EP2904625A1 - Disjoncteur à haute tension continue - Google Patents

Disjoncteur à haute tension continue

Info

Publication number
EP2904625A1
EP2904625A1 EP12808730.1A EP12808730A EP2904625A1 EP 2904625 A1 EP2904625 A1 EP 2904625A1 EP 12808730 A EP12808730 A EP 12808730A EP 2904625 A1 EP2904625 A1 EP 2904625A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
switching direction
parallel
power
currents
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12808730.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2904625B1 (fr
Inventor
Dominik ERGIN
Hans-Joachim Knaak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PL12808730T priority Critical patent/PL2904625T3/pl
Publication of EP2904625A1 publication Critical patent/EP2904625A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2904625B1 publication Critical patent/EP2904625B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/547—Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/546—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being triggered by the voltage over the mechanical switch contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for switching
  • DC currents in a pole of a DC voltage network comprising two terminals that can be connected in series with the pole, between which an operating current path extends with a mechanical switch which can be bridged by a turn-off branch, in which a power switching unit is arranged comprising a series connection of two-pole submodules with at least a switchable power semiconductor switch, and commutation means for commutating the current from the operating current path into the turn-off branch, the sub-modules of the power switching unit forming first and second switching direction groups each arranged to turn off currents in a unidirectional switching direction, the switching direction the first switching direction group is oriented opposite to the switching direction of the second switching direction group.
  • Such a device is for example from WO
  • the DC voltage switch illustrated therein has an operating current path with a mechanical switch and a turn-off branch, which is connected in parallel with the operating current path.
  • a series circuit of power semiconductor switches is arranged, each of which a freewheeling diode is connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • the switching units consisting of power semiconductor switch and freewheeling diode are arranged antiserially, so that switching direction groups are present.
  • Switching group is able to carry currents in both directions, but only switch off in one direction.
  • Abschaltzweig therefore two antiserial to each other arranged switching direction groups are provided, so that in the Abschaltzweig currents can be turned off in both directions.
  • commutation means are arranged in the form of an electronic auxiliary switch. in the Normal operation, an operating current flows through the operating current path and thus via the closed mechanical
  • the Abschaltzweiges represent an increased resistance for the DC current.
  • the electronic auxiliary switch is transferred to its disconnected position.
  • the resistance increases in the operating current path, so that the direct current commutes in the Abschaltzweig.
  • the fast mechanical disconnector can then be opened without current.
  • For receiving the energy stored in the DC voltage network and to be reduced during switching Abieiter are provided, which are connected in parallel to the power semiconductor switch of Abschaltzweiges.
  • the prior art device has the disadvantage that doubles in a switching capability of currents in both directions of the power semiconductor overhead. For every
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is inexpensive.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the first switching group for switching off load and short-circuit leakage currents and the second switching direction group is set up exclusively for switching off load currents and protection means for protecting the second switching group are provided in case of short circuit.
  • the invention is based on the idea that short-circuit currents often only have to be switched off in one direction, whereas load currents have to be conducted and switched in both directions. In the context of the invention is therefore the previous Druckmann expanded so that the necessary bidirectional load current switching capability is provided by a first and second switching direction group.
  • the second switching group is designed in the context of the invention only to the requirement of the current carrying capacity of the load current. This semiconductor path designed for lower currents must therefore be protected against possible fault currents.
  • protection means are provided which, for example, upon the occurrence of a short circuit protection of the second
  • the first switching direction group is set up to operate and switch even high short-circuit currents.
  • short-circuit currents can therefore be switched off in only one direction.
  • the load currents can be switched off in both directions.
  • the semiconductor expense for the design of the second switching group has thus reduced considerably compared to the previously known prior art device.
  • the switch according to the invention is therefore less expensive. In this case, the device of the invention is the most in practice requirements. Thus, within the scope of the invention, a practical low-cost power semiconductor switch is provided.
  • the protection means comprise a parallel path for bridging the second switching direction group.
  • the short circuit current is conducted via the parallel path, so that the second switching direction group designed to carry lower currents is protected.
  • a mechanical switch is arranged in the parallel path.
  • the said switch In the case of a short circuit, the said switch is closed, so that a low-inductive bypass path is provided for protecting the second switching direction group.
  • the mechanical switch In order to switch the load current with the second switching direction group, the mechanical switch is opened in the parallel path.
  • a diode and / or a thyristor are arranged in the parallel path.
  • Each diode arranged in the parallel path and each thyristor arranged there has a forward direction which corresponds to the switching direction of the first switching direction group.
  • Each diode and each thyristor is designed to carry high short-circuit currents. The short-circuit currents which can be switched off by the first switching group are thus passed through the diode and the thyristor, which are designed for these high currents and thus are not destroyed.
  • the parallel path has a greater conductivity in the forward direction of the diode and / or the thyristor than the path bridged by it, including the second switching direction group. According to this further development, it is ensured that the short-circuit current is not conducted via the freewheeling diodes of the second switching direction group due to a possibly lower ohmic resistance. In other words, the power semiconductors of the parallel path have a higher conductivity than the freewheeling diodes of the second switching direction group.
  • the commutation means are expediently arranged in the turn-off branch and arranged to generate a circulating current which flows over the bridged section of the operating current path and the turn-off branch and which is opposite to the current in the mechanical switch.
  • the constant operating current can be conducted in a loss-free manner over the operating path in normal operation, in which only a low-impedance mechanical switch is arranged.
  • Power electronic auxiliary switches in the operating current path with high losses in the wake have become superfluous.
  • the arranged in Abschaltzweig commutation are, for example, part of the power switching unit of the second switching direction group and therefore protected by the protective means from excessive currents.
  • the commutation means are designed for the maximum fault current and expediently in the first
  • the commutation means are preferably two-pole submodules which are connected in series with one another in the turn-off branch, for example as part of the first switching direction group.
  • each submodule has an energy store, such as a capacitor, to which a power semiconductor circuit is connected in parallel.
  • These submodules can for example form a half or full bridge circuit.
  • each submodule either the voltage dropping on the energy store, a zero voltage and, in the case of a full bridge circuit, the inverse energy storage voltage can then be generated. In this way, circulating currents can be generated which flow in both directions in said mesh.
  • commutation in the form of a power electronic auxiliary switch in the operating current path.
  • the power electronic auxiliary switch for example, an IGBT with opposite parallel freewheeling diode. If the said IGBT is transferred to its blocking position, the resistance in the operating current path increases so that the current commutates into the turn-off branch.
  • the submodules of the power switching unit at least partially each have a power semiconductor switch which can be switched on and off and a freewheeling diode connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • Such submodules do not serve as commutation means.
  • an oppositely parallel freewheeling diode and backward conductive power semiconductor switches can be used.
  • the two-pole submodules are arranged in series, whereby the freewheeling diodes can only conduct the current flowing via the shutdown branch in one direction. The currents can only be switched off in the forward direction of the respective power semiconductor switch.
  • the submodules are arranged antiserially, so that two switching direction groups are formed.
  • the submodules of the power switching unit each have at least partially an energy store and a parallel connected to the energy storage series circuit of two switched on and off power semiconductor switches with oppositely arranged parallel thereto freewheeling diodes, wherein a submodule connection terminal with a potential point between the on and off power semiconductor switches and the other terminal are connected to a pole of the energy storage.
  • Such submodules form a so-called
  • Submodules with a half-bridge circuit can be used with appropriate orientation as a commutating means, as already stated above.
  • the submodules of the power switching unit at least partially an energy storage and two parallel connected to the energy storage series circuits with two switched on and off power semiconductor switches with oppositely parallel freewheeling diode, wherein a first terminal with the potential point between the two power semiconductor switches of the first Series connection and a second submodule connection terminal is connected to the potential point between the two power semiconductor switches of the second series circuit.
  • the power switching unit at least partially comprises submodules with full bridge scarf - tion.
  • Such submodules can carry and switch currents in both directions. They are also able to generate voltages in the loop formed by Abschaltzweig and operating current path, which provide in the said loop a circular current for commutating the currents from the operating current path in the Abschaltzweig.
  • the terminals of each submodule can be connected to one another via a diode or a thyristor.
  • the diode or the thyristor therefore allows a
  • the power switching unit has varistors and / or downsistors connected in parallel to at least one submodule.
  • the varistors and / or Abieiter at least partially connected in parallel to an energy store.
  • a charging branch which is connected either to a ground potential or to an opposite pole polarized opposite to the pole.
  • the charging branch is connected at its end facing away from the opposite pole or ground potential to the turn-off branch.
  • an ohmic resistance is arranged in the charging branch.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a bidirectional
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • Figure 3 show a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an already described DC voltage circuit breaker 1, which has a first terminal 2 and a second terminal 3, with which the DC voltage circuit breaker 1 can be connected in series in a non-illustrated pole of a DC voltage network.
  • an operating current path 4 to which a turn-off branch 5 is connected in parallel extends.
  • a first branch point 6 and a second branch point 7 are formed.
  • a mechanical switch 8 is arranged in the operating current path 4.
  • the turn-off branch 5 has a power switching unit 9 with a first switching direction group 10 and a second switching direction group 11.
  • Each switching direction group 10, 11 has a series connection of two-pole submodules 12, of which only one is shown for each switching direction group 10 and 11.
  • Each submodule 12 has, for example, a power semiconductor switch 13 which can be switched on and off, to which a freewheeling diode 14 is connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • In parallel to the submodules 12 Abrieiter not shown figuratively arranged with which a stored in the network and released during switching energy can be reduced.
  • commutating means include, for example, an auxiliary switch arranged in the operating current path, which also forms two switching direction groups, so that its power semiconductor switches 13 block a current flow in both directions and thus ensure commutation in the shutoff branch.
  • the fast mechanical switch 8 can then be opened and then the current through the power switching unit 9 are turned off.
  • the commutation means be arranged in the turn-off branch 5 and to generate this voltage, in which mesh formed from the operating current path 4 and the turn-off branch 5 is set up.
  • Two-pole submodules each having an energy store and a power semiconductor circuit, which preferably form a full bridge circuit with one another, serve to generate a voltage.
  • a zero voltage or the inverse energy storage voltage can now be generated.
  • a circulating current can be generated in the said mesh, which is opposite to the current flowing over the operating current path 4. It comes to the commutation of the total current in the Abschaltzweig 5.
  • other commutation means not mentioned here are used.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the device 15 according to the invention, which has all the features of the DC voltage 1, so that the statements made here also apply here, with the difference that the second switching group 11 is set up only for switching and conducting load currents.
  • the first switching group 10 for example, a maximum withstand voltage, which corresponds to twice the rated voltage.
  • the maximum turn-off current of the first switching group 10 is for example eight times the rated current.
  • the second switching group 11, for example, has a maximum withstand voltage, which corresponds to 1.2 times the rated voltage, wherein the maximum cut-off current is equal to the rated current.
  • protection means are provided which in this case comprise a parallel path 16 in which a mechanical switch 17 is arranged.
  • load currents can now be switched off and performed in both directions.
  • the load current is determined using the above described
  • connection terminal 2 it is assumed in the context of the invention that short-circuit currents flow only from the connection terminal 2 to the connection terminal 3. If a short circuit occurs in this direction behind the device 15, then the mechanical switch 17 closes and thus protects the electronic power components of the second switching group 11. Current is switched off by the first circuit group 10.
  • Switch 17 open. The current commutes into the second switching group 11 and can be switched off by this.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention, which essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, but in the parallel path 16 a diode Di is arranged instead of a mechanical switch.
  • the diode Di has a forward direction which is opposite to the switching direction of the second switching direction group 11.
  • the diode Di has the same forward direction as the series-connected freewheeling diodes 14 of the second switching direction group 11.
  • the diode Di has a greater conductivity than the series connection of the freewheeling diodes of the second switching direction group 11.
  • a single diode Di in the parallel path 16 or a single mechanical switch or a single thyristor will not be sufficient, so that a series connection of such components in the parallel path 16 is arranged.
  • This series connection of thyristors can be integrated into the submodules of the second switching direction group 11, so that compact components are provided. This also reduces the insulation and design effort.
  • the submodules 12 of the power switching unit 9 are equipped with an energy store and a power semiconductor circuit, which together form a half or preferably a full bridge circuit.
  • Each submodule can be placed between its submodule Terminals each have a as oriented in Figure 3 diode or an equally oriented thyristor.
  • the protection means are integrated into the series-connected two-pole submodules of the second switching direction group 11.

Landscapes

  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (15) qui permet de commuter des courants continus au sein d'un pôle d'un réseau électrique de tension continue et qui comprend deux bornes de connexion (2, 3) entre lesquelles s'étend un trajet de courant de fonctionnement (4) pourvu d'un interrupteur mécanique (8) et pouvant être ponté par une branche de déconnexion. Dans cette dernière est disposée une unité de disjoncteur à haute tension (9) comportant, selon un montage en série, des sous-modules (12) bipolaires pourvus d'au moins un disjoncteur à haute tension doté de semi-conducteurs (13) pouvant être activé et désactivé et de moyens de commutation permettant de commuter le courant depuis le trajet de courant de fonctionnement (4) vers la branche de déconnexion (5). A cet effet, les sous-modules (12) de l'unité de disjoncteur à haute tension (9) forment un premier et un deuxième groupe de sens de commutation (10, 11) conçus chacun pour couper des courants circulant dans un sens de commutation unidirectionnel, le sens commutation du premier groupe de sens de commutation (10) étant opposé au sens de commutation du deuxième groupe de sens de commutation (11). Selon l'invention, un tel dispositif peut être réalisé d'une manière économique lorsque le premier groupe de sens de commutation (10)est destiné à couper des courants de charge et des courants de court-circuit alors que le deuxième groupe de sens de commutation (11) est exclusivement destiné à couper des courants de charge, des moyens de protection (16, 17, D1) permettant de protéger le deuxième groupe de sens de commutation (11) dans le cas d'un court-circuit.
EP12808730.1A 2012-12-07 2012-12-07 Disjoncteur de courant continu Active EP2904625B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12808730T PL2904625T3 (pl) 2012-12-07 2012-12-07 Wyłącznik napięcia stałego

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/074833 WO2014086432A1 (fr) 2012-12-07 2012-12-07 Disjoncteur à haute tension continue

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2904625A1 true EP2904625A1 (fr) 2015-08-12
EP2904625B1 EP2904625B1 (fr) 2018-03-21

Family

ID=47469912

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12808730.1A Active EP2904625B1 (fr) 2012-12-07 2012-12-07 Disjoncteur de courant continu

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2904625B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2904625T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014086432A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3367567A1 (fr) * 2017-02-28 2018-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de commutation destiné à séparer un chemin de courant
DE102018203487B4 (de) * 2018-03-08 2022-06-23 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Fahrzeugbordnetz
US11876365B2 (en) * 2019-01-31 2024-01-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Connecting a load to a direct current network
DE102019203977B4 (de) * 2019-03-22 2020-12-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schutzschalteinrichtung für Gleichspannung und Gleichspannungsabzweig mit Schutzschalteinrichtung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2009355281B2 (en) 2009-11-16 2014-01-16 Hitachi Energy Ltd Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement
AU2010344989B2 (en) * 2010-02-03 2014-02-13 Hitachi Energy Ltd Switching module to limit and/or break the current of an electric power line
DE102010007452A1 (de) * 2010-02-10 2011-08-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 Schaltentlastung für einen Trennschalter
DE202012100024U1 (de) * 2012-01-04 2012-04-02 Abb Technology Ag HVDC- HYBRID- Leistungsschalter mit Schutzbeschaltung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2014086432A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2904625B1 (fr) 2018-03-21
WO2014086432A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
PL2904625T3 (pl) 2018-08-31

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