EP2865977A1 - Procédé de décomposition à basse température de l'air, installation de décomposition à basse température de l'air et procédé de fabrication d'une installation de décomposition à basse température de l'air - Google Patents

Procédé de décomposition à basse température de l'air, installation de décomposition à basse température de l'air et procédé de fabrication d'une installation de décomposition à basse température de l'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2865977A1
EP2865977A1 EP20130005244 EP13005244A EP2865977A1 EP 2865977 A1 EP2865977 A1 EP 2865977A1 EP 20130005244 EP20130005244 EP 20130005244 EP 13005244 A EP13005244 A EP 13005244A EP 2865977 A1 EP2865977 A1 EP 2865977A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure column
low
main condenser
space
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP20130005244
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anton Moll
Alexander Alekseev
Dimitri Goloubev
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP20130005244 priority Critical patent/EP2865977A1/fr
Publication of EP2865977A1 publication Critical patent/EP2865977A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04884—Arrangement of reboiler-condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
    • F25J3/04909—Structured packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
    • F25J3/04915—Combinations of different material exchange elements, e.g. within different columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
    • F25J3/04915—Combinations of different material exchange elements, e.g. within different columns
    • F25J3/04921—Combinations of different material exchange elements, e.g. within different columns within the same column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04957—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipments upstream of the fractionation unit (s), i.e. at the "front-end"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04963—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipment within or downstream of the fractionation unit(s)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the cryogenic separation of air according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the distillation column system of the invention may be designed as a classical double column system, but also as a three or more column system. It may have, in addition to the columns for nitrogen-oxygen separation, other devices for obtaining other air components, in particular noble gases, for example an argon recovery.
  • the main capacitor is formed in the invention as a condenser-evaporator.
  • condenser-evaporator refers to a heat exchanger in which a first condensing fluid stream undergoes indirect heat exchange with a second evaporating fluid stream.
  • Each condenser-evaporator has a liquefaction space and an evaporation space, which consist of liquefaction passages or evaporation passages. In the liquefaction space, the condensation (liquefaction) of a first fluid flow is performed, in the evaporation space the evaporation of a second fluid flow. Evaporation and liquefaction space are formed by groups of passages that are in heat exchange relationship with each other.
  • the distillation column system of an air separation plant is arranged in one or more cold boxes.
  • a "cold box” is here understood to mean an insulating casing which comprises a heat-insulated interior completely with outer walls; in the interior are arranged to be isolated plant parts, for example, one or more separation columns and / or heat exchangers.
  • the insulating effect can be effected by appropriate design of the outer walls and / or by the filling of the gap between system parts and outer walls with an insulating material. In the latter variant, a powdery material such as perlite is preferably used.
  • Both the distillation column system for nitrogen-oxygen separation of a cryogenic air separation plant and the main heat exchanger and other cold plant parts must be enclosed by one or more cold boxes.
  • the outer dimensions of the coldbox usually determine the transport dimensions of the package in prefabricated systems.
  • the invention has for its object to provide such a method, a corresponding device and a suitable manufacturing method, which have high capacity, relatively low investment costs and a comparatively small space requirement.
  • a single main condenser supplies all four columns with reflux liquid.
  • the columns are connected in pairs in parallel, resulting in a particularly high capacity with limited column diameter.
  • the evaporation space of Hauptkondensstors also be acted upon with liquid. This is done in the invention, for example, by the fact that both a first liquid oxygen stream from the first low-pressure column and a second liquid oxygen stream from the second low-pressure column are introduced into the evaporation space of the main capacitor.
  • the mass transfer elements of the high-pressure columns are formed by conventional sieve trays.
  • At least four, in particular all five, of said elements of the distillation column system are arranged one above the other, as shown in claims 3 and 4.
  • An arrangement of two elements "one above the other" is understood here to mean that the upper end of the lower of the two elements is at a lower geodesic height than the lower end of the upper of the two elements and the projections of the two elements overlap in a horizontal plane.
  • the two elements are arranged exactly one above the other, that is, the axes of the two columns run on the same vertical line.
  • all elements arranged one above the other have the same vertical axis.
  • the main capacitor is arranged in the bottom region of the first low-pressure column.
  • the main condenser is below the mass transfer elements of the first low-pressure column in the same container as this.
  • the main condenser is arranged in a separate container from the first low-pressure column, which is located, for example, between the first low-pressure column and the first high-pressure column or adjacent to these two columns.
  • the first and the second high-pressure column can be supplied separately with air via two strands.
  • both are supplied via a common air line, which delivers a total compressed air flow, which is branched into at least two compressed air streams, wherein the first compressed air sub-stream is introduced into the first high-pressure column and the second compressed air sub-stream in the second high-pressure column.
  • the four columns of the distillation column system then have only one strand for air compression, purification and cooling.
  • the second low-pressure column, the first low-pressure column, the main condenser, the first high-pressure column and the second high-pressure column are arranged in a common coldbox.
  • the invention also relates to a device according to claim 8 and a method for producing a cryogenic air separation plant according to claim 9.
  • the device according to the invention can be supplemented by device features which correspond to the features of the dependent method claims.
  • the distillation column system of the embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 shown. It has a first high-pressure column 101, a second high-pressure column 201, a first Low pressure column 102, a second low-pressure column 202 and a main capacitor 103, which is formed by a six-stage cascade evaporator.
  • a total compressed air flow 1 is brought up. This was, as usual in the air separation, compressed in a main air compressor, cleaned in a cleaning device and cooled in a main heat exchanger to about dew point. (These steps are not shown in the drawing.)
  • the total compressed air flow 1 is branched into a first compressed air sub-stream 100 and a second compressed air sub-stream 200.
  • the first compressed air sub-stream 100 is introduced into the first high-pressure column 101, the second compressed air sub-stream 200 into the second high-pressure column 201.
  • the main condenser has a uniform liquefaction space and a uniform evaporation space, ie these spaces are not subdivided into one or more liquefaction subspaces and / or evaporation subspaces, as in other exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • a first nitrogen gas stream 104 from the first high-pressure column 101 and a second nitrogen gas stream 204 from the second high-pressure column 201 are introduced via line 114 into the liquefaction space of the main condenser 103.
  • liquid nitrogen 115 is generated in the liquefaction space of the main condenser 103. From the liquid nitrogen 115, a first liquid nitrogen stream 105 to the first high-pressure column 101 and a second liquid nitrogen stream 205 to the second high-pressure column 201 are branched off.
  • a first liquid oxygen stream 106 from the first low-pressure column 102 flows from the lower end of the lowermost mass transfer layer 107 of the first low-pressure column 102 and is thereby introduced into the evaporation space of the main condenser 103.
  • a second liquid oxygen stream from the bottom of the second low-pressure column 202 is introduced into the evaporation space of the main condenser 103 via a line, not shown.
  • gaseous oxygen is formed. It is introduced to a first part as the first oxygen gas stream 108 in the first low-pressure column 102 by flowing from below into the bottom mass transfer layer 107 of the first low-pressure column 102.
  • a second part is introduced via a line as a second oxygen gas stream 208 in the second low-pressure column 202.
  • the return liquids 109, 209 for the two low-pressure columns 102, 202 are formed by a nitrogen-enriched liquid 20, which is pressed by a pump 21 through a supercooling countercurrent 22 and a line 23.
  • the nitrogen-rich liquid 20 can be withdrawn at both high-pressure columns 101, 201 from an intermediate point or directly from the head and then combined (not shown).
  • impure nitrogen 110, 210 is withdrawn and passed via the residual gas lines 31, 32 through the subcooling countercurrent 22 to the main heat exchanger, not shown.
  • each oxygen-enriched bottoms liquid stream cooled in the subcooling countercurrent 23 and introduced into the evaporation space of the top condenser or top condensers at least one crude argon column.
  • the bottoms can either be run separately or mixed before the supercooling countercurrent and then split.
  • Via the lines 111, 211, low-pressure columns 102, 202 are fed with liquid air at an intermediate point. This liquid slug originates from the main heat exchanger in which liquid pressurized oxygen 41 evaporates from the low pressure columns or (if the oxygen pressure is supercritical) is pseudo-vaporized.
  • liquid oxygen 41 is withdrawn from the evaporation space of the main condenser 103 and supplied to an internal compression, not shown.
  • the liquid oxygen is pumped to a high product pressure, vaporized or pseudo-evaporated under this high product pressure, warmed to about ambient temperature and finally stripped off as gaseous pressure oxygen product.
  • pressurized nitrogen is withdrawn via line 42 directly from the top of the high-pressure columns 101, 201, warmed in the main heat exchanger and recovered as a gaseous compressed nitrogen product.
  • a part 43 of the generated in the main capacitor 103 Liquid nitrogen supplied to an internal compression and recovered as a high-pressure gaseous nitrogen product.
  • EP 942246 A2 EP 1103772 A1 .
  • the mass transfer elements in the two low-pressure columns 102, 202 are formed exclusively by ordered packing.
  • the oxygen sections of the two low-pressure columns 102, 202 (area below the lines 113/213) are provided with an ordered packing having a specific surface area of 750 m 2 / m 3 or alternatively 1200 m 2 / m 3 , in the remaining sections the packing a specific surface area of 500 m 2 / m 3 .
  • the two low-pressure columns 10, 202 may have a nitrogen section above the mass transfer sections shown in the drawing; this is then filled with a packing having a specific surface area of 500 m 2 / m 3 or, alternatively, 1200 m 2 / m 3 .
  • the mass transfer elements in the specific example are formed exclusively by ordered packing with a specific surface area of 1200 m 2 / m 3 .
  • some or all of the mass transfer elements in one or both of the high pressure columns 101, 201 are formed by conventional distillation trays, for example through sieve trays.
  • the distillation column system of FIG. 1 alone form an air separation plant according to the invention.
  • a modified Embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 2 is a multi-stranded plant by two or more distillation column systems after FIG. 1 educated.
  • Each distillation column system is enclosed by its own Coldbox 301 and forms a strand of a distillation column system.
  • all four strands are identically constructed; alternatively, individual or all strands could be designed differently.
  • Each distillation column system is designed as it is in FIG. 1 is shown.
  • Each string has an atmospheric air inlet filter 302, a main air compressor 303, an air pre-cooler 304, an air cleaner 305 (typically formed by a pair of molecular sieve adsorbers), a Booster Air Compressor 306 with aftercooler 307, and an air cooler 306 Main heat exchanger 308 in its own coldbox 309; These devices are each independent of the other strands.
  • the post-compressed air in the reboiler 306 is liquefied (or pseudo-liquefied, if its pressure is supercritical) via line 311 to the distillation column system in the cold box 300 where it flows into the streams 111 and 112 of FIG FIG. 1 branched.
  • the further flow 1 emerging from the main heat exchanger 308 and the fluids 41, 42, 32 flowing to the warm end of the main heat exchanger 308 are as in FIG. 1 numbered.
  • the liquid oxygen 32 is vaporized or pseudo-evaporated in the main heat exchanger under high pressure (internal compression). All return streams are warmed in the main heat exchanger to about ambient temperature and withdrawn via the product lines P.
  • the hot part (air compression, pre-cooling and air purification) and / or the main heat exchanger may have a different number of strands than the distillation column system.
  • one distillation column system strand could be supplied by two main air compressor strands or two distillation column system strands from four main air compressor strands.
  • the concept of the invention can also be applied to a process without air recompression 306/307 (for example, with the total air compressed to more than 5 bar above the highest of the operating pressures of the two high pressure columns) or to processes with other elements such as a nitrogen cycle.
  • the refrigeration is in FIG. 2 not shown. Any known type of turbine circuit can be chosen, with one, two or more turbines.
  • the number of distillation column system strands can be reduced by the invention, for example from six to five or from five to four.

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  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP20130005244 2013-10-25 2013-11-07 Procédé de décomposition à basse température de l'air, installation de décomposition à basse température de l'air et procédé de fabrication d'une installation de décomposition à basse température de l'air Withdrawn EP2865977A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2476816A1 (fr) * 1980-02-26 1981-08-28 Kobe Steel Ltd Procede et installation de liquefaction et de separation d'air
DE3709588A1 (de) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-08 Voest Alpine Ag Vorrichtung zur zerlegung von gasen mittels koaxial ineinander angeordneter rektifikationskolonnen
US6128921A (en) * 1998-02-06 2000-10-10 L'air Liquide Air distillation plant comprising a plurality of cryogenic distillation units of the same type
EP2645033A1 (fr) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Paquet transportable avec boîtier frigorifique et procédé de fabrication d'une installation de décomposition de l'air à basse température

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2476816A1 (fr) * 1980-02-26 1981-08-28 Kobe Steel Ltd Procede et installation de liquefaction et de separation d'air
DE3709588A1 (de) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-08 Voest Alpine Ag Vorrichtung zur zerlegung von gasen mittels koaxial ineinander angeordneter rektifikationskolonnen
US6128921A (en) * 1998-02-06 2000-10-10 L'air Liquide Air distillation plant comprising a plurality of cryogenic distillation units of the same type
EP2645033A1 (fr) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Paquet transportable avec boîtier frigorifique et procédé de fabrication d'une installation de décomposition de l'air à basse température

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Dual LP Column with Argon", IP.COM JOURNAL, IP.COM INC., WEST HENRIETTA, NY, US, 24 November 2008 (2008-11-24), XP013127145, ISSN: 1533-0001 *
ALLAM ET AL: "Improved oxygen production technologies", ENERGY PROCEDIA, ELSEVIER, NL, vol. 1, no. 1, 1 February 2009 (2009-02-01), pages 461 - 470, XP026471909, ISSN: 1876-6102, [retrieved on 20090201], DOI: 10.1016/J.EGYPRO.2009.01.062 *

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