EP2864789A1 - Méthode de pronostic d'un lymphome et kit pour sa mise en uvre - Google Patents
Méthode de pronostic d'un lymphome et kit pour sa mise en uvreInfo
- Publication number
- EP2864789A1 EP2864789A1 EP13733241.7A EP13733241A EP2864789A1 EP 2864789 A1 EP2864789 A1 EP 2864789A1 EP 13733241 A EP13733241 A EP 13733241A EP 2864789 A1 EP2864789 A1 EP 2864789A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cd25s
- beads
- protein
- patient
- detection kit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/575—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57505—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer of the blood, e.g. leukaemia
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
- G01N2333/705—Assays involving receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- G01N2333/70596—Molecules with a "CD"-designation not provided for elsewhere in G01N2333/705
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/16—Ophthalmology
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new soluble CD25 assay kit, usable in a method of diagnosis and prognosis of progression of lymphoma including intraocular.
- intraocular lymphoma includes a heterogeneous set of tumor pathologies affecting the eye and manifested in most cases by posterior uveitis resistant to corticosteroid treatment. In all cases, it is a monoclonal lymphoid proliferation with an invasion of a targeted structure of the eye and according to the starting point of lymphoproliferation, there are primitive or secondary intraocular lymphomas.
- IOL Primary Intraocular Lymphoma
- PCNSL central nervous system
- Ocular involvement occurs with or without concomitant brain involvement and lymphoma cells preferentially invade the retina or vitreous. In the majority of cases, it is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell, high grade malignancy.
- PIOL is a rare lymphoma associating ocular and cerebral forms, of difficult diagnosis and putting at risk the patient's vital prognosis. In approximately 80% of cases it is chronic bilateral ocular involvement with subretinal or vitreous infiltration, but unilateral initial presentations are possible. A complication by a cerebral lymphoma is found in about 80% of the cases in the absence of treatment, and when the invasion is bifocal (eye and brain), one retains the term of oculo-cerebral lymphoma (LOC) (Peterson et al , Cancer, 1993 Aug 1, 72 (3): 843-9).
- LOC oculo-cerebral lymphoma
- PIOL chronic posterior uveitis
- the diagnosis is therefore difficult, often late, and requires a high degree of clinical suspicion on the part of the clinician who will have to be alerted in case of uveitis resistant to treatment with corticosteroids.
- the treatment of ocular lymphomas should have two goals: to eradicate the intraocular tumor and prevent relapses and brain complications.
- No optimal therapeutic management has been identified for the moment, the treatments being radiotherapy (irradiation ocular, the tumor being sensitive to treatment, but not curing: relapses are frequent and subsequent brain invasion is possible) or chemotherapy (the main difficulty resides in the lack of penetration of anti-cancer molecules across the blood-brain barrier. ocular), in particular local chemotherapy (intravitreous administration of methotrexate). which allows a long-term remission and can be repeated many times.
- the anterior chamber puncture is minimally invasive and performed first-line when a PIOL is suspected.
- the yield is low, the volume of the sample being about 10 ⁇ . It is mainly performed as part of the monitoring of treated PIOLs and for the detection of relapses because the sampling can be done at short time intervals.
- Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure performed under anesthesia, intended to partially or totally remove the vitreous body for diagnostic purposes. In practice, it is performed when the results of the PCA examination evoke a PIOL and must be done at a distance from a corticosteroid therapy in order to avoid a false negative result by lysis of the tumor cells.
- the vitreous is fragmented thanks to a vitreotome placed inside the eye, and the suction is compensated by a fluid intake (hypertonic saline solution, Borate Buffer Saline) to avoid the risk of ocular hypotonia.
- the first aspiration is considered to be “pure” vitreous, which should be preferred for the diagnostic cytokine assay.
- the following aspirations report "diluted” vitreous, which can be used for cytological examination.
- Retinal biopsy is performed when vitrectomy is not contributive.
- the T or B monoclonal character of the tumor cells can also be demonstrated by molecular analysis (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) making it possible to identify rearrangements in the majority of intraocular lymphoma cases (translocation between chromosomes 14 and 18 or [t (14; 18)], involving IGH and BCL-2 genes, reported in more than 67% of cases).
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) assays in aqueous vitreous and aqueous samples are now part of the systematically performed examinations and provide an almost indispensable argument for a diagnosis when intraocular lymphoma is suspected.
- tumor B cells secrete relatively high levels of IL-10 whereas inflammatory reaction cells produce IL-6.
- the determination of these two cytokines and the determination of their ratio therefore give a good idea of the tumor and inflammatory component involved in the pathological process (Merle-Béral et al., Br. J. Haematol, 2004 Feb; 124 (4): 469-73).
- IL-10 acts as a factor in tumor growth by promoting proliferation of B cell lymphomas (Beatty et al., J. Immunol 1997 May 1, 158 (9): 4045-51), and is produced by lymphoma cells at very high levels.
- Intraocular levels of IL-6 are elevated in uveitis and may be very important in progressive eye infections (toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, acute retinal necrosis related to varicella zoster virus) (Ongkosuwito et al., Invest. Ophthalmol, Vis, Sci 1998 Dec, 39 (13): 2659-65).
- IL-6 is an important mediator of intraocular inflammation (Hoekzema et al., Curr Eye Eye 1990, 9 Suppl: 207-1 1) because of its active role in the amplification of leukocyte recruitment, and its dosing in the ocular fluids makes it possible to make the differential diagnosis between a panuvéite of infectious, inflammatory or autoimmune origin and a pseudo-uveitis due to a PIOL (Cassoux et al., Invest Ophthalmol, Sci., 2007 Jul ; 48 (7): 3253-9).
- NL-10 and IL-6 are based on a sandwich-type ELISA test.
- Assays can be performed on aqueous humor or vitreous.
- the threshold of IL-10 in the aqueous humor for which the probability of PIOL is probable is 50 ng / mL, with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 93% (assay by ELISA test, Quantikine® kit, R & D System).
- the cutoff is 400 ⁇ g / mL with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 99% (Cassoux et al, op.cit.).
- the dilution of the vitreous humor taking place during the vitrectomy is a parameter to be taken into account for the interpretation of the results.
- the determination of the ratio between IL-10 and IL-6 makes it possible to overcome the effect of the dilution, each cytokine being diluted in the same proportions.
- An IL-10 / IL-6 ratio of greater than 1 suggests a lymphomatous process (Whitcup et al., Ophthalmol Arch., 1997 Sep; 1 (15): 1,157-60).
- the value of the ratio greater than 1 confirmed the diagnosis of PIOL in 74% of cases, with a sensitivity of 74.3% and a specificity of 74.7%.
- Cytometric Bead Array TM marketed by BD Biosciences.
- CBA TM Cytometric Bead Array TM
- This technique brings a real progress in the diagnosis of PIOL, because it offers the possibility of simultaneously detecting and quantifying several cytokines in a single, low volume sample, unlike the ELISA technique that is usually used as a sample-consuming device.
- the beads are homogeneous in size and structure but have a specific fluorescence intensity, defined by the manufacturer, easily identifiable with the cytometer by a point cloud well individualized on a dot plot representing the fluorescence in APC (Allophycocyanine) / APCCy7 (Allophycocyanin bound with cyanin-7 (Cy7), emitting by FRET, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer).
- APC Allophycocyanine
- APCCy7 Allophycocyanin bound with cyanin-7 (Cy7), emitting by FRET, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
- the APC is excited at 633nm. It emits, alone at 665nm, and works as a donor for the Cy7 when linked to it.
- the Cy7 emits at a wavelength of 767nm.
- each point cloud corresponding to a type of ball is associated with an alphanumeric position.
- Each type of ball is coupled to a cytokine-specific primary antibody, so that at each given position corresponds to a cytokine.
- the beads coupled to primary antibodies to capture IL-10 are positioned at B7.
- the complex After binding between the ball and the cytokine, the complex is revealed by the secondary antibody coupled to PE, whose fluorescence intensity allows the quantification of the cytokine of interest. This quantification requires the parallel production of a standard range established with a recombinant cytokine.
- the Applicant has thus evaluated the prognostic value of several intraocular soluble factors.
- the assay of these biomarkers was combined with those of IL-10 and IL-6 using the same flow cytometry (CBA TM) analysis technique, so that all these analytes could be assayed simultaneously.
- CBA TM flow cytometry
- CD25s or soluble IL-2 receptor
- MIP-1a Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 alpha
- RANTES RANTES
- the interleukin-2 receptor exists in two forms: a membrane form, located on the activated T, B and NK (Natural Killer) lymphocytes, and a free, detectable form in the serum.
- the membrane form is a heterotrimer consisting of three protein subunits: an IL-2Ra subunit (also called Ag Tac or CD25 or p55), an IL-2R3 subunit (p75) and an IL-2Ry subunit (p64).
- the ⁇ chain is a 55 kDa glycoprotein composed of 251 amino acids, 219 of which are extra cellular, and constitutes the specific recognition site for IL-2.
- This ⁇ chain is the result of an open reading phase leading to the production of a protein of 272 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 1), whose signal peptide of 21 amino acids is cleaved (Kuziel and Greene, J Invest Dermatol 1990 Jun; 94 (6 Suppl): 27S-32S).
- the free form of the receiver consists only of the chain a.
- This soluble part called ll-2Ras or CD25s, is a 45kDa protein, detectable in biological fluids and able to bind specifically to IL-2.
- This protein has three epitopic regions A, B and C.
- the Applicant has shown that the amount of CD25s in a patient's eye sample was a factor in anticipating the likelihood of a clinical course of the disease, and could also be used to refine the diagnosis in some cases. Moreover, the Applicant has also shown that certain other factors (IFNy, MIP-1a, RANTES) can also be used for diagnostic purposes and prognosis of PIOLs.
- IFNy IFNy, MIP-1a, RANTES
- the Applicant has therefore developed a kit for detecting CD25s, which is particularly useful by flow cytometry.
- this detection kit can be used in parallel with the detection of other analytes, including IL-10 and IL-6. It is indeed important that the detection of many factors can be performed simultaneously, because of the low volume present in the samples taken from patients.
- the Applicant has, for the first time, and without the results reported in the present application have been expected or predictable, demonstrated that CD25s was an important analyte to be assayed to make a prognosis of evolution of PIOL. The Applicant was therefore the first to ask the question of the interest of developing a test for the detection of this compound, which can be used for small sample volumes, and simultaneously with the detection of other compounds.
- the Applicant has, in particular, developed a detection system that can be used with the CBA TM system developed by BD Bioscience.
- the invention thus relates to a detection kit for CD25s comprising a set of beads emitting fluorescence under excitation at an excitation wavelength, said fluorescence emitted by said beads being at a wavelength of emission different from the excitation wavelength, each of the beads comprising, coupled to its surface, a plurality of antibodies directed against the CD25s protein.
- This kit is ideal for detecting CD25s in very small volumes, such as anterior chamber puncture (PCA) or pure vitreous specimen, and can also be used for simultaneous detection of other cytokines. Indeed, if the dosage is performed on the vitreous, it must be pure and undiluted so that the dosages are right but also must be used as little as possible for cytokines because it is necessary to keep equipment for other techniques diagnosis (cytology, immunolabeling, PCR clonality search).
- WO 2005/031001 describes the use of beads on which antibodies recognizing a CA protein are bound.
- this document provides no indication of the role of CD25s in PIOL, nor of the fact that beads fluorescing under excitation should be used.
- the wavelength of the fluorescence emitted, after excitation, by each of the balls of the assembly present in the kit is identical.
- the antibodies of the plurality of antibodies directed to the CD25s protein are all identical: this means that each of the beads present in the set of beads contains, on its surface, a plurality of copies of the same antibody directed against CD25s (ie having the same sequence).
- the plurality of antibodies directed against the CD25s protein is a plurality of monoclonal antibodies, i.e., the same monoclonal antibody recognizing CD25s is present, in many instances, at the surface of each of the balls.
- the antibodies of the plurality of antibodies directed to the CD25s protein are not all identical, but all recognize the same epitope (or domain) of the CD25s protein: this means that each of the beads present in the Bead set contains, on its surface, several identical antibodies against CD25s (that is, having the same sequence).
- the excitation wavelength is less than or equal to 650 nm. Preferably, this excitation wavelength is equal to 633 nm.
- the emission wavelength (which is detected after excitation) is greater than 655 nm. In particular, it can be equal to 660-665nm or 767-773nm.
- the 633nm wavelength corresponds to a wavelength permitting the excitation of allophycocyanin. This emits at a wavelength around 660nm, detectable with a 665nm filter.
- cyanine-7 When coupled to cyanine-7, cyanine 7 is indeed excited by the fluorescence emitted by allophycocyanin and then emits at 767nm or 773nm, detected at 767nm with a suitable filter.
- This radiation is based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer).
- said beads emit fluorescence at two different wavelengths. This is the case when the beads contain two fluorophores emitting at these two wavelengths.
- said emission wavelengths are 660-665 nm and 767-773 nm, which corresponds to beads containing both allophycocyanin and allophycocyanin coupled to cyanine-7.
- said beads contain both allophycocyanin and allophycocyanin coupled to cyanine-7, the amount and the ratio being identical for each of the beads.
- the passage of the beads in a flow cytometer, the excitation at a wavelength of 633 nm, and the collection of the amount of fluorescence emitted by the beads at 655 nm and 767 nm, makes it possible to observe, on a 2D diagram. (abscissa amount of APC fluorescence, ordered amount of fluorescence APCCy7), the beads at a specific position of this diagram.
- said beads are polystyrene microbeads. They preferably have a diameter of between 5 and 10 ⁇ , more preferably 7.5 ⁇ .
- said beads are silica beads (see US 20090068639).
- said detection kit also contains secondary antibodies capable of binding to CD25s.
- these secondary antibodies should be capable of binding to CD25 after binding of this protein to an antibody present on the surface of said beads. It is preferred that these secondary antibodies are bound to a fluorescent compound.
- the selected fluorochrome preferably has excitation and emission wavelengths different from those of the fluorochromes present in the beads.
- a fluorochrome having excitation and emission wavelengths of less than 600 nm is preferably chosen.
- PE phycoerythrin
- Those skilled in the art know other usable fluorochromes (listed in particular on wikipedia).
- the antibodies present on the surface of the beads all recognize the same epitope of the CD25s protein. In particular, it is preferred that they recognize the B epitope of the CD25s protein.
- secondary antibodies all recognize the same epitope or domain of CD25s. In particular, it is preferred that they recognize the epitope (domain) A of the CD25s protein.
- kit according to the invention also contains a recombinant human CD25s solution, which makes it possible to carry out more precise controls and quantifications.
- the detection kit comprises a) polystyrene microspheres, having in particular a diameter of about 7.5 ⁇ , containing a mixture of fluorophores Allophycocyanin -
- a cyanine-7-linked allophycocyanin said beads comprising, coupled to their surface, a plurality of murine monoclonal antibodies directed against the human CD25s B epitope
- This kit also optionally includes a recombinant human CD25s solution.
- the beads appear in A4 after passing through a BD FACSCanto TM II flow cytometer (BD Bioscience), and analysis by appropriate software such as FACSDiva (BD Bioscience). This means that the fluorescence emitted by the beads is similar or identical to the fluorescence emitted by the reference beads 558578 sold by BD Bioscience.
- any other beads can be chosen, in particular the balls A5, B4, B5, E5, E8, C8, D8 (BD Bioscience classification). All these beads are available from BD Bioscience. They differ only in the amount and ratio of APC and APCCY7 fluorochromes.
- the detection kit is used in flow cytometry to assay CD25s in a sample obtained from a patient.
- this sample is a vitreous or other intraocular sample, and at the same time other cytokines are measured.
- the detection kit may also contain at least one other set of beads, said beads comprising, coupled to their surface, a plurality of antibodies recognizing another protein than the CD25s protein, said beads emitting fluorescence under excitation at the same excitation wavelength than that exciting the beads for assaying CD25s, said fluorescence emitted by said beads being
- said other protein as the CD25s protein is selected from the group consisting of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10).
- beads containing the same fluorochromes are chosen as the beads intended for the detection of CD25s, but in different proportions and / or quantities.
- these beads of the second set will be localized, on the 2D diagram (abscissa APC fluorescence quantity, ordered amount of APCCy7 fluorescence), the beads at a specific position of this diagram which is different from that of the beads covered with anti- CD25s.
- the kit can thus contain several sets of beads, each intended for detecting and assaying a different protein, the beads of each set having a clean fluorescence profile and different from that of the beads of another set.
- kit allows simultaneous assay of IL-6 and IL-10 (in addition to CD25s).
- Bioscience for example under the reference 560484 (Human Th1 / Th2 / Th17 CBA Kit which includes beads for the simultaneous detection of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-2 10, IL-17A, IFN- ⁇ , and TNF), or cytokine by cytokine.
- reference 558274 IL-10, beads B7) or 558276 (IL-6, beads A7) from BD Bioscience.
- the kit thus described although it can be used in other applications, has been specifically designed for the implementation of the in vitro measurement (assay) of the amount (concentration) of CD25s in an eye sample in a patient . Indeed, as seen above, the Applicant has specifically developed this kit, in order to perform simultaneous assays of several cytokines in a very small sample, because of the interest of CD25s in the prognosis of primary intraocular lymphoma.
- the invention also relates to a prognostic method for intraocular lymphoma in a patient, comprising the step of measuring (in vitro) the amount of CD25s in an eye sample in said patient, a concentration of CD25s greater than 200 pg / ml in said sample being indicative of an unfavorable prognosis of progression of the disease in said patient.
- this eye sample is a vitreous sample.
- the concentration measured in vitro is then that actually present in vivo.
- the sample is not pure vitreous, it is then necessary to know the dilution to recalculate the effective concentration present in vivo.
- the concentration measured in vitro should be multiplied by two to be able to conclude.
- This measurement is especially carried out using the kit described above, which is particularly well suited to such use, having been developed for this purpose.
- this assay is preferably carried out by flow cytometry.
- Commercially available apparatuses such as two-laser cytometers developed by BD Bioscience can be used.
- “Adverse disease prognosis” means a high probability (greater than 50%) that the patient's disease presents at least one of the following changes:
- CD25 concentration greater than 200 ⁇ g / ml.
- an amount of CD25s greater than 500 ⁇ g / ml in the ocular sample is indicative of a high probability of having a relapse within one year of stopping treatment.
- a CD25 concentration of less than 125 ⁇ g / ml, or even 150 ⁇ g / ml in the ocular sample is indicative of a high probability of complete remission.
- an amount of IL-6 greater than 50 ⁇ g / ml is indicative of an unfavorable prognosis of disease progression.
- an amount of IL-6 greater than 100 ⁇ g / ml in the ocular sample is indicative of a high probability of having a relapse within one year of stopping treatment.
- the in vitro measurement step of the amount of CD25s is preferably carried out using a kit as described above.
- Figure 1 Representation of the alphanumeric position of the beads carrying the antibodies intended to detect cytokines according to the standard developed by BD Bioscience for the CBA TM technique, in APC / APC-Cy7 representation
- Figure 2 Summary of clinical information obtained for 25 IOL patients.
- Figure 3 Intravitreal concentration of CD25s measured in patients in complete or refractory treatment-refractory (A.) who relapsed within one year after discontinuation (relapse ⁇ 1 year) or more than one year after discontinuation of treatment (relapse> 1 year) (B.), figure C. synthesizing figures A. and B. CR: complete remission
- the assay of CD25s in CBA TM can be performed by coupling beads with specific antibodies.
- the beads were chosen such that they have a position on the APC / APCCy7 dot plot far away from the other beads that can be used in parallel for the determination of the other cytokines.
- the choice of balls in position A4 was chosen because this position is far from that of IL-6, IL-10, ⁇ - ⁇ , RANTES and IFN-v positioned respectively at A7, B7, B9, D4 and El.
- the cytokine predictive position is shown in Figure 1.
- the primary antibody chosen is a purified monoclonal mouse antibody
- the anti-human CD25 (clone M-251) directed against the domain (epitope) B of the protein.
- the secondary antibody is a human anti-CD25 mouse monoclonal antibody (clone 2A3), directed against the protein domain (epitope) A, coupled to phycoerythrin (excited at a wavelength of 488nm, and emitting a flourescence at a wavelength of 580nm).
- Both antibodies can be purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, California) as 555429 and 34101 1 respectively. These antibodies or other antibodies are also available from other suppliers (eg Stemcell, or Miltenyi Biotec).
- the primary NA LE anti-CD25 antibody was coupled to the A4 beads according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
- the principle of the conjugation reaction is to reduce the disulfide bridges on the surface of the polystyrene beads by means of a reducing agent, dithiothreitol.
- the primary amine functions of the antibodies react with a hetero-bifunctional conjugating agent, sulfo-SMCC, and form a highly reactive maleimide derivative. The latter can then form a stable thioether linkage with the thiol functions of the beads via a radical reaction, thus resulting in the covalent anchoring of the antibodies.
- the beads coupled to the primary antibody were used for the detection of CD25s, according to the following labeling procedure: for each test, 50 ⁇ of sample were incubated for 1 hour in the dark with 1 ⁇ of conjugated A4 beads beforehand washed and diluted in washing buffer. The anti-CD25 secondary antibody coupled to PE diluted 1/20 was then added. After a 2 hour incubation and a final wash, the sample can be analyzed by cytometer. c) FACSCantoll cytometer analysis - Standard ranges - Linearity
- FACSCantoll TM 8 colors (BD Bioscience, Becton Dickinson), in manual mode, by acquiring at least 300 events at a "medium” speed.
- the data was analyzed using BD FACSDiva Software (Becton Dickinson) computer software.
- the analysis strategy first includes conditioning all the beads in a size / structure analysis window. They are then fenestrated in APC and APC-Cy7 so as to identify the maximum A4 beads. This last selection makes it possible to eliminate from the analysis window all the impurities related to the conservation or the doublets of balls generated during the coupling step.
- the PE fluorescence of the population surrounded by A4 can be visualized on a histogram representing the fluorescence intensity on the abscissa and the number of events on the ordinate.
- the software renders an average fluorescence intensity (MIF) for each tube, corresponding to a concentration determined from a standard range made in parallel.
- MIF average fluorescence intensity
- the upper point of the calibration range of CD25s has been set at 8000 pg / ml: this point is in the range of linearity of the curve and makes it possible to scan a very wide concentration range.
- the results of assaying CD25s greater than 8000 pg / ml were thus made "> 8000 pg / ml”.
- CD25s ranging from 7.8 ⁇ g / ml to 8000 ⁇ g / ml. The results of this range show that the fluorescence intensity corresponding to the very low concentrations of between 0 and 30 ⁇ g / ml do not vary proportionally.
- the detection threshold was thus set at 30 ⁇ g / ml.
- a standard range was made from a mixture of recombinant CD25s, IL-10, IL-6, and IFN- ⁇ .
- Each cytokine is initially at a concentration of 5000 ⁇ g / ml in the first tube which constitutes the upper point of the range. It was diluted cascade to obtain the different points of range, each cytokine then being diluted in the same proportions. Finally, the mixture of all the reagents allowing the detection of each cytokine was added to each tube corresponding to a point of range.
- cytokine labeling technique This procedure describes the cytokine labeling technique that has been applied.
- Ready-to-use kits (Flex Set BD TM CBA kits) were used for the determination of IL-10, IL-6, IFN- ⁇ , MIP-1 g and RANTES .
- Each kit makes it possible to carry out 50 tests and contains the capture beads coupled to the primary antibody, the secondary antibody, and a standard recombinant in freeze-dried form to be reconstituted at the time of preparation of the standard range.
- the CBA TM kits used were developed by BD Biosciences and are sold under the references 558274 (IL-10), 558276 (IL-6), 558324 (RANTES), 558449 (MIP-1 g) and 561515 (IFNv).
- the beads are to be used at a rate of 1 ⁇ per test, ie 50 ⁇ of each ball for a series of 50 tests. They are first washed in 500 ⁇ of Wash Buffer BD wash buffer, centrifuged for 5 min at 1500 rpm. The supernatant is gently aspirated and the beads are resuspended in 2500 ⁇ of Capture Bead Diluent for Serum / Plasma dilution buffer, ie 50 ⁇ per test. The solution is incubated for 15 min at room temperature and in the dark to avoid exciting the fluorochromes present on the beads. b) Extemporaneous Preparation of the PE Secondary Antibody Solution
- IL-10 For IL-10, IL-6, IFN- ⁇ , MIP-1a and RANTES, 1 ⁇ of secondary antibody is required for one test, ie 50 ⁇ of each antibody for a series of 50 tests. Since the minimum necessary amount for a test was not accurately evaluated for CD25s, the same amount of secondary antibody as that chosen for technical development, ie 5 ⁇ per test, was used. A total of 250 ⁇ of anti-CD25 antibodies are required for 50 tests.
- the mixture of all the necessary antibodies for a series of 50 tests represents a volume of 500 ⁇ . This volume is diluted quarterly in 2ml of Diluent Detector buffer and 200 ⁇ of this dilution are necessary for each test. (c) Marking of samples
- the marking is carried out on a volume of 50 ⁇ of sample.
- a volume of 50 ⁇ of the mixture of beads, previously vortexed, is added to the sample and then incubated for 1 hour in the dark and at room temperature. After this incubation, 50 ⁇ l of the PE secondary antibody mixture solution is added to the sample. The mixture is incubated for 2 hours in the dark and at room temperature. At the end of this step, the samples are washed to remove excess secondary antibodies.
- a volume of 1000 ⁇ of Wash buffer BD buffer is added, the sample is centrifuged for 5 min at 1500 rpm. The supernatant is gently removed and the bead pellet is resuspended in 300 ⁇ of BD Wash Buffer buffer. Samples are ready for cytometer analysis. d) Cytometer analysis
- the sample Before each cytometer run, the sample must be vortexed to resuspend the beads. The analysis must be done at the end of the labeling step to avoid a decoupling between the beads and cytokines that can lead to loss of signal.
- the samples are analyzed by hand in the cytometer by acquiring at least 300 events at a "medium" speed. The data is analyzed using the BD FACSDiva Software TM computer software and switched to the FCAP-Array TM results processing software. e) Technical validation of the test on intraocular samples
- the multiplex cytokine assay of 15 intraocular samples from patients with PIOL (7 PCA and 8 vitreous) and 18 intraocular samples from patients with uveitis was performed on samples stored at -80 ° C for about 2 years.
- IL-10 and IL-6 were measured initially and simultaneously with the CBA TM technique.
- the multiplexed assay of the 6 cytokines was performed after thawing the samples, and the results of IL-10 and IL-6 obtained before and after freezing were compared to see if, on the one hand, the preservation impaired the quality sampling and on the other hand to see if the simultaneous assay of 6 cytokines has an impact on their respective results.
- the multiplex assay of the 6 cytokines was performed on the vitreous humor samples corresponding to the diagnostic sample for each of the 36 patients. All samples were stored at -80 ° C and in sufficient quantity to perform a new assay, ie a sampling volume of at least 50 ⁇ . All these samples were taken between April 2004 and January 2012.
- the cohort included 17 men and 19 women. The average age was 65, with extreme values ranging from 44 to 88 years. For 25 patients, clinical information was obtained from the medical records made available by the Ophthalmology Department.
- a "non-PIOL" control cohort comprising 16 vitreous humor samples from patients with a cytokine profile of uveitis (raised intra-ocular IL-6 concentration, low IL-10) and two patients with which IL-10 and IL-6 were not detectable. Clinical information could not be collected for these 18 patients.
- a cytokine profile of uveitis raised intra-ocular IL-6 concentration, low IL-10
- Clinical information could not be collected for these 18 patients.
- the threshold of 37 ⁇ g / ml in IL-10 was proposed. to carry the diagnosis of IOL.
- the minimum IL-10 value detected in this IOL series is 80 ⁇ g / ml, which is consistent with this proposed diagnostic threshold.
- the calculation of the IL-10 / IL-6 ratio is often considered relevant for providing diagnostic assistance when its value is greater than 1 (Whitcup et al, op.cit.). This ratio has been determined, and it has been observed that it is consistently greater than 1, with the exception of a patient for whom it is 0.9.
- the average IFN-gamma concentration in the IOL group is 8 ⁇ g / ml whereas it is 3 ⁇ g / ml in the uveitis group. Medians are significantly different (P ⁇ 0.05). The dispersion of results is low in both groups, and only 3 patients in the IOL group have higher concentrations at 21, 37 and 124 pg / ml. However, given the significant overlap of concentration values between the two groups, IFN- ⁇ does not appear to be a relevant parameter for the diagnosis of IOL.
- this makes it possible to establish a method for diagnosing intraocular lymphoma in which the amount (concentration) of CD25s in the vitreous or a PCA of a patient is measured, a concentration of greater than 840 ⁇ g / ml being strongly indicative of intraocular lymphoma.
- This method is performed in vitro.
- This method may also include the treatment step of this patient against this intraocular lymphoma, or a sampling step (PCA or vitreous sampling) prior to the measurement of the concentration of CD25s.
- This method may also include measuring the amount of IL-10 and / or NL6, optionally simultaneously with the measurement of CD25s.
- this method comprises the simultaneous measurement of the concentrations of CD25s, IL-10 and IL-6 in the sample.
- RANTES, MIP-1a and INF- ⁇ do not appear to be more relevant than IL-10 and IL-6 for the diagnosis of IOLs. However, they could be used as second-line to refine a prognosis, but the dosage of IL-10 and IL-6 and calculation of the ratio remain a priori the best elements of the diagnosis.
- the determination of CD25s at the time of the diagnostic step, especially in combination with ILI O and IL6, makes it possible to refine the diagnosis in case of doubt about the results. obtained with IL-6 and IL-10 alone.
- 13 have PIOL (no brain damage at diagnosis)
- 7 have oculo-cerebral lymphoma (LOC)
- 2 have an ocular location of a relapse of primary brain lymphoma
- 3 Ocular lymphomas secondary to systemic lymphoma (1 follicular lymphoma, 1 ethmoid lymphoma and 1 large cell B lymphoma).
- a non-parametric Mann-Whitney comparison test was performed to determine whether a cytokine increase could be associated with a particular clinical situation.
- concentrations of IL-10, IL-6, CD25s, RANTES, MIP-1a and IFNy were compared in the following groups:
- IL-10, IL-6 and CD25s appear to tend to be increased in unilateral forms (Table 2).
- Table 2 Comparison of median intravitreal concentrations in the different patient groups studied e) Comparison between patients in complete remission and patients refractory to treatment
- cytokine concentrations must be taken into account in interpreting these results. Indeed, RANTES, MIP-1a and NFNy are globally always lower than 100 ⁇ g / ml whereas IL-10, IL-6 and CD25s can show a significant dispersion of the results with values that can often reach more 1000 ⁇ g / ml. Taking into account these elements and with all the reservation related to the limited number of patients studied, it is necessary to interpret the cytokine profiles as a whole, rather than each marker taken one by one.
- IL-6, and CD25s vary in the same direction. They tend to be increased at patients with a delayed onset of relapse (1 ⁇ year) compared to those whose delay is later. In addition, these same cytokines also tend to be increased in patients responding less well to treatment, compared to those whose complete remission is obtained quickly and sustainably.
- the cytokines RANTES, riFNy, MIP-1a and CD25s do not appear to be more relevant than IL-10 and IL-6 for the diagnosis of intraocular lymphomas, but may be useful in complex cases in which second intention, in particular the CD25s, to support a complex diagnosis.
- IL-6 and CD25s tend to be increased in patients who relapse within one year after stopping treatment, compared to those with a relapse delay of more than one year. This difference is not statistically significant given the small size studied, but the difference between the medians is significant. RANTES and NFIMy are also increased but to a lesser extent. In addition, patients whose complete remission was achieved quickly and sustainably have similar concentrations of IL-6 and CD25 as those who relapse later.
- IL-10, IL-6, CD25s and RANTES tend to be increased in PIOL compared to LOC. This trend is accentuated by removing the higher points of IL-10, IL-6 and CD25s in the LOC group, which correspond to the same patient whose cytokine profile is rather atypical. This upward trend is also reflected, but to a lesser extent measurement for IL-10 and IL-6 in unilateral ocular forms compared to bilateral lesions. Cytokine concentrations therefore tend to vary according to the unique ocular localization or bilateral or bifocal secondary localization.
- CD25s were detected in vitreous patients of PIOL.
- the origin and role of secretion of CD25s are not fully understood.
- Some authors attribute a tumor origin while others consider that it reflects the activation of immune cells, including Treg lymphocytes (CD4 + / CD25 + / FOXP3 regulatory T cells) which strongly express the membrane CD25. It is therefore not impossible that the intraocular concentration of CD25s indirectly reflects infiltration by Tregs, which tend to favor tumor progression by inhibiting the immune response. If this hypothesis is true, one can easily understand that high concentrations of CD25s are associated with a poor prognosis for the patient.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR1255775A FR2992427A1 (fr) | 2012-06-20 | 2012-06-20 | Methode de pronostic d'un lymphome et kit pour sa mise en oeuvre |
| PCT/EP2013/062850 WO2013190029A1 (fr) | 2012-06-20 | 2013-06-20 | Méthode de pronostic d'un lymphome et kit pour sa mise en œuvre |
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| US5006459A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1991-04-09 | T Cell Sciences, Inc. | Therapeutic and diagnostic methods using soluble T cell surface molecules |
| US5292636A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1994-03-08 | T Cell Diagnostics, Inc. | Therapeutic and diagnostic methods using soluble T cell surface molecules |
| JP4357112B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-14 | 2009-11-04 | ルミネックス コーポレイション | 精密蛍光染色された粒子及びその製造及び使用方法 |
| US20060194265A1 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2006-08-31 | Morris David W | Novel therapeutic targets in cancer |
| US7695713B2 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2010-04-13 | Baylor College Of Medicine | Isolation and identification of T cells |
| WO2005010026A2 (fr) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-03 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Methodes de detection de l'activation des lymphocytes t par des peptides de liaison au cmh |
| EP1796474B1 (fr) * | 2004-09-15 | 2016-02-17 | The Trustees of The University of Pennsylvania | Procedes d'isolation et d'expansion de lymphocytes t regulateurs derives du sang du cordon ombilical |
| DE102009040716B4 (de) * | 2009-09-10 | 2011-07-14 | Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, 51429 | Verwendung von CD154 zur Identifizierung und Abtrennung von nicht-regulatorischen T-Zellen aus einem Gemisch mit regulatorischen T-Zellen |
| ES2363545B2 (es) * | 2010-01-26 | 2012-04-18 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | Método para identificar y purificar células t reguladoras naturales humanas (ntreg). |
| WO2013053918A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-04-18 | Inserm | Diagnostic du lymphome intra-oculaire |
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