EP2920417A1 - Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique - Google Patents

Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique

Info

Publication number
EP2920417A1
EP2920417A1 EP13799240.0A EP13799240A EP2920417A1 EP 2920417 A1 EP2920417 A1 EP 2920417A1 EP 13799240 A EP13799240 A EP 13799240A EP 2920417 A1 EP2920417 A1 EP 2920417A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
bore
deposit
oil
geological formation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13799240.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Wacker
Vladimir Stehle
Aron BEHR
Erich LESSNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Wintershall Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP12195930.8A external-priority patent/EP2740894A1/fr
Application filed by Siemens AG, Wintershall Holding GmbH filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP13799240.0A priority Critical patent/EP2920417A1/fr
Publication of EP2920417A1 publication Critical patent/EP2920417A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
    • E21B43/2408—SAGD in combination with other methods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for introducing heat into a geological formation, in particular in a present in a geological formation deposit, in particular for the recovery of a hydrocarbon-containing substance - in particular petroleum - from the
  • the invention relates in particular to the recovery of viscous, high-viscosity and bitumen-type petroleum oils.
  • Subterranean deposits from a depth of about 75 meters, often use so-called “in situ” methods, which means that in this technique, the oil sands - the sand and the rock with the contained oil - are in place
  • the oil or bitumen is separated from the grain of sand and made more flowable by various methods so that it can be pumped in.
  • the “in situ” methods usually have the principle of increasing the temperature in the ground and thus the viscosity of the bound oil reduce the bitumen and make it flowable, in order to then pump it off.
  • the effect of heat causes long-chain hydrocarbons of the high-viscosity bitumen to split.
  • SAGD steam assisted gravity drainage
  • CSS CSS
  • THAI to heel air
  • VAPEX vapor extraction process
  • the most widely used and applied "in situ" process for the promotion of viscous oils and bitumen is the SAGD process, which is exemplified below.
  • steam is pressed under pressure through a horizontal bore within the reservoir, the borehole is equipped for this purpose with a special slotted injection pipe.
  • the heated, molten and detached from the sand or rock bitumen / heavy oil seeps to a second slotted pipe - the production pipe - that in about 5 m (distance from the injector and production pipe depending on reservoir geometry) deeper horizontal wellbore is introduced and through which the liquefied bitumen / heavy oil is extracted.
  • the water vapor fulfills several tasks at the same time, namely the introduction of heating energy for liquefaction, the detachment of the sand, and the pressure build-up in the reservoir, on the one hand to make the reservoir permeable to bitumen transport (permeability) and on the other hand to facilitate the promotion of bitumen.
  • a mining exploitation process can be found, for example, in the abstract of patent application RU2268356, in which steam from a mining tunnel (shaft) is introduced into a zone in order to subsequently convey oil.
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for introducing heat into a geological formation, in particular in one in a ⁇
  • At least one underground mine construction is made by mining and the mine construction comprises at least one shaft and / or at least one route.
  • Mine construction is particularly for a pit mining or
  • the conductor runs in a first conductor piece within the mine workings.
  • the conductor has at least one conductor section which is designed in such a way that, during operation, an electromagnetic field acts on the ground adjacent to the conductor section by means of electromagnetic induction, so that a
  • This heated substance is, in particular, the said hydrocarbon-containing substance, in particular petroleum present in the subsurface.
  • tunnel is understood to mean a mine construction that is largely horizontal or slightly rising, with the tunnel beginning at the surface of the day.
  • Routes and tunnels are thus usually underground passages. They preferably have at least one
  • soil is to be understood as sandy, possibly solidified, cemented rock as well as rocky rock, including all substances contained in the soil, such as the hydrocarbon-containing, oily constituents to be transported.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous than that because of existing or previously introduced mine structures - ie shafts, routes and / or tunnels - simplified
  • Drilling method can be used to the electrical conductor and drainage lines for conveying the fluid substance, consisting essentially of crude oil and water to bring.
  • the electrical conductor is namely formed in the preferred embodiment as a closed uninterrupted loop, said return conductor can be connected to a frequency generator, which energizes the electrical conductor with a designated frequency.
  • a predominantly straight bore from / to the shaft or from / to the track can be created for the conductor.
  • a bore for a production pipe for the routing of a liquid product from or to the shaft or track can be performed.
  • injection tubes for the introduction of a fluid in the ground, which can also be installed in holes from or to the shaft or from or to the track.
  • shafts and routes for further drilling Due to the inclusion of shafts and routes for further drilling, largely straight, curvature-free holes for the installation of the conductor can be performed.
  • the shafts and stretches can also be used for collecting and for transporting the product. Furthermore, in the shafts and / or routes of
  • Frequency generator or other electronic components for the operation of the electrical conductor to be installed.
  • Section of the conductor can be positioned in a shaft and / or a route, in particular along the Clearre- ckung of the shaft and / or the route or even across the shaft and / or the track.
  • the shafts and routes allow a simplified installation of the conductor in the form of a conductor loop, the two substantially parallel to each other has running conductor sections, with low
  • Curve radii of the conductor loop because the curve of the conductor loop in the shaft and / or track can be done. A hole of curved radii in the ground can thus
  • a desired loop for the electrical conductor is preferably formed so that the electrical conductor is guided by a bore from the frequency generator in a route, where it is guided within the route, possibly with a transition to another route, to the next hole, which again back to
  • Invention also an installation method, wherein in the underground at least one shaft and / or at least one route are created for a pit removal. Furthermore, a hole is made for a conductor in which an electrical conductor is at least partially immersed in the ground - i. into the geological formation - is introduced.
  • the invention also relates to an operating method in which, for an abovementioned arrangement, the conductor is operated in such a way that, during operation, an electromagnetic field acts on the ground adjacent to the conductor section by means of electromagnetic induction, so that a temperature increase and thus a temperature increase Reduction of the viscosity of the substance present in the adjacent soil is effected.
  • an electrical conductor is used, which in operation purposely surrounds an electromagnetic field.
  • electromagnetic induction takes place above a threshold below the unavoidable induction processes as by-products.
  • a first conductor piece of the conductor is arranged in the at least one shaft and / or in the at least one path. This may be implemented so that the conductor in this first conductor piece does not have direct physical contact with the ground and not
  • the first conductor piece can come to rest freely in the shaft or track. As a result, in particular small radii of curvature of the conductor are possible. In addition, access to the ladder by installation or operating personnel is possible.
  • a at least one bore provided for the installation of the electrical conductor can have a curved section and a quasi-horizontal section. Furthermore, the hole in the mine can end.
  • a second conductor piece of the conductor is arranged in a hole in the ground.
  • the second conductor piece may be in contact with the soil.
  • the conductor can be sheathed and / or the bore can be cased, so that the transition of the conductor to the surrounding soil on this mantle and / or this tube and / or voids in the ground occurs. It is too
  • the contact of the second conductor piece with the soil thus takes place either directly or indirectly, in particular by means of components which enclose the conductor cylindrical.
  • direct contact between the conductor piece and ground is not required for the operation according to the invention. It is sufficient that the conductor piece penetrates the ground or is introduced into the ground, without an electromagnetic field of the conductor piece is shielded. Under an arrangement in the ground or a passage through the soil, is not to be understood in the following, the mere placement or laying of the conductor in the mine.
  • the conductor may be retracted in a non-metallic tube. In this case, the conductor does not touch the soil immediately but the surrounding pipe. The tube in turn touches the soil, which also may be present in low surrounding cavities. There is thus an indirect contact between the conductor and the ground.
  • the contact or non-contact of the conductor to the ground per se has no direct influence on the electrical function of the invention, but allows a distinction whether a conductor section is laid in a hole - here, according to the present definition, a contact between conductor and soil - or in a mine.
  • the conductor is in particular without it surrounding piping
  • Sheath of the conductor made of non-metallic material Preferably, two substantially parallel - that is quasi-parallel - stretching two substantially
  • Conductor loop may include a third conductor section, which may be arranged in the first route and a
  • the first conductor section is guided over the first bore or via the at least one shaft to the earth's surface and that the second conductor section is guided via the second bore or via the at least one shaft to the earth's surface.
  • a frequency generator installed on the surface for energizing the electrical conductor can be connected to the conductor.
  • a conductor loop can be brought together and / or closed in a mine construction, in particular in a second route. This can be done in particular by having two conductor ends in the immediate vicinity
  • first conductor section ends at the first distance opposite the first hole in a substantially perpendicular to the first bore extending second distance and that the second conductor portion at the first distance opposite end over the second bore terminates in the second path extending substantially at right angles to the second bore, and at least a fourth conductor section of the conductor loop - preferably two fourth conductor sections - terminates in the second path
  • the two fourth conductor sections preferably run in opposite directions towards each other.
  • Ladder on the surface - Obertage - be arranged.
  • the at least one fifth conductor section preferably provides a connection to a frequency generator.
  • vertical means that such a bore or slot has a vertical vector component that is larger than a horizontal vector component of the bore or well. Ideally, the horizontal vector component is zero, providing a perfectly vertical orientation
  • the fifth conductor section may thus be substantially vertical or inclined with respect to the surface. Furthermore, preferably holes and in this
  • installed pipes can be provided, via which the substance can be discharged or via the water in liquid form or as a vapor, possibly with the addition of other components such as electrolytes, can be fed. This may preferably be done so that between two arranged at a first depth substantially parallel conductor sections parallel to an injection tube for feeding a fluid to be injected into the reservoir and / or a production pipe - a collecting pipe - for discharging a withdrawn from the deposit Fluids is arranged.
  • the said tubes can be slotted and formed permeable in another form, so that liquid and / or gas - possibly. including smaller solids - can enter or exit.
  • a supply of the fluid to be injected to the injection tube may preferably via the at least one pit - a shaft, a track and / or a tunnel - done.
  • Production pipe can be made via the at least one pit.
  • an injection tube and / or an alternative to the conductor in addition to the conductor or after removal of the conductor, an injection tube and / or an alternative to the conductor
  • Production pipe can be arranged. Furthermore, within the second bore, in addition to the conductor or after removal of the conductor, as an alternative to the conductor, an injection tube for
  • Deposit taken fluid can be arranged.
  • the frequency generator can be arranged on the earth's surface or in the mine.
  • ends of the conductor in particular at
  • Pit structures can be arranged quasiparallel two of the at least one shafts or stretches. Furthermore, the at least one route - or both of said two
  • One or more intended for the conductor holes between the mine structures can be in a slope of the
  • the pit construction may be provided in an oil bearing layer of the deposit and / or in by-products of the deposit.
  • the provision in the secondary rocks may preferably be designed such that a first of the at least one route in the ridges of an oil-carrying
  • the design according to the invention further includes, in addition to the above explained as a structural arrangement ideas, the necessary installation steps - ie drilling holes, digging, drilling and insertion of shafts and stretches including required static stabilization measures, the insertion of the conductor into the holes or mining structures (routes or shafts).
  • the method for introducing heat into a geological formation, in particular into a deposit which is present in a geological formation, in particular for obtaining a hydrocarbon-containing substance, in particular bound petroleum in an arrangement described above can be made in time after a flow through the current-carrying conductor Temperature increase of a heated zone of up to 120-140 ° C, the heated zone with an aqueous fluid medium containing water and preferably at least one glucan having a ß - 1, 3-glycosidically linked main chain and ß-1, 6 -glykosidisch bound thereto
  • the glucan may preferably have a weight-average molecular weight of 1.5 ⁇ 10 -6 to 25 ⁇ 10 -6 g / mol.
  • a first embodiment relates to a method for oil production by pit mining, the deposit can be digested mining down the vertical or inclined shafts / tunnels and the tracks can be driven as mine construction, at least two holes can be drilled in the oil-bearing layers in the holes the electrical lines forming the induction loop, can be laid, the deposit inductively heated and the petroleum can be promoted with reduced viscosity, at least one mine in the oil-bearing layer or in the secondary rocks of the oil-leading
  • Lines can be laid in the two holes as well as in the mine workings with formation of a loop.
  • the holes may be drilled at least in two rows, the rows of holes may be positioned to the left and right of the pit construction axis, and the pit may be crossed by quasi-horizontal wellbore sections from both sides.
  • the inductor can be energized until an increase in temperature of the heated zone in the reservoir to up to 120 ° C or up to 140 ° C. After this temperature increase of the heated zone, the heated zone can be flooded with aqueous fluid medium.
  • this fluid medium may comprise, in addition to water, at least one glucan (G) having a ⁇ -1,3 glycosidically linked backbone and side groups ⁇ -1,6-glucosidically linked thereto, the glucan having a weight average molecular weight Mw of 1.5 ⁇ 10 -6 25 * 10e6 g / mol.
  • G glucan having a weight average molecular weight Mw of 1.5 ⁇ 10 -6 25 * 10e6 g / mol.
  • Holes may further be flooded with an aqueous urea solution, preferably containing from 5 to 35% urea (wt.), Wherein the flooding with aqueous urea solution begins after heating the zone to 70 ° -300 ° C.
  • an aqueous urea solution preferably containing from 5 to 35% urea (wt.)
  • the flooding of the inductively heated zone after reaching the temperature 70-140 ° C - determined in this heated zone - begin. While the heated zone is being flooded, further heating of the zone can be set. In this case, the induction loop can be removed from the holes and a horizontal hole can be used as an injector and the other horizontal hole as a production well. Furthermore, during the flooding of the heated zone, the heating of this zone can be continued continuously. Flooding and / or oil production can be carried out by additional drilling drilled from the surface or from the mine to the heated zone.
  • At least two additional horizontal bores can be drilled in the direction of the mine construction without crossing the mine, these two holes can be used to supply the heated zone with steam, in particular water vapor.
  • the pit can be outside the zone of action of the steam chamber - to be called - also called Steam Chamber - ascended.
  • the flood medium can be pressed into the deposit from the mine workings.
  • a first horizontal bore can be used as an injector and another horizontal bore as a production well.
  • at least one pit can be drilled in the oil-bearing layer or in the secondary rocks of the oil-bearing layer and the boreholes with quasi-horizontal, quasi-parallel sections up to the
  • Crossing the pit construction can be drilled from one side, the axes of the quasi-horizontal wellbore sections can be oriented quasi-perpendicular to the axis of the mine and the electrical lines in the two holes and in the mine can be laid with the formation of a loop.
  • the quasi-horizontal wellbore sections may be drilled predominantly in the aquifers which support below or within the oil bearing layer.
  • the water-conducting layers can be heated inductively during operation, wherein the heating of the oil-carrying layer by transferring the heat from the water-bearing layers to the oil-bearing layer takes place.
  • the holes may be drilled at least in two rows, wherein the rows of holes can be positioned to the left and right of the pit construction axis and the mine can be crossed from both sides with quasi-horizontal wellbore sections.
  • a frequency generator may be provided, which the
  • Inductor loop with a frequency between 1kHz and 500kHz feeds Preferably, the frequency generator may be designed explosion-proof in a special embodiment.
  • the frequency generator can be used especially in mine construction
  • the ends of the induction loop can be stationed.
  • the ends of the induction loop can be connected in a specially arranged, separate explosion-proof terminal box, which is opposite to the frequency generator explosion-proof completed and sealed.
  • the frequency generator can be designed as a converter with power semiconductors. These can preferably be water-cooled and recooled via a special recooler via the mine water.
  • a heat pipe or a thermosiphon can be installed which permits explosion-proof cooling on its own and operates independently of an external cooling medium.
  • the inverter can be designed in a special design, which is containerized weatherproof and in which the power components are mounted shockproof.
  • the invention further relates in one embodiment, a method for oil production by pit mining, wherein the
  • Deposit can be opened down mining, the vertical or inclined shafts / tunnels and the tracks can be drilled as mine work, the holes can be drilled in the oil bearing layers, in the holes, the electrical lines, the
  • Forming induction loop can be laid, the
  • Induction loop can be laid, wherein the initial portion and the end portion of the induction loop can be arranged in a pit and a part of the
  • Induction loop in the other mine between two bore entrances can be moved freely. Furthermore, it can be provided that the mine construction, in which the start section and the end section of the induction loop are arranged, can be connected to a top through a quasi-vertical bore. In this hole, sections of the induction loop or electrical leads for connecting the induction loop can be routed to the frequency generator or the electrical energy source.
  • the electrical conductor may be formed as an induction line so that he high-frequency current, loss as
  • Operated resonant circuit can carry. Since both ends are preferably connected to the frequency generator, the induction line forms an induction loop. The technical realization of the electrical line is performed as a resonant circuit.
  • the frequency generator can be designed as a frequency converter, which converts a voltage having a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz from the mains into a voltage with a frequency in the range of 1 kHz to 500 kHz.
  • the frequency converter can be installed on a day-to-day basis.
  • the frequency inverter can be placed in a pit.
  • the two quasi-parallel mine structures can preferably be ascended at different depths.
  • the start portion and the end portion of the induction loop may be located in the pit that is higher than the second pit.
  • At least one non-continuous production well can be drilled from a mine that connects the heated reservoir zone to one of two quasi-parallel well structures.
  • at least one production well may preferably be drilled in the storage zone heated by the induction loop.
  • at least one non-continuous injection well from a mine can be drilled between two continuous quasi-parallel bores in which the induction loop is arranged.
  • Conduction of the induction loop are laid, are used as production wells.
  • the hole can be used simultaneously or in succession for the induction loop and for the removal of production.
  • the freed from the electrical line bore can be used as a production well. It may also be provided that the freed from the electrical line bore is used as injection hole.
  • the return or the feeding electrical line of the induction loop can be removed from a bore and routed in an adjacent through bore.
  • the orientation of the holes is carried out according to the geological conditions.
  • the two quasi-parallel mine structures can be driven in the direction of strike of the oil-bearing layer and the through holes in the incidence or in the
  • the oil deposit can be developed by disc removal and opposite to the direction of fall (floating disturbance), whereby for each disc two quasiparallel pits can be driven. Between two continuous quasi-parallel bores additionally at least two continuous quasi-parallel bores can be drilled in the oil-bearing layer and a gap between the additional holes are formed. Through gaps can be between additional
  • the mines can be ascended at least in two horizons, driven through between the mines through-cuts in each production horizon and the through-cuts with continuous
  • the invention further relates to a method for establishing the already explained arrangement for introducing heat into a geological formation, in particular in a deposit present in a geological formation, in particular for obtaining a hydrocarbon-containing substance from the deposit, wherein in the geological formation
  • An electrical conductor is at least partially introduced in the geological formation.
  • the conductor is installed in a first conductor within the mine.
  • the conductor has at least one conductor section which is formed such that, in operation, an electromagnetic field acts on the ground adjacent to the conductor portion by means of electromagnetic induction, so that a temperature increase and thus a reduction in the viscosity of a substance present in the adjacent soil is effected.
  • a second conductor piece of the conductor is arranged in a hole in the ground, so that the second conductor piece is in contact with the soil.
  • Section is drilled in a curvature. Furthermore, a quasi-horizontal section can be drilled, whereby the drilling is completed in the pit, so that the hole ends in the pit.
  • a conductor loop can be laid in holes and mine workings.
  • the conductor loop can be laid largely horizontally with a first conductor section in a first bore.
  • the conductor loop can be laid largely horizontally with a second conductor section in a second bore.
  • the first bore and the second bore preferably end in a substantially perpendicular extending first distance.
  • the conductor loop may thus have a third conductor section which is arranged in the first path and through which a connection
  • the previous embodiments are essentially based on the heating for the promotion of present in the deposit Petroleum or other carbonaceous substances.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used in other environments or fields of application, mining, tunneling and / or construction.
  • the heating of substances which can be excited or excited by means of induction can be used to assist, for example, the extraction of metals from ore deposits.
  • Underground leaching is a well-known and widely used technology in recovering many metals, e.g. Uranium, gold, copper, cobalt. Become this technology
  • aqueous solutions e.g., weak solution of sulfuric acid
  • the solutions filter through the porous or fissured rock / ores.
  • the oxidizing solution mobilizes the metals, with the efficiency of mobilization and / or leaching highly dependent on the temperature of the reservoir and / or the solution.
  • the use of the described device allows the temperature increase directly in the Erzlager- site, which reduces the leaching time and increases the yield.
  • Figure 1 - a schematic representation of a mining
  • FIG. 3 shows a representation of an oil deposit, mine structures and installed conductors, and the thermal effect of the operated conductor
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of an oil deposit, mine workings, installed ladders and production pipes
  • FIG. 5 is an illustration of an oil deposit, mine workings, and installed fluid injection ladder
  • FIG. 6 is a representation of an oil reservoir, mine workings, and installed ladder with alternative fluid flow
  • Figure 7 is an illustration of an oil reservoir, mine workings, and installed ladder with further alternative fluid injection.
  • Figure 8 - a vertical section of the oil reservoir
  • FIG. 9 shows a representation with mine structures in secondary rocks during mining development of an oil reservoir with high oil layer thickness
  • FIG. 10 shows a mechanical formation of a continuous gap between holes
  • FIG. 12 shows a section along FIG.
  • FIG. 14 shows an alternative deposit with a route
  • FIG. 15 shows a vertical cross-section of the mine construction and the deposit with the mine in the oil-carrying layer
  • FIG. 16 shows a vertical cross section of the mine construction and the deposit, with the mining work in adjacent rocks
  • FIG. 18 shows a vertical section of a deposit transverse to the mine shaft
  • FIG. 20 shows a vertical section of the deposit along the pit, along area D-D;
  • FIG. 1 shows an oil reservoir - hereinafter also referred reservoir, production layer or merely as storage - with highly viscous petroleum or bitumen or
  • Heavy oil for example, a dynamic viscosity, ie viscosity, from 200 to 1,000,000 cP, where cP stands for centipoise, and wherein said values in the SI system from 0.2 to 1000 Ns / m 2 correspond
  • This oil reservoir is said to be open to mining in the figures, ie it has been developed for mining by means of mine construction and comprises shafts and stretches. The shafts and routes are in particular for the access of
  • a mine is to be understood as a mine construction in mining, with which the deposit is opened up from the surface - above ground. Manholes serve to transport people and material.
  • a shaft is, in particular, significantly larger in size than a diameter of a current-carrying conductor over which an electromagnetic field is to be built up in the underground during operation.
  • a shaft is perpendicular or inclined to the vertical inclined into the ground, i. into the geological formation.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a simplified structure of a simple pit construction as a section in plan view. Two shafts 1 are provided to connect to the surface. Furthermore, in the plane shown
  • Routes 2, 3, 4 provided.
  • the routes 2 are preferably available for access in the deposit underground.
  • the distances 3 and 4 are preferably substantially parallel
  • Tracts that enclose or penetrate a potential oil-bearing layer Tracts that enclose or penetrate a potential oil-bearing layer.
  • the surrounding area can as
  • the vertical or inclined shafts 1 are sunk into the ground - i. driven underground into the underground.
  • the routes 2, 3, 4 as further mine construction in the
  • the mines - ie shafts 1 and 2, 3, 4 - are preferably located in secondary rocks of oil-bearing strata or directly in the oilfields
  • the mine structures can be used for the ventilation of the mine construction network - ie the supply of air -, the transport of materials and the oil to be demanded.
  • two substantially parallel sections 3 and 4 are created in the underground.
  • the routes 3, 4 can be horizontal or inclined.
  • the stretches 3, 4 should preferably be erected or raised in the oil-bearing layer or in the adjacent rocks - next to the oil-bearing layer.
  • the continuous quasi-parallel bores 6 become, according to FIG. 1, underground from a distance - e.g. Route 3 - and ending in another route - e.g. Track 4 - drilled.
  • Conventional mobile mining drilling rigs can be used for this.
  • the cost of building the holes 6 in this case are much lower than the possible drilling costs when drilling these holes directly from the surface, especially because only one straight
  • the routes 3 and 4 are arranged in the underground. These sections may lie in a horizontal plane (not shown) or as indicated in FIG.
  • Distances 3 and 4 are the holes 6 - in section of the figure 2, only one bore 6 can be seen - provided to install through it an inductor cable.
  • the distance between the routes 3 and 4 can be, for example, from 20 to 1000 meters wide.
  • oil bearing layer 5 are built (see Fig. 2A), especially when the rocks of the oil-bearing layer are stable and a gas excretion from the rocks of the oil-bearing
  • Layer 5 is low, and the oil is highly viscous and not under gravitational forces and storage pressure in the
  • Quasiparallel sections 3 and 4 can also be built in secondary rocks 18 above, below or next to the oil-bearing layer 5 (compare FIGS. 2B and 2C), which are often more stable than the rocks of the oil-bearing layer 5.
  • FIG. 3A an arrangement of sections 3 and 4 known from FIGS. 1 and 2 as well as bores 6 in a plan view of a largely horizontal section plane will be explained schematically how an inductor cable can be installed and which physical effects result during operation ,
  • an electrical conductor 7 is laid, which is designed as a conductor loop.
  • the electrical conductor 7 is designed as a so-called inductor and is operated in operation with alternating voltage, so that builds up around the conductor 7 an electromagnetic alternating field, which in turn in the naturally existing electrical conductivity of the reservoir stimulates eddy currents, so that Joule heat generated - ie in the
  • Deposit Block 12 - bound oil or other liquids are thus indirectly or directly heated.
  • the conductor 7 preferably consists of a series of inductively and capacitively acting elements which form a series resonant circuit formed as a loop whose ends are connected to the frequency generator which energizes the loop.
  • the electrical conductor 7 forms a conductor loop in which a substantially straight start portion 71 in the
  • Line 4 comes to rest, then continues over a bend 74 in a predominantly straight second line section 75.
  • This second line section 75 is guided in one of the bores 6.
  • the conductor 7 is then positioned over a further curvature 6 by a third largely straight line section 73 in route 3.
  • Ladder 7 is arranged. In this way, an almost completely closed conductor loop is formed. All that is missing is the frequency generator which is to be attached to the start section 72 and to the end section 71. This can be done within the course 4. Alternatively, as indicated in Fig. 3A, the conductor 7 by a in
  • Line sections which are connected to the start section 72 and to the end section 71 are led to the surface or to another mining level, where again the frequency generator can be arranged.
  • the conductor 7 is laid in the holes 7 which are provided explicitly for the conductor 7, wherein the start section 71 and the end section 72 of the induction loop of the conductor 7 are arranged in section 4 and released there can be moved.
  • Holes 6 may for example be in the interval of 10 to 200 meters. Typical distances between the back and forth
  • the vertical bore 8 can also be used as a shaft. 1
  • connection of the induction loop can thus be laid in the shaft 1.
  • the electrical leads 10 may also be formed as an inductor.
  • the electrical leads 10 may be formed as a cable with few losses that only in the plane shown in Fig. 3A to an inductor that generates a significant electromagnetic field.
  • the frequency generator 11 or the frequency converter can also be placed underground in a mine, e.g. in route 4.
  • the frequency generator 11 preferably has an explosion-proof and / or weatherproof design.
  • a hole 8 can be provided for each storage block 12 or per conductor loop.
  • a bore 8 may be provided for many conductor loops and / or for many reservoir blocks 12. Under suitable energization of the conductor 7, an alternating electric field forms around the conductor 7, which in the
  • This heating zone 13 as surrounding soil is also shown in Fig. 3A, wherein the heating is not adjusted only in the illustrated sectional plane, but in a three-dimensional volume.
  • the two quasi-parallel stretches 3 and 4 can, as already explained with reference to FIG. 2, be arranged at the different depth, i. can be driven in different Teufe, wherein the initial portion 71 and the end portion 72 of the induction loop 7 in the higher of the two sections 3, 4 can be arranged.
  • the different depth of the routes 3 and 4 (as shown in Fig. 2) favors the inflow of the
  • a conductor 7 may have a longitudinal inductivity of 1.0 to 2.7 ⁇ / m (micro Henry per meter length).
  • cross-capacitance is 10 to 100 pF / m (pico farads per meter of length).
  • the characteristic frequency of the array is due to the loop length and shape and the transverse capacitance across the inductor loop.
  • the conductor loop or induction loop acts as an induction heater during operation to introduce additional heat into the deposit.
  • the active area of the conductor may describe a nearly closed loop (ie, an oval) in the substantial horizontal direction within the deposit.
  • the active area can be - possibly
  • Conductors can be electrically connected to a power source - a Frequency generator - be contacted. It is preferably provided that the line inductance of the conductor is compensated in sections by discrete or continuously executed series capacitances. It can be provided for the line with integrated compensation that the frequency of the frequency generator is tuned to the resonance frequency of the current loop.
  • the capacitance in the conductor can be formed by cylindrical capacitors between a tubular outer electrode of a first cable section and a tubular inner electrode of a second cable section, between which a dielectric is located. Likewise, the adjacent capacitor is formed between the following cable sections. The dielectric of the capacitor is chosen so that it meets a high dielectric strength and high temperature resistance.
  • Capacitor types can be integrated into the line.
  • the entire electrode can already from a
  • the insulation furthermore prevents a resistive current flow between the forward and return conductors.
  • tubular electrodes can be connected in parallel.
  • the parallel connection of the capacitors can be used to increase the capacitance or to increase its dielectric strength.
  • a compensation of the longitudinal inductance can be carried out by means of predominantly concentrated transverse capacitances: Instead of introducing more or less short capacitors as concentrated elements into the line, the Capacity pad - which is a two-wire cable such. B. provide a coaxial line or multi-wire cables anyway over their entire length - are used to compensate for the L jossinduktterrorismen. For this purpose, the inner and outer conductors are alternately interrupted at equal intervals, thus forcing the flow of current through the distributed transverse capacitances.
  • the structural design of the conductor loop can be made as a cable design or as a solid conductor design.
  • a frequency generator for driving the electrical conductor is preferably designed as a high-frequency generator.
  • the frequency generator can be constructed in three phases and
  • Power semiconductors include as components.
  • the circuit may include a voltage impressing inverter.
  • a voltage impressing inverter In such a generator can for the
  • operation under resonance conditions may be required to achieve reactive power compensation.
  • the drive frequency is suitably adjusted during operation.
  • Inductors are controlled as output via a matching network of inductors and capacitors. A waiver of the matching network However, it is possible if the inductor is designed as an induction loop, which allows the adjustment of the required resonant frequency due to their inductance and the capacitive coating.
  • the described frequency generators can basically be used as voltage-impressing power converters or, accordingly, as current-impressing power converters.
  • the temperature in the heating zone 13 depends on the
  • This temperature can reach up to 300 ° C and is adjustable by changing the current through the
  • the regulation takes place via the frequency generator 11.
  • the electrical conductivity of the deposit can be determined by additionally injecting water or another fluid, e.g. As an electrolyte can be increased.
  • FIG. 3B A typical temperature profile is shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the ordinate indicates the temperature T
  • the abscissa is the local position in the deposit
  • the dashed lines representing the nearest points to an inductor section
  • the illustrated temperature profiles correspond to the arrangement of FIG. 3A.
  • a control of the conductor 7 took place over a period of time, initially no removal of the heated fluids having taken place.
  • the temperature development initially occurs due to the induction of eddy currents in the electrically conductive layers of the reservoir block 12.
  • temperature gradients ie places higher temperature than the original reservoir temperature (the original reservoir temperature corresponds to the zero value of the ordinate axis in the diagram).
  • the places of higher temperature arise where eddy currents are induced.
  • the starting point of the heat is therefore not the induction loop or the electrical conductor, but it is through the electromagnetic field in the
  • thermal conductivity Due to the temperature gradient that occurs over time, heat conduction also occurs depending on the thermal parameters such as thermal conductivity, which compensates for the temperature profile. With a greater distance from the conductor 7, the strength of the alternating field decreases, so that only a lower heating is possible there.
  • FIG. 3B shows the temperature profile at a time when the production of the oil has already begun. The temperature in the reservoir has been compensated by heat conduction.
  • the design of the electrical arrangement is therefore preferably chosen so that the penetration depth of the electromagnetic field typically corresponds to half the distance of the horizontally formed inductor conductor. This ensures that the electromagnetic field of a back and forth
  • the number of holes in relation to the thickness of the reservoir can be kept optimally low.
  • the electromagnetic field reaches electrically conductive layers further away from the inductor cable and induces eddy currents there.
  • the advantage is that it is a self-penetrating effect, which means that the absolutely introduced power into the reservoir can always be kept constant, eg. In the
  • the highest specific power density is near the inductor cable, but as soon as the fluids are removed, the lower radius has a lower specific power density, but in a larger volume, with the result that the absolute power introduced is even remains the same, z. Eg 1MW.
  • This can not be achieved by other electrical methods: for example, in the case of a heating element (similar in construction to an immersion heater), the environment can be introduced into the environment
  • the arrangement for inductive heating of the deposit which is shown in Figures 2 and 3, is only one possible variant.
  • At least one non-continuous production well 14 can be drilled from a mine. This is shown in Fig. 4.
  • Non-continuous here means that the production bore 14 is a kind of blind hole, which in contrast to the holes 6 starts from track 4 but does not end in track 3.
  • the production well 14 can be connected to a delivery pipe
  • the delivery pipe is intended to receive the fluent fluid including the oil and transported away.
  • the number of production wells 14 depends on the dimensions of the reservoir block 12.
  • an installation of a second conductor 77 is also indicated, which is laid in two further holes 6, wherein the distance between the next leading line sections of two adjacent conductors 7 and 77 preferably be at least twice the distance of the penetration depth of the alternating field should.
  • the oil flows due to reduced viscosity in the production wells 14 and in each case installed delivery pipe.
  • the flow of oil can be assisted by injecting fluids (water, water with additives, steam).
  • the flooding media can be simultaneously injected into the two through holes 6 defining the reservoir block 12. Injecting the fluids into the two through holes 6 may occur during the heating of the reservoir block 12 and / or after the completion of the
  • each reservoir block 12 (at low reservoir depth) may be connected to the surface 9 through a vertical bore 16. This is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the bore 16 meets the heating zone 13 in the oil-carrying layer 5 and may be used for fluid flooding or for oil production.
  • the one or more packers 15 may be installed on the higher-elevation side 4 as shown in the figures. Possibly. however, it may be advantageous to install the packer 15 or packers on the side of the lower-lying section 3.
  • Fig. 7 between two continuous quasi-parallel holes 6, in which the induction loop of the conductor 7 is laid or was moved to a previous period, at least one non-continuous injection hole 17 - provided for an injection pipe - as a blind hole drilled from any of the 3 or 4 routes.
  • Injection bore 17 preferably begins after reduction of the oil viscosity in reservoir block 12.
  • the continuous holes 6 provided for the conductor 7 can additionally be used as production bores.
  • Drilled hole 6 (dashed lines in Fig. 4 indicated). The liberated from the electrical line bore 6, however, can be used as a production well or injection well.
  • a lateral section of a deposit is shown schematically in analogy to FIG. 2, wherein in the routes 3 and 4 and in the bore 6 of the conductor 7 is introduced.
  • the conductor 7 is connected via the electrical leads 10 within the vertical bore 8 to the surface 9 of the frequency generator 11.
  • the conductor 7 is connected via the electrical leads 10 within the vertical bore 8 to the surface 9 of the frequency generator 11.
  • the conductor 7 is connected via the electrical leads 10 within the vertical bore 8 to the surface 9 of the frequency generator 11.
  • vertical bore 16 is present, which allows a fluid from the surface to the oil-bearing layer 5 to be transported and injected there.
  • Fig. 9B is a plan view corresponding to the section B- B in the vertical height of the distances 3 and 4 and the bore 6 is shown. It is made clear that an oil-bearing layer 5 as shown can also be curved or can take any shape.
  • FIG. 10 shows, analogously to FIG. 2, a vertical section parallel to one of the bores 6.
  • FIG. 10B shows a matching vertical section.
  • Fig. 10C shows an alternative embodiment to Fig. 10B, which does not correspond to Fig. 10A.
  • the bores 19 and 20 are bored in a vertical plane (see FIGS. 10A and 10B) or in the plane of incidence of the oil-bearing layer 5 (see FIG. 10C).
  • a rope 21 of a Seilschrämauss 22 is laid and formed a column 23 in the oil-bearing layer 5 by sawing.
  • the distance between holes 19 and 20 is 1-10 meters.
  • Correspondingly wide is also the column 23, which can be formed continuously or not continuously between mine structures 3 and 4. 2
  • the column 23 begins at distance 4 and ends, as far as the Seilschräm réelle 22 has penetrated so far.
  • the gap 23 thus becomes longer during operation of the cable cutting device 22.
  • the column 23 extends starting from route 4 in the direction of the route 3.
  • a Seilschräm réelle 22 is usually used mainly in coal mining and now according to this embodiment, for oil extraction. Bitumen and high-viscosity oil often accumulate in geological strata with strengths smaller than the strength of the coal, e.g. B. in little cemented sand.
  • the oil of the deposit acts as a lubricant in the oscillations of the rope 21 in the holes 19 and 20. Thus, the frictional forces of the rope 21 are substantially reduced and the energy of the Seilschräm réelles 22 is mainly for cutting / sawing the oil-leading
  • the mines are at least divided into two production horizons - i. different depth - ascended in secondary rocks.
  • routes 3 and 4 are created as before.
  • the further sections 31 and 41 are arranged in a similar manner in the ground in a second level. Between the pairs of tracks 3, 4 and 31, 41 are in each
  • the burrs 24, which are built in different winners are also connected to through holes 6.
  • the burrs 24 - which also represent a distance - traverse the oil-bearing layer 5.
  • the burrs 24, which are built in a conveying horizon are connected to each other by means of continuous transverse to the slits 25 bores.
  • a conductor loop is then installed in a first bore 25 in the first delivery horizon, in a second bore 25 in the second delivery horizon and in two holes 6. This is shown in Fig. 12, the one
  • Section along the plane C-C represents, wherein the section C- C is again performed in the inclined plane of the holes 6.
  • the induction loop of the conductor 7 introduced into the holes 24 and 6 (see FIG. 12) is operated again during operation for heating the deposit, in particular the oil-carrying layer 5.
  • FIGS. 13-18 show different embodiments with respect to FIGS. 1-12. Furthermore, however, an attempt is made to use the same reference numerals.
  • Section merges after a curvature 68 in a substantially horizontal extension of the bore 69.
  • the bore 69 terminates in the distance 2.
  • the conductor loop of the conductor 7 thus follows, starting from a frequency generator 11 of the surface 9 of the holes 67, the curvature 68, the bore 69 and a crosspiece 70 in the route 2, and again by another the holes 69, a further bend 68 and a further bore 67 to the surface 9.
  • the conductor loop is closed by the other end of the conductor loop is also connected to the frequency generator 11.
  • the conductor loop is then operated via the frequency generator 11.
  • track 2 for the conductor loop allows a conductor loop to be laid which has a small radius of curvature in the transition between bore 66 and track 2 which is significantly less than a curvature made possible by a drill head.
  • the conductor loop kinks at this point.
  • the holes can be essentially limited to a respective curved point, whereby the drilling process can be easily performed.
  • two conductor loops 100 and 101 are installed, each of which has a conductor section 70 in a section 2, as just described. These conductor portions 70 may be formed so as not to emit electromagnetic waves, so that the conductor loops 100 and 101 do not adversely affect each other.
  • a conductor loop 102 is shown in Fig. 14, which consist of 4 holes from the surface, each with 2 holes meet from opposite sides in the distance 2.
  • FIG. 15 now shows the illustration of FIG. 14 in a vertical section.
  • a connection is made from the surface 9 into the oil-conducting layer 5.
  • a bend of the shaft takes place in a substantially horizontal extension.
  • the now horizontally extending shaft now ends in the route 2, which is also located in the oil-bearing layer 5, wherein the route 2 can in turn be connected to a vertical shaft 1.
  • FIG. 16 now shows a slightly modified illustration of FIG. 14 in a vertical section, with two sections 2
  • both sections 2 are vertically above one another and connected to a shaft 1 with each other.
  • the bore for the inclined shaft 80 is again made obliquely from the surface 9 into the oil-bearing layer 5. Now takes place after a curvature of a connection of the shaft to one of the routes 2 such that the shaft extends substantially straight and in a straight line with the routes 2 is connected. If now a conductor loop is installed in this hole, it runs as far as possible in the desired area of the oil-bearing layer 5 and only in the edge region in the vicinity of the line or in the supply of the
  • a first implementation is disclosed, in which the distance 2 is arranged above the oil-carrying layer 5, and a second
  • oil-carrying layer 5 is arranged.
  • Underground may become high ambient temperatures after proper heating of the storage site
  • thermosiphon or a heat pipe which acts as an absolutely closed cooling system
  • the working medium of the closed cooling circuit which can be based on evaporation for the removal of heat and re-condensation, requires a cold end in which the cooling medium is re-condensed.
  • an electrically operated heat pump can be used.
  • Working medium in the cooling circuit media come into question, which evaporate at atmospheric pressure between 60 ° C and 120 ° C, e.g.
  • an intended terminal box - a terminal box - for the connection of the forward and return conductors explosion proof and sealed executed by the inverter, so that no explosive pit gases can penetrate, due to non-excludable partial discharges
  • the presented arrangements and methods are particularly advantageous for a bitum deposit z.
  • oil viscosity 100 OOOcP It could be stored at a depth of 150-200 meters below the surface.
  • the deposit may be formed by an oil-bearing layer with a thickness of 20 - 30 meters and an angle of incidence of 25 - 30 °.
  • the oil can, under the given conditions in the layer at a temperature of 8 ° C, be immobile or slightly mobile for high viscosity.
  • the oil-bearing layer can largely be constructed of sand with a low degree of cementation.
  • the surface may be partially built up over the reservoir contour. In this case, for example, two vertical manholes can be drilled at the boundary of the reservoir contour. A hole from the surface is not needed.
  • the filling systems as well as the transport and weathering sections can be built in the secondary rocks of the oil-bearing layer.
  • Piping in particular made of plastic and laid therein at least in two adjacent holes, the electrical lines that form the induction loop.
  • At least one impact - resistant frequency generator can be installed. After heating the
  • the previously used induction loop can be removed and the petroleum promoted with reduced viscosity.
  • the previously explained method can be further improved by additional steam injection into the ground. So this is a combination of drilling, mine construction and steam assisted mining technology.
  • Thickness which varies, for example, between 12 and 21 meters, in a depth of, for example, about 200 meters.
  • Bitumen viscosity is approximately 50,000-100,000 cP and the deposit has very low permeability. As a result, a Dampfaufnähme in the deposit by a Dampfinj tion holes is low. This complicates the achievement of hydrodynamic communication between adjacent ones
  • the deposit has a determinable electrical resistivity, which is determined by ions dissolved in water and results from the individual composition.
  • Bitumen layer stores a dilute sand layer with a thickness of about 5-10 meters.
  • the electrical conductivity of the water-borne sand layer is significantly higher than the electrical conductivity of the oil-bearing layer.
  • Gas content in the oil-bearing layer is extremely low.
  • the storage temperature is for example 5-8 ° C. At this temperature, the oil is not flowable.
  • the deposit 5 is characterized by an inclined shaft 6 and a horizontal
  • the inclined holes 66 intersect the horizontal mine 2.
  • the distance between the horizontal sections of the holes 66 may be 10-150 m and the length 200-2000 m. In two horizontal
  • Drill holes 66 and the mine 2 is an induction cable. 7 4 g
  • the induction loop is connected to the high-frequency generator 11 and radially around the feeding and returning portions of the induction loop 7, the inductive heating of the diluted layer begins.
  • the temperature in this layer can be about 70 ° to 300 ° C after the full development of the process.
  • the conductive and convective heat transfer ensures the relatively rapid increase in temperature in the upper production layer. After reducing the oil viscosity, the oil through the additional holes 95th
  • the additional bores 95 can be drilled from the mine 2 or surface.
  • Some additional holes 95 may be used for steam flutes.
  • C02 flooding the oil viscosity is reduced by the solvent-like action of CO 2 and steam flooding by the increase in temperature.
  • Flood media can be increased by the addition of suitable viscosity-increasing additives.
  • suitable viscosity-increasing additives include, for example, the polymer flooding, in which one increases the viscosity of the aqueous phase by the addition of polymers or the
  • Additional holes 95 are flooded with aqueous urea solution.
  • the hydrolysis of the urea begins with the formation of gases: carbon oxide and ammonia. The higher the temperature, the faster
  • the aqueous solution has, for example, the following composition: urea of 5 to 35% (wt) and water, with water representing the remainder (ie 65% -95%) % (Weight)).
  • the flood of the injection loop from the holes 66 can be used after the injection of the injection loop from the holes 66. In this case, the flood of the
  • the length of the blockages may be 50-500 m, depending on the length of the horizontal borehole sections.
  • the holes either have slotted tubes or are non-piped holes.
  • the inductively heated zone may also be flooded with a viscous aqueous flooding medium which, in addition to water, floats at least one glucan (G) with a ⁇ -, 3-glycosidically linked backbone and ⁇ -1, 6-glycosidically linked side groups, the glucan one weight average molecular weight Mw of 1.5 * 106 to 25 * 106 g / mol.
  • This flooding medium belongs to biopolymers and reduces their viscosity only when the temperatures are above 120-140 ° C.
  • the flooding medium may have the following composition: glucan (G) - from 0.1 to 5 g / l, water - remainder.
  • Boreholes 66 with thickened water increases the de-oiling of this zone. If the zone is overheated and has temperatures above 140 ° C, the zone may initially be flooded with water or aqueous urea solution. After cooling the zone up to 140 ° C, the polymer flooding can begin.
  • steam can also be introduced into the underground in an earlier production phase.
  • This is also referred to below as SAGD, “Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage.”
  • SAGD Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage
  • the inductive heating of the deposit may be considered as supporting the SAGD procedure.
  • a SAGD hole is referred to below a hole that etation for the Dampfinj or a removal of the
  • the pit structure 2 is built into the production layer 5 (Figs. 18, 19). The deposit comes with two
  • Holes 90 is 150-300 meters. This distance prevents the vapor breakthrough in the mine 2.
  • the mine 2 can be driven away in the SAGD bore 90.
  • the mine 2 In order not to disturb the SAGD process, the mine 2 is driven outside the zone of action of the steam chamber 91 (a so-called steam chamber).
  • From surface up to crossing of mine construction 2 become two drilled horizontal holes 66 for receiving a conductor loop in the area in which the steam chamber 91 subsequently propagates (Fig.17).
  • the distance (D) between the axes of the horizontal borehole sections 66 ( Figure 20, in which a section in the plane DD indicated in Figure 18) is equal to or slightly greater than the width of the fully developed steam chamber 91 and may be 20-100 m
  • the induced in the bores 66 induction loop 7 causes the temperature increase in the steam chamber 91.
  • the inductively heated zone 13 (Fig.21, in which a in
  • Fig. 19 indicated section in the plane E-E is shown) reduces the steam or water consumption and allows the realization of the SAGD method with reduced vapor pressure.
  • the horizontal bores are drilled from both sides of the mine 2 (Fig.22).
  • At least two quasi-parallel mine structures - in particular stretches - in the oil-bearing layer or in the supporting stones can be provided, wherein at least two continuous quasi-parallel bores can be drilled between the mine structures, in the holes
  • Induction loop can be laid, wherein the initial portion and the end portion of the induction loop is placed in a pit and a portion of the induction loop is exposed in the other pit construction between two bore entrances;
  • a first mine work in the ridges of the oil bearing layer and a second pit in the brines of the oil-bearing layer are driven up;
  • the oil deposit is developed by disc removal and opposite to the direction of fall (floating disturbance), wherein for each disc two quasi-parallel pit structures are driven up;
  • - Be drilled between two continuous quasi-parallel holes additionally at least two continuous quasi-parallel bores in the oil-bearing layer, thereby forming a gap between the additional holes;
  • the continuous column is formed between additional holes with a Seilschräm réelle;
  • the mines are set up at least in two production horizons, the excavations are made between mines in each mine, and the passages are connected to each other with through holes.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous if shafts and / or sections are already present and now liquefiable, but highly viscous oil stocks are to be extracted.
  • the inclusion of the existing manholes and / or lines allows to install a conductor loop with a simple drilling technique and a simpler boring tool, since for the most part only straight boring or a single curvature per borehole is limited.
  • Invention is particularly advantageous for conveying heavy oil. Furthermore, the invention is particularly advantageous for conveying oil bound in sand layers, wherein the sand layers of rock and rock can be at least partially limited.
  • the sand layers may be solid due to cementation.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique, en particulier dans un gisement (12) présent dans une formation géologique, en particulier pour extraire une substance hydrocarbonée du gisement (12). Au moins une excavation sous-terraine (1, 2, 3, 4) est obtenue dans la formation géologique au moins à la façon des mineurs et l'excavation (1, 2, 3, 4) comprend au moins un puits (1) et/ou au moins une galerie (2, 3, 4). Un conducteur électrique (7) est introduit au moins en partie dans la formation géologique. Le conducteur (7) s'étend dans un premier élément conducteur (73) à l'intérieur de l'excavation (1, 2, 3, 4). Le conducteur (7) comprend en outre au moins une partie (75, 76), laquelle est conçue pour que, durant l'utilisation, un champ électromagnétique agisse sur le terrain (13) adjacent à la partie (75, 76) du conducteur par induction électromagnétique, de manière à entraîner une augmentation de la température et donc une diminution de la viscosité d'une substance présente dans le terrain (13) adjacent. En outre un second élément conducteur (75, 76) du conducteur est disposé dans un trou (6) dans le terrain (13).
EP13799240.0A 2012-12-06 2013-11-22 Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique Withdrawn EP2920417A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13799240.0A EP2920417A1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2013-11-22 Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12195930.8A EP2740894A1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Agencement et procédé d'apport de chaleur dans une formation géologique au moyen d'une induction électromagnétique
EP12195958 2012-12-06
PCT/EP2013/074457 WO2014086594A1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2013-11-22 Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique
EP13799240.0A EP2920417A1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2013-11-22 Système et procédé permettant de faire entrer de la chaleur dans une formation géologique par induction électromagnétique

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EP2920417A1 true EP2920417A1 (fr) 2015-09-23

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US (1) US10087715B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2920417A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015013195A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2893876A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2015126797A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014086594A1 (fr)

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DE102014223621A1 (de) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Lagerstättenheizung
EP3440308A1 (fr) 2016-04-13 2019-02-13 Acceleware Ltd. Appareil et procédés de chauffage électromagnétique de formations d'hydrocarbures
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CA2893876A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
US20150315887A1 (en) 2015-11-05
WO2014086594A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
BR112015013195A2 (pt) 2017-08-29
US10087715B2 (en) 2018-10-02
RU2015126797A (ru) 2017-01-12

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