EP2856058A1 - Heat exchanger having a reinforced collector - Google Patents

Heat exchanger having a reinforced collector

Info

Publication number
EP2856058A1
EP2856058A1 EP13724231.9A EP13724231A EP2856058A1 EP 2856058 A1 EP2856058 A1 EP 2856058A1 EP 13724231 A EP13724231 A EP 13724231A EP 2856058 A1 EP2856058 A1 EP 2856058A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
exchanger according
heat exchange
tube
exchange body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13724231.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2856058B1 (en
Inventor
Alan Day
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Publication of EP2856058A1 publication Critical patent/EP2856058A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2856058B1 publication Critical patent/EP2856058B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/08—Reinforcing means for header boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/12—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements
    • F28F2275/122—Fastening; Joining by methods involving deformation of the elements by crimping, caulking or clinching

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of heat exchangers configured to perform a heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, more particularly intended to be installed in a motor vehicle.
  • a heat exchanger is, for example, a supercharged air cooler.
  • a motor vehicle can conventionally be equipped with an internal combustion engine combined with a turbocharger. This causes a rise in the temperature of the intake gas, which affects the correct filling of the combustion chambers of the engine. This is the reason why it is known to complete this configuration by the addition of a heat exchanger, the function of which is to cool the intake gases before their entry into these combustion chambers, which makes it possible to increase the density of the inlet gases and thus improve the stoichiometric ratio in the combustion chambers.
  • Such a heat exchanger conventionally comprises a plurality of tubes in which the inlet gases circulate, the spaces between the tubes being for their part traversed by a cooling fluid.
  • the inlet gases are channeled by a lid secured to a manifold, the latter being configured to sealingly receive the end of each tube through which the inlet gases enter.
  • New supercharging techniques make their appearances. It is thus known to combine the internal combustion engine with two or three turbochargers. This combination is accompanied by an increase in the pressure and the temperature of the inlet gases. The mechanical stresses experienced by the charge exchangers become extremely important, since the pressure of the inlet gases can reach 4 bars. The heat exchangers known to date are therefore not adapted to withstand such pressure or temperature levels, and leaks may appear in particular to the right of the junction which connects the cover to the collector.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to solve the disadvantage described above mainly by reinforcing the peripheral edge of the manifold, the latter being particularly designed to receive and secure by crimping a lid.
  • the invention proposes to provide stress recoveries on a component of the heat exchange body, in particular on the tube or tubes through which the inlet gases subjected to high pressure pass.
  • the invention therefore relates to a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange body, at least one cover and a collector connecting the cover to the heat exchange body with a crimping device from the collector and folded on the lid, the heat exchange body comprising a plurality of tubes adapted to channel a first fluid, the manifold comprising a bottom plate surrounded by a lid fastening edge, characterized in that the bottom plate and the edge of fastening delimit a receiving housing of a heel cover, the fastening edge being formed by a lined wall, one end of which is secured to at least one constituent tube of the heat exchange body.
  • the fastening of the end of the lined wall on at least one tube thus ensures a recovery of mechanical forces which contributes significantly to increasing the resistance mechanical solidarity edge against the constraints generated by the pressure or the temperature of the first fluid able to circulate inside the heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • the heat exchange body may also comprise a multiplicity of dissipation devices interposed between the tubes and in contact with a second fluid able to pass through the heat exchange body.
  • the end of the doubled wall is secured to a plurality of tubes. It is intended here the case where the end extends along a longitudinal face of the exchanger, the end then being brazed to a side wall of several tubes bordering the longitudinal face.
  • a tube comprises two longitudinal walls joined to one another by two side walls, the fastening edge comprising a strip transverse to the bottom plate and secured against at least one of the side walls. at least one tube over a length of at least 1 mm.
  • the end is secured against a longitudinal wall of a terminal tube of the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange body is finished laterally by a cheek installed at a distance at least equal to 0.1 mm from the doubled wall, this distance being a minimum to avoid brazing between the two elements concerned.
  • a dissipation device is interposed between the cheek and the end tube, the dissipation device being at a distance at least equal to 0.1 mm from the doubled wall, this distance being a minimum to avoid soldering between the two elements concerned.
  • the exchanger according to the invention can be configured so that a distance at least equal to 2 mm is provided between the bottom plate and the end of the doubled wall. Such a distance makes it possible to form a strut by means of the brazed end on the tube. Such a strut opposes a phenomenon of opening of the fastening edge under the effect of the pressure in the lid, which increases the level of reliability of the sealing by crimping.
  • the bottom plate comprises at least one opening in which is housed a tube end, said opening being bordered by a collar turned towards the heat exchange body. Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a face of the base plate turned towards the substantially flat cover, which contributes to improving the mechanical strength of the heat exchanger.
  • Such an exchanger may comprise a seal installed in the receiving housing, at least between the heel of the cover and the securing edge.
  • the lined wall is formed by a first wall and a second wall brazed against the first wall.
  • the first and second walls come from the same metal sheet and connected to one another by a fold.
  • the second wall is previously separated from the first wall, then reported on it before a soldering step.
  • the doubled wall may comprise at least one angle to the right of which is provided a mechanical reinforcement device.
  • the latter prevents the angular inclination formed between the two parts of the lined wall which border the angle increases under the effect of pressure.
  • the mechanical reinforcement device is in particular a chamfer formed on the angle of the first wall.
  • this mechanical reinforcement device is advantageously a fillet formed on the angle of the second wall.
  • this reinforcing device can also be formed by the combination of chamfer and leave, formed on one or the other of the walls. Such an arrangement makes it possible to generate shapes that combine to oppose the mechanical stresses that the collector has undergone.
  • the first wall may comprise a first band forming a bottom of the housing and a first sidewall delimiting laterally the housing, the first band and the first side being connected by the chamfer.
  • the second wall may comprise a second band brazed against the first band, and a second side brazed against the first sidewall, the second band and the second side being connected by a leave chamfer distant .
  • the fillet and the chamfer form here the device of mechanical reinforcement, and such a distance between this fillet and this chamfer contributes significantly to increase the mechanical strength of the joining edge.
  • the end comprises a fold arranged so that a face of the second wall is brazed against the tube.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the fastening surface, in particular brazing, between the wall doubled and the tube or tubes, at the end.
  • the crimping device may comprise a plurality of crimping tabs from the first wall, which in the final state of manufacture of the heat exchanger, are folded over the heel of the lid.
  • the invention may also cover an intake gas cooling system of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchanger incorporating any of the features described above, wherein the first fluid is formed by the intake gas of the internal combustion engine, while the second fluid is formed by a flow of air outside the vehicle.
  • An advantage of the invention lies in the possibility of increasing in a simple manner the mechanical strength of the collector, in particular of its securing edge.
  • the fastening of the end generates an additional contact point on the tubes which then forms a recovery of forces, the latter significantly limiting the deformations of the fastening edge when the heat exchanger is subjected to pressure and / or temperature important internal
  • a heat exchanger provided with a doubled wall collector and whose end of this wall is secured to at least one tube channeling the first fluid, can withstand high pressures and high temperatures.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger according to the invention, partially showing two adjacent faces of this exchanger, as well as its collector
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating the securing of the collector on a lateral face of the heat exchange body, in section along the plane A illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating the securing of the collector on a longitudinal face of the heat exchange body, in section along the plane B illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention.
  • a heat exchanger is in particular a supercharged air cooler used to cool the intake gases of an internal combustion engine.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is configured to perform a heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged on the one hand, for channeling a first gaseous fluid such as a supercharged air flow, and on the other hand, to be traversed by a second gaseous fluid, such as a airflow surrounding the exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 1 may be an air / air heat exchanger fitted to a motor vehicle, the second fluid being a dynamic air flow set in motion by the movement of the vehicle or by a motor-fan unit mounted on the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 comprises an orthonormal marker which defines the heat exchanger 1, the axis OX representing a longitudinal dimension or length of the exchanger, the axis OY represents a lateral dimension or width of the exchanger, while the OZ axis represents a vertical dimension or height of the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange body 2 which forms the seat of the heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid. At each end of this heat exchange body 2, there is a collector 3 capped by a cover 4.
  • the collector 3 provides a distribution of the first fluid through a plurality of tubes 6 constituting the heat exchange body 2, the first fluid being channeled by the cover 4 to or from the collector 3.
  • the heat exchange body 2 further comprises a multiplicity of dissipation devices 7. Each of these is interposed between two adjacent tubes 6, so as to provide a space between the tubes in which the second fluid, that is to say the air flow dynamic, circulates.
  • a dissipation device is formed by an interlayer, in particular zigzag-shaped, and each vertex is secured to two adjacent tubes.
  • This interlayer may include louvers.
  • This dissipation device 7 may also be formed by a substantially flat metal sheet, on which is formed a multiplicity of louvers.
  • the lid 4 comprises at least one opening 5 through which the first fluid enters or leaves the heat exchanger 1.
  • the collector 3 is thus on one side brazed to the heat exchange body 2 and on the other, secured to the cover 4 by a crimping device 8 of the collector 3 on the cover 4.
  • a crimping device 8 is generally formed by a set of crimping tabs folded over an edge of the lid, hereinafter called heel.
  • the heat exchange body 2 has a rectangular section. It is thus delimited by an inlet face of the second fluid and by an outlet face of this second fluid, respectively called first longitudinal face 9 and second longitudinal face 1 0 of the heat exchange body 2. The latter is also delimited by a first lateral face 1 1 and a second lateral face 12 disposed between the first longitudinal face 9 and the second longitudinal face 10. The latter are perpendicular to the direction of movement of the second fluid, while the first lateral face 1 1 and the second lateral face 12 extend in planes parallel to this direction.
  • the heat exchange body 2 comprises the plurality of tubes 6 made integral with the collector 3 by soldering. These tubes are, for example, made to from a metal sheet folded on itself, so as to define an internal volume in which the first fluid flows, including the supercharged air flow.
  • a tube 6 is delimited by two parallel longitudinal walls, joined by two side walls. The longitudinal walls of the tubes are parallel to at least one of the side faces 1 1 or 12 which borders the heat exchange body 2. The side walls of the tubes thus extend in the plane of the first and / or second longitudinal face 9 , 1 0 of the heat exchange body 2.
  • the longitudinal wall or walls of the tubes 6 extend in an OX-OY plane, while the side walls of the tubes 6, although rounded shape, extend globally in a plane OX-OZ. It will be noted that the structure of each tube 6 is identical, the two tubes immediately adjacent to the side faces 11 and 12 of the heat exchange body 2 being hereinafter called terminal tubes 6a and 6b.
  • a turbulator can be installed inside the internal volume of each tube 6. This turbulator (not shown) disturbs the flow of the first fluid in the tube 6, so as to maximize the heat transfer between the first fluid and the walls defining the tube 6. This turbulator can also be secured to the two longitudinal walls of the tube so as to increase the mechanical strength of such a tube.
  • FIG. 2 shows the collector 3, seen at an angle formed between a first longitudinal face 9 and a first lateral face 1 1 of the heat exchange body 2.
  • the collector 3 comprises a bottom plate receiving one end of the tubes 6, invisible in this figure, surrounded by an edge 1 3 for securing the lid 4.
  • the heat exchange body 2 comprises its plurality of tubes 6 between which is disposed the heat dissipating device 7, for example a interlayer.
  • the first side face 1 1 of the heat exchange body 2 is formed by a cheek 14, that is to say a metal plate, in particular rectilinear. Between the end tube 6b and this cheek 14, there is a dissipation device 7 brazed on the cheek and on the longitudinal wall of the end tube 6b.
  • the edge 1 3 for securing the lid receives a heel 15 of the lid 4 formed on a peripheral edge delimiting the opening of this lid 4.
  • Such heel takes the form of a shoulder formed by an increase in the thickness of the lid. level of this opening.
  • the joining edge 13 is formed by a doubled wall 16, the latter extending all around the heat exchanger 1, that is to say along the two lateral faces and the two longitudinal faces defining the body.
  • a doubled wall 16 extending all around the heat exchanger 1, that is to say along the two lateral faces and the two longitudinal faces defining the body.
  • this lined wall 16 is formed by a first wall 21 and a second wall 22 brazed against the first wall 21 , the doubled wall further comprising a fold 23 forming a 180 ° elbow which connects the first wall 21 to the second wall 22.
  • the doubled wall 1 6 comprises at least one end 17 secured to at least one tube 6, 6a, 6b constituting the heat exchange body 2. Such a connection may occur either only along one or more side faces January 1, 12 delimiting the heat exchange body 2, either only along one or more longitudinal faces 9, 10 delimiting the heat exchange body 2, or both along one or more lateral and longitudinal sides of the body heat exchange 2.
  • the end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is secured along the two lateral faces and the two longitudinal faces of the heat exchange body 2.
  • the end 1 7 of the doubled wall 16 is brazed to the side wall 18 of at least one tube 6, and preferably on the side wall of each tube 6 constituting the heat exchange body 2.
  • FIG. 2 also illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the crimping device 8.
  • the latter comprises a plurality of crimping tabs 20 which are folded over the heel 15 of the lid 4.
  • the crimping tabs 20 come from the first wall 21.
  • Figure 3 is a view showing in detail the positioning of the cover 4 in the manifold 3, and the connection between the manifold 3 and the end tube 6a or 6b. This representation illustrates a section taken in the plane A shown in FIG.
  • the collector 3 comprises a bottom plate 24 surrounded by the fastening edge 13 of the lid 4.
  • the bottom plate 24 is provided with oblong-shaped openings which receive one end of each tube 6. These openings may be provided with a collar 25, oriented for example towards the heat exchange body 2 or towards the lid 4.
  • the fastening edge 13 forms a peripheral belt around the bottom plate 24, this fastening edge being preferentially made of material with the bottom plate 24.
  • this edge 1 3 for securing the cover 4 is formed by the doubled wall 16, the latter ending at the end 1 7 at least partially secured to one or more tubes, in particular on the one and / or the other end tubes 6a, 6b constituting the heat exchange body 2.
  • doubled means that the fastening edge 13 is reinforced by the arrangement of two thicknesses of walls pressed against each other.
  • the doubled wall 1 6 is thus formed by a first wall 21 and a second wall 22 immediately adjacent to the first wall 21, and which follows the contours.
  • the second wall 22 is rendered at least partially integral with the first wall 21 by a solder between these two walls.
  • the first wall 21 is also secured to the second wall 22 by means of a fold.
  • the first wall 21 and the second wall 22 come from a same metal sheet which has been bent at 180 ° at the fold 23 to press the second wall 22 against the first wall 21.
  • the second wall 22 is made of material with the first wall 21.
  • the second wall 22 may be a part previously distinct from the first wall 21, and attached before soldering against the latter, so as to form the doubled wall 1 6 once secured to one another, particularly by brazing.
  • a thickness of the doubled wall 16 is at least twice greater than a thickness of the bottom plate 24.
  • the thickness of the doubled wall 16 is strictly equal to twice the thickness of the bottom wall 24.
  • the thickness of the doubled wall 16 is measured in the direction OX, while the thickness of the bottom plate 24 is measured in a direction OZ, these two directions being represented in this figure.
  • the edge 13 for securing the lid 4 delimits, at least in part, a housing 26 for receiving the heel 15 formed at the edge of the opening of the lid 4.
  • the bottom plate 24 is as for it prolonged by a strip 27 which extends in a direction at least transverse, and preferably perpendicular to the plane of extension of the bottom plate 24, that is to say the plane in which the openings of reception of the tube ends 6 extend.
  • the housing 26 which receives the heel 1 5 of the cover is thus bordered on one side by the strip 27 and on the other by the first wall 21 constituting the doubled wall 16.
  • the strip 27 is here separated from the longitudinal wall 19 of the end tube 6a, 6b, due to the presence of a collar 25.
  • this housing 26 can receive a seal 35 ensuring a seal between the first fluid and the environment surrounding the heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • This seal 35 is thus pressed against the heel 1 5, against the strip 27 and against the first wall 21 at the housing 26.
  • the first wall 21 comprises a first strip 28 extended by a first sidewall 29.
  • the first band 28 forms the bottom of the housing 26 against which the seal 35 bears.
  • the first flank 29 extends at least in part to the right of the housing 26, in particular laterally to it.
  • the first band 28 and the first sidewall 29 are particularly flat.
  • the mechanical reinforcement device takes the form of a chamfer 30, that is to say - Say a substantially flat edge and inclined relative to the first band 28 and relative to the first sidewall 29.
  • This chamfer 30 thus connects the first band 28 to the first sidewall 29, this chamfer being a member participating in the mechanical reinforcement of the edge 13 of securing the lid 4.
  • the second wall 22 of the doubled wall 16 comprises a second band 31 extended by a second flank 32.
  • the second band 31 extends in a plane parallel to the plane of extension of the first band 28, these two strips being made integral with each other. one from the other by a brazed connection.
  • the second flank 32 extends in a plane parallel to the plane of extension of the first flank 29 and is brazed against it.
  • the second band 31 is joined to the second flank 32 by a fillet 33, that is to say a rounded section edge.
  • This leave 33 forms a second embodiment of the device for mechanical reinforcement of the doubled wall 16.
  • This leave 33 is opposite the chamfer 30, and it is configured to be separated from this chamfer 30, such an arrangement contributing to increase the mechanical strength of the doubled wall 16.
  • the second band 31 and the second flank 32 are for example flat. This combination of the chamfer 30 with the fillet 33 forms a third variant of the mechanical reinforcement means of the doubled wall 16.
  • this mechanical reinforcement device can be formed either only by the chamfer 30, or only by the fillet 33, or by the combination of this chamfer 30 with the fillet 33, such a combination which further makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the doubled wall 1 6.
  • this reinforcement means may also be formed when the first wall 21 and the second wall 22 each comprise an angle, the angle formed on the first wall 21 having a shape, seen in section, different from the angle formed on the second wall 22, these two angles being opposite one another.
  • the end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is formed by an end portion of the second band 31. According to an embodiment not shown, it is a portion of the second band 31 which is brazed against the end tube 6a, 6b.
  • the end 1 7 comprises a fold 34 oriented so that one or the other of the faces defining the second band 31 is supported and brazed against the terminal tube 6a, 6b .
  • the fold 34 forms a 90 ° angle facing the heat exchange body 2, that is to say the opposite of the lid 4 secured to the collector 3 concerned.
  • the doubled wall 1 6 comprises a series of crimping tabs 20 formed by portions which extend the first wall 21.
  • these crimping tabs 20 are shown before folding on the heel 15 of the cover 4. In the final assembly position, these crimping tabs are pressed against the heel 15 of the cover 4, so as to exert a compressive force against the seal 35.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged so that the doubled wall 1 6 is not in contact with the cheek 14 and / or with the dissipation device 7.
  • the cheek 14 is installed in the heat exchange body 2 so as to provide a distance of at least 0.1 mm from the doubled wall 16 In the example of FIG. 3, this distance is referenced D- 1 and is measured in the direction OZ between an end portion of the cheek 14 and the fillet 33, or the second band 31.
  • the distance Di is at most equal to 12 mm.
  • the dissipation device 7 is interposed between the cheek 14 and the end tube 6a, 6b.
  • the dissipation device 7 is secured in the heat exchange body 2 so as to respect a separation distance D 2 of the doubled wall 16, including its end 17, at least equal to at 0.1 mm.
  • This distance D 2 is measured, for example, between a last vertex of the dissipation device 7 and the second band 31, or the edge of the end 17.
  • the distance D 2 is at most equal to 10 mm.
  • the end of each tube 6 is connected to the bottom plate 24 by brazing made at the collar 25.
  • the edge 13 for securing the lid is substantially reinforced when a distance referenced D 3 is provided between the bottom plate 24 and the end 17 of the doubled wall 1 6 soldered against the end tube 6a, 6b.
  • a distance is at least 2 mm.
  • This distance D 3 is measured, for example, between a face of the bottom plate facing the heat exchange body 2 and a plane passing through a face of the second wall 22 soldered against the first wall 21.
  • the distance D 3 is at most equal to 6.5 mm.
  • Figure 4 is a view showing in detail the connection between the collector 3 and the side wall 18 of the tubes 6, 6a, 6b constituting the heat exchange body 2. This representation illustrates a section taken in the plane B shown in FIG. 1. We will attempt to describe the differences with FIG. 3, and reference will be made to the description with reference to this to implement the structure of the common elements represented in FIG. 4.
  • the strip 27 arranged perpendicularly to the bottom plate 24 is brazed against the side wall 1 8 delimiting at least one tube 6 of the heat exchange body 2.
  • soldering is performed against the side wall of each tube 6, including the end tubes 6a, 6b.
  • This brazing is carried out over a distance referenced D 4 which is minimum equal to 1 mm and maximum equal to 7.5 mm.
  • This distance D 4 is measured, for example, between an edge delimiting the opening of the tubes at the bottom plate 24 and a straight line passing through the bottom of the housing 26 delimited by the first band 28 constituting the first wall 21.
  • the end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is also secured against the side wall 18 of at least one tube 6, similarly to the solutions described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • this brazing of the end 17 is made against the side wall of each tube 6, including the end tubes 6a. , 6b
  • the heat exchange body 2 and the collector 4 can be made from an aluminum alloy.
  • the cover 4 can in turn be made of an aluminum alloy or a synthetic material.
  • the heat exchanger 1 described above can be integrated into an intake or exhaust gas cooling system of an internal combustion engine.
  • the first fluid is formed by the intake gases, in particular a supercharged air flow
  • the second fluid is formed by a flow of air, for example outside the vehicle which receives such a system of air. cooling.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is thus arranged so that the second fluid passes through the heat exchange body 2, dissipating the heat generated by the first fluid in the second fluid, by means of the tubes and dissipation devices.
  • the second fluid passes through the heat exchange body 2 in a direction perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, the direction of movement of the first fluid in the tubes 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger including a heat exchange body (2), at least one cover (4), and a collector (3) connecting the cover (4) to the heat exchange body (2) by means of a crimping device originating from the collector (3) and folded onto the cover (4), the heat exchange body (2) including a plurality of tubes (6a, 6b) capable of channeling a first fluid, the collector (3) including a bottom plate (24) surrounded by a securing edge (13) of the cover (4), characterized in that the bottom plate (24) and the securing edge (13) define a cavity (26) for receiving a lug (15) of the cover (4), the securing edge (13) being formed by a double wall (16), one end (17) of which is secured to at least one tube (6a, 6b).

Description

ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR A COLLECTEUR RENFORCE  HEAT EXCHANGER WITH REINFORCED COLLECTOR
Le secteur technique de la présente invention est celui des échangeurs de chaleur configurés pour réaliser un échange thermique entre un premier fluide et un deuxième fluide, plus particulièrement destinés à être installés dans un véhicule automobile. Un tel échangeur de chaleur est, par exemple, un refroidisseur d'air suralimenté. The technical sector of the present invention is that of heat exchangers configured to perform a heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, more particularly intended to be installed in a motor vehicle. Such a heat exchanger is, for example, a supercharged air cooler.
Un véhicule automobile peut classiquement être équipé d'un moteur à combustion interne combiné à un turbocompresseur. Ce dernier provoque une élévation de la température des gaz d'admission, ce qui nuit au bon remplissage des chambres de combustion du moteur. C'est la raison pour laquelle il est connu de compléter cette configuration par l'adjonction d'un échangeur de chaleur, dont la fonction est de refroidir les gaz d'admission avant leurs entrées dans ces chambres de combustion, ce qui permet d'augmenter la densité des gaz d'admission et ainsi améliorer le rapport stœchiométrique dans les chambres de combustion. A motor vehicle can conventionally be equipped with an internal combustion engine combined with a turbocharger. This causes a rise in the temperature of the intake gas, which affects the correct filling of the combustion chambers of the engine. This is the reason why it is known to complete this configuration by the addition of a heat exchanger, the function of which is to cool the intake gases before their entry into these combustion chambers, which makes it possible to increase the density of the inlet gases and thus improve the stoichiometric ratio in the combustion chambers.
Un tel échangeur de chaleur comprend classiquement une pluralité de tubes dans lesquels circulent les gaz d'admission, les espaces entre les tubes étant quant à eux parcourus par un fluide de refroidissement. En entrée ou en sortie de cet échangeur, les gaz d'admission sont canalisés par un couvercle rendu solidaire d'un collecteur, ce dernier étant configuré pour recevoir de manière étanche l'extrémité de chaque tube par laquelle les gaz d'admission entrent. Such a heat exchanger conventionally comprises a plurality of tubes in which the inlet gases circulate, the spaces between the tubes being for their part traversed by a cooling fluid. At the inlet or outlet of this exchanger, the inlet gases are channeled by a lid secured to a manifold, the latter being configured to sealingly receive the end of each tube through which the inlet gases enter.
De nouvelles techniques de suralimentation font leurs apparitions. Il est ainsi connu de combiner le moteur à combustion interne avec deux ou trois turbocompresseurs. Cette combinaison s'accompagne d'une élévation de la pression et de la température des gaz d'admission. Les contraintes mécaniques que subissent les échangeurs de suralimentation deviennent extrêmement importantes, puisque la pression des gaz d'admission peut atteindre 4 bars. Les échangeurs de chaleur connus à ce jour ne sont donc pas adaptés pour résister à de tels niveaux de pression ou de température, et des fuites peuvent apparaître en particulier au droit de la jonction qui relie le couvercle au collecteur. New supercharging techniques make their appearances. It is thus known to combine the internal combustion engine with two or three turbochargers. This combination is accompanied by an increase in the pressure and the temperature of the inlet gases. The mechanical stresses experienced by the charge exchangers become extremely important, since the pressure of the inlet gases can reach 4 bars. The heat exchangers known to date are therefore not adapted to withstand such pressure or temperature levels, and leaks may appear in particular to the right of the junction which connects the cover to the collector.
Le document US2003/0217838A1 divulgue une solution de renforcement d'un bord périphérique du collecteur. Bien qu'améliorant la situation, une telle solution n'est cependant pas adaptée pour des conceptions d'échangeurs air/air, subissant une forte pression interne et où un couvercle est retenu sur le collecteur au moyen d'un sertissage mécanique. Une solidarisation par sertissage présente certains avantages, mais elle est plus sensible aux phénomènes de déformation du couvercle et de dilatations thermiques, ces phénomènes étant moins problématiques dans le cas d'une solidarisation du couvercle par soudage sur le collecteur. Il existe ainsi un besoin d'améliorer la gestion de l'étanchéité entre le volume interne de l'échangeur de chaleur et son environnement pour des échangeurs de chaleur à couvercle serti. Le but de la présente invention est donc de résoudre l'inconvénient décrit ci- dessus principalement en renforçant le bord périphérique du collecteur, ce dernier étant tout particulièrement agencé pour recevoir et solidariser par sertissage un couvercle. L'invention propose de ménager des reprises d'efforts sur un composant du corps d'échange thermique, en particulier sur le ou les tubes au travers desquels les gaz d'admission soumis à haute pression passent. Document US2003 / 0217838A1 discloses a solution for reinforcing a peripheral edge of the collector. Although improving the situation, such a solution is however not suitable for air / air heat exchanger designs, undergoing a high internal pressure and where a cover is retained on the manifold by means of mechanical crimping. Crimped jointing has certain advantages, but it is more sensitive to the phenomena of deformation of the cover and thermal expansion, these phenomena being less problematic in the case of a joining of the cover by welding on the collector. There is thus a need to improve the management of the seal between the internal volume of the heat exchanger and its environment for heat exchangers crimped cover. The object of the present invention is therefore to solve the disadvantage described above mainly by reinforcing the peripheral edge of the manifold, the latter being particularly designed to receive and secure by crimping a lid. The invention proposes to provide stress recoveries on a component of the heat exchange body, in particular on the tube or tubes through which the inlet gases subjected to high pressure pass.
L'invention a donc pour objet un échangeur de chaleur comprenant un corps d'échange thermique, au moins un couvercle et un collecteur reliant le couvercle au corps d'échange thermique à l'aide d'un dispositif de sertissage issu du collecteur et replié sur le couvercle, le corps d'échange thermique comprenant une pluralité de tubes aptes à canaliser un premier fluide, le collecteur comprenant une plaque de fond entourée par un bord de solidarisation du couvercle, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de fond et le bord de solidarisation délimitent un logement de réception d'un talon du couvercle, le bord de solidarisation étant formé par une paroi doublée dont une extrémité est solidarisée sur au moins un tube constitutif du corps d'échange thermique. La solidarisation de l'extrémité de la paroi doublée sur au moins un tube assure ainsi une reprise d'efforts mécaniques qui contribue significativement à augmenter la résistance mécanique du bord de solidarisation à l'encontre des contraintes générées par la pression ou la température du premier fluide apte à circuler à l'intérieur de l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention. On notera que le corps d'échange thermique peut également comprendre une multiplicité de dispositifs de dissipation interposés entre les tubes et en contact avec un deuxième fluide apte à traverser le corps d'échange thermique. The invention therefore relates to a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange body, at least one cover and a collector connecting the cover to the heat exchange body with a crimping device from the collector and folded on the lid, the heat exchange body comprising a plurality of tubes adapted to channel a first fluid, the manifold comprising a bottom plate surrounded by a lid fastening edge, characterized in that the bottom plate and the edge of fastening delimit a receiving housing of a heel cover, the fastening edge being formed by a lined wall, one end of which is secured to at least one constituent tube of the heat exchange body. The fastening of the end of the lined wall on at least one tube thus ensures a recovery of mechanical forces which contributes significantly to increasing the resistance mechanical solidarity edge against the constraints generated by the pressure or the temperature of the first fluid able to circulate inside the heat exchanger according to the invention. It will be noted that the heat exchange body may also comprise a multiplicity of dissipation devices interposed between the tubes and in contact with a second fluid able to pass through the heat exchange body.
Selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, l'extrémité de la paroi doublée est solidarisée sur une pluralité de tubes. On vise ici le cas où l'extrémité s'étend le long d'une face longitudinale de l'échangeur, l'extrémité étant alors brasée sur une paroi latérale de plusieurs tubes bordant la face longitudinale. According to a first characteristic of the invention, the end of the doubled wall is secured to a plurality of tubes. It is intended here the case where the end extends along a longitudinal face of the exchanger, the end then being brazed to a side wall of several tubes bordering the longitudinal face.
Selon une deuxième caractéristique de l'invention, un tube comprend deux parois longitudinales jointes l'une à l'autre par deux parois latérales, le bord de solidarisation comprenant un bandeau transversal à la plaque de fond et solidarisé contre au moins une des parois latérales d'au moins un tube sur une longueur au moins égale à 1 mm. Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention alternative ou complémentaire, l'extrémité est solidarisée contre une paroi longitudinale d'un tube terminal du corps d'échange thermique. According to a second characteristic of the invention, a tube comprises two longitudinal walls joined to one another by two side walls, the fastening edge comprising a strip transverse to the bottom plate and secured against at least one of the side walls. at least one tube over a length of at least 1 mm. According to another characteristic of the alternative or complementary invention, the end is secured against a longitudinal wall of a terminal tube of the heat exchange body.
L'une ou l'autre des solutions évoquées ci-dessous permet de ménager une reprise d'efforts mécaniques le long de la face concernée de l'échangeur, et avantageusement sur toutes les faces qui délimitent le corps d'échange thermique. One or the other of the solutions mentioned below makes it possible to provide for a recovery of mechanical forces along the relevant face of the exchanger, and advantageously on all the faces which delimit the heat exchange body.
Selon encore une caractéristique de l'invention, le corps d'échange thermique est terminé latéralement par une joue installée à une distance au moins égale à 0.1 mm de la paroi doublée, cette distance étant un minimum pour éviter un brasage entre les deux éléments concernés. Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, un dispositif de dissipation est intercalé entre la joue et le tube terminal, le dispositif de dissipation étant à une distance au moins égale à 0.1 mm de la paroi doublée, cette distance étant un minimum pour éviter un brasage entre les deux éléments concernés. According to another characteristic of the invention, the heat exchange body is finished laterally by a cheek installed at a distance at least equal to 0.1 mm from the doubled wall, this distance being a minimum to avoid brazing between the two elements concerned. . According to yet another characteristic of the invention, a dissipation device is interposed between the cheek and the end tube, the dissipation device being at a distance at least equal to 0.1 mm from the doubled wall, this distance being a minimum to avoid soldering between the two elements concerned.
Les deux solutions techniques présentées ci-dessus permettent de découpler thermiquement le collecteur de la joue et/ou du dispositif de dissipation, ce qui offre la possibilité d'éviter des contraintes mécaniques consécutives à des différences de dilatations thermiques entre le collecteur en contact avec le premier fluide, et la joue et/ou le dispositif de dissipation, en contact avec le deuxième fluide. The two technical solutions presented above make it possible to thermally decouple the collector from the cheek and / or the dissipation device, which offers the possibility of avoiding mechanical stresses resulting from differences in thermal expansion between the collector in contact with the collector. first fluid, and the cheek and / or the dissipation device, in contact with the second fluid.
L'échangeur selon l'invention peut être configuré pour qu'une distance au moins égale à 2 mm soit prévue entre la plaque de fond et l'extrémité de la paroi doublée. Une telle distance permet de former une jambe de force au moyen de l'extrémité brasée sur le tube. Une telle jambe de force s'oppose à un phénomène d'ouverture du bord de solidarisation sous l'effet de la pression dans le couvercle, ce qui permet d'augmenter le niveau de fiabilité de l'étanchéité par sertissage. Avantageusement, la plaque de fond comprend au moins une ouverture dans laquelle se loge une extrémité de tube, ladite ouverture étant bordée par un collet tourné vers le corps d'échange de chaleur. Une telle disposition permet d'obtenir une face de la plaque de fond tournée vers le couvercle sensiblement plane, ce qui contribue à améliorer la résistance mécanique de l'échangeur de chaleur. The exchanger according to the invention can be configured so that a distance at least equal to 2 mm is provided between the bottom plate and the end of the doubled wall. Such a distance makes it possible to form a strut by means of the brazed end on the tube. Such a strut opposes a phenomenon of opening of the fastening edge under the effect of the pressure in the lid, which increases the level of reliability of the sealing by crimping. Advantageously, the bottom plate comprises at least one opening in which is housed a tube end, said opening being bordered by a collar turned towards the heat exchange body. Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a face of the base plate turned towards the substantially flat cover, which contributes to improving the mechanical strength of the heat exchanger.
Un tel échangeur peut comprendre un joint installé dans le logement de réception, au moins entre le talon du couvercle et le bord de solidarisation. La paroi doublée est formée par une première paroi et une deuxième paroi brasée contre la première paroi. Selon une première alternative, la première et la deuxième paroi sont issues d'une même feuille métallique et reliées l'une à l'autre par un repli. Selon une deuxième alternative, la deuxième paroi est préalablement séparée de la première paroi, puis rapportée sur celle-ci avant une étape de brasage. Such an exchanger may comprise a seal installed in the receiving housing, at least between the heel of the cover and the securing edge. The lined wall is formed by a first wall and a second wall brazed against the first wall. According to a first alternative, the first and second walls come from the same metal sheet and connected to one another by a fold. According to a second alternative, the second wall is previously separated from the first wall, then reported on it before a soldering step.
La paroi doublée peut comprendre au moins un angle au droit duquel est ménagé un dispositif de renforcement mécanique. Ce dernier évite que l'inclinaison angulaire formée entre les deux parties de la paroi doublée qui bordent l'angle n'augmente sous l'effet de la pression. The doubled wall may comprise at least one angle to the right of which is provided a mechanical reinforcement device. The latter prevents the angular inclination formed between the two parts of the lined wall which border the angle increases under the effect of pressure.
Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de renforcement mécanique est notamment un chanfrein ménagé sur l'angle de la première paroi. Alternativement, ce dispositif de renforcement mécanique est avantageusement un congé ménagé sur l'angle de la deuxième paroi. According to an exemplary embodiment, the mechanical reinforcement device is in particular a chamfer formed on the angle of the first wall. Alternatively, this mechanical reinforcement device is advantageously a fillet formed on the angle of the second wall.
On notera que ce dispositif de renforcement peut également être formé par la combinaison du chanfrein et du congé, ménagé sur l'une ou l'autre des parois. Une telle disposition permet de générer des formes qui se combinent pour s'opposer aux contraintes mécaniques que le collecteur subi. Note that this reinforcing device can also be formed by the combination of chamfer and leave, formed on one or the other of the walls. Such an arrangement makes it possible to generate shapes that combine to oppose the mechanical stresses that the collector has undergone.
La première paroi peut comprendre une première bande formant un fond du logement et un premier flanc délimitant latéralement le logement, la première bande et le premier flanc étant reliés par le chanfrein. The first wall may comprise a first band forming a bottom of the housing and a first sidewall delimiting laterally the housing, the first band and the first side being connected by the chamfer.
Selon encore une caractéristique de l'invention, la deuxième paroi peut comprendre une deuxième bande brasée contre la première bande, ainsi qu'un deuxième flanc brasé contre le premier flanc, la deuxième bande et le deuxième flanc étant reliés par un congé distant du chanfrein. Le congé et le chanfrein forment ici le dispositif de renforcement mécanique, et une telle distance entre ce congé et ce chanfrein contribue significativement à augmenter la tenue mécanique du bord de solidarisation. According to another characteristic of the invention, the second wall may comprise a second band brazed against the first band, and a second side brazed against the first sidewall, the second band and the second side being connected by a leave chamfer distant . The fillet and the chamfer form here the device of mechanical reinforcement, and such a distance between this fillet and this chamfer contributes significantly to increase the mechanical strength of the joining edge.
Avantageusement, l'extrémité comprend un pli agencé pour qu'une face de la deuxième paroi soit brasée contre le tube. Une telle disposition permet d'augmenter la surface de solidarisation, notamment de brasage, entre la paroi doublée et le ou les tubes, au niveau de l'extrémité. Advantageously, the end comprises a fold arranged so that a face of the second wall is brazed against the tube. Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the fastening surface, in particular brazing, between the wall doubled and the tube or tubes, at the end.
Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de sertissage peut comprendre une pluralité de pattes de sertissage issues de la première paroi, qui à l'état final de fabrication de l'échangeur de chaleur, sont repliées sur le talon du couvercle. According to an exemplary embodiment, the crimping device may comprise a plurality of crimping tabs from the first wall, which in the final state of manufacture of the heat exchanger, are folded over the heel of the lid.
L'invention peut également couvrir un système de refroidissement de gaz d'admission d'un moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile, comprenant un échangeur de chaleur intégrant l'une quelconque des caractéristiques décrites ci-dessus, dans lequel le premier fluide est formé par les gaz d'admission du moteur à combustion interne, alors que le deuxième fluide est formé par un flux d'air extérieur au véhicule. The invention may also cover an intake gas cooling system of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchanger incorporating any of the features described above, wherein the first fluid is formed by the intake gas of the internal combustion engine, while the second fluid is formed by a flow of air outside the vehicle.
Un avantage de l'invention réside dans la possibilité d'augmenter de manière simple la résistance mécanique du collecteur, en particulier de son bord de solidarisation. La solidarisation de l'extrémité génère un point de contact additionnel sur les tubes qui forme alors une reprise d'efforts, cette dernière limitant significativement les déformations du bord de solidarisation quand l'échangeur de chaleur est soumis à une pression et/ou une température interne importante. C'est ainsi qu'un échangeur de chaleur, muni d'un collecteur à paroi doublée et dont l'extrémité de cette paroi est rendue solidaire d'au moins un tube canalisant le premier fluide, peut résister à des pressions et des températures élevées. D'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de l'invention ressortiront plus clairement à la lecture de la description donnée ci-après à titre indicatif en relation avec des dessins dans lesquels : An advantage of the invention lies in the possibility of increasing in a simple manner the mechanical strength of the collector, in particular of its securing edge. The fastening of the end generates an additional contact point on the tubes which then forms a recovery of forces, the latter significantly limiting the deformations of the fastening edge when the heat exchanger is subjected to pressure and / or temperature important internal Thus, a heat exchanger, provided with a doubled wall collector and whose end of this wall is secured to at least one tube channeling the first fluid, can withstand high pressures and high temperatures. . Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description given below as an indication in relation to drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention, montrant partiellement deux faces adjacentes de cet échangeur, ainsi que son collecteur, - la figure 3 est une vue illustrant la solidarisation du collecteur sur une face latérale du corps d'échange thermique, en coupe selon le plan A illustré sur la figure 1 , FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger according to the invention, partially showing two adjacent faces of this exchanger, as well as its collector, FIG. 3 is a view illustrating the securing of the collector on a lateral face of the heat exchange body, in section along the plane A illustrated in FIG. 1;
- la figure 4 est une vue illustrant la solidarisation du collecteur sur une face longitudinale du corps d'échange thermique, en coupe selon le plan B illustré sur la figure 1 .  FIG. 4 is a view illustrating the securing of the collector on a longitudinal face of the heat exchange body, in section along the plane B illustrated in FIG. 1.
La figure 1 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'un échangeur de chaleur 1 selon l'invention. Un tel échangeur de chaleur est notamment une refroidisseur d'air suralimenté utilisé pour refroidir des gaz d'admission d'un moteur à combustion interne. FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention. Such a heat exchanger is in particular a supercharged air cooler used to cool the intake gases of an internal combustion engine.
L'échangeur de chaleur 1 selon l'invention est configuré pour réaliser un échange thermique entre un premier fluide et un deuxième fluide. De manière particulière, l'échangeur de chaleur est agencé d'une part, pour canaliser un premier fluide gazeux tel qu'un flux d'air suralimenté, et d'autre part, être traversé par un deuxième fluide gazeux, tel qu'un flux d'air environnant l'échangeur. Ainsi, l'échangeur de chaleur 1 peut être un échangeur air/air équipant un véhicule automobile, le deuxième fluide étant un flux d'air dynamique mis en mouvement par le déplacement du véhicule ou par un groupe moto-ventilateur monté sur le véhicule. The heat exchanger 1 according to the invention is configured to perform a heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid. In particular, the heat exchanger is arranged on the one hand, for channeling a first gaseous fluid such as a supercharged air flow, and on the other hand, to be traversed by a second gaseous fluid, such as a airflow surrounding the exchanger. Thus, the heat exchanger 1 may be an air / air heat exchanger fitted to a motor vehicle, the second fluid being a dynamic air flow set in motion by the movement of the vehicle or by a motor-fan unit mounted on the vehicle.
La figure 1 comporte un repère orthonormé qui définit l'échangeur de chaleur 1 , l'axe OX représentant une dimension longitudinale ou longueur de l'échangeur, l'axe OY représente une dimension latérale ou largeur de l'échangeur, alors que l'axe OZ représente une dimension verticale ou hauteur de l'échangeur de chaleur 1 selon l'invention. FIG. 1 comprises an orthonormal marker which defines the heat exchanger 1, the axis OX representing a longitudinal dimension or length of the exchanger, the axis OY represents a lateral dimension or width of the exchanger, while the OZ axis represents a vertical dimension or height of the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention.
L'échangeur de chaleur 1 selon l'invention comprend un corps d'échange thermique 2 qui forme le siège de l'échange thermique entre le premier fluide et le deuxième fluide. A chaque extrémité de ce corps d'échange thermique 2, on trouve un collecteur 3 coiffé par un couvercle 4. Le collecteur 3 assure une distribution du premier fluide au travers d'une pluralité de tubes 6 constitutifs du corps d'échange thermique 2, ce premier fluide étant canalisé par le couvercle 4 vers ou depuis le collecteur 3. Le corps d'échange thermique 2 comprend encore une multiplicité de dispositifs de dissipation 7. Chacun de ceux-ci est interposé entre deux tubes 6 adjacents, de manière à ménager un espace entre les tubes dans lequel le deuxième fluide, c'est-à-dire le flux d'air dynamique, circule. The heat exchanger 1 according to the invention comprises a heat exchange body 2 which forms the seat of the heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid. At each end of this heat exchange body 2, there is a collector 3 capped by a cover 4. The collector 3 provides a distribution of the first fluid through a plurality of tubes 6 constituting the heat exchange body 2, the first fluid being channeled by the cover 4 to or from the collector 3. The heat exchange body 2 further comprises a multiplicity of dissipation devices 7. Each of these is interposed between two adjacent tubes 6, so as to provide a space between the tubes in which the second fluid, that is to say the air flow dynamic, circulates.
Selon un exemple de réalisation, un dispositif de dissipation est formé par un intercalaire, notamment en forme de zigzag, et dont chaque sommet est rendu solidaire de deux tubes adjacents. Cet intercalaire peut comporter des persiennes. Ce dispositif de dissipation 7 peut également être formé par une feuille métallique sensiblement plane, sur laquelle est formée une multiplicité de persiennes. Le couvercle 4 comprend au moins une ouverture 5 par laquelle le premier fluide entre ou sort de l'échangeur de chaleur 1 . Le collecteur 3 est ainsi d'un côté brasé sur le corps d'échange thermique 2 et de l'autre, rendu solidaire du couvercle 4 par un dispositif de sertissage 8 du collecteur 3 sur le couvercle 4. Un tel dispositif de sertissage 8 est globalement formé par un ensemble de pattes de sertissage repliés sur un bord du couvercle, ci-après appelé talon. According to an exemplary embodiment, a dissipation device is formed by an interlayer, in particular zigzag-shaped, and each vertex is secured to two adjacent tubes. This interlayer may include louvers. This dissipation device 7 may also be formed by a substantially flat metal sheet, on which is formed a multiplicity of louvers. The lid 4 comprises at least one opening 5 through which the first fluid enters or leaves the heat exchanger 1. The collector 3 is thus on one side brazed to the heat exchange body 2 and on the other, secured to the cover 4 by a crimping device 8 of the collector 3 on the cover 4. Such a crimping device 8 is generally formed by a set of crimping tabs folded over an edge of the lid, hereinafter called heel.
Le corps d'échange thermique 2 présente une section rectangulaire. Il est ainsi délimité par une face d'entrée du deuxième fluide et par une face de sortie de ce deuxième fluide, respectivement appelées première face longitudinale 9 et deuxième face longitudinale 1 0 du corps d'échange thermique 2. Ce dernier est également délimité par une première face latérale 1 1 et par une deuxième face latérale 12 disposées entre la première face longitudinale 9 et la deuxième face longitudinale 10. Ces dernières sont perpendiculaires à la direction de déplacement du deuxième fluide, alors que la première face latérale 1 1 et la deuxième face latérale 12 s'étendent dans des plans parallèles à cette direction. The heat exchange body 2 has a rectangular section. It is thus delimited by an inlet face of the second fluid and by an outlet face of this second fluid, respectively called first longitudinal face 9 and second longitudinal face 1 0 of the heat exchange body 2. The latter is also delimited by a first lateral face 1 1 and a second lateral face 12 disposed between the first longitudinal face 9 and the second longitudinal face 10. The latter are perpendicular to the direction of movement of the second fluid, while the first lateral face 1 1 and the second lateral face 12 extend in planes parallel to this direction.
Le corps d'échange thermique 2 comprend la pluralité de tubes 6 rendue solidaire du collecteur 3 par brasage. Ces tubes sont, par exemple, réalisés à partir d'une feuille métallique repliée sur elle même, de manière à délimiter un volume interne dans lequel circule le premier fluide, notamment le flux d'air suralimenté. Un tube 6 est délimité par deux parois longitudinales parallèles, jointes par deux parois latérales. Les parois longitudinales des tubes sont parallèles à au moins une des faces latérales 1 1 ou 12 qui borde le corps d'échange thermique 2. Les parois latérales des tubes s'étendent ainsi dans le plan de la première et/ou deuxième face longitudinale 9, 1 0 du corps d'échange thermique 2. The heat exchange body 2 comprises the plurality of tubes 6 made integral with the collector 3 by soldering. These tubes are, for example, made to from a metal sheet folded on itself, so as to define an internal volume in which the first fluid flows, including the supercharged air flow. A tube 6 is delimited by two parallel longitudinal walls, joined by two side walls. The longitudinal walls of the tubes are parallel to at least one of the side faces 1 1 or 12 which borders the heat exchange body 2. The side walls of the tubes thus extend in the plane of the first and / or second longitudinal face 9 , 1 0 of the heat exchange body 2.
La ou les parois longitudinales des tubes 6 s'étendent dans un plan OX-OY, alors que les parois latérales des tubes 6, bien que forme arrondie, s'étendent globalement dans un plan OX-OZ. On notera que la structure de chaque tube 6 est identique, les deux tubes immédiatement adjacents aux faces latérales 1 1 et 1 2 du corps d'échange thermique 2 étant ci-après appelés tubes terminaux 6a et 6b. The longitudinal wall or walls of the tubes 6 extend in an OX-OY plane, while the side walls of the tubes 6, although rounded shape, extend globally in a plane OX-OZ. It will be noted that the structure of each tube 6 is identical, the two tubes immediately adjacent to the side faces 11 and 12 of the heat exchange body 2 being hereinafter called terminal tubes 6a and 6b.
Un turbulateur peut être installé à l'intérieur du volume interne de chaque tube 6. Ce turbulateur (non représenté) perturbe l'écoulement du premier fluide dans le tube 6, de manière à maximiser le transfert thermique entre le premier fluide et les parois délimitant le tube 6. Ce turbulateur peut également être solidarisé aux deux parois longitudinales du tube de manière à augmenter la tenue mécanique d'un tel tube. A turbulator can be installed inside the internal volume of each tube 6. This turbulator (not shown) disturbs the flow of the first fluid in the tube 6, so as to maximize the heat transfer between the first fluid and the walls defining the tube 6. This turbulator can also be secured to the two longitudinal walls of the tube so as to increase the mechanical strength of such a tube.
La figure 2 montre le collecteur 3, vu au niveau d'un angle formé entre une première face longitudinale 9 et une première face latérale 1 1 du corps d'échange thermique 2. Le collecteur 3 comprend une plaque de fond réceptionnant une extrémité des tubes 6, invisible sur cette figure, entourée par un bord 1 3 de solidarisation du couvercle 4. FIG. 2 shows the collector 3, seen at an angle formed between a first longitudinal face 9 and a first lateral face 1 1 of the heat exchange body 2. The collector 3 comprises a bottom plate receiving one end of the tubes 6, invisible in this figure, surrounded by an edge 1 3 for securing the lid 4.
Le corps d'échange thermique 2 comprend sa pluralité de tubes 6 entre lesquels est disposé le dispositif de dissipation thermique 7, par exemple un intercalaire. La première face latérale 1 1 du corps d'échange thermique 2 est formée par une joue 14, c'est-à-dire une plaque métallique, notamment rectiligne. Entre le tube terminal 6b et cette joue 14, on trouve un dispositif de dissipation 7 brasé sur la joue et sur la paroi longitudinale du tube terminal 6b. The heat exchange body 2 comprises its plurality of tubes 6 between which is disposed the heat dissipating device 7, for example a interlayer. The first side face 1 1 of the heat exchange body 2 is formed by a cheek 14, that is to say a metal plate, in particular rectilinear. Between the end tube 6b and this cheek 14, there is a dissipation device 7 brazed on the cheek and on the longitudinal wall of the end tube 6b.
Le bord 1 3 de solidarisation du couvercle reçoit un talon 15 du couvercle 4 ménagé sur une tranche périphérique délimitant l'ouverture de ce couvercle 4. Un tel talon prend la forme d'un épaulement réalisé par une augmentation de l'épaisseur du couvercle au niveau de cette ouverture. The edge 1 3 for securing the lid receives a heel 15 of the lid 4 formed on a peripheral edge delimiting the opening of this lid 4. Such heel takes the form of a shoulder formed by an increase in the thickness of the lid. level of this opening.
Le bord 1 3 de solidarisation est formé par une paroi doublée 16, cette dernière s'étendant tout autour de l'échangeur de chaleur 1 , c'est-à-dire le long des deux faces latérales et des deux faces longitudinales définissant le corps d'échange thermique 2. On notera cependant l'absence de doublure du bord de solidarisation au niveau d'au moins un angle, et avantageusement de tous les angles entre les faces latérales et les faces longitudinales du corps d'échange thermique 2. The joining edge 13 is formed by a doubled wall 16, the latter extending all around the heat exchanger 1, that is to say along the two lateral faces and the two longitudinal faces defining the body. However, it will be noted that there is no lining of the fastening edge at at least one angle, and advantageously of all the angles between the lateral faces and the longitudinal faces of the heat exchange body 2.
La forme particulière de cette paroi doublée sera abordée en détails en référence aux figures 3 et 4 à venir, mais on peut déjà noter que cette paroi doublée 16 est formée par une première paroi 21 et par une deuxième paroi 22 brasée contre la première paroi 21 , la paroi doublée comprenant par ailleurs un repli 23 formant un coude à 180° qui relie la première paroi 21 à la deuxième paroi 22. The particular form of this lined wall will be discussed in detail with reference to Figures 3 and 4 to come, but it may already be noted that this lined wall 16 is formed by a first wall 21 and a second wall 22 brazed against the first wall 21 , the doubled wall further comprising a fold 23 forming a 180 ° elbow which connects the first wall 21 to the second wall 22.
La paroi doublée 1 6 comprend au moins une extrémité 17 solidarisée sur au moins un tube 6, 6a, 6b constitutif du corps d'échange thermique 2. Une telle solidarisation peut intervenir soit uniquement le long d'une ou plusieurs faces latérales 1 1 , 12 délimitant le corps d'échange thermique 2, soit uniquement le long d'une ou plusieurs faces longitudinales 9, 10 délimitant le corps d'échange thermique 2, soit à la fois le long d'une ou plusieurs faces latérales et longitudinales du corps d'échange thermique 2. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré aux figures 1 et 2, l'extrémité 17 de la paroi doublée 16 est solidarisée le long des deux faces latérales et des deux faces longitudinales du corps d'échange thermiques 2. En ce qui concerne la première face longitudinale 9, l'extrémité 1 7 de la paroi doublée 16 est brasée sur la paroi latérale 18 d'au moins un tube 6, et de manière préférentielle, sur la paroi latérale de chaque tube 6 constitutif du corps d'échange thermique 2. Du côté de la première face latérale 1 1 , l'extrémité 17 de la paroi doublée 1 6 est brasée contre la paroi longitudinale 19 du ou des tubes terminaux 6a, 6b du corps d'échange thermique 2. Un tel brasage intervient sur cette paroi longitudinale dans le plan OX-OY, illustré sur la figure 1 . La figure 2 illustre également un exemple de réalisation du dispositif de sertissage 8. Ce dernier comprend une pluralité de pattes de sertissage 20 qui sont repliées sur le talon 15 du couvercle 4. Les pattes de sertissage 20 sont issues de la première paroi 21 . La figure 3 est une vue montrant en détails le positionnement du couvercle 4 dans le collecteur 3, ainsi que la solidarisation entre ce collecteur 3 et le tube terminal 6a ou 6b. Cette représentation illustre une coupe prise dans le plan A montré à la figure 1 . Le collecteur 3 comprend une plaque de fond 24 entourée par le bord 13 de solidarisation du couvercle 4. La plaque de fond 24 est pourvu d'ouvertures, de forme oblongue, qui reçoivent une extrémité de chaque tube 6. Ces ouvertures peuvent être pourvues d'un collet 25, orienté par exemple vers le corps d'échange thermique 2 ou vers le couvercle 4. The doubled wall 1 6 comprises at least one end 17 secured to at least one tube 6, 6a, 6b constituting the heat exchange body 2. Such a connection may occur either only along one or more side faces January 1, 12 delimiting the heat exchange body 2, either only along one or more longitudinal faces 9, 10 delimiting the heat exchange body 2, or both along one or more lateral and longitudinal sides of the body heat exchange 2. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is secured along the two lateral faces and the two longitudinal faces of the heat exchange body 2. As regards the first face longitudinal 9, the end 1 7 of the doubled wall 16 is brazed to the side wall 18 of at least one tube 6, and preferably on the side wall of each tube 6 constituting the heat exchange body 2. On the side of the first lateral face 1 1, the end 17 of the doubled wall 1 6 is brazed against the longitudinal wall 19 of the end tube or tubes 6a, 6b of the heat exchange body 2. Such brazing occurs on this wall longitudinal axis OX-OY, shown in Figure 1. FIG. 2 also illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the crimping device 8. The latter comprises a plurality of crimping tabs 20 which are folded over the heel 15 of the lid 4. The crimping tabs 20 come from the first wall 21. Figure 3 is a view showing in detail the positioning of the cover 4 in the manifold 3, and the connection between the manifold 3 and the end tube 6a or 6b. This representation illustrates a section taken in the plane A shown in FIG. The collector 3 comprises a bottom plate 24 surrounded by the fastening edge 13 of the lid 4. The bottom plate 24 is provided with oblong-shaped openings which receive one end of each tube 6. These openings may be provided with a collar 25, oriented for example towards the heat exchange body 2 or towards the lid 4.
Le bord 13 de solidarisation forme une ceinture périphérique autour de la plaque de fond 24, ce bord de solidarisation étant préférentiellement issu de matière avec la plaque de fond 24. Selon l'invention, ce bord 1 3 de solidarisation du couvercle 4 est formé par la paroi doublée 16, cette dernière se terminant au niveau de l'extrémité 1 7 au moins en partie solidarisée sur un ou plusieurs tubes, en particulier sur l'un et/ou l'autre des tubes terminaux 6a, 6b constitutifs du corps d'échange thermique 2. The fastening edge 13 forms a peripheral belt around the bottom plate 24, this fastening edge being preferentially made of material with the bottom plate 24. According to the invention, this edge 1 3 for securing the cover 4 is formed by the doubled wall 16, the latter ending at the end 1 7 at least partially secured to one or more tubes, in particular on the one and / or the other end tubes 6a, 6b constituting the heat exchange body 2.
Le terme « doublé » signifie que le bord 13 de solidarisation est renforcé par la disposition de deux épaisseurs de parois plaquées l'une contre l'autre. La paroi doublée 1 6 est ainsi formée par une première paroi 21 et par une deuxième paroi 22 immédiatement adjacente à la première paroi 21 , et qui en suit les contours. La deuxième paroi 22 est rendue au moins en partie solidaire de la première paroi 21 par une brasure entre ces deux parois. The term "doubled" means that the fastening edge 13 is reinforced by the arrangement of two thicknesses of walls pressed against each other. The doubled wall 1 6 is thus formed by a first wall 21 and a second wall 22 immediately adjacent to the first wall 21, and which follows the contours. The second wall 22 is rendered at least partially integral with the first wall 21 by a solder between these two walls.
Selon l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur cette figure, la première paroi 21 est également solidaire de la deuxième paroi 22 au moyen d'un repli 23. Dans un tel cas, la première paroi 21 et la deuxième paroi 22 sont issues d'une même feuille métallique que l'on a pliée à 180° au niveau du repli 23 pour plaquer la deuxième paroi 22 contre la première paroi 21 . C'est ainsi que l'on considère que la deuxième paroi 22 est issue de matière avec la première paroi 21 . According to the exemplary embodiment shown in this figure, the first wall 21 is also secured to the second wall 22 by means of a fold. In such a case, the first wall 21 and the second wall 22 come from a same metal sheet which has been bent at 180 ° at the fold 23 to press the second wall 22 against the first wall 21. Thus, it is considered that the second wall 22 is made of material with the first wall 21.
Alternativement, la deuxième paroi 22 peut être une pièce préalablement distincte de la première paroi 21 , et rapportée avant brasage contre celle-ci, de manière à former la paroi doublée 1 6 une fois rendue solidaire l'une de l'autre, notamment par brasage. Alternatively, the second wall 22 may be a part previously distinct from the first wall 21, and attached before soldering against the latter, so as to form the doubled wall 1 6 once secured to one another, particularly by brazing.
Pour simplifier le mode de fabrication du collecteur 3, une épaisseur de la paroi doublée 16 est au moins deux fois supérieure à une épaisseur de la plaque de fond 24. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, l'épaisseur de la paroi doublée 16 est strictement égale à deux fois l'épaisseur de la paroi de fond 24. L'épaisseur de la paroi doublée 16 est mesurée selon la direction OX, alors que l'épaisseur de la plaque de fond 24 est mesurée selon une direction OZ, ces deux directions étant représentées sur cette figure. Selon l'exemple de réalisation des figures 3 et 4, le bord 13 de solidarisation du couvercle 4 délimite au moins en partie un logement 26 de réception du talon 15 formé au bord de l'ouverture du couvercle 4. La plaque de fond 24 est quant à elle prolongée par un bandeau 27 qui s'étend selon une direction au moins transversale, et préférentiellement perpendiculaire au plan d'extension de la plaque de fond 24, c'est-à-dire le plan dans lequel les ouvertures de réception des extrémités de tubes 6 s'étendent. Le logement 26 qui reçoit le talon 1 5 du couvercle est ainsi bordé d'un côté par le bandeau 27 et de l'autre par la première paroi 21 constitutive de la paroi doublée 16. To simplify the manufacturing method of the collector 3, a thickness of the doubled wall 16 is at least twice greater than a thickness of the bottom plate 24. In a particular embodiment, the thickness of the doubled wall 16 is strictly equal to twice the thickness of the bottom wall 24. The thickness of the doubled wall 16 is measured in the direction OX, while the thickness of the bottom plate 24 is measured in a direction OZ, these two directions being represented in this figure. According to the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the edge 13 for securing the lid 4 delimits, at least in part, a housing 26 for receiving the heel 15 formed at the edge of the opening of the lid 4. The bottom plate 24 is as for it prolonged by a strip 27 which extends in a direction at least transverse, and preferably perpendicular to the plane of extension of the bottom plate 24, that is to say the plane in which the openings of reception of the tube ends 6 extend. The housing 26 which receives the heel 1 5 of the cover is thus bordered on one side by the strip 27 and on the other by the first wall 21 constituting the doubled wall 16.
Le bandeau 27 est ici séparé de la paroi longitudinale 19 du tube terminal 6a, 6b, en raison de la présence d'un collet 25. The strip 27 is here separated from the longitudinal wall 19 of the end tube 6a, 6b, due to the presence of a collar 25.
En plus de recevoir le talon 15 du couvercle 4, ce logement 26 peut recevoir un joint 35 assurant une étanchéité entre le premier fluide et le milieu environnant l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention. Ce joint 35 est ainsi en appui contre le talon 1 5, contre le bandeau 27 et contre la première paroi 21 au niveau du logement 26. Selon l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 3, la première paroi 21 comprend une première bande 28 prolongée par un premier flanc 29. La première bande 28 forme le fond du logement 26 contre lequel le joint 35 prend appui. Le premier flanc 29 s'étend au moins en partie au droit du logement 26, notamment latéralement à celui-ci. La première bande 28 et le premier flanc 29 sont notamment plats. In addition to receiving the heel 15 of the lid 4, this housing 26 can receive a seal 35 ensuring a seal between the first fluid and the environment surrounding the heat exchanger according to the invention. This seal 35 is thus pressed against the heel 1 5, against the strip 27 and against the first wall 21 at the housing 26. According to the embodiment of Figure 3, the first wall 21 comprises a first strip 28 extended by a first sidewall 29. The first band 28 forms the bottom of the housing 26 against which the seal 35 bears. The first flank 29 extends at least in part to the right of the housing 26, in particular laterally to it. The first band 28 and the first sidewall 29 are particularly flat.
Entre la première bande 28 et le premier flanc 29, on trouve un dispositif de renforcement mécanique de la paroi doublée 1 6. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de renforcement mécanique prend la forme d'un chanfrein 30, c'est-à- dire une arête sensiblement plate et inclinée par rapport à la première bande 28 et par rapport au premier flanc 29. Ce chanfrein 30 relie ainsi la première bande 28 au premier flanc 29, ce chanfrein étant un élément participant au renforcement mécanique du bord 13 de solidarisation du couvercle 4. La deuxième paroi 22 de la paroi doublée 16 comprend une deuxième bande 31 prolongée par un deuxième flanc 32. La deuxième bande 31 s'étend dans un plan parallèle au plan d'extension de la première bande 28, ces deux bandes étant rendues solidaires l'une de l'autre par une liaison brasée. Between the first band 28 and the first sidewall 29, there is a device for mechanical reinforcement of the doubled wall 1 6. According to one embodiment, the mechanical reinforcement device takes the form of a chamfer 30, that is to say - Say a substantially flat edge and inclined relative to the first band 28 and relative to the first sidewall 29. This chamfer 30 thus connects the first band 28 to the first sidewall 29, this chamfer being a member participating in the mechanical reinforcement of the edge 13 of securing the lid 4. The second wall 22 of the doubled wall 16 comprises a second band 31 extended by a second flank 32. The second band 31 extends in a plane parallel to the plane of extension of the first band 28, these two strips being made integral with each other. one from the other by a brazed connection.
Le deuxième flanc 32 s'étend dans un plan parallèle au plan d'extension du premier flanc 29 et il est brasé contre ce celui-ci. La deuxième bande 31 est jointe au deuxième flanc 32 par un congé 33, c'est-à-dire une arête de section arrondie. Ce congé 33, en tant que tel, forme un deuxième exemple de réalisation du dispositif de renforcement mécanique de la paroi doublée 16. Ce congé 33 est en regard du chanfrein 30, et il est configuré de manière à être séparé de ce chanfrein 30, une telle disposition contribuant à augmenter la résistance mécanique de la paroi doublée 16. La deuxième bande 31 et le deuxième flanc 32 sont par exemple plats. Cette combinaison du chanfrein 30 avec le congé 33 forme une troisième variante de réalisation du moyen de renforcement mécanique de la paroi doublée 16. The second flank 32 extends in a plane parallel to the plane of extension of the first flank 29 and is brazed against it. The second band 31 is joined to the second flank 32 by a fillet 33, that is to say a rounded section edge. This leave 33, as such, forms a second embodiment of the device for mechanical reinforcement of the doubled wall 16. This leave 33 is opposite the chamfer 30, and it is configured to be separated from this chamfer 30, such an arrangement contributing to increase the mechanical strength of the doubled wall 16. The second band 31 and the second flank 32 are for example flat. This combination of the chamfer 30 with the fillet 33 forms a third variant of the mechanical reinforcement means of the doubled wall 16.
On comprend ainsi que ce dispositif de renforcement mécanique peut être formé soit seulement par le chanfrein 30, soit seulement par le congé 33, soit par la combinaison de ce chanfrein 30 avec le congé 33, une telle combinaison permettant encore d'augmenter la résistance mécanique de la paroi doublée 1 6. It is thus understood that this mechanical reinforcement device can be formed either only by the chamfer 30, or only by the fillet 33, or by the combination of this chamfer 30 with the fillet 33, such a combination which further makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the doubled wall 1 6.
D'une manière générale, ce moyen de renforcement peut également être formé dès lors que la première paroi 21 et la deuxième paroi 22 comportent chacune un angle, l'angle ménagé sur la première paroi 21 présentant une forme, vue en coupe, différente de l'angle ménagé sur la deuxième paroi 22, ces deux angles étant en regard l'un de l'autre. L'extrémité 17 de la paroi doublée 16 est formée par une partie terminale de la deuxième bande 31 . Selon un exemple de réalisation non représenté, c'est une tranche de la deuxième bande 31 qui est brasée contre le tube terminal 6a, 6b. In general, this reinforcement means may also be formed when the first wall 21 and the second wall 22 each comprise an angle, the angle formed on the first wall 21 having a shape, seen in section, different from the angle formed on the second wall 22, these two angles being opposite one another. The end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is formed by an end portion of the second band 31. According to an embodiment not shown, it is a portion of the second band 31 which is brazed against the end tube 6a, 6b.
Sur l'exemple de la figure 3, l'extrémité 1 7 comprend un pli 34 orienté de manière à ce que l'une ou l'autre des faces délimitant la deuxième bande 31 soit en appui et brasée contre le tube terminal 6a, 6b. Dans le cas présent, le pli 34 forme un angle à 90 ° tourné vers le corps d'échange thermique 2, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé du couvercle 4 solidarisé sur le collecteur 3 concerné. In the example of Figure 3, the end 1 7 comprises a fold 34 oriented so that one or the other of the faces defining the second band 31 is supported and brazed against the terminal tube 6a, 6b . In this case, the fold 34 forms a 90 ° angle facing the heat exchange body 2, that is to say the opposite of the lid 4 secured to the collector 3 concerned.
Au niveau du repli 23, la paroi doublée 1 6 comprend une série de pattes de sertissage 20 formées par des portions qui prolongent la première paroi 21 . Sur cette figure, ces pattes de sertissage 20 sont représentées avant pliage sur le talon 15 du couvercle 4. En position d'assemblage final, ces pattes de sertissage sont plaquées contre le talon 15 du couvercle 4, de manière à exercer un effort de compression à rencontre du joint 35. At the fold 23, the doubled wall 1 6 comprises a series of crimping tabs 20 formed by portions which extend the first wall 21. In this figure, these crimping tabs 20 are shown before folding on the heel 15 of the cover 4. In the final assembly position, these crimping tabs are pressed against the heel 15 of the cover 4, so as to exert a compressive force against the seal 35.
L'extrémité 17 de la paroi doublée 16 est solidarisée contre la paroi longitudinale 19 du tube terminal 6a, 6b du corps d'échange thermique 2. En revanche, l'échangeur de chaleur est agencé pour que la paroi doublée 1 6 ne soit pas en contact avec la joue 14 et/ou avec le dispositif de dissipation 7. Pour ce faire, la joue 14 est installée dans le corps d'échange thermique 2 de manière à ménager une distance au moins égale à 0.1 mm de la paroi doublée 16. Dans l'exemple de la figure 3, cette distance est référencée D-\ et elle est mesurée selon la direction OZ entre une tranche terminale de la joue 14 et le congé 33, ou la deuxième bande 31 . Avantageusement, la distance Di est au maximum égale à 12 mm. De manière avantageuse, le dispositif de dissipation 7 est interposé entre la joue 14 et le tube terminal 6a, 6b. Le dispositif de dissipation 7 est solidarisé dans le corps d'échange thermique 2 de manière à respecter une distance D2 de séparation de la paroi doublée 16, y compris de son extrémité 17, au moins égale à 0.1 mm. Cette distance D2 se mesure, par exemple, entre un dernier sommet du dispositif de dissipation 7 et la deuxième bande 31 , ou la tranche de l'extrémité 17. Avantageusement, la distance D2 est au maximum égale à 10 mm. L'extrémité de chaque tube 6 est reliée à la plaque fond 24 par un brasage réalisé au niveau du collet 25. Le bord 13 de solidarisation du couvercle est notablement renforcé quand une distance référencée D3 est prévue entre la plaque de fond 24 et l'extrémité 17 de la paroi doublée 1 6 brasée contre le tube terminal 6a, 6b. Une telle distance est au moins égale à 2 mm. Cette distance D3 est mesurée, par exemple, entre une face de la plaque de fond tournée vers le corps d'échange thermique 2 et un plan passant par une face de la deuxième paroi 22 brasée contre la première paroi 21 . Avantageusement, la distance D3 est au maximum égale à 6.5 mm. La figure 4 est une vue montrant en détails la solidarisation entre le collecteur 3 et la paroi latérale 18 des tubes 6, 6a, 6b constitutifs du corps d'échange thermique 2. Cette représentation illustre une coupe prise dans le plan B montré à la figure 1 . On s'attachera à décrire les différences avec la figure 3, et on se reportera à la description en référence à celle-ci pour mettre en œuvre la structure des éléments communs représentés sur la figure 4. The end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is secured against the longitudinal wall 19 of the end tube 6a, 6b of the heat exchange body 2. On the other hand, the heat exchanger is arranged so that the doubled wall 1 6 is not in contact with the cheek 14 and / or with the dissipation device 7. To do this, the cheek 14 is installed in the heat exchange body 2 so as to provide a distance of at least 0.1 mm from the doubled wall 16 In the example of FIG. 3, this distance is referenced D- 1 and is measured in the direction OZ between an end portion of the cheek 14 and the fillet 33, or the second band 31. Advantageously, the distance Di is at most equal to 12 mm. Advantageously, the dissipation device 7 is interposed between the cheek 14 and the end tube 6a, 6b. The dissipation device 7 is secured in the heat exchange body 2 so as to respect a separation distance D 2 of the doubled wall 16, including its end 17, at least equal to at 0.1 mm. This distance D 2 is measured, for example, between a last vertex of the dissipation device 7 and the second band 31, or the edge of the end 17. Advantageously, the distance D 2 is at most equal to 10 mm. The end of each tube 6 is connected to the bottom plate 24 by brazing made at the collar 25. The edge 13 for securing the lid is substantially reinforced when a distance referenced D 3 is provided between the bottom plate 24 and the end 17 of the doubled wall 1 6 soldered against the end tube 6a, 6b. Such a distance is at least 2 mm. This distance D 3 is measured, for example, between a face of the bottom plate facing the heat exchange body 2 and a plane passing through a face of the second wall 22 soldered against the first wall 21. Advantageously, the distance D 3 is at most equal to 6.5 mm. Figure 4 is a view showing in detail the connection between the collector 3 and the side wall 18 of the tubes 6, 6a, 6b constituting the heat exchange body 2. This representation illustrates a section taken in the plane B shown in FIG. 1. We will attempt to describe the differences with FIG. 3, and reference will be made to the description with reference to this to implement the structure of the common elements represented in FIG. 4.
Le bandeau 27 disposé perpendiculairement à la plaque fond 24 est brasé contre la paroi latérale 1 8 délimitant au moins un tube 6 du corps d'échange thermique 2. Avantageusement, un tel brasage est réalisé contre la paroi latérale de chaque tube 6, y compris les tubes terminaux 6a, 6b. The strip 27 arranged perpendicularly to the bottom plate 24 is brazed against the side wall 1 8 delimiting at least one tube 6 of the heat exchange body 2. Advantageously, such soldering is performed against the side wall of each tube 6, including the end tubes 6a, 6b.
Ce brasage est réalisé sur une distance référencée D4 qui est minimum égale à 1 mm et maximum égale à 7.5 mm. Cette distance D4 se mesure, par exemple, entre un bord délimitant l'ouverture des tubes au niveau de la plaque de fond 24 et une droite passant par le fond du logement 26 délimité par la première bande 28 constitutive de la première paroi 21 . This brazing is carried out over a distance referenced D 4 which is minimum equal to 1 mm and maximum equal to 7.5 mm. This distance D 4 is measured, for example, between an edge delimiting the opening of the tubes at the bottom plate 24 and a straight line passing through the bottom of the housing 26 delimited by the first band 28 constituting the first wall 21.
L'extrémité 17 de la paroi doublée 16 est également solidarisée contre la paroi latérale 18 d'au moins un tube 6, de manière similaire aux solutions décrites en référence à la figure 3. Avantageusement, ce brasage de l'extrémité 17 est réalisé contre la paroi latérale de chaque tube 6, y compris les tubes terminaux 6a, 6b The end 17 of the doubled wall 16 is also secured against the side wall 18 of at least one tube 6, similarly to the solutions described with reference to FIG. 3. Advantageously, this brazing of the end 17 is made against the side wall of each tube 6, including the end tubes 6a. , 6b
On notera que le corps d'échange thermique 2 et le collecteur 4 peuvent être réalisés à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium. Le couvercle 4 peut quant à lui être réalisé en un alliage d'aluminium ou en un matériau synthétique. L'échangeur de chaleur 1 décrit ci-dessus peut être intégré à un système de refroidissement de gaz d'admission ou d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne. Dans un tel cas, le premier fluide est formé par les gaz d'admission, notamment un flux d'air suralimenté, alors que le deuxième fluide est formé par un flux d'air, par exemple extérieur au véhicule qui reçoit un tel système de refroidissement. It will be noted that the heat exchange body 2 and the collector 4 can be made from an aluminum alloy. The cover 4 can in turn be made of an aluminum alloy or a synthetic material. The heat exchanger 1 described above can be integrated into an intake or exhaust gas cooling system of an internal combustion engine. In such a case, the first fluid is formed by the intake gases, in particular a supercharged air flow, while the second fluid is formed by a flow of air, for example outside the vehicle which receives such a system of air. cooling.
L'échangeur de chaleur 1 est ainsi agencé pour que le deuxième fluide traverse le corps d'échange thermique 2, en dissipant les calories générées par le premier fluide dans le deuxième fluide, au moyen des tubes et des dispositifs de dissipation. Le deuxième fluide traverse le corps d'échange thermique 2 selon une direction perpendiculaire, ou sensiblement perpendiculaire, à la direction de déplacement du premier fluide dans les tubes 6. The heat exchanger 1 is thus arranged so that the second fluid passes through the heat exchange body 2, dissipating the heat generated by the first fluid in the second fluid, by means of the tubes and dissipation devices. The second fluid passes through the heat exchange body 2 in a direction perpendicular to, or substantially perpendicular to, the direction of movement of the first fluid in the tubes 6.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Echangeur de chaleur (1 ) comprenant un corps d'échange thermique (2), au moins un couvercle (4) et un collecteur (3) reliant le couvercle (4) au corps d'échange thermique (2) à l'aide d'un dispositif de sertissage (8) issu du collecteur (3) et replié sur le couvercle (4), le corps d'échange thermique (2) comprenant une pluralité de tubes (6, 6a, 6b) aptes à canaliser un premier fluide, le collecteur (3) comprenant une plaque de fond (24) entourée par un bord (13) de solidarisation du couvercle (4), caractérisé en ce que la plaque de fond (24) et le bord (1 3) de solidarisation délimitent un logement (26) de réception d'un talon (15) du couvercle (4), le bord (13) de solidarisation étant formé par une paroi doublée (16) dont une extrémité (1 7) est solidarisée sur au moins un tube (6, 6a, 6b). Heat exchanger (1) comprising a heat exchange body (2), at least one cover (4) and a collector (3) connecting the cover (4) to the heat exchange body (2) at using a crimping device (8) from the collector (3) and folded on the cover (4), the heat exchange body (2) comprising a plurality of tubes (6, 6a, 6b) adapted to channel a first fluid, the collector (3) comprising a bottom plate (24) surrounded by an edge (13) for securing the lid (4), characterized in that the bottom plate (24) and the edge (1 3) of fastening define a housing (26) for receiving a heel (15) of the cover (4), the joining edge (13) being formed by a doubled wall (16), one end (1 7) of which is secured to at least a tube (6, 6a, 6b).
2. Echangeur selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel l'extrémité (1 7) de la paroi doublée (1 6) est solidarisée sur une pluralité de tubes (6, 6a, 6b). 2. Exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the end (1 7) of the doubled wall (1 6) is secured to a plurality of tubes (6, 6a, 6b).
3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel un tube (6, 6a, 6b) comprend deux parois longitudinales (19) jointes l'une à l'autre par deux parois latérales (18), le bord (13) de solidarisation comprenant un bandeau (27) transversal à la plaque de fond (24) et solidarisé contre au moins une des parois latérales (18) d'au moins un tube (6, 6a, 6b) sur une longueur au moins égale à 1 mm. 3. heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein a tube (6, 6a, 6b) comprises two longitudinal walls (19) joined to one another by two side walls (18), the edge (13) of fastening comprising a strip (27) transverse to the bottom plate (24) and secured against at least one of the side walls (18) of at least one tube (6, 6a, 6b) over a length of at least 1 mm .
4. Echangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'extrémité (17) est solidarisée contre une paroi longitudinale (19) d'un tube terminal (6a, 6b) du corps d'échange thermique (2). 4. Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the end (17) is secured against a longitudinal wall (19) of a terminal tube (6a, 6b) of the heat exchange body (2).
5. Echangeur selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le corps d'échange thermique (2) est terminé latéralement par une joue (14) installée à une distance (D-ι) de la paroi doublée (16) au moins égale à 0.1 mm. 5. Exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchange body (2) is completed laterally by a cheek (14) installed at a distance (D-ι) from the doubled wall (16) at least equal to 0.1 mm. .
6. Echangeur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel un dispositif de dissipation (7) est intercalé entre la joue (14) et le tube terminal (6a, 6b), le dispositif de dissipation (7) étant à une distance (D2) de la paroi doublée (16) au moins égale à 0.1 mm. 6. Exchanger according to claim 5, wherein a dissipation device (7) is interposed between the cheek (14) and the end tube (6a, 6b), the dissipation device (7) being at a distance (D 2 ) from the doubled wall (16) at least equal to 0.1 mm.
7. Echangeur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel une distance (D3) au moins égale à 2 mm est prévue entre la plaque de fond (24) et l'extrémité (17) de la paroi doublée (16). 7. Exchanger according to claim 6, wherein a distance (D 3 ) at least equal to 2 mm is provided between the bottom plate (24) and the end (17) of the lined wall (16).
8. Echangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la plaque de fond (24) comprend au moins une ouverture dans laquelle se loge une extrémité de tube (6, 6a, 6b), ladite ouverture étant bordée par un collet (25) tourné vers le corps d'échange de chaleur (2). 8. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bottom plate (24) comprises at least one opening in which is housed a tube end (6, 6a, 6b), said opening being bordered by a collar ( 25) facing the heat exchange body (2).
9. Echangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un joint (35) installé dans le logement (26) de réception au moins entre le talon (15) du couvercle (4) et le bord (13) de solidarisation. 9. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a seal (35) installed in the receiving housing (26) at least between the heel (15) of the cover (4) and the edge (13) of attachment.
10. Echangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la paroi doublée (16) est formée par une première paroi (21 ) et une deuxième paroi (22) brasée contre la première paroi (21 ). 10. Exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lined wall (16) is formed by a first wall (21) and a second wall (22) soldered against the first wall (21).
11. Echangeur selon la revendication 10, dans lequel la paroi doublée (16) comprend au moins un angle au droit duquel est ménagé un dispositif de renforcement mécanique. 11. Exchanger according to claim 10, wherein the doubled wall (16) comprises at least one angle to the right of which is provided a mechanical reinforcement device.
12. Echangeur selon la revendication 1 1 , dans lequel le dispositif de renforcement mécanique est un chanfrein (30) ménagé sur l'angle de la première paroi (21 ). 12. Exchanger according to claim 1 1, wherein the mechanical reinforcement device is a chamfer (30) formed on the angle of the first wall (21).
13. Echangeur selon les revendications 1 1 ou 1 2, dans lequel le dispositif de renforcement mécanique est un congé (33) ménagé sur l'angle de la deuxième paroi (22), le congé (33) étant notamment formé en regard du chanfrein (30). 13. Exchanger according to claims 1 1 or 1 2, wherein the mechanical reinforcement device is a fillet (33) formed on the angle of the second wall (22), the fillet (33) being formed in particular with respect to the chamfer (30).
14. Echangeur selon la revendication 1 2, dans lequel la première paroi14. Exchanger according to claim 1 2, wherein the first wall
(21 ) comprend une première bande (28) formant un fond du logement (26) et un premier flanc (29) délimitant latéralement le logement (26), la première bande (28) et le premier flanc (29) étant reliés par le chanfrein (30). (21) comprises a first strip (28) forming a bottom of the housing (26) and a first flank (29) laterally delimiting the housing (26), the first strip (28) and the first flank (29) being connected by the chamfer (30).
15. Echangeur selon la revendication 14, dans lequel la deuxième paroi15. Exchanger according to claim 14, wherein the second wall
(22) comprend une deuxième bande (31 ) brasée contre la première bande (28), ainsi qu'un deuxième flanc (32) brasé contre le premier flanc (29), la deuxième bande (31 ) et le deuxième flanc (32) étant reliés par un congé (33) distant du chanfrein (30). (22) comprises a second band (31) brazed against the first band (28), and a second side (32) brazed against the first side (29), the second band (31) and the second side (32) being connected by a fillet (33) remote from the chamfer (30).
16. Echangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, dans lequel l'extrémité (17) comprend un pli (34) agencé pour qu'une face de la deuxième paroi (22) soit brasée contre le tube (6, 6a, 6b). 16. Exchanger according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the end (17) comprises a fold (34) arranged for a face of the second wall (22) is brazed against the tube (6, 6a , 6b).
17. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 0 à 16, dans lequel le dispositif de sertissage (8) comprend une pluralité de pattes de sertissage (20) issues de la première paroi (21 ). 17. Heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 0 to 16, wherein the crimping device (8) comprises a plurality of crimping tabs (20) from the first wall (21).
EP13724231.9A 2012-05-24 2013-05-16 Heat exchanger having a reinforced collector Active EP2856058B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1254741A FR2991037B1 (en) 2012-05-24 2012-05-24 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH REINFORCED COLLECTOR
PCT/EP2013/060184 WO2013174720A1 (en) 2012-05-24 2013-05-16 Heat exchanger having a reinforced collector

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EP2856058A1 true EP2856058A1 (en) 2015-04-08
EP2856058B1 EP2856058B1 (en) 2016-05-04

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JP (1) JP6030228B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101639509B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104583707B (en)
FR (1) FR2991037B1 (en)
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CN104583707A (en) 2015-04-29
FR2991037A1 (en) 2013-11-29
JP2015520353A (en) 2015-07-16
PL2856058T3 (en) 2016-11-30
EP2856058B1 (en) 2016-05-04
CN104583707B (en) 2017-02-22
US20150129186A1 (en) 2015-05-14
FR2991037B1 (en) 2014-06-20
WO2013174720A1 (en) 2013-11-28
JP6030228B2 (en) 2016-11-24
KR101639509B1 (en) 2016-07-13
KR20150017362A (en) 2015-02-16

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