EP2873199A1 - Transmission de télégrammes de données insensible aux interférences dans un réseau de communication - Google Patents

Transmission de télégrammes de données insensible aux interférences dans un réseau de communication

Info

Publication number
EP2873199A1
EP2873199A1 EP12758436.5A EP12758436A EP2873199A1 EP 2873199 A1 EP2873199 A1 EP 2873199A1 EP 12758436 A EP12758436 A EP 12758436A EP 2873199 A1 EP2873199 A1 EP 2873199A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
network
communication
component
subnetwork
components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12758436.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Heine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2873199A1 publication Critical patent/EP2873199A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4604—LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
    • H04L12/462—LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
    • H04L12/4625—Single bridge functionality, e.g. connection of two networks over a single bridge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24—Multipath

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a communication network having a plurality of network components which are connected to one another for the exchange of data telegrams, the communication network having a first subnetwork and a second subnetwork, and each network component being in communication with both subnetworks.
  • the invention also relates to a network component for operating in such a communication network and to a method for the interference-free transmission of data telegrams in such a communication network.
  • Network components ie network-capable devices which can be connected to a communication network and exchange data via transmission of corresponding data telegrams, are now used in many areas of technology, for example in the automation of systems.
  • network components both network-enabled devices and those devices are subsequently considered that are used to control and manage the transfer of data messages in the communication network, so for example, so-called “switches”, “Bridges”, “hubs”, “Rou ⁇ ter”.
  • Automation systems are used to automate systems, such as electrical energy supply networks or electrical switchgear, and usually include automation devices (eg, so-called field devices), which are arranged in the vicinity of primary components of the corresponding system, eg the electrical energy supply network.
  • automation devices eg, so-called field devices
  • primary components can be, for example, electrical cables and lines, transformers, generators, motors or converters.
  • the automation devices may be, for example, so-called electrical protection devices or bay controllers that are installed in substations of electrical energy supply networks.
  • automation ⁇ approximate device often referred to as so-called “IEDs” ( “Intelligent Electronic Devices”) are referred to.
  • the automation devices are connected to the communication network and exchange data telegrams which include, for example, control commands, messages about events (eg threshold value violations), measured values or status messages as user data.
  • the proposed as a receiver of the data telegram network component receives both data telegrams from the subnetworks ⁇ , wherein it uses the incoming first at their data message ⁇ program and the Since the two data telegrams use two independent transmission paths in this case, it is ensured even if there is a fault on one of the transmission paths that the other - usually still intact - transmits agungsweg the transmitted with the data telegram user information reaches the receiver network component.
  • the PRP standard allows the use of simple techniquesbau ⁇ ter network components with standard communication ports, because here no special requirements are imposed on the control of the data communication.
  • a disadvantage of the structure of a PRP communication network is the fact that PRP requires a strict parallel structural ⁇ structure of the two sub-networks, whereby the hard ⁇ ware expense to the construction of such a communication network, so for example the number of required communication increases cables and switches, clearly becomes.
  • the construction of a PRP communication network is the fact that PRP requires a strict parallel structural ⁇ structure of the two sub-networks, whereby the hard ⁇ ware expense to the construction of such a communication network, so for example the number of required communication increases cables and switches, clearly becomes.
  • PRP communication network is thus also associated with comparatively ⁇ as high cost of its infrastructure.
  • EP 2148473 AI use ei ⁇ nes communications network according to the IEC 62439-3 also in the strikes: in 2012 described standards for High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) ago.
  • An HSR communication network is constructed in a ring topology, each Netzwerkkom ⁇ component is integrated with two communication ports in the ring.
  • a network component transmits a data telegram in both directions of the ring, the receiver network component receives the first incoming data ⁇ legramm and discards the second as a duplicate. Due to the closed ring structure, there are always two independent communication paths between all network components, so that the transmission of the data telegram via the respective other transmission path is ensured even if one of the two communication paths interferes.
  • a communication network constructed in accordance with the HSR standard requires fewer cables and switches compared to the PRP standard, but requires a relatively high administrative effort for controlling the communication from the network components involved, in particular because detection and elimination in The ring-shaped communication network has to be provided with circular data telegrams ("loop prevention"), which means that the deployable network components are relatively expensive.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a possible to indicate ⁇ ness for redundant transmission of data telegrams in egg nem communication network, a sufficient reliability on the one hand ensured and other ⁇ hand, device or hardware complexity - and therefore cost - reduced to build up the communication network are.
  • This object is achieved by a communication network of the type mentioned above, in which the communication network comprises at least some network components which are connected to each other like a chain, whereby each chain of network components components having a first network component, which is UNMIT ⁇ telbar with the first sub-network in connection, and a second network component which is directly connected to the second subnetwork in connection.
  • the invention is not limited to, that all power ⁇ plant components are arranged in chains. Likewise, chains of different lengths can be used in the invention.
  • the data telegrams can be transmitted comparatively interference-free by using the two independent sub-networks, since in a fault in one of the sub-networks, the data telegram in question passes through the intact ande ⁇ re subnetwork to the receiver network component.
  • the first network component of the chain of network components adapted to finally send out ⁇ such data messages in the first sub-network whose network identifier specifies the first subnetwork
  • second network component of the chain of network components is set up to send only such data telegrams in the second subnet ⁇ the whose network identifier indicates the second subnetwork.
  • the network components are configured to receive the first data message and reject the second when receiving data telegrams from two directed to them, with respect to their payload content identical data telegrams.
  • SEN communication network stipulates that any number is disposed from other network components between the first and the second network component of a chain of network components.
  • the network components each have two communication ports, with which they are connected to the communication network.
  • Such network components with two communication ports or ports can be integrated directly into the communication network, since one port can be used for direct or indirect connection to the first subnetwork and its further port can be used for direct or indirect connection to the second subnetwork.
  • such network components include an internal switch that communicates with the two communication ports.
  • the invention may for example be used in such a communication network, wherein at least one of the network components engineering equipment is a network-enabled automation ⁇ an automation system is.
  • IEDs Intelligent Electronic Devices
  • the communication network comprises at least one network-enabled automation ⁇ t Deutschens réelle that exactly one Kirunikationsan ⁇ has at least one automation ⁇ device via one of the network components connected to the communication network and wherein the network component in question has a communication port for connection to the automation device and two Kirunikationsan ⁇ connections for connection to the communication network.
  • the network component in question virtually provides a switch having at least three communication connections, with which, on the one hand, the two subnetworks are connected directly or indirectly, and the automation device is connected to the other.
  • the above object is also achieved by a Netzwerkkompo ⁇ component for operating in a communication network according to one of the embodiments described above, wherein the communication network comprises a first subnetwork and a second subnetwork and the Netztechnikkompo ⁇ component two communication terminals for connection to the communication network ,
  • the network component with respect vorgese ⁇ hen that it is adapted to engage one of the two Communication connections to be directly connected to one of the subnetworks and to the other of the two communication ports with another network component, and that the network component is configured to send exclusively such data telegrams by means of connectable to the sub ⁇ network communication port, the one corresponding Subnet-specifying network identifiers include. Since the network component is connected directly to one of the two subnetworks on only one side, chains of at least two network components are consequently formed. The simple rule is that the Netzwerkkom ⁇ components each send only data telegrams with matching network identifier in the directly attached subnet, a development of circular telegrams can be effectively prevented.
  • the network component comprises a detection means including a ⁇ is to directed to detect after the connection with the Kommunikati ⁇ onsnetztechnik which of the two Medunikationsan- conclusions with the subnet and which is connected to another network component.
  • the network component is an automation device for use in an automation system.
  • the network component of the invention provides also that the network component having a communications port for connection with at least one, a single communication terminal automation ⁇ stechniks réelle and having two communication terminals for Verbin ⁇ tion with the communication network.
  • the network component forms a Raneinrich ⁇ processing for an automation device with only one communication from nikationsan gleich, so that one can be the such automation ⁇ engineering equipment is in a corresponding communications network Schemebun-.
  • the above object is also achieved by a method for interference-free transmission of data telegrams in a communication network, the communication network having a plurality of network components and a first subnetwork and a second subnetwork, each network component being in communication with both subnetworks and for redundantly transmitting a data telegram from a network component to another network component of the first network component data string ⁇ programs both in the direction of the first and also emits in the direction of the second sub-network, and wherein the transmitted data telegrams are identical with respect to their Nutzsteininhaltes and include a network identifier of the one subnetwork indicates in whose direction they are sent, and wherein the further network component receives the first incoming data telegram and the second ver ⁇ throws.
  • the communication network comprises at least some network components that are like a chain connected to each other, where ⁇ at each chain of network components having a first network component, the factory directly to the first subnet is connected, and a second network component which is directly connected to the second subnetwork, the first network component of the network of network components sending exclusively those data telegrams into the first subnetwork, whose network identifier indicates the first subnetwork, and the second network component of the chain of network components finally such data telegrams in the second subnetwork whose network identifier specifies the second subnetwork.
  • Figure 1 is a communication network according to IEC
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment egg nes communication network with ver ⁇ ringertem hardware complexity.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of the structure of a communication ⁇ network 10 according to the standard IEC 62439-3: 2012 (PRP) according to the prior art, for example in the form of an Ethernet communication network.
  • the communication network 10 is used for redundant coupling of network components lla-1, which exchange data telegrams with each other.
  • network components lla-1 may be, for example automation devices of an automation system, such as a power car ⁇ matmaschinesstrom for controlling and / or monitoring an electrical power supply network.
  • the communication network 10 on two mutually un-dependent sub-networks 12a and 12b that are parallel Betrie ben.
  • a sender network component e.g. the network component IIa
  • an information to a receiver network component e.g. the
  • Network component Iii The information to be transmitted is considered useful data in two data telegrams 13a and 13b a ⁇ embedded which correspond stim ⁇ men with respect to the Nutzsteininhaltes. Specifically, the network component IIa transmits the first data telegram 13a in the direction of the first subnetwork 12a, while it transmits the second data telegram 13b in the direction of the second subnetwork 12b.
  • the data telegrams 13a and 13b are indicated in FIG. 1 by block arrows emanating from the network component IIa.
  • the data telegrams 13a and 13b are transmitted independently of each other via the two subnetworks 12a and 12b to the receiver network component Iii. This receives the data telegrams and used in the useful data of the incoming data only to ⁇ telegram (eg data telegram 13b) given information while the later arriving Since ⁇ tentelegramm (eg data telegram 13a) is discarded as a duplicate.
  • the duplicate recognition can be carried out, for example, based on information contained in the respective data telegram 13a or 13b via the MAC address of the sender network component IIa and a unique sequence number.
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a communication network 20 with ⁇ compared to the communication network 10 of Figure 1 reduced hardware complexity and thus also ge ⁇ lower cost for the network infrastructure.
  • the communication network 20 takes into account the fact that often not all the communication links in a communication network have the same high degree of redundancy and immunity is required. Although the communication network 20 also has two subnetworks 22a and 22b operated independently of one another, the network component 21a-l are here arranged in chains 24a-d with three network components in each case.
  • the network components 21a-c in such a way in egg ⁇ ner chain 24a are arranged, for example, that a first network component 21a is directly connected to a communication terminal to the first subnetwork 22a and is connected to the other communication output directly to a communication terminal of a central network component 21b.
  • the average network component 21b is at its other Kommunikati ⁇ onsausgang directly with a communication terminal of a second network component in connection 21c, which is connected with its other terminal directly to the second communication part ⁇ network 22b.
  • each network component 21a-c is still in communication with both subnetworks 22a and 22b, in contrast to the communications network 10 of FIG. 1, indirect connections are permitted in the communications network 20 as well.
  • the network component is 21b le ⁇ diglich indirectly - namely the network component 21 - with the first part 22a in network connection.
  • the network component 21b embeds the to be transmitted to the Netzwerkkom ⁇ component 21j information into two data messages ⁇ programs 23a and 23b which are identical in halts Nutz Scheme- but differ by a different network identifier. This indicates via which subnetwork 22a or 22b the respective data message is sent ⁇ program 23a or 23b.
  • the data telegram 23a contains a network identifier indicating the subnetwork 22a and is first sent by the network component 21b to the network component 21a adjacent in the chain 24a and forwarded by this to the first subnetwork 22a.
  • the second data telegram 23b comprises a network identifier indicating the second subnetwork 22b and is first transmitted to the neighboring network component 21c and forwarded by the latter to the second subnetwork 22b.
  • the first data message 23a is transmitted via the first partial network 22a to the fourth chain 24d and passes there ⁇ di rectly to the first network component 21j of the chain 24d.
  • the second subnetwork 22b forwards the second data message 23b to the fourth chain 24d.
  • the second data telegram 23b finally reaches the receiver network component 21j via the network components 211 and 21k.
  • the network component 21j used in the useful data of the first incoming data tele ⁇ program information contained and discards the later ⁇ pertinent data telegram.
  • the duplicate recognition can also be used in the communication network 20 according to FIG. 2, for example based on information contained in the respective data telegram 23a or 23b concerning the MAC address of the sender address. Network component 21b and a unique sequence number.
  • Peripheral network components ie network components which are connected on the one hand to a subnetwork and on the other hand to another network component (eg the first network component 21a and the second network component 21c of the first chain 24a), according to a first communication rule, forward all data telegrams which they receive directly from one the sub-networks 22a or 22b obtained at the Netztechnikkompo ⁇ component itself (eg, for its own use of information contained in the data telegram in an application layer of the network component) and the other communication connection to which the other network component is connected, on.
  • another network component eg the first network component 21a and the second network component 21c of the first chain 24a
  • the first network ⁇ component 21a passes the first network ⁇ component 21a as marginal network component of the first chain 24a all incoming from the first subnetwork 22a data messages to their own application layer, and the wide ⁇ ren communication terminal to which the central network component is connected 21b on.
  • peripheral network components send all data telegrams which they themselves have generated, taking into account the network identifier via both communication connections in the direction of the subnetworks 22a and 22b.
  • the network component 21a transmits a data telegram with a network identifier indicating the first subnetwork 22a via the one communication connection in the direction of the first subnetwork 22a, while sending a second data telegram with the second
  • Subnet 22b indicating network identifier via the other communication port in the direction of the second partial ⁇ network 22b emits.
  • marginal network components are derived, only those data telegrams received cation connection to its associated with the other network component communi-, on the one hand to the network ⁇ factory component itself (eg, its application level).
  • the data messages are only then forwarded to the network part ⁇ when indicating a question the part ⁇ network having network identifiers; Data legrules with an unmatched network identifier are therefore not forwarded but blocked.
  • ⁇ by the occurrence of circular data telegrams, which would increase the communication load of the communication network, effectively avoided.
  • the first network component forwards all incoming circuit at its associated with the network component 21b Kilunikationsan- data telegrams to its application ⁇ plane 21a of the first chain 24a. However, forwarding via the other communication connection to the first subnetwork 22a takes place only if the network identifier of the data telegram in question actually indicates the first subnetwork 22a. If this is not the case, the first network component 21a blocks the forwarding of the data telegram to the first subnetwork.
  • the middle network components route all data telegrams arriving at one of their communication ports to the network component itself (eg for use in an application layer of the network component) and the other communication port for transmission to another one connected thereto Network component on.
  • the power station component ⁇ 21b passes all incoming at its associated with the network component 21 a communication port data telegrams to their further application level and sends it in addition via its other communications connection to the network component 21c.
  • mean network components send all the data telegrams that they themselves have generated, taking into account the network identifier over both communication ports in the direction of the subnetworks 22a and 22b.
  • 21b sends the network component, a data telegram with the first subnetwork 22a indicating network identifier via a communication port in the direction of the first sub-network 22a, currency ⁇ rend them indicative of a second data telegram with the second subnetwork 22b network identifier to the other communication port in the direction of the second subnetwork 22b.
  • the information about this role in the devices must be set to a parameter setting. This can be done either manually when building the communication network or be carried out automatically ⁇ wolves.
  • the network components to a detection device, which may be integrated, for example, in an already existing communication control.
  • This detection device uses a special communication protocol to query from the neighboring devices of the respective network component Informatio ⁇ nen. If the neighboring devices in both cases are other network components, the network component to be parameterized is assigned the role of a middle network component.
  • the recognition device recognizes a different network component only at one communication port of the network component and at the other.
  • the detection device can, for example, use the "Link Layer Discovery Protocol” (LLDP) according to IEEE 802.1AB for querying the respective neighboring devices.
  • LLDP Link Layer Discovery Protocol
  • a communica ⁇ tion network in which at least some of the network components combined into chains are (for example, communication network 20 according to Figure 2), not for each network component, the same degree of redundancy and immunity as a communication network, wherein each network component is di ⁇ rectly with both subnetworks connected.
  • each network component is di ⁇ rectly with both subnetworks connected.
  • the network component 21a with the network component 21c only by internally chain (that is over the network component 21b) transmitted data telegram decorate communi ⁇ ; the other conceivable transmission path, namely from the network component 21a via the first subnetwork 22a, another chain (eg, chain 24b) and the second subnetwork 22b to the network component 21c, is blocked.
  • the data telegram in question contains result was ⁇ ner sending the network component 21a in the first part of this network a first subnetwork 22a indicating network identifier that is not, however, ER him allows to be transferred to the second subnetwork 22b.
  • the data telegram would be prevented from forwarding to the second subnetwork by the network components 21f, 21i, and 211 because of the mismatched network identifier due to the appropriate communication rule for edge network components. It is therefore an example ⁇ example a cable break in the communication link between the network components 21a and 21b before, there is no valid transmission path between the network more components of the first chain 24a.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a communication network with comparatively little hardware complexity.
  • FIG. 3 shows a communications network 30 having a plurality of network components 31a-1 and two subnetworks 32a and 32b
  • the network components are arranged in four chains 34a-d, but unlike the communication network 20 of FIG. 2, the chains 34a-d have different lengths, ie different numbers of network components.
  • the first chain 34a include three network ⁇ components 31a-c
  • the second and third chain 34b and 34c each have two network components 31e-f and 31g-h
  • the fourth chain 34d four network components 31i-l.
  • the network component 31d is directly connected to both subnetworks 32a and 32b, as in a conventional PRP communications network, and thus is not located in any of the chains 34a-d. It can be seen that the subnetworks 32a and 32b must provide a somewhat increased number of communication ports (namely, a total of 10) as compared to the example of FIG.
  • the network components 31a-b and 31d-1 can be, for example, automation devices with two communication connections each for integration into the communication network 30, such terminals can also be integrated into the communication network 30 via the network component 31c - Have conclusion.
  • the network component 31c on the one hand two communication terminals for connection to the communication network 30 and on the other hand at least one communications port (in the present example: two Kom ⁇ munikationsan say) for connection to the respective end ⁇ gets on with only one communication port.
  • the network components 31c quasi represents a connection device for such terminals with only one communication connection and ensures their redundant integration into the communication network in accordance with the communication rules for network components explained above with reference to FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau de communication (20, 30) comprenant une pluralité de composants de réseau (21a-l, 31a-l) reliés les uns aux autres pour échanger des télégrammes de données. Le réseau de communication (20, 30) comprend un première partie de réseau (22a, 32a) et une deuxième partie de réseau (22b, 32b) et chaque composant de réseau (21a-l, 31a-l) est relié aux deux parties de réseau (22a-b, 32a-b). Selon l'invention, pour rendre un tel réseau de communication (20, 30) aussi insensible que possible aux défaillances avec une faible dépense en appareillage, le réseau de communication (20, 30) comprend au moins quelques composants de réseau (21a-l, 31a-l) qui sont reliés en chaînes les uns aux autres. Chaque chaîne (24a-d, 34a-d) de composants de réseau (21a-l, 31a-l) comprend un premier composant de réseau (par exemple 21a, 31a) qui est directement relié à la première partie de réseau (22a, 32a) et un deuxième composant de réseau (par exemple 21c, 31c) qui est directement relié à la deuxième partie de réseau (22b, 32b). L'invention concerne également un composant de réseau (21a-l, 31a-l) correspondant destiné à être utilisé dans un réseau de communication (20, 30), ainsi qu'un procédé de transmission de télégrammes de données insensible aux interférences dans un réseau de communication (20, 30).
EP12758436.5A 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 Transmission de télégrammes de données insensible aux interférences dans un réseau de communication Withdrawn EP2873199A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/067090 WO2014032736A1 (fr) 2012-09-03 2012-09-03 Transmission de télégrammes de données insensible aux interférences dans un réseau de communication

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EP2873199A1 true EP2873199A1 (fr) 2015-05-20

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Country Link
US (1) US9871747B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2873199A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104685835B (fr)
BR (1) BR112015004218A2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2609074C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014032736A1 (fr)

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CN109447107B (zh) * 2018-09-14 2021-08-10 华南理工大学 基于信息熵的办公建筑空调日用能模式异常在线检测方法
CN109361587B (zh) * 2018-11-19 2020-12-04 广东电网有限责任公司 基于hsr环网和prp冗余网络的智能站站控层组网系统与方法

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RU2609074C2 (ru) 2017-01-30
US20150222568A1 (en) 2015-08-06
RU2015112133A (ru) 2016-10-20
CN104685835A (zh) 2015-06-03
WO2014032736A1 (fr) 2014-03-06
BR112015004218A2 (pt) 2017-07-04
US9871747B2 (en) 2018-01-16
CN104685835B (zh) 2018-11-02

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