EP2884091A1 - Soupape d'injection de combustible - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2884091A1
EP2884091A1 EP14193146.9A EP14193146A EP2884091A1 EP 2884091 A1 EP2884091 A1 EP 2884091A1 EP 14193146 A EP14193146 A EP 14193146A EP 2884091 A1 EP2884091 A1 EP 2884091A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
return spring
adjusting element
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14193146.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2884091B1 (fr
Inventor
Buenyamin Duru
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2884091A1 publication Critical patent/EP2884091A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2884091B1 publication Critical patent/EP2884091B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F02M2200/505—Adjusting spring tension by sliding spring seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injector in which a fuel filter is press-fitted into the fuel inlet port at the upstream end of the fuel injector.
  • This fuel filter is provided at the periphery, for example, with a brass ring which forms the mating with the wall of the Brennscherinlassstutzens when pressing the fuel filter.
  • the brass ring surrounds an annular solid plastic section of the main body of the fuel filter, from which extend, for example, three webs in the longitudinal direction to a common bottom portion, of which the actual screen mesh is encapsulated in these sub-areas.
  • An adjusting sleeve downstream of the fuel filter is used to adjust the spring bias of a voltage applied to the adjusting return spring.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of the main claim has the advantage that an adjustment is used as a combined component in the fuel inlet that combines a high functional integration (adjustment of the spring force of the return spring, spring guidance and centering, filtering of the fuel, damping of pressure pulsations) in itself, wherein the adjusting element is provided with a securing means for the return spring such that the return spring is pre-assembled on the adjusting before its installation in the fuel injection valve captive.
  • a structural unit for mounting in the fuel injection valve can be presented in which the return spring is already included. In this respect, the separate assembly process of introducing the return spring can be omitted here, which simplifies the manufacture of the fuel injection valve and makes it less expensive.
  • the securing means on the return spring facing the end of the adjustment can be configured very diverse, preferably the securing means is provided on a thin-walled sleeve which limits the adjustment to the outside and also provides in the latching also for a guide and centering of the return spring, since an extension of the sleeve in the axial direction has a certain necessary guide length.
  • the spring guide and safety device can be integrated directly and particularly cost-effectively in the manufacture of the sleeve of the adjusting element without additional components being required.
  • the cost of manufacturing the adjustment can be kept low in this way.
  • the internal geometries of the inner pole and the connecting sleeve can be made simplified; the tolerance requirements can be lowered.
  • the spring guide integrated on the adjusting element according to the invention also has the advantage that the wear in the inner pole bore is markedly reduced compared with spring guides arranged directly in the inner pole.
  • a filter element is additionally arranged in the adjusting element, so that the highest conceivable functional integration is made on the adjusting element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 an axial section through a fuel injection valve according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged section of the in FIG. 1 shown fuel injection valve in the area II in FIG. 1 with an embodiment of the adjusting element according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 the adjustment in a sectional view
  • FIG. 4 an adjustment with a pre-assembled return spring in a sectional view.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 Embodiments of a fuel injection valve according to the invention will be described in more detail, is to better understand the invention first with reference to FIG. 1 an already known fuel injection valve will be briefly explained with respect to its essential components.
  • fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat body 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1, which has at least one injection opening 7.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a constriction 26 from each other and by a not ferromagnetic connecting member 29 connected.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. Upstream of the dial 15 is an armature 20. This is a non-positively connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by an adjusting sleeve 24 to bias.
  • Fuel channels 30, 31 and 32 extend in the upper valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and on a lower guide element 36.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel distributor line, not shown, and by a further seal 37 against a cylinder head, not shown.
  • a Vorhubfeder 38 is arranged, which holds the armature 20 in the resting state of the fuel injection valve 1 in abutment against the second flange 34.
  • the spring constant of the Vorhubfeder 38 is substantially smaller than the spring constant of the return spring 23rd
  • the armature 20 In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 and the Vorhubfeder 38 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon excitation of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which initially moves the armature 20 counter to the spring force of the prestroke spring 38 in the stroke direction, wherein an anchor free travel is predetermined by the distance between the first flange 21 and the armature 20. After passing through the armature free passage, the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, against the spring force of the return spring 23 also in the stroke direction with.
  • the armature 20 passes through a total stroke, which corresponds to the height of the working gap 27 between the armature 20 and the inner pole 13.
  • the valve closing body 4 communicating with the valve needle 3 lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel guided via the fuel channels 30 to 32 is sprayed through the injection opening 7.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve connected to the needle 3 in communication first flange 21 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • the Vorhubfeder 38 then acts on the armature 20 again so that it does not rebound from the second flange 34, but returns to the rest state without Anschlagspreller.
  • the inner pole 13 is made sleeve-shaped towards the inlet end of the fuel injection valve 1 and thus forms a connecting sleeve 40 in this area.
  • the connecting sleeve 40 can also be formed as a separate component independently of the inner pole 13, into which then e.g. the inner pole 13 is fitted.
  • the filter element 25 is introduced, which serves to filter out such particles in the fuel, which could otherwise lead to functional impairments of the relevant valve components such as the sealing seat.
  • the electromagnetic circuit may e.g. be replaced by a piezoelectric actuator or a magnetostrictive actuator as an actuator.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a partial axial sectional view of the in FIG. 1
  • an adjustment 50 which is designed as a combined component and at least the functions of the adjusting sleeve 24 and the filter element 25 combines.
  • the adjusting element 50 consists again of several individual parts.
  • the outer sheath of the adjusting element 50 forms a metal sleeve 51, which is executed, for example, multi-stepped and manufactured by deep drawing.
  • the thin-walled sleeve 51 has a radially enlarged region 61 in an inlet-side section, for example, which represents the diameter-largest region of the adjustment element 50.
  • the axially succeeding outflow-side portion is the smallest-diameter portion 62 of the adjusting member 50, but only slightly smaller in outer diameter than the pressing portion 55.
  • the strainer 53 is preferably an organic polymeric high temperature resistant thermoplastic, such as polyether ether ketones (PEEK) or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) or polyamides (PA) or polyphthalamides (PPA).
  • PEEK polyether ether ketones
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • PA polyamides
  • PPA polyphthalamides
  • the strainer basket 53 is produced by means of plastic injection molding.
  • a filter fabric 52 is introduced as a filter element, which can also be inserted in the plastic injection molding process as an insert in the tool.
  • This tubular filter fabric 52 may consist of PEEK or preferably of a metallic fabric material, which provides for an additional support effect and increased robustness of the screen basket 53.
  • the strainer basket 53 of the filter has an upper enlarged diameter receiving area 58, which can be inserted in a form-fitting manner in the radially enlarged portion 61 of the sleeve 51, so that slipping of the strainer 53 is excluded within the sleeve 51.
  • the strainer basket 53 also largely fills the interior of the sleeve 51 over the other regions 55, 62, the strainer basket 53 being supported at its downstream end on a bottom region 59 of the sleeve 51, but also, as in FIG FIG. 2 shown, can hang freely.
  • the screen basket 53 is formed by a plurality of, at least two web-like support parts of the filter base body.
  • a throttle bore 54 which has an opening cross section which is many times smaller than the opening cross section of the connecting sleeve 40 and the inner pole 13.
  • the throttle bore 54 in this case has e.g. a diameter of 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm depending on the opening width of the connecting sleeve 40.
  • the throttle bore 54 is introduced, for example, in a separate insert, which is designed as a disk-shaped throttle element 56 and is placed on the strainer 53 at its feed side end face.
  • a separate insert which is designed as a disk-shaped throttle element 56 and is placed on the strainer 53 at its feed side end face.
  • the sleeve 51 is flanged above the throttle element 56.
  • the throttle element 56 is inserted so tightly into the sleeve 51, that the edge region is sealed so far that a bypass to the throttle bore 54 is prevented.
  • the adjusting element 50 is provided at its downstream end with a securing means 65 for the return spring 23 that the return spring 23 to the adjusting member 50 before its mounting in the fuel injection valve 1 captive is pre-assembled.
  • the area around the securing means 65 also serves as a spring guide portion for the return spring 23rd
  • FIG. 3 shows an inventive adjusting element 50, in which a securing means 65 is formed for the return spring 23 at the downstream end.
  • the lower, downstream end of the adjusting element 50 is formed by the bottom portion 59 of the deep-drawn sleeve 51.
  • the sleeve 51 is provided in the radially inner portion of the bottom portion 59 with a pin-like extension 60 in the direction of the return spring 23 out, so that projects axially beyond the otherwise flat bottom portion 59 and forms a spring guide portion.
  • the extension 60 does not extend as a cylindrical sleeve with a constant diameter, but has a central bulge 66, over which at least the upper turn of the return spring 23 is pushed away for latching.
  • FIG. 4 shows an adjusting element 50 with a preassembled return spring 23 in a sectional view.
  • the return spring 23 rests with its upper end on the flat bottom portion 59 and engages with at least its upper turn the bulge 66, whereby a spring guide or Federzentritation guaranteed from the inside and a captive attachment of the return spring 23 to the adjustment member 50 for providing a preassembled unit are.
  • the extension 60 is made so long in the axial direction that the return spring 23 is penetrated radially inwardly over a certain guide length.
  • the adjusting element 50 is installed as the last component in the inflow-side module.
  • the return spring 23 is thereby inserted directly together with the adjusting element 50 due to their fixation.
  • the adjusting element 50 is guided into the inner pole 13, in which case the return spring 23 is finally adjusted to a desired pre-press dimension via the pressing region 55.
  • the connecting sleeve 40 is inserted over the protruding upper end of the adjusting element 50.
  • the captive locking of the return spring 23 on the adjustment element 50 for pre-assembly can be used instead of the bulge 66 with other securing means 65 on the Return spring 23 facing the end of the adjusting element 50 can be realized.
  • bead-like thickening, latching hooks, latching noses or barb-like geometries as securing means 65 can also be formed on the lower end of the adjusting element 50.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments and also in a variety of other designs of fuel injection valves compared to those in FIG. 1 shown design of the fuel injection valve feasible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP14193146.9A 2013-12-13 2014-11-14 Soupape d'injection de combustible Not-in-force EP2884091B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013225840.2A DE102013225840A1 (de) 2013-12-13 2013-12-13 Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2884091A1 true EP2884091A1 (fr) 2015-06-17
EP2884091B1 EP2884091B1 (fr) 2017-01-11

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ID=51900258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14193146.9A Not-in-force EP2884091B1 (fr) 2013-12-13 2014-11-14 Soupape d'injection de combustible

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2884091B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013225840A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3034857A1 (fr) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de combustible
WO2018114082A1 (fr) * 2016-12-19 2018-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pompe à carburant haute pression et dispositif de filtrage de carburant conçu pour une pompe à carburant haute pression
WO2018230082A1 (fr) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Soupape d'injection de carburant
CN110030132A (zh) * 2018-01-11 2019-07-19 罗伯特·博世有限公司 燃料喷射装置

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4003228A1 (de) 1990-02-03 1991-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares ventil
US5335863A (en) 1993-05-03 1994-08-09 Siemens Automotive L.P. Filter cartridge mounting for a top-feed fuel injector
US6328232B1 (en) * 2000-01-19 2001-12-11 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector spring force calibration tube with internally mounted fuel inlet filter
US6434822B1 (en) 2000-09-13 2002-08-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method of fuel injector assembly
US20020179747A1 (en) * 2001-06-01 2002-12-05 Dennis Bulgatz Self-locking spring stop for fuel injector calibration
EP1377747A1 (fr) 2001-02-28 2004-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant a douille filtrante
WO2005001279A1 (fr) * 2003-06-10 2005-01-06 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation Injecteur de carburant modulaire comportant un circuit magnetique bipolaire
WO2008148709A1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Continental Automotive Gmbh Dispositif d'ajustement et de filtrage pour une soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection
DE102009000183A1 (de) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
EP1296057B1 (fr) 2001-09-19 2011-01-05 Filtertek Inc. Filtre à combustible intégré à un tube de calibrage pour un injecteur à combustible
EP2426351A1 (fr) 2010-09-02 2012-03-07 Continental Automotive GmbH Réglage de l'ensemble de filtre de carburant et soupape d'injection
EP2589790A1 (fr) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-08 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Ensemble de bouchon pour soupape haute pression

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4003228A1 (de) 1990-02-03 1991-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares ventil
US5335863A (en) 1993-05-03 1994-08-09 Siemens Automotive L.P. Filter cartridge mounting for a top-feed fuel injector
US6328232B1 (en) * 2000-01-19 2001-12-11 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector spring force calibration tube with internally mounted fuel inlet filter
US6434822B1 (en) 2000-09-13 2002-08-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method of fuel injector assembly
EP1377747A1 (fr) 2001-02-28 2004-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant a douille filtrante
US20020179747A1 (en) * 2001-06-01 2002-12-05 Dennis Bulgatz Self-locking spring stop for fuel injector calibration
EP1296057B1 (fr) 2001-09-19 2011-01-05 Filtertek Inc. Filtre à combustible intégré à un tube de calibrage pour un injecteur à combustible
WO2005001279A1 (fr) * 2003-06-10 2005-01-06 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation Injecteur de carburant modulaire comportant un circuit magnetique bipolaire
WO2008148709A1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Continental Automotive Gmbh Dispositif d'ajustement et de filtrage pour une soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection
DE102009000183A1 (de) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
EP2426351A1 (fr) 2010-09-02 2012-03-07 Continental Automotive GmbH Réglage de l'ensemble de filtre de carburant et soupape d'injection
EP2589790A1 (fr) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-08 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Ensemble de bouchon pour soupape haute pression

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3034857A1 (fr) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de combustible
WO2018114082A1 (fr) * 2016-12-19 2018-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pompe à carburant haute pression et dispositif de filtrage de carburant conçu pour une pompe à carburant haute pression
WO2018230082A1 (fr) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Soupape d'injection de carburant
JP2019002366A (ja) * 2017-06-16 2019-01-10 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 燃料噴射弁
CN110030132A (zh) * 2018-01-11 2019-07-19 罗伯特·博世有限公司 燃料喷射装置
CN110030132B (zh) * 2018-01-11 2022-07-01 罗伯特·博世有限公司 燃料喷射装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2884091B1 (fr) 2017-01-11
DE102013225840A1 (de) 2015-06-18

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