EP2906759A1

EP2906759A1 - System for fire protection of buildings

Info

Publication number: EP2906759A1
Application number: EP13779135.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hans-Dieter Middendorf; Stefan Schworm
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Priority date: 2012-10-12
Filing date: 2013-10-11
Publication date: 2015-08-19
Also published as: SA515360272B1; RU2645063C2; WO2014056621A1; RU2015115686A

Abstract

In a system for fire protection of buildings whose exterior walls are at least partially coated with insulation plates made from flammable thermal plastic insulation material, in particular hard foam plates made from polystyrene, polyurethane and similar which are attached to a building wall through gluing and/or anchoring, wherein the covering is interrupted through at least one preferably continuous or circumferential layer of flame bars and/or includes a flame bar above each opening, wherein the flame bars are formed from materials that are non-combustible and/or remain form stable under heat impact and form a barrier between an upper and a lower layer of the insulation plates (4 - 6) against flame propagation in case of a fire, wherein the insulation plates made from thermoplastic insulation material are arranged above and/or below the flame bars, extends the face (9) of the flame bar (3) oriented towards the above layer of insulation plates (5) perpendicular to the front side (8') of the flame bar (3) and/or has a slanted surface (9) which is sloped downward towards an ou er building wall (1), and wherein the face (9, 9') is coated with a flame retardant agent.

Description

SYSTEM FOR FIRE PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS

The invention relates to a heat insulating outer covering for buildings including flammable or combustible insulation plates, in particular insulation plates made from thermoplastic insulation materials like polystyrene which are attached to a building wall, in particular according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Heat insulating coverings of this type are known. Problems associated with using materials that are "flammable", this means only start to burn under direct flame impact or "combustible" materials, this means materials burning by themselves under respective temperature have caused mandatory standards like the model building regulation or state building codes, which implement the model building regulation in Germany to require "flame-resistant" materials starting at a building height of 7 m up to a building height of 22 m (building classes 4 and 5) for the flammability properties of said systems. In order to comply with this flame resistant requirement typically flame bars made from a noncombustible material are introduced into the insulating layer in certain arrangements and/or at certain distances. In practical applications, typically in particular continuous or circumferential layers made from flame bars are being used and applying flame bars above each opening in the facade, this means doors, windows, etc., are known in the art. For an arrangement above the openings a flame bar is also designated an architrave safety. A preferred material for flame bars or architrave safeties of this type is mineral wool, in particular rock wool, besides that also flame bars made from a material that remains form stable under heat impact like PUR, coated phenolic resin foam or PIR are known. In an exemplary manner reference is made to DE 25 51 121 or DE 20 2008 001 750 U1 .

After applying a render layer which typically includes a render carrier with a render base and outer render, typically using adhesion enhancers, the flame bars form a noncombustible blocking layer between the building wall and the render. Thus, the insulation layer made from flammable or combustible insulating plates is divided into particular sections in vertical direction and flame propagation is effectively impeded. The entire system including the insulation layer, optionally flame bar and applied render, is designated as (external) thermalinsulationcompositesystem (ETICs).

Detailed technical information which also has been included into the modelbuilding regulation or the state building codes can be derived from the technical system information 6 "WDV-SystemezumThemaBrandschutz" by the trade association Waermedaemm-Verbundsystemee.V. Thermal insulation composite systems have to be certified and the system vendor also has to prove compliance with particular fire protection requirements for the entire system besides additional system properties. The granted certifications for various system providers show that noncombustible flame bars fulfill the

requirements when the render covered facade is exposed to fire and delay or prevent a propagation of the fire.

From the utility model DE 20 2005 000 129 a flame bar is known that is completely embedded in a polystyrene hard foam plate, in particular embedded therein through foaming. A face of the embedded flame bar is inclined relative to the building wall so that a collection basin for melted insulation material is formed in case of a fire. This system has not been successful in practical applications because it is too expensive and in particular the fire protection is insufficient since in case of a fire molten material of the foam plate flows in downward direction of the front side and can ignite the insulation plates that are arranged below the flame bar.

In practical applications on construction sites typically the insulating covering with the flame bars is initially applied over an entire surface of the building wall and attached thereto, for example through gluing and/or anchoring. Subsequently the render is applied separately by a render team. Between insulating the building wall and render covering a time period of several days or weeks can go by. In this time period the flammable or combustible insulation plates are not covered but are left open.

When a fire occurs at an open covering of this type the fire can propagate rather easily from one section into another section arranged there above. In this case the flame bar can be skipped on the front side since the render is not applied yet.

In view of this problem it is an object of the invention to provide a system that reduces flame propagation at an open covering that is not yet covered with render and made from combustible or inflammable material, wherein the system can be produced and attached in a simple manner.

The object is achieved with a system with the features of patent claim 1. Preferred embodiments are objects of the dependent claims 2 to 17. An advantageous method and an advantageous flame bar can be derived from the claims 18 and 19.

The invention is based on the idea that several factors are relevant for effective fire protection of a building fagade formed from insulating plates in particular made from thermoplastic insulating materials before applying the render. On the one hand there is a safety in the sense of a retaining- and collection function for a melt formed on the fire impact from the insulation material plates in order to prevent a flow of the melt over the flame bars in downward direction as far as possible and on the other hand to prevent a wicking through suitable measures, wherein the wicking can be generated when the melt penetrates the flame bar. This is achieved according to the invention in that either the upper face of the flame bar extends horizontal, this means perpendicular to the front side of the flame bar and/or this face is provided with a slanted surface which is sloped downward towards the building wall. The horizontal face of the flame bar provides a sufficient retaining function for the melt accumulation since it is of particular importance in case of a fire to delay the propagation of the fire, in particular to retain the melt at the flame bar as long as possible until the fire brigade is on site and can take suitable measures to restrain or extinguish the fire. For this purpose also a slanted surface is suitable, either in conjunction with the face of the flame bar extending perpendicular to the front side or as an alternative thereto, wherein a collection chamber is formed through the slanted surface that is inclined in the direction of the building wall in which collection chamber the melt from the insulation material plates arranged there above can be captured in case of a fire. This safety effect through a retaining function is also reinforced in that the upper face of the flame bar which is oriented towards the insulation plate layer arranged there above is suitably coated with a flame retardant agent. Applying a layer made from a flame retardant agent advantageously counteracts the wick effect and can contribute to a gradual extinguishing of the fire depending on its strength. Thus it is also particularly advantageous to simultaneously coat the front side of the flame bar with a flame retardant agent, in particular with a respective layer, since this reduces the wicking and prevents a flame effect towards the interior of the flame bar and also a suction effect. All three factors combined are particularly suitable for a precautionary fire protection measure before applying the render and provide a suitable safety of facades of this type.

These are effective measures in view of the fact that buildings are built in process steps and this means the insulating plates for the facade covering are applied before the insulating plates are overall render covered in a subsequent process step which typically is only performed for large buildings after a couple of days or even weeks. Within this time period according to conventional fire protection measures the therefor provided flame bars would not effectively prevent fire propagation. Thus, the invention provides a substantial safety effect.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the horizontal that means rectangular configuration of the face extends to the forward surface or the slanted surface over the entire face of the flame bar, this means from the building wall to the outer surface wall of the cladding.

In an advantageous embodiment the slanted surface is only provided over a partial thickness of the flame bar and in particular runs out at the upper and/or lower end through a shoulder into the lateral surfaces of the flame bar. Thus, one or plural locatingsurfaces or contact areas for insulation plates arranged there above are advantageously formed.

Advantageously the flame bars are formed from mineral wool, wherein raw densities of 60 kg/m³ - 160 kg/m³ are preferred. A rock wool with a melting point greater than 1000° C according to DIN 4102-17 is particular preferably provided as a mineral wool.

Non-flammable layers or flame resistant layers, respectively, coatings are suitable materials. Besides mortar, in particular flame retardant mortar, flame retardant paint or coatings including silica likesodium silica or silica sol, optionally mixed with inorganic fillers, in particular flame retardant glue are particularly suitable.

The coating is preferably formed by a layer of a non-flammable or flame resistant pre-fabricated material which is consequently applied as a layer per se to the face of the flame bar and optionally also to its front side. In so far, the term "coating" is to be understood broad and also comprises finished layers, respectively, pre-fabricated layers. Advantageously, the layer is connected fully or partially with the flame bar. For this in particular, an adhesive bond is suitable, preferably by use of a flame resistant organic or inorganic glue. In particular in the case where the layer is formed by a sheet metal or a metal foil, a form-locked connection can additionally or alternatively be achieved besides the adhesive connection. Suitable for that is in particular one or more cant off part(s) of the sheet metal or metal foil, whereby the cant off part or the cant off parts can engage a pre-fabricated groove at the flame bar in a clip-type manner or, which is preferred, the attachment of the sheet metal or the metal foil takes place directly by hooking the cant off part or the cant off parts into the flame bar, that is directly into the material of the flame bar in the manner of a claw-like engagement.

In a particularly advantageous manner the coating covers the entire surface, thus the entire face and/or front side of the flame bar, wherein a closed layer is preferred. These measures have a positive effect in that a possible penetration of the melt into the porous flame bar is prevented which could otherwise lead to a wicking in case of a fire.

It is advantageous for the collection function of the flame bar that the face is configured at an angle < 70° preferably in a range from 30 - 60 ° and particularly preferably an angle of 40 - 50°.

The applied quantityis advantageously sized so that a closed layer is generated. The minimum application quantityfor forming a closed layer depends from plural factors, among others from the fiber orientation in the surface to be coated, from the raw density of the flame bar and from the coating material. An advantageous and sufficient closure of the layer is provided when the length referenced flow resistivity at a sample element with 100 mm length cut from a coated flame bar according to DIN EN 29053 with a cured coating applied on one side is at least 1.5 times, preferably 2.5 times, particularly preferably at least 4 times the length referenced flow resistivity of the uncoated flame bar, wherein the uncoated flame bar in case of a partial coating can be formed from a uncoated portion of the flame bar or in case of a fully coated flame protection bar from a coated sample element through separating the exterior coating with a suitable removal height, for example 10 mm, for removing the coating without residual.

In an advantageous embodiment the insulation plates adjoining the flame bar are configured at their bottom sides so that they are adapted to a top side of the flame bars, thus also configured complimentary to the outlet direction, in particular configured with a respective slanted surface that is provided with shoulders on one side or both sides as required, optionally with intermediary shoulders.

In another advantageous alternative embodiment spandrelelements are provided which are adjacent to an upper face of the flame bar and are used as bridge elements between a flame bar and insulation plates arranged directly above. Thus, furthermore conventional insulating plates can be used and thus with a plate shaped cuboid structure which do not have to be configured according to the flame bars. A spandrelelement of this type is advantageously configured from the material of the insulation plate. This has the advantage that the conventional insulation plate when it adjoins the flame bar does not have to be configured according to the flame bar or according to the upper face of the flame bar. The spandrelelements advantageously supplement the flame bar to form a cuboid, so that regular cuboid shaped insulation plates can be used adjacent thereto and above. It is also feasible in particular to assemble the flame bars with the spandrelelement at the factory, for example to glue them together, so that a cuboid shaped component can be advantageously used at the construction site. Eventually the invention provides a flame bar configured according to at least one of the claims 1 through 17 which facilitates a suitable retaining function for the melt.

Thus, the invention claims a system for fire protection including flame bars, a method for mounting a respective insulation, a fagade covering with insulation material plates using flame bars of this type and it also claims a flame bar by itself.

Subsequently embodiments of the invention are schematically illustrated with a drawing figure, wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates a vertical partial sectional view of a fagade claddingfor fire protection at a building wall with a flame bar;

FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a flame bar according to the invention; and

FIGs. 3-16 illustrate additional alternative embodiments in a vertical sectional view and a perspective view of a flame bar;

FIG: 17 illustrates an embodiment of a flame bar with a layer of a metal sheet.

In one embodiment according to FIG. 1 the building wall is designated with the reference numeral 1 and the fagade claddingof the building wall is designated with reference numeral 2, wherein the building wall is configured for fire protection. For this purpose circumferential layers of flame bars are provided for standalone buildings, wherein the layers can be provided in plural offset layers as a function of the building height. In buildings which are established in a gap between two other buildings respective continuous layers of flame bars are provided in the fagade insulation. FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment with a flame bar 3 which interrupts the insulation layer including insulating plates and prevents fire propagation. In the illustrated embodiment the fagade cladding2 is formed from hard foam plates made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) which are attached to building wall 1 in a typical manner, thus through gluing and/or anchoring. According to FIG. 1 the flame bar 3 is arranged between a lower insulation plate 4 made from EPS and an upper insulation plate 5 made from EPS, wherein another insulation plate 6 is visible above the insulation plate 5. The insulation plates including the flame bar 3 are placed flush on top of one another without forming gaps between the insulation plates. Also the flame bar 3 is attached in the usual manner to the facade wall 1 , thus by gluing and/or anchoring or nailing or similar.

In the illustrated embodiment the flame bar 3 is formed from mineral wool and configured with a retention- or collection device that is overall designated as 7 so that the molten insulation material is retained, captured or collected at least for a suitable period of time so that a flow away from the building wall 1 in outward direction to the outer surface 8' of the flame bar 3 in case of a fire and dripping off from there in downward direction is prevented, thus when the upper insulation plates 5 and 6 are on fire. Through this measure of controlled retaining and capturing the insulation material melt under fire impact, fire propagation is effectively mitigated by the flame bars 3 also without any applied render, thus in an intermediary condition of the insulated building. In the embodiment according to FIGs. 1 and 2 the device 7 is formed by a slanted surface 9 which extends from the top down at a slant angle in an inward direction towards the building wall 1. This is advantageous for the collection and capture function and the core idea that the deflection device causes molten insulation material to be retained and collected as long as possible at the upper face of the flame bar. In the illustrated embodiment the angle a of the slanted surface 9 relative to horizontal is 45°. The steeper the angle of the slanted surface 9, the larger the capture basin for the melt, the greater the slant angle the more acute becomes the flame bar 3 which can cause a risk of getting damaged during transportation or storage of the flame bars at acute edges of the flame bars. Therefore the angle range for the slanted surfaces 9 is preferably between 30° - 50°.

FIG. 1 also illustrates a second alternative embodiment of a flame bar in which the upper face extends perpendicular to the front surface or outer surface 8 as

designated by the reference numeral 9'. Thus the flame bar 3 gets a cuboid configuration.

For both alternatives it is particularly of advantage for flame retardancy that at least the upper face 9, 9', advantageously also the front side 8' are coated in a suitable manner, thus with a flame retardant agent. For this purpose in particular flame retardant mortar or a flame retardant paint are particularly suitable, wherein classic flame retardantagents can be used. For example inorganic silica coating

compounds based on sodium silica or silica sol possibly with filling compounds and as stated supra, flame retardant mortars or flame retard a ntpaints.

Further, a layer made of pre-fabricated material is in particular suitable, in particular made of non-woven fabric (German: Vlies), woven fabric (German: Gewebe), mat (German: Gelege), metal sheet, metal foil or a plate made of an inorganic material. In particular, a non-woven glass fibre fabric (German: Glasfaservlies) is suitable as non-woven fabric, particularly preferred are coated non-woven glass fabrics

(German: beschichteteGlasvliese). Glass fabric is in particular suitable as a woven fabric. As a mat such matsare in particular suitable as used for reinforcement for fibre composites, in particular mats made of fibrerovings. Particularly preferred are fibrerovings based on mineral fibres, respectively, made of E-glass. Such suitable non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics and mats are as such known and are broadly in their entirety applicable if they are non-flammable or flame resistant. In particular non-woven fabrics, mats and woven fabrics are known that are coated with a metal foil, whereby the metal foil is made conventionally of a aluminum material. Suitable are also metal sheets or metal foils, preferable made of stainless materials such as sheets of steel. Further suitable are plates made of an inorganic material, in particular plaster boards, plaster fibre boards or cement fibre boards. As long as those boards are non-flammable, respectively, flame resistant, they can comprise a portion of organic admixtures. The attachment of the layer at the flame bar is made in particular by an adhesive bond, in fact either over the entire surface or partial surface. In particular, a flame resistant organic or inorganic adhesive is suitable as adhesive.

A form-locked connection additionally or alternatively to an adhesive bond is suitable in the case of a metal sheet or a metal foil or another suitable pre-fabricated material. For that, the metal sheet or the metal foil or the pre-fabricated material can be provided with a cant off part, hook or similar, which engages a groove of the flame bar and therefore provides an anchorage or by which the metal sheet or the metal foil is directly hookable into the flame bar. This can be achieved unilaterally or bilaterally of the sheets or the foil, whereby the attachment is possible prior application of the flame bar or after application of the flame barat the wall. However, a packing of the flame bar with this layer is preferred according to factory-made execution. If required, the metal sheet can merely be laid on the flame bar. Figure 17 illustrates a flame bar 3 with an applied layer 30 made of a metal sheet which is arranged and attached over the entire surface of the face 9 of the flame bar 3. The metal sheet 30 has a cant off part 31 at an edge side that is formed in the form of a hook and can extend along the full length of the metal sheet or over partial sectors and serves, according to the illustration in figure 17, for the hooking of the metal sheet into the material of the flame bar 3, through which a form-fit connection of the metal sheet with the flame bar 3 is achieved. If required, such cant off part, respectively such cant off parts can also be provided at the opposite edge side of the metal sheet 30 at 32. The metal sheet 30 illustrated with constant drawn out line is connected with the flame bar 3 at its upper edge area by hooking. According to the dotted line

illustration, the metal sheet 30 can also extend over the entire front side or over a part of the front side andis thenhooked, with the lower cant off part 31 , , respectively, connected with the flame bar. Additionally to this form-fit connection or alternatively thereto, an adhesive connection, either over the entire surface or partial surface, with the flame bar is possible and suitable.

This coating, respectively, those layers prevent(s) a penetration of melt into the flame bar, so that a wicking is prevented. This is particularly advantageous for the function of the flame safety according to the invention before applying the render.

In the collection device 7 formed by the slanted surface 9 or the horizontal surface 9' which forms the upper face of the flame bar 3, an insulation plate 5 joins in the illustrated embodiment, wherein the lower face of the insulation plate is configured complementary to the upper face of the flame bar, thus for example with a respective slant angle. It extends like the slanted surface 9 of the flame bar 3 from the side oriented towards the housing wall 1 continuously to the outside of the insulation plate 5. According to FIG. 1 the lateral surface or the vertical sectional surface of the flame bar 3 are formed by a trapeze like the insulation plate 5 that is configured in a complimentary manner with respect to the lower face for a connection with a flame . bar 3, which certainly only applies for the alternative with the slanted surface. The mineral wool of the flame bar 3 has a raw density of 120 kg/m³ in the illustrated embodiment, wherein raw density values of 60-160 kg/m³ are being used.

Depending on the embodiment of the flame bar 3 the thickness of the flame bar, this is a dimension perpendicular to the housing wall 1 , is 100 to 400 mm and the height of the outer lateral surface 8 is 200 to 1000 mm without being limited thereto. The flame bar 3 can be formed by a lamella plate with a main orientation of the mineral fibers perpendicular to the housing wall or in a classical laminar configuration with a fiber orientation essentially parallel to the housing wall 1. The length of the flame bar that is evident from FIG. 2 corresponds to a typical length of such flame bars which are selected according to dimensions of the insulation plates used. In the illustrated embodiment the length of the flame bar is for example 625 mm, wherein dimensions up to 1200 mm are typical for such flame bars. During assembly the flame bars 3 are placed flush with their lateral surfaces thus with the lateral surface 12 to the adjacent flame bar 3 and thus form a continues layer which interrupts the layer made from insulating plates arranged on top of one another to form a barrier against flame propagation.

In the embodiments illustrated in FIGs. 3 seqq. for illustration purposes a distance between the flame bar 3 and the component arranged there above, thus the insulation plate 5 is illustrated in order to emphasize the face contours of the flame bar 3 and also of the component arranged there above, which is illustrated by double lines on both sides. In reality the upper component, thus the insulation plate 5, certainly rests on the flame bar 3 arranged thereunder.

The embodiment of FIGs. 3 and 4 differs from the preceding embodiment only in the configuration of the upper face 9. This in turn is formed by a slanted surface 9a which extends over a major portion of the flame bar 3 but is flattened at it is ends so that shoulders 14a and 4b are formed in the portion of both lateral surfaces of the flame bar 3, wherein the slanted surface 9a transitions through the shoulders into both opposite outer surfaces of the flame bar 3. In the illustrated embodiment the shoulders 14a and 14b extend perpendicular to the lateral surfaces of the flame bar 3 and thus the housing wall 1 . The thickness extension L (FIG. 4) of the shoulders is in a range between 10 to 20 mm, preferably 10 to 15 mm for a thickness d of the flame bar 3 in a range of 100 to 400 mm without these ranges being limitations.

The insulation plate 5 is configured in a complementary manner with respect to its lower face by which it contacts the flame bar 3 as clearly apparent in FIG. 3, thus it is also configured with a slanted surface 1 1a and with shoulders 15a and 15b. The angle a of the slanted surface is 30° in the illustrated embodiment.

In the embodiment of FIGs. 5 and 6 the retention- or collection device 7 of the flame bar 3 is formed by a slanted surface 9b which extends downward from the front side of the flame bar and which transitions into a shoulder 14b which is formed analogous to the shoulder 14b of the preceding embodiment.

The shoulder 14b like the two shoulders 14a and 14b of the embodiment according to FIGs. 3 and 4 is used as a locating surface or contact area for the hard foam element 5 arranged there above, which as clearly apparent from FIGs. 5 and 6 is configured as a complementary element to the face of the flame bar 3, thus also includes a respective slanted surface 1 1 b with a transitioning shoulder 15b. In the illustrated embodiment the angle a is 60° for the slanted surface 9b and the slanted surface 1 1 b. Also the thickness dimensions of the shoulders 14b and 15b are sized accordingly. The embodiment according to FIGs. 7 and 8 illustrates a device 7 in which the shoulder 14a is only provided at a lateral surface 17 of the flame bar 3, wherein the lateral surface is oriented towards the outside of the covering, wherein the deflection device is furthermore formed by a slanted surface 9c which extends to the housing wall of the flame bar. The angle a in this embodiment is approximately 45°. Also the insulation plate 5 applied from above is configured in a respective complementary manner at its lower face, thus it includes a shoulder 15a and a slanted surface 1 1 c.

In the embodiment according to FIGs. 9 and 10 the device 7 is configured analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 , thus by a complete slanted surface 9 which continues over the entire face, wherein the slanted surface 9 is illustrated in a exemplary manner with an angle a of 45°.

This embodiment according to FIGs. 9 and 10 differs from previous embodiments in that no insulation plates are required anymore that have to be configured according to the device 7 of the flame bar 3 in order to connect with the flame bar 3 on top, rather insulating plates can be used that have the normal cuboid plate structure, thus no particular finishing is required anymore for the connecting hard foam plates at the flame bar 3. This is achieved by using a spandrel element 20 which is formed like the material of the facade cladding 2, here EPS, , and which has triangular shape in a sectional view, wherein the face of the corner element 20 oriented towards the flame bar 3 is configured adapted to the device 7, thus with the respective slanted surface 21 which is configured analogously continuous over the thickness. The connection surface 22 of the spandrel element 20 extends in mounting position as apparent from FIG. 9 perpendicular to the housing wall 1 , so that typical insulation plates can join without a special configuration, thus the insulation plate 5.

Flame bars made from mineral wool are typically cut from a cuboid element with known techniques.

The embodiment according to FIG. 1 1 and 12 is similar to the preceding embodiment besides the fact that the device 7 is configured analogous to the embodiment according to FIGs. 3 and 4, wherein however the angle a is 45° herein. In this respect the device 7 is configured according to FIG. 1 1 with a slanted surface 9a and end shoulders 14a and 14b.

The spandrelelement 20 in turn is made from EPS and provided with a slanted surface 21 a at which however a contact shoulder 15b joins in the lower portion, whereas the slanted surface 21 a transitions with an acute angle in the upper portion into the upper face 22 of the corner element 20 as clearly apparent for the

spandrelelement 20 from FIG. 12. In assembled condition of the spandrel element 20 its upper tip 23 or upper edge 23 joins the shoulder 14a so that the upper face 22 of the spandrel element 20 and the shoulder 14a are flush with one another. Thus, the upper faces of the spandrel element 20 and of the flame bar 3 complement one another to form a cuboid on which the upper insulation plate 5 is then placed.

The embodiment according to FIGs. 13 and 14 is with respect to the configuration of the flame bar 3 and with respect to the collection device 7 similar to the embodiment according to FIGs. 5 and 6 which means that the device 7includes a slanted surface 9b and a contact shoulder 14b towards the backside 8 and in a mounted position the spandrel element 20 with its slanted surface 21 b contacts the slanted surface 9b so that the upper face 22 then forms a contactarea or locating surface for the upper insulation plate 5 made from Styrofoam. Both slanted surfaces are at an angle a of 45° in the illustrated embodiment.

The embodiment according to FIGs. 15 and 16 with respect to flame bar 3 is similar to the embodiment according to FIGs. 7 and 8, this means the device 7 is formed by a slanted surface 9c which extends to the outer surface 8 of the flame bar 3 and has a contact shoulder 14a in its upper portion. Accordingly also FIG. 16 illustrates the flame bar 3, wherein the spandrel element 20 has an accordingly configured triangular section and forms a cuboid together with a flame bar 8 in mounted condition, wherein the insulation material plate 5 is the placed onto the cuboid. The slanted surface 21 c is continuous with respect to the spandrel element 20, thus configured without a shoulder.

The embodiments according to FIGs. 9 through 16 are similar with respect to an additional arrangement of a spandrel element 20 which forms a cuboid together with a flame bar 3 so that insulation plates without particular configuration can be used for connecting to the flame bar 3.

As can be derived from the drawing figures the exposed front side 8' of the flame bar 3 is advantageously flush with the outer surface of the insulation plate which is advantageous for subsequentrender application. The flame protection measure therefore does not change the outer configuration provided by the insulation plates. Since the drawings are substantially schematic the comparatively thin coatings at the faces 9, 9' and at the front sides 8' of the flame bars are not illustrated in the figures 1 to 16, however, figure 17 illustrates an embodiment with an applied layer, here in particular of a metal sheet at the face and also at the front side.

In one embodiment flame bars ("BSR") with a lamella fiber structure on the render side, this means on a surface perpendicular to the preferred orientation of the fibers are coated with a flame retardant paint and a mortar. Furthermore flame bars with a laminar fiber structure on the render side, this means on a surface parallel to the preferred orientation of the fibers are completely coated with the flame retardant paint and the mortar. The flame retardant glue is a commercially available inorganic alkaloid liquid sodium silicate glue (protect BSK flame retardant glue, vendor Saint- Gobain ISOVER). The mortar is a commercially available ETICs- gluing and reinforcement mortar (weber.therm300, vendor Saint-Gobain Weber). The information is summarized in the subsequent Table 1. Table 1 : Technical data of the coated flame bars

Thickness of the

Fiber BSR Coating Applied Quantity Structure (before coating)

Fire Retardant

BSR 1 Lamellar 100 mm Glue 700 g/m²

BSR 2 Lamellar 100 mm Mortar 3800 g/m²

Fire Retardant

BSR 3 Laminar 100 mm Glue 1100 g/m²

BSR 4 Laminar 100 mm Mortar 4200 g/m²

The higher application volume in BSR 3 or BSR 4 compared to BSR 1 or BSR 2 results from the surface structure of the render side in the form of flight imprints which causes an additional material quantity of flame retardant paint due to an application method with a spatula until an optically closed surface is achieved.

From the flame bars BSR 1 through BSR 4 circular sample elements with a nominal diameter of 100 mm were cut with a punching device. In case the sample element was visibly damaged due to the stamping process with respect to its coating the sample element was discarded or used as a sample element blank for producing an uncoated reference element. For this purpose the coating of the sample element blanks was uniformly removed through cutting an approximately 10 mm thick layer off on the coating side, so that the uncoated reference samples have a height of 90 mm. For uncoated reference samples the actual thickness is not relevant through the length relationship of the flow resistivity. For the coated sample element the thickness of the sample element, essentially the thickness of the mineral wool element has to be simplified due to the two layer configuration.

For each embodiment and for each reference embodiment 10 test samples were produced for which the length related flow resistance was determined in a

measurement device according to FIG. 4 of DIN EN 29 053. The results are combined as a mean of the 10 respective sample elements in the subsequent table 2. In order to avoid measurement value falsifications in particular through defective sealing between the coating and the cylinder of the test vessel the sample elements were sealed at their edges with a silicon seam. The test equipment has an upper threshold of the measurement range of 80 kPa x s/m². Table 2: Measurement values of the length related flow resistivity

The measurement values confirm a formation of a closed layer through applying the coating.

The invention furthermore facilitates additional configuration options. Thus for example the slanted surface can also have a convex and/or concave contour besides an advantageous planar contour.

The flame bar can be glued together with the spandrel element, wherein the coating can simultaneously act as glue, or a suitable flame retardant glue is useable.

In case the face of the flame bar is configured perpendicular to its front side the face can also be configured in the form of a step profile or a groove- key profile.

Preferably the step surfaces oriented parallel to the front side are also provided with a coating. Particularly preferably the arrangement of a flame bar with a step profile is performed so that the nose is arranged in the facade covering remote from the building wall so that a cuboid collection chamber is formed.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. A system for fire protection of buildings whose exterior walls are at least partially coated with insulation plates made from flammable thermal plastic insulation material, in particular hard foam plates made from polystyrene, polyurethane and similar which are attached to a building wall through gluing and/or anchoring, wherein the covering is interrupted through at least one preferably continuous or circumferential layer of flame bars and/or includes a flame bar above each opening, wherein the flame bars are formed from materials that are non-combustible and/or remain form stable under heat impact and form a barrier between an upper and a lower layer of the insulation plates (4 - 6) against flame propagation in case of a fire, wherein the insulation plates made from thermoplastic insulation material are arranged above and/or below the flame bars,

wherein the face (9) of the flame bar (3) oriented towards the above layer of insulation plates (5) extends perpendicular to the front side (8') of the flame bar (3) and/or has a slanted surface (9) which is sloped downward towards an outer building wall (1 ), and wherein the face (9, 9') is coated with a flame retardant agent.

2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the front side (8') of the flame bar is coated with a flame retardant agent.

3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating is formed by a layer (30) of a non-combustible or flame resistant pre-fabricated material.

4. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the layer is connected with the flame bar (3) over the entire surface or partial surface.

5. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the layer (30) is formed from a non-woven fabric, woven fabric, mat, metal sheet or a metal foil.

6. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the layer (30) is attached to the flame bar (3) by an adhesive bond, namely preferably through a flame resistant organic or inorganic adhesive.

7. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the layer (30) which is formed of a metal sheet, a metal foil or a pre-fabricated stiff material is connected in a form-locked manner with the flame bar (3) over the whole length or over a section(s) which is/are only extending over a partial portion or partial portions particularly by a cant off part (30) or several cant off parts that is,

respectively, are hookable into the flame bar (3).

8. The system according to one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein

the coating of the face and the front side is formed by a mortar, in particular a flame retardant mortar, a flame retardant paint or a silica based coating, thus sodium silica or silica sol optionally mixed with inorganic fillers.

9. The system according to one of the claims 1 to 3 and 8, wherein

the coating is provided as a closed layer.

10. The system according to one of the claims 1 - 4 and 8 and 9, wherein the coating is applied with a volume so that the length related flow resistivity of the layer according to DIN EN 29053 at a sample element with 100 mm height with a coating applied on one side and cured, wherein the sample element is cut from a coated flame bar, is at least 1.5 times, preferably 2.5 times, particularly preferably at least four times the length related flow resistivity of the uncoated flame bar.

1 1. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slanted surface (9) is inclined at an angle of < 70°, preferably in a range of 30° to 60°, particularly preferably in a range of 40° to 50°.

12. The system according to claim 1 or 1 1 , wherein the slanted surface (9) extends over the entire thickness of the flame bar (3) from its front side (8') to its back side (8) oriented towards the building wall or only over a partial thickness of the flame bar, wherein preferably at least one horizontally extending shoulder is provided in front and/or after the slanted surface (9).

13. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flame bar (3) is made from mineral wool, thus preferably with a raw density of 60 kg/m³ to 160 kg/m³.

14. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation plate (5) provided for contacting the upper face of the flame bar (3) is configured at its lower face complementary to the shape of the upper face of the flame bar (3).

15. The system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein spandrel elements (20) are provided for contacting the upper face of the flame bar (3), wherein the spandrel elements are formed as bridge members between the flame bar (3) and the insulation plate (5) arranged there above, and wherein the bridge members are formed from the insulation material of the insulating plates (4 - 6).

16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the lower face of the spandrel element (20) is adapted in a complementary manner to the upper face of the flame bar (3).

17. The system according to one of the preceding claims 15 or 16, wherein the spandrel element (20) complements the flame bar (3) so that the applied spandrel element (20) forms a flat contact surface for the insulation plate (5) arranged there above.

18. The method for building a facade insulation with the system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a lower layer of insulation plates (4) is attached at the building wall (1 ), wherein a layer of flame bars (3) is arranged on the upper face of the insulation plates (4), wherein the flame bars are attached to the building wall and wherein the arrangement of the flame bar (3) is provided so that a face of the flame bar retains or collects insulation material that has molten under fire impact, and wherein at least one other layer of insulation plates (5, 6) is arranged above the flame bars (3).

19. A flame bar for a facade claddingmade from insulation plates made from flammable thermoplastic material, in particular hard foam plates made from polystyrene, polyurethane and similar, in particular for use in a system according to one of the claims 1 - 17, wherein the flame bars (3) are provided with a face with features according to at least one of the claims 1 - 17.