EP2912231A1 - Foundation for a wind turbine - Google Patents

Foundation for a wind turbine

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Publication number
EP2912231A1
EP2912231A1 EP13759668.0A EP13759668A EP2912231A1 EP 2912231 A1 EP2912231 A1 EP 2912231A1 EP 13759668 A EP13759668 A EP 13759668A EP 2912231 A1 EP2912231 A1 EP 2912231A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite
pile
wind turbine
corner post
post
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13759668.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2912231B1 (en
Inventor
Marc Seidel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Senvion GmbH
Original Assignee
Repower Systems SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Repower Systems SE filed Critical Repower Systems SE
Publication of EP2912231A1 publication Critical patent/EP2912231A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2912231B1 publication Critical patent/EP2912231B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/48—Piles varying in construction along their length, i.e. along the body between head and shoe, e.g. made of different materials along their length
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E02D5/526—Connection means between pile segments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite structure for a pile foundation for anchoring a tower structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a composite structure for a wind turbine, especially for an offshore wind turbine.
  • Further aspects of the invention relate to a foundation for a tower and a jacket, e.g. for a wind turbine, and a wind turbine. In particular, it is about offshore applications.
  • pile foundations are known to anchor the wind turbine towers in the seabed and to dissipate the static and dynamic loads in the seabed.
  • the terminals of such pile foundations are made to the rising structure in a composite structure. This means that a connection of steel and mortar (eg high-strength concrete) is used, over which the forces occurring at the tower structure, z.
  • B. longitudinal thrust forces are transmitted to the ground.
  • a known pile foundation consists for example of a hollow pile, which is introduced into the soil, for example by ramming.
  • a Jacketbein or a tripod leg or the (single) leg of a monopile is arranged, this leg is coupled to the tower structure.
  • this leg is coupled to the tower structure.
  • the following is always used to refer to a corner stalk in order to provide all of the above legs with a uniform concept, even though, according to the conventional understanding, a corner stalk is part of a lattice structure.
  • Eckstiel is to be understood in a broader meaning.
  • lattice structures which are arranged to a large extent below sea level, are very common in the offshore sector.
  • z. B the tubular tower of a wind turbine arranged.
  • Known pile foundations comprise a composite structure in a composite area between pile and corner stalk.
  • the composite region is the region in the longitudinal direction of the pile, which protrudes the corner post in the vertical direction in the post.
  • the composite area is formed of the pile, the corner post and the space formed between the post and the corner post. This space is filled to make a solid compound with mortar to make in this way a positive connection between the post and the corner handle.
  • the pile extends even further below the composite area deep into the ground and is also filled with mortar there. Filling with mortar is called grouting.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composite structure for a pile foundation, which eliminates the disadvantages described, which is thus more cost-effective, in particular with consistently good or even better load transfer in the production than the known prior art.
  • the problem is solved with a composite structure having the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the pile foundation composite structure comprises a hollow pile inserted in the ground, a corner post connected to the tower structure, which is arranged with its composite end in the pile, and a composite region.
  • pile and / or corner stems have composite means for transmitting shear forces.
  • these composite means have a recess which can be filled by the composite material to be introduced into the composite region and which encloses the composite mass by an angle range of substantially 90 ° or more than 90 °.
  • Discontinuous coupling agents for transferring shear forces in accordance with the invention are e.g. shown by way of example in FIG.
  • this can be dowels which per se have the recess required according to the invention, or, on the other hand, those dowels which become composite means according to the invention only when equipped with anchor loops or with hook anchors.
  • continuous composites are preferred, to which Figure 4 shows some embodiments. These preferred composites can also be referred to as composite strips.
  • For both classes of compound classes - continuous / discontinuous - is in the sense of a reliable and easy-to-produce attachment advantage if the attachment is made by welding.
  • improved pile foundation can be made when the composites have a mortar fillable recess that encloses the cured mortar by at least 90 °. Between stake or corner styles and the composite means so at least a right angle is formed. The recess can also be formed spaced from the corner post or the post in the profile of the composite, as some examples in Fig. 4 show. The shear transfer is thereby improved so that the overlap length between the corner post and pile can be made considerably shorter, whereby the composite area is shorter and correspondingly less high-strength mortar is needed. It is thus also possible to use a less solid mortar than before. Both have the consequence that the pile foundation according to the invention can be made significantly cheaper than the known from the prior art pile foundation.
  • reinforcing elements may additionally be provided, which are arranged in the recess.
  • Such reinforcing elements may e.g. Steel wires, etc., which protrude into the mortar to improve in this way the power transmission between corner post and post on.
  • the composite strips according to the invention extend in accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention in lease of the longitudinal axis of the corner post or the post. Compared to a horizontally encircling or diagonal or spiral circumferential extension this is classified as better producible at high shear stability.
  • the recesses in the composite strips preferably have the shape of a clothoid or a puzzle piece. Such strips are known as cloth halo strips or puzzle strips. It has turned out that these forms are special well withstand the occurring loads and are particularly suitable for the transmission of shear forces.
  • the strip-shaped composite extend over a substantial part of the composite region.
  • This embodiment offers the advantage that a continuous transmission of force takes place over the essential part of the composite region.
  • An extension greater than 25%, preferably greater than 50%, more preferably greater than 75%, is considered desirable. In this way, it is advantageous to reduce the amount of mortar contributed, since the overlap length can be reduced with a correspondingly long training of the composite.
  • a further embodiment of the invention to distribute a plurality of continuous or strip-shaped composite means circumferentially spaced on Eckstieliety and / or on the pile inner surface and in this way also to improve the continuous and direction-independent removal of the thrust forces occurring and to reduce the composite area to be provided.
  • the composite means are preferably arranged distributed uniformly over the Eckstieliety and / or on the pile inner surface.
  • the present invention further relates to a foundation for a tower construction, in particular the tower of a wind turbine, in particular an offshore wind energy plant, wherein the foundation has a composite structure according to the invention. Further aspects of the invention relate to a jacket, on the corner handles of which inventive composite means are formed, and a wind turbine with such a jacket.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a pile foundation according to the invention with discontinuous composite means.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a second exemplary embodiment of a pile foundation according to the invention with continuous composite means;
  • Fig. 3 shows some examples of discontinuous composites
  • the pile foundation 1 comprises a hollow pile 2.
  • a composite end of a corner stem 3 is arranged, wherein the penetration depth of the corner stem 3 is limited by a so-called pile stopper 12.
  • the hollow pile 2 is filled with mortar 4 over its entire illustrated length, in particular also the overlap region between the pile 2 and the corner stalk 3, designated as composite region VB.
  • the composite region VB extends from the upper edge of the pile 2, on which the pile stopper 12 rests, over the entire overlap length of the Eckstiels 3 to the lower tip of the Eckstiels 3.
  • the introduced into the hollow pile 2 area of the corner post 3 is also called Grout Pin 15 denotes.
  • various discontinuous composite means 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are arranged on the Eckstieliety 13. So z. B. a head bolt dowel 5 attached to the corner post 3.
  • shear ribs 11 are still arranged on the hollow pile inner surface, via which a derivation of shear forces in the pile 2 takes place.
  • Figure 1 and in particular also Figure 3 are intended to show that there are a variety of suitable anchor types.
  • Composite dowels have been around for some time z. B. used for steel-concrete bridge construction.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative pile foundation 20 for an offshore wind energy plant.
  • the pile foundation 20 consists of a hollow post 22 into which a corner post 23 protrudes, again bounded by a pile stopper 32 coming into contact with the upper pile edge.
  • the hollow pile 22 is also in this second embodiment In the composite region VB, which corresponds to the overlap region between the corner post 23 and hollow pile 22, takes place substantially the load transfer.
  • a plurality of continuous composites 25 are now disposed on the corner stalk periphery 33, e.g. four composite strips offset by 90 °.
  • shear ribs 31 are arranged on the corner post 23 facing hollow pile inner surface 34 as an additional composite means. It would also be conceivable, instead of or in addition to the push ribs 31 on the hollow pile inner surface 34 to arrange one or more discontinuous and / or continuous composite means.
  • the attached to the corner post 23 continuous composite means 25 are formed as a strip whose longitudinal axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the corner post 23.
  • One longitudinal side of the composite strip 25 is welded to the corner post 23, which is the welded side opposite free longitudinal side has recesses 26 between teeth 27.
  • the recesses 26 are formed klothoidenförmig. But there are also alternative Ausnaturalungsformen conceivable such.
  • Fig. 3 shows some non-exhaustive examples of discontinuous composites, namely from top left to bottom right:
  • 2nd line in perspective view Block dowel with anchor loop, T- dowel with hook anchor, C-dowel with anchor loop, Horseshoe dowel with anchor loop;
  • Block dowel with hook anchor in plan view and side view Block dowel with anchor loop in plan view and side view, angle anchor with hook anchor in perspective view.
  • Fig. 4 shows some non-exhaustive examples of discontinuous composites, namely from top left to bottom right:
  • Perfobond strip Perfobond strip, combi-rubber strip (perfobond strip with further edge recesses);
  • each welded onto a double T-beam is a perfobond strip, a curved perfobond strip, a T-connector, a curved composite strip;
  • 4th line the illustrations show sample profiles of recesses 26 / teeth 27 of various composite strips 25.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a connection structure (1, 20) for a pile foundation for anchoring a tower structure in the ground, particularly a wind turbine, particularly an offshore wind turbine, with a hollow pile (2, 22), which is driven into the ground at the erection site of the tower structure, a corner leg (3, 23) which is, or which can be, connected to the tower structure, which leg is arranged on the connection side within the pile (2, 22), and a connection area (VB), in which the pile and the corner leg are firmly connected together by means of introducing a connection material which is allowed to harden. At least one connecting means (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) is fixedly arranged in the connection area on the pile (2, 22) and/or on the corner leg (3, 23) in order to transfer shear forces. The connection structure is characterized in that the connecting means has at least one recess (26) into which the connection material (4) can be introduced, wherein the recess (26) encloses the connection material (4) being introduced by an angular range of more than 90°. Further aspects of the invention relate to a foundation for a tower and a jacket, e.g. for a wind turbine, and to a wind turbine. Usages in the offshore field are involved in particular.

Description

GRÜNDUNG FÜR EINE WINDTURBINE  FOUNDING FOR A WIND TURBINE
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verbundstruktur für eine Pfahlgründung zur Verankerung eines Turmbauwerks gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine Verbundstruktur für eine Windenergieanlage, speziell für eine Offshore- Windenergieanlage. Weitere Aspekte der Erfindung betreffen eine Gründung für einen Turm und ein Jacket z.B. für eine Windenergieanlage, und eine Windenergieanlage. Insbesondere geht es um Anwendungen im Offshore-Bereich. The present invention relates to a composite structure for a pile foundation for anchoring a tower structure according to the preamble of claim 1. In particular, the invention relates to a composite structure for a wind turbine, especially for an offshore wind turbine. Further aspects of the invention relate to a foundation for a tower and a jacket, e.g. for a wind turbine, and a wind turbine. In particular, it is about offshore applications.
Es ist üblich, ein Turmbauwerk über eine Gründung im Boden zu verankern und die auf das Turmbauwerk einwirkenden Lasten in den Untergrund abzuleiten. Bei Windenergieanlagen und hier insbesondere bei Offshore-Windenergieanlagen sind Pfahlgründungen bekannt, um die Windenergieanlagentürme im Meeresboden zu verankern und um die statischen und dynamischen Lasten in den Meeresboden abzuleiten. Vorzugsweise werden die Anschlüsse solcher Pfahlgründungen an die aufgehende Struktur in einer Verbundstruktur hergestellt. Das bedeutet, dass eine Verbindung aus Stahl und Mörtel (z. B. hochfester Beton) eingesetzt wird, über die die an dem Turmbauwerk auftretenden Kräfte, z. B. Längsschubkräfte, in den Boden übertragen werden. Eine bekannte Pfahlgründung besteht z.B. aus einem hohlen Pfahl, der in den Boden eingebracht ist, z.B. durch rammen. In dem Hohlpfahl wird ein Jacketbein oder ein Tripod-Bein oder auch das (einzige) Bein eines Monopiles angeordnet, wobei dieses Bein mit dem Turmbauwerk gekoppelt ist. Ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit wird im folgenden immer von einem Eckstiel gesprochen, um alle genannten Beine mit einem einheitlichen Begriff zu versehen, auch wenn nach herkömmlichem Verständnis ein Eckstiel Teil einer Gitterstruktur ist. In der vorliegenden Anmeldung ist die Bezeichnung Eckstiel in einer erweiterten Bedeutung zu verstehen. It is customary to anchor a tower structure in the ground via a foundation and to divert the loads acting on the tower structure into the subsoil. In wind turbines, and in particular in offshore wind turbines, pile foundations are known to anchor the wind turbine towers in the seabed and to dissipate the static and dynamic loads in the seabed. Preferably, the terminals of such pile foundations are made to the rising structure in a composite structure. This means that a connection of steel and mortar (eg high-strength concrete) is used, over which the forces occurring at the tower structure, z. B. longitudinal thrust forces are transmitted to the ground. A known pile foundation consists for example of a hollow pile, which is introduced into the soil, for example by ramming. In the hollow pile a Jacketbein or a tripod leg or the (single) leg of a monopile is arranged, this leg is coupled to the tower structure. Without limiting generality, the following is always used to refer to a corner stalk in order to provide all of the above legs with a uniform concept, even though, according to the conventional understanding, a corner stalk is part of a lattice structure. In the present application, the term Eckstiel is to be understood in a broader meaning.
Im Offshore-Bereich sind neben Monopiles vor allem Gitterstrukturen (Jackets) sehr verbreitet, die zu einem großen Teil unterhalb des Meeresspiegels angeordnet sind. Auf der Gitterstruktur ist z. B. der Rohrturm einer Windenergieanlage angeordnet. Apart from monopiles, lattice structures (jackets), which are arranged to a large extent below sea level, are very common in the offshore sector. On the grid structure is z. B. the tubular tower of a wind turbine arranged.
Bekannte Pfahlgründungen umfassen eine Verbundstruktur in einem Verbundbereich zwischen Pfahl und Eckstiel. Der Verbundbereich ist in Längsrichtung des Pfahles derjenige Bereich, den der Eckstiel in vertikaler Richtung in den Pfahl hineinragt. Man spricht auch von der sogenannten Übergreiflänge. In horizontaler Richtung wird der Verbundbereich aus dem Pfahl, dem Eckstiel und dem sich zwischen dem Pfahl und dem Eckstiel entstehenden Raum gebildet. Dieser Raum wird zur Herstellung eine festen Verbindung mit Mörtel gefüllt, um auf diese Weise eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Pfahl und dem Eckstiel herzustellen. In der Regel erstreckt sich der Pfahl noch bis weiter unterhalb des Verbundbereichs bis tief in den Boden hinein und ist auch dort mit Mörtel gefüllt. Das Befüllen mit Mörtel wird als Grouten bezeichnet. Known pile foundations comprise a composite structure in a composite area between pile and corner stalk. The composite region is the region in the longitudinal direction of the pile, which protrudes the corner post in the vertical direction in the post. One speaks also of the so-called overlap length. In the horizontal direction, the composite area is formed of the pile, the corner post and the space formed between the post and the corner post. This space is filled to make a solid compound with mortar to make in this way a positive connection between the post and the corner handle. As a rule, the pile extends even further below the composite area deep into the ground and is also filled with mortar there. Filling with mortar is called grouting.
Es ist weiterhin bekannt, die Stabilität der Verbundstruktur dadurch zu erhöhen, dass im Verbundbereich am Eckstiel oder an der Pfahlinnenoberfläche oder an beiden Verbundmittel angebracht sind, nämlich sogenannte Schubrippen. Dies ist z.B. aus der WO 201 1/010937 AI oder dem Artikel„Statische und dynamische Axialdruckversuche an vergrouteten Rohr-in-Rohr-Verbindungen mit verschiedenen Füllmaterialien " , Bautechnik 86 (2009), Heft 11, Seiten 719 ff., Autoren: Peter Schaumann et al., bekannt Diese Schubrippen sind in der Regel als Ringe ausgebildet, die in einer horizontalen Ebene am Eckstielumfang und/oder am inneren Pfahlumfang im Wesentlichen quer zur Längsachse der Pfahlverbindung ausgerichtet sind. Über diese Schubrippen erfolgt eine verbesserte und höher belastbare Übertragung der an dem Eckstiel auftretenden Schubkräfte in den Mörtel bzw. bei Anordnung der Schubrippen am inneren Pfahlumfang aus dem Mörtel über die Schubrippen auf den Pfahl. It is also known to increase the stability of the composite structure in that are mounted in the composite area at the corner post or on the pile inner surface or on both composite means, namely so-called shear ribs. This is for example from WO 201 1/010937 AI or the article "Static and dynamic Axialdruckversuche on vergrouteten pipe-in-pipe connections with different filling materials ", building technology 86 (2009), number 11, pages 719 ff., Authors: Peter Schaumann et al., Known these Schubrippen are formed usually as rings, which in A horizontal plane on the Eckstielumfang and / or on the inner pile circumference are aligned substantially transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pile connection the mortar over the push ribs on the pile.
Diese bekannten Pfahlgründungen mit Schubrippen weisen den Nachteil auf, dass für die Verbundverbindung ein hochfester Mörtel verwendet werden muss, um den auftretenden Belastungen Stand halten zu können. Dies ist z.B. beschrieben in der Dissertation„Betontechnologische Einflüsse auf das Tragverhalten von Grouted Joints ", Steffen Anders, Hannover 2007, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, ISBN 978-3-936634-05-1. Weiterhin muss bei dieser bekannten Pfahlgründung die Übergreiflänge sehr groß gewählt werden. Schließlich wird als nachteilig angesehen, dass für das„pre-piling" große Spaltmaße vorzusehen sind, sodass eine relativ große Materialmenge des teuren hochfesten Mörtels einzusetzen ist. Diese Maßnahmen sind insgesamt erforderlich, um eine ausreichende Schubkraftübertragung zuverlässig gewährleisten zu können, sind aber aufgrund der dafür erforderlichen großen Menge an hochfestem Mörtel entsprechend teuer. Es fehlt bisher auch noch an verbindlichen Bestimmungen zur Bemessung des Verbundbereiches, so dass zur Vermeidung von Zulassungsproblemen eher eine Überdimensionierung bei entsprechend erhöhten Kosten erfolgt. These known pile foundations with shear ribs have the disadvantage that a high-strength mortar must be used for the composite connection in order to withstand the stresses occurring can. This is e.g. described in the thesis "Concrete Technological Influences on the Structural Behavior of Grouted Joints", Steffen Anders, Hanover 2007, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, ISBN 978-3-936634-05-1 Furthermore, in this known pile foundation, the overlap length must be very large Finally, it is considered to be disadvantageous that large gap dimensions must be provided for the "pre-piling", so that a relatively large amount of material of the expensive high-strength mortar is to be used. Overall, these measures are necessary in order to be able to reliably ensure sufficient thrust transfer, but are correspondingly expensive due to the large amount of high-strength mortar required for this purpose. So far there are still no binding provisions for the design of the composite area, so that in order to avoid approval problems rather over-dimensioning takes place at correspondingly increased costs.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine Verbundstruktur für eine Pfahlgründung bereitzustellen, die die beschriebenen Nachteile behebt, die also insbesondere bei gleichbleibend guter oder sogar besserer Lastübertragung in der Herstellung kostengünstiger als der bekannte Stand der Technik ist. Gelöst wird die Aufgabe mit einer Verbundstruktur mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. The object of the present invention is to provide a composite structure for a pile foundation, which eliminates the disadvantages described, which is thus more cost-effective, in particular with consistently good or even better load transfer in the production than the known prior art. The problem is solved with a composite structure having the characterizing features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verbundstruktur für eine Pfahlgründung umfasst einen hohlen Pfahl, der in den Boden eingebracht ist, einen mit dem Turmbauwerk verbundenen Eckstiel, der mit seinem verbundseitigen Ende in dem Pfahl angeordnet ist, sowie einen Verbundbereich. In dem Verbundbereich weisen Pfahl und/oder Eckstiel Verbundmittel zur Übertragung von Schubkräften auf. Anders als die bisher bekannten Schubrippen weisen diese Verbundmittel eine Ausnehmung auf, die von der in den Verbundbereich einzufüllenden Verbundmasse ausfüllbar ist, und die die Verbundmasse um einen Winkelbereich von im wesentlichen 90° oder mehr als 90° umschließt. The pile foundation composite structure according to the invention comprises a hollow pile inserted in the ground, a corner post connected to the tower structure, which is arranged with its composite end in the pile, and a composite region. In the composite area, pile and / or corner stems have composite means for transmitting shear forces. Unlike the previously known push ribs, these composite means have a recess which can be filled by the composite material to be introduced into the composite region and which encloses the composite mass by an angle range of substantially 90 ° or more than 90 °.
Erfindungsgemäße diskontinuierliche Verbundmittel zur Übertragung von Schubkräften sind z.B. in Figur 3 exemplarisch gezeigt. Es kann sich dabei einerseits um Dübel handeln, die per se die erfindungsgemäß verlangte Ausnehmung aufweisen, oder andererseits auch um solche Dübel, die erst bei Ausstattung mit Ankerschlaufen oder mit Hakenankern zu erfindungsgemäßen Verbundmitteln werden. Gegenüber den diskontinuierlichen Verbundmitteln sind allerdings kontinuierliche Verbundmittel bevorzugt, zu den die Figur 4 einige Ausführungsbei- spiele zeigt. Diese bevorzugten Verbundmittel lassen sich auch als Verbundleisten bezeichnen. Für beide Verbundmittelklassen - kontinuierlich/diskontinuierlich - ist im Sinne einer zuverlässigen und einfach herzustellenden Befestigung von Vorteil, wenn die Befestigung mittels Schweißverbindung erfolgt. Discontinuous coupling agents for transferring shear forces in accordance with the invention are e.g. shown by way of example in FIG. On the one hand, this can be dowels which per se have the recess required according to the invention, or, on the other hand, those dowels which become composite means according to the invention only when equipped with anchor loops or with hook anchors. Compared to the discontinuous composites, however, continuous composites are preferred, to which Figure 4 shows some embodiments. These preferred composites can also be referred to as composite strips. For both classes of compound classes - continuous / discontinuous - is in the sense of a reliable and easy-to-produce attachment advantage if the attachment is made by welding.
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung ist erkannt worden, dass eine verbesserte Pfahlgründung hergestellt werden kann, wenn die Verbundmittel eine mit Mörtel ausfüllbare Ausnehmung aufweisen, die den ausgehärteten Mörtel um wenigstens 90° einschließen. Zwischen Pfahl bzw. Eckstile und dem Verbundmittel ist also wenigstens ein rechter Winkel ausgebildet. Die Ausnehmung kann aber auch beabstandet vom Eckstiel oder vom Pfahl im Profil des Verbundmittels ausgebildet sein, wie dies einige Beispiele in Fig. 4 zeigen. Die Schubübertragung ist dadurch derart verbessert, dass die Übergreiflänge zwischen Eckstiel und Pfahl erheblich kürzer ausgebildet werden kann, wodurch auch der Verbundbereich kürzer wird und entsprechend weniger hochfester Mörtel benötigt wird. Es ist dadurch auch möglich, einen weniger festen Mörtel als bisher zu verwenden. Beides hat zur Folge, dass die erfindungsgemäße Pfahlgründung deutlich kostengünstiger hergestellt werden kann als die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Pfahlgründung. In the present invention, it has been recognized that improved pile foundation can be made when the composites have a mortar fillable recess that encloses the cured mortar by at least 90 °. Between stake or corner styles and the composite means so at least a right angle is formed. The recess can also be formed spaced from the corner post or the post in the profile of the composite, as some examples in Fig. 4 show. The shear transfer is thereby improved so that the overlap length between the corner post and pile can be made considerably shorter, whereby the composite area is shorter and correspondingly less high-strength mortar is needed. It is thus also possible to use a less solid mortar than before. Both have the consequence that the pile foundation according to the invention can be made significantly cheaper than the known from the prior art pile foundation.
Es ist primär daran gedacht, dass an den Eckstielen Verbundleisten angebracht sind. Auf der Pfahlseite können weiterhin die bekannten Schubrippen eingesetzt werden, unter anderem weil dort die zur Verfügung stehende Fläche größer als beim Eckstiel ist. Natürlich können die Verbundleisten aber auch auf der Pfahlseite vorgesehen werden. It is primarily intended that composite strips are attached to the corner posts. On the pile side, the known push ribs can continue to be used, inter alia because there the available area is larger than the corner handle. Of course, the composite strips can also be provided on the pile side.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können zusätzlich Bewehrungselemente vorgesehen sein, die in der Ausnehmung angeordnet sind. Solche Bewehrungselemente können z.B. Stahldrähte etc. sein, die in den Mörtel ragen, um auf diese Weise die Kraftübertragung zwischen Eckstiel und Pfahl weiter zu verbessern. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention reinforcing elements may additionally be provided, which are arranged in the recess. Such reinforcing elements may e.g. Steel wires, etc., which protrude into the mortar to improve in this way the power transmission between corner post and post on.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Verbundleisten erstrecken sich gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in Pachtung der Längsachse des Eckstiels bzw. des Pfahls. Gegenüber einer horizontal umlaufenden oder diagonal oder spiralförmig umlaufenden Erstreckung wird dies als besser herstellbar eingestuft bei hoher Schubstabilität. The composite strips according to the invention extend in accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention in lease of the longitudinal axis of the corner post or the post. Compared to a horizontally encircling or diagonal or spiral circumferential extension this is classified as better producible at high shear stability.
Bevorzugt weisen die Ausnehmungen in den Verbundleisten die Form einer Klo- thoide oder eines Puzzleteils auf. Solche Leisten sind als Klothoidenleisten oder Puzzleleisten bekannt. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass diese Formen besonders gut den auftretenden Lasten standhalten und für die Übertragung von Schubkräften besonders geeignet sind. The recesses in the composite strips preferably have the shape of a clothoid or a puzzle piece. Such strips are known as cloth halo strips or puzzle strips. It has turned out that these forms are special well withstand the occurring loads and are particularly suitable for the transmission of shear forces.
Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, dass sich das leistenförmige Verbundmittel über einen wesentlichen Teil des Verbundbereichs erstreckt. Diese Ausgestaltung bietet den Vorteil, dass eine kontinuierliche Kraftübertragung über den wesentlichen Teil des Verbundbereiches erfolgt. Eine Erstreckung von über 25%, bevorzugt von über 50%, weiter bevorzugt von über 75 % wird als wünschenswert angesehen. Auf diese Weise wird vorteilhaft zur Reduzierung der Menge an Mörtel beigetragen, da die Übergreiflänge reduziert werden kann bei entsprechend langer Ausbildung der Verbundmittel. Furthermore, it is proposed that the strip-shaped composite extend over a substantial part of the composite region. This embodiment offers the advantage that a continuous transmission of force takes place over the essential part of the composite region. An extension greater than 25%, preferably greater than 50%, more preferably greater than 75%, is considered desirable. In this way, it is advantageous to reduce the amount of mortar contributed, since the overlap length can be reduced with a correspondingly long training of the composite.
Ebenso ist es gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorteilhaft, mehrere kontinuierliche bzw. leistenförmige Verbundmittel umfangsbeabstandet am Eckstielumfang und/oder auf der Pfahlinnenfläche zu verteilen und auf diese Weise ebenfalls die kontinuierliche und richtungsunabhängige Abtragung der auftretenden Schubkräfte zu verbessern und den vorzusehenden Verbundbereich zu verkleinern. Die Verbundmittel werden vorzugsweise gleichmäßig über den Eckstielumfang und/oder auf der Pfahlinnenfläche verteilt angeordnet. Likewise, it is advantageous according to a further embodiment of the invention to distribute a plurality of continuous or strip-shaped composite means circumferentially spaced on Eckstielumfang and / or on the pile inner surface and in this way also to improve the continuous and direction-independent removal of the thrust forces occurring and to reduce the composite area to be provided. The composite means are preferably arranged distributed uniformly over the Eckstielumfang and / or on the pile inner surface.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin auch eine Gründung für ein Turmbauwerk, insbesondere den Turm einer Windenergieanlage, insbesondere einer Offshore- Windenergieanlage, wobei die Gründung eine erfindungsgemäße Verbundstruktur aufweist. Weitere Aspekte der Erfindung betreffen ein Jacket, an dessen Eckstielen erfindungsgemäße Verbundmittel ausgebildet sind, sowie eine Windenergieanlage mit einem solchen Jacket. The present invention further relates to a foundation for a tower construction, in particular the tower of a wind turbine, in particular an offshore wind energy plant, wherein the foundation has a composite structure according to the invention. Further aspects of the invention relate to a jacket, on the corner handles of which inventive composite means are formed, and a wind turbine with such a jacket.
Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden, die in den Figuren schematisiert dargestellt sind. Es zeigen: In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels für eine erfindungsgemäße Pfahlgründung mit diskontinuierlichen Verbundmitteln; Fig. 2 eine Schnittansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels für eine erfindungsgemäße Pfahlgründung mit kontinuierlichen Verbundmitteln; Figure 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a pile foundation according to the invention with discontinuous composite means. FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a second exemplary embodiment of a pile foundation according to the invention with continuous composite means; FIG.
Fig. 3 einige Beispiele für diskontinuierliche Verbundmittel; und Fig. 3 shows some examples of discontinuous composites; and
Fig. 4 einige Beispiele für kontinuierliche Verbundmittel. 4 shows some examples of continuous composites.
In der Fig. 1 ist eine Pfahlgründung 1 für eine Offshore- Windenergieanlage dargestellt. 1, a pile foundation 1 for an offshore wind energy plant is shown.
Die Pfahlgründung 1 umfasst einen Hohlpfahl 2. In dem Hohlpfahl 2 ist ein ver- bundseitiges Ende eines Eckstiels 3 angeordnet, wobei die Eindringtiefe des Eckstiels 3 durch einen sogenannten Pile Stopper 12 begrenzt wird. The pile foundation 1 comprises a hollow pile 2. In the hollow pile 2, a composite end of a corner stem 3 is arranged, wherein the penetration depth of the corner stem 3 is limited by a so-called pile stopper 12.
Der Hohlpfahl 2 ist über seine gesamte dargestellt Länge, insbesondere auch der als Verbundbereich VB bezeichnete Überlappbereich zwischen dem Pfahl 2 und dem Eckstiel 3, mit Mörtel 4 gefüllt. Der Verbundbereich VB erstreckt sich von der Oberkante des Pfahles 2, auf dem der Pile Stopper 12 aufliegt, über die gesamte Übergreiflänge des Eckstiels 3 bis zur unteren Spitze des Eckstiels 3. Der in den Hohlpfahl 2 eingeführte Bereich des Eckstiels 3 wird auch als Grout Pin 15 bezeichnet. In diesem Verbundbereich VB sind diverse diskontinuierliche Verbundmittel 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 an dem Eckstielumfang 13 angeordnet. So ist z. B. ein Kopfbolzendübel 5 an dem Eckstiel 3 befestigt. Weiterhin sind gezeigt: ein Hufeisendübel 6 sowie ein Winkelanker 7, ein Blockdübel 8 und ein T-Dübel 9, wobei der Winkelanker 7, der Blockdübel 8 und der T- Dübel 9 zusätzlich mit Ankerschlaufen oder Hakenankern 10 versehen sind. Zusätzlich zu diesen Verbunddübeln sind an der Hohlpfahlinnenfläche 14 noch ringförmig Schubrippen 11 angeordnet, über die eine Ableitung von Schubkräften in den Pfahl 2 erfolgt. Anders als in Figur 1 gezeigt, wird bei der praktischen Umsetzung der Erfindung in der Regel nur eine Art von Dübeln vorgesehen werden. Figur 1 und insbesondere auch Figur 3 sollen zeigen, dass es eine Vielzahl geeigneter Dübelarten gibt. Verbunddübel werden schon seit längerem z. B. für den Stahl-Beton-Brückenbau verwendet. Eine Beschreibung entsprechender diskontinuierlicher und kontinuierlicher Dübel mit weiteren Verweisen sind z.B. in der Dissertation„Zum Trag- und Verformungsverhalten von Verbundträgern aus ultrahochfestem Beton mit Verbundleisten ", Fakultät für Bauingenieurwesen der RWTH Aachen von Frau Sabine Heinemeyer beschrieben. The hollow pile 2 is filled with mortar 4 over its entire illustrated length, in particular also the overlap region between the pile 2 and the corner stalk 3, designated as composite region VB. The composite region VB extends from the upper edge of the pile 2, on which the pile stopper 12 rests, over the entire overlap length of the Eckstiels 3 to the lower tip of the Eckstiels 3. The introduced into the hollow pile 2 area of the corner post 3 is also called Grout Pin 15 denotes. In this composite region VB various discontinuous composite means 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are arranged on the Eckstielumfang 13. So z. B. a head bolt dowel 5 attached to the corner post 3. Also shown are: a horseshoe dowel 6 and an angle anchor 7, a block dowel 8 and a T-dowel 9, wherein the angle anchor 7, the block dowel 8 and the T-dowel 9 are additionally provided with anchor loops or hook anchors 10. In addition to these composite dowels 14 shear ribs 11 are still arranged on the hollow pile inner surface, via which a derivation of shear forces in the pile 2 takes place. Unlike shown in Figure 1, in the practice of the invention usually only one type of dowels will be provided. Figure 1 and in particular also Figure 3 are intended to show that there are a variety of suitable anchor types. Composite dowels have been around for some time z. B. used for steel-concrete bridge construction. A description of corresponding discontinuous and continuous dowels with further references are described, for example, in the dissertation "On the load-bearing and deformation behavior of composite beams made of ultra-high-strength concrete with composite strips", Faculty of Civil Engineering RWTH Aachen by Ms. Sabine Heinemeyer.
In der Fig. 2 ist eine alternative Pfahlgründung 20 für eine Offshore- Windenergieanlage dargestellt. FIG. 2 shows an alternative pile foundation 20 for an offshore wind energy plant.
Auch die Pfahlgründung 20 besteht aus einem hohlen Pfahl 22, in den ein Eckstiel 23 hineinragt, wiederum begrenzt durch einen am oberen Pfahlrand zur Anlage kommenden Pile Stopper 32. Wie auch schon beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 1 ist auch in diesem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Hohlpfahl 22 über seine gesamte dargestellte Länge mit Mörtel 24 gefüllt, insbesondere also auch der Raum zwischen dem Pfahl 22 und dem Eckstiel 23. In dem Verbundbereich VB, der dem Überlappbereich zwischen Eckstiel 23 und Hohlpfahl 22 entspricht, erfolgt im wesentlichen die Lastübertragung . The pile foundation 20 consists of a hollow post 22 into which a corner post 23 protrudes, again bounded by a pile stopper 32 coming into contact with the upper pile edge. As in the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the hollow pile 22 is also in this second embodiment In the composite region VB, which corresponds to the overlap region between the corner post 23 and hollow pile 22, takes place substantially the load transfer.
Bei dem in der Fig. 2 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel sind statt der diskontinuierlichen Verbundmittel aus Fig. 1 nun mehrere kontinuierliche Verbundmittel 25 an dem Eckstielumfang 33 angeordnet, z.B. vier um 90° umfangs- versetzte Verbundleisten. Weiterhin sind als zusätzliches Verbundmittel Schubrippen 31 an der dem Eckstiel 23 zugewandten Hohlpfahlinnenfläche 34 angeordnet. Denkbar wäre aber auch, statt oder zusätzlich zu den Schubrippen 31 auf der Hohlpfahlinnenfläche 34 ein oder mehrere diskontinuierliche und/oder kontinuierliche Verbundmittel anzuordnen. In the second embodiment shown in Figure 2, instead of the discontinuous composites of Figure 1, a plurality of continuous composites 25 are now disposed on the corner stalk periphery 33, e.g. four composite strips offset by 90 °. Furthermore, shear ribs 31 are arranged on the corner post 23 facing hollow pile inner surface 34 as an additional composite means. It would also be conceivable, instead of or in addition to the push ribs 31 on the hollow pile inner surface 34 to arrange one or more discontinuous and / or continuous composite means.
Die am Eckstiel 23 befestigten kontinuierlichen Verbundmittel 25 sind als Leiste ausgebildet, deren Längsachse parallel zur Längsachse des Eckstiels 23 verläuft. Eine Längsseite der Verbundleiste 25 ist am Eckstiel 23 angeschweißt, die der angeschweißten Seite gegenüberliegende freie Längsseite weist Ausnehmungen 26 zwischen Zähnen 27 auf. The attached to the corner post 23 continuous composite means 25 are formed as a strip whose longitudinal axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the corner post 23. One longitudinal side of the composite strip 25 is welded to the corner post 23, which is the welded side opposite free longitudinal side has recesses 26 between teeth 27.
In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Ausnehmungen 26 klothoidenförmig ausgebildet. Es sind aber auch alternative Ausnehmungsformen denkbar wie z. B. puzzleförmige, schwalbenschwanzförmige oder auch tropfenförmige Ausnehmungen. Weitere Beispiele für geeignete Verbundsleisten sind in Figur 4 dargestellt. In the illustrated embodiment, the recesses 26 are formed klothoidenförmig. But there are also alternative Ausnehmungsformen conceivable such. B. puzzle-shaped, dovetailed or drop-shaped recesses. Further examples of suitable composite strips are shown in FIG.
Fig. 3 zeigt einige nichtabschließende Beispiele für diskontinuierliche Verbundmittel, nämlich von links oben nach rechts unten: Fig. 3 shows some non-exhaustive examples of discontinuous composites, namely from top left to bottom right:
1. Zeile: Kopfbolzendübel;  1st line: head studs;
2. Zeile: in perspektivischer Ansicht Blockdübel mit Ankerschlaufe, T- Dübel mit Hakenanker, C-Dübel mit Ankerschlaufe, Hufeisendübel mit Ankerschlaufe;  2nd line: in perspective view Block dowel with anchor loop, T- dowel with hook anchor, C-dowel with anchor loop, Horseshoe dowel with anchor loop;
3. Zeile: Blockdübel mit Hakenanker in Draufsicht und Seitenansicht, Blockdübel mit Ankerschlaufe in Draufsicht und Seitenansicht, Winkelanker mit Hakenanker in perspektivischer Ansicht.  3rd row: Block dowel with hook anchor in plan view and side view, Block dowel with anchor loop in plan view and side view, angle anchor with hook anchor in perspective view.
Fig. 4 zeigt einige nichtabschließende Beispiele für diskontinuierliche Verbundmittel, nämlich von links oben nach rechts unten: Fig. 4 shows some non-exhaustive examples of discontinuous composites, namely from top left to bottom right:
1. Zeile: Perfobondleiste, Kombidübelleiste (Perfobondleiste mit weiteren Randausnehmungen) ;  1st line: Perfobond strip, combi-rubber strip (perfobond strip with further edge recesses);
2. Zeile: Sägezahnleiste, Puzzleleiste;  2nd line: saw tooth bar, puzzle bar;
3. Zeile: jeweils auf einem Doppel-T-Träger angeschweißt eine Perfobondleiste, eine geschwungene Perfobondleiste, ein T- Verbinder, eine geschwungene Verbundleiste;  3rd line: each welded onto a double T-beam is a perfobond strip, a curved perfobond strip, a T-connector, a curved composite strip;
4. Zeile: die Abbildungen zeigen Beispielprofile von Ausnehmungen 26/Zähnen 27 verschiedener Verbundleisten 25.  4th line: the illustrations show sample profiles of recesses 26 / teeth 27 of various composite strips 25.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) für eine Pfahlgründung zur Verankerung eines Turmbauwerks im Boden, insbesondere einer Windenergieanlage, insbesondere einer Offshore- Windenergieanlage, mit einem hohlen Pfahl (2, 22), der am Aufstellungsort des Turmbauwerkes in den Boden eingebracht ist, weiterhin mit einem mit dem Turmbauwerk verbundenen oder verbindbaren Eckstiel (3, 23), der verbundseitig innerhalb des Pfahls (2, 22) angeordnet ist, sowie mit einem Verbundbereich (VB), in dem durch Einfüllen und Aushärten einer Verbundmasse der Pfahl und der Eckstiel fest miteinander verbunden werden, wobei in dem Verbundbereich (VB) am Pfahl (2, 22) und oder am Eckstiel (3, 23) mindestens ein Verbundmittel (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) zur Uber- tragung von Schubkräften fest angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmittel mindestens eine mit der Verbundmasse (4) ausfüllbare Ausnehmung (26) aufweist oder zusammen mit dem Eckstiel (3, 23) oder Pfahl (2, 22) diese Ausnehmung (26) bildet, wobei die Ausnehmung (26) die sie ausfüllende Verbundmasse (4) um einen Winkelbereich von im wesentlichen 90° oder mehr als 90° umschließt. 1. composite structure (1, 20) for a pile foundation for anchoring a tower structure in the ground, in particular a wind turbine, in particular an offshore wind turbine, with a hollow post (2, 22), which is placed at the site of the tower construction in the ground, continue with a corner post (3, 23) connected or connectable to the tower structure, which is arranged on the composite side within the pile (2, 22), and with a composite region (VB), in which the pile and the corner post are fixed by filling and curing a composite mass at least one composite means (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) for the transmission of shear forces in the composite region (VB) on the pile (2, 22) and / or on the corner post (3, 23) is arranged, characterized in that the composite means at least one with the composite mass (4) fillable recess (26) or together with the corner post (3, 23) or post (2, 22) this recess (26), wherein d ie recess (26) encloses the filling compound (4) by an angular range of substantially 90 ° or more than 90 °.
2. Verbundstruktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmittel (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) eine radiale Erstreckung aufweist, die größer ist als die Wanddicke des das Verbundmittel tragenden Eckstiels (3, 23) oder Pfahls (2, 22). 2. Composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite means (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) has a radial extent which is greater than the wall thickness of the composite supporting Eckstiels (3, 23) or pile ( 2, 22).
3. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmittel (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) an der dem Pfahl zugewandten Eckstielumfangsfläche (13) und/oder an der dem Eckstiel zugewandten Pfahlinnenfläche (14) angeschweißt ist. 3. composite structure (1, 20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composite means (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 25) on the pile facing Eckstielumfangsfläche (13) and / or facing the corner post Pile inner surface (14) is welded.
4. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmittel als kontinuierliches Verbundmittel (25) ausgebildet ist, nämlich als Verbundleiste. 4. composite structure (1, 20) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the composite means is formed as a continuous composite means (25), namely as a composite strip.
5. Verbundstruktur(l, 20) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Verbundleiste (25) im wesentlichen in Richtung der Längsachse des Pfahls (23) bzw. des Eckstiels (22) erstreckt. 5. composite structure (l, 20) according to claim 4, characterized in that the composite strip (25) extends substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the post (23) and the Eckstiels (22).
6. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiste eine Klothoidenleiste mit Ausnehmungen (26) in Form einer lo- thoide und/oder eine Puzzleleiste mit Ausnehmungen in Puzzleteilform ist. 6. The composite structure (1, 20) according to claim 5, characterized in that the strip is a clothoid strip with recesses (26) in the form of a lo- thoide and / or a puzzle bar with recesses in puzzle piece shape.
7. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich das leistenforaiige Verbundmittel (25) über einen wesentlichen Teil des Verbundbereichs (VB) erstreckt. 7. composite structure (1, 20) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the strip-shaped composite means (25) extends over a substantial part of the composite region (VB).
8. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere kontinuierliche Verbundmittel umfangsbeabstandet am Eckstielumfang (33) und/oder auf der Pfahlinnenfläche (34) angeordnet sind. 8. composite structure (1, 20) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that a plurality of continuous composite means circumferentially spaced on Eckstielumfang (33) and / or on the pile inner surface (34) are arranged.
9. Verbundstruktur (1, 20) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Ausnehmung Bewehrungsmittel (10) angeordnet sind. 9. composite structure (1, 20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the recess reinforcing means (10) are arranged.
10. Gründung für ein Turmbauwerk mit einer Verbundstruktur (1, 20) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 10. foundation for a tower structure with a composite structure (1, 20) according to one of the preceding claims.
11. Jacket für eine Windenergieanlage, mit mindestens einem Eckstiel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Eckstiel Verbundmittel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ausgebildet sind. 11. Jacket for a wind turbine, with at least one corner post, characterized in that formed on the corner post composite means according to one of the preceding claims.
12. Windenergieanlage mit einem Jacket nach Anspruch 1 1 und/oder mit einer Gründung nach Anspruch 10. 12. Wind turbine with a jacket according to claim 1 1 and / or with a foundation according to claim 10.
EP13759668.0A 2012-10-24 2013-09-04 Foundation for a wind motor Active EP2912231B1 (en)

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DE102012020871A1 (en) 2014-04-24
CA2884271A1 (en) 2014-05-01
EP2912231B1 (en) 2019-11-13
CA2884271C (en) 2017-07-04
US20150308067A1 (en) 2015-10-29
DK2912231T3 (en) 2020-02-24
US9587365B2 (en) 2017-03-07
ES2771299T3 (en) 2020-07-06
WO2014063765A1 (en) 2014-05-01

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