EP2877894A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente et composant optique à couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'une couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente et composant optique à couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringenteInfo
- Publication number
- EP2877894A1 EP2877894A1 EP13756589.1A EP13756589A EP2877894A1 EP 2877894 A1 EP2877894 A1 EP 2877894A1 EP 13756589 A EP13756589 A EP 13756589A EP 2877894 A1 EP2877894 A1 EP 2877894A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- birefringent
- mineral
- thin
- layer
- transparent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 glycol ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002588 FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010415 colloidal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000803 convective self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LQFNMFDUAPEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LQFNMFDUAPEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of norganic birefringent thin films (also called mineral) or organo-mineral hybrids.
- the invention also discloses inorganic and transparent birefringent optical blades in the UV and / or visible and / or infrared spectral range.
- the retardation blades are generally manufactured either from expensive mineral monocrystals and poorly adapted to large areas, or from organic dyes, such as polycarbonate.
- organic dyes such as polycarbonate.
- the thermal and photochemical stability of organic waveplates is low.
- the use of a wave plate requires good stability with respect to temperature or a high photon flux.
- the waveguides based on organic materials require a sufficient thickness to form a blade having the desired optical delay, for example a quarter wave plate to generate an optical delay equal to ⁇ / 4, spectively a half blade. -onde for a delay of ⁇ / 2 or a wave plate for a delay equal to ⁇ .
- the thickness of an organic waveguide generally has the effect of reducing the transmittance of the waveguide, particularly in the ultraviolet (UV) range below 350 nm.
- the epitaxial growth has the major drawback of: area nonparallel nanorods grown on the surface of the substrate.
- geometric anisotropy is not entirely devoted to birefringence in the plane of the surface of the substrate.
- the transmitted light exhibits a complex delay behavior which is strongly dependent on the angle of incidence of the light.
- the nanorods Diréfringents films obtained in this way generally have: Porte absorption or scattering in the visible spectral range.
- this method It is difficult to apply industrially to the production of film over large areas because of limits in terms of substrate surface and cost.
- EP1715365_A1 discloses an optical component for liquid crystal display comprising a birefringent thin film comprising anisotropic mineral particles and a polymer resin.
- JP-A-2009-104152 discloses a birefringent thin film comprising inorganic nanoparticles and an organic binder.
- JP-A-2012-032623 discloses a method of manufacturing a film composed of a polymer resin and oriented mineral particles.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing an inorganic thin-film inorganic film. Another object of the invention is to provide a method of : inorganic birefringent thin film manufacturing having few or no defects [uniformity, cracks ...] on a large surface. Yet another object of the invention is to provide an inorganic thin film optical component having high birefringence, good optical transmission and low scattering.
- the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and more particularly relates to a method of manufacturing a thin transparent and birefringent mineral solid layer comprising the following steps: a. preparing a colloidal solution consisting of anisotropic mineral nanoparticles suspended in a dispersion liquid;
- the mineral nanoparticles have an average length L less than or equal to three microns and a ratio of average length L to average diameter D greater than or equal to two;
- the concentration of mineral nanoparticles in the colloidal solution is determined in such a way that the colloidal solution has a nematic, columnar or smectic liquid crystal organization;
- the dispersion liquid comprises a solvent and / or an additive capable of increasing the dynamic viscosity of the colloidal solution;
- the solvent is a polar solvent having a dynamic viscosity greater than or equal to that of water,
- the polar solvent is chosen from water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, in the family of glycol ethers, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide and / or consisting of a mixture of these polar solvents .
- the final composition and / or the viscosity of the olloidal solution to be deposited are modified by a step of distillation of at least one solvent used to prepare the colloidal solution.
- the manufacturing method further comprises, during step D) of deposition of the thin liquid layer, a step of preheating the substrate at a temperature below or equal to the boiling temperature of the dispersion liquid.
- the manufacturing process further comprises, following step c) of drying the thin liquid layer, a thermal annealing step at a temperature between 100 and 1000 ° C., while protecting the integrity of the nanoparticles and the substrate.
- the step b) of depositing a thin liquid layer is carried out by dipping or dip-coating, by spin coating or spin-coating and / or by blade-coating a knife or blade-coating.
- the dispersion liquid comprises at least one polymer matrix precursor, so as to obtain a thin organic-mineral nano-hybrid layer composed of mineral nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix.
- the manufacturing process further comprises, after 'step c) of drying the thin liquid layer, an additional step of depositing, on the thin birefringent solid layer, a second thin layer by liquid route from a solution comprising at least one polymer matrix precursor.
- the invention also relates to an optical component comprising a substrate having a surface and at least one transparent and direafringent mineral solid thin layer deposited on said surface, said xansparent and birefringent inorganic solid thin film comprising anisotropic mineral nanoparticles aligned along a direction. parallel to the surface of the substrate, the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles having an average length L less than or equal to three microns and a ratio of average length L to average diameter D greater than or equal to two.
- the optical component comprises a padding of at least a first thin transparent and Diréfringente mineral solid thin layer and a second thin transparent and transparent mineral solid thin layer, the first transparent and birefringent mineral solid thin layer comprising anisotropic mineral nanoparticles aligned along a Darallele direction at the surface of the substrate and the second xansparent and birefringent mineral solid thin layer comprising anisotropic mineral nanoparticles aligned parallel to the alignment direction of the nanoparticles of the first transparent mineral solid thin shower and birefringent.
- the optical component comprises at least one transparent and birefringent mineral solid thin layer or a stack of thin transparent and birefringent mineral solid showers having an apid optical axis and a slow optical axis, the total thickness of said birefringent thin layer or the birefringent thin film stack being such that the optical component : elutes a phase delay plate preferably having an optical delay equal to ⁇ / 8, kl, ⁇ / 2, 3 ⁇ / 4 or ⁇ between the fast optical axis and the slow optical axis, for a utilization wavelength ⁇ belonging to the UV, visible or IR domain, preferably in the range from 200 to 3000 nm.
- the optical component comprises a stack of at least one thin transparent and direafringent mineral solid thin layer having a fast optical axis and a second thin transparent and birefringent mineral solid layer having a slow optical axis.
- the fast optical axis of a thin transparent and birefringent mineral solid thin layer being parallel to the slow optical axis of the second thin transparent and tapered mineral solid layer so as to form a dielectric thin-layer mirror.
- the invention will find a particularly advantageous application in the : manufacture of thin-film birefringent optical components and in the use of high-temperature-resistant inorganic birefringent thin films DU with a high photon flux, for example in video projectors, solar cells , emitting diodes (LEDs) or display devices.
- the present invention also relates to the features which will emerge in the course of the description which follows and which will have to be considered individually or in all their technically possible combinations.
- FIG. 1 represents, in block diagram form, the steps for manufacturing a birefringent thin film according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a side view of a blade coating deposition device for aligning the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles with thin-film deposition
- FIG. 3 schematically represents the thin-film deposition and alignment of the anisotropic nanoparticles by the application of a shearing stress via a knife blade;
- FIG. 4 diagrammatically represents an enlarged view of the portion 9circuited in FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 represents an experimental measurement of transmission through an optical component comprising a birefringent mineral thin film in the spectral range from UV to near infrared
- FIG. 6 represents standard optical diffusion spectral curves for a birefringent mineral solid thin film (measurement and simulation);
- FIG. 7 represents a measurement of the birefringence ( ⁇ ) and the optical delay [ ⁇ ) of a birefringent mineral thin film in the spectral range from UV to near infrared.
- a geometric anisotropy at the microscopic or nanoscopic level of a delay blade shower generally induces optical anisotropy or birefringence.
- Dn uses a structure of aligned inorganic nanoparticles to make a birefringent inorganic thin shower.
- FIG. 1 represents, in block diagram form, the steps for manufacturing a birefringent solid thin film according to one embodiment of the invention. Some of these steps are essential, others are optional as described in detail below.
- a preliminary step is to prepare or manufacture anisotropic mineral nanoparticles.
- anisotropic mineral nanoparticles are chemically synthesized according to a method compatible with mass production.
- the mineral nanoparticles are preferably crystallized and preferably monocrystalline.
- the nanoparticles consist of a material having an intrinsic birefringence and preferably Das or little optical absorption in the spectral range of use, located in the range of 200 nm to 3000 nm.
- the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles are in the form of nano-rods or nano-cylinders or nano-ellipsoids. Methods for making TiO 2 , SiO 2 or ZnO lanoparticles are, for example, known.
- inorganic lanoparticles of LnPO 4 phosphates containing one or more lanthanide or yttrium series ions
- alkaline earth carbonates TiO 2 , ZnO, FeOOH B JOU a mixture of these anisotropic mineral nanoparticles.
- LaPO 4 nanobistons are used.
- the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles are transparent in the range of optical wavelengths of use, for example on the UV, visible and / or infrared range.
- steps 20, 30 and 40 relate to the synthesis of an olloidal suspension or colloidal solution of anisotropic mineral nanoparticles suspended in a dispersion liquid.
- a dispersion liquid based on an aqueous or non-aqueous solvent or a mixture of water and one or more non-aqueous solvents, such as ethylene glycol, is prepared.
- the dispersion liquid consists of a polar solvent or a mixture polar solvents.
- polar solvent is meant a solvent having a high dielectric constant capable of solvating the surface of the particles and separating the electrostatic surface charges. It can be considered that a solvent is polar when its dielectric constant is preferably greater than ten (this value not constituting a low limit).
- protic polar solvents hydrofluoride
- aprotic polar solvents presence of a dipole moment and electrostatic interactions.
- the dispersion liquid has a dynamic iscosity greater than or equal to that of water.
- step 30 the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles are dispersed in the dispersion liquid. This gives, after dispersion of the nanoparticles in the solvent, a colloidal solution in step 40, which is the result of step 30.
- the composition of the dispersion liquid and the concentration of the anisotropic inorganic nanoparticles in the colloidal solution are optimized so that the colloidal solution is stable over time.
- the concentration of anisotropic mineral nanoparticles in the colloidal solution is high.
- the concentration of anisotropic nanoparticles in the colloidal suspension is greater than or equal to 0.1% fraction / olumic.
- the concentration of LaPO 4 nanoparticles in the colloidal suspension is greater than or equal to 0.1% by volume fraction. This colloidal suspension is particularly stable over time and can be stored for several months at room temperature.
- the ratio average length L over average diameter D of the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles is greater than or equal to two and the concentration 3> s of the mineral nanoparticles in volume fraction in the colloidal suspension 9st greater than or equal to 0.1%.
- the concentration ⁇ 3 of the mineral nanoparticles is adjusted to a value which leads to the nematic, columnar organization of the smectic of the colloidal solution.
- a suspension with a volume fraction of approximately 5% of LaPO 4 makes it possible to obtain thin layers of variable thickness (200 nm to 1 micron) having a birefringence of 0.13.
- the properties of alignment of anisotropic particles in flow regime are used.
- the state of the material is called liquid crystal, which simultaneously possesses the properties of the crystalline solid (spatial anisotropy of the physical properties) and those of the liquids (fluidity, coalescence of the drops by contact, etc.).
- the nanoparticles tend to self-align along the direction of the shear stress.
- the colloidal suspension must have flow-defringent properties so that, during the deposition in thin layer, the particles orient in the direction of the shear stress.
- the main parameters associated with the behavior of the colloidal suspension and which determine the thin-film quality from the point of view of the orientation of the nanoparticles are as follows:
- the aspect ratio of the anisotropic nanoparticles is between 2 and 1000;
- the concentration ⁇ 3 in volume fraction of anisotropic nanoparticles in the colloidal suspension is between 0.1 and 50%; the stability of the colloidal suspension at least 2 hours after preparation of the suspension;
- the viscosity of the colloidal suspension is at least equal to that of water.
- the stability of the colloidal suspension can be evaluated over time for example by controlling the size of scattering objects measured by dynamic light scattering.
- the viscosity depends in particular on the composition of the dispersion liquid.
- the dispersion liquid is chosen according to its viscosity and its affinity with the lanoparticles.
- a dispersion liquid is used with water and ethylene glycol.
- a high viscosity additive such as glycerol, can be used to increase the viscosity of the colloidal suspension and promote shear-induced orientation of the nanoparticles.
- the viscosity of the water is 8.94. E "4 Pa.s, the viscosity of ethylene glycol is equal to 1, 61 .E" 2 Pa ⁇ s and the viscosity of glycerol is 1, 2 Pa.s at 20 ° C.
- the properties of the colloidal suspension can be measured: concentration, optical diffusion, viscosity.
- Step 60 is an optional step of modifying the composition of the colloidal suspension so as to optimize its flow birefringence properties.
- the colloidal solution containing inorganic anisotropic nanoparticles is entirely in the form of a dilute isotropic phase and does not have a large flow birefringence, it is possible to modify the nanoparticle oncentration, the concentration and / or the composition of the solvent.
- the viscosity of the colloidal suspension is insufficient to align the nanoparticles by spreading of the deposit, it is possible to add one or more solvents capable of increasing the viscosity of the colloidal suspension.
- the colloidal suspension is distilled to remove water from the solvent.
- a colloidal suspension of inorganic anisotropic nanoparticles which has good flow birefringence properties, for example at minus a fraction in the state of liquid crystal having a permanent birefringence.
- This property of birefringence can easily be highlighted by placing an ellule containing the colloidal suspension between crossed polarizers. The composition of the colloidal solution is finely adjusted until a solution comprising the liquid crystal Dhase is obtained.
- the colloidal solution comprises a fraction in the liquid crystalline state
- it comprises mesophases induced by the presence of the solvent and which depend on the concentration.
- the anisotropic inorganic nanoparticles allow to generate liquid crystal phases in the presence of the solvent under certain conditions of concentration, viscosity and temperature.
- liquid-thin film deposition of the colloidal suspension on a substrate and the application of a shear stress to the substrate and the colloidal suspension during the deposition are then carried out (step 70).
- Step 80 comprises a step of drying the thin liquid layer by evaporation of the dispersion liquid.
- the substrate is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to the boiling temperature of the dispersion liquid.
- a birefringent and xansparent solid thin film is obtained comprising mineral nanoparticles aligned in a Darallele direction on the surface of the substrate.
- Step 90 is an optional thermal annealing step of the birefringent mineral solid thin film.
- FIG. 2 shows a side view of a deposition device using a knife blade (also called blade coating) to apply a shear stress in order to align the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles.
- a substrate 2 is placed on a sample holder 1.
- the substrate 2 is of planar shape.
- the substrate 2 may be a glass slide or quartz having a surface Douvant range from a few square microns to a few m 2.
- the sample holder 1 is plane and comprises means for heating the substrate (for example a heating resistor) and means for measuring the substrate's temperature.
- the substrate 2 comprises an upper surface on which 9 is deposited a determined amount of colloidal suspension 3 of anisotropic inorganic nanoparticles comprising at least one fraction in the liquid crystal state. A few drops of colloidal suspension 3 may be sufficient to deposit a thin layer of a few hundred microns thick over a large area.
- the substrate is preheated to a temperature (T ⁇ 140 ° C) below the evaporation temperature of the dispersion liquid.
- a knife blade 4 is disposed in a Dlan transverse to the surface of the substrate, the end of the blade being located at a small distance d from the plane of the surface of the substrate 2. Typically, the distance d is between B and 10 microns. . Controlling the distance d controls the thickness of the deposited thin film.
- a relative displacement X is made between the substrate 2 and the knife core 4 so that the knife blade comes into contact with the colloidal suspension 3.
- the knife blade 4 spreads the colloidal suspension for Ormer a thin liquid layer of uniform thickness on the surface of the substrate 2.
- the knife blade 4 applies a shear stress to a colloidal suspension 3 directed in the plane of the substrate.
- the knife blade 4 may have a trapezoidal shape or an ectangular shape with rounded corners.
- the edge of the knife blade 4 is Darallblock on the surface of the substrate on which the colloidal suspension is deposited.
- the jar of the knife can be in the form of a line or a flat surface.
- the knife blade 4 is fixed and the substrate moves at a constant speed to pass under the knife blade 4 at a precisely controlled distance d.
- the knife blade 4 can move while the sample holder remains fixed.
- FIG. 3 schematically represents the liquid thin layer deposition Bt the alignment of the anisotropic nanoparticles by the application of a Disintegration constraint via a knife blade 4.
- the knife blade 4 is located at a distance from the plane the surface of the substrate 2.
- the knife blade has a flattened elm which can enlarge the shear area.
- the colloidal suspension 3 prepared according to the process described above has birefringence properties.
- the colloidal suspension 3 comprises intermediate phases in gel state and in the nematic liquid crystal state.
- the application via the knife blade of a shear stress on the colloidal suspension simultaneously drives spreading the colloidal suspension in a thin liquid layer and aligning the nanoparticles in the thin liquid layer in a direction parallel to the shear stress.
- a thin liquid layer 5 is thus obtained comprising nanoparticles oriented parallel to the surface of the substrate in the direction of the shear stress.
- the substrate 2 then passes to a heating device 6 which carries the substrate at a temperature higher than the evaporation temperature of the dispersion liquid.
- the dispersion liquid of the thin liquid layer 5 is thus evaporated, which makes it possible to solidify the inorganic thin layer of aligned anisotropic nanoparticles.
- a thin birefringent mineral solid layer 7 is thus obtained.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows an enlarged view of the encircled portion A in Figure 3.
- the colloidal suspension is subjected to shear stress shown in: igure 4 by simple arrows.
- the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles represented by small dashes, are arranged in superimposed molecular layers and orient parallel to the surface of the substrate along the direction of the shear stress.
- the thin shower 5 remains in the liquid state due to the presence of the dispersion liquid.
- the substrate 9st raised to a temperature slightly higher than the boiling temperature of the dispersion liquid (T ⁇ 200 ° C.) so as to solidify the thin layer of mineral nanoparticles. aligned in the direction of the shear stress undergone. During the evaporation of the dispersion liquid, the nano-sticks retain their orientation. A solid thin layer 7 of anisotropic mineral nanoparticles aligned in the same direction parallel to the substrate is thus obtained. From Dreference, a thermal annealing step 80 of the thin layer of oriented anisotropic nanoparticles 7 is then carried out.
- the substrate 2 and the solid thin layer 7 are annealed in an oven at a temperature greater than 500 ° C.
- Thermal annealing temperature is chosen so as to preserve the integrity of the substrate and the solid thin film of mineral nanoparticles.
- the thermal annealing Dermet consolidate the mechanical structure of the birefringent solid thin layer 7.
- LaPO 4 nanobistons are used.
- all kinds of particles having anisotropic geometry can be used (for example: TiO 2 , ZnO, FeOOH).
- LC liquid crystal properties
- the dispersion liquid is selected by considering its viscosity and affinity with the colloidal particles.
- Water and ethylene glycol are used in the example, and a high viscosity fluid such as glycerol can be used as an additive to increase the viscosity and promote the shear-induced orientation of the nanobits.
- spin-coating or dip-coating methods can be used.
- the deposited liquid solution is spread by the blade to form a homogeneous thin liquid layer on the substrate.
- the solid thin film can be annealed in an oven above 500 ° C without loss of optical quality.
- the spin coating is prepared.
- a determined quantity of colloidal suspension having birefringence properties is deposited on a preferably planar substrate 2.
- the substrate 2 is disposed on a rotating plate.
- the turntable comprises means for heating the substrate.
- the turntable is set in motion at a determined speed of Otation.
- the rotation induces a radial shear stress which simultaneously makes it possible to spread the colloidal suspension in a thin liquid layer and to orient the anisotropic nanoparticles radially.
- After evaporation of the solvent at room temperature, or advantageously by heating the substrate at a temperature higher than the solvent evaporation temperature), a solid thin shower of radially oriented mineral nanoparticles is obtained.
- a mineral thin film with radial birefringence is thus produced.
- a layer of 500 nanometers thick made of lanthanum phosphate lined nano-rods (LaPO 4 ) was manufactured. It is verified by scanning electron microscope that the nanoparticles are aligned almost Darfaite parallel to the surface of the substrate and radially with respect to the axis of Otation. The surface is uniform and free of cracks. The existence of some defects at the microscopic scale does not affect the macroscopic optical quality. Dlalinger in the solid thin film between crossed polarizers, an image is observed in: Representative cross elm radial birefringence of the film deposited by spin coating.
- the deposit is prepared by dipping.
- a substrate of any shape, is dipped into a container containing the colloidal suspension comprising at least one phase in the liquid crystal state. Then the substrate is removed from the colloidal suspension.
- a thin liquid layer is formed on the substrate, the thin liquid layer being subjected to a shear stress ocally parallel to the surface of the substrate.
- the nanoparticles self-align with the shearing stress, that is to say, parallel to the axis of draw, near the evaporation of the dispersion liquid, a thin, direaring thin film is obtained.
- the dipping method is particularly well suited to a non-planar shaped substrate surface, such as for example a concave or convex face of a mirror or lens.
- Brush deposit can be used to deposit and orient organic liquid crystals.
- the knife blade deposition method advantageously makes it possible to precisely control the thickness of the thin film deposited.
- FIG. 5 represents an experimental measurement of transmission in the spectral range going from the UV to the near infrared through a component comprising a birefringent mineral thin layer of LaP0 4 nanobistons.
- the measured component is a quarter wave plate at the wavelength of 280 nm.
- the transmission measurement indicates that the thin layer is very transparent (T> 90%) over the entire visible and near-infrared range from 400 to 2600 nm.
- the birefringent thin film has a remarkable transparency down to -300 nm, with a transmission coefficient greater than 80%. At both ends of the measured spectrum, the transmission coefficient decreases gradually, without any absorption Dande.
- the criterion of transparency is defined only by the transmission coefficient but also by the diffusion of the birefringent thin shower.
- dntre range 200 nm and 3000 nm
- 0 defines the intensity of an incident light beam
- the T intensity of a transmitted light beam the R intensity of a reflected light beam
- the intensity of a light beam D absorbed and the intensity of scattered light beam.
- the optical diffusion D of a birefringent mineral thin film of thickness e in nanometers, at the wavelength ⁇ is such that on the spectral domain considered:
- FIG. 6 represents an experimental measurement curve (D mes ) of the diffusion of a birefringent mineral thin layer of LaPO 4 of thickness 500 nm obtained by the method of the invention and a simulation curve ⁇ D S IM) for a birefringent thin shower having a thickness of 500 nm.
- FIG. 7 represents an experimental measurement of the birefringence spectrum [ ⁇ ) and the optical delay ( ⁇ ) of a component comprising a Threfringent mineral thin film.
- the abscissa axis represents the measurement wavelength ⁇ from UV to near infrared (-280-2000 nm).
- the ordinate axis represents the value of the measured birefringence ( ⁇ ) and also the value of the optical delay ( ⁇ in radians).
- an optical component comprising a Threfringent mineral thin film has a high transmission coefficient (greater than 70%) and a measured Diréfringence is equal to ⁇ 0.1 over a broad UV-visible-3-infrared spectral range.
- the high value of birefringence makes it possible to envisage different applications.
- a first example of application relates to a wave plate used to control the transmission of polarized light in a video projector.
- the deposition process can be applied over a wide range of substrates.
- the coating technique by coating with the blade is particularly well suited to the case of a plane substrate.
- the spin coating technique generally applies to a planar substrate.
- the soaking deposit technique applies to any form of planar or non-planar substrate. Different substrate materials are possible: glass, quartz, rigid or flexible polymer.
- the substrate must be compatible with the process and in particular with the temperature of the substrate during the deposition and during the evaporation of the solvent.
- the stacked thin layers are oriented in the same direction.
- the various thin layers can be manufactured from the same Dolloidal suspension, to allow the final thickness of the stack to be increased, and thus to increase the optical delay of the birefringent optical component.
- a first birefringent thin layer is deposited, the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles of the first layer being oriented in a first direction, and a second thin layer is deposited on the first thin layer, the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles of the second layer being oriented in one direction to those of the first layer. It is thus possible to manufacture a dielectric mirror in a thin layer.
- the thin film of oriented inorganic nanoparticles is encapsulated in a transparent thin layer of polymer or mineral material.
- a transparent thin layer of polymer or mineral material For example, one deposits liquid thin film comprising at least one polymer matrix precursor, to : obtain a mineral solid thin film composed of nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix.
- the encapsulation by the polymer fills gaps between the anisotropic mineral nanoparticles and forms a thin, uniform layer of planar surface. Encapsulation reduces the diffusion induced by the nanoparticles and confers greater mechanical and chemical resistance.
- the invention makes it possible to manufacture a thin layer (of a few nm to 1 -2 ⁇ in thickness) that is completely inorganic of aligned mineral nanoparticles during deposition.
- This thin layer has very interesting optical properties of Diréfringence, with a high birefringence ( ⁇ - 0.13) for very thin layers [thickness of the order of 500 nm).
- the anisotropic geometry of the aligned nanoparticles makes it possible to obtain a high birefringence value ⁇ , up to ⁇ " 0.13 while presenting a low absorption and therefore a high value of transmission. After deposition, the birefringence remains constant.
- the LaPO 4 material being a material with a large gap, does not absorb on the UV-visible range, unlike the known organic polymers.
- the inorganic thin layer of anisotropic mineral nanoparticles has low diffusion losses ( ⁇ 10%).
- the aligned film structure is generated by the liquid crystal property [shear stress induced orientation] during deposition of the nanoparticles.
- a non-aqueous solvent is used to increase the orientation effect caused by shear stress.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to produce a thin layer of strong Diréfringence, weakly diffusing and not very absorbent in the spectral range of 'UV-visible-infrared.
- the birefringent inorganic thin film can be manufactured as a thin layer of uniform thickness over a large area, not necessarily flat.
- the birefringent thin layer consists solely of norganic materials which makes it very stable, especially in terms of temperature, and very resistant to harsh conditions such as exposure to a large flow of photons.
- the invention makes it possible to manufacture a wave plate, or retardation plate, in a high quality inorganic thin layer, of controlled thickness over a large area and without defects such as cracks.
- a resultant inorganic layer thus obtained can be used as a waveguide which can be exposed to a high temperature or to a high photon flux, as for example in a an overhead projector, a solar cell, an emitter diode (LED) or a display device.
- a high temperature or to a high photon flux as for example in a an overhead projector, a solar cell, an emitter diode (LED) or a display device.
- LED emitter diode
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1257185A FR2993797B1 (fr) | 2012-07-24 | 2012-07-24 | Procede de fabrication d'une couche mince solide minerale transparente et birefringente et composant optique a couche mince solide minerale transparente et birefringente |
| PCT/FR2013/051779 WO2014016514A1 (fr) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-07-23 | Procédé de fabrication d'une couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente et composant optique à couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2877894A1 true EP2877894A1 (fr) | 2015-06-03 |
Family
ID=47351805
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13756589.1A Withdrawn EP2877894A1 (fr) | 2012-07-24 | 2013-07-23 | Procédé de fabrication d'une couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente et composant optique à couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9389353B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2877894A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2993797B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014016514A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6983282B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2021-12-17 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 光学膜形成方法、プログラム、コンピュータ記憶媒体及び光学膜形成装置 |
| CN110494771B (zh) * | 2017-02-08 | 2022-01-18 | 巨跃控股有限责任公司 | 通过介电电泳的光转向和聚焦 |
| CN114849980B (zh) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-03-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | 用于制备具有取向性一维材料薄膜的装置及层状结构 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070298193A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2007-12-27 | Kazuhiro Nakamura | Method of Producing Light-Scattering Film, Polarizing Plate Comprising Light-Scattering Film and Liquid Crystal Display Device Comprising the Polarizing Plate |
| JP2009104151A (ja) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-14 | Jsr Corp | 位相差膜、位相差素子、偏光板、およびこれらを使用した液晶表示素子 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5853801A (en) * | 1995-09-04 | 1998-12-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for the preparation of continuous optical compensatory sheet |
| EP1479734B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-20 | 2009-02-11 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Procede de preparation d'un revetement de surface nanostructure, revetements nanostructures et articles contenant le revetement |
| WO2005045485A1 (fr) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-19 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polariseur invite-hote dichroique comportant un film polymere oriente |
| JP2005227606A (ja) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-25 | Jsr Corp | 位相差フィルム、偏光板、およびこれらを使用した液晶表示素子 |
| US7329465B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2008-02-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical films incorporating cyclic olefin copolymers |
| US20060255486A1 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2006-11-16 | Benson Olester Jr | Method of manufacturing composite optical body containing inorganic fibers |
| US7455886B2 (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2008-11-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Nanocomposite materials and an in-situ method of making such materials |
| JP4748214B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-05 | 2011-08-17 | Jsr株式会社 | 位相差膜、位相差素子、偏光板、およびこれらを使用した液晶表示素子 |
| JP5679729B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-30 | 2015-03-04 | 日東電工株式会社 | 位相差フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-07-24 FR FR1257185A patent/FR2993797B1/fr active Active
-
2013
- 2013-07-23 EP EP13756589.1A patent/EP2877894A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-07-23 WO PCT/FR2013/051779 patent/WO2014016514A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2013-07-23 US US14/417,072 patent/US9389353B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070298193A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2007-12-27 | Kazuhiro Nakamura | Method of Producing Light-Scattering Film, Polarizing Plate Comprising Light-Scattering Film and Liquid Crystal Display Device Comprising the Polarizing Plate |
| JP2009104151A (ja) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-14 | Jsr Corp | 位相差膜、位相差素子、偏光板、およびこれらを使用した液晶表示素子 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2014016514A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2993797B1 (fr) | 2014-08-29 |
| WO2014016514A1 (fr) | 2014-01-30 |
| FR2993797A1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 |
| US20150205027A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
| US9389353B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Chao et al. | Light scattering by nanostructured anti-reflection coatings | |
| Yang et al. | Broadband terahertz conductivity and optical transmission of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanomaterials | |
| EP0191661B1 (fr) | Procédé de dépôt et de cristallisation d'une couche mince de matériau organique au moyen d'un faisceau d'énergie | |
| JP2011515216A5 (fr) | ||
| Toudert et al. | Optical properties of bismuth nanostructures towards the ultrathin film regime | |
| Kanai et al. | New route to produce dry colloidal crystals without cracks | |
| De Nicola et al. | Moth-eye effect in hierarchical carbon nanotube anti-reflective coatings | |
| EP3391027B1 (fr) | Supports amplificateurs de contraste utilisant un materiau bidimensionnel | |
| Mohammed et al. | Structural and optical properties of nanostructured hybrid LiNbO3/silicon wafer for fabricating optical modulator | |
| EP2877894A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'une couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente et composant optique à couche mince solide minérale transparente et biréfringente | |
| Nyga et al. | Mid-IR plasmonics and photomodification with Ag films | |
| Galle et al. | Conductive ITO interfaces for optoelectronic applications based on highly ordered inverse opal thin films | |
| FR3066644B1 (fr) | Dispositif electriquement conducteur, transparent ou semi-transparent, a base de nanofils metalliques et de nanoparticules de silice poreuse | |
| EP2191306A1 (fr) | Dispositif optique dispersif à cristal photonique tridimensionnel | |
| EP2614362A1 (fr) | Substrat revêtu de nanoparticules, et son utilisation pour la détection de molécules isolées | |
| EP2695967A1 (fr) | Procédé de synthèse d'un materiau composite nanostructure et dispositif de mise en oeuvre associé. | |
| Valente et al. | Depolarizing optical effect by ZnO nanowire arrays | |
| Li et al. | 3-5 µm mid-infrared broadband absorbers composed of layered ITO nanorod arrays with high visible light transmittance | |
| Bing et al. | Enhanced optical absorption of amorphous silicon films by Ag nanostructures | |
| WO2023062305A1 (fr) | Élément optique antireflet | |
| FR3073321A1 (fr) | Procede de cristallisation d'une couche utile | |
| Chaikeeree et al. | Enhanced transmission based on vertically aligned ITO NRs deposited by Ion assisted electron beam evaporation with glancing angle deposition technique | |
| Ye et al. | Subwavelength porous silica antireflection coating | |
| RU2405177C2 (ru) | Оптическое покрытие на основе ориентированных в электрическом поле углеродных нанотрубок для оптического приборостроения, микро- и наноэлектроники при нивелировании границы раздела сред: твердая подложка-покрытие | |
| Boonpichayapha et al. | A study of thickness dependence on omnidirectional anti-reflection SiO2 nanorod array fabricated by oblique angle deposition |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20150218 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: KIM, JONG WOOK Inventor name: BOILOT, JEAN-PIERRE Inventor name: PERETTI, JACQUES Inventor name: LAHLIL, KHALID Inventor name: GACOIN, THIERRY |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20160310 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20190201 |