EP2864618A2 - Piston for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Piston for an internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- EP2864618A2 EP2864618A2 EP13745565.5A EP13745565A EP2864618A2 EP 2864618 A2 EP2864618 A2 EP 2864618A2 EP 13745565 A EP13745565 A EP 13745565A EP 2864618 A2 EP2864618 A2 EP 2864618A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cooling channel
- coolant
- bore
- piston according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/18—Pistons having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
- F01P3/10—Cooling by flow of coolant through pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/26—Pistons having combustion chamber in piston head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/02—Light metals
- F05C2201/021—Aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
- F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
- F05C2201/0448—Steel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, having a piston head and a piston skirt, wherein the piston head has a circumferential annular portion and in the region of the annular part a circumferential cooling channel, wherein the piston skirt has hub bores provided with piston bosses, which have hub connections on the underside of the piston head are arranged, wherein the piston hubs are interconnected via running surfaces.
- the object of the present invention is to develop a generic piston so that sets a more uniform temperature distribution between the piston head and the piston skirt during operation.
- the solution is that extending in the region of the annular part wall of the cooling channel has an inclination and with the piston central axis forms an acute angle that at least one outwardly closed bore is provided, which is arranged between a tread and a hub bore, that the at least a bore opens into the cooling channel, that the cooling channel and the at least one bore contain a coolant in the form of a low-melting metal or a low-melting metal alloy.
- the piston according to the invention is characterized in that the heat generated in the region of the piston crown is guided via the piston head into the piston and discharged via the comparatively large-area running surfaces. This will be in the
- the inventively provided inclination of running in the region of the ring wall wall of the cooling channel causes the coolant during engine operation during its downward movement this area largely not touched and in the upward movement only to a small extent.
- the coolant will be more in the
- the inclination forms a blind spot between the coolant moving during engine operation and the wall of the cooling channel extending in the region of the annular part, so that the moving coolant has no or only little contact with the wall region lying in the blind spot.
- the additional heating of the area between the piston hub and the piston shaft causes an additional thermal expansion of the piston shaft and thereby reduces the warm play between piston and cylinder. This is particularly advantageous when a crankcase made of a light metal material, for example. An aluminum-based material, with a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the piston material is used.
- the angle enclosed by the wall of the cooling passage extending in the region of the annular part with the piston center axis is preferably not more than 10 ° in order to avoid an excessive narrowing of the cooling passage and a concomitant reduction of the cooling power.
- the inclination of this wall preferably begins at the level of the upper edge of the lowest annular groove of the ring part. If a combustion bowl is provided, it is advantageous if the in the
- Low melting metals suitable for use as refrigerants are especially sodium or potassium.
- low-melting metal alloys in particular Galinstan® alloys, low melting bismuth alloys and sodium-potassium alloys can be used.
- GalinstanO alloys are gallium, indium and tin alloy systems that are liquid at room temperature. These alloys consist of 65 wt% to 95 wt% gallium, 5 wt% to 26 wt% indium and 0 wt% to 16 wt% tin. Preferred alloys are, for example, those with 68% by weight to 69% by weight of gallium, 21% by weight to 22% by weight of indium and 9.5% by weight to 10.5% by weight of tin ( Mp -19 ° C), 62% by weight of gallium, 22% by weight of indium and 16% by weight of tin (mp 10.7 ° C.) and 59.6% by weight of gallium, 26% by weight. % Indium and 14.4% by weight tin (ternary eutectic, mp 11 ° C).
- Low melting bismuth alloys are well known. These include, for example, LBE (eutectic bismuth-lead alloy, mp. 124 ° C), Roses metal (50 wt .-% bismuth, 28 wt .-% lead and 22 wt .-% tin, mp.
- Orion metal 42 wt% bismuth, 42 wt% lead and 16 wt% tin, mp 108 ° C
- Quick solder 52 weight percent bismuth, 32 weight percent lead and 16 weight percent tin, mp 96 ° C
- d'Arcets metal 50 weight percent bismuth, 25 weight percent lead and 25 wt% tin
- Wood's metal 50 wt% bismuth, 25 wt% lead, 12.5 wt% tin and 12.5 wt% cadmium, mp 71 ° C
- Lipowitz metal 50 wt% bismuth, 27 wt% lead, 13 wt% tin and 10 wt% cadmium, mp 70 ° C
- Harper's metal 44 wt% bismuth, 25 wt%).
- Suitable sodium-potassium alloys may contain from 40% to 90% by weight of potassium. Particularly suitable is the eutectic alloy NaK with 78 wt .-% potassium and 22 wt .-% sodium (mp. -12.6 ° C).
- the coolant may additionally contain lithium and / or lithium nitride. If nitrogen is used as a protective gas during filling, this can react with the lithium to lithium nitride and be removed in this way from the cooling channel.
- the coolant may further contain sodium oxides and / or potassium oxides if, during filling, any existing dry air has reacted with the coolant.
- four holes are provided, which are arranged between a running surface and a hub bore in order to achieve a particularly uniform temperature distribution in the piston.
- the amount of coolant taken up in the cooling channel or in the at least one bore depends on its thermal conductivity and the degree of desired temperature control.
- the coolant has a filling level up to half the height of the cooling channel in order to achieve the desired shaker effect and thus a particularly effective heat distribution in the piston.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a piston according to the invention, partly in section;
- Figure 2 is a section along the line II - II in Figure 1.
- 3 shows a section along the line III - III in Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial view of a bore according to FIG. 3 in section
- Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the cooling channel according to Figure 3 in section.
- Figures 1 to 5 show an embodiment of a piston 10 according to the invention.
- the piston 10 may be a one-piece or multi-piece piston.
- the piston 10 can be made of an iron-based material and / or a light metal material, wherein the iron-based material is preferred.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 show a one-part box piston 10.
- the piston 10 has a piston head 11 with a piston crown 12 having a combustion bowl 13, a peripheral land 14 and a ring 15 for receiving piston rings (not shown). In the amount of the ring section 15, a circumferential cooling channel 23 is provided.
- the piston 10 further includes a piston stem 16 with piston bosses 17 and hub bores 18 for receiving a piston pin (not shown).
- the piston hubs 17 are connected via hub connections 19 with the bottom 11 a of the piston head.
- the piston hubs 17 are connected to one another via running surfaces 21, 22 (cf., in particular, FIG.
- the extending in the region of the ring portion 15 wall 23a of the cooling channel 23 has an inclination and closes with the piston center axis M an acute angle ⁇ of up to 10 °.
- the inclination begins approximately in the region of the upper edge of the lowermost annular groove 15a of the annular part 15 and continues up to the upper end of the cooling channel 23.
- the extending in the combustion bowl 13 wall 23b of the cooling channel 23 extends parallel to the contour of the wall 13a of the combustion bowl thirteenth
- the piston shaft 16 has four holes 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d in the exemplary embodiment.
- the bores 24a-d in the exemplary embodiment extend approximately axially and parallel to the piston center axis M.
- the bores 24a-d may, however, also extend inclined at an angle to the piston center axis M.
- the bores 24a-d are arranged between a running surface 21, 22 and a hub bore 18.
- the bores 24a-d open into the cooling channel 23rd
- the piston 10 may for example be cast in a conventional manner, wherein the cooling channel 23 and the bores 24a-d can be introduced in a conventional manner by means of a salt core. It is essential that at least one bore 24a has an opening 25 to the outside.
- the coolant 27, namely a low-melting metal or a low-melting metal alloy, as enumerated by way of example above is filled through the opening 25 into the bore 24a. From there, the coolant 27 is distributed in the cooling channel 23 and in the further holes 24b-d.
- the opening 25 is then sealed, in the embodiment by means of a pressed-steel ball 26.
- the opening 25 can also be closed, for example. By welding a lid or pressing a cap (not shown).
- the size of the holes 24a-d and the filling amount of the coolant 27 depend on the size and the material of the piston 10. On average, about. 10g to 40g coolant 27 per piston 10 required.
- the cooling capacity can be controlled by the amount of the added coolant 27 in consideration of its thermal conductivity coefficient. For example. is a level in the cooling channel 23 suitable, which corresponds approximately to half the height of the cooling channel 23. In this case, during operation, the known shaker effect can additionally be used for a particularly effective heat distribution in the piston. For sodium as coolant 27 with a temperature in operation of 220 ° C results in a cooling capacity of 350kW / m 2, a maximum surface temperature of the piston 10 of about 260 ° C.
- the underside 11a of the piston head 11 can be cooled by injection with cooling oil.
- a lance is inserted through the opening 25 and purged by means of nitrogen or other suitable inert gas or by means of dry air.
- protective gas for example nitrogen, inert gas or dry air
- Another method for filling the bore 24a is characterized in that after flushing with nitrogen, inert gas or dry air, the bores 24a-d and the cooling channel 23 are evacuated and the coolant 27 is introduced in a vacuum.
- the coolant 27 can move more easily in the cooling channel 23 back and forth and in the bores 24a-d in and out, since it is not hindered by existing inert gas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012008945A DE102012008945A1 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2012-05-05 | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
PCT/DE2013/000239 WO2013167103A2 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2013-05-03 | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2864618A2 true EP2864618A2 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
EP2864618B1 EP2864618B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
Family
ID=48918211
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13745565.5A Not-in-force EP2864618B1 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2013-05-03 | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9494106B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2864618B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6293121B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20150006860A (en) |
CN (1) | CN104379917B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014027523A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012008945A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013167103A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11022065B2 (en) | 2015-12-03 | 2021-06-01 | Tenneco Inc. | Piston with sealed cooling gallery containing a thermally conductive composition |
USD886155S1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2020-06-02 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
DE102016001926A1 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-08-24 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Piston for a reciprocating internal combustion engine |
DE102016221352A1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-03 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for producing a piston |
DE102017210282A1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for a combustion engine with liquid metal cooling |
US10648425B2 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-05-12 | Tenneco Inc. | Piston with broad ovate gallery |
RU2675974C1 (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-12-25 | ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ "Брянский государственный технический университет" | Piston of forced diesel engine |
CN112196689B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-09-21 | 马勒汽车技术(中国)有限公司 | High-level salt core and piston |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1678957A (en) | 1925-01-29 | 1928-07-31 | Busch Sulzer Bros Diesel Engine Co | Piston cooling |
US1841796A (en) * | 1929-02-04 | 1932-01-19 | Packard Motor Car Co | Internal combustion engine |
GB517713A (en) * | 1939-03-17 | 1940-02-07 | Arthur Villeneuve Nicolle | Improvements in or relating to the cylinders and pistons of internal combustion engines |
DE726685C (en) * | 1939-09-01 | 1942-10-19 | Versuchsanstalt Fuer Luftfahrt | Pistons for internal combustion engines |
DE762820C (en) * | 1943-04-25 | 1952-11-04 | Richard Holzaepfel Fa | Process for the manufacture of flasks with a temperature-compensating filling |
FR1574352A (en) * | 1967-07-15 | 1969-07-11 | ||
JPS5179239U (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1976-06-23 | ||
JPS5292034A (en) * | 1976-01-28 | 1977-08-03 | Kyoritsu Kk | Piston for engine |
JPS5266126A (en) * | 1975-12-01 | 1977-06-01 | Kyoritsu Kk | Piston for engine |
DE2613059A1 (en) * | 1975-12-01 | 1977-06-08 | Kioritz Corp | PISTONS FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES |
JPS5281508U (en) * | 1976-11-22 | 1977-06-17 | ||
US5266228A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1993-11-30 | Basf Corporation | Corrosion-inhibiting automotive coolant solutions containing effective amounts of sodium silicate having a low ratio of silica to sodium oxide |
JP2592985Y2 (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1999-03-31 | 日野自動車工業株式会社 | Piston cooling system |
DE19846152A1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-04-13 | Mahle Gmbh | Piston with piston base made of forged steel and a cooling channel |
IT1316223B1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2003-04-03 | Carlo Rubbia | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HEATING GAS FROM A THIN NUCLEAR DUCTILE FUEL LAYER AND SPATIAL PROPULSER USING SUCH METHOD. |
JP2002250251A (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-09-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Piston for internal combustion engine |
DE10244513A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-08 | Mahle Gmbh | Multi-part cooled piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
KR20050039320A (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-04-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Piston for internal combustion engine |
JP4871293B2 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2012-02-08 | 日鍛バルブ株式会社 | Hollow poppet valve with refrigerant and method for manufacturing the same |
JP2007270813A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Piston for internal combustion engine |
FR2901577A3 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-11-30 | Renault Sas | Internal combustion engine`s piston, has transverse wall with internal cavity containing refrigerant fluid, and including annular part that extends skirt continuously on assembly of its circumference, in plan normal to translation axis |
DE102009032941A1 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Multi-part piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
DE102010033882A1 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-02-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
US8671905B2 (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2014-03-18 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
-
2012
- 2012-05-05 DE DE102012008945A patent/DE102012008945A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-05-03 CN CN201380033008.1A patent/CN104379917B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-05-03 KR KR1020147032776A patent/KR20150006860A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-05-03 EP EP13745565.5A patent/EP2864618B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-05-03 JP JP2015510640A patent/JP6293121B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-05-03 BR BR112014027523A patent/BR112014027523A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-05-03 US US14/398,784 patent/US9494106B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-05-03 WO PCT/DE2013/000239 patent/WO2013167103A2/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013167103A2 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
KR20150006860A (en) | 2015-01-19 |
CN104379917A (en) | 2015-02-25 |
US20150128892A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US9494106B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
JP2015516050A (en) | 2015-06-04 |
WO2013167103A3 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
CN104379917B (en) | 2017-07-14 |
BR112014027523A2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
JP6293121B2 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
EP2864618B1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
DE102012008945A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
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