EP2869821A2 - Compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting viral infections - Google Patents
Compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting viral infectionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2869821A2 EP2869821A2 EP13813787.2A EP13813787A EP2869821A2 EP 2869821 A2 EP2869821 A2 EP 2869821A2 EP 13813787 A EP13813787 A EP 13813787A EP 2869821 A2 EP2869821 A2 EP 2869821A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- warts
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- treatment
- hydroxychloroquine
- amodiaquine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4706—4-Aminoquinolines; 8-Aminoquinolines, e.g. chloroquine, primaquine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/12—Keratolytics, e.g. wart or anti-corn preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
Definitions
- This invention relates, in genera!, to compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting papi!!omavirus infections and removing warts of papillomavirus genesis in mammalian hosts, and in particular, to the treatment and prevention of genital warts and other warts and lesions of the skin and mucosal surfaces that are associated with infections of the papillomavirus in mammals. More specifically, this invention relates to compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting repiication of the human papillomarivus, thereby eliminating the cause of such warts and lesions.
- the human papillomavirus is a virus of the papillomavirus family that infects the epidermis of human beings, Such infections may result in epithelial lesions or growths, particularly warts, also known as condylomas or papillomas.
- Many different human papillomavirus types have been identified, which are usually transmitted through skin-to-skin contact (or mucous membrane contact), including sexual contact.
- Human papillomavirus types 6 and 1 1 are most often associated with unsightly and embarrassing, but usually non-cancerous, warts on the male genitalia, in and around the vagina, in and around the anus, in and around the throat, including the larynx, or other skin and/or mucous membrane areas.
- Other human papillomavirus types include, but are not limited to, types 16 and 18, which are also transmitted through skin-to-skin contact ⁇ or mucous membrane contact), including sexual contact, and are associated wit unsightly and often embarrassing anogenitai warts.
- the human papillomavirus is also known generally to play a role in, and may in fact lead to, several types of cancers, including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, rectal and/or oropharyngeal cancers, although types 16 and 18 are associated with a higher risk of cancer than types 6 and 1 1 and other types.
- Other human papillomavirus types include type 1 , which is associated with unsightly but usually noncancerous warts that appear on the feet.
- the present invention may be used to treat and inhibit infections caused by ali of the aforementioned human papillomavirus types, but the invention is not limited to the treatment and inhibition of infections caused soieiy by the human papillomavirus types mentioned above.
- cryotherapy which involves freezing the abnormal cells with liquid nitrogen
- conization or a cone biopsy, which removes the abnormal areas surgically
- Loop ESectrosurgica! Excision Procedure LEEP
- acids may be applied to assist in terminating the wart
- canadid antigen may be injected to stimulate the immune system to fight off the wart
- a topical medication called imiquimod may be applied; or no treatment at all may be used, which implies simply waiting to see if the cells can heal on their own.
- compositions and/or methods include burning or freezing away the wart (using chemicals or an electrical current), which can often be a painful process, and in any event can leave unsightly scarring.
- Others utilize a medication that modifies the immune response to the virus in order to treat the wart, but these often require more time to fight the virus and terminate the wart, which does not aiways happen.
- these methods may be used to target and treat existing warts, they do not necessarily treat the underlying virus which may result in a recurrence of the warts, as the warts are a manifestation of the viral infection.
- !t is therefore one of the primary objects of the present invention to provide compositions and methods for treating infections caused by the human papillomavirus and for removing warts associated with that virus, particularly, but not limited to, those associated with types 1 , 6, 11 , 16 and 18
- Another object of the present Invention is to provide compositions and methods for treating infections caused by the human papillomavirus and for removing warts associated with that virus in which the compositions are safe enough to be used topically on highly sensitive regions of the skin, such as may be found in the genital areas.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide compositions and methods for treating infections caused by the human papillomavirus and for removing warts associated with that virus which can be administered to humans through different routes of administration and in a variety of forms.
- Yet another object of the present invention is to provide compositions and methods for treating Infections caused by the human papillomavirus and for removing warts associated with that virus which can also be used to cover scars left after conventional surgical removal of such warts, in order to prevent re- growth of such warts.
- Still one other object of the present Invention is to provide compositions and methods for treating infections caused by the human papillomavirus and for removing warts associated with that virus which provide quick relief and termination of the wart, as well as sustained relief to prevent additional warts from forming, by inhibiting replication of virus.
- the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating an infection associated with the human papillomavirus; such an infection may be manifested in a human as epithelial lesions, including warts, and particularly skin warts, lesions and anogenitaS warts.
- the compositions of the invention for treating and removing such warts comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of chioroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine. More particularly, the compositions comprise either chioroquine alone or hydroxychloroquine alone or amodiaquine alone, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as the active ingredient, or combinations of any two, or all three, of those compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, as the active ingredients.
- compositions may also comprise suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients and/or adjuvants, and/or other non-active ingredients, such as ethyl alcohol, irdocaine, epinephrine and/or diphenhydramine. It is believed that the compositions of the invention act by inhibiting replication of human papillomavirus which causes such warts.
- the methods of the invention comprise administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of chioroquine, hydroxychloroquine, amodiaquine and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to a human being, using one or more routes of administration that are well known in the art.
- topical epicutaneous
- transdermal in the form of a patch
- transmucosal also known as pharmaceutical pessary delivery
- vagina or rectum in the form, for example, of an ovule or suppository, respectively
- nasal such as delivery by inhalation of aerosol droplets produced, for example, with the aid of a nebulizer
- infusion under the skin in the form of an injection are possible.
- one aspect of the present invention generally concerns methods for the treatment of a human or mammalian subject suffering from an existing papillomavirus infection by inhibiting further replication of the virus,
- the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of ch!oroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject, in yet another embodiment the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceuticaliy acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject
- the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering a therapeutically effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceuticaliy acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- Another aspect of the invention generally concerns methods for the prevention or inhibition of the development or recurrence of the development in a human or mammalian subject of an infection of the human papillomavirus by inhibiting replication of the virus, in one embodiment of this aspect, the methods comprise administering an antiviraity effective amount of chioroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering an antivirally effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject, in still anther embodiment the methods comprise administering an antivirally effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject, !n still another embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the methods comprise administering an antivirai!y effective amount of chioroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an antivirally effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering an antivirally effective amount of chioroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an anitviraHy effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering an antivirally effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an antivirally effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- the methods comprise administering an antivirally effective amount of chioroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an antivirally effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and an anitviraHy effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the subject.
- Another aspect of the invention generally concerns pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of a papillomavirus infection in a human or mammalian host by inhibiting replication of the virus.
- the compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of chioroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- compositions comprise a therapeutically effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with a therapeutically effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a therapeutically effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- Another aspect of the invention generally concerns methods for the treatment of a papillomavirus infection in a cell of human or mammalian origin, as well as methods of inhibiting the replication of a papiliomavirus in a cell of human or mammalian origin infected with such a virus.
- the methods comprise exposing the cell to an antivirally effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in another embodiment the methods comprise exposing the cell to an antivirally effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in yet another embodiment the methods comprise exposing the cell to an antivirally effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceuticaiiy acceptable salt thereof, !n stiil another embodiment of this aspect of the invention, the methods comprise exposing the ceil to an antiviraily effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an antiviraily effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the methods comprise exposing the ceil to an antiviraily effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceuticaiiy acceptable salt thereof together with an antiviraily effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in still another embodiment, the methods comprise exposing the cell to an antiviraily effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an antiviraily effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the methods comprise exposing the ceil to an antiviraily effective amount of chloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with an antiviraily effective amount of hydroxychloroquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and an antiviraily effective amount of amodiaquine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the present invention resides in the discovery that the known compounds chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, all of which have been used previously as antimalarial agents and/or to treat disorders of the immune system, also have utility in treating infections of the human and other mammalian papillomaviruses, and in particular, in treating and in inhibiting replication of such viruses and in removing the warts associated with such infections, as well as in preventing the recurrence of such warts.
- Chloroquine is commercially available as the pharmaceutically acceptable salt chloroquine phosphate, and may be purchased in solid (tablet) form from a wide variety of sources such as Ohm Laboratories, inc. of North Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A., while a ready-made aqueous solution may be purchased from a wide variety of sources, including Sal Parenterals (P) Ltd., of Hyserabad, India, or Scott Edii Pharmacia Ltd., of Jhannajri. India.
- Hydroxychloroquine in solid (tablet) form, is commercially available as the pharmaceutically acceptable salt hydroxychloroquine sulphate, and may be purchased from a wide variety of sources such as West-Ward Pharmaceutical Corporation of Eatontown, NJ, U.S.A.
- Amodiaquine, in solid (tablet) form is commercially available as the pharmaceutically acceptable salt amodiaquine hydrochloride, and may be purchased from a wide variety of sources, including Parke, Davis & Company, a division of Pfizer inc., headquartered in New York, NY, U.S.A.
- compositions of the invention comprise either chloroquine (Formula I) alone or hydroxychloroquine (Formuia II) alone or amodtaquine (Formula 111) alone as the active ingredient, or either chloroquine combined with hydroxychloroquine, or chloroquine combined with amodiaquine, or hydroxychloroquine combined with amodiaquine, or chloroquine combined with both hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine, as the active ingredients, in general, as mentioned above and as set forth in further detail below, the methods of the invention comprise, in the preferred embodiments, administering the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprising the active ingredient or ingredients to a mammal such as a human being using one or more of the preferred routes of administration, which include direct topical (epicutaneous) administration, in forms such as get.
- routes of administration which include direct topical (epicutaneous) administration, in forms such as get.
- transdermal administration in the form of a patch
- transmucosai administration also known as pharmaceutical pessary delivery
- vagina or rectum in the form, for example, of an ovule or a suppository, respectively
- respiratory administration such as delivery via inhalation through the nostrils and nasal passages of aerosol droplets produced, for example, with the aid of a nebulizer
- infusion under the skin in the form of an intra-epiderma! injection in the form of a patch
- transmucosai administration also known as pharmaceutical pessary delivery
- aerosol droplets produced, for example, with the aid of a nebulizer
- infusion under the skin in the form of an intra-epiderma! injection in the form of a patch
- transmucosai administration also known as pharmaceutical pessary delivery
- vagina or rectum in the form, for example, of an ovule or a suppository, respectively
- respiratory administration such as delivery via in
- compositions and methods of the invention will be illustratively described hereinafter with reference to topical, transdermal and infusiona! routes of administration, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific cases described, but extends also to the use of other compatible routes for administering pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention, as will be evident to those skilled in the art, including but not limited to other topical and/or parenteral routes, such as buccal, conjunctival, endotracheal, intramuscular, intravascular, laryngeal, or ophthalmic, or even enteral (oral) routes, any one or more of which may ultimately be found to be more preferable.
- topical and/or parenteral routes such as buccal, conjunctival, endotracheal, intramuscular, intravascular, laryngeal, or ophthalmic, or even enteral (oral) routes, any one or more of which may ultimately be found to be more preferable.
- Suitable formulations for any route of administration that is ultimately selected are known and are described in well-known texts, including for example Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 21 st edition, 2005, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA. and therefore such formulations may easily be prepared by those of ordinary skill in the art.
- compositions of the invention comprising chioroquine as the only active ingredient are to be administered topically (epicutaneous!y), in the form of either a gel or a spray
- the compositions preferably comprise chioroquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise ethyl alcohol and peppermint spirit .oil, and the gel form may additionally comprise iidocaine jel!y or ointment, while the spray form may additionally comprise Iidocaine as a 2% solution. All of the non-active ingredients are conventional and are available commercially from a wide variety of sources.
- non-active ingredients are exemplary only, but are included for the following purposes; the iidocaine functions as an analgesic, the ethyl alcohol functions as an antiseptic, while the peppermint spirit oil functions to provide a pleasing odor.
- a particuSarly preferred composition for the gel form may be prepared from the starting ingredients set forth below:
- Peppermint spirit oil 2.5 ml
- this composition is prepared by crushing the chioroquine phosphate tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non-active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of approximately 30 gm of the gel or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, while the spray form may then be transferred into a conventional spray bottle,
- the gei form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient as follows.
- the affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be filed lightly for approximately 30 seconds with a conventional nai! filing device or instrument (which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops); only warts that appear on the toes, fingers, elbows, knees and other hard surfaces of the patient's skin should be filed, whereas warts appearing on soft tissues, such as the genitalia or in the oral cavity, need not (and should not) be filed.
- This filing although optional, is preferred since such filing accelerates removal of the wart(s) by improving the contact between the wart and the medication.
- an amount of the gel approximately equal to the surface area of each wart is applied to the affected area, after which that area may optionally be covered with a sterile bandage.
- the gel form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, although the dosage is preferably two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daily.
- compositions of the invention comprising chioroquine as the only active ingredient are to be administered transdermal ⁇
- a patch approximately 3.5 gm of the gei form (prepared as described above) may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3.5 mini-patch.
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the gel form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can also be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- compositions of the invention comprising chloroquine as the only active ingredient
- the compositions preferably comprise an aqueous solution of chloroquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise diphenhydramine, lidocaine solution and epinephrine.
- a particularly preferred composition is set forth below:
- each milliliter of the chloroquine phosphate solution contains 64.5 rng B P. (British Pharmacopia) of chloroquine phosphate, which is equivalent to 40 mg of chloroquine.
- A!! of the non-active ingredients are conventional and are available commercially from a wide variety of sources.
- the non-active ingredients are included for the following purposes: the lidocaine functions as a local anaesthetic, the diphenhydramine functions as an antihistimine to decrease any possible allergic reaction to the active ingredient, while the epinephrine functions to constrict small blood vessels.
- this composition is prepared by mixing the active ingredient with the non-active ingredients (in any sequence), so as to yield a sufficient amount of the injectable form of the medication to fill a 30 ml vial.
- the injectable form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient as follows. Tuberculin syringes, each having a capacity of 3 ml to 5 ml, are used to withdraw aiiquots of 0.5 mi to 1 mi from the 30 ml vial. This amount !s then injected (with appropriate sterilization) into or beneath the base of each wart or infected area, once a day for 5-7 days, until disappearance of the wart(s) or infection.
- administration by injection is the fastest-acting route of administration for the medication, it is the preferred route of administration only for warts or infections appearing in one or more body cavities or on the hard surfaces of the skin, such as the toes or other parts of the foot, the fingers or other parts of the hand, the elbows and the knees; it is not the preferred route of administration for warts appearing on the male genitalia.
- preparation of an injectable form has been described above only with respect to compositions of the invention comprising chloroquine as the sole active ingredient, those of ordinary skii!
- compositions of the invention comprising hydroxychloroquine alone oramodiaquine alone, and including those comprising more than one of the three active ingredients.
- the compositions of the invention comprising hydroxychloroquine as the only active ingredient are to be administered topically (epicutaneousiy), in the form of either a gel or a spray, the compositions preferably comprise hydroxychloroquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non- active ingredients may comprise ethyl alcohol and peppermint spirit oil
- the gel form may additionally comprise lidocaine jelly or ointment
- the spray form may additionally comprise lidocaine as a 2% solution.
- a particularly preferred composition for the gel form may be prepared from the starting ingredients set forth below:
- Peppermint spirit oil 2.5 ml
- this composition is prepared by crushing the hydroxychloroquine sulphate tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non-active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of about 30 gm of the gel or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, while the spray form maythen be transferred into a conventional spray bottie.
- the gel form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient topically as follows.
- the affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be filed for approximately 30 seconds with a conventional nail filing device or instrument (which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops); only warts that appear on the toes, fingers, elbows, knees and other hard surfaces of the patient's skin should be filed, whereas warts appearing on soft tissues, such as the genitalia or in the oral cavity, need not (and should not) be filed.
- This filing although optional, is preferred since such filing accelerates removal of the wart(s).
- an amount of the gel approximately equal to the surface area of each wart (or an amount equal to the surface area of the tip of a finger) is applied to the affected area, after which that area may optionally be covered with a sterile bandage.
- the gel form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, although the dosage for the spray form is preferably two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daily.
- compositions of the invention comprising hydroxychloroquine as the only active ingredient are to be administered transdermaiSy
- approximately 3,5 gm of the gel form may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3.5 mini-patch .
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the ge! form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can a!so be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- compositions of the invention comprising amodiaquine as the only active ingredient are to be administered topically (epicutaneousiy), in the form of either a gel or a spray
- the compositions preferably comprise amodiaquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise ethyl alcohol and peppermint spirit oil
- the gel form may additionally comprise lidocaine jelly or ointment
- the spray form may additionally comprise lidocaine as a 2% solution.
- a particularly preferred composition for the gel form is set forth below;
- this composition is prepared by crushing the amodiaquine hydrochloride tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non -active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of approximately 30 gm of the gel or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, while the spray form may then be transferred into a conventional spray bottle.
- the gel form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient as follows. The affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be filed lightly for approximately 30 seconds with a conventional nai!
- the gel form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, aithough the dosage is preferably two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daily.
- compositions of the invention comprising amodiaquine as the only active ingredient are to be administered transdermal!/
- in the form of a patch approximately 3.5 gm of the gei form (prepared as described above) may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3.5 mini-patch.
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the gel form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can also be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- the compositions of the invention comprising chioroquine in combination with hydroxychloroquine as the active ingredients are to be administered topically (epicutaneousiy), in the form of either a gel or a spray, the compositions preferably comprise chioroquine and hydroxychloroquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise ethyl alcohol and peppermint spirit oil
- the gel form may additionally comprise iidocaine jelly or ointment
- the spray form may additionally comprise Iidocaine as a 2% solution.
- a particularly preferred composition for the gel form is set forth below:
- Peppermint spirit oil 2.5 ml
- this composition is prepared by crushing the chioroquine phosphate tablets together with the hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non-active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of about 30 gm of the gel or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, white the spray form may then be transferred into a conventional spray bottle.
- the gel form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient as follows.
- the affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be fiied for approximateiy 30 seconds with a conventionai nail filing device or instrument (which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops); only warts that appear on the toes, fingers, elbows, knees and other hard surfaces of the patient's skin should be filed, whereas warts appearing on soft tissues, such as the genitalia or in the oral cavity, need not (and should not) be filed.
- a conventionai nail filing device or instrument which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops
- an amount of the gel approximately equal to the surface area of each wart is applied to the affected area, after which that area may optionally be covered with a sterile bandage.
- the gel form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, although the dosage is preferably two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daily.
- compositions of the invention comprising chloroquine in combination with hydroxychloroquine as the active ingredients are to be administered transdermally.
- a patch approximately 3.5 gm of the gel form (prepared as described above) may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3.5 mini-patch.
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the gel form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can also be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- compositions of the invention comprising chloroquine in combination with amodiaquine as the active ingredients are to be administered topically (epicutaneously), in the form of either a gel or a spray
- the compositions preferably comprise chloroquine and amodiaquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise ethyl alcohol and peppermint spirit oil
- the gel form may additionally comprise lidocaine jelly or ointment
- the spray form may additionally comprise lidocaine as a 2% solution.
- a particularly preferred composition for the gel form may be prepared from the starting ingredients set forth below:
- Peppermint spirit oil 2.5 ml
- this composition is prepared by crushing the chloroquine phosphate tablets together with the amodiaquine hydrochloride tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non-active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of about 30 grn of the gel or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, while the spray form may then be transferred into a conventional spray bottle.
- the ge! form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient as follows.
- the affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be filed for approximateiy 30 seconds with a conventional nail filing device or instrument (which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops); only warts that appear on the toes, fingers, elbows, knees and other hard surfaces of the patient's skin should be filed, whereas warts appearing on soft tissues, such as the genitalia or in the oral cavity, need not (and should not) be filed.
- a conventional nail filing device or instrument which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops
- an amount of the gel approximately equal to the surface area of each wart is applied to the affected area, after which that area may optionally be covered with a sterile bandage.
- the gel form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, although the dosage is preferably two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daily.
- compositions of the invention comprising chloroqutne in combination with amodiaquine as the active ingredients are to be administered transdermaily
- a patch approximately 3.5 gm of the gel form (prepared as described above) may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3.5 mini-patch.
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the gel form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can also be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- compositions of the invention comprising hydroxychloroquine in combination with amodiaquine as the active ingredients are to be administered topically (epicutaneously), in the form of esther a gel or a spray, the compositions preferably comprise hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine plus optional non- active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise ethyl alcohol and peppermint spirit oil
- the gel form may addiiionaHy comprise lidocaine jelly or ointment
- the spray form may additionally comprise lidocaine as a 2% solution.
- a particularly preferred composition for the gel form may be prepared from the starting ingredients set forth below:
- Peppermint spirit oil 2.5 ml
- this composition is prepared by crushing the hydroxychloroquine sulphate tablets together with the amodiaquine hydrochloride tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non-active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of about 30 gm of the gel or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, while the spray form may then be transferred into a conventional spray bottle.
- the gel form of this medication is preferabiy administered to a patient as follows.
- the affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be filed for approximately 30 seconds with a conventional nail filing device or instrument (which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops); only warts that appear on the toes, fingers, elbows, knees and other hard surfaces of the patient's skin should be filed, whereas warts appearing on soft tissues, such as the genitalia or in the oral cavity, need not (and should not) be filed, This filing, although optional, is preferred since such filing accelerates removal of the wart(s) Thereafter, an amount of the gel approximately equal to the surface area of each wart (or an amount equal to the surface area of the tip of a finger) is applied to the affected area, after which that area may optionally be covered with a sterile bandage.
- the gel form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, although the dosage is preferabiy two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daiiy.
- compositions of the invention comprising hydroxychloroquine in combination with amodiaquine as the active ingredients are to be administered transderma!ly.
- a patch approximately 3.5 gm of the gel form (prepared as described above) may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3,5 mini-patch.
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the gel form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can also be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- compositions of the invention comprising chloroquine in combination with both hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine as the active ingredients are to be administered topicaiiy (epicutaneousfy), in the form of either a gel or a spray
- the compositions preferably comprise chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine plus optional non-active ingredients.
- the non-active ingredients may comprise ethyl aicoho! and peppermint spirit oil
- the gel form may additionally comprise lidocaine jelly or ointment
- the spray form may additionaliy comprise lidocasne as a 2% solution.
- a particularly preferred composition is set forth below:
- this composition is prepared by crushing the chloroquine phosphate tablets together with both the hydroxychloroquine sulphate tablets and the amodiaquine hydrochloride tablets in a mortar, and then adding each of the non-active ingredients, in the sequence listed above, sufficient to make a total of about 30 gm of the gei or spray.
- the gel form may then be transferred to a tube or other appropriate container, while the spray form may then be transferred into a conventional spray bottle.
- the gel form of this medication is preferably administered to a patient as follows.
- the affected areas are first cleaned with one or more alcohol swabs, and optionally, each wart to be treated may then be filed for approximately 30 seconds with a conventional nail filing device or instrument (which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops): only warts that appear on the toes, fingers, elbows, knees and other hard surfaces of the patient's skin should be filed, whereas warts appearing on soft tissues, such as the genitalia or in the oral cavity, need not (and should not) be filed.
- a conventional nail filing device or instrument which can be purchased from a variety of sources, including beauty supply shops
- This filing although optional, is preferred since such filing accelerates removal of the wart(s) Thereafter, an amount of the gel approximately equal to the surface area of each wart (or an amount equal to the surface area of the tip of a finger) is applied to the affected area, after which that area may optionally be covered with a sterile bandage.
- the gei form is preferably administered to the patient in the foregoing manner once or twice a day, for approximately one to four weeks, until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the spray form of this medication Is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner, although the dosage is preferably two puffs applied to the affected areas once or twice daily.
- compositions of the invention comprising chloroquine in combination with both hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine as the active ingredients are to be administered transdermal ⁇
- approximately 3.5 gm of the gel form may be transferred to the pad of a conventional 3.5 mini-patch.
- This form of the medication is preferably administered to a patient in the same manner as the gel form, although the dosage for the patch form preferably constitutes applying a patch to each affected area once a day, and replacing it with a fresh patch once every 24 hours (approximately), until disappearance of the wart(s).
- the patch form can also be used to cover the scars left after conventional surgical removal of a wart, with replacement every other day, in order to prevent re-growth of the wart.
- a juvenile male specifically a 12-year old boy of Hispanic ancestry, was observed as having warts on three out of five fingers of the right hand. These warts were first filed in the manner set forth above for better contact with the medication, and they were then treated with a composition in gel form containing hydroxychloroquine as the only active ingredient (prepared in the manner set forth above for such compositions).
- This gel composition was applied to each of the warts, in an amount approximately equal to the surface area of each wart, once or twice a day for approximately one week, following which it was observed that all of the warts had disappeared completely, without leaving any visible scarring.
- Exampie 2 is a composition in gel form containing hydroxychloroquine as the only active ingredient
- Example 1 Another juvenile male, specifically a 15-year old boy also of Hispanic ancestry, presented with warts on his fingers.
- the same composition as in Example 1 was applied, in the same manner and with the same frequency as in Example l and after approximately one week of such treatments, similar results were observed: that is, ail of the warts had disappeared compietely, without leaving any visible scarring.
- Example i An adult male, specifically a 55-year old man of Hispanic ancestry, was observed to have genital warts, specifically, warts scattered about the skin of the scrotum.
- the same composition as in Example i was applied, in the same manner and with the same frequency as in Example 1 , and after approximately one week of such treatments it was observed that 50% of the mass of the warts had disappeared. Thereafter, the patient switched to treatments with a composition in gel form containing chioroquine as the only active ingredient (prepared in the manner set forth above for such compositions), and after two days of similar twice-daily treatments with the latter composition, it was observed that the remaining 50% of the mass of the warts had disappeared.
- the female patient switched to treatments with a composition in gel form containing chloroquine and amodiaquine as the active ingredients (prepared in the manner set forth above for such compositions), and after approximately two weeks of similar twice-daily treatments with the latter composition, she reported that the warts had disappeared.
- Example 1 Another adult male, specifically a 36-year old man of Hispanic ancestry, was observed as having warts on one of his fingers.
- the same composition as in Example 1 was applied, in the same manner and with the same frequency as in Example 1 and after two days of such treatments, similar results were observed; that is, all of the warts had disappeared completely, without any visible scarring.
- a juvenile female specifically a 15-year old girl of Nigerian ancestry, was observed as having two plantar warts (located on the bottom of her right foot). These warts were treated with a composition in gel form containing chloroqine and hydroxychloroquine as the active ingredients ⁇ prepared in the manner set forth above for such compositions).
- This gel composition was applied to each of the warts, in an amount approximately equal to the surface area of each wart, and the area was then covered with an adhesive bandage, once a day for three weeks, following which it was observed that both warts had disappeared completely, leaving the skin flat. This patient was observed as never having a recurrence of the warts.
- compositions of the present invention are highly active in inhibiting replication of the human papillomavirus.
- Tests were conducted to assess the activity of each of chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and amodiaquine, as compared with the activity of cidofovir, a known inhibitor of replication of the human papillomavirus ("HPV").
- vectors for expression of an HPV genotype- matched set of viral E1 and E2 proteins (derived from virus strain HPV-1 1 ) along with an HPV ori-containing plasmid were cotransfected into HEK293 cells.
- the cells were cultured in the absence or presence of the test compounds (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and amodiaquine), each at 1 , 10, and 100 ⁇ concentrations.
- Low molecular weight DNA was harvested 2 days post- transfection and digested with Dpn 1 and exonuclease HI to remove unrepiicated transfected plasmid DNA.
- the replicated DNA was then subjected to real time qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction) analyses in triplicate.
- Two controls were performed. One was to omit the E1 expression vector to provide a background amount of undigested and unrepiicated DNA.
- the other, positive control was treatment with the known inhibitor cidofovir, as mentioned above, A toxicity assay based upon cell viability at the time of harvest on day 2 was performed alongside each transient replication assay in 293 cells, The test compounds were added 4 hours post transfection for a total exposure of 44 hours. More than 1 x 10 s ceils were scored in a BioRad Automatic Cell Counter, with a determination of the total numbers, the numbers of trypan blue stained (dead) ceils, and the % of dead cells.
- the present invention comprises treatment methods and compositions that can treat infections caused by the human papillomavirus and can remove warts associated with that virus and prevent the recurrence of such warts, all by inhibiting replication of the virus. It is also believed that the removal of such warts, particularly the rectal and genital warts and those found in the oral cavity associated with the sexually transmitted types of the human papillomavirus, will reduce the risk of spreading that virus, and will therefore subsequently reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with cervical. vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, rectal and/or oropharyngeal cancers.
- compositions and methods of the present invention can be used as a prophyiactic treatment, to provide protection during sexual intercourse from infections of the human papiliomavirus for individuals who have not yet been infected.
- compositions and methods of the present invention may also be effective to treat infections in other mammalian species, caused by non-human papillomaviruses that may be specific to such species, and may be effective to remove warts associated with those viruses and to prevent the recurrence of such warts, all by inhibiting the replication of such non- human papillomaviruses in the same manner as with the human papillomavirus.
- Ail papillomaviruses regardless of type or the species they infect, need to modulate the host's immune system, which is accomplished with three viral proteins, designated E5, E8 and E7, which slightly modify the host's cells, making it difficult for the host's immune system to fight back.
- compositions and methods of the present invention will be effective to treat infections of non-human papillomaviruses in other mammalian species, and to inhibit the replication of papillomaviruses in such species.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/540,749 US20140011837A1 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Compositions and methods for treating warts associated with viral infections |
US13/687,273 US20140011838A1 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-11-28 | Compositions and methods for treating warts associated with viral infections |
US13/932,445 US20140011839A1 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-07-01 | Compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting viral infections |
PCT/US2013/049046 WO2014008248A2 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-07-02 | Compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting viral infections |
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EP2869821A2 true EP2869821A2 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
EP2869821A4 EP2869821A4 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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EP13813787.2A Withdrawn EP2869821A4 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2013-07-02 | Compositions and methods for treating and inhibiting viral infections |
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EP (1) | EP2869821A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104703601A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2927146A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014008248A2 (en) |
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ES2544153B1 (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2016-06-06 | Ntd Labs, S.L. | Use of a casein hydrolyzate as an antiviral agent |
CN104352495A (en) * | 2014-11-15 | 2015-02-18 | 广州凯普生物科技有限公司 | Medicine for treating wart diseases |
US11571416B2 (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2023-02-07 | Kagoshima University | Amodiaquine analogs and methods of uses thereof |
WO2020033329A1 (en) | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-13 | Nielsen Biosciences, Inc. | Treatment of warts |
CN109288816B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-11-22 | 广州凯普医药科技有限公司 | A kind of chloroquine gel and its preparation method and application |
CN110917196B (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2020-06-05 | 广州康健医学科技有限公司 | Chloroquine antibacterial disinfectant and application thereof |
CN112089841A (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-12-18 | 徐静 | Pharmaceutical composition for treating diseases caused by virus infection of epithelial tissues |
CN114848642A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-08-05 | 广州康健医学科技有限公司 | Application of chloroquine phosphate in preparation of medicine for preventing and treating high-risk HPV infection, cervical cancer precursor lesion and cervical cancer |
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AU2008287542C1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2015-01-22 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Treatment of viral infections by modulation of host cell metabolic pathways |
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2013
- 2013-07-02 CN CN201380045847.5A patent/CN104703601A/en active Pending
- 2013-07-02 EP EP13813787.2A patent/EP2869821A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-07-02 WO PCT/US2013/049046 patent/WO2014008248A2/en active Application Filing
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CA2927146A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
WO2014008248A3 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
CN104703601A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
EP2869821A4 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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