ⁇ at 7 q C / min, 15 minutes at 320 q C.
• the injection is done in split at 80 ml / min, the pressure at the column head is 14 psi and the gas vector used is helium.
• the mass quantity of diester is given by the ratio of the sum of the areas of the compounds corresponding to the isosorbide diesters to the sum of the areas of all the compounds whose retention time is between 4 and 40 min.
• the mass distribution in diester is given by the ratio of the area of the diester (A), (B) or (C) on the sum of the areas of these diesters.
• TEST 1 A test according to the prior art (“TEST 1”) is carried out according to the following general operating procedure.
• a 1 liter glass reactor equipped with a double jacket supplied with a circulating bath of oil, a stirring blade, a thermometer, a distillation head associated with a refrigerant and 146 g of isosorbide (1 mole) and 423 g of n-octanoic acid (3 moles) are introduced into a distillation recipe.
• the stirring system is operated at 400 rpm, and the bath thermostated with a setpoint of 100 ° C.
• the temperature of the reaction medium reaches 60 ° C.
• 2.92 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid (APTS) monohydrate (2% commercial relative to dry isosorbide) and 0.90 g of hypophosphorous acid are added. 50% or 0.3% dry relative to dry isosorbide.
• the setpoint of the thermostated bath is then set at 150 ° C. and the stirring at 650 rpm.
• the assembly assembly is then connected to a vacuum pump provided with a vacuum gauge whose setpoint is set at 100 mbar.
• the water resulting from the esterification reaction is distilled and collected in the recipe. After 2 hours of reaction, the amount of distilled water corresponds to about 85% of the theoretical amount of water for a total reaction.
• the vacuum is then gradually lowered over an additional 3 hours to 25 mbar, while the temperature of the reaction medium naturally reaches 140 ⁇ . After 5 hours of reaction, the distilled water reaches 97% of the theory.
• the reaction medium is then cooled to about 100, and the strong acidities of APTS and hypophosphorous acid are neutralized by the addition of 1.8 g of 50% sodium hydroxide.
• the unreacted octanoic acid (5 mbar, vapor temperature: 115 ° C.) is then distilled under vacuum.
• the boiler temperature changes from 130 to 220 ⁇ during this evaporation.
• the product is decolorized by treatment with activated charcoal.
• the composition thus purified, called DEI 1 has a mass quantity of isosorbide diester of 99.5%. This has a liquid appearance.
• Test 2 is carried out according to the operating procedure of test 1, substituting n-octanoic acid with a fatty acid mixture consisting of 70% by weight of n-octanoic acid and 30% by weight of n-octanoic acid. -décano ⁇ que.
• the final composition obtained, called DEI 2 has a mass quantity of isosorbide diesters of 99.4%. This has a liquid appearance.
• Test 3 is carried out according to the operating procedure of test 1, substituting n-octanoic acid with a fatty acid mixture consisting of 60% by weight of n-octanoic acid and 40% by weight of n-octanoic acid. -décano ⁇ que.
• the final composition obtained has a mass quantity of isosorbide diesters of 99.8%. This has a liquid appearance.
• Test 4 is carried out according to the operating procedure of test 1, substituting n-octanoic acid with a fatty acid mixture consisting of 30% by weight of n-octanoic acid and 70% by weight of n-octanoic acid. -décano ⁇ que.
• the final composition, called DEI 4 obtained has a mass quantity of isosorbide diesters of 99.4%. This has a liquid appearance.
• the final composition obtained has a mass quantity of isosorbide diester of 99.5%. It has a solid appearance.
• the volatility of the plasticizing compositions is determined.
• the determination of the volatility of the plasticizing compositions is carried out by difference of weighing after a defined residence time in a ventilated oven. A crystallizer is weighed precisely, and an amount of about 5 g accurately weighed the product to be tested is added. The crystallizer is then placed inside the oven at 180 ⁇ for 30 min. Once this time has elapsed, the crystallizer is placed in a desiccator until cool, and then weighed again. The volatility is then calculated according to the following formula: (plasticizer mass starting - plasticizer mass after stay in oven) x 100 / mass plasticizer starting.
• the distribution of the isosorbide diesters (A), (B) and (C) in the compositions of tests 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1 below as well as the volatility for the compositions DEI 1 to DEI 4.
• composition DEI 5 is solid, which poses handling problems (impossible to pump or pour), for example when it is desired to use it for plasticizing polymers.
• compositions DEI 1 to 4 will now be used for polymer plasticization in the following Examples 6 and 7.
• plasticized PVC formulations according to the invention are produced using the following products:
• Stabilizer BAEROSTAB ® NT 319P (Ca / Zn powder): 1, 5 parts
• the preparation of the pressed specimens for the characterization of the mechanical properties is done in several stages.
• plasticized PVC sheets are made using a CARVER type press and a 30 x 30 cm mirror-polished stainless steel mold with a 2 mm thick frame. a mirror polished stainless steel lid.
• a quantity of 180 g of plasticized PVC powder is uniformly poured into the frame placed inside the mold, then the whole is covered with a lid.
• the assembly is placed on the plate of the press preheated to 185 ° and the program which consists in the application of a closing force of 18,000 kg at 185 ° C. for 2 minutes is launched. After cooling to a temperature close to 45%, the PVC plate thus obtained is then demolded.
• the last step is to cut 10 specimens of type 5A (dimensions: 25 mm x 4 mm, thickness 2 mm) using a punch from the plasticized PVC sheets obtained as described above.
• Table 2 below shows, for each composition tested, the stress values at 100% of deformation and deformation at break obtained.
• compositions according to the invention plasticize the polymer at least as satisfactorily as the DEI of the prior art.
• plasticized polymer One of the essential criteria for any plasticized polymer is the migration rate of the plasticizing composition used. Indeed, it must be minimal if one wishes to preserve the properties of the material in time.

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• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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