EP2917792A1 - Inertia or balance setting of a hairspring-balance assembly for a timepiece - Google Patents

Inertia or balance setting of a hairspring-balance assembly for a timepiece

Info

Publication number
EP2917792A1
EP2917792A1 EP13782685.5A EP13782685A EP2917792A1 EP 2917792 A1 EP2917792 A1 EP 2917792A1 EP 13782685 A EP13782685 A EP 13782685A EP 2917792 A1 EP2917792 A1 EP 2917792A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balance
machining
inertia
balancing
hairspring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13782685.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2917792B1 (en
Inventor
Thierry Conus
Marco Verardo
Christian Charbon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nivarox Far SA
Nivarox SA
Original Assignee
Nivarox Far SA
Nivarox SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nivarox Far SA, Nivarox SA filed Critical Nivarox Far SA
Priority to EP13782685.5A priority Critical patent/EP2917792B1/en
Publication of EP2917792A1 publication Critical patent/EP2917792A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2917792B1 publication Critical patent/EP2917792B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/08—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels
    • G04D7/082—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels for balancing
    • G04D7/085—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels for balancing by removing material from the balance wheel itself
    • G04D7/087—Automatic devices therefor (balancing and loading or removing carried out automatically)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49579—Watch or clock making
    • Y10T29/49581—Watch or clock making having arbor, pinion, or balance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a pendulum-balance assembly mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism which comprises, mounted on a platinum bearing a pin by the intermediate of a cock, said sprung-balance assembly comprising a balance pivoting about a pivot axis and a spiral, of which an inner turn is fixed to said balance or to a ferrule mounted integral with said balance and of which an outer turn is fixed to said Piton for his maintenance to cock.
  • the invention relates to the field of clock oscillator mechanisms spiral balance.
  • the document FR 2 179 744 A1 FAR describes a method for balancing and adjusting the oscillation frequency of a sprung balance, by removal of material at the cutting tool, at the level of the strut of the balance, in correlation with measuring and control means, without special protection of the hairspring.
  • CH 532 284 A SUWA SEIKOSHA KK discloses a rotor balancing apparatus, and a resumption of the balance, with the hairspring fixed to the ferrule. This recovery is performed with a drill, which requires the stop and the maintenance of the pendulum for the execution of the machining operation.
  • CH 704 21 1 A2 SWATCH GROUP R & D relates to a protection of the spiral against electromagnetic radiation, and this document indicates a rule of proportion between the diameter of the balance and the diameter of the outer coil of the spiral, without mentioning the end curve and attachment to the peak, or possible contacts with a racket.
  • the invention proposes to ensure the safety of the hairspring of a balance-hairspring assembly, when placing inertia or balancing of the balance when said hairspring and this balance are already assembled to one another, and in particular when the sprung balance assembly is already mounted in the watch movement.
  • the difficulty is to prevent any alteration of the spiral when the resumption of the pendulum.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a balance-spiral assembly mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism which comprises, mounted on a carrier plate of a stud by means of a cock, said sprung-balance assembly comprising a balance pivoting about a pivot axis and a spiral, of which an inner turn is fixed to said balance or to a ferrule mounted integral with said balance and including a turn is attached to said pin for its support to said cock, characterized in that:
  • said pendulum and said hairspring are manufactured, and they are irreversibly assembled to one another by fixing said inner coil to said rocker arm or to said ferrule mounted integral with said rocker arm; the said outer turn is fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, to the said pin which is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to said cock;
  • a recovery machining technology is chosen for the inertia setting and / or balancing of said balance by removal of material from tool machining or by abrasion or projection of a laser or plasma beam or by projecting a fluid jet, said recovery machining technology being implemented by a recovery means comprising means for ablation and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment;
  • the value of a first difference is defined, constituting the minimum distance between any point of said balance spring and a machining recovery zone for placing the inertia or / and balancing said balance;
  • a peripheral surface devolving to the setting of inertia or / and the balancing of said balance, at the periphery of said balance, is determined as said machining recovery zone, any point of said surface being remote from said spiral of at least the value said first predefined deviation, to prevent any change in the characteristics of said hairspring during an irreversible machining resumption of said beam on said peripheral surface for the inertia setting and / or balancing of said balance on said assembled balance-hairspring assembly;
  • the value of a second deviation greater than or equal to said first deviation and constituting the minimum distance between said peak and said peripheral surface distant from said peak of a greater value is defined; at a second predefined gap, to prevent any change in the characteristics of the attachment of said hairspring to said peg when resuming machining of said balance on said peripheral area for the inertia setting and / or balancing said balance on said assembly assembled;
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically and in perspective, a sprung-balance assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows, schematically and in perspective, the outer end of a hairspring in a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 shows schematically and in section passing through its pivot axis, the sprung balance assembly of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows, schematically and in top view, a detail of a single adjustment means of a rocker devolved especially after-sales;
  • Figure 5 shows, schematically and in section passing through its pivot axis, a groove detail in the sprung balance assembly of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 schematically and in plan view, the assembly of FIG. 1 mounted between a bridge and a cock, which has a recess for channeling a suction flow in the alignment of an orifice of FIG. a platinum;
  • Figure 7 is a local section of this figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a watch comprising a movement enclosing such a balance-spiral assembly.
  • the invention thus relates to a clock oscillator mechanism 10, intended to be incorporated in a watch movement 100, and comprising, mounted on a plate 8 carrying a pin 7 via a cock 80, to at least one pendulum balance-balance unit comprising a rocker 2 pivoting about a pivot axis D and a spiral 3.
  • An inner coil 4 of this spiral 3 is fixed to the balance 2 or to a ferrule 5 mounted integral with the balance 2, and an outer turn 6 of this hairspring 3 is fixed to the pin 7 to hold it to the plate 8 or to the cock 80.
  • the invention is described here in the particular case of a single and single spring balance regulator member, the person skilled in the art will be able to extrapolate the invention to the case of several rockers and / or several spirals.
  • the rocker 2 comprises a machinable peripheral surface 20, which is spaced from any point of the spiral 3 by a value greater than a first predefined distance E1, to prevent any modification of the characteristics. spiral 3 during an irreversible machining resumption of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 machinable for the implementation of inertia and / or the balancing balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
  • machining By resuming machining is understood here any operation likely to locally modify the inertia of the pendulum: addition of material, displacement of material, removal of material.
  • This operation can be done, without limitation, by taking up the cutting or abrading tool (milling, turning, grinding or similar), by laser, in particular a picolaser or even a femtolaser, by spraying material by jetting, by deformation under the action of a tool, by localized fusion, by heat treatment modifying the structure of the material, or other.
  • any area 25 of the beam 2 located below the machinable peripheral surface 20 is made with at least its surface comprising a heat treatment and / or a surface treatment conferring on it a greater resistance to the normal to a machining tool or by abrasion or laser, or / and is made of a material resistant to machining by tool or abrasion or laser.
  • first difference E1 can be understood, in the most general case, in any position of the hairspring 3, it is also possible to set particular deviation values specific to each of certain specific positions of the hairspring: at rest, in positive amplitude maximum oscillation amplitude, maximum negative oscillation amplitude, or other.
  • peripheral surface 20 is distant from the radially most eccentric point of the active part (that is to say subjected to oscillation) of the outer turn 6 of the spiral 3 of a value greater than this first gap E1.
  • the first predefined distance E1 is greater than 0.50 mm.
  • the first predefined distance E1 is between 0.50 mm and 1, 20 mm.
  • the first predefined distance E1 is between 0.50 mm and 0.70 mm.
  • the hairspring 3 is bent into a bend 31 and / or twisted into a twisting zone 32, at or near its attachment to the peg 7 so as to move away from the peripheral surface 20 the active portion 61 of the outer turn 6 of the hairspring 3.
  • This active portion 61 of the hairspring 3 is thus remote from the peripheral surface 20 of machining resumption of the balance 2, and preferably from a distance greater than 2/3 of the radial grip of the peripheral surface 20, which is annular in projection in a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis D.
  • the peripheral surface 20 is distant from the piton 7 by a value greater than a second predetermined distance E2, to prevent any modification of the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during a resumption of machining the balance 2 on the peripheral zone 20 for the inertia setting and / or the balancing of the balance 2 on assembly 1 assembled. And in particular to prevent any modification of the characteristics by indirect heating of the hairspring 3.
  • the second predefined gap E2 is greater than 0.05 mm.
  • This second predetermined difference E2 is preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.20 mm. In a particular application, the second predefined difference E2 is between 0.05 mm and 0.10 mm.
  • the second difference E2 can be understood, in the most general case, in any position of the hairspring 3, it is also possible to set particular values of deviation specific to each of certain specific positions of the hairspring: at rest, in positive amplitude maximum oscillation amplitude, maximum negative oscillation amplitude, or other.
  • the peripheral surface 20 is accessible from at least one side of the balance 2 to an ablation means and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or projection and / or heat treatment in a volume outside a first surface 21.
  • This first surface 21 is of revolution about the pivot axis D, and is based on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20.
  • the first surface 21 is, again, at a distance greater than a third distance E3 of any active point of the hairspring 3 to prevent any change in the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing of the balance 2.
  • the first surface 21 is a cone whose vertex S1 is on the same side as the spiral 3 with respect to the balance 2.
  • the figures illustrate a simplified case of recovery of inertia of the balance 2 on one side, said upper 2A.
  • the first surface 21 is composed of two half-surfaces, one on each side of the beam of the beam 2, for example with two portions of cones of opposite openings.
  • the access volume to the modification means of the inertia of the balance 2 to the peripheral surface 20 is limited, not only on the side of the spring 3 by the first surface 21, but also, on the outer side, by a second surface 22.
  • the peripheral surface 20 is accessible from at least one side of the rocker 2 to a means for ablation and / or reloading in a volume delimited by two surfaces coaxial with the pivot axis D, a first surface 21 based on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20 and at a distance greater than a third distance E3 from any active point of the hairspring 3 to prevent any change in the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during a resumption of machining of the rocker 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing of the balance 2, and a second surface 22 resting on another radius 202 of the peripheral surface 20 and greater than the minimum radius 201 and defining a protective envelope of the clock mechanism surrounding the sprung-balance assembly 1 during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the setting of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
  • this second surface 22 is intended to ensure the protection of the spiral 3 against a direct projection, or indirectly by reflection or ricochet, of a chip or other waste, on a surface of the balance, or a bridge , or a rooster.
  • the second surface 22 is a cone whose apex S2 is on the opposite side to the spiral 3 with respect to the rocker 2.
  • the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 together define, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle ⁇ less than a predetermined value ⁇ itself less than 45 °.
  • the tangent to the first surface 21 at the peripheral surface 20, in the plane of the pivot axis D, makes, with the pivot axis D, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle ⁇ less than a predetermined value ⁇ , which is linked to the predefined value E3.
  • the tangent to the second surface 22 makes, with the pivot axis D, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle ⁇ smaller than a predetermined value D.sub.0. In a particular application, this angle OD is 45 °.
  • the value of the third difference E3 is advantageously between 100% and 120% of the value of the first difference E1, and preferably the value of the third difference E3 is equal to the value of the first difference E1.
  • the sprung balance assembly 1 is designed to be set at the factory for its theoretical walk, and has no moving element whose improper handling can create a significant time error.
  • the hairspring 3 is foolproof, that is to say that this balance-hairspring assembly 1 does not include a raquet, nor element for acting on the hairspring 3 or on its peg 7 which is also foolproof .
  • the rocker 2 comprises at most inertia adjustment means whose adjustment range is very small, with very little regulating power, for example a few seconds or a few tens of seconds per day.
  • These means are for example constituted by visselottes, which are held stationary in a so-called recovery position, which is either a fixed position determined for example by a notch, or which is a bearing position on an abutment surface.
  • recovery position which is either a fixed position determined for example by a notch, or which is a bearing position on an abutment surface.
  • These jackets are maintained in this fixed position of recovery for the duration of the resumption of machining inertia setting and / or balancing. Their reduced adjustment range is only used after-sales.
  • the rocker 2 comprises at least two housings 28, each arranged for receiving a set screw 9 mounted prisoner on either side of a peripheral section 29 of the rocker 2.
  • This screw 9 is movable only between a first stop position 91 on the balance 2, on which a first head 93 that includes the screw 9 is held in abutment during a factory setting in which is performed the irreversible machining of the balance 2, and a second stop position 92 defining an end of stroke of a second head 94 that includes this screw 9.
  • the difference PR between the first stop position 91 and the second stop position 92 limits the regulating power of the screw 9, which The regulating power is preferably limited to 30 seconds per day for after-sales needs. In a particular embodiment, as can be seen in FIG.
  • the balance 2 thus comprises, as sole adjustment means, adjusting screws 9 that are only movable between a first stop position 91 on the balance 1 on which their head 93 is in position. support in factory setting, and a second stop position 92 limiting their power regulation limited to 30 seconds per day for the needs of after-sales.
  • These adjustment screws 9 constitute the only adjustable elements in service of this balance-sprung assembly 1, after the irreversible machining inertia setting or / and balancing done in the factory. It is understood that, in the case of the presence of adjusting screws, the inertia setting and the balancing necessarily take place with the adjusting screws in an abutment position.
  • the balance 2 does not contain any adjustment means.
  • the sprung balance 1 is then free of any raquetterie and any adjusting means in use.
  • the rocker 2 is machined for its inertia setting and / or its equilibration in the form of narrow grooves S, of depth P greater than at least once their width L, and preferably greater than at least three times their width L.
  • the spiral 3 may be made of silicon or silicon oxide or monocrystalline diamond or polycrystalline diamond or glass or metal glass or amorphous metal or quartz or a paramagnetic material or a ferromagnetic ferromagnetic material or antiferromagnetic alloy.
  • the spiral 3 is thermally pretreated so as to withstand localized heating in a neighboring zone during a resumption of operation. machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2.
  • the invention also relates to a clock oscillator mechanism 10 comprising at least one balance-spiral assembly 1 with spiral 3 unmountable without raquetry mounted on a plate 8 carrying a pin 7 via a cock 80.
  • the cock 80 is of unobstructed shape, and comprises at least one clearance 81 to facilitate a suction flow created in the mechanism 10 when a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
  • the suction would indeed be inefficient in the presence of two platinum surfaces 8 and 80 cock face to face on both sides of the balance 2
  • the plate 8 or a cock 80 that it has in the vicinity of this sprung-balance assembly 1 comprises at least one through hole 82 to facilitate a suction flow created in the mechanism 10 during a machining recovery.
  • the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
  • a surface treatment or protection prohibiting cutter or laser material removal for example, reflective surface protection in the latter case
  • the inner portion under this threshold diameter being made of a material prohibiting a removal of material by cutting tool or laser.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement 100 comprising such an oscillator mechanism 10 with balance-spiral assembly 1 spiral 3 foolproof, with piton 7 foolproof, without raquetterie and without other adjusting means in service that the set screws 9 described upper.
  • the clockwork movement 100 comprises such an oscillator mechanism 10 with a balance spring-balance 1 with a spiral 3 which can not be adjusted, with an inaccessible peak 7, without adjustment and without any adjustment means in service.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece 200 comprising at least one such movement 100, preferably this piece 200 is a watch.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a balance-sprung assembly 1 mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism 10 which comprises, mounted on a plate 8 carrying a peak 7 by means of a cock 80, the balance 1 balance-balance comprising a rocker 2 pivoting about a pivot axis D and a spiral 3, including a turn 4 is attached to the balance 2 or to a ferrule 5 mounted integral with the balance 2 and an outer turn 6 of which is fixed to the pin 7 for its maintenance at the cock 80.
  • the pendulum 2 and the hairspring 3 are manufactured, and they are irreversibly assembled to one another by fixing the inner turn 4 of the hairspring 3 to the rocker 2 or to the shell 5 mounted integral with the rocker 2;
  • the outer turn 6 of the spiral 3 to the stud 7 is fixed in a foolproof manner and is fixed in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation relative to the cock 80;
  • a recovery machining technology is chosen for the inertia setting and / or balancing of the balance 2 by removal of material from machining with the tool or by abrasion or by projection of a laser or plasma beam or by projecting a jet of fluid, the recovery machining technology being implemented by a recovery means comprising means of ablation and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment;
  • a first difference E1 constituting the minimum distance between any point of the hairspring 3 and a machining recovery zone for the inertia setting, is defined according to the choice of the rework machining technology. / and balancing balance 2;
  • a peripheral surface 20 devolved to the setting of inertia or / and balancing of the rocker 2, at the periphery of the rocker 2, is determined as said machining recovery zone, any point of the surface 20 being remote from the spiral 3 at least the value of the first predefined distance E1, to prevent any modification of the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during an irreversible machining resumption of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing the pendulum 2 on the assembled sprung balance 1 assembly;
  • a second difference E2 greater than or equal to the first distance E1 and constituting the minimum distance between the peak 7 and the peripheral surface 20 distant from the peak 7 is defined, depending on the choice of the recovery machining technology. a value greater than a second predefined distance E2, to prevent any modification of the characteristics of the attachment of the spiral 3 to the stud 7 during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral zone 20 for the setting of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled;
  • the trajectory of the recovery means is limited to internal volume to a second surface 22 based on the maximum radius 202 of the peripheral surface 20 and defining a protective envelope of the oscillator mechanism 10 and a shield of the spiral 3 against a direct projection, or indirect any chip or other waste, the second surface 22 being a cone of second vertex S2 oriented on the pivot axis D and whose second apex angle ⁇ is less than a second predetermined value ⁇ 0.
  • the first vertex S1 of the first surface 21 is on the same side as the spiral 3 with respect to the balance 2.
  • the second vertex S2 is on the opposite side to the balance spring 3 with respect to the pendulum 2.
  • the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 together define, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, a third angle ⁇ smaller than a third predetermined value ⁇ less than 45 °.
  • the second predetermined value ⁇ 0 is 45 °.
  • any zone 25 of the rocker 2 located below the peripheral surface 20 is produced, and whose distance from the pivot axis D is less than the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20, with at least its surface having a heat treatment and / or a surface treatment giving it a resistance greater than the resistance of the peripheral surface 20 to machining by tool or abrasion or by laser, or / and the zone 25 is made of a material more resistant than the peripheral surface 20 to tool or abrasive or laser machining.
  • At least one said zone 25 is made with a surface treatment of carburizing or nitriding.
  • At least one said zone 25 is produced with a metallization surface treatment to render its reflective surface to the laser beams in the usual wavelengths for the machining lasers.
  • the spiral 3 is made before it is attached to the balance 2, with its said outer turn 6 bent and / or twisted at its attachment to the stud 7 so as to move away from the peripheral surface.
  • the plate 8 or / and the cock 80 are made in such a way as to allow access of the recovery means to the peripheral surface 20.
  • the pendulum 2 is machined in the form of narrow grooves S of greater depth P at one time their width L.
  • the spiral 3 is made of silicon or silicon oxide or monocrystalline diamond or polycrystalline diamond or glass or glass metal or amorphous metal or quartz or a paramagnetic material or a ferromagnetic material or antiferromagnetic alloy.
  • the ends of the hairspring 3 are fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, relative to the pendulum 2 on the one hand and to a pin 7 which is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to a platinum 8 or a rooster 80 of a movement 10;
  • any adjustment means 9 of the rocker arm are immobilized in a recovery position
  • the outer turn 6 is fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, to the pin 7 which is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to the plate 8 or the cock 80 of the movement 10;
  • each adjustment screw 9 of the balance 2 is immobilized in a first stop position 91 on the balance 2 in which a first head 93 that includes the screw 9 is held in abutment on a peripheral section 29 of the balance 2.
  • the first predefined distance E1 is selected with a value of between 0.50 mm and 1, 20 mm.
  • the first predefined distance E1 with a value between 0.50 mm and 0.70 mm is chosen.
  • the second predetermined difference E2 with a value between 0.05 mm and 0.20 mm is chosen.
  • the second predefined distance E2 with a value between 0.05 mm and 0.10 mm is chosen.
  • the plate 8 or / and the cock 80 are made so that the peripheral surface 20 is accessible from at least one side of the balance 2 to an ablation means or and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment in a volume outside a first surface 21 of revolution about the pivot axis D and based on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20 and a distance greater than a third distance E3 from any active point of the hairspring 3 to prevent any change in the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during an irreversible machining resumption of the rocker 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing the pendulum 2.
  • a first surface 21 is chosen which makes, with the pivot axis D, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle ⁇ less than a predetermined value ⁇ .
  • the balance 2 is equipped with at least two housings 28 each arranged for the reception of a setting screw 9 mounted on either side of the peripheral section 29 of the balance 2, and where the screw 9 is movable only between the first stop position 91 on the rocker 2 on which a first head 93 that includes the screw 9 is held in abutment at the factory setting during which is performed the irreversible machining of the balance 2, and a second stop position 92 defining a limit of a second head 94 that includes the screw 9, the difference between the first stop position 91 and the second stop position 92 limiting the regulating power of the screw 9, which power regulation is limited to 30 seconds per day for the needs of after-sales.
  • the spiral 3 prior to its attachment to the balance 2, is thermally pretreated so as to withstand localized heating in a neighboring zone during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for placing the inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2.
  • the rooster 80 is made with an unobstructed shape and having at least one clearance 81 through which a suction flow is circulated that is created in the mechanism 10 during the recovery of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
  • the plate 8 is made with at least one through hole 82 to facilitate a suction flow that is created in the mechanism 10 during the resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the surface.
  • the oscillator mechanism 10 is adjusted aftermarket with the only adjustment means being the screws adjustment 9 of the balance 2.
  • an envelope volume of action of the machining recovery means is defined, at least beyond a first surface 21 as defined above, and the opposite side to the hairspring 3. with respect to this first surface 21.
  • the machining recovery means namely, as the case may be, the axes of the laser or plasma beams or the like, machining pins in directions such as the thermal effects or the chips or dust emitted do not come into the grip of the hairspring.
  • these axes are oriented in the angle sector ⁇ , of value equal to the angle ⁇ , as visible in Figure 3, so that the reflection of the rays, flux, chips and dust is done away from the spiral 3.
  • the invention is well suited, in particular, to the machining of inertia recovery and / or balancing in an assembled motion.
  • the definition of a second envelope surface 22 of security as presented above, protects the other components of this movement, it is then ensured that the reflection of the streams and waste remains between the two surfaces 21 and 22.
  • the presence of a suitably oriented suction flow in particular ascending from S2 to S1 in the example of FIG. 3, makes it possible to further improve this safety, and to ensure the cleanliness of the movement 10 after this operation. of recovery.
  • the movement 10 after its last adjustment of operation constituted by this operation of recovery of inertia and / or balancing of the balance, no longer undergoes adjustment in the factory. If the balance is equipped with adjustment screws 9, as explained above, the after-sales service then has a limited adjustment range.
  • the invention makes it possible to prevent any alteration of the balance spring during the recovery of the balance.
  • An induced effect is to facilitate the irreversible balancing machining, thanks to particular geometrical characteristics.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Abstract

A method for the inertia and/or balance setting of a hairspring-balance assembly involving the following steps: - producing a balance (2) and a hairspring (3), and irreversibly assembling them; - fixing in position, in a foolproof manner, the outermost turn (6) of the hairspring (3) to a stud (7) that is immobilised by irreversibly fixing in a foolproof manner to a balance coq (80); - defining a peripheral surface (20) of the balance (2), of which every point is separated from the hairspring (3) by a first predefined gap (E1), - carrying out re-machining work only on the peripheral area (20).

Description

Mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage d'un ensemble balancier-spiral d'horlogerie Putting inertia or balancing of a pendulum balance-spiral watch
Domaine de l'invention Field of the invention
L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation et de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage d'un ensemble balancier-spiral monté dans un mécanisme oscillateur d'horlogerie qui comporte, monté sur une platine porteuse d'un piton par l'intermédiaire d'un coq, ledit ensemble balancier-spiral comportant un balancier pivotant autour d'un axe de pivotement et un spiral, dont une spire intérieure est fixée audit balancier ou à une virole montée solidaire dudit balancier et dont une spire extérieure est fixée audit piton pour son maintien audit coq.  The invention relates to a method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a pendulum-balance assembly mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism which comprises, mounted on a platinum bearing a pin by the intermediate of a cock, said sprung-balance assembly comprising a balance pivoting about a pivot axis and a spiral, of which an inner turn is fixed to said balance or to a ferrule mounted integral with said balance and of which an outer turn is fixed to said Piton for his maintenance to cock.
L'invention concerne le domaine des mécanismes oscillateurs d'horlogerie à balancier-spiral.  The invention relates to the field of clock oscillator mechanisms spiral balance.
Arrière-plan de l'invention Background of the invention
Une intervention, pour ajuster la fréquence d'oscillation sur un balancier- spiral, est toujours délicate sur un ensemble balancier-spiral assemblé, en raison des risques d'altération du spiral. L'opération est encore plus délicate quand on l'envisage au sein d'un mouvement d'horlogerie déjà assemblé, en raison des contraintes de protection des autres composants, et de propreté du mouvement.  An intervention, to adjust the oscillation frequency on a balance-hairspring, is always tricky on a combined balance-hairspring assembly, because of the risk of alteration of the hairspring. The operation is even more delicate when it is considered within an already assembled watch movement, due to the protection constraints of the other components, and cleanliness of the movement.
Le document FR 2 179 744 A1 FAR décrit un procédé d'équilibrage et d'ajustage de la fréquence d'oscillation d'un balancier-spiral, par enlèvement de matière à l'outil coupant, au niveau de la serge du balancier, en corrélation avec des moyens de mesure et de pilotage, sans protection particulière du spiral.  The document FR 2 179 744 A1 FAR describes a method for balancing and adjusting the oscillation frequency of a sprung balance, by removal of material at the cutting tool, at the level of the strut of the balance, in correlation with measuring and control means, without special protection of the hairspring.
Le document CH 532 284 A SUWA SEIKOSHA KK décrit un appareil d'équilibrage de rotor, et une reprise du balancier, avec le spiral fixé à la virole. Cette reprise est effectuée avec un foret, ce qui nécessite l'arrêt et le maintien du balancier pour l'exécution de l'opération d'usinage.  CH 532 284 A SUWA SEIKOSHA KK discloses a rotor balancing apparatus, and a resumption of the balance, with the hairspring fixed to the ferrule. This recovery is performed with a drill, which requires the stop and the maintenance of the pendulum for the execution of the machining operation.
Le document CH 704 21 1 A2 SWATCH GROUP R&D concerne une protection du spiral contre des rayonnements électromagnétiques, et ce document indique une règle de proportion entre le diamètre du balancier et le diamètre de la spire externe du spiral, sans que soient mentionnés la courbe terminale ni la fixation au piton, ni les contacts éventuels avec une raquette. CH 704 21 1 A2 SWATCH GROUP R & D relates to a protection of the spiral against electromagnetic radiation, and this document indicates a rule of proportion between the diameter of the balance and the diameter of the outer coil of the spiral, without mentioning the end curve and attachment to the peak, or possible contacts with a racket.
Le document US 2010/157 743 A1 SILVA REGIO-ROGER DUBUIS SA décrit le montage d'un spiral prélevé dans une série de ressorts, sur un balancier par l'intermédiaire d'une virole rapportée sur le balancier, cette virole étant choisie parmi un jeu de viroles qui ont des points d'attache du spiral plus ou moins éloignés de l'axe.  The document US 2010/157 743 A1 SILVA REGIO-ROGER DUBUIS SA describes the mounting of a hairspring taken from a series of springs, on a rocker by means of a shell attached to the balance, this ferrule being chosen from a set of ferrules which have points of attachment of the spiral more or less distant from the axis.
Le document EP 2 315 082 A2 AUDEMARS PIGUET &CO décrit un organe régulateur comportant deux balanciers coaxiaux.  The document EP 2 315 082 A2 AUDEMARS PIGUET & CO describes a regulating member comprising two coaxial rockers.
Résumé de l'invention Summary of the invention
L'invention se propose d'assurer la sécurité du spiral d'un ensemble balancier-spiral, lors de la mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage du balancier quand ce spiral et ce balancier sont déjà assemblés l'un à l'autre, et en particulier quand l'ensemble balancier-spiral est déjà monté dans le mouvement d'horlogerie.  The invention proposes to ensure the safety of the hairspring of a balance-hairspring assembly, when placing inertia or balancing of the balance when said hairspring and this balance are already assembled to one another, and in particular when the sprung balance assembly is already mounted in the watch movement.
La difficulté consiste à prévenir toute altération du spiral lors de la reprise du balancier.  The difficulty is to prevent any alteration of the spiral when the resumption of the pendulum.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation et de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage d'un ensemble balancier-spiral monté dans un mécanisme oscillateur d'horlogerie qui comporte, monté sur une platine porteuse d'un piton par l'intermédiaire d'un coq, ledit ensemble balancier-spiral comportant un balancier pivotant autour d'un axe de pivotement et un spiral, dont une spire intérieure est fixée audit balancier ou à une virole montée solidaire dudit balancier et dont une spire extérieure est fixée audit piton pour son maintien audit coq, caractérisé en ce que:  For this purpose, the invention relates to a method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a balance-spiral assembly mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism which comprises, mounted on a carrier plate of a stud by means of a cock, said sprung-balance assembly comprising a balance pivoting about a pivot axis and a spiral, of which an inner turn is fixed to said balance or to a ferrule mounted integral with said balance and including a turn is attached to said pin for its support to said cock, characterized in that:
on fabrique ledit balancier et ledit spiral, et on les assemble de façon irréversible l'un à l'autre par fixation de ladite spire intérieure audit balancier ou à ladite virole montée solidaire dudit balancier; on fixe en position, de façon indéréglable, ladite spire extérieure audit piton que l'on immobilise de façon indéréglable par une fixation irréversible par rapport audit coq; said pendulum and said hairspring are manufactured, and they are irreversibly assembled to one another by fixing said inner coil to said rocker arm or to said ferrule mounted integral with said rocker arm; the said outer turn is fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, to the said pin which is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to said cock;
on choisit une technologie d'usinage de reprise pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier par enlèvement de matière parmi l'usinage à l'outil ou par abrasion ou par projection d'un faisceau laser ou plasma ou par projection d'un jet de fluide, ladite technologie d'usinage de reprise étant mise en œuvre par un moyen de reprise comportant un moyen d'ablation ou/et de rechargement ou/et de déformation ou/et de traitement thermique ;  a recovery machining technology is chosen for the inertia setting and / or balancing of said balance by removal of material from tool machining or by abrasion or projection of a laser or plasma beam or by projecting a fluid jet, said recovery machining technology being implemented by a recovery means comprising means for ablation and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment;
- on définit, en fonction du choix de ladite technologie d'usinage de reprise, la valeur d'un premier écart, constituant la distance minimale entre tout point dudit spiral et une zone de reprise d'usinage pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier;  according to the choice of said recovery machining technology, the value of a first difference is defined, constituting the minimum distance between any point of said balance spring and a machining recovery zone for placing the inertia or / and balancing said balance;
on détermine une surface périphérique dévolue à la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier, en périphérie dudit balancier, comme dite zone de reprise d'usinage, tout point de ladite surface étant éloigné dudit spiral d'au moins la valeur dudit premier écart prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques dudit spiral lors d'une reprise d'usinage irréversible dudit balancier sur ladite surface périphérique pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier sur ledit ensemble balancier-spiral assemblé;  a peripheral surface devolving to the setting of inertia or / and the balancing of said balance, at the periphery of said balance, is determined as said machining recovery zone, any point of said surface being remote from said spiral of at least the value said first predefined deviation, to prevent any change in the characteristics of said hairspring during an irreversible machining resumption of said beam on said peripheral surface for the inertia setting and / or balancing of said balance on said assembled balance-hairspring assembly;
on définit, en fonction du choix de ladite technologie d'usinage de reprise, la valeur d'un deuxième écart, supérieur ou égal audit premier écart et constituant la distance minimale entre ledit piton et ladite surface périphérique distante dudit piton d'une valeur supérieure à un deuxième écart prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques de la fixation dudit spiral audit piton lors d'une reprise d'usinage dudit balancier sur ladite zone périphérique pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier sur ledit ensemble assemblé;  according to the choice of said recovery machining technology, the value of a second deviation greater than or equal to said first deviation and constituting the minimum distance between said peak and said peripheral surface distant from said peak of a greater value is defined; at a second predefined gap, to prevent any change in the characteristics of the attachment of said hairspring to said peg when resuming machining of said balance on said peripheral area for the inertia setting and / or balancing said balance on said assembly assembled;
on détermine la valeur et la localisation des reprises d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage du balancier nécessaires;  the value and location of the inertia and / or balance balancing recoveries necessary are determined;
- on procède à la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage uniquement au niveau de ladite surface périphérique, en limitant la trajectoire dudit moyen de reprise à un volume extérieur à une première surface de révolution autour dudit axe de pivotement et s'appuyant sur le rayon minimal de ladite surface périphérique et à une distance supérieure audit premier écart de tout point actif dudit spiral, ladite première surface étant un cône de premier sommet axé sur ledit axe de pivotement et dont le premier angle au sommet est inférieur à une première valeur prédéterminée. - We proceed to the resumption of machining inertia setting and / or balancing only at said peripheral surface, limiting the path of said recovery means to a volume outside a first surface of revolution around said pivot axis and resting on the minimum radius of said peripheral surface and at a distance greater than said first deviation from any active point of said hairspring, said first surface being a cone of first vertex centered on said pivot axis and the first vertex angle is less than a first predetermined value.
Description sommaire des dessins Brief description of the drawings
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :  Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée et en perspective, un ensemble balancier-spiral selon l'invention ;  - Figure 1 shows schematically and in perspective, a sprung-balance assembly according to the invention;
- la figure 2 représente, de façon schématisée et en perspective, l'extrémité externe d'un spiral dans une variante préférée de l'invention ;  - Figure 2 shows, schematically and in perspective, the outer end of a hairspring in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 3 représente, de façon schématisée et en coupe passant par son axe de pivotement, l'ensemble balancier-spiral de la figure 1 ;  - Figure 3 shows schematically and in section passing through its pivot axis, the sprung balance assembly of Figure 1;
- la figure 4 représente, de façon schématisée et en vue de dessus, un détail d'un moyen unique de réglage d'un balancier dévolu surtout à l'après-vente ;  - Figure 4 shows, schematically and in top view, a detail of a single adjustment means of a rocker devolved especially after-sales;
- la figure 5 représente, de façon schématisée et en en coupe passant par son axe de pivotement, un détail de sillon réalisé dans l'ensemble balancier-spiral de la figure 1 ;  - Figure 5 shows, schematically and in section passing through its pivot axis, a groove detail in the sprung balance assembly of Figure 1;
- la figure 6 représente, de façon schématisée et en vue de dessus, l'ensemble de la figure 1 monté entre un pont et un coq lequel présente un dégagement destiné à canaliser un flux d'aspiration dans l'alignement d'un orifice d'une platine; la figure 7 est une coupe locale de cette figure 6 ;  FIG. 6 schematically and in plan view, the assembly of FIG. 1 mounted between a bridge and a cock, which has a recess for channeling a suction flow in the alignment of an orifice of FIG. a platinum; Figure 7 is a local section of this figure 6;
- la figure 8 est un schéma-blocs représentant une montre comportant un mouvement renfermant un tel ensemble balancier-spiral.  - Figure 8 is a block diagram showing a watch comprising a movement enclosing such a balance-spiral assembly.
Description détaillée des modes de réalisation préférés Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
On distinguera ici : le couple balancier-spiral où le balancier et le spiral sont fixés l'un à l'autre de façon irréversible ; We will distinguish here: the sprung-balance pair where the balance and the hairspring are irreversibly fixed to each other;
et l'ensemble supérieur qui est un organe régulateur comportant à la fois ce couple balancier-spiral et des vis de réglage éventuelles.  and the upper assembly which is a regulating member comprising both this sprung-balance pair and possible adjustment screws.
L'invention concerne ainsi un mécanisme oscillateur 10 d'horlogerie, destiné à être incorporé à un mouvement d'horlogerie 100, et comportant, monté sur une platine 8 porteuse d'un piton 7 par l'intermédiaire d'un coq 80, au moins un ensemble 1 balancier-spiral d'horlogerie comportant un balancier 2 pivotant autour d'un axe de pivotement D et un spiral 3. Une spire intérieure 4 de ce spiral 3 est fixée au balancier 2 ou à une virole 5 montée solidaire du balancier 2, et une spire extérieure 6 de ce spiral 3 est fixée au piton 7 pour son maintien à la platine 8 ou au coq 80. L'invention est décrite ici dans le cas particulier d'un organe régulateur à balancier unique et spiral unique, l'homme du métier saura extrapoler l'invention aux cas de plusieurs balanciers ou/et plusieurs spiraux.  The invention thus relates to a clock oscillator mechanism 10, intended to be incorporated in a watch movement 100, and comprising, mounted on a plate 8 carrying a pin 7 via a cock 80, to at least one pendulum balance-balance unit comprising a rocker 2 pivoting about a pivot axis D and a spiral 3. An inner coil 4 of this spiral 3 is fixed to the balance 2 or to a ferrule 5 mounted integral with the balance 2, and an outer turn 6 of this hairspring 3 is fixed to the pin 7 to hold it to the plate 8 or to the cock 80. The invention is described here in the particular case of a single and single spring balance regulator member, the person skilled in the art will be able to extrapolate the invention to the case of several rockers and / or several spirals.
Selon l'invention, tel que visible sur la figure 1 , le balancier 2 comporte une surface périphérique 20 usinable, qui est distante de tout point du spiral 3 d'une valeur supérieure à un premier écart E1 prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques du spiral 3 lors d'une reprise d'usinage irréversible du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 usinable pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé.  According to the invention, as visible in FIG. 1, the rocker 2 comprises a machinable peripheral surface 20, which is spaced from any point of the spiral 3 by a value greater than a first predefined distance E1, to prevent any modification of the characteristics. spiral 3 during an irreversible machining resumption of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 machinable for the implementation of inertia and / or the balancing balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
Par reprise d'usinage on entend ici toute opération susceptible de modifier localement l'inertie du balancier : ajout de matière, déplacement de matière, enlèvement de matière. Cette opération peut se faire, non limitativement, par reprise à l'outil de coupe ou d'abrasion (fraisage, tournage, rectification ou similaire), au laser, en particulier un picolaser voire un femtolaser, par projection de matériau par jetting, par déformation sous l'action d'un outil, par fusion localisée, par traitement thermique modificateur de la structure du matériau, ou autre.  By resuming machining is understood here any operation likely to locally modify the inertia of the pendulum: addition of material, displacement of material, removal of material. This operation can be done, without limitation, by taking up the cutting or abrading tool (milling, turning, grinding or similar), by laser, in particular a picolaser or even a femtolaser, by spraying material by jetting, by deformation under the action of a tool, by localized fusion, by heat treatment modifying the structure of the material, or other.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de l'invention, toute zone 25 du balancier 2 située en deçà de la surface périphérique 20 usinable est réalisée avec au moins sa surface comportant un traitement thermique ou/et un traitement de surface lui conférant une résistance supérieure à la normale à un usinage par outil ou par abrasion ou par laser, ou/et est réalisée dans un matériau résistant à un usinage par outil ou par abrasion ou par laser. In a particular embodiment of the invention, any area 25 of the beam 2 located below the machinable peripheral surface 20 is made with at least its surface comprising a heat treatment and / or a surface treatment conferring on it a greater resistance to the normal to a machining tool or by abrasion or laser, or / and is made of a material resistant to machining by tool or abrasion or laser.
Si le premier écart E1 peut s'entendre, dans le cas le plus général, en toute position du spiral 3, on peut aussi fixer des valeurs particulières d'écart propres à chacune de certaines positions spécifiques du spiral : au repos, en amplitude positive maximale d'oscillation, en amplitude négative maximale d'oscillation, ou autre.  If the first difference E1 can be understood, in the most general case, in any position of the hairspring 3, it is also possible to set particular deviation values specific to each of certain specific positions of the hairspring: at rest, in positive amplitude maximum oscillation amplitude, maximum negative oscillation amplitude, or other.
Il s'agit donc de protéger le spiral, afin de procéder aux modifications idoines sur le balancier 2, sans modifier en quoi que ce soit les caractéristiques du spiral 3, et en particulier sans le soumettre, directement ou indirectement, à une influence thermique, ou encore à des projections de copeaux ou de matière, ou autres influences, susceptibles de modifier son couple et donc sa fréquence capable d'oscillation.  It is therefore a question of protecting the hairspring, in order to proceed to the appropriate modifications on the balance 2, without modifying in any way the characteristics of the hairspring 3, and in particular without subjecting it, directly or indirectly, to a thermal influence, or else projections of chips or material, or other influences, likely to change its torque and thus its frequency capable of oscillation.
En particulier, la surface périphérique 20 est distante du point radialement le plus excentré de la partie active (c'est-à-dire soumise à oscillation) de la spire extérieure 6 du spiral 3 d'une valeur supérieure à ce premier écart E1.  In particular, the peripheral surface 20 is distant from the radially most eccentric point of the active part (that is to say subjected to oscillation) of the outer turn 6 of the spiral 3 of a value greater than this first gap E1.
De préférence, le premier écart E1 prédéfini est supérieur à 0,50 mm. De façon avantageuse, selon l'invention le premier écart E1 prédéfini est compris entre 0,50 mm et 1 ,20 mm. Dans une application particulière, le premier écart E1 prédéfini est compris entre 0,50 mm et 0,70 mm.  Preferably, the first predefined distance E1 is greater than 0.50 mm. Advantageously, according to the invention the first predefined distance E1 is between 0.50 mm and 1, 20 mm. In a particular application, the first predefined distance E1 is between 0.50 mm and 0.70 mm.
Dans une application particulière illustrée à la figure 2, le spiral 3 est coudé en un coude 31 ou/et vrillé en une zone de vrillage 32, au niveau ou à proximité de son attache au piton 7 de façon à éloigner de la surface périphérique 20 la partie active 61 de la spire extérieure 6 du spiral 3. Cette partie active 61 du spiral 3 est ainsi éloignée de la surface périphérique 20 de reprise d'usinage du balancier 2, et de préférence d'une distance supérieure à 2/3 de l'emprise radiale de la surface périphérique 20, laquelle est annulaire en projection dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de pivotement D.  In a particular application illustrated in FIG. 2, the hairspring 3 is bent into a bend 31 and / or twisted into a twisting zone 32, at or near its attachment to the peg 7 so as to move away from the peripheral surface 20 the active portion 61 of the outer turn 6 of the hairspring 3. This active portion 61 of the hairspring 3 is thus remote from the peripheral surface 20 of machining resumption of the balance 2, and preferably from a distance greater than 2/3 of the radial grip of the peripheral surface 20, which is annular in projection in a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis D.
De préférence, selon l'invention, la surface périphérique 20 est distante du piton 7 d'une valeur supérieure à un deuxième écart E2 prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques du spiral 3 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la zone périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé. Et en particulier pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques par échauffement indirect du spiral 3. De préférence, le deuxième écart E2 prédéfini est supérieur à 0,05 mm. Ce deuxième écart E2 prédéfini est de préférence compris entre 0,05 mm et 0,20 mm. Dans une application particulière, le deuxième écart E2 prédéfini est compris entre 0,05 mm et 0,10 mm. Preferably, according to the invention, the peripheral surface 20 is distant from the piton 7 by a value greater than a second predetermined distance E2, to prevent any modification of the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during a resumption of machining the balance 2 on the peripheral zone 20 for the inertia setting and / or the balancing of the balance 2 on assembly 1 assembled. And in particular to prevent any modification of the characteristics by indirect heating of the hairspring 3. Preferably, the second predefined gap E2 is greater than 0.05 mm. This second predetermined difference E2 is preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.20 mm. In a particular application, the second predefined difference E2 is between 0.05 mm and 0.10 mm.
Si le deuxième écart E2 peut s'entendre, dans le cas le plus général, en toute position du spiral 3, on peut aussi fixer des valeurs particulières d'écart propres à chacune de certaines positions spécifiques du spiral : au repos, en amplitude positive maximale d'oscillation, en amplitude négative maximale d'oscillation, ou autre.  If the second difference E2 can be understood, in the most general case, in any position of the hairspring 3, it is also possible to set particular values of deviation specific to each of certain specific positions of the hairspring: at rest, in positive amplitude maximum oscillation amplitude, maximum negative oscillation amplitude, or other.
Pour effectuer la reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 pour sa mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage, selon l'invention la surface périphérique 20 est accessible, d'au moins un côté du balancier 2, à un moyen d'ablation ou/et de rechargement ou/et de déformation ou/et de projection ou/et de traitement thermique dans un volume extérieur à une première surface 21 . Cette première surface 21 est de révolution autour de l'axe de pivotement D, et s'appuie sur le rayon minimal 201 de la surface périphérique 20. La première surface 21 est, encore, à une distance supérieure à un troisième écart E3 de tout point actif du spiral 3 pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques du spiral 3 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2.  To perform the machining resumption of the balance 2 for its inertia setting and / or balancing, according to the invention the peripheral surface 20 is accessible from at least one side of the balance 2 to an ablation means and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or projection and / or heat treatment in a volume outside a first surface 21. This first surface 21 is of revolution about the pivot axis D, and is based on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20. The first surface 21 is, again, at a distance greater than a third distance E3 of any active point of the hairspring 3 to prevent any change in the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing of the balance 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de l'invention, tel que visible à la figure 3, l'invention la première surface 21 est un cône dont le sommet S1 est du même côté que le spiral 3 par rapport au balancier 2.  In a particular embodiment of the invention, as visible in FIG. 3, the invention the first surface 21 is a cone whose vertex S1 is on the same side as the spiral 3 with respect to the balance 2.
Les figures illustrent un cas simplifié de reprise d'inertie du balancier 2 sur un seul côté, dit supérieur 2A. Naturellement, il est tout à fait envisageable d'effectuer un usinage de reprise d'inertie sur le côté opposé inférieur 2B. Dans un tel cas, la première surface 21 est composée de deux demi-surfaces, une de chaque côté de la serge du balancier 2, par exemple avec deux portions de cônes d'ouvertures opposées.  The figures illustrate a simplified case of recovery of inertia of the balance 2 on one side, said upper 2A. Naturally, it is quite possible to carry out a machining of recovery of inertia on the opposite opposite side 2B. In such a case, the first surface 21 is composed of two half-surfaces, one on each side of the beam of the beam 2, for example with two portions of cones of opposite openings.
Dans une réalisation particulière, afin de tenir compte, non seulement de la protection du spiral 3, mais aussi du reste du mouvement d'horlogerie, dans le cas où la reprise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage du balancier 2 est effectuée directement dans le mouvement 100 comportant le mécanisme oscillateur 10, qui comporte lui- même le balancier 2 et le spiral 3, le volume d'accès aux moyens de modification de l'inertie du balancier 2 vers la surface périphérique 20 est limité, non seulement du côté du spiral 3 par la première surface 21 , mais aussi, du côté externe, par une deuxième surface 22. Dans ce cas, la surface périphérique 20 est accessible, d'au moins un côté du balancier 2, à un moyen d'ablation ou/et de rechargement dans un volume délimité par deux surfaces coaxiales au axe de pivotement D, une première surface 21 s'appuyant sur le rayon minimal 201 de la surface périphérique 20 et à une distance supérieure à un troisième écart E3 de tout point actif du spiral 3 pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques du spiral 3 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2, et une deuxième surface 22 s'appuyant sur un autre rayon 202 de la surface périphérique 20 et supérieur au rayon minimal 201 et définissant une enveloppe de protection du mécanisme horloger entourant l'ensemble balancier-spiral 1 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé. In a particular embodiment, in order to take into account, not only the protection of the hairspring 3, but also the rest of the watch movement, in the case where the recovery of inertia and / or balance of the balance 2 is performed directly in the movement 100 comprising the oscillator mechanism 10, which itself comprises the balance 2 and the spiral 3, the access volume to the modification means of the inertia of the balance 2 to the peripheral surface 20 is limited, not only on the side of the spring 3 by the first surface 21, but also, on the outer side, by a second surface 22. In this case, the peripheral surface 20 is accessible from at least one side of the rocker 2 to a means for ablation and / or reloading in a volume delimited by two surfaces coaxial with the pivot axis D, a first surface 21 based on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20 and at a distance greater than a third distance E3 from any active point of the hairspring 3 to prevent any change in the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during a resumption of machining of the rocker 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing of the balance 2, and a second surface 22 resting on another radius 202 of the peripheral surface 20 and greater than the minimum radius 201 and defining a protective envelope of the clock mechanism surrounding the sprung-balance assembly 1 during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the setting of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
La limitation apportée par cette deuxième surface 22 a pour objet d'assurer la protection du spiral 3 contre une projection directe, ou indirecte par réflexion ou ricochet, d'un copeau ou autre déchet, sur une surface du balancier, ou d'un pont, ou d'un coq.  The limitation provided by this second surface 22 is intended to ensure the protection of the spiral 3 against a direct projection, or indirectly by reflection or ricochet, of a chip or other waste, on a surface of the balance, or a bridge , or a rooster.
Dans le cas particulier de la figure 3, la deuxième surface 22 est un cône dont le sommet S2 est du côté opposé au spiral 3 par rapport au balancier 2.  In the particular case of FIG. 3, the second surface 22 is a cone whose apex S2 is on the opposite side to the spiral 3 with respect to the rocker 2.
De préférence, la première surface 21 et la deuxième surface 22 définissent ensemble, dans une coupe passant par l'axe de pivotement D, un angle a inférieur à une valeur αθ prédéterminée elle-même inférieure à 45°.  Preferably, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 together define, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle α less than a predetermined value αθ itself less than 45 °.
La tangente à la première surface 21 au niveau de la surface périphérique 20, dans le plan de l'axe de pivotement D, fait, avec l'axe de pivotement D, dans une coupe passant par l'axe de pivotement D, un angle β inférieur à une valeur βθ prédéterminée, qui est liée à la valeur E3 prédéfinie. De façon similaire la tangente à la deuxième surface 22 fait, avec l'axe de pivotement D, dans une coupe passant par l'axe de pivotement D, un angle □ inférieur à une valeur DO prédéterminée. Dans une application particulière, cet angle DO est de 45°. The tangent to the first surface 21 at the peripheral surface 20, in the plane of the pivot axis D, makes, with the pivot axis D, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle β less than a predetermined value βθ, which is linked to the predefined value E3. Similarly, the tangent to the second surface 22 makes, with the pivot axis D, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle □ smaller than a predetermined value D.sub.0. In a particular application, this angle OD is 45 °.
La valeur du troisième écart E3 est avantageusement comprise entre 100% et 120% de la valeur du premier écart E1 , et de préférence la valeur du troisième écart E3 est égale à la valeur du premier écart E1 .  The value of the third difference E3 is advantageously between 100% and 120% of the value of the first difference E1, and preferably the value of the third difference E3 is equal to the value of the first difference E1.
Selon l'invention, l'ensemble balancier-spiral 1 selon l'invention est conçu pour être réglé en usine pour sa marche théorique, et ne comporte aucun élément mobile dont une manipulation inopportune puisse créer une erreur chronométrique importante. En particulier, le spiral 3 est indéréglable, c'est-à-dire que cet ensemble balancier-spiral 1 ne comporte pas de raquetterie, ni d'élément permettant d'agir sur le spiral 3 ou sur son piton 7 qui est également indéréglable.  According to the invention, the sprung balance assembly 1 according to the invention is designed to be set at the factory for its theoretical walk, and has no moving element whose improper handling can create a significant time error. In particular, the hairspring 3 is foolproof, that is to say that this balance-hairspring assembly 1 does not include a raquet, nor element for acting on the hairspring 3 or on its peg 7 which is also foolproof .
A cet effet, le balancier 2 comporte tout au plus des moyens de réglage d'inertie dont la plage de réglage est infime, avec très peu de pouvoir réglant, par exemple quelques secondes ou quelques dizaines de secondes par jour. Ces moyens sont par exemple constitués par des visselottes, qui sont maintenues immobiles dans une position dite de reprise, qui est ou bien une position fixe déterminée par exemple par un cran, ou bien qui est une position d'appui sur une surface de butée. Ces visselottes sont maintenues dans cette position fixe de reprise pendant toute la durée de la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage. Leur plage de réglage réduite n'est utilisée qu'en après-vente. Dans cette variante, avantageusement le balancier 2 comporte au moins deux logements 28, chacun agencé pour la réception d'une vis de réglage 9 montée prisonnière de part et d'autre d'une section périphérique 29 du balancier 2. Cette vis 9 est mobile seulement entre une première position de butée 91 sur le balancier 2, sur laquelle une première tête 93 que comporte cette vis 9 est maintenue en appui lors d'un réglage d'usine lors duquel est effectué l'usinage irréversible du balancier 2, et une deuxième position de butée 92 définissant une fin de course d'une deuxième tête 94 que comporte cette vis 9. L'écart PR entre la première position de butée 91 et la deuxième position de butée 92 limite le pouvoir réglant de la vis 9, lequel pouvoir réglant est de préférence limité à 30 secondes par jour pour les besoins de l'après-vente. Dans une réalisation particulière, tel que visible sur la figure 4, le balancier 2 comporte ainsi, comme seuls moyens de réglage, des vis de réglage 9 mobiles seulement entre une première position de butée 91 sur le balancier 1 sur lesquelles leur tête 93 est en appui en réglage d'usine, et une deuxième position de butée 92 limitant leur pouvoir réglant limité à 30 secondes par jour pour les besoins de l'après-vente. Ces vis de réglage 9 constituent les seuls éléments réglables en service de cet ensemble balancier-spiral 1 , après l'usinage irréversible de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage effectué en usine. On comprend que, en cas de présence de vis de réglage, la mise d'inertie et l'équilibrage se font nécessairement avec les vis de réglage dans une position de butée. For this purpose, the rocker 2 comprises at most inertia adjustment means whose adjustment range is very small, with very little regulating power, for example a few seconds or a few tens of seconds per day. These means are for example constituted by visselottes, which are held stationary in a so-called recovery position, which is either a fixed position determined for example by a notch, or which is a bearing position on an abutment surface. These jackets are maintained in this fixed position of recovery for the duration of the resumption of machining inertia setting and / or balancing. Their reduced adjustment range is only used after-sales. In this variant, advantageously the rocker 2 comprises at least two housings 28, each arranged for receiving a set screw 9 mounted prisoner on either side of a peripheral section 29 of the rocker 2. This screw 9 is movable only between a first stop position 91 on the balance 2, on which a first head 93 that includes the screw 9 is held in abutment during a factory setting in which is performed the irreversible machining of the balance 2, and a second stop position 92 defining an end of stroke of a second head 94 that includes this screw 9. The difference PR between the first stop position 91 and the second stop position 92 limits the regulating power of the screw 9, which The regulating power is preferably limited to 30 seconds per day for after-sales needs. In a particular embodiment, as can be seen in FIG. 4, the balance 2 thus comprises, as sole adjustment means, adjusting screws 9 that are only movable between a first stop position 91 on the balance 1 on which their head 93 is in position. support in factory setting, and a second stop position 92 limiting their power regulation limited to 30 seconds per day for the needs of after-sales. These adjustment screws 9 constitute the only adjustable elements in service of this balance-sprung assembly 1, after the irreversible machining inertia setting or / and balancing done in the factory. It is understood that, in the case of the presence of adjusting screws, the inertia setting and the balancing necessarily take place with the adjusting screws in an abutment position.
Dans une autre réalisation particulière, le balancier 2 ne comporte strictement aucun moyen de réglage. Le balancier-spiral 1 est alors exempt de toute raquetterie et de tout moyen de réglage en service.  In another particular embodiment, the balance 2 does not contain any adjustment means. The sprung balance 1 is then free of any raquetterie and any adjusting means in use.
Dans une variante préférée de mise en œuvre de l'invention, le balancier 2 est usiné pour sa mise d'inertie ou/et son équilibrage sous forme de sillons S étroits, de profondeur P supérieure à au moins une fois leur largeur L, et de préférence supérieure à au moins trois fois leur largeur L.  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rocker 2 is machined for its inertia setting and / or its equilibration in the form of narrow grooves S, of depth P greater than at least once their width L, and preferably greater than at least three times their width L.
Pour la mise en œuvre de l'invention, le spiral 3 est peut être réalisé en silicium ou oxyde de silicium ou en diamant monocristallin ou en diamant polycristallin ou en verre ou en verre métallique ou en métal amorphe ou en quartz ou en un matériau paramagnétique ou en un matériau ferromagnétique ferromagnétique ou en alliage antiferromagnétique.  For the implementation of the invention, the spiral 3 may be made of silicon or silicon oxide or monocrystalline diamond or polycrystalline diamond or glass or metal glass or amorphous metal or quartz or a paramagnetic material or a ferromagnetic ferromagnetic material or antiferromagnetic alloy.
Dans une variante avantageuse, en complément des distances de précaution définies par les écarts E1 , E2, E3, décrits plus haut, le spiral 3 est prétraité thermiquement de façon à résister à un échauffement localisé dans une zone voisine lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2.  In an advantageous variant, in addition to the precautionary distances defined by the differences E1, E2, E3, described above, the spiral 3 is thermally pretreated so as to withstand localized heating in a neighboring zone during a resumption of operation. machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2.
L'invention concerne encore un mécanisme oscillateur 10 d'horlogerie comportant au moins un ensemble balancier-spiral 1 à spiral 3 indéréglable sans raquetterie monté sur une platine 8 porteuse d'un piton 7 par l'intermédiaire d'un coq 80. Selon l'invention le coq 80 est de forme dégagée, et comporte au moins un dégagement 81 pour faciliter un flux d'aspiration créé dans le mécanisme 10 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé. L'aspiration serait en effet inefficace en cas de présence de deux surfaces de platine 8 et coq 80 face à face de part et d'autre du balancier 2 The invention also relates to a clock oscillator mechanism 10 comprising at least one balance-spiral assembly 1 with spiral 3 unmountable without raquetry mounted on a plate 8 carrying a pin 7 via a cock 80. According to the the invention the cock 80 is of unobstructed shape, and comprises at least one clearance 81 to facilitate a suction flow created in the mechanism 10 when a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled. The suction would indeed be inefficient in the presence of two platinum surfaces 8 and 80 cock face to face on both sides of the balance 2
De préférence, la platine 8 ou un coq 80 qu'elle comporte au voisinage de cet ensemble balancier-spiral 1 comporte au moins un trou débouchant 82 pour faciliter un flux d'aspiration créé dans le mécanisme 10 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé.  Preferably, the plate 8 or a cock 80 that it has in the vicinity of this sprung-balance assembly 1 comprises at least one through hole 82 to facilitate a suction flow created in the mechanism 10 during a machining recovery. the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
Dans une variante particulière, on rend impossible l'usinage du balancier en-dessous d'un certain diamètre seuil, par exemple par :  In a particular variant, it makes it impossible to machine the balance below a certain threshold diameter, for example by:
un traitement ou une protection de surface interdisant un enlèvement de matière par outil coupant ou par laser (par exemple protection de surface réfléchissante dans ce dernier cas),  a surface treatment or protection prohibiting cutter or laser material removal (for example, reflective surface protection in the latter case),
- ou bien par la construction du balancier en deux parties interne et externe, la partie interne sous ce diamètre seuil étant réalisée dans un matériau interdisant un enlèvement de matière par outil coupant ou par laser.  - Or by the construction of the balance in two internal and external parts, the inner portion under this threshold diameter being made of a material prohibiting a removal of material by cutting tool or laser.
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie 100 comportant un tel mécanisme oscillateur 10 avec ensemble balancier-spiral 1 à spiral 3 indéréglable, à piton 7 indéréglable, sans raquetterie et sans autre moyen de réglage en service que les vis de réglage 9 décrites plus haut. Dans une autre variante, le mouvement d'horlogerie 100 comporte un tel mécanisme oscillateur 10 avec ensemble balancier-spiral 1 à spiral 3 indéréglable, à piton 7 indéréglable, sans raquetterie et sans aucun moyen de réglage en service.  The invention also relates to a watch movement 100 comprising such an oscillator mechanism 10 with balance-spiral assembly 1 spiral 3 foolproof, with piton 7 foolproof, without raquetterie and without other adjusting means in service that the set screws 9 described upper. In another variant, the clockwork movement 100 comprises such an oscillator mechanism 10 with a balance spring-balance 1 with a spiral 3 which can not be adjusted, with an inaccessible peak 7, without adjustment and without any adjustment means in service.
L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie 200 comportant au moins un tel mouvement 100, de préférence cette pièce 200 est une montre.  The invention also relates to a timepiece 200 comprising at least one such movement 100, preferably this piece 200 is a watch.
L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation et de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage d'un ensemble balancier-spiral 1 monté dans un mécanisme oscillateur 10 d'horlogerie qui comporte, monté sur une platine 8 porteuse d'un piton 7 par l'intermédiaire d'un coq 80, l'ensemble 1 balancier-spiral comportant un balancier 2 pivotant autour d'un axe de pivotement D et un spiral 3, dont une spire intérieure 4 est fixée au balancier 2 ou à une virole 5 montée solidaire du balancier 2 et dont une spire extérieure 6 est fixée au piton 7 pour son maintien au coq 80. The invention relates to a method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a balance-sprung assembly 1 mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism 10 which comprises, mounted on a plate 8 carrying a peak 7 by means of a cock 80, the balance 1 balance-balance comprising a rocker 2 pivoting about a pivot axis D and a spiral 3, including a turn 4 is attached to the balance 2 or to a ferrule 5 mounted integral with the balance 2 and an outer turn 6 of which is fixed to the pin 7 for its maintenance at the cock 80.
Selon l'invention :  According to the invention:
on fabrique le balancier 2 et le spiral 3, et on les assemble de façon irréversible l'un à l'autre par fixation de la spire intérieure 4 du spiral 3 au balancier 2 ou à la virole 5 montée solidaire du balancier 2;  the pendulum 2 and the hairspring 3 are manufactured, and they are irreversibly assembled to one another by fixing the inner turn 4 of the hairspring 3 to the rocker 2 or to the shell 5 mounted integral with the rocker 2;
on fixe en position, de façon indéréglable, la spire extérieure 6 du spiral 3 au piton 7 que l'on immobilise de façon indéréglable par une fixation irréversible par rapport au coq 80;  the outer turn 6 of the spiral 3 to the stud 7 is fixed in a foolproof manner and is fixed in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation relative to the cock 80;
- on choisit une technologie d'usinage de reprise pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 par enlèvement de matière parmi l'usinage à l'outil ou par abrasion ou par projection d'un faisceau laser ou plasma ou par projection d'un jet de fluide, la technologie d'usinage de reprise étant mise en œuvre par un moyen de reprise comportant un moyen d'ablation ou/et de rechargement ou/et de déformation ou/et de traitement thermique ;  a recovery machining technology is chosen for the inertia setting and / or balancing of the balance 2 by removal of material from machining with the tool or by abrasion or by projection of a laser or plasma beam or by projecting a jet of fluid, the recovery machining technology being implemented by a recovery means comprising means of ablation and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment;
on définit, en fonction du choix de la technologie d'usinage de reprise, la valeur d'un premier écart E1 , constituant la distance minimale entre tout point du spiral 3 et une zone de reprise d'usinage pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2;  the value of a first difference E1, constituting the minimum distance between any point of the hairspring 3 and a machining recovery zone for the inertia setting, is defined according to the choice of the rework machining technology. / and balancing balance 2;
- on détermine une surface périphérique 20 dévolue à la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2, en périphérie du balancier 2, comme dite zone de reprise d'usinage, tout point de la surface 20 étant éloigné du spiral 3 d'au moins la valeur du premier écart E1 prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques du spiral 3 lors d'une reprise d'usinage irréversible du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble balancier-spiral 1 assemblé;  a peripheral surface 20 devolved to the setting of inertia or / and balancing of the rocker 2, at the periphery of the rocker 2, is determined as said machining recovery zone, any point of the surface 20 being remote from the spiral 3 at least the value of the first predefined distance E1, to prevent any modification of the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during an irreversible machining resumption of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing the pendulum 2 on the assembled sprung balance 1 assembly;
on définit, en fonction du choix de la technologie d'usinage de reprise, la valeur d'un deuxième écart E2, supérieur ou égal au premier écart E1 et constituant la distance minimale entre le piton 7 et la surface périphérique 20 distante du piton 7 d'une valeur supérieure à un deuxième écart E2 prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques de la fixation du spiral 3 au piton 7 lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la zone périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé; the value of a second difference E2, greater than or equal to the first distance E1 and constituting the minimum distance between the peak 7 and the peripheral surface 20 distant from the peak 7 is defined, depending on the choice of the recovery machining technology. a value greater than a second predefined distance E2, to prevent any modification of the characteristics of the attachment of the spiral 3 to the stud 7 during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral zone 20 for the setting of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled;
on détermine la valeur et la localisation des reprises d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage du balancier nécessaires;  the value and location of the inertia and / or balance balancing recoveries necessary are determined;
- on procède à la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage uniquement au niveau de la surface périphérique 20, en limitant la trajectoire du moyen de reprise à un volume extérieur à une première surface 21 de révolution autour du axe de pivotement D et s'appuyant sur le rayon minimal 201 de la surface périphérique 20 et à une distance supérieure au premier écart E1 de tout point actif du spiral 3, la première surface 21 étant un cône de premier sommet S1 axé sur l'axe de pivotement D et dont le premier angle au sommet β est inférieur à une première valeur βθ prédéterminée.  - We proceed to the resumption of machining inertia setting and / or balancing only at the peripheral surface 20, limiting the path of the recovery means to a volume outside a first surface 21 of revolution around the pivot axis D and bearing on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20 and at a distance greater than the first distance E1 of any active point of the spiral 3, the first surface 21 being a cone of first vertex S1 centered on the pivot axis D and whose first vertex angle β is smaller than a first predetermined value βθ.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, lorsqu'on procède à la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage uniquement au niveau de la surface périphérique 20, on limite la trajectoire du moyen de reprise à un volume intérieur à une deuxième surface 22 s'appuyant sur le rayon maximal 202 de la surface périphérique 20 et définissant une enveloppe de protection du mécanisme oscillateur 10 et une enveloppe de protection du spiral 3 contre une projection directe, ou indirecte de tout copeau ou autre déchet, la deuxième surface 22 étant un cône de deuxième sommet S2 axé sur l'axe de pivotement D et dont le deuxième angle au sommet Θ est inférieur à une deuxième valeur Θ0 prédéterminée.  In a particular implementation of this method, when the inertia reset and / or balancing machining is resumed only at the level of the peripheral surface 20, the trajectory of the recovery means is limited to internal volume to a second surface 22 based on the maximum radius 202 of the peripheral surface 20 and defining a protective envelope of the oscillator mechanism 10 and a shield of the spiral 3 against a direct projection, or indirect any chip or other waste, the second surface 22 being a cone of second vertex S2 oriented on the pivot axis D and whose second apex angle Θ is less than a second predetermined value Θ0.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, le premier sommet S1 de la première surface 21 est du même côté que le spiral 3 par rapport au balancier 2.  In a particular implementation of this method, the first vertex S1 of the first surface 21 is on the same side as the spiral 3 with respect to the balance 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, le deuxième sommet S2 est du côté opposé au spiral 3 par rapport au balancier 2.  In a particular implementation of this method, the second vertex S2 is on the opposite side to the balance spring 3 with respect to the pendulum 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, la première surface 21 et la deuxième surface 22 définissent ensemble, dans une coupe passant par l'axe de pivotement D, un troisième angle a inférieur à une troisième valeur αθ prédéterminée inférieure à 45°. Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, la deuxième valeur Θ0 prédéterminée est de 45°. In a particular implementation of this method, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 together define, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, a third angle α smaller than a third predetermined value αθ less than 45 °. In a particular implementation of this method, the second predetermined value Θ 0 is 45 °.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, lors de la fabrication préalable du balancier 2, on réalise toute zone 25 du balancier 2 située en deçà de la surface périphérique 20, et dont la distance par rapport à l'axe de pivotement D est inférieure au rayon minimal 201 de la surface périphérique 20, avec au moins sa surface comportant un traitement thermique ou/et un traitement de surface lui conférant une résistance supérieure à la résistance de la surface périphérique 20 à un usinage par outil ou par abrasion ou par laser, ou/et on réalise la zone 25 dans un matériau résistant davantage que la surface périphérique 20 à un usinage par outil ou par abrasion ou par laser.  In a particular implementation of this method, during the prior manufacture of the rocker 2, any zone 25 of the rocker 2 located below the peripheral surface 20 is produced, and whose distance from the pivot axis D is less than the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20, with at least its surface having a heat treatment and / or a surface treatment giving it a resistance greater than the resistance of the peripheral surface 20 to machining by tool or abrasion or by laser, or / and the zone 25 is made of a material more resistant than the peripheral surface 20 to tool or abrasive or laser machining.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise au moins une dite zone 25 avec un traitement superficiel de cémentation ou de nitruration.  In a particular implementation of this process, at least one said zone 25 is made with a surface treatment of carburizing or nitriding.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise au moins une dite zone 25 avec un traitement superficiel de métallisation pour rendre sa surface réfléchissante aux faisceaux lasers dans les longueurs d'onde usuelles pour les lasers d'usinage.  In a particular implementation of this method, at least one said zone 25 is produced with a metallization surface treatment to render its reflective surface to the laser beams in the usual wavelengths for the machining lasers.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise le spiral 3, avant sa fixation au balancier 2, avec sa dite spire extérieure 6 coudée ou/et vrillée au niveau de son attache au piton 7 de façon à éloigner de la surface périphérique 20 une partie active 61 d'extrémité de la spire extérieure 6.  In a particular implementation of this method, the spiral 3 is made before it is attached to the balance 2, with its said outer turn 6 bent and / or twisted at its attachment to the stud 7 so as to move away from the peripheral surface. An end active portion 61 of the outer turn 6.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise la platine 8 ou/et le coq 80 de façon à autoriser l'accès du moyen de reprise à la surface périphérique 20.  In a particular implementation of this method, the plate 8 or / and the cock 80 are made in such a way as to allow access of the recovery means to the peripheral surface 20.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, lors de la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage due l'ensemble balancier-spiral 1 , on usine le balancier 2 sous forme de sillons S étroits de profondeur P supérieure à une fois leur largeur L.  In a particular implementation of this method, during the resumption of machining inertia setting or balancing due balance sprung assembly 1, the pendulum 2 is machined in the form of narrow grooves S of greater depth P at one time their width L.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, préalablement à sa fixation sur le balancier 2, on réalise le spiral 3 en silicium ou oxyde de silicium ou en diamant monocristallin ou en diamant polycristallin ou en verre ou en verre métallique ou en métal amorphe ou en quartz ou en un matériau paramagnétique ou en un matériau ferromagnétique ou en alliage antiferromagnétique. In a particular implementation of this method, prior to its attachment to the balance 2, the spiral 3 is made of silicon or silicon oxide or monocrystalline diamond or polycrystalline diamond or glass or glass metal or amorphous metal or quartz or a paramagnetic material or a ferromagnetic material or antiferromagnetic alloy.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé :  In a particular implementation of this method:
on fige en position, de façon indéréglable, les extrémités du spiral 3 par rapport, d'une part au balancier 2, et d'autre part à un piton 7 que l'on immobilise de façon indéréglable par une fixation irréversible par rapport à une platine 8 ou un coq 80 d'un mouvement 10 ;  the ends of the hairspring 3 are fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, relative to the pendulum 2 on the one hand and to a pin 7 which is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to a platinum 8 or a rooster 80 of a movement 10;
on immobilise d'éventuels moyens de réglage 9 du balancier dans une position de reprise ;  any adjustment means 9 of the rocker arm are immobilized in a recovery position;
- on procède à la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage.  - We proceed to the recovery of machining inertia setting and / or balancing.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, pour effectuer la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage :  In a particular implementation of this method, to carry out the recovery of machining inertia setting or balancing:
on installe, à proximité de l'ensemble balancier-spiral 1 , des moyens d'usinage par enlèvement de matière par usinage à l'outil ou par abrasion ou par projection d'un faisceau laser ou plasma ou par projection d'un jet de fluide,  close to the sprung balance assembly 1, machining means by removal of material by machining with the tool or by abrasion or by projection of a laser or plasma beam or by projection of a jet of fluid,
on fixe en position, de façon indéréglable, la spire extérieure 6 au piton 7 que l'on immobilise de façon indéréglable par une fixation irréversible par rapport à la platine 8 ou au coq 80 du mouvement 10 ;  the outer turn 6 is fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, to the pin 7 which is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to the plate 8 or the cock 80 of the movement 10;
- on détermine la valeur et la localisation des reprises d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage du balancier nécessaires;  the value and the location of the inertia and / or balance balancing recoveries required are determined;
on procède à la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage au niveau de la surface périphérique 20.  the inertia setting and / or balancing machining is resumed at the peripheral surface 20.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé :  In a particular implementation of this method:
- on équipe le balancier 2, au stade de sa fabrication initiale, de vis de réglage 9 montées prisonnières entre deux positions de butée, et, pour effectuer la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage de l'ensemble balancier-spiral 1 dans une position de réglage d'usine, on immobilise chaque vis de réglage 9 du balancier 2 dans une première position de butée 91 sur le balancier 2 dans laquelle une première tête 93 que comporte la vis 9 est maintenue en appui sur une section périphérique 29 du balancier 2. the pendulum 2, at the stage of its initial manufacture, is equipped with adjusting screws 9 mounted captive between two abutment positions, and, to perform the machining resumption of inertia setting or balancing of the pendulum assembly -spiral 1 in a factory setting position, each adjustment screw 9 of the balance 2 is immobilized in a first stop position 91 on the balance 2 in which a first head 93 that includes the screw 9 is held in abutment on a peripheral section 29 of the balance 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on choisit le premier écart E1 prédéfini avec une valeur comprise entre 0,50 mm et 1 ,20 mm.  In a particular implementation of this method, the first predefined distance E1 is selected with a value of between 0.50 mm and 1, 20 mm.
Plus particulièrement, on choisit le premier écart E1 prédéfini avec une valeur comprise entre 0,50 mm et 0,70 mm.  More particularly, the first predefined distance E1 with a value between 0.50 mm and 0.70 mm is chosen.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on choisit le deuxième écart E2 prédéfini avec une valeur comprise entre 0,05 mm et 0,20 mm.  In a particular implementation of this method, the second predetermined difference E2 with a value between 0.05 mm and 0.20 mm is chosen.
Plus particulièrement, on choisit le deuxième écart E2 prédéfini avec une valeur comprise entre 0,05 mm et 0,10 mm.  More particularly, the second predefined distance E2 with a value between 0.05 mm and 0.10 mm is chosen.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise la platine 8 ou/et le coq 80 de façon à ce que la surface périphérique 20 soit accessible, d'au moins un côté du balancier 2, à un moyen d'ablation ou/et de rechargement ou/et de déformation ou/et de traitement thermique dans un volume extérieur à une première surface 21 de révolution autour de l'axe de pivotement D et s'appuyant sur le rayon minimal 201 de la surface périphérique 20 et à une distance supérieure à un troisième écart E3 de tout point actif du spiral 3 pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques du spiral 3 lors d'une reprise d'usinage irréversible du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2.  In a particular implementation of this method, the plate 8 or / and the cock 80 are made so that the peripheral surface 20 is accessible from at least one side of the balance 2 to an ablation means or and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment in a volume outside a first surface 21 of revolution about the pivot axis D and based on the minimum radius 201 of the peripheral surface 20 and a distance greater than a third distance E3 from any active point of the hairspring 3 to prevent any change in the characteristics of the hairspring 3 during an irreversible machining resumption of the rocker 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the inertia setting and / or balancing the pendulum 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on choisit une première surface 21 qui fait, avec l'axe de pivotement D, dans une coupe passant par l'axe de pivotement D, un angle β inférieur à une valeur βθ prédéterminée.  In a particular implementation of this method, a first surface 21 is chosen which makes, with the pivot axis D, in a section passing through the pivot axis D, an angle β less than a predetermined value βθ.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on équipe le balancier 2 avec au moins deux logements 28 chacun agencé pour la réception d'une vis de réglage 9 montée prisonnière de part et d'autre de la section périphérique 29 du balancier 2, et où la vis 9 est mobile seulement entre la première position de butée 91 sur le balancier 2 sur laquelle une première tête 93 que comporte la vis 9 est maintenue en appui lors du réglage d'usine lors duquel est effectué l'usinage irréversible du balancier 2, et une deuxième position de butée 92 définissant une fin de course d'une deuxième tête 94 que comporte la vis 9, l'écart entre la première position de butée 91 et la deuxième position de butée 92 limitant le pouvoir réglant de la vis 9, lequel pouvoir réglant est limité à 30 secondes par jour pour les besoins de l'après-vente. In a particular implementation of this method, the balance 2 is equipped with at least two housings 28 each arranged for the reception of a setting screw 9 mounted on either side of the peripheral section 29 of the balance 2, and where the screw 9 is movable only between the first stop position 91 on the rocker 2 on which a first head 93 that includes the screw 9 is held in abutment at the factory setting during which is performed the irreversible machining of the balance 2, and a second stop position 92 defining a limit of a second head 94 that includes the screw 9, the difference between the first stop position 91 and the second stop position 92 limiting the regulating power of the screw 9, which power regulation is limited to 30 seconds per day for the needs of after-sales.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, préalablement à sa fixation sur le balancier 2, on prétraite thermiquement le spiral 3 de façon à résister à un échauffement localisé dans une zone voisine lors d'une reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2.  In a particular implementation of this method, prior to its attachment to the balance 2, the spiral 3 is thermally pretreated so as to withstand localized heating in a neighboring zone during a resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for placing the inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise le coq 80 avec une forme dégagée et comportant au moins un dégagement 81 au travers duquel on fait circuler un flux d'aspiration qu'on crée dans le mécanisme 10 lors de la reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé.  In a particular implementation of this method, the rooster 80 is made with an unobstructed shape and having at least one clearance 81 through which a suction flow is circulated that is created in the mechanism 10 during the recovery of machining of the balance 2 on the peripheral surface 20 for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, on réalise la platine 8 avec au moins un trou débouchant 82 pour faciliter un flux d'aspiration qu'on crée dans le mécanisme 10 lors de la reprise d'usinage du balancier 2 sur la surface périphérique 20 pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage du balancier 2 sur l'ensemble 1 assemblé, et on soumet cet ensemble balancier-spiral 1 , pendant cette reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage, à un flux d'aspiration canalisé par des orifices 82 ou/et dégagements 81 des platine 8 et coq 80 entre lesquels est monté cet ensemble balancier-spiral 1 .  In a particular implementation of this method, the plate 8 is made with at least one through hole 82 to facilitate a suction flow that is created in the mechanism 10 during the resumption of machining of the balance 2 on the surface. 20 device for the implementation of inertia and / or balancing of the balance 2 on the assembly 1 assembled, and subject this balance sprung assembly 1, during the resumption of machining inertia setting or / and equilibration, to a suction flow channeled through orifices 82 and / or clearances 81 of the plate 8 and cock 80 between which is mounted this sprung-balance assembly 1.
Dans une mise en œuvre particulière de ce procédé, après l'usinage irréversible de mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage en réglage d'usine, on règle en après-vente le mécanisme oscillateur 10 avec comme seuls moyens de réglage les vis de réglage 9 du balancier 2.  In a particular implementation of this method, after the irreversible machining of inertia setting and / or balancing in factory setting, the oscillator mechanism 10 is adjusted aftermarket with the only adjustment means being the screws adjustment 9 of the balance 2.
Dans une mise en œuvre avantageuse de ce procédé, on délimite un volume enveloppe d'action des moyens de reprise d'usinage, au moins au-delà d'une première surface 21 telle que définie plus haut, et du côté opposé au spiral 3 par rapport à cette première surface 21. Et on oriente les moyens de reprise d'usinage, à savoir, selon le cas, les axes des faisceaux laser ou plasma ou similaire, des broches d'usinage selon des directions telles que les effets thermiques ou les copeaux ou poussières émis ne viennent pas dans l'emprise du spiral. De préférence ces axes sont orientés dans le secteur d'angle ω, de valeur égale à l'angle β, tel que visible sur la figure 3, de façon à ce que la réflexion des rayons, flux, copeaux et poussières se fasse en éloignement du spiral 3. In an advantageous implementation of this method, an envelope volume of action of the machining recovery means is defined, at least beyond a first surface 21 as defined above, and the opposite side to the hairspring 3. with respect to this first surface 21. And the machining recovery means, namely, as the case may be, the axes of the laser or plasma beams or the like, machining pins in directions such as the thermal effects or the chips or dust emitted do not come into the grip of the hairspring. Preferably these axes are oriented in the angle sector ω, of value equal to the angle β, as visible in Figure 3, so that the reflection of the rays, flux, chips and dust is done away from the spiral 3.
L'invention se prête bien, en particulier, à l'usinage de reprise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage dans un mouvement 10 assemblé. La définition d'une deuxième surface enveloppe 22 de sécurité, telle que présentée plus haut, permet de protéger les autres composants de ce mouvement, on veille alors à ce que la réflexion des flux et déchets reste comprise entre les deux surfaces 21 et 22. La présence d'un flux d'aspiration orienté de façon adéquate, en particulier ascendant de S2 vers S1 dans l'exemple de la figure 3, permet d'améliorer encore cette sécurité, et d'assurer la propreté du mouvement 10 après cette opération de reprise.  The invention is well suited, in particular, to the machining of inertia recovery and / or balancing in an assembled motion. The definition of a second envelope surface 22 of security, as presented above, protects the other components of this movement, it is then ensured that the reflection of the streams and waste remains between the two surfaces 21 and 22. The presence of a suitably oriented suction flow, in particular ascending from S2 to S1 in the example of FIG. 3, makes it possible to further improve this safety, and to ensure the cleanliness of the movement 10 after this operation. of recovery.
Le mouvement 10, après son dernier réglage de marche constitué par cette opération de reprise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage du balancier, ne subit plus de réglage en usine. Si le balancier est équipé de vis de réglage 9, telles qu'exposées plus haut, les services après-vente disposent alors d'une plage de réglage limitée.  The movement 10, after its last adjustment of operation constituted by this operation of recovery of inertia and / or balancing of the balance, no longer undergoes adjustment in the factory. If the balance is equipped with adjustment screws 9, as explained above, the after-sales service then has a limited adjustment range.
Le retour éventuel en usine conditionne alors une nouvelle reprise d'inertie, similaire à celle décrite ici, l'avantage de l'invention étant qu'il n'est alors pas nécessaire de démonter le mouvement pour procéder à cette opération.  The eventual return to the factory then conditions a new recovery of inertia, similar to that described here, the advantage of the invention being that it is then not necessary to disassemble the movement to carry out this operation.
L'invention permet de prévenir toute altération du spiral lors de la reprise du balancier. Un effet induit est de faciliter l'usinage irréversible d'équilibrage, grâce à des caractéristiques géométriques particulières.  The invention makes it possible to prevent any alteration of the balance spring during the recovery of the balance. An induced effect is to facilitate the irreversible balancing machining, thanks to particular geometrical characteristics.
Le problème récurrent de l'identification des contrefaçons trouve une solution particulière dans l'alternative d'utilisation d'un balancier bi-matière, ou avec une zone interne traitée pour empêcher sa reprise d'usinage.  The recurring problem of the identification of counterfeits finds a particular solution in the alternative of using a bi-material balance, or with an internal zone treated to prevent its resumption of machining.

Claims

REVE N D I CATI O N S REVE NDI CATI ONS
1 . Procédé de réalisation et de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage d'un ensemble balancier-spiral (1 ) monté dans un mécanisme oscillateur (10) d'horlogerie qui comporte, monté sur une platine (8) porteuse d'un piton (7) par l'intermédiaire d'un coq (80), ledit ensemble (1 ) balancier-spiral comportant un balancier (2) pivotant autour d'un axe de pivotement (D) et un spiral (3), dont une spire intérieure (4) est fixée audit balancier (2) ou à une virole (5) montée solidaire dudit balancier (2) et dont une spire extérieure (6) est fixée audit piton (7) pour son maintien audit coq (80), caractérisé en ce que:  1. Method for producing and putting inertia or / and balancing a balance-sprung assembly (1) mounted in a clock oscillator mechanism (10) which comprises, mounted on a plate (8) carrying a stud (7) via a cock (80), said balance-spring assembly (1) comprising a rocker (2) pivoting about a pivot axis (D) and a spiral (3), one of which inner turn (4) is fixed to said rocker (2) or to a ferrule (5) mounted integral with said rocker (2) and an outer turn (6) of which is fixed to said pin (7) for its maintenance to said cock (80), characterized in that
- on fabrique ledit balancier (2) et ledit spiral (3), et on les assemble de façon irréversible l'un à l'autre par fixation de ladite spire intérieure (4) audit balancier (2) ou à ladite virole (5) montée solidaire dudit balancier (2);  said pendulum (2) and said hairspring (3) are manufactured, and they are irreversibly assembled to each other by fixing said inner turn (4) to said rocker (2) or said ferrule (5) integral mounting said balance (2);
- on fixe en position, de façon indéréglable, ladite spire extérieure (6) audit piton (7) que l'on immobilise de façon indéréglable par une fixation irréversible par rapport audit coq (80);  - The said outer turn (6) is fixed in position, in a foolproof manner, to the pin (7) that is immobilized in a foolproof manner by an irreversible fixation with respect to said cock (80);
on choisit une technologie d'usinage de reprise pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier (2) par enlèvement de matière parmi l'usinage à l'outil ou par abrasion ou par projection d'un faisceau laser ou plasma ou par projection d'un jet de fluide, ladite technologie d'usinage de reprise étant mise en œuvre par un moyen de reprise comportant un moyen d'ablation ou/et de rechargement ou/et de déformation ou/et de traitement thermique ;  a recovery machining technology is chosen for the inertia setting and / or balancing of said rocker (2) by removal of material from machining with the tool or by abrasion or by projection of a laser beam or plasma or by projecting a jet of fluid, said recovery machining technology being implemented by a recovery means comprising means for ablation and / or reloading and / or deformation and / or heat treatment;
on définit, en fonction du choix de ladite technologie d'usinage de reprise, la valeur d'un premier écart (E1 ), constituant la distance minimale entre tout point dudit spiral (3) et une zone de reprise d'usinage pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier (2);  according to the choice of said recovery machining technology, the value of a first difference (E1), constituting the minimum distance between any point of said balance spring (3) and a machining recovery zone for setting inertia and / or balancing said balance (2);
on détermine une surface périphérique (20) dévolue à la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier (2), en périphérie dudit balancier (2), comme dite zone de reprise d'usinage, tout point de ladite surface (20) étant éloigné dudit spiral (3) d'au moins la valeur dudit premier écart (E1 ) prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques dudit spiral (3) lors d'une reprise d'usinage irréversible dudit balancier (2) sur ladite surface périphérique (20) pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier (2) sur ledit ensemble balancier- spiral (1 ) assemblé; a peripheral surface (20) devolving to the setting of inertia or / and the balancing of said rocker (2) at the periphery of said rocker (2) is determined, as said machining recovery zone, any point of said surface ( 20) being at a distance from said hairspring (3) from at least the value of said first predetermined distance (E1), so as to prevent any change in the characteristics of said hairspring (3) during irreversible machining of said rocker (2) on said hairspring (3). peripheral surface (20) for placing inertia or / and balancing said balance (2) on said assembled balance-hairspring assembly (1);
on définit, en fonction du choix de ladite technologie d'usinage de reprise, la valeur d'un deuxième écart (E2), supérieur ou égal audit premier écart (E1 ) et constituant la distance minimale entre ledit piton (7) et ladite surface périphérique (20) distante dudit piton (7) d'une valeur supérieure à un deuxième écart (E2) prédéfini, pour prévenir toute modification des caractéristiques de la fixation dudit spiral (3) audit piton (7) lors d'une reprise d'usinage dudit balancier (2) sur ladite zone périphérique (20) pour la mise d'inertie ou/et l'équilibrage dudit balancier (2) sur ledit ensemble (1 ) assemblé;  defining, as a function of the choice of said recovery machining technology, the value of a second difference (E2) greater than or equal to said first difference (E1) and constituting the minimum distance between said peak (7) and said surface device (20) remote from said peak (7) by a value greater than a second predetermined difference (E2), to prevent any change in the characteristics of the attachment of said balance spring (3) to said peak (7) during a recovery of machining said rocker (2) on said peripheral zone (20) for putting inertia and / or balancing said rocker (2) on said assembly (1) assembled;
on détermine la valeur et la localisation des reprises d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage du balancier nécessaires;  the value and location of the inertia and / or balance balancing recoveries necessary are determined;
on procède à la reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage uniquement au niveau de ladite surface périphérique (20), en limitant la trajectoire dudit moyen de reprise à un volume extérieur à une première surface (21 ) de révolution autour dudit axe de pivotement (D) et s'appuyant sur le rayon minimal (201 ) de ladite surface périphérique (20) et à une distance supérieure audit premier écart (E1 ) de tout point actif dudit spiral (3), ladite première surface (21 ) étant un cône de premier sommet (S1 ) axé sur ledit axe de pivotement (D) et dont le premier angle au sommet (β) est inférieur à une première valeur (βθ) prédéterminée.  the inertia or / and balancing machining is resumed only at the level of said peripheral surface (20), limiting the trajectory of said recovery means to an external volume at a first surface (21) of revolution about said pivot axis (D) and based on the minimum radius (201) of said peripheral surface (20) and at a distance greater than said first difference (E1) of any active point of said hairspring (3), said first surface (21) being a first vertex cone (S1) oriented on said pivot axis (D) and whose first vertex angle (β) is smaller than a first predetermined value (βθ).
2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu'on procède à ladite reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou/et d'équilibrage uniquement au niveau de ladite surface périphérique (20), on limite la trajectoire dudit moyen de reprise à un volume intérieur à une deuxième surface (22) s'appuyant sur le rayon maximal (202) de ladite surface périphérique (20) et définissant une enveloppe de protection dudit mécanisme oscillateur (10) et une enveloppe de protection dudit spiral (3) contre une projection directe, ou indirecte de tout copeau ou autre déchet, ladite deuxième surface (22) étant un cône de deuxième sommet (S2) axé sur ledit axe de pivotement (D) et dont le deuxième angle au sommet (Θ) est inférieur à une deuxième valeur (Θ0) prédéterminée. 2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, when performing said resumption of machining of inertia setting and / or balancing only at said peripheral surface (20), it limits the trajectory of said means for taking up an interior volume at a second surface (22) based on the maximum radius (202) of said peripheral surface (20) and defining a protective envelope of said oscillator mechanism (10) and a protective envelope of said hairspring (3) against a direct or indirect projection of any chip or other waste, said second surface (22) being a cone of second vertex (S2) oriented on said pivot axis (D) and whose second angle at the apex (Θ ) is less than a second predetermined value (Θ0).
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier sommet (S1 ) de ladite première surface (21 ) est du même côté que ledit spiral (3) par rapport audit balancier (2). 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said first vertex (S1) of said first surface (21) is on the same side as said spiral (3) relative to said beam (2).
4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit deuxième sommet (S2) est du côté opposé audit spiral (3) par rapport audit balancier (2).  4. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said second vertex (S2) is on the side opposite said spiral (3) relative to said balance (2).
5. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite première surface (21 ) et la deuxième surface (22) définissent ensemble, dans une coupe passant par ledit axe de pivotement (D), un troisième angle (a) inférieur à une troisième valeur (αθ) prédéterminée inférieure à 45°.  5. Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said first surface (21) and the second surface (22) together define, in a section passing through said pivot axis (D), a third angle (a) lower at a third predetermined value (αθ) less than 45 °.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite deuxième valeur (Θ0) prédéterminée est de 45°.  6. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said second predetermined value (Θ0) is 45 °.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la fabrication préalable dudit balancier (2), on réalise toute zone (25) dudit balancier (2) située en deçà de ladite surface périphérique (20), et dont la distance par rapport audit axe de pivotement (D) est inférieure audit rayon minimal (201 ) de ladite surface périphérique (20), avec au moins sa surface comportant un traitement thermique ou/et un traitement de surface lui conférant une résistance supérieure à la résistance de ladite surface périphérique (20) à un usinage par outil ou par abrasion ou par laser, ou/et on réalise ladite zone (25) dans un matériau résistant davantage que ladite surface périphérique (20) à un usinage par outil ou par abrasion ou par laser.  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during the prior manufacture of said beam (2), any zone (25) of said rocker (2) located below said peripheral surface (20) is produced, and whose distance from said pivot axis (D) is less than said minimum radius (201) of said peripheral surface (20), with at least its surface having a heat treatment and / or surface treatment giving it superior strength to the resistance of said peripheral surface (20) to tool or abrasive or laser machining, or / and said zone (25) is made of a material more resistant than said peripheral surface (20) to tool machining or by abrasion or laser.
8. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise au moins une dite zone (25) avec un traitement superficiel de cémentation ou de nitruration.  8. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that carries out at least one said zone (25) with a surface treatment of carburizing or nitriding.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise au moins une dite zone (25) avec un traitement superficiel de métallisation pour rendre sa surface réfléchissante aux faisceaux lasers dans les longueurs d'onde usuelles pour les lasers d'usinage.  9. The method of claim 7, characterized in that carries out at least one said zone (25) with a metallization surface treatment to make its reflective surface to the laser beams in the usual wavelengths for machining lasers. .
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise ledit spiral (3), avant sa fixation audit balancier (2), avec sa dite spire extérieure (6) coudée ou/et vrillée au niveau de son attache audit piton (7) de façon à éloigner de ladite surface périphérique (20) une partie active (61 ) d'extrémité de ladite spire extérieure (6). 10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said spiral (3), before its attachment to said balance (2), with said outer turn (6) bent or / and twisted at its level attaching to the piton (7) away from said peripheral surface (20) an end active portion (61) of said outer coil (6).
1 1 . Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise ladite platine (8) ou/et ledit coq (80) de façon à autoriser l'accès dudit moyen de reprise à ladite surface périphérique (20).  1 1. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said platen (8) and / or said cock (80) is made so as to allow said recovery means to access said peripheral surface (20).
12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, lors de ladite reprise d'usinage de mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage dudit ensemble balancier-spiral (1 ), on usine ledit balancier (2) sous forme de sillons (S) étroits de profondeur (P) supérieure à une fois leur largeur (L).  12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during said resumption of machining inertia setting or balancing of said sprung-balance assembly (1), said pendulum (2) is machined in form. of furrows (S) narrow in depth (P) greater than one times their width (L).
13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, préalablement à sa fixation sur ledit balancier (2), on réalise ledit spiral (3) en silicium ou oxyde de silicium ou en diamant monocristallin ou en diamant polycristallin ou en verre ou en verre métallique ou en métal amorphe ou en quartz ou en un matériau paramagnétique ou en un matériau ferromagnétique ou en alliage antiferromagnétique.  13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, prior to its attachment to said balance (2), said spiral (3) is made of silicon or silicon oxide or monocrystalline diamond or polycrystalline diamond or glass or metal glass or amorphous metal or quartz or a paramagnetic material or a ferromagnetic material or antiferromagnetic alloy.
EP13782685.5A 2012-11-06 2013-10-22 Method for balancing a clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly Active EP2917792B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13782685.5A EP2917792B1 (en) 2012-11-06 2013-10-22 Method for balancing a clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12191481.6A EP2728423A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 Clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly
EP13782685.5A EP2917792B1 (en) 2012-11-06 2013-10-22 Method for balancing a clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly
PCT/EP2013/072011 WO2014072168A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2013-10-22 Inertia or balance setting of a hairspring-balance assembly for a timepiece

Publications (2)

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EP2917792A1 true EP2917792A1 (en) 2015-09-16
EP2917792B1 EP2917792B1 (en) 2017-07-05

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EP12191481.6A Withdrawn EP2728423A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 Clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly
EP13782685.5A Active EP2917792B1 (en) 2012-11-06 2013-10-22 Method for balancing a clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12191481.6A Withdrawn EP2728423A1 (en) 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 Clockwork balance wheel-hairspring assembly

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US (1) US10114341B2 (en)
EP (2) EP2728423A1 (en)
JP (1) JP5925392B2 (en)
CN (1) CN104769512B (en)
HK (1) HK1212051A1 (en)
TW (1) TWI610152B (en)
WO (1) WO2014072168A1 (en)

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HK1209578A2 (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-04-01 Master Dynamic Ltd Silicon hairspring
EP3273312A1 (en) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-24 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Method for adjusting the running of a timepiece
EP3654111B1 (en) * 2018-11-15 2022-02-16 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Method for measuring the torque of a clock hairspring and device for such method of measurement
CN115202180B (en) * 2022-07-12 2023-10-27 高武斌 Timepiece movement head corrector and correction method

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HK1212051A1 (en) 2016-06-03
CN104769512A (en) 2015-07-08
JP2015537204A (en) 2015-12-24
CN104769512B (en) 2018-01-16
EP2728423A1 (en) 2014-05-07
WO2014072168A1 (en) 2014-05-15
WO2014072168A4 (en) 2014-07-03
US20150268632A1 (en) 2015-09-24
US10114341B2 (en) 2018-10-30
TWI610152B (en) 2018-01-01
JP5925392B2 (en) 2016-05-25
EP2917792B1 (en) 2017-07-05
TW201441776A (en) 2014-11-01

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