EP2892350A1 - Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides encapsulées - Google Patents

Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides encapsulées

Info

Publication number
EP2892350A1
EP2892350A1 EP13774224.3A EP13774224A EP2892350A1 EP 2892350 A1 EP2892350 A1 EP 2892350A1 EP 13774224 A EP13774224 A EP 13774224A EP 2892350 A1 EP2892350 A1 EP 2892350A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
acid
microns
shell
fill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13774224.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2892350B1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Geoffrey WHITELEY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INGWERMAT Ltd
Original Assignee
INGWERMAT Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1215792.1A external-priority patent/GB201215792D0/en
Application filed by INGWERMAT Ltd filed Critical INGWERMAT Ltd
Publication of EP2892350A1 publication Critical patent/EP2892350A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2892350B1 publication Critical patent/EP2892350B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests in coated particulate form
    • A01N25/28—Microcapsules or nanocapsules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to encapsulated water soluble formulations of iron and phosphate which can be used as either a molluscicide or a mollusc deterrent in the absence of an added metal complexing or chelating agent.
  • EP 1679002 A outlines how metal chelates are used as control agents for molluscs (slugs and snails).
  • This description cites the example of U.S. Pat. No. 5,437,870 (Puritch et al.) which discloses an ingestible molluscicide having a carrier (e.g., a bait), a simple iron compound, and ethylene diamine tetracetic acid (EDTA), salts of EDTA, hydroxyethlene triamine diacetic acid, (HEDTA) or salts of HEDTA.
  • a carrier e.g., a bait
  • EDTA ethylene diamine tetracetic acid
  • HEDTA hydroxyethlene triamine diacetic acid
  • 6,352,706 of Puritch also discloses an ingestible molluscicide containing a simple metal compound, an activity enhancing additive such as ethylene diamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) and derivatives thereof, and a carrier material edible to molluscs.
  • EDDS ethylene diamine disuccinic acid
  • Australian Patent Application No. 77420/98 of Young also discloses a stomach-action molluscicide that includes a metal complex iron EDTA and a carrier.
  • aconitic acid alanine diacetic acid (ADA), alkoyl ethylene diamine triacetic acids (e.g., lauroyl ethylene diamine triacetic acids (LED3A)), aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), asparticaciddiacetic acid (ASDA), asparticacidmonoacetic acid, diamino cyclohexane tetraacetic acid (CDTA), citraconic acid, citric acid, 1,2- diaminopropanetetraacetic acid (DPTA-OH), l,3-diamino-2-propanoltetraacetic acid (DTP A), diethanolamine, diethanol glycine (DEG), diethylenetriaminepentaacetie acid (DTPA), diglycolic acid, dipicolinic acid (DP A), ethanolamine
  • the chelating agent is an ambiopolycarboxylic acid, an amine, an amide, a carboxylic acid, a phosphonic acid and combinations thereof. More preferably, the chelating agent is EDTA, HEDTA, EDDS, HEDP, DTP A and combinations thereof.
  • Other suitable chelating agents listed as being capable of complexing metal ions include, amino acids, such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and lysine, as well as proteins, such as whey powder, casein, and albumen. Wirth et al. (WO2012045682) describe a formulation for snail baits comprising organophosphonic acids, metal salts and methiocarb.
  • an organic complexing agent is considered in the field to be an essential component for efficacy or at least for high potency of iron based molluscicides.
  • the organic chelating agent is considered, in each case cited, necessary to enhance the bioavailability of iron because it is proposed that iron phosphate salts are, as commonly described, 'practically insoluble' in water.
  • Iron (III) phosphate dihydrate FeP0 4 .2H 2 0 is typically quoted as having a solubility product of 9.91 lO "16 in water at pH 7 and ferric phosphate is quoted as having a solubility in water at pH 7 and 25 °C of 1.86 x 10 " 12 g/1.
  • the ability to formulate, maintain and deliver substantially elevated concentrations of bioavailable iron in the absence of any of the complexing agents listed above simply by formulating the iron salt in liquid form as a mildly acidified aqueous solution with a pH between 3.0 or less but also up to 6.5 is not obvious and indeed runs counter to the direction of current art in the field of iron phosphate molluscicides.
  • molluscs including slugs and snails
  • molluscicides are important pests not many chemicals have been marketed as molluscicides.
  • the most commonly used include: metaldehyde (first introduced in 1936) and some carbamates such as methiocarb and more recently since the 1990s, iron phosphate plus chelating agents (Edwards et al., Crop Protection 28 (2009) 289-294).
  • metaldehyde first introduced in 1936
  • carbamates such as methiocarb and more recently since the 1990s
  • iron phosphate plus chelating agents Edwards et al., Crop Protection 28 (2009) 289-294.
  • ferric phosphate was petitioned for removal from the US National List 205.601(h) of the National Organic Standards Board (Report of the Crops Subcommittee, Petitioned Material Proposal, Ferric Phosphate (to Remove), August 15, 2012). The reason given for the petition being that ferric phosphate cannot be used as an effective molluscide without EDTA, which might therefore be considered an active ingredient rather than an inert ingredient.
  • a pesticidal composition comprises a microcapsule having a shell and a fill comprising water and a dissolved reaction product of ferrous sulphate and phosphoric acid;
  • microcapsule shell is coated with an ingestible material.
  • the composition may comprise one or more microcapsules incorporated within a body of carrier material, for example, in the form of a pellet.
  • a pellet contains from 10 to 900 microcapsules, for example, 50 to 500 microcapsules present in a pellet.
  • Each microcapsule may have a diameter of 10 to 100 microns. This may enable the slug to break up the pellet allowing the small capsules it contained to pass into the intestine as part of the dough where they break open or dissolve releasing the toxic iron solution.
  • water soluble formulations of iron phosphate are encapsulated to form microcapsules and one or more microcapsules are incorporated in a carrier material edible to pests to provide a pellet of the pesticidal composition containing sufficient bioavailable iron to be effective to kill pests upon ingestion and release of the encapsulated contents.
  • the present invention relates specifically to use of water soluble iron phosphate compositions where aqueous inorganic phosphate complexes of iron are the principal agent responsible for retaining iron bioavailability, thus circumventing the need to have an organic chelating agent present in the composition for efficacy as is taught in the current art for the formulation of iron phosphate molluscicides.
  • An outer coating for example a film coating may be added to protect the pellet from moisture degradation and leeching.
  • the invention particularly relates to a molluscicidal composition, particularly for treatment of slugs or snails.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are free from chelating agents, especially EDTA.
  • the fill is preferably an aqueous solution wherein the pH is in the range pH 1-7.
  • each microcapsule or the aggregated contents of two or more microcapsules contained in a pellet comprises 10-5C ⁇ g Fe in order to provide a lethal dose to a slug or snail ingesting the pellet.
  • the concentration of Fe in the fill is preferably 5 wt%, more preferably 0.3-1 wt
  • the weight of an uncoated microcapsule may be in the range 0.00 lg to 0.05g.
  • Preferred capsule shells have a dimension of 5 ⁇ to ⁇ , preferably 5 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ , more preferably 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ , especially 100 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ .
  • the coating may be a farinaceous material.
  • suitable coatings may be selected from the group consisting of: starch, pectin, agar, gelatine, guar gum, gum arabinose, cellulose, polysaccharides (starches, vegetable gums), proteins, fecula.
  • Alternative carrier materials comprise: non-food carriers, for example: cellulose complexes, sand, clay, silica, polyacrylic acid polymers, polyacrylimide acid polymers, diatomaceous earth, aliginate and wax.
  • Preferred starches may be selected from the group consisting of: arrowroot, corn starch, katakuri starch, potato starch, sago, tapioca or modified and derivative starches.
  • Vegetable gums for example guar gum, locust bean gum and xanthan gum, may be used in the coating as a binder.
  • Proteins may be used. These may be selected from collagen, egg white, furcellaran and gelatine. Carbohydrates including sugars may also be employed.
  • the following substances may be included in the coating materials to enhance palatability
  • vitamin B in particular BI, B2, nicotinic acid or nicotinamide
  • nucleic acid or a hydrolytic degradation products nucleotides, nucleosides, adenine, guanine;
  • ammonium salt for example ammonium acetate
  • phrases may be used to enhance ingestion and attraction.
  • Preservatives tast-altering additives, water-proofing agents, antioxidants, suspending agents, UV stabilizers, odor masking agents and anti-microbial agents may also be employed.
  • Suitable preservatives may include Legend MK®, available from Rohn & Hass Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and CA-24, available from Dr. Lehrnann and Co. of Memmingen/Allgau, Germany. Preservatives can be mixed with water to form a stock solution to be added to the formulation at a concentration in the range of about 10-750 ppm.
  • Waterproofing agents which can also act as binders, can be added to the composition to improve the weatherability of the composition. These are typically water insoluble compounds such as waxy materials and other hydrocarbons. Examples of suitable waterproofing agents include paraffin wax, stearate salts, beeswax and similar compounds.
  • the capsule shell may be composed of any of the materials commonly used for formation of microcapsules.
  • microcapsules may be made by physical methods, physic-chemical methods or by chemical methods known to those skilled in the art. Physical methods include centrifugal extrusion or core-shell encapsulation using a vibrational nozzle. Chemical methods may include interfacial polycondensation.
  • Preferred shell materials include beeswax, starch, gelatin, polyacrylic acid, polyphosphate, alginate, chitosan, carrageenan, starch, modified starch, oligofructans, konnyaku, alpha- lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobumin, ovalbumin, polysorbiton, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, cellulose, cellulose ether, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydropropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, milk protein, canola protein, albumin, chitin, polylactides, poly-lactide-co- glycolides, derivatized chitin, poly-lysine, dilutan gum, locus bean gum, welan gum, xanthan gum zyme, a flavor, a nutrient, a drug, etc.
  • the size of the capsules can be adjusted between less than 0.1 micron to greater than 1000 microns to get 10-5- droplets into a 1 mm diameter by 2 mm length average pellet.
  • the fill may be prepared by mixture of a ferrous salt, for example, ferrous sulphate, with phosphoric acid followed by addition of an oxidising agent. Hydrogen peroxide is preferred. Equimolar amounts of ferrous salt and phosphoric acid may be employed. An equimolar amount or stoichiometric excess of oxidising agent may be used to ensure complete conversion to the ferric species.
  • a ferrous salt for example, ferrous sulphate
  • phosphoric acid Hydrogen peroxide is preferred.
  • Equimolar amounts of ferrous salt and phosphoric acid may be employed.
  • An equimolar amount or stoichiometric excess of oxidising agent may be used to ensure complete conversion to the ferric species.
  • the fill may be prepared by mixing a near saturated aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate (food grade ferrous sulphate heptahydrate) and 75% phosphoric acid (food grade) and then diluting these mixtures to a range of dilutions between 1 :1 and 1 :50 with deionised water.
  • ferrous sulphate food grade ferrous sulphate heptahydrate
  • phosphoric acid food grade
  • bioavailability is sufficient for efficacy the time-limited nature of bioavailability according to the present invention has advantages for the environmental safety and avoidance of off target toxicity in the intended uses of the current patent, and for the manufacture and marketing of iron based molluscicides and mollusc deterrents that do not contain chelating agents.
  • ferric iron is the preferred form because soluble formulations have been found through trials to be more stable in the outdoor environment where the products are to be used.
  • ferric phosphate is the regulatory approved active agent for use as a mollusicide on crops in the EU (EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL Directorate E - Food Safety: El - Plant health; Ferric phosphate, SANCO/3035/99-final, 8 March 2002.
  • ferric phosphate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the Food & Drug Administration.
  • GRAS ferric phosphate is generally recognized as safe
  • the present invention may provide a bioavailable iron composition and method for the control of terrestrial mollusc pests including mollusc species prevalent in agriculture, horticulture and forestry.
  • the active component is preferably a solution containing soluble iron phosphate in a mineral acid solution, such as but not limited to sulphuric and phosphoric acid or combinations thereof and subsequently prepared mixtures of these with compatible ions and pH modifying agents.
  • the composition may have an Fe content between 0.001% and 6% depending on the application.
  • the composition is preferably used as an active agent in an ingestible poison effective to kill molluscs and as contact irritant to deter the passage of molluscs over surfaces to which it has been applied or absorbed.
  • a relatively concentrated liquid composition of iron phosphate in a dilute mineral acid solution of sulphuric and phosphoric acid which may additionally be buffered as necessary to modify the pH within the range from pH 1 up to pH7 and more preferably between pH 3.0 and 6.5 using any compatible alkaline agent such as potassium hydroxide which does not induce spontaneous precipitation, where this liquid composition displays long term stability and is suitable for use in manufacture of micro encapsulated products so that it can be added in encapsulated form to the ingestible carrier material as required to deliver an effective amount of iron for use as a mollusc poison this being preferably between 0.05% and 1% Fe content in the prepared bait by weight and more preferably between 0.1 and 0.4% of Fe by weight to form a pesticidal composition that is effective to kill pests upon ingestion.
  • Encapsulation protects the enclosed liquid formulation from desiccation or leakage of contents in the outdoor environment and masks detection on ingestion of bait, allowing the contents to be released on mechanical action and or enzymatic dissolution of the wall material in the gut.
  • Methods are in widespread use for encapsulating acids such as citric acid in foods for many applications including for example creating an acidic burst of flavour on release.
  • the matrix of the capsule may be chosen from a wide variety of materials classified as GRAS and susceptible to mechanical breakdown, chemical breakdown or enzymatic disintegration in the mollusc gut.
  • Acidic solutions according to the present invention can be encapsulated by methods comprising but not limited to the following methods:
  • Solid lipid nanoparticles in which a heated acid solution is formed into stable, concentrated aqueous dispersions with a molten lipid that is solid at ambient temperatures. Particle size and distribution may be controlled by the rate of initial mixing, degree of shear and rate of cooling to produce a homogeneous mixture of matrix and acid solution which can be present at a concentration as high as 30% by weight of the total dispersion.
  • the Wurster Process is commonly employed whereby particles are fluidised in an air stream within a vertical chamber and coating material solution is injected from below into the fluidized particles.
  • Standard chemical methods for microcapsule manufacture including coacervation, condensation or interfacial polymerization after dispersing the acidic iron core material in a non-solvent continuous phase to form an emulsion or dispersion (the continuous phase must be a non-solvent for the dispersed phase).
  • the shell is then formed by a chemical reaction, and subsequent precipitation, of one or more shell- precursor materials that are dissolved in the continuous or discontinuous phase at the interface of the core material and the continuous phase.
  • a bulk stock solution may be prepared according to the following method.
  • Deionised water was added to 45.7g FeSO 4 .7H 2 0 and made up to lOOg to give a near saturated solution of ferrous sulphate having 25.0 g/100 g of FeS0 4 with an Fe content of 0.2 moles per lOOg (9.2 g FE/lOOg) as a light green solution with a volume of 76.9 ml and a density of approximately 1.3.
  • 26.1 g (15.5 ml) of 75% phosphoric acid H 3 P0 4 was added, this being equivalent to 19.6 g (0.2 moles) of anhydrous H 3 P0 4 .
  • Ingestible slug bait was made from undiluted stock solution having an Fe content of 57.3 g/litre (5.73% Fe) and a pH in the region of 1.0.
  • the solution was added to mechanically agitated coconut oil at 35C containing acid tolerant surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and trioctylmethyl ammonium chloride (Aliquat® 336, Sigma- Aldrich) and methyltriC8-10alkyl ammonium chloride (Adogen® 464, Sigma-Aldrich). This made an stiff liquid water in oil emulsion of approximately 50% aqueous phase by weight.
  • Fe content by weight in solid emulsion is 25g / Kg (25mg / g)
  • Fe content by weight in pellet was 10 mg/g (1%) to provide a preferred effective dose.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition pesticide comprenant une microcapsule comprenant une coque et une charge comprenant de l'eau et un produit de réaction dissous de sulfate ferreux et d'acide phosphorique ; la coque de microcapsule étant enrobée avec un matériau ingérable.
EP13774224.3A 2012-09-04 2013-09-04 Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides encapsulées Not-in-force EP2892350B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1215792.1A GB201215792D0 (en) 2012-07-17 2012-09-04 Bioavailable and pesticidal iron formulations and methods
PCT/GB2013/052317 WO2014037718A1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2013-09-04 Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides encapsulées

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2892350A1 true EP2892350A1 (fr) 2015-07-15
EP2892350B1 EP2892350B1 (fr) 2018-03-21

Family

ID=49322651

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13774225.0A Active EP2892351B1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2013-09-04 Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides
EP13774224.3A Not-in-force EP2892350B1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2013-09-04 Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides encapsulées

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13774225.0A Active EP2892351B1 (fr) 2012-09-04 2013-09-04 Formulations de fer biodisponibles et pesticides

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2892351B1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2014037719A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201521180D0 (en) * 2015-12-01 2016-01-13 Ingwermat Ltd Encapsulated moluscicide
WO2021134157A1 (fr) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 徐州益农化工有限公司 Molluscicide respectueux de l'environnement contenant un chélate de phosphate de fer et son procédé de préparation

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011000709A2 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-06 Syngenta Participations Ag Mollusquicide

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4945130B1 (fr) * 1970-08-17 1974-12-02
US5437870A (en) 1994-08-25 1995-08-01 W. Neudorff Gmbh Kg Ingestible mollusc poisons
AU697781B3 (en) 1996-01-25 1998-10-15 Colin Leslie Young Stomach-action molluscicides
GB9623578D0 (en) 1996-11-13 1997-01-08 Univ Leeds Synthetic sesquioxide biomass conditioning and preservation process
US6352706B1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2002-03-05 W. Neudorff Gmbh Kg Naturally occurring enhancer of metal toxicants in molluscs
US7537778B2 (en) 2002-09-26 2009-05-26 W. Neudorff Gmbh Kg Pesticidal compositions and methods
GB0505836D0 (en) 2005-03-22 2005-04-27 Whiteley Geoffrey M Stabilisation of iron-impregnated biomass in storage
US20130287749A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2013-10-31 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Formulation for snail baits comprising organophosphonic acids, metal salts and methiocarb

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011000709A2 (fr) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-06 Syngenta Participations Ag Mollusquicide

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2014037718A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2892351B1 (fr) 2018-08-08
EP2892350B1 (fr) 2018-03-21
WO2014037719A1 (fr) 2014-03-13
WO2014037718A1 (fr) 2014-03-13
EP2892351A1 (fr) 2015-07-15

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