EP2861856B1 - Chemise de cylindre et moteur à piston - Google Patents

Chemise de cylindre et moteur à piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2861856B1
EP2861856B1 EP13732206.1A EP13732206A EP2861856B1 EP 2861856 B1 EP2861856 B1 EP 2861856B1 EP 13732206 A EP13732206 A EP 13732206A EP 2861856 B1 EP2861856 B1 EP 2861856B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder liner
recess
support surface
cooling
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP13732206.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2861856A1 (fr
Inventor
Federico BRIGHI
Davide LOLLIS
Vincenzo LATTANZIO
Massimo CATTARINUSSI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Finland Oy
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Wartsila Finland Oy
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2861856A1 publication Critical patent/EP2861856A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/16—Cylinder liners of wet type
    • F02F1/163—Cylinder liners of wet type the liner being midsupported
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F2001/006—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having a ring at the inside of a liner or cylinder for preventing the deposit of carbon oil particles, e.g. oil scrapers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cylinder liner according to claim 1.
  • the invention also concerns a piston engine.
  • the cylinder liners need to be provided with cooling arrangements. Except for very small engines, the cooling arrangements involve the use of cooling liquid that is circulated in cooling channels around the cylinder liners. In many engine constructions, the cooling channels are located at least partly inside the engine block. This makes the construction of the engine block more complicated and expensive. In some cases, the cooling channels are located partly in the cylinder heads. Also the cylinder heads are expensive components, and if the cylinder heads need to be provided with cooling channels for cooling the cylinder liners, the costs of the cylinder heads are increased even more. Another problem with many existing cylinder liner cooling arrangements is that in case of the failure of the cylinder head gasket, the combustion gases from the cylinder can mix with the cooling water.
  • DD 133985 A1 discloses a cylinder liner and a piston engine.
  • a cooling jacket is arranged around the cylinder liner and limits together with the cylinder liner a cooling channel.
  • EP 1087124 A2 discloses a cylinder liner for a piston engine.
  • the cylinder liner is provided with a recess encircling the outer circumference of the cylinder liner.
  • US 4440118 A discloses a cylinder liner for a piston engine.
  • the cylinder liner is provided with a recess encircling the outer circumference of the cylinder liner and forming part of a cooling channel.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved cylinder liner, in which the above mentioned problems are reduced or avoided.
  • the present invention relates to a cylinder liner according to claim 1.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved piston engine.
  • a cylinder liner comprises a first support surface that can be arranged against an upper surface of an engine block for carrying forces in the axial direction of the cylinder liner, a second support surface that is located below the first support surface in the axial direction of the cylinder liner for supporting the cylinder liner in the radial direction, and a third support surface that is arranged below the second support surface in the axial direction of the cylinder liner for supporting the cylinder liner in the radial direction.
  • the cylinder liner is provided with a single cooling recess encircling the outer circumference of the cylinder liner, and the cooling recess is located above the first support surface in the axial direction of the cylinder liner.
  • the outer circumference of the cylinder liner is provided with an annular recess below the cooling channel for reducing thermal stresses.
  • the cross-section of the recess comprises a first portion that is a sector of a circle, the radius of the circle is 30-60 % of the thickness of the wall of the cylinder liner outside of the support surfaces or other reinforced areas of the cylinder liner, and the recess comprises a portion that is a sector of a circle and has a smaller radius than the first portion of the recess.
  • An engine according to the invention comprises an engine block, at least one cylinder liner that is arranged partly inside the engine block, a cylinder head for closing the upper end of the cylinder liner, and a cooling jacket that is arranged around the cylinder liner and delimits together with the cylinder liner a cooling channel.
  • Each cylinder of the engine is provided with only one cooling channel for cooling the cylinder liner, and the whole cooling channel is arranged above the engine block.
  • the cylinder liner is a cylinder liner defined above.
  • each of the cylinders of the engine is provided with only one cooling channel, the cooling channel can be located exclusively around the upper end of the cylinder liner outside the engine block and the cylinder liner.
  • the complexity of the engine block and the cylinder liner can thus be reduced.
  • the risk of mixing of the combustion gases and the cooling water in case of a cylinder head gasket failure can be eliminated.
  • the risk of cooling liquid leakages inside the engine block is also eliminated.
  • the invention enables increased modularization, which makes the assembling and servicing of the engine easier.
  • An engine according to the invention has lower production and operating costs and better reliability.
  • the cooling channel can be located so that it is around the uppermost piston ring when the piston is at top dead center. Effective cooling of this point is critical for ensuring reliable functioning of the piston rings. When a single cooling channel is used, thermal stresses in the cylinder liner increase. With the recess below the cooling channel, the thermal stresses can be reduced.
  • the recess is located at least partly below the first support surface.
  • the recess can be merged with the first support surface.
  • the recess can also be located above the second support surface and merged with it.
  • the recess comprises a second portion, where the wall of the recess is at an angle a relative to the longitudinal center line of the cylinder liner.
  • the angle is preferably 15-50 degrees, more preferably 25-35 degrees.
  • the third portion of the recess is arranged between the first support surface and the first portion of the recess.
  • FIG 1 is shown one cylinder 1 of a piston engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the engine is a large internal combustion engine, such as a main or an auxiliary engine of a ship or an engine that is used at a power plant for producing electricity.
  • the engine can comprise any reasonable number of cylinders 1, which can be arranged, for instance, in line or in a V-configuration.
  • Each cylinder 1 is provided with a cylinder liner 2 (best seen in Fig. 2 ), which is arranged partly inside an engine block 3.
  • the upper end of the cylinder liner 2 is above the engine block 3.
  • the term 'upper' means here the cylinder head end of the cylinder 1.
  • Each cylinder 1 of the engine is provided with an own cylinder head 4, which is provided with gas exchange valves and ducts.
  • the gas exchange ducts 5, 6 and the gas exchange valves can be of conventional design and are therefore not described in more detail here.
  • the piston 9 is provided with a plurality of piston rings 9a. Also the piston 9 can be of conventional design.
  • the engine For cooling the cylinder liner 2, the engine is provided with a cooling jacket 10.
  • the cooling jacket 10 is arranged around the upper end of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the cooling jacket 10 is completely above the engine block 3 and below the cylinder head 4.
  • the cooling jacket 10 defines a cooling channel 12 between the cylinder liner 2 and the cooling jacket 10.
  • the cooling channel 12 extends in the axial direction of the cylinder liner 2 over the area where the piston rings 9a are located when the piston 9 is at top dead center. This is the most critical point in regard to the cooling of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the cross-section of the cooling recess 11 comprises a flat middle portion 11a and edge portions 11b, 11c.
  • the cooling recess 11 is thus substantially U-shaped.
  • the shape of the cooling channel 12 enables effective cooling of the cylinder liner 2 but keeps the thermal stresses in the cylinder liner 2 low.
  • Seals 13, 14 are provided at the upper and the lower ends of the cooling jacket 10 between the cylinder liner 2 and the cooling jacket 10 for preventing leakages from the cooling channel 12. Since the cooling channel 12 is completely above the engine block 3 and below the cylinder head 4, expensive cooling channels in the engine block 3 are not needed. The risk of cooling liquid leakages inside the engine block 3 is also eliminated and pressure testing of the engine block 3 is not needed.
  • the cylinder liner 2 is provided with three support surfaces 15, 16, 17 for supporting the cylinder liner 2 against the engine block 3.
  • a first support surface 15 is arranged in the upper part of the cylinder liner 2 and it supports the cylinder liner 2 against the engine block 3 in the axial direction, i.e. in the direction of the longitudinal axis 18 of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the first support surface 15 is an elbow that can be arranged against the upper surface of the engine block 3.
  • a second support surface 16 is arranged in the upper part of the cylinder liner 2 below the first support surface 15. The second support surface 16 supports the cylinder liner 2 against the engine block 3 in the radial direction of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the second support surface 16 is a portion of the cylinder liner 2 having a greater outer diameter than the basic outer diameter of the cylinder liner 2.
  • a third support surface 17 is located in the lower part of the cylinder liner 2. Also the third support surface 17 carries radial forces.
  • the thermal stresses of the cylinder liner 2 are larger than in conventional designs, where there are several cooling channels around the cylinder liner.
  • the cylinder liner 2 is provided with an annular recess 19 that is arranged below the cooling recess 11 of the cylinder liner 2.
  • Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of the recess 19.
  • the recess 19 is located above the second support surface 16.
  • the recess 11 is also partly below the first support surface 15.
  • the recess 19 encircles the whole cylinder liner 2.
  • the recess 19 is formed of a first portion 19a, a second portion 19b, and a third portion 19c.
  • the first portion 19a of the recess 19 is a sector of a circle.
  • the radius of the first portion 19a of the recess is preferably 30-60 % of the thickness of the wall of the cylinder liner 2, more preferably 35-50 % of the thickness of the wall of the cylinder liner 2. In the embodiment of the figures, the radius is approximately 40 % of the thickness of the wall of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the thickness of the wall refers to the thickness outside of the support surfaces 15, 16, 17 or other reinforced areas of the cylinder liner 2. It is thus the thickness of the main part of the cylinder liner 2 between the second support surface 16 and the third support surface 17.
  • the width of the sector that forms the first portion 19a is preferably in the range of 90 to 130 degrees. In the embodiment of the figures, the sector is approximately 110 degrees.
  • the center 25 of the radius of the first, circular portion 19a of the recess 19 is located in the axial direction of the cylinder liner 2 at such a distance from the first support surface 15, which is less than the radius of the first portion 19a. Therefore, part of the first portion 19a of the recess 19 is located above the first support surface 15. In the radial direction of the cylinder liner 2, the center 25 of the radius is located inwards from the second support surface 16.
  • the second portion 19b of the recess 19 is a straight cut that is merged with the first portion 19a of the recess 19.
  • the second portion 19b is also merged with the second support surface 16 of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the second portion 19b of the recess is at an angle a relative to the longitudinal axis 18 of the cylinder liner 2.
  • Angle a is preferably 15 to 50 degrees, more preferably 25-35 degrees. In the embodiment of the figures, the angle is approximately 30 degrees.
  • the third portion 19c of the recess 19 is a sector of a circle.
  • the radius of the third portion 19c is smaller than the radius of the first portion 19a.
  • the radius of the third portion 19c is preferably 5-15 % of the thickness of the wall of the cylinder liner 2.
  • the width of the sector that forms the third portion 19c is preferably in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.
  • the third portion 19c of the recess 19 is merged with the first support surface 15 of the cylinder liner 2 and with the first portion 19a of the recess 19. In the axial direction of the cylinder liner 2, the third portion 19c is above the first support surface 15. In the radial direction of the cylinder liner 2, the center 26 of the radius of the third portion 19c of the recess 19 is located outwards from the center 25 of the radius of the first portion 19a and inwards from the first support surface 15.
  • the construction of the cooling jacket 10 is best seen in figures 5 and 6 .
  • the cooling jacket 10 can be manufactured, for instance, by casting.
  • the cooling jacket 10 is provided with a plurality of brackets 20, which can be used for attaching the cooling jacket 10 to the engine block 3. Since the cooling jacket 10 is fastened directly to the engine block 3, the cylinder liner 2 can be removed without removing the cooling jacket 10. This makes servicing of the cylinder liner 2 easier.
  • the cooling jacket 10 is provided with an inlet 21 for introducing the cooling liquid into the cooling channel 12 and for draining the cooling channel 12 when needed.
  • An outlet 22 is provided for discharging the cooling liquid from the cooling channel 12. From the outlet 22 the cooling liquid can be introduced into the cooling channels of the cylinder head 4. Also an inlet pipe 23 for the cooling liquid is integrated into the cooling jacket 10.
  • FIG 4 the cooling jacket 10 can be seen in connection with the cylinder liner 2 and the cylinder head 4.
  • Figure 4 also shows a gasket 24 between the cylinder liner 2 and the cylinder head 4.
  • the construction of the engine prevents mixing of the combustion gases and the cooling liquid even in case some of the seals 13, 14, 24 is leaking.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Chemise de cylindre (2) pour un moteur à pistons, laquelle chemise de cylindre (2) comprend une première surface de support (15) qui peut être agencée contre une surface supérieure d'un bloc moteur (3) pour supporter des forces dans la direction axiale de la chemise de cylindre (2), une deuxième surface de support (16) qui est située en-dessous de la première surface de support (16) dans la direction axiale de la chemise de cylindre (2) pour supporter la chemise de cylindre (2) dans la direction radiale, et une troisième surface de support (17) qui est agencée en-dessous de la deuxième surface de support (16) dans la direction axiale de la chemise de cylindre (2) pour supporter la chemise de cylindre (2) dans la direction radiale, dans laquelle la chemise de cylindre (2) est dotée d'une cavité de refroidissement unique (11) encerclant la circonférence extérieure de la chemise de cylindre (2), la cavité de refroidissement (11) est située au-dessus de la première surface de support (15) dans la direction axiale de la chemise de cylindre (2), et la circonférence extérieure de la chemise de cylindre (2) est dotée d'une cavité annulaire (19) en-dessous de la cavité de refroidissement (11) pour réduire les contraintes thermiques, dans laquelle la section transversale de la cavité (19) comprend une première partie (19a) qui est un secteur d'un cercle, et la rayon du cercle est 30-60 % de l'épaisseur de la paroi de la chemise de cylindre (2) hors des surfaces de support (15, 16, 17) ou d'autres zones renforcées de la chemise de cylindre (2), et que la cavité (19) comprend une partie (19c) qui est un secteur d'un cercle et a un rayon plus petit que la première partie (19a) de la cavité (19).
  2. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la cavité (19) est située au moins partiellement en-dessous de la première surface de support (15).
  3. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la cavité (19) est fusionnée avec la première surface de support (15).
  4. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-3, caractérisée en ce que la cavité (19) est située au-dessus de la deuxième surface de support (16).
  5. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la cavité (19) est fusionnée avec la deuxième surface de support (16).
  6. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la cavité (19) comprend une seconde partie (19b), où la paroi de la cavité (19) est à un angle α par rapport à la ligne centrale longitudinale (18) de la chemise de cylindre (2), α étant de 15-50 degrés.
  7. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que α est de 25-35 degrés.
  8. Chemise de cylindre (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la troisième partie (19c) de la cavité (19) est agencée entre la première surface de support (15) et la première partie (19a) de la cavité (19).
  9. Moteur à pistons comprenant un bloc moteur (3), au moins une chemise de cylindre (2) qui est agencée partiellement à l'intérieur du bloc moteur (3), une tête de cylindre (4) pour fermer l'extrémité supérieure de la chemise de cylindre (2), et une enveloppe de refroidissement (10) qui est agencée autour de la chemise de cylindre (2) et délimite conjointement avec la chemise de cylindre (2), un canal de refroidissement (12), dans laquelle chaque cylindre (1) du moteur est doté d'un seul canal de refroidissement (12) pour refroidir la chemise de cylindre (2), et la totalité du canal de refroidissement (12) est agencée au-dessus du bloc moteur (3), caractérisée en ce que la chemise de cylindre (2) est une chemise de cylindre (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
EP13732206.1A 2012-06-19 2013-05-31 Chemise de cylindre et moteur à piston Active EP2861856B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20125679A FI124465B (en) 2012-06-19 2012-06-19 Piston engine and cylinder lining
PCT/FI2013/050594 WO2013190175A1 (fr) 2012-06-19 2013-05-31 Moteur à piston et chemise de cylindre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2861856A1 EP2861856A1 (fr) 2015-04-22
EP2861856B1 true EP2861856B1 (fr) 2020-06-10

Family

ID=48700617

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13732206.1A Active EP2861856B1 (fr) 2012-06-19 2013-05-31 Chemise de cylindre et moteur à piston

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2861856B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104395593B (fr)
FI (1) FI124465B (fr)
WO (1) WO2013190175A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202023102190U1 (de) 2023-04-25 2023-05-04 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Zylinderlaufbuchse für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9624869B2 (en) 2014-08-20 2017-04-18 Caterpillar Inc. Cooling moat for upper cylinder liner seal
DK178939B1 (en) * 2015-11-02 2017-06-19 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland A cylinder liner for a two-stroke crosshead engine
DK179020B1 (en) * 2015-11-02 2017-08-28 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland A cylinder liner for a two-stroke crosshead engine
DE102016213252A1 (de) * 2016-07-20 2018-01-25 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens einem Zylinder, dessen Zylinderlaufbuchse über ein flüssiges Kühlmittel kühlbar ist
DE102018102064A1 (de) 2018-01-30 2019-08-01 Man Energy Solutions Se Zylinderlaufbuchse und Brennkraftmaschine
CN109958544A (zh) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-02 哈尔滨工程大学 一种有良好传热和密封性能的湿式气缸套
DE102020112480A1 (de) 2020-05-08 2021-11-11 Man Energy Solutions Se Zylinderlaufbuchse und Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4440118A (en) * 1980-05-13 1984-04-03 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Oil cooled internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD133985B1 (de) * 1978-01-31 1980-12-10 Hans Standhardt Zylinderlaufbuchse fuer viertaktbrennkraftmaschinen
DE19945591A1 (de) * 1999-09-23 2001-03-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Zylinderkurbelgehäuse für insbesondere flüssigkeitsgekühlte Brennkraftmaschinen
US20060086327A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-27 General Electric Company Engine power assembly

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4440118A (en) * 1980-05-13 1984-04-03 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Oil cooled internal combustion engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202023102190U1 (de) 2023-04-25 2023-05-04 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Zylinderlaufbuchse für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104395593A (zh) 2015-03-04
CN104395593B (zh) 2016-10-05
FI20125679A (fi) 2013-12-20
WO2013190175A1 (fr) 2013-12-27
EP2861856A1 (fr) 2015-04-22
FI124465B (en) 2014-09-15

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