EP2909083B1 - Device for winding and unwinding a cable around a drum - Google Patents

Device for winding and unwinding a cable around a drum Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2909083B1
EP2909083B1 EP13766053.6A EP13766053A EP2909083B1 EP 2909083 B1 EP2909083 B1 EP 2909083B1 EP 13766053 A EP13766053 A EP 13766053A EP 2909083 B1 EP2909083 B1 EP 2909083B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
locking
counter
releasing
reaction
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Active
Application number
EP13766053.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2909083A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Penven
Jean-Jacques LOSSEC
David HERVOUET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines
    • B63G7/06—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines of electromagnetic type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
    • B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G9/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels against submarines, torpedoes, or mines
    • B63G9/06—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels against submarines, torpedoes, or mines for degaussing vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/12—Driving gear incorporating electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
    • B66D1/485—Control devices automatic electrical

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of naval warfare, and more particularly of the implementation of a device adapted to wind, unroll and lock in winding and unwinding a cable around the drum of a winch.
  • a winch can be loaded aboard a minesweeper such as a minesweeper or dragger to roll up and unroll a mine warfare cable such as a sonar or a simulation device a magnetic and / or acoustic signature. This winch is used to launch, tow and recover the mine warfare device.
  • Magnetic signature means the level of magnetic field generated by the ship at a point located at a predetermined distance from the ship. Limiting the magnetic signature of the ships below a certain threshold makes it possible to avoid the triggering of mines at the passage of the ship since these are triggered classically on detection of a magnetic field higher than a predetermined threshold.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the applicant proposes to make an electric winch, that is to say a winch whose means for driving the drum in rotation relative to the frame of the winch comprise an electric motor.
  • This type of winch overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks since they are compact, easy to control by means of control electronics, control by means of electronic control and easier to maintain a hydraulic power plant.
  • the applicant proposes to make a device for winding and unwinding of a cable comprising a winch, a frame, drive means and a drum
  • the drive means comprising an electric motor for driving the drum in rotation relative to the frame
  • means for locking / unlocking the drum in rotation relative to the chassis for immobilizing and releasing the drum in rotation relative to the frame
  • the locking / unlocking means comprising a first induction coil, called blocking / unlocking.
  • the locking / unlocking means are configured to immobilize the drum relative to the frame when the locking / unlocking coil is not electrically powered.
  • an electromagnetic brake is, by nature, the source of a strong magnetic field and has a significant magnetic signature incompatible with the use of the winch in a context of mine warfare. It conventionally comprises an induction coil which generates a strong magnetic field when traversed by a current.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a solution for limiting the magnetic signature of the device for winding and unwinding a cable.
  • the device for winding and unwinding a cable is characterized in that it further comprises a second induction coil, said negative feedback, said feedback coil being fed electrically, dimensioned and arranged so that the magnetic field produced by the assembly formed by the blocking and feedback coils, when the locking / unlocking coil is energized electrically is less than the magnetic field produced by the locking / unlocking coil at a point at a distance at least equal to a predetermined threshold (greater than 0) of the winch, powering up and disconnection of the power supply of the feedback coil being synchronized with the power up and respectively the power failure of the locking / unlocking coil.
  • a predetermined threshold greater than 0
  • This solution makes it possible to at least partially compensate for the magnetic field generated by the remote locking / unlocking coil of the winch.
  • the feedback coil limits the magnetic signature of the device away from the winch.
  • the device according to the invention thus generates a magnetic field lower than that of the winch. It can thus be used in a mine warfare context aboard a mine warship.
  • This solution also makes it possible to ensure that when the locking / unlocking coil is electrically powered, the magnetic field it generates is at least partially compensated regardless of the value of the current flowing through the locking / unlocking coil. It should be noted that the electric field generated by the locking / unlocking coil is variable because there are at least two phases of use of the winch in which the drum is immobilized or moving (to wind or unroll the drum). cable).
  • the feedback coil and the locking / unlocking coil are powered by the same generator.
  • This advantageous solution makes it possible to at least partially compensate for the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic brake as soon as the locking / unlocking coil is electrically powered and does not require means for synchronizing the generation of a magnetic field by the two coils.
  • the synchronization is automatically performed because of the supply of the two coils by the same generator.
  • this solution does not require a generator specifically dedicated to the reduction of the magnetic signature which lightens the device.
  • the feedback coil is connected in series with the locking / unlocking coil.
  • the product N1 * S1 is substantially equal to the product N2 * S2 where N1 is the number of turns of the locking / unblocking coil, N2 is the number of turns of the feedback coil, S1 is the surface of the turns of the locking / unlocking coil and S2 is the surface of the turns of the feedback coil.
  • the feedback coil is electrically powered by a second generator and the device comprises means for synchronizing the powering on and the breaking of the power supply of the feedback coil with the powering up and the breaking respectively. the power supply of the locking / unlocking coil.
  • the feedback coil is arranged so that the first current flowing in the locking coil / unblocking the second current flowing in the feedback coil circulate in the opposite direction.
  • the locking / unblocking and feedback coils are coaxial.
  • the feedback coil is dimensioned and arranged so as not to disturb the operation of the locking / unlocking means.
  • the feedback and braking coils are spaced along the axis of the locking / unlocking coil.
  • the section of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the feedback coil, its length and the material in which it is made are chosen so that the resistance of the feedback coil is at least 10 times less than the resistance of the locking / unlocking coil.
  • the device comprises means for compensating at least partially at a point outside the vicinity of the winch the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch from the power supply of the locking / unlocking coils and against reaction so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.
  • the means for compensating at least partially the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch comprise a permanent magnetization assembly comprising at least one permanent magnet.
  • the device comprises at least one permanent magnet having a north-south axis parallel to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil.
  • the device comprises a third coil mounted to be continuously supplied by an additional generator capable of generating a direct current, the dimensioning and the arrangement of the third coil being determined so as to compensate at least partially at a point outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch from the power supply of the blocking and feedback coils so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.
  • the subject of the invention is also a mine warfare equipment comprising a minesweeper on which is embarked a device according to the invention, said device further comprising said towing cable and a mine warfare device such as a sonar or a device for simulating the magnetic and / or acoustic signature.
  • a mine warfare equipment comprising a minesweeper on which is embarked a device according to the invention, said device further comprising said towing cable and a mine warfare device such as a sonar or a device for simulating the magnetic and / or acoustic signature.
  • FIG. 1 On the figure 1 , there is shown a ship 2 equipped with a device for winding and unwinding a cable according to the invention.
  • This device comprises a winch 1 installed on a mine warship 2 towing a device 3 of mine warfare by means of a towing cable 4 arranged so that it can be wound around the winch 1.
  • the plane of the water is shown in phantom.
  • the mine warfare device 3 is an active sonar realized in the form of a transmitting antenna and receiving volume.
  • This device could be any other type of sonar or a device for simulating the magnetic and / or acoustic signature of a ship. These devices make it possible to simulate the magnetic field or the acoustic waves generated by a ship, away from the ship so as to cause an explosion of any mines at a distance from the ship.
  • the winch 1 is sized so as to be able to wind around a drum 6 visible on the figure 2 unrolling and unwinding the towing cable 4 in such a way as to be able to recover, put to sea and respectively maintain in operational position, as visible on the figure 1 , or storage, the mine warfare device 3.
  • the winch 1 comprises a frame 5 and the drum 6 movable in rotation, relative to the frame 5, about a first axis x1. It also comprises drive means of the drum 6 comprising an electric motor 7 for driving the drum 6 in rotation relative to the frame about the first axis x1.
  • the drive means also comprise a coupling device 8 of the motor 7 and the drum 6 to transform a rotor rotation movement 10 visible on the figure 3 of the motor 7 relative to the frame 5, about a second axis x2 which is, for example but not necessarily, perpendicular to the axis x1, in a rotational movement of the drum about the axis x1.
  • the coupling means 8 comprise, for example, a chain or a belt or a gearbox. The skilled person knows how to perform this type of coupling in a multitude of technical means.
  • the winch 1 also comprises locking / unlocking means 9.
  • These locking / unlocking means 9 comprise an electromagnet comprising a first induction coil 90 called the locking / unlocking coil and visible on the figure 3 , mounted to be powered by power supply means comprising a generator 11.
  • the generator 11 can be integrated into the winch as is the case on the figure 2 .
  • On the figure 2 it is integral with the frame 5. It is more precisely integrated in a housing or cabinet 12 secured to the chassis 5.
  • the generator is deported to the ship, for example in a cabinet.
  • the generator 11 makes it possible to generate a direct current.
  • the DC current can be constant or a unidirectional variable current that can have several values or be rectified AC.
  • the locking / unlocking means 9 are locking means / deblocking said lack of current. This is called parking brake. They are configured to immobilize the drum relative to the frame when the coil 90 is not electrically powered. In other words, they exert a braking torque on the drum 6 when the unlocking locking coil is not electrically powered. The braking torque serves to immobilize the drum 6 relative to the frame 5 of the winch.
  • They are furthermore configured so as to release the drum 6 in rotation around the axis x1 when the first coil 90 is electrically powered by the generator without exerting a braking torque on the drum 6.
  • the locking / unlocking means 9 are advantageously arranged so that the braking torque exerted on the drum 6 is generated by a first braking torque exerted on the rotor 10.
  • This type of locking / unlocking means is conventional for the skilled person who can implement different means to achieve them.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown an example of locking / unblocking means 9 for lack of current arranged so that the braking torque exerted on the drum 6 is generated by a first braking torque exerted on the rotor 10, the value of which depends on the magnetic field created by the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the locking / unlocking means 9 comprise a locking / unlocking coil 90 integral with the frame 5 of the winch. They also comprise a disc 91 made of a magnetic material, for example steel or another metal, locked in rotation, relative to the frame 5, around the second axis x2, and able to move along the second axis x2 under the effect of the magnetic field created by the coil 90. It is arranged to bear on rotor 10 in the absence of voltage across the coil 90 and thus create a first braking torque on the rotor 10 which immobilizes the rotor rotating about the first axis x1. This torque is reflected on the drum 6 via the coupling means 8 and the drum 6 is immobilized.
  • the disk 91 is arranged so that in the presence of voltage across the blocking / unlocking coil 90, under the effect of the first magnetic field generated by the locking / unlocking coil 90, it is attracted by the coil 90 of way to abut against it and no longer exert braking force on the rotor 10. The rotor can then rotate unhindered, the drum 6 is released in rotation and the coil does not exert a braking force on the drum 6.
  • the electromagnet may consist of the first coil 90 or also include a core of soft ferromagnetic material.
  • the disc 91 can be held against the rotor 10 by a spring.
  • the first magnetic field opposes the force exerted by the spring so as to bring the disk 91 against the coil 90 so as to release the rotor and the drum in rotation.
  • the force required to move the disk 91 is important which requires feeding the first coil with a strong current which is the origin of the generation of a large magnetic field by the brake coil 90.
  • the device also includes means for reducing the winch signature. These means comprise a second coil 100, called the counter-reaction. Otherwise the winch is equipped with a feedback reel.
  • the feedback coil 100 is electrically powered, dimensioned and arranged so that the module, ie the intensity of the magnetic field produced by the assembly formed by the locking / unlocking coils 90 and countercurrent. Reaction 100 when the lock / unlock coil is electrically powered is less than the modulus of the magnetic field produced by the lock / unlock coil 90 at a point at a distance at least equal to a predetermined distance threshold.
  • the powering on and the cutting off of the power supply of the feedback coil 100 are synchronized with the switching on and the cutting off of the power supply of the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the feedback coil 100 is configured to at least partially compensate for the magnetic field generated by the coil / winch remote locking / unlocking coil, when the locking / unlocking coil is electrically energized. .
  • the distance threshold is a distance threshold ensuring that the point is distant from the winch and preferably from the ship to which it is attached.
  • the distance threshold is for example equal to 10m.
  • the feedback coil 100 is mounted to be electrically powered by said generator 11.
  • the two coils are thus fed by the same generator.
  • the device according to the invention does not require external energy input to the power supply of the winch. He is independent of the ship. The operations of mounting and dismounting such a device on the mine warship are therefore simple.
  • the feedback coil is powered by means of a second generator different from the first generator.
  • the device comprises means for synchronizing the powering on and the cutting off of the power supply of the feedback coil with the powering on and the cutting off of the power supply of the locking / unlocking coil respectively.
  • an induction coil comprises an axis which passes through the center of the coil and extends substantially perpendicular to the plane in which extends a turn of the coil.
  • a turn may have different shapes, for example a generally square or circular shape.
  • the feedback coil 100 is mounted so that the first current i1 flowing in the lock / unlock coil 90 flows and the second current i2 flowing in the feedback coil 100 flow in the opposite direction.
  • the feedback coil can be arranged to have a second winding of a second electrical conductor made in the opposite direction. first winding of a first electrical conductor forming the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the feedback coil 100 is arranged so that its axis is parallel to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the feedback coil 100 is arranged to be coaxial with the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the magnetic field vectors B1 and B2 generated by the two coils 90 and 100 at a point P of the axis of the coils oppose each other (for the sake of clarity, each coil is represented by a turn on the figure 4 ).
  • This positioning makes it possible to obtain the best compensation since the fields generated by the coils are maximum on the axis of the coils.
  • the x-axis of the coils is the first axis x1.
  • the axis of the counter-feedback coil 100 coincides with the axis in which the intensity of the first magnetic field produced by the blocking / unlocking means is maximum. It is possible that this axis is offset with respect to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the feedback coil 100 is dimensioned and arranged so that the module, ie the intensity of the magnetic field B generated by the assembly formed by the first and second coils 90, when they are powered by electricity by the generator 11 is smaller than the module, that is to say the intensity of the magnetic field produced by the first coil 90 at a point located at a distance at least equal to the distance threshold and on the axis of the coils .
  • the feedback coil 100 is positioned to surround the drive means. More particularly, it is positioned so as to surround the motor 7.
  • the drive means and the locking / unlocking means are arranged in a housing B or coupled assembly integral with the chassis 5 shown in bold.
  • the motor 7 and the locking / unlocking means 9 are shown in dotted lines because they are normally not visible since surrounded by the box B.
  • the feedback coil 100 is integral with said housing.
  • the coil 100 is secured to the frame 5.
  • the device according to the invention is then mechanically and electrically independent of the ship in the case where the generator 11 is also secured to the frame 5.
  • the dimensioning of the coil 100 relates to the material of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the coil, the radius of the turns constituting the winding or its section and the number of turns of the winding.
  • the respective coils 90, 100 are considered as sets comprising respective numbers N1 and N2 current turns coincident of respective centers C1 and C2 corresponding to the respective centers of the coils 90, 100.
  • the first magnetic field B1 generated by the locking / unlocking coil 90 at a point P located on its axis is proportional to i1 * N1 * S1 / D1 3 where i1 is the current flowing in the locking / unlocking coil 90, N1 is the number of turns of the locking / unlocking coil 90, S1 is the area delimited by turns of the winding constituting the locking / unlocking coil and D1 is the distance between the point of the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the second magnetic field B2 generated by the feedback coil at a point on its axis is proportional to i2 * N2 * S2 / D2 3 where i2 is the current flowing in the feedback coil, N2 is the number of turns of the feedback coil, S2 is the area delimited by the turns of the winding constituting the feedback coil and D2 is the distance between the point P of the feedback coil 100.
  • the feedback coil 100 is connected in series with the lock / release coil 90. In this way the current flowing in the two coils 90, 100 is the same. This makes it easier to dimension the device.
  • the blocking / unblocking and feedback coils are represented by inductances of first value L1 and second value L2, respectively, associated with a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, respectively.
  • the feedback coil 100 is sized and arranged so that the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the device at a point on the axis of the coils is less than a first predetermined intensity when the coils are powered by a predetermined current greater than zero and ensuring the release of the rotating drum.
  • the locking / unlocking coil is advantageously dimensioned so that the product N1 * S1 is substantially equal to the product N2 * S2. This dimensioning makes it possible to obtain a good compromise between the effective compensation rate of the magnetic field and the ease of design.
  • a counter-reaction coil 100 of predetermined surface is selected and it is installed on the winch 1. It is placed at a predetermined point P located at a great distance from the coils on the coil. the axis of the coils and then the number of turns of the winding constituting the feedback coil is varied until the modulus of the magnetic field measured at the point in question is less than one first predetermined threshold for a predetermined current flowing in the locking / unlocking coil.
  • N1 * S1 and N2 * S2 are then not equal but substantially equal because of the external disturbances notably due to the possible other components constituting the electromagnet (presence of magnetic materials inside the coil (core effect)) and due to the fact that the center of the coils is distant on the x2 axis and because the first threshold may be non-zero.
  • substantially equal is meant that N1 * S1 and N2 * S2 are equal to a percentage between 5 and 10%.
  • the feedback coil 100 is connected in parallel with the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the feedback coil 100 is arranged and dimensioned so as not to disturb the operation of the locking / unlocking means.
  • the position of the feedback coil is chosen so that when it is electrically powered with the predetermined current, the drum does not undergo braking force.
  • the feedback coil 100 is advantageously arranged at a distance from the locking / unlocking means 9, that is to say that the ends of the counter-reaction and braking coils facing each other are spaced according to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil 90.
  • the distance between the coils is greater than a second predetermined threshold between 5 times and 50 times the distance separating the locking / unlocking coil 90 and the magnetic element 91.
  • distance separating the two coils is called the distance separating the adjacent (that is to say facing) ends of their respective windings, parallel to the axes of the coils.
  • This embodiment is visible on the figure 2 , the locking / unlocking coil 100 winds the motor 7 and not the locking / unlocking means 9.
  • the section of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the feedback coil 100, its length and its material are chosen so that the resistance of the feedback coil is at least 10 times smaller than the resistance of the feedback coil. locking / unlocking coil. This makes it possible not to significantly reduce the current that the generator makes travel in the first coil.
  • the section of the conductor wire constituting the winding of the feedback coil is greater than the section of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the locking / unlocking coil.
  • the winch 1 will generate a third permanent magnetic field, due to the magnetization of the magnetic elements of the winch under the effect of the magnetic fields created by the coils.
  • This third magnetic field is said to be permanent because it exists permanently, once the coils have been fed a first time by the generator.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously comprises means 110 for compensating, at least partially, at a point located outside the vicinity of the winch, preferably on the axis of the locking / unlocking coil, the magnetic field generated by the magnetization.
  • permanent residual winch 1 from the power supply of the blocking coils / unlocks and feedback with a current flowing in the locking coil / release allowing to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.
  • these means are sized and arranged so that the intensity of the generator magnetic field by the winch 1 outside the near the winch, preferably on the axis of the locking / unlocking coil, when the coils 90, 100 are not electrically powered by the generator 11, is less than a second predetermined magnetic field threshold (for example of the 5 to 10% of the intensity of the magnetic field created by the coil of the blocking / unlocking only) after the generator 11 has supplied the locking / unlocking coil with a current that has released the rotating drum 6 without exercise braking torque on it.
  • a second predetermined magnetic field threshold for example of the 5 to 10% of the intensity of the magnetic field created by the coil of the blocking / unlocking only
  • these compensation means comprise a permanent magnet 110 positioned to have a north-south axis parallel to the axis of coils and having a plane of symmetry passing through the axis of the coils x1.
  • This permanent magnet has for example a symmetry of revolution around the axis of the coils.
  • This permanent magnet is integral with the frame 5. It is, on the realization of the figure 5 contiguous, along the x axis, to the locking / unlocking means 9.
  • these means comprise a permanent magnetization assembly comprising at least one permanent magnet, possibly several, the number and the respective positions are determined to compensate at least partially at a point outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch 1 resulting from the power supply of the locking / unlocking and feedback coils so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.
  • these means comprise a third coil mounted to be continuously supplied by an additional generator capable of generating a direct current, the dimensioning and the arrangement of the third coil being determined so as to compensate at least partially at a point situated in outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch 1 resulting from the power supply of the locking / unlocking and feedback coils so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque on the -this.
  • the third coil is coaxial with the first and second coils.
  • the device comprises only the winch and the compensation means as described above. It may also include the tow rope and the mine warfare device.
  • the invention also relates to a mine warfare equipment including a minesweeping ship on which is embarked a device according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
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Description

Le domaine de l'invention est celui de la guerre des mines navales, et plus particulièrement de la mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif apte à enrouler, dérouler et bloquer en enroulement et déroulement un câble autour du tambour d'un treuil. Un treuil peut être embarqué à bord d'un navire de guerre des mines tel qu'un chasseur de mines ou un dragueur pour enrouler et dérouler un câble relié à un dispositif de guerre des mines tel qu'un sonar ou à un dispositif de simulation d'une signature magnétique et/ou acoustique. Ce treuil sert à mettre à la mer, remorquer et récupérer le dispositif de guerre des mines.The field of the invention is that of naval warfare, and more particularly of the implementation of a device adapted to wind, unroll and lock in winding and unwinding a cable around the drum of a winch. A winch can be loaded aboard a minesweeper such as a minesweeper or dragger to roll up and unroll a mine warfare cable such as a sonar or a simulation device a magnetic and / or acoustic signature. This winch is used to launch, tow and recover the mine warfare device.

Un tel treuil est notamment décrit dans la demande EP 0 475 834 . Dans le contexte de la guerre des mines, on cherche à limiter au maximum la signature magnétique des navires. Par signature magnétique, on entend le niveau de champ magnétique généré par le navire en un point situé à une distance prédéterminée du navire. Le fait de limiter la signature magnétique des navires en dessous d'un certain seuil permet d'éviter le déclenchement de mines au passage du navire puisque celles-ci se déclenchent classiquement sur détection d'un champ magnétique supérieur à un seuil prédéterminé.Such winch is described in particular in the application EP 0 475 834 . In the context of the mine warfare, we try to limit as much as possible the magnetic signature of the ships. Magnetic signature means the level of magnetic field generated by the ship at a point located at a predetermined distance from the ship. Limiting the magnetic signature of the ships below a certain threshold makes it possible to avoid the triggering of mines at the passage of the ship since these are triggered classically on detection of a magnetic field higher than a predetermined threshold.

A cet effet, on utilise classiquement des treuils de remorquage faiblement magnétiques tels que des treuils à moteurs hydrauliques et à frein mécaniques ou hydrauliques. Toutefois, ces treuils présentent l'inconvénient de nécessiter une centrale hydraulique à bord du navire ainsi qu'un personnel formé pour effectuer les tâches de maintenance hydraulique (entretien courant et remplacement de pièces). Par ailleurs, ces dispositifs sont encombrants, coûteux et difficiles à piloter.For this purpose, low magnetic towing winches such as winches with hydraulic motors and mechanical or hydraulic brakes are conventionally used. However, these winches have the disadvantage of requiring a hydraulic unit on board the ship and trained personnel to perform hydraulic maintenance tasks (routine maintenance and parts replacement). Moreover, these devices are bulky, expensive and difficult to control.

Un but de l'invention est de remédier aux inconvénients précités.An object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.

A cet effet, la demanderesse propose de réaliser un treuil électrique, c'est-à-dire un treuil dont les moyens d'entraînement du tambour en rotation par rapport au châssis du treuil comprennent un moteur électrique. Ce type de treuil permet de remédier aux inconvénients précités puisqu'ils sont compacts, faciles à commander au moyen d'une électronique de commande, à contrôler au moyen d'une électronique de contrôle et plus facile à entretenir qu'une centrale hydraulique. En particulier, la demanderesse se propose de réaliser un dispositif d'enroulement et de déroulement d'un câble comprenant un treuil, un châssis, des moyens d'entraînement et un tambour, les moyens d'entraînement comprenant un moteur électrique permettant d'entraîner le tambour en rotation par rapport au châssis, des moyens de blocage/déblocage du tambour en rotation par rapport au châssis permettant d'immobiliser et de libérer le tambour en rotation par rapport au châssis, les moyens de blocage/déblocage comprenant une première bobine d'induction, dite de blocage/déblocage. Les moyens de blocage/déblocage sont configurés de manière à immobiliser le tambour par rapport au châssis lorsque la bobine de blocage/déblocage n'est pas alimentée électriquement.For this purpose, the applicant proposes to make an electric winch, that is to say a winch whose means for driving the drum in rotation relative to the frame of the winch comprise an electric motor. This type of winch overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks since they are compact, easy to control by means of control electronics, control by means of electronic control and easier to maintain a hydraulic power plant. In particular, the applicant proposes to make a device for winding and unwinding of a cable comprising a winch, a frame, drive means and a drum, the drive means comprising an electric motor for driving the drum in rotation relative to the frame, means for locking / unlocking the drum in rotation relative to the chassis for immobilizing and releasing the drum in rotation relative to the frame, the locking / unlocking means comprising a first induction coil, called blocking / unlocking. The locking / unlocking means are configured to immobilize the drum relative to the frame when the locking / unlocking coil is not electrically powered.

Un tel dispositif est connu du document US 2, 695, 086 .Such a device is known from the document US 2, 695, 086 .

Toutefois, la mise en oeuvre de ce type de dispositif pose un nouveau problème qui est spécifique au contexte de guerre des mines. En effet, un frein électromagnétique est, par nature, la source d'un fort champ magnétique et présente une signature magnétique importante incompatible avec une utilisation du treuil dans un contexte de guerre des mines. Il comprend classiquement une bobine à induction qui génère un fort champ magnétique lorsqu'elle est parcourue par un courant.However, the implementation of this type of device poses a new problem that is specific to the context of mine warfare. Indeed, an electromagnetic brake is, by nature, the source of a strong magnetic field and has a significant magnetic signature incompatible with the use of the winch in a context of mine warfare. It conventionally comprises an induction coil which generates a strong magnetic field when traversed by a current.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer une solution permettant de limiter la signature magnétique du dispositif pour enrouler et dérouler un câble.Another object of the invention is to provide a solution for limiting the magnetic signature of the device for winding and unwinding a cable.

A cet effet, le dispositif permettant d'enrouler et de dérouler un câble selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une deuxième bobine d'induction, dite de contre-réaction, ladite bobine de contre-réaction étant alimentée électriquement, dimensionnée et agencée de façon que le champ magnétique produit par l'ensemble formé par les bobines de blocage et de contre-réaction, lorsque la bobine de blocage/déblocage est alimentée électriquement est inférieur au champ magnétique produit par la bobine de blocage/déblocage en un point situé à une distance au moins égale à un seuil prédéterminé (supérieur à 0) du treuil, la mise sous tension et la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de contre-réaction étant synchronisées avec la mise sous tension et respectivement la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.For this purpose, the device for winding and unwinding a cable according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a second induction coil, said negative feedback, said feedback coil being fed electrically, dimensioned and arranged so that the magnetic field produced by the assembly formed by the blocking and feedback coils, when the locking / unlocking coil is energized electrically is less than the magnetic field produced by the locking / unlocking coil at a point at a distance at least equal to a predetermined threshold (greater than 0) of the winch, powering up and disconnection of the power supply of the feedback coil being synchronized with the power up and respectively the power failure of the locking / unlocking coil.

Cette solution permet de compenser au moins partiellement le champ magnétique généré par la bobine de blocage/déblocage à distance du treuil. Autrement dit, la bobine de contre-réaction permet de limiter la signature magnétique du dispositif à distance du treuil. Le dispositif selon l'invention génère ainsi un champ magnétique inférieur à celui du treuil. Il peut ainsi être utilisé dans un contexte de guerre de mines à bord d'un navire de guerre des mines.This solution makes it possible to at least partially compensate for the magnetic field generated by the remote locking / unlocking coil of the winch. In other words, the feedback coil limits the magnetic signature of the device away from the winch. The device according to the invention thus generates a magnetic field lower than that of the winch. It can thus be used in a mine warfare context aboard a mine warship.

Cette solution permet également de s'assurer que dés lors que la bobine de blocage/déblocage est alimentée électriquement, le champ magnétique qu'elle génère est au moins partiellement compensé quelque soit la valeur du courant parcourant la bobine de blocage/déblocage. Il faut en effet noter que le champ électrique généré par la bobine de blocage/déblocage est variable du fait qu'il existe au moins deux phases d'utilisation du treuil dans lesquelles le tambour est immobilisé ou respectivement en mouvement (pour enrouler ou dérouler le câble).This solution also makes it possible to ensure that when the locking / unlocking coil is electrically powered, the magnetic field it generates is at least partially compensated regardless of the value of the current flowing through the locking / unlocking coil. It should be noted that the electric field generated by the locking / unlocking coil is variable because there are at least two phases of use of the winch in which the drum is immobilized or moving (to wind or unroll the drum). cable).

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction et la bobine de blocage/déblocage sont alimentées par le même générateur.Advantageously, the feedback coil and the locking / unlocking coil are powered by the same generator.

Cette solution avantageuse permet de compenser au moins partiellement le champ magnétique généré par le frein électromagnétique dés que la bobine de blocage/déblocage est alimentée électriquement et ne nécessite pas de moyens de synchronisation de la génération d'un champ magnétique par les deux bobines. La synchronisation est automatiquement réalisée du fait de l'alimentation des deux bobines par le même générateur. Par ailleurs, cette solution ne nécessite pas de générateur spécifiquement dédié à la réduction de la signature magnétique ce qui allège le dispositif.This advantageous solution makes it possible to at least partially compensate for the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic brake as soon as the locking / unlocking coil is electrically powered and does not require means for synchronizing the generation of a magnetic field by the two coils. The synchronization is automatically performed because of the supply of the two coils by the same generator. Moreover, this solution does not require a generator specifically dedicated to the reduction of the magnetic signature which lightens the device.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction est montée en série avec la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the feedback coil is connected in series with the locking / unlocking coil.

Avantageusement, le produit N1*S1 est sensiblement égal au produit N2*S2 où N1 est le nombre de spires de la bobine de blocage/déblocage, N2 est le nombre de spires de la bobine de contre-réaction, S1 est la surface des spires de la bobine de blocage/déblocage et S2 est la surface des spires de la bobine de contre-réaction.Advantageously, the product N1 * S1 is substantially equal to the product N2 * S2 where N1 is the number of turns of the locking / unblocking coil, N2 is the number of turns of the feedback coil, S1 is the surface of the turns of the locking / unlocking coil and S2 is the surface of the turns of the feedback coil.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre réaction est alimentée électriquement par un deuxième générateur et le dispositif comprend des moyens pour synchroniser la mise sous tension et la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de contre-réaction avec la mise sous tension et respectivement la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the feedback coil is electrically powered by a second generator and the device comprises means for synchronizing the powering on and the breaking of the power supply of the feedback coil with the powering up and the breaking respectively. the power supply of the locking / unlocking coil.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction est agencée de façon que le premier courant circulant dans la bobine de blocage/déblocage le deuxième courant circulant dans la bobine de contre-réaction circulent en sens-contraire.Advantageously, the feedback coil is arranged so that the first current flowing in the locking coil / unblocking the second current flowing in the feedback coil circulate in the opposite direction.

Avantageusement, les bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre-réaction sont coaxiales.Advantageously, the locking / unblocking and feedback coils are coaxial.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction est dimensionnée et agencée de façon à ne pas perturber le fonctionnement des moyens de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the feedback coil is dimensioned and arranged so as not to disturb the operation of the locking / unlocking means.

Avantageusement, les bobines de contre-réaction et de freinage sont espacées selon l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the feedback and braking coils are spaced along the axis of the locking / unlocking coil.

Avantageusement, la section du fil conducteur constituant l'enroulement de la bobine de contre-réaction, sa longueur et le matériau dans lequel il est réalisé sont choisis de façon que la résistance de la bobine de contre-réaction soit au moins 10 fois inférieure à la résistance de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the section of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the feedback coil, its length and the material in which it is made are chosen so that the resistance of the feedback coil is at least 10 times less than the resistance of the locking / unlocking coil.

Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend des moyens pour compenser au moins partiellement en un point situé en dehors du voisinage du treuil le champ magnétique généré par l'aimantation résiduelle permanente du treuil issue de l'alimentation électrique des bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre-réaction de façon à libérer le tambour sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.Advantageously, the device comprises means for compensating at least partially at a point outside the vicinity of the winch the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch from the power supply of the locking / unlocking coils and against reaction so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.

Avantageusement, les moyens pour compenser au moins partiellement le champ magnétique généré par l'aimantation résiduelle permanente du treuil comprennent un ensemble d'aimantation permanente comprenant au moins un aimant permanent.Advantageously, the means for compensating at least partially the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch comprise a permanent magnetization assembly comprising at least one permanent magnet.

Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend au moins un aimant permanent présentant un axe nord-sud parallèle à l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the device comprises at least one permanent magnet having a north-south axis parallel to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil.

Avantageusement, le dispositif comprend une troisième bobine montée pour être alimentée en permanence par un générateur supplémentaire apte à générer un courant continu, le dimensionnement et l'agencement de la troisième bobine étant déterminés de façon à compenser au moins partiellement en un point situé en dehors du voisinage du treuil, le champ magnétique généré par l'aimantation résiduelle permanente du treuil issue de l'alimentation électrique des bobines de blocage et de contre-réaction de façon à libérer le tambour sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.Advantageously, the device comprises a third coil mounted to be continuously supplied by an additional generator capable of generating a direct current, the dimensioning and the arrangement of the third coil being determined so as to compensate at least partially at a point outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch from the power supply of the blocking and feedback coils so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.

L'invention a également pour objet un équipement de guerre des mines comprenant un navire de guerre des mines à bord duquel est embarqué un dispositif selon l'invention, ledit dispositif comprenant en outre ledit câble de remorquage et un dispositif de guerre des mines tel qu'un sonar ou à un dispositif de simulation de la signature magnétique et/ou acoustique.The subject of the invention is also a mine warfare equipment comprising a minesweeper on which is embarked a device according to the invention, said device further comprising said towing cable and a mine warfare device such as a sonar or a device for simulating the magnetic and / or acoustic signature.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement un navire équipé d'un dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente schématiquement les éléments du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 représente schématiquement les éléments d'un exemple de moyens de blocage/déblocage,
  • la figure 4 représente de façon schématique les champs magnétiques produits par les bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre- réaction sur l'axe des bobines dans le cas où elles sont coaxiales comme représenté sur la figure 2,
  • la figure 5 représente schématiquement un montage en série des bobines de blocage/ déblocage et de contre-réaction,
  • la figure 6 représente schématiquement un montage en parallèle des bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre-réaction.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, given by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 schematically represents a vessel equipped with a device according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 schematically represents the elements of the device according to the invention,
  • the figure 3 schematically represents the elements of an example of locking / unlocking means,
  • the figure 4 schematically represents the magnetic fields produced by the locking / unblocking and feedback coils on the axis of the coils in the case where they are coaxial as shown in FIG. figure 2 ,
  • the figure 5 schematically represents a series connection of the locking / unlocking and feedback coils,
  • the figure 6 schematically represents a parallel assembly of the locking / unlocking and feedback coils.

D'une figure à l'autre, les mêmes éléments sont repérés par les mêmes références.From one figure to another, the same elements are identified by the same references.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un navire 2 équipé d'un dispositif d'enroulement et de déroulement d'un câble selon l'invention.On the figure 1 , there is shown a ship 2 equipped with a device for winding and unwinding a cable according to the invention.

Ce dispositif comprend un treuil 1 installé sur un navire de guerre des mines 2 remorquant un dispositif 3 de guerre des mines au moyen d'un câble de remorquage 4 agencé de manière à pouvoir être enroulé autour du treuil 1. Le plan de l'eau est représenté en traits mixtes.This device comprises a winch 1 installed on a mine warship 2 towing a device 3 of mine warfare by means of a towing cable 4 arranged so that it can be wound around the winch 1. The plane of the water is shown in phantom.

Sur la réalisation de la figure, le dispositif de guerre des mines 3 est un sonar actif réalisé sous la forme d'une antenne d'émission et de réception volumique. Ce dispositif pourrait être tout autre type de sonar ou bien un dispositif de simulation de la signature magnétique et/ou acoustique d'un navire. Ces dispositifs permettent de simuler le champ magnétique ou les ondes acoustiques généré(es) par un navire, à distance du navire de façon à provoquer une explosion d'éventuelles mines à distance du navire.On the realization of the figure, the mine warfare device 3 is an active sonar realized in the form of a transmitting antenna and receiving volume. This device could be any other type of sonar or a device for simulating the magnetic and / or acoustic signature of a ship. These devices make it possible to simulate the magnetic field or the acoustic waves generated by a ship, away from the ship so as to cause an explosion of any mines at a distance from the ship.

Le treuil 1 est dimensionné de façon à pouvoir enrouler autour d'un tambour 6 visible sur la figure 2, dérouler et bloquer en enroulement et en déroulement le câble de remorquage 4 de manière à pouvoir récupérer, mettre à la mer et respectivement maintenir en position opérationnelle, telle que visible sur la figure 1, ou de stockage, le dispositif de guerre de mines 3.The winch 1 is sized so as to be able to wind around a drum 6 visible on the figure 2 unrolling and unwinding the towing cable 4 in such a way as to be able to recover, put to sea and respectively maintain in operational position, as visible on the figure 1 , or storage, the mine warfare device 3.

Comme visible sur la figure 2, le treuil 1 comprend un châssis 5 et le tambour 6 mobile en rotation, par rapport au châssis 5, autour d'un premier axe x1. Il comprend également des moyens d'entraînement du tambour 6 comprenant un moteur électrique 7 permettant d'entraîner le tambour 6 en rotation par rapport au châssis autour du premier axe x1.As visible on the figure 2 , the winch 1 comprises a frame 5 and the drum 6 movable in rotation, relative to the frame 5, about a first axis x1. It also comprises drive means of the drum 6 comprising an electric motor 7 for driving the drum 6 in rotation relative to the frame about the first axis x1.

Les moyens d'entraînement comprennent également un dispositif d'accouplement 8 du moteur 7 et du tambour 6 pour transformer un mouvement de rotation rotor 10, visible sur la figure 3, du moteur 7 par rapport au châssis 5, autour d'un deuxième axe x2 qui est, par exemple mais non nécessairement, perpendiculaire à l'axe x1, en un mouvement de rotation du tambour autour de l'axe x1.The drive means also comprise a coupling device 8 of the motor 7 and the drum 6 to transform a rotor rotation movement 10 visible on the figure 3 of the motor 7 relative to the frame 5, about a second axis x2 which is, for example but not necessarily, perpendicular to the axis x1, in a rotational movement of the drum about the axis x1.

Autrement dit, la rotation du rotor 10 par rapport au châssis 5 autour de l'axe x2 entraîne le tambour 6 en rotation autour de l'axe x1.In other words, the rotation of the rotor 10 relative to the frame 5 about the axis x2 drives the drum 6 in rotation around the axis x1.

Les moyens d'accouplement 8 comprennent, par exemple, une chaine ou une courroie ou un réducteur. L'homme du métier sait réaliser ce type d'accouplement selon une multitude de moyens techniques.The coupling means 8 comprise, for example, a chain or a belt or a gearbox. The skilled person knows how to perform this type of coupling in a multitude of technical means.

Le treuil 1 comprend également des moyens de blocage/déblocage 9. Ces moyens de blocage/déblocage 9 comprennent un électroaimant comprenant une première bobine d'induction 90 dite bobine de blocage/déblocage et visible sur la figure 3, montée pour être alimentée par moyens d'alimentation comprenant un générateur 11.The winch 1 also comprises locking / unlocking means 9. These locking / unlocking means 9 comprise an electromagnet comprising a first induction coil 90 called the locking / unlocking coil and visible on the figure 3 , mounted to be powered by power supply means comprising a generator 11.

Le générateur 11 peut-être intégré au treuil comme c'est le cas sur la figure 2. Sur la figure 2, il est solidaire du châssis 5. Il est plus précisément intégré dans un boitier ou armoire 12 solidaire du châssis 5. En variante, le générateur est déporté sur le navire, par exemple dans une armoire.The generator 11 can be integrated into the winch as is the case on the figure 2 . On the figure 2 it is integral with the frame 5. It is more precisely integrated in a housing or cabinet 12 secured to the chassis 5. Alternatively, the generator is deported to the ship, for example in a cabinet.

Le générateur 11 permet de générer un courant continu. Le courant continu peut être constant ou bien un courant variable unidirectionnel pouvant présenter plusieurs valeurs ou être un courant alternatif redressé.The generator 11 makes it possible to generate a direct current. The DC current can be constant or a unidirectional variable current that can have several values or be rectified AC.

Les moyens de blocage/déblocage 9 sont des moyens de blocage/déblocage dits à manque de courant. On parle alors de frein parking. Ils sont configurés de manière à immobiliser le tambour par rapport au châssis lorsque la bobine 90 n'est pas alimentée électriquement. Autrement dit, ils exercent un couple de freinage sur le tambour 6 lorsque la bobine de blocage déblocage n'est pas alimentée électriquement. Le couple de freinage sert à immobiliser le tambour 6 par rapport au châssis 5 du treuil.The locking / unlocking means 9 are locking means / deblocking said lack of current. This is called parking brake. They are configured to immobilize the drum relative to the frame when the coil 90 is not electrically powered. In other words, they exert a braking torque on the drum 6 when the unlocking locking coil is not electrically powered. The braking torque serves to immobilize the drum 6 relative to the frame 5 of the winch.

Ils sont en outre configurés de façon à libérer le tambour 6 en rotation autour de l'axe x1 lorsque la première bobine 90 est alimentée électriquement par le générateur sans exercer de couple de freinage sur le tambour 6.They are furthermore configured so as to release the drum 6 in rotation around the axis x1 when the first coil 90 is electrically powered by the generator without exerting a braking torque on the drum 6.

Il s'agit d'une configuration idéale dans un contexte de guerre des mines puisque la bobine de blocage/déblocage n'est alimentée et ne produit un champ magnétique contribuant à augmenter la signature magnétique du treuil que lors des opérations de déploiement et de récupération du corps remorqué mais pas lorsque le tambour est immobilisé pour maintenir le corps remorqué en position opérationnelle (ligne de remorquage déployée avec, par exemple, un corps remorqué 3a, 3b immergé comme visible sur la figure 1) ou en position de stockage (câble de remorquage enroulée autour du tambour). Or, le tambour 6 est plus souvent immobilisé qu'il ne pivote.This is an ideal configuration in a mine warfare context since the lock / unlock coil is energized and produces a magnetic field that increases the magnetic signature of the winch only during deployment and recovery operations. of the towed body but not when the drum is immobilized to maintain the towed body in operational position (tow line deployed with, for example, a towed body 3a, 3b immersed as visible on the figure 1 ) or in storage position (towing cable wrapped around the drum). However, the drum 6 is more often immobilized than it pivots.

Les moyens de blocage/déblocage 9 sont avantageusement agencés de façon que le couple de freinage exercé sur le tambour 6 soit engendré par un premier couple de freinage exercé sur le rotor 10.The locking / unlocking means 9 are advantageously arranged so that the braking torque exerted on the drum 6 is generated by a first braking torque exerted on the rotor 10.

Ce type de moyens de blocage/déblocage est classique pour l'homme du métier qui peut mettre en oeuvre différents moyens pour les réaliser.This type of locking / unlocking means is conventional for the skilled person who can implement different means to achieve them.

Sur la figure 3, on a représenté un exemple de moyens de blocage/déblocage 9 à manque de courant agencés de façon que le couple de freinage exercé sur le tambour 6 est engendré par un premier couple de freinage exercé sur le rotor 10 dont la valeur dépend du champ magnétique créé par la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.On the figure 3 , there is shown an example of locking / unblocking means 9 for lack of current arranged so that the braking torque exerted on the drum 6 is generated by a first braking torque exerted on the rotor 10, the value of which depends on the magnetic field created by the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Dans cet exemple, les moyens de blocage/déblocage 9 comprennent une bobine de blocage/déblocage 90 solidaire du châssis 5 du treuil. Ils comprennent également un disque 91 réalisé dans un matériau magnétique, par exemple en acier ou dans un autre métal, bloqué en rotation, par rapport au châssis 5, autour du deuxième axe x2, et apte à se déplacer le long du deuxième axe x2 sous l'effet du champ magnétique créé par la bobine 90. Il est agencé de façon à venir en appui sur rotor 10 en l'absence de tension aux bornes de la bobine 90 et ainsi créer un premier couple de freinage sur le rotor 10 qui immobilise le rotor en rotation autour du premier axe x1. Ce couple se répercute sur le tambour 6 par l'intermédiaire des moyens d'accouplement 8 et le tambour 6 est immobilisé.In this example, the locking / unlocking means 9 comprise a locking / unlocking coil 90 integral with the frame 5 of the winch. They also comprise a disc 91 made of a magnetic material, for example steel or another metal, locked in rotation, relative to the frame 5, around the second axis x2, and able to move along the second axis x2 under the effect of the magnetic field created by the coil 90. It is arranged to bear on rotor 10 in the absence of voltage across the coil 90 and thus create a first braking torque on the rotor 10 which immobilizes the rotor rotating about the first axis x1. This torque is reflected on the drum 6 via the coupling means 8 and the drum 6 is immobilized.

Le disque 91 est agencé de façon qu'en présence de tension aux bornes de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90, sous l'effet du premier champ magnétique généré par la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90, il soit attiré par la bobine 90 de façon à se mettre en appui contre elle et ne plus exercer d'effort de freinage sur le rotor 10. Le rotor peut alors tourner sans entrave, le tambour 6 est libéré en rotation et la bobine n'exerce pas d'effort de freinage sur le tambour 6.The disk 91 is arranged so that in the presence of voltage across the blocking / unlocking coil 90, under the effect of the first magnetic field generated by the locking / unlocking coil 90, it is attracted by the coil 90 of way to abut against it and no longer exert braking force on the rotor 10. The rotor can then rotate unhindered, the drum 6 is released in rotation and the coil does not exert a braking force on the drum 6.

L'homme du métier sait réaliser ce type de moyens de blocage/déblocage de différentes façons.The skilled person knows how to achieve this type of locking / unlocking means in different ways.

L'électroaimant peut être constitué de la première bobine 90 ou comprendre également un noyau en matériau ferromagnétique doux. En absence de courant, le disque 91 peut être maintenu contre le rotor 10 par un ressort. En présence de courant, le premier champ magnétique s'oppose à la force exercée par le ressort de sorte à amener le disque 91 contre la bobine 90 de façon à libérer le rotor et le tambour en rotation.The electromagnet may consist of the first coil 90 or also include a core of soft ferromagnetic material. In the absence of current, the disc 91 can be held against the rotor 10 by a spring. In the presence of current, the first magnetic field opposes the force exerted by the spring so as to bring the disk 91 against the coil 90 so as to release the rotor and the drum in rotation.

La force nécessaire pour déplacer le disque 91 est importante ce qui nécessite d'alimenter la première bobine avec un fort courant qui est à l'origine de la génération d'un champ magnétique important par la bobine du frein 90.The force required to move the disk 91 is important which requires feeding the first coil with a strong current which is the origin of the generation of a large magnetic field by the brake coil 90.

Le dispositif comprend également des moyens pour réduire la signature du treuil. Ces moyens comprennent une deuxième bobine 100, dite de contre-réaction. Autrement le treuil est muni d'une bobine de contre-réaction. La bobine de contre-réaction 100 est alimentée électriquement, dimensionnée et agencée de façon que le module c'est-à-dire l'intensité du champ magnétique produit par l'ensemble formé par les bobines de blocage/déblocage 90 et de contre-réaction 100, lorsque la bobine de blocage/déblocage est alimentée électriquement est inférieur au module du champ magnétique produit par la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90 en un point situé à une distance au moins égale à un seuil de distance prédéterminé. Par ailleurs, la mise sous tension et la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de contre-réaction 100 sont synchronisées avec la mise sous tension et respectivement la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.The device also includes means for reducing the winch signature. These means comprise a second coil 100, called the counter-reaction. Otherwise the winch is equipped with a feedback reel. The feedback coil 100 is electrically powered, dimensioned and arranged so that the module, ie the intensity of the magnetic field produced by the assembly formed by the locking / unlocking coils 90 and countercurrent. Reaction 100 when the lock / unlock coil is electrically powered is less than the modulus of the magnetic field produced by the lock / unlock coil 90 at a point at a distance at least equal to a predetermined distance threshold. On the other hand, the powering on and the cutting off of the power supply of the feedback coil 100 are synchronized with the switching on and the cutting off of the power supply of the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Autrement dit, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est configurée de façon à compenser au moins partiellement le champ magnétique généré par la bobine de blocage/déblocage à distance des bobines ou du treuil, lorsque la bobine de blocage/déblocage est alimentée électriquement en tension.In other words, the feedback coil 100 is configured to at least partially compensate for the magnetic field generated by the coil / winch remote locking / unlocking coil, when the locking / unlocking coil is electrically energized. .

Le seuil de distance est un seuil de distance garantissant que le point est distant du treuil et avantageusement du navire sur lequel il est fixé. Le seuil de distance est par exemple égal à 10m.The distance threshold is a distance threshold ensuring that the point is distant from the winch and preferably from the ship to which it is attached. The distance threshold is for example equal to 10m.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est montée pour être alimentée électriquement par ledit générateur 11. Les deux bobines sont ainsi alimentées par le même générateur.Advantageously, the feedback coil 100 is mounted to be electrically powered by said generator 11. The two coils are thus fed by the same generator.

Outre les avantages mentionnés précédemment, lorsque le générateur est intégré au treuil 1, le dispositif selon l'invention ne nécessite pas d'apport d'énergie extérieure à l'alimentation du treuil. Il est indépendant du navire. Les opérations de montage et de démontage d'un tel dispositif sur le navire de guerre des mines sont donc simples.In addition to the advantages mentioned above, when the generator is integrated with the winch 1, the device according to the invention does not require external energy input to the power supply of the winch. He is independent of the ship. The operations of mounting and dismounting such a device on the mine warship are therefore simple.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, non représenté, la bobine de contre-réaction est alimentée au moyen d'un deuxième générateur différent du premier générateur. Le dispositif comprend des moyens pour synchroniser la mise sous tension et la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de contre-réaction avec la mise sous tension et respectivement la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.In another embodiment, not shown, the feedback coil is powered by means of a second generator different from the first generator. The device comprises means for synchronizing the powering on and the cutting off of the power supply of the feedback coil with the powering on and the cutting off of the power supply of the locking / unlocking coil respectively.

Nous rappelons qu'une bobine d'induction comprend un axe qui passe par le centre de la bobine et s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement au plan dans lequel s'étend une spire de la bobine. Une spire peut présenter différentes formes, par exemple une forme globalement carrée ou circulaire.We recall that an induction coil comprises an axis which passes through the center of the coil and extends substantially perpendicular to the plane in which extends a turn of the coil. A turn may have different shapes, for example a generally square or circular shape.

Avantageusement, comme visible sur la figure 4, la bobine de contre réaction 100 est montée de façon que le premier courant i1 circulant dans la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90 circule et le deuxième courant i2 circulant dans la bobine de contre-réaction 100 circulent en sens contraire. Cela est réalisé par un montage électrique et un agencement adéquat de l'enroulement de la bobine de contre-réaction 100. La bobine de contre-réaction peut être agencée de façon à présenter un deuxième enroulement d'un deuxième conducteur électrique réalisé en sens contraire du premier enroulement d'un premier conducteur électrique formant la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.Advantageously, as visible on the figure 4 , the feedback coil 100 is mounted so that the first current i1 flowing in the lock / unlock coil 90 flows and the second current i2 flowing in the feedback coil 100 flow in the opposite direction. This is achieved by an electrical assembly and a suitable arrangement of the winding of the feedback coil 100. The feedback coil can be arranged to have a second winding of a second electrical conductor made in the opposite direction. first winding of a first electrical conductor forming the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est agencée de manière que son axe soit parallèle à l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.Advantageously, the feedback coil 100 is arranged so that its axis is parallel to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Avantageusement, comme visible sur la figure 4, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est agencée de manière à être coaxiale avec la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90. De cette manière, lorsque les bobines 90, 100 sont alimentées électriquement, les vecteurs champs magnétiques B1 et B2 générés par les deux bobines respectives 90 et 100, en un point P de l'axe des bobines s'opposent (pour plus de clarté, chaque bobine est représentée par une spire sur la figure 4). Ce positionnement permet d'obtenir la meilleure compensation puisque les champs générés par les bobines sont maximums sur l'axe des bobines.Advantageously, as visible on the figure 4 , the feedback coil 100 is arranged to be coaxial with the locking / unlocking coil 90. In this way, when the coils 90, 100 are electrically powered, the magnetic field vectors B1 and B2 generated by the two coils 90 and 100, at a point P of the axis of the coils oppose each other (for the sake of clarity, each coil is represented by a turn on the figure 4 ). This positioning makes it possible to obtain the best compensation since the fields generated by the coils are maximum on the axis of the coils.

Sur la réalisation des figures, l'axe x des bobines est le premier axe x1.In the embodiment of the figures, the x-axis of the coils is the first axis x1.

En variante, l'axe de la bobine de contre réaction 100 est confondu avec l'axe selon lequel l'intensité du premier champ magnétique produit par les moyens de blocage/déblocage est maximale. Il se peut en effet que cet axe soit décalé par rapport à l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.In a variant, the axis of the counter-feedback coil 100 coincides with the axis in which the intensity of the first magnetic field produced by the blocking / unlocking means is maximum. It is possible that this axis is offset with respect to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est dimensionnée et agencée de façon que le module c'est à dire l'intensité du champ magnétique B généré par l'ensemble formé par les première et deuxième bobines 90, lorsqu'elles sont alimentées en électricité par le générateur 11 est inférieur au module c'est-à-dire à l'intensité du champ magnétique produit par la première bobine 90 en un point situé à un distance au moins égale au seuil de distance et sur l'axe des bobines.Advantageously, the feedback coil 100 is dimensioned and arranged so that the module, ie the intensity of the magnetic field B generated by the assembly formed by the first and second coils 90, when they are powered by electricity by the generator 11 is smaller than the module, that is to say the intensity of the magnetic field produced by the first coil 90 at a point located at a distance at least equal to the distance threshold and on the axis of the coils .

Sur la réalisation des figures, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est positionnée de façon à entourer les moyens d'entraînement. Plus particulièrement, elle est positionnée de façon à entourer le moteur 7.In the embodiment of the figures, the feedback coil 100 is positioned to surround the drive means. More particularly, it is positioned so as to surround the motor 7.

Sur la réalisation de la figure 2, les moyens d'entraînement et les moyens de blocage/déblocage sont disposés dans un boitier B ou ensemble accouplé solidaire du châssis 5 représenté en gras. Le moteur 7 et les moyens de blocage/déblocage 9 sont représentés en traits pointillés car ils ne sont normalement pas visibles puisqu'entourés par le boitier B.On the realization of the figure 2 , the drive means and the locking / unlocking means are arranged in a housing B or coupled assembly integral with the chassis 5 shown in bold. The motor 7 and the locking / unlocking means 9 are shown in dotted lines because they are normally not visible since surrounded by the box B.

La bobine de contre-réaction 100 est solidaire dudit boitier. En d'autres termes, la bobine 100 est solidaire du châssis 5. Le dispositif selon l'invention est alors indépendant mécaniquement et électriquement du navire dans le cas où le générateur 11 est lui aussi solidaire du châssis 5.The feedback coil 100 is integral with said housing. In other words, the coil 100 is secured to the frame 5. The device according to the invention is then mechanically and electrically independent of the ship in the case where the generator 11 is also secured to the frame 5.

Le dimensionnement de la bobine 100 porte sur le matériau du fil conducteur constituant l'enroulement de la bobine, le rayon des spires constituant l'enroulement ou sa section et sur le nombre de tours de l'enroulement.The dimensioning of the coil 100 relates to the material of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the coil, the radius of the turns constituting the winding or its section and the number of turns of the winding.

A grande distance des bobines (c'est-à-dire à une distance supérieure au seuil de distance), les bobines respectives 90, 100 sont considérées comme des ensembles comprenant des nombres respectifs N1 et N2 des spires de courant confondues de centres respectifs C1 et C2 correspondant aux centres respectifs des bobines 90, 100.At a great distance from the coils (that is to say at a distance greater than the distance threshold), the respective coils 90, 100 are considered as sets comprising respective numbers N1 and N2 current turns coincident of respective centers C1 and C2 corresponding to the respective centers of the coils 90, 100.

Le premier champ magnétique B1 généré par la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90 en un point P situé sur son axe est proportionnel à i1*N1*S1/D13 où i1 est le courant circulant dans la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90, N1 est le nombre de spires de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90, S1 est la surface délimitée par spires de l'enroulement constituant la bobine de blocage/déblocage et D1 est la distance séparant le point de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.The first magnetic field B1 generated by the locking / unlocking coil 90 at a point P located on its axis is proportional to i1 * N1 * S1 / D1 3 where i1 is the current flowing in the locking / unlocking coil 90, N1 is the number of turns of the locking / unlocking coil 90, S1 is the area delimited by turns of the winding constituting the locking / unlocking coil and D1 is the distance between the point of the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Le deuxième champ magnétique B2 généré par la bobine de contre-réaction en un point de son axe est proportionnel à i2*N2*S2/D23 où i2 est le courant circulant dans la bobine de f contre-réaction, N2 est le nombre de spires de la bobine de contre-réaction, S2 est la surface délimitée par les spires de l'enroulement constituant la bobine de contre-réaction et D2 est la distance séparant le point P de la bobine de contre-réaction 100.The second magnetic field B2 generated by the feedback coil at a point on its axis is proportional to i2 * N2 * S2 / D2 3 where i2 is the current flowing in the feedback coil, N2 is the number of turns of the feedback coil, S2 is the area delimited by the turns of the winding constituting the feedback coil and D2 is the distance between the point P of the feedback coil 100.

En dehors du voisinage du treuil 1, les distances D1 et D2 sont considérées comme étant sensiblement égales.Outside the vicinity of the winch 1, the distances D1 and D2 are considered to be substantially equal.

Avantageusement, comme représenté sur la figure 5, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est montée en série avec la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90. De cette manière le courant circulant dans les deux bobines 90, 100 est le même. Cela permet de faciliter le dimensionnement du dispositif. Les bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre- réaction sont représentées par des inductances de première valeur L1 et respectivement de deuxième valeur L2 associées à une première résistance R1 et respectivement à une deuxième résistance R2.Advantageously, as shown on the figure 5 , the feedback coil 100 is connected in series with the lock / release coil 90. In this way the current flowing in the two coils 90, 100 is the same. This makes it easier to dimension the device. The blocking / unblocking and feedback coils are represented by inductances of first value L1 and second value L2, respectively, associated with a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, respectively.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est dimensionnée et agencée de façon que l'intensité du champ magnétique généré par le dispositif en un point situé sur l'axe des bobines est inférieure à une première intensité prédéterminée lorsque les bobines sont alimentées par un courant prédéterminé supérieur à zéro et garantissant la libération du tambour en rotation.Advantageously, the feedback coil 100 is sized and arranged so that the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the device at a point on the axis of the coils is less than a first predetermined intensity when the coils are powered by a predetermined current greater than zero and ensuring the release of the rotating drum.

Pour compenser au moins partiellement le premier champ magnétique B1 au point P, il suffit de jouer sur le deuxième nombre de tours et sur la deuxième surface de spire.To at least partially compensate for the first magnetic field B1 at the point P, it suffices to play on the second number of turns and on the second turn surface.

La bobine de blocage/déblocage est avantageusement dimensionnée de manière que le produit N1*S1 soit sensiblement égal au produit N2*S2. Ce dimensionnement permet d'obtenir un bon compromis entre le taux de compensation effectif du champ magnétique et la facilité du dimensionnement.The locking / unlocking coil is advantageously dimensioned so that the product N1 * S1 is substantially equal to the product N2 * S2. This dimensioning makes it possible to obtain a good compromise between the effective compensation rate of the magnetic field and the ease of design.

En pratique, pour dimensionner la bobine, on choisit une bobine de contre-réaction 100 de surface (ou rayon) prédéterminée et on l'installe sur le treuil 1. On se place en un point P prédéterminé situé à grande distance des bobines sur l'axe des bobines puis on fait varier le nombre de tours de l'enroulement constituant la bobine de contre-réaction jusqu'à ce que le module du champ magnétique mesuré au point considéré soit inférieur à un premier seuil prédéterminé pour un courant prédéterminé circulant dans la bobine de blocage/déblocage. Les produits N1*S1 et N2*S2 ne sont alors pas égaux mais sensiblement égaux du fait des perturbations extérieures notamment dues aux éventuels autres composants constituant l'électroaimant (présence de matériaux magnétiques à l'intérieur de la bobine (effet de noyau)) et dues au fait que le centre des bobines est distant sur l'axe x2 et du fait que le premier seuil peut être non nul. Par sensiblement égal on entend que N1*S1 et N2*S2 sont égaux à un pourcentage près compris entre 5 et 10%.In practice, in order to size the coil, a counter-reaction coil 100 of predetermined surface (or radius) is selected and it is installed on the winch 1. It is placed at a predetermined point P located at a great distance from the coils on the coil. the axis of the coils and then the number of turns of the winding constituting the feedback coil is varied until the modulus of the magnetic field measured at the point in question is less than one first predetermined threshold for a predetermined current flowing in the locking / unlocking coil. The products N1 * S1 and N2 * S2 are then not equal but substantially equal because of the external disturbances notably due to the possible other components constituting the electromagnet (presence of magnetic materials inside the coil (core effect)) and due to the fact that the center of the coils is distant on the x2 axis and because the first threshold may be non-zero. By substantially equal is meant that N1 * S1 and N2 * S2 are equal to a percentage between 5 and 10%.

En variante, comme visible sur la figure 6, la bobine de contre réaction 100 est montée en parallèle avec la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90.Alternatively, as visible on the figure 6 , the feedback coil 100 is connected in parallel with the locking / unlocking coil 90.

Avantageusement, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est agencée et dimensionnée de façon à ne pas perturber le fonctionnement des moyens de blocage/déblocage. Autrement dit, la position de la bobine de contre-réaction est choisie de manière que lorsqu'elle est alimentée électriquement avec le courant prédéterminé, le tambour ne subisse pas d'effort de freinage.Advantageously, the feedback coil 100 is arranged and dimensioned so as not to disturb the operation of the locking / unlocking means. In other words, the position of the feedback coil is chosen so that when it is electrically powered with the predetermined current, the drum does not undergo braking force.

Pour ce faire, la bobine de contre-réaction 100 est avantageusement disposée à distance des moyens de blocage/déblocage 9, c'est-à-dire que les extrémités de bobines de contre-réaction et de freinage qui se font face sont espacées selon l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90. Avantageusement, la distance séparent les bobines est supérieure à un deuxième seuil prédéterminé compris entre 5 fois et 50 fois la distance séparant la bobine de blocage/déblocage 90 et l'élément magnétique 91. Par distance séparant les deux bobines on appelle la distance séparant les extrémités adjacentes (c'est-à-dire qui se font face) de leurs enroulements respectifs, parallèlement aux axes des bobines. Ce mode de réalisation est visible sur la figure 2, la bobine de blocage/déblocage 100 enroule le moteur 7 et pas les moyens de blocage/déblocage 9.For this purpose, the feedback coil 100 is advantageously arranged at a distance from the locking / unlocking means 9, that is to say that the ends of the counter-reaction and braking coils facing each other are spaced according to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil 90. Advantageously, the distance between the coils is greater than a second predetermined threshold between 5 times and 50 times the distance separating the locking / unlocking coil 90 and the magnetic element 91. By distance separating the two coils is called the distance separating the adjacent (that is to say facing) ends of their respective windings, parallel to the axes of the coils. This embodiment is visible on the figure 2 , the locking / unlocking coil 100 winds the motor 7 and not the locking / unlocking means 9.

Avantageusement, la section du fil conducteur constituant l'enroulement de la bobine de contre-réaction 100, sa longueur et son matériau sont choisis de façon que la résistance de la bobine de contre-réaction soit au moins 10 fois inférieure à la résistance de la bobine de blocage/déblocage. Cela permet de ne pas réduire significativement le courant que le générateur fait parcourir dans la première bobine.Advantageously, the section of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the feedback coil 100, its length and its material are chosen so that the resistance of the feedback coil is at least 10 times smaller than the resistance of the feedback coil. locking / unlocking coil. This makes it possible not to significantly reduce the current that the generator makes travel in the first coil.

La résistance de la bobine de blocage/déblocage est donnée par la formule suivante R1 = ρ1*l1/ s1 où s1 est la section du câble au moyen duquel elle est réalisée, p1 est la conductivité du fil conducteur au moyen duquel elle est réalisée et I1 est la longueur du fil conducteur au moyen duquel elle est réalisée. La résistance de la bobine de contre-réaction est donnée par la formule suivante R2 = ρ2*I2/s2 où s2 est la section du câble au moyen duquel elle est réalisée, p2 est la conductivité du fil conducteur au moyen duquel elle est réalisée et I2 est la longueur du fil conducteur au moyen duquel elle est réalisée.The resistance of the locking / unlocking coil is given by the following formula R1 = ρ1 * l1 / s1 where s1 is the section of the cable by which it is made, p1 is the conductivity of the conductor wire by means of which it is made and I1 is the length of the conductor wire by means of which it is made. The resistance of the feedback coil is given by the following formula R2 = ρ2 * I2 / s2 where s2 is the section of the cable by which it is made, p2 is the conductivity of the conductor wire by means of which it is made and I2 is the length of the conductive wire by means of which it is made.

Avantageusement, la section du fil conducteur constituant l'enroulement de la bobine de contre-réaction est supérieure à la section du fil conducteur constituant l'enroulement de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Advantageously, the section of the conductor wire constituting the winding of the feedback coil is greater than the section of the conductive wire constituting the winding of the locking / unlocking coil.

En cherchant à limiter la signature magnétique du dispositif de remorquage selon l'invention, on limite avantageusement le nombre d'éléments magnétiques qu'il comprend notamment pour réaliser le treuil 1.By seeking to limit the magnetic signature of the towing device according to the invention, it advantageously limits the number of magnetic elements it includes including to achieve the winch 1.

Or, il n'est pas possible de réaliser un treuil 1 dépourvu d'éléments magnétiques. Ainsi, lorsque les deux bobines 90, 100 génèrent des champs magnétiques, elles contribuent à magnétiser les éléments magnétiques du treuil. Cette magnétisation a tendance à se maintenir une fois que les bobines ne sont plus alimentées électriquement (phénomène d'hystérésis). Autrement dit, le treuil 1 va générer un troisième champ magnétique permanent, du fait de l'aimantation des éléments magnétiques du treuil sous l'effet des champs magnétiques créés par les bobines. Ce troisième champ magnétique est dit permanent car il existe de façon permanente, une fois que les bobines ont été alimentées une première fois par le générateur.However, it is not possible to make a winch 1 devoid of magnetic elements. Thus, when the two coils 90, 100 generate magnetic fields, they contribute to magnetize the magnetic elements of the winch. This magnetization tends to be maintained once the coils are no longer electrically powered (hysteresis phenomenon). In other words, the winch 1 will generate a third permanent magnetic field, due to the magnetization of the magnetic elements of the winch under the effect of the magnetic fields created by the coils. This third magnetic field is said to be permanent because it exists permanently, once the coils have been fed a first time by the generator.

Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend avantageusement des moyens 110 pour compenser au moins partiellement, en un point situé en dehors du voisinage du treuil, de préférence sur l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage, le champ magnétique généré par l'aimantation résiduelle permanente du treuil 1 issue de l'alimentation électrique des bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre-réaction avec un courant circulant dans la bobine de blocage/déblocage ayant permis de libérer le tambour sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.The device according to the invention advantageously comprises means 110 for compensating, at least partially, at a point located outside the vicinity of the winch, preferably on the axis of the locking / unlocking coil, the magnetic field generated by the magnetization. permanent residual winch 1 from the power supply of the blocking coils / unlocks and feedback with a current flowing in the locking coil / release allowing to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon.

Autrement dit, ces moyens sont dimensionnés et agencés de façon que l'intensité du champ magnétique générateur par le treuil 1 en dehors du voisinage du treuil, de préférence sur l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage, lorsque les bobines 90, 100 ne sont pas alimentées électriquement par le générateur 11, soit inférieur à un deuxième seuil de champ magnétique prédéterminé (par exemple de l'ordre de 5 à 10% de l'intensité du champ magnétique créé par la bobine du de blocage/déblocage seule) après que le générateur 11 ait alimenté la bobine de blocage/déblocage avec un courant ayant permis de libérer le tambour en rotation 6 sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.In other words, these means are sized and arranged so that the intensity of the generator magnetic field by the winch 1 outside the near the winch, preferably on the axis of the locking / unlocking coil, when the coils 90, 100 are not electrically powered by the generator 11, is less than a second predetermined magnetic field threshold (for example of the 5 to 10% of the intensity of the magnetic field created by the coil of the blocking / unlocking only) after the generator 11 has supplied the locking / unlocking coil with a current that has released the rotating drum 6 without exercise braking torque on it.

Sur la réalisation de la figure 2, ces moyens de compensation comprennent un aimant permanent 110 positionné de façon à présenter un axe nord-sud parallèle à l'axe de bobines et présentant un plan de symétrie passant par l'axe des bobines x1. Cet aimant permanent présente par exemple une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe des bobines. Cet aimant permanent est solidaire du châssis 5. Il est, sur la réalisation de la figure 5, contigu, selon l'axe x, aux moyens de blocage/déblocage 9.On the realization of the figure 2 these compensation means comprise a permanent magnet 110 positioned to have a north-south axis parallel to the axis of coils and having a plane of symmetry passing through the axis of the coils x1. This permanent magnet has for example a symmetry of revolution around the axis of the coils. This permanent magnet is integral with the frame 5. It is, on the realization of the figure 5 contiguous, along the x axis, to the locking / unlocking means 9.

En variante, ces moyens comprennent un ensemble d'aimantation permanente comprenant au moins un aimant permanent, possiblement plusieurs, dont le nombre et les positions respectives sont déterminées pour compenser au moins partiellement en un point situé en dehors du voisinage du treuil, le champ magnétique généré par l'aimantation résiduelle permanente du treuil 1 issue de l'alimentation électrique des bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre-réaction de façon à libérer le tambour sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.. Ils présentent de préférence des axes nord-sud parallèles à l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage, et, par exemple, un plan de symétrie passant par l'axe de la bobine de blocage/déblocage.Alternatively, these means comprise a permanent magnetization assembly comprising at least one permanent magnet, possibly several, the number and the respective positions are determined to compensate at least partially at a point outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch 1 resulting from the power supply of the locking / unlocking and feedback coils so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque thereon. north-south axes parallel to the axis of the locking / unlocking coil, and, for example, a plane of symmetry passing through the axis of the locking / unlocking coil.

En variante, ces moyens comprennent une troisième bobine montée pour être alimentée en permanence par un générateur supplémentaire apte à générer un courant continu, le dimensionnement et l'agencement de la troisième bobine étant déterminés de façon à compenser au moins partiellement en un point situé en dehors du voisinage du treuil, le champ magnétique généré par l'aimantation résiduelle permanente du treuil 1 issue de l'alimentation électrique des bobines de blocage/déblocage et de contre-réaction de façon à libérer le tambour sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.In a variant, these means comprise a third coil mounted to be continuously supplied by an additional generator capable of generating a direct current, the dimensioning and the arrangement of the third coil being determined so as to compensate at least partially at a point situated in outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetization of the winch 1 resulting from the power supply of the locking / unlocking and feedback coils so as to release the drum without exerting a braking torque on the -this.

Avantageusement la troisième bobine est coaxiale avec les première et deuxième bobines.Advantageously, the third coil is coaxial with the first and second coils.

Etant donné que l'aimantation permanente résiduelle des éléments du treuil n'est pas connue par avance. On réalise ce dimensionnement et ce positionnement empiriquement, par exemple, en mesurant le champ magnétique résiduel généré par le treuil lorsque les bobines ne sont pas alimentées électriquement, après que le générateur 11 ait alimenté la bobine de blocage/déblocage avec un courant ayant permis de libérer le tambour en rotation 6 sans exercer de couple de freinage sur celui-ci.Since the permanent permanent magnetization of the elements of the winch is not known in advance. This dimensioning and positioning is carried out empirically, for example, by measuring the residual magnetic field generated by the winch when the coils are not energized electrically, after the generator 11 has supplied the blocking / unlocking coil with a current having allowed release the rotating drum 6 without exerting a braking torque thereon.

Le dispositif comprend uniquement le treuil et les moyens de compensation tels que décrits précédemment. Il peut également comprendre le câble de remorquage et le dispositif de guerre des mines.The device comprises only the winch and the compensation means as described above. It may also include the tow rope and the mine warfare device.

L'invention a également pour objet un équipement de guerre des mines comprenant un navire de guerre des mines à bord duquel est embarqué un dispositif selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a mine warfare equipment including a minesweeping ship on which is embarked a device according to the invention.

Claims (17)

  1. A device for winding and unwinding a cable comprising a winch (1) comprising a chassis (5), drive means and a drum (6), the drive means comprising an electric motor (7) for rotating the drum (6) relative to the chassis (5), means (9) for rotationally locking/releasing the drum (6) relative to the chassis (5) to allow the drum to be rotationally immobilised and released relative to the chassis (5), the locking/releasing means (9) comprising a first induction coil (90), called locking/releasing coil, the locking/releasing means being configured so as to immobilise the drum (6) relative to the chassis (5) when the locking/releasing coil (90) is not electrically powered, characterised in that the device further comprises a second induction coil (100), called counter-reaction coil, the counter-reaction coil (100) being electrically powered, dimensioned and arranged so that the magnetic field generated by the assembly formed by the locking (90) and counter-reaction (100) coils, when the locking/releasing coil is electrically powered, is less than the magnetic field generated by the locking/releasing coil (90) at a point located at a predetermined distance from the winch (1), the energising and de-energising of the power supply of the counter-reaction coil being synchronised with the energising and, respectively, de-energising of the power supply of the locking/releasing coil (90).
  2. The device according to the preceding claim, wherein the counter-reaction coil (100) and the locking/releasing coil (90) are powered by the same generator (11).
  3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the counter-reaction coil (100) is mounted in series with the locking/releasing coil (90).
  4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the product N1*S1 is substantially equal to the product N2*S2, where N1 is the number of turns of the locking/releasing coil (90), N2 is the number of turns of the counter-reaction coil (100), S1 is the surface of the turns of the locking/releasing coil (90) and S2 is the surface of the turns of the counter-reaction coil (100).
  5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the counter-reaction coil is electrically powered by a second generator, the device comprising means for synchronising the energising and de-energising of the power supply of the counter-reaction coil with the energising and, respectively, de-energising of the power supply of the locking/releasing coil (90).
  6. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the counter-reaction coil (100) is arranged so that the first current circulating in the locking/releasing coil (90) and the second current circulating in the counter-reaction coil (100) circulate in opposite directions.
  7. The device according to the preceding claim, wherein the locking/releasing (90) and counter-reaction (100) coils are coaxial.
  8. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the counter-reaction coil (100) is dimensioned and arranged so as not to disrupt the operation of the locking/releasing means.
  9. The device according to the preceding claim, wherein the counter-reaction (100) and braking (90) coils are spaced apart along the axis of the locking/releasing coil (90).
  10. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the section of the conducting wire forming the winding of the counter-reaction coil (100), its length and the material from which it is produced are selected so that the resistance of the counter-reaction coil (100) is at least 10 times less than the resistance of the locking/releasing coil (90).
  11. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for at least partially compensating, at a point located outside the vicinity of the winch, the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetisation of the winch (1) that originates from electrically powering the locking/releasing (90) and counter-reaction (100) coils, so as to release the drum without exerting any braking torque thereon.
  12. The device according to the preceding claim, wherein the means for at least partially compensating the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetisation of the winch (1) comprise a permanent magnetisation assembly comprising at least one permanent magnet.
  13. The device according to the preceding claim, comprising at least one permanent magnet (110) having a north-south axis parallel to the axis of the locking/releasing coil.
  14. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, comprising a third coil mounted in order to be permanently powered by an additional generator capable of generating a direct current, the dimensioning and the arrangement of the third coil being determined so as to at least partially compensate, at a point located outside the vicinity of the winch (1), the magnetic field generated by the permanent residual magnetisation of the winch (1) that originates from electrically powering the locking (90) and counter-reaction (100) coils, so as to release the drum without exerting any braking torque thereon.
  15. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, intended to be installed on a mine warfare ship.
  16. The device according to the preceding claim, comprising the tow cable and a mine warfare device comprising a sonar or a device for simulating a magnetic and/or acoustic signature of a ship, the mine warfare device being intended to be towed by the ship by means of the cable.
  17. Mine warfare equipment comprising a mine warfare ship having a device according to any one of the preceding claims on board, the device further comprising the tow cable and a mine warfare device such as a sonar or a device for simulating the magnetic and/or acoustic signature.
EP13766053.6A 2012-10-18 2013-09-23 Device for winding and unwinding a cable around a drum Active EP2909083B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1202786A FR2997063B1 (en) 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 DEVICE FOR WINDING AND DEROUTING A CABLE AROUND A DRUM
PCT/EP2013/069675 WO2014060185A1 (en) 2012-10-18 2013-09-23 Device for winding and unwinding a cable around a drum

Publications (2)

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EP2909083A1 EP2909083A1 (en) 2015-08-26
EP2909083B1 true EP2909083B1 (en) 2018-07-25

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US (1) US10023280B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2909083B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6162248B2 (en)
FR (1) FR2997063B1 (en)
IN (1) IN2015DN03247A (en)
SG (1) SG11201503037TA (en)
WO (1) WO2014060185A1 (en)

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US10977968B2 (en) * 2016-10-12 2021-04-13 Patrick V. Cleeves Apparatus and methods for displaying and storing a banner or advertisement on a horizontal wind turbine

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2695086A (en) * 1949-05-10 1954-11-23 Columbus Mckinnon Chain Corp Variable speed hoist

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE977801C (en) 1962-05-19 1970-07-09 Bundesrep Deutschland Equipment on devices for clearing magnetic remote ignition mines by means of power-fed solenoids, so-called hollow rod devices
EP0364126A1 (en) * 1988-10-13 1990-04-18 The Marconi Company Limited Magnetic signature simulation apparatus
FR2666559B1 (en) * 1990-09-11 1995-07-21 Thomson Csf MAGNETIC DREDGING SYSTEM.
US6798632B1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2004-09-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Power frequency electromagnetic field compensation system
AU2002953407A0 (en) * 2002-12-18 2003-01-09 Commonwealth Of Australia Mine sweeping device
JP4527778B2 (en) * 2005-08-01 2010-08-18 日立建機株式会社 Construction machinery drum rotating device
JP5579111B2 (en) * 2011-03-24 2014-08-27 株式会社キトー Hoisting machine with non-excitation brake
US9389281B2 (en) * 2013-03-21 2016-07-12 Vale S.A. Magnetic compensation circuit and method for compensating the output of a magnetic sensor, responding to changes in a first magnetic field

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2695086A (en) * 1949-05-10 1954-11-23 Columbus Mckinnon Chain Corp Variable speed hoist

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FR2997063A1 (en) 2014-04-25
WO2014060185A1 (en) 2014-04-24
JP6162248B2 (en) 2017-07-12
US10023280B2 (en) 2018-07-17
EP2909083A1 (en) 2015-08-26
JP2016500599A (en) 2016-01-14
SG11201503037TA (en) 2015-06-29
US20160167754A1 (en) 2016-06-16
IN2015DN03247A (en) 2015-10-02
FR2997063B1 (en) 2014-10-31

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