EP2921240B1 - Tool for an universal punching machine with a floating tool element and universal punching machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a tool for a universal punching machine according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a tool for a universal punching machine, which allows a very small cutting gap.

Fast-releasing punches or presses are known in which follow-on composite tools are used. In this case, after a number of punching strokes, which depends on the number of production steps, and thus on the number of machining operations, namely punching or forming inserts, a component with a predetermined manufacturing progress is produced. The requirements for accuracy of the individual production steps and thus to the position of the machining inserts and a feed of a workpiece are very high here. An upper tool and a lower tool of the progressive tool are therefore usually connected to each other with column guides, so that a high accuracy of the machining inserts in the upper tool and the lower tool can be achieved by a stable design of the tool. The workpiece is fed here in the form of a strip which is introduced between the column guides.

Due to the massive structure of the tool but this is difficult to replace and, due to the column guides, only limited dimensions of the workpiece are possible. In addition, a change in the individual production steps of the tool is only laborious possible, since new inserts must be installed in the upper tool and the lower tool, which must be precisely matched to each other in order to achieve the required accuracy.

In the generic DE 10 2005 007 215 A1 are in a device for machining a workpiece, in particular for cutting or forming a punched part of a strip, two tool parts relative to each other movable, wherein at least one tool part is mounted floating. The tool parts are positioned relative to each other by means of guide posts engaged with guide bushes.

document US 2005 discloses a forming tool with a fixed and a floating tool part for forming a strip-shaped starting material. In the upper tool part, two guide bushings are provided and the lower tool part is provided with two guide columns, so that the tool upper part and the floating-mounted lower tool part are centered during the forming of a workpiece.

The invention is based on the object to provide a tool for a universal punching machine, which does not have the above disadvantages, and with little effort, a great flexibility and high accuracy between allows the machining inserts in the upper tool and the lower tool.

The object is achieved by a tool according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 12. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

By providing a horizontally mounted floating first machining insert having at least one centering aperture in one of an upper tool or a lower tool and a second machining bit having at least one centering projection in the other of the upper tool and the lower tool, it is possible to obtain a very accurate association of the position to achieve the first and second processing use even with occurring tolerances.

The invention will now be explained by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

eine Universalstanzmaschine mit einem bevorzugten, erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeug;

Fig. 2

ein Werkzeug mit jeweils einem einzigen Bearbeitungseinsatz in einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug;

Fig. 3

ein Werkzeug mit jeweils mehreren Bearbeitungseinsätzen in dem Oberwerkzeug und dem Unterwerkzeug;

Fig. 4

ein mit Hilfe des in Fig. 3 gezeigten Werkzeugs bearbeitetes Werkstück;

Fig. 5

eine Querschnittsansicht des in Fig. 3 gezeigten Werkzeugs und des bearbeiteten Werkstücks;

Fig. 6

ein Unterwerkzeug ohne Bearbeitungseinsätze;

Fig. 7

ein Werkzeug mit jeweils mehreren Bearbeitungseinsätzen in dem Oberwerkzeug und dem Unterwerkzeug mit einem Niederhalter; und

Fig. 8

eine vergrößerte Ansicht von Zentriervorsprüngen und Zentrieröffnungen des in Fig. 2 gezeigten Werkzeugs 2.

In particular show:

Fig. 1

a universal punching machine with a preferred tool according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a tool, each with a single machining insert in an upper tool and a lower tool;

Fig. 3

a tool with a plurality of machining inserts in the upper tool and the lower tool;

Fig. 4

a with the help of in Fig. 3 shown tool machined workpiece;

Fig. 5

a cross-sectional view of in Fig. 3 shown tool and the machined workpiece;

Fig. 6

a lower tool without machining inserts;

Fig. 7

a tool with a plurality of machining inserts in the upper tool and the lower tool with a hold-down; and

Fig. 8

an enlarged view of Zentriervorsprüngen and centering of the in Fig. 2 shown tool 2.

In Fig. 1 a punching machine 1 is shown with a tool 2 according to the invention. A component of the punching machine 1 is here a C-frame 3. The C-frame 3 consists of a torsionally rigid Welded steel construction. The frame can also be executed in a different form.

At the rear end of the C-frame 3, a hydraulic unit 4 is provided, with which a plunger 5 is hydraulically driven via a plunger control 6.

The punching machine 1 has an axis 7, which is the center axis of a lower tool holder 9 and the plunger 5 with an upper tool holder 8. The lower tool holder 9 is on the lower inside of the C-frame 3 for the positive and play-free receiving a lower tool 10, which is a tool part of the tool 2, is provided. The lower tool holder 9 is optionally rotatable about a rotary drive, not shown, and lockable in any angular position. Furthermore, the lower tool holder 9 optionally has a drive which moves the lower tool holder 9 along the axis 7. The drive can be controlled so that it stops at any position within its drive path, and then moves backwards or forwards.

The plunger 5 is provided on the upper inside of the C-frame 3. The plunger 5 with the upper tool holder 8 receives a top tool 11 as a tool part of the tool 2 positively and without play. The plunger 5 is also optionally rotatable and can be detected in any angular position. For a second, not shown rotary drive is available. Also, the plunger 5, driven by the plunger control 6, be stopped at any position within its stroke along the axis 7, and then moved up or down.

All actuators, such as the rotary actuators, the plunger control 6 and the drive of the lower tool holder 9 are controlled by a control device 12. The control device 12 has as input and output means a keyboard, not shown, and a monitor, not shown. The control functions are performed by microcontrollers. Processing programs and operating parameters are stored in a memory area of the control device 12.

On the lower inside of the C-frame 2, a machine table 13 is arranged, which has a cross rail 14 with a tool magazine 15. At the cross rail 14 clamping claws 16 are arranged for holding a workpiece 17 in the form of a metal plate. The clamping claws 16 may be secured at suitable locations on the cross rail 14, and may be displaced so that the workpiece 17 is held securely, but the workpiece 17 is not gripped on a surface to be machined. In the tool magazine 15 are several, here three, tool holders 18 for several, here two, tools 2 available.

With the help of the cross rail 14, which is movable in an X and Y direction, machining positions can be approached, so bring the workpiece 17 to a corresponding position at which a punching or forming process is performed. Due to a kinematic chain consisting of drive elements, motion transmission elements and guide elements, however, due to the system, a tolerance of the machining positions, but usually in an order of magnitude, so that a position accuracy of punching is sufficient, and allows sufficiently small cutting gaps.

In Fig. 2 an embodiment of the tool 2 is shown. The tool 2 has the lower tool 10 and the upper tool 11. In the lower tool 10, a first processing insert 19 is provided and in the upper tool 11, a second processing insert 21 is provided.

The first machining insert 19 is floating, meaning that it has a predetermined amount in the lower tool 10 for horizontal movement in all directions. Furthermore, the first processing insert is provided with two centering openings 20, 20 '. The first processing insert is provided here as a die with a bore 24.

The second machining insert 21 is fixedly attached to the upper tool 11. At the second processing insert 21, here two centering projections 22 are fixed to dip into the centering openings 20, 20 'and to center the first processing insert 19 to the second processing insert 21 when the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 10 are in a working position. The centering projections 22 may alternatively be attached to another location of the upper tool 11 and are not necessarily attached to the second processing insert 21. The second processing insert is provided here with a stamp 23. By an interaction of the punch 23 with the bore 24 in the first processing insert 19, it is possible to punch in the workpiece 17 a hole.

The centering projections 22 are here designed as cylindrical pins with a circular cross-section in the direction of centering. The centering opening 20 is formed here as a bore with a circular cross-section. The centering opening 20 'has an elongated cross section in the centering direction in order to to avoid a static over-tuning of a centering device consisting of the centering projections and centering openings.

In an alternative embodiment, both centering openings are provided with a circular cross-section. Although this embodiment is to produce with simpler operations, but it is necessary that the distance between the centering projections 22 then exactly the distance of the centering 20, 20 'corresponds, otherwise a distortion of the centering can occur when a required fit between the centering projections 22 and the centering openings 20, 20 'is not sufficient.

In another embodiment, not shown, the upper tool are provided only with a centering projection and the lower tool only with a centering opening. In this embodiment, both the centering projection and the centering opening in the centering direction have an elongated, substantially rectangular cross-section. The elongated cross section creates a support length against rotation of the first processing insert to the second processing insert so that the position of the first processing insert is fixed to the second processing insert.

In the embodiment shown, the first machining insert 19 is provided in the lower tool 10 and the second machining insert 21 is provided in the upper tool 11. In an alternative embodiment, the assignment may also be different, so that the first floating processing insert 19 is provided in the upper tool 11 and the second processing insert 21 in the lower tool 10.

In Fig. 3 a tool 2 is shown in which both in the upper tool 10 a plurality of first processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'" and in the lower tool 11 a plurality of processing inserts 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" are provided.

The first processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" are also stored floating in the lower tool 10 here. Each of the first processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" is also provided with centering openings 20 here.

The first processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" and the second processing inserts 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" act together in the working position and form punching tools (processing inserts 19) 21) and forming tools (machining inserts 19 'with 21', 19 "with 21", 19 '"with 21'", 19 "" with 21 "").

In Fig. 3 is, as mentioned above, also seen that the centering projections 22 are mounted in the second processing insert 21, but the Zentriervorsprüngen 22 a not on one of the second processing inserts 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "", but directly to the Upper tool 11 are attached.

In Fig. 4 the workpiece 17 is shown with the in Fig. 3 edited tool is edited. Here are the individual steps to recognize.

In two steps I, II, an outer developed shape and two U-shaped cut-outs of a product, in this case a contact tab, are punched with punches 23 with the aid of the punching tool formed from the processing inserts 19, 21.

In a third step III, the U-shaped punched out using the processing inserts 19 ', 21' deformed down. In further work steps IV, V, VI, the product is then gradually transformed and brought into the final form. The distances of the processing inserts, in particular the distances of the active surfaces of the processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "", 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" for punching and forming each have an equal distance, so that the steps in the sense of a progressive tool can be performed.

Fig. 5 shows a cross section of the lower tool 10 and the upper tool 11 and the workpiece 17. Here are again, as already in Fig. 3 shown the same distances of the processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "", 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" to see. Furthermore, it can be seen that the first processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" are arranged so that their upper side is in each case essentially at the same level, but their height is different. In addition, a down device 26 described later is optionally provided.

In Fig. 6 the lower tool 10 is shown without the first processing inserts. Here it can be seen that in each case a recess is provided for the individual first processing inserts. The recesses 25, 25 ', 25 "", 25 "", 25 "" are disposed adjacent in a predetermined direction, and the recesses 25, 25', 25 "", 25 "", 25 "", as well as in FIG Fig. 5 you can see different depths. Further, the adjacent recesses 25, 25 ', 25 "", 25 "", 25 "" have different dimensions in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction. ", 25""it is possible the first Machining inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" directly next to each other without dividers to arrange, but in each case determine a certain extent for a floating movement in a horizontal plane. By omitting the separating webs, the first processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" and thus also the second processing inserts 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" can be arranged closer and thus in the tool 2 with the same outer dimensions more processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "", 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" are provided.

In addition to the in Fig. 3 shown tool 2 has the in Fig. 7 shown tool 2 on the hold-26. The hold-down 26 is spring-mounted and presses the workpiece 17 during an upward movement of the upper tool 11 of the processing inserts 19, 19 ', which are formed as punching tools. Alternatively, it is also possible that only one processing insert 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" has the hold-down 26 that the hold-down 26 for all machining inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 is provided, or that each of the processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" is provided with its own hold-down 26. The hold-down 26 is resiliently attached to the upper tool 11. Alternatively, the hold-down can also be attached to a corresponding device on the universal punching machine 1.

In Fig. 8 are respectively a sectional view of the first processing insert 19 and the second processing insert 21 and therein already in Fig. 2 shown centering projections 22 and centering openings 20, 20 'shown enlarged. The centering projections 22 and the centering openings 20, 20 'each have a cylindrical portion 27, 29, 29'. The cylindrical Portions 27 of the centering projections have a first dimension in each horizontal direction, here a diameter d ₁ , so that the first dimension is equal in each horizontal direction. In the alternative embodiment, in which the cylindrical portion has no circular but substantially rectangular cross-section, these first dimensions are different.

The cylindrical portion 27 of the centering projection 22 is matched with the cylindrical portion 29 so that they can be introduced into each other in virtually any horizontal directions without play. The cylindrical portion 29 'of the centering hole 20' is matched with the cylindrical portion 28 of the centering projection 20 so that in a horizontal direction movement of the centering projection 22 in the centering hole 20 is possible to avoid, as mentioned above, the static overdetermination.

The centering projections 22 furthermore each have a chamfer 28. The chamfer 28 has at one end of the cylindrical portion 27 opposite a second dimension, namely here again a diameter d. ₂

The centering openings 20, 20 'also have a chamfer 30, 30' on an end facing the centering projections 27. The cylindrical sections 29, 29 'of the centering openings 20, 20' have a third dimension in each horizontal direction, here a diameter d ₃ . The chamfer 30 has at its centering projections 27 facing the end in each horizontal direction, a fourth dimension, here a diameter d _4th

A sum of the difference between the first dimension d ₁ and the second dimension d ₂ and the difference between the third dimension d ₃ and the fourth dimension d ₄ in a given horizontal direction is at least as large as a maximum offset between the first machining insert and the second Machining application set. The maximum offset between the first machining insert 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19", 19 "" and the second machining insert 21, 21', 21 ", 21 '", 21 "" becomes in the determined horizontal direction by the machining position tolerance the universal punching machine 1 and by a tolerance of the centering projection 22 in the upper tool 11 and an amount for a floating movement of the first processing insert 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" in the lower tool 10.

In alternative embodiments, chamfers are provided either only on the centering projections 22, 22a or only on the centering openings 20, 20 '.

The various embodiments can be combined with each other.

In operation, the working position is approached via the cross rail 14, that is, the workpiece 17 is brought into a corresponding position, so that it is for its processing at a suitable location. Then, a working stroke is performed by means of the plunger 5 and a component punched or formed from the workpiece 17. If the working position at the edge of the workpiece 17, so that the centering projections 22, 22 a are located next to the workpiece 17, the working stroke is performed immediately. When the working position is located within the workpiece 17 such that the centering projections 22, 22a are not adjacent to the workpiece 17 are located or can dive in the working stroke through an already punched opening in the workpiece 17, an opening for dipping the centering projections 22, 22a is introduced through the workpiece 17 in advance. The centering projections 22, 22 a of the upper tool 21, which dive through the workpiece 17, then enter the centering openings 20, 20 'of the lower tool 10 in order to center the first processing insert 19 to the second processing insert 21 exactly.

In the case of a tool 2 with a plurality of processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "", 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "", which, as in Fig. 4 and 5 shown, is used as a progressive tool, the workpiece 17 for each step by the distance of the processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "", 21, 21 ', 21 ", 21'", 21 "" through the cross rail 14 ( Fig. 1 ) moved on. The opening for dipping through the centering projections 22, 22a for the first processing insert 19, if the working position is not at the edge of the workpiece 17, so that the centering projections pass the workpiece 17, generated in a first punching operation. The openings in the workpiece 17 for the centering projections 22, 22a of the further machining inserts 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" are produced in a previously performed work step. The centering projections 22, 22a for the individual processing inserts 19, 19 ', 19 ", 19'", 19 "" are arranged so that they pass through these openings.

A stroke of the universal punching machine 1, in conjunction with the dimensions of the tool 2, in particular with an arrangement and a length of the centering projections 22, 22a, predetermined so that in a Werkstückverfahrzustand, namely in an upper position of the upper tool holder 8, in which the upper tool 11 is received, the lower end of the centering projection 22, 22a in the vertical direction has a sufficient distance from the lower tool 10, so that the workpiece 17 to be machined between the lower tool 10 and the upper tool 11 can be moved.

If the universal punching machine 1 is provided in an alternative embodiment with an axially adjustable lower tool holder 9, this must be alternatively or in addition to the upper tool holder 8 in a position in which the lower tool received therein does not project into a plane of movement of the workpiece 17, so that the workpiece movement state of the universal punching machine is present.

Claims (12)

1. Tool (2) for a universal punching machine (1), the tool consisting of a lower tool (10) and an upper tool (11), wherein
   at least one first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19"', 19"") having at least one centering orifice (20, 20') and being supported in a horizontally floating manner is provided in one of the lower tool (10) and of the upper tool (11), and
   a second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") and at least one centering protrusion (22, 22a) are fixed in the other of the lower tool (10) and the upper tool (11), and
   the at least one centering protrusion (22, 22a) and the at least one centering orifice (20, 20') are configured and arranged such that the centering protrusion (22, 22a) can immerse into the centering orifice (20, 20') to center the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19"', 19"") with respect to the second machining insert (21, 21' 21", 21"', 21"") when the lower tool (10) and the upper tool (11) are in a working position where the at least one first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the at least one second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") collaborate,
   wherein at least two of the centering protrusions (22, 22a) formed as pins having a circular cross section in a direction of centering are provided for each second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21"', 21"") and two centering orifices (20, 20') are provided in each first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19""),
   characterized in that
   the one of the two centering orifices (20, 20') has a circular cross section and the other of the two centering orifices (20, 20') comprises an elongated cross section.
2. Tool (2) according to claim 1, wherein several first machining inserts (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and several second machining inserts (21, 21', 21", 21"', 21"") are provided and one of the first machining inserts (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and one of the second machining inserts (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") mutually form at least one punching tool and at least one reshaping tool.
3. Tool (2) according to claim 2, wherein the distances between the first machining inserts (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") to one another and of the second machining inserts (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") to one another are identical so that several working steps in the sense of a progressive tool can be executed upon one working stroke of the upper tool (11) towards the lower tool (10).
4. Tool (2) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein notches (25, 25', 25", 25'", 25"") for the first machining inserts (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") are provided in the lower tool (10) or in the upper tool (11), and the notches (25, 25', 25", 25"', 25"") are adjacent in a predetermined direction without any interstice, wherein the adjacent notches (25, 25', 25", 25'", 25"") respectively have a different depth and a different dimension perpendicular to the predetermined direction.
5. Tool (2) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a blank holder (26) for one of the machining inserts (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"", 21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") is provided in the upper tool (11).
6. Tool (2) according to claim 5, wherein a blank holder (26) is provided for each machining insert.
7. Tool (2) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the blank holder (26) is resiliently supported in the lower tool (10) or in the upper tool (11).
8. Universal punching machine (1) having a tool (2) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein
   the universal punching machine (1) has a predetermined stroke with an upper position of a machine-side tool holder (8) for the upper tool (11), and
   the at least one centering protrusion (22, 22a) is arranged and has a length such that, in a state of a work piece displacement, its end is located at a distance from the opposite lower tool (10) or from the upper tool (11) in vertical direction so that a work piece (17) to be machined is displaceable inside the upper tool (11) and the lower tool (10).
9. Universal punching machine (1) having a tool (2) according to any of the claims 1 to 7, wherein,
   in a specific horizontal direction, the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") respectively have a maximum offset with respect to each other consisting of an amount for a floating motion of the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") in the specific horizontal direction in the upper tool (11) or in the lower tool (10) and of a horizontal offset of the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19"', 19"") with respect to the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") caused by a machining position tolerance of the universal punching machine (1), wherein
   the at least one of the centering protrusions (22, 22a) comprises a cylindrical portion (27) respectively having a first outer dimension (d₁) in the specific direction,
   a chamfer (28) respectively having a second outer dimension (d₂) at an end opposite to the end of the cylindrical portion (27) of the centering protrusion (22, 22a) is provided at the end of the cylindrical portion (27) of the centering protrusion (22, 22a), and,
   in the specific direction, a difference between the first dimension (d₁) and the second dimension (d₂) corresponds to the maximum offset between the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"").
10. Universal punching machine (1) having a tool (2) according to any of the claims 1 to 7, wherein,
    in a specific horizontal direction, the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") respectively have a maximum offset with respect to each other
    consisting of an amount for a floating motion of the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19"', 19"") in the upper tool (11) or in the lower tool (10) in the specific direction and of a horizontal offset of the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") with respect to the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") caused by a machining position tolerance of the universal punching machine (1) in the specific direction, wherein
    the at least one of the centering orifices (20, 20') comprises a cylindrical portion (29) respectively having a first outer dimension (d₃) in the specific direction,
    a chamfer (30) respectively having a second outer dimension (d₄) at an end opposite to the end of the cylindrical portion (29) of the centering orifice (20, 20') is provided at the end of the cylindrical portion (29) of the centering orifice (20, 20'), and
    a difference between the third dimension (d₃) and the fourth dimension (d₄) corresponds to at least the maximum offset between the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21"', 21"") in the specific direction.
11. Universal punching machine (1) having a tool (2) according to any of the claims 1 to 7, wherein,
    in a specific horizontal direction, the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") respectively have a maximum offset with respect to each other
    consisting of an amount for a floating motion of the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") in the upper tool (11) or in the lower tool (10) in the specific direction and of a horizontal offset of the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") with respect to the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"") caused by a machining position tolerance of the universal punching machine (1) in the specific direction, wherein
    the at least one of the centering protrusions (22, 22a) comprises a cylindrical portion (27) respectively comprising a first outer dimension (d₁) in the specific direction,
    a chamfer (28) respectively having a second outer dimension (d₂) at an end opposite to the end of the cylindrical portion (27) of the centering protrusion (22, 22a) is provided at the end of the cylindrical portion (27) of the centering protrusion (22, 22a), and
    the at least one of the centering orifices (20, 20') comprises a cylindrical portion (29) respectively having a first outer dimension (d₃) in the specific direction,
    a chamfer (30) respectively having a second outer dimension (d₄) at an end opposite to the end of the cylindrical portion (29) of the centering orifice (20, 20') is provided at the end of the cylindrical portion (29) of the centering orifice (20, 20'), and
    a total of a difference between the first dimension (d1) and the second dimension (d2) and of a difference between the third dimension (d3) and the fourth dimension (d4) at least corresponds to the maximum offset between the first machining insert (19, 19' 19", 19'", 19"") and the second machining insert (21, 21', 21", 21'", 21"").
12. Method for operating a universal punching machine having a tool according to any of the claims 1 to 7, wherein
    a step for blanking a through orifice for the centering protrusions for centering the first machining insert with respect to the second machining insert is provided.

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