EP2852811B1 - Device and method for coupling a mounted implement on a vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for coupling an attachment, in particular a dozer blade or a mine clearance device, to a vehicle, the device having a catch. Other objects form an attachment for a vehicle and a vehicle for receiving an attachment. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for emergency decoupling of an attachment, in particular a dozer blade or a mine dump, from a vehicle. Such a device and such a method are known from US 3,172,686 known.

Devices for coupling such heavy attachments to vehicles are known. The attachments are usually used to extend the functionality of the vehicles.

From the military area devices for coupling of clearing or de-mining equipment such as mine debris flights are known. In the US 5,786,542 A is a coupling device is described, which has a ring on the vehicle side with a hinged upper portion over which the ring can be opened and closed. To attach an attachment, provided on the attachment eyelets are inserted into the ring and this closed.

Also known is a coupling devices, which in the EP 2 196 763 B1 is described, are arranged in the tabs on the vehicle. In this tabs arranged on the attachment bolts engage and couple the attachment to the vehicle.

Especially in the military sector, however, it happens that the attachment is damaged or stuck in use. In these cases, the mobility of the vehicle leading the attachment is significantly impaired or movement of the vehicle impossible. To protect the crew and the vehicle, it is then necessary to decouple the attachment in an emergency as quickly as possible from the vehicle to restore the mobility of the vehicle.

The already mentioned EP 2 196 763 B1 Proposes to pull the pin for decoupling of the attachment by means of hydraulic pressure from the vehicle-side tab or for emergency decoupling the pin of the attachment by means of a pyrotechnic charge to separate the attachment and notzuzukoppeln in this way the attachment.
In the case of a stuck implement undefinable force and stress states are present. Therefore, a reliable design of hydraulic systems, which allow a safe emergency decoupling, not possible. In addition, a very high force is necessary in these cases to pull out the bolt from the tabs, which can not be applied by the hydraulic systems in the worst case.

Although pyrotechnic emergency decoupling, which are arranged directly on the pin of the attachment, while an improvement, but also can not ensure a safe emergency decoupling of the attachment. On the one hand, the force of the pyrotechnic charge acts only briefly, on the other hand, the bolts tend to jam in the coupling device, so that the attachment is not released by the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge from the vehicle.

The invention is based on the US 3,172,686 , the object of which is to achieve a reliable emergency decoupling of an attachment from a vehicle.
This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned by the subject of independent claim 1, wherein an acting under leverage on the rotary latch, which is biased towards the closed position of the rotary latch and the emergency decoupling of the implement is relaxed.
By biasing the rotary latch under leverage, the rotary latch can be held in the closed position with a small force compared to the shutter force. For emergency decoupling the catch is relaxed, so that Attachment and vehicle can solve each other without jamming components of the coupling attachment and vehicle together. To open the catch and thus to separate the vehicle and attachment, it may be sufficient to take the biasing force of the catch. This requires much less force than direct removal of the bolts. Consequently, a simple and safe emergency decoupling is ensured.
The leverage is transmitted to the catch via a lever. By transmitting the force of the locking device via the lever to the rotary latch, it is possible to unlock the rotary latch away from the bolt. Deformations and tension in the area of the bolt can therefore not prevent effective emergency decoupling.

According to the invention, the locking device has a toggle lever. The toggle lever serves to reinforce the force acting on the rotary latch. With a toggle, a high power gain is achieved in a small space. The toggle may have two hingedly connected legs. Favor both legs of the toggle lever are the same length.

According to the invention it is provided that the rotary latch has a first holding element movable from an open position into the closed position and a second, in particular device-fixed holding element for holding the bolt in the rotary latch. In this way, results in a simple and inexpensive construction. It can also be designed to be movable both holding elements.
Preferably, the holding elements only round receiving surfaces for holding a round cylindrical bolt. However, also differently shaped bolts and holding elements with correspondingly designed to these bolts holding surfaces conceivable. For example, the bolt may be formed as a square. In this case, the rotary latch could be designed such that it can absorb moments.

In a further embodiment of the device, a lever, in particular a toggle lever, engages the movable holding element of the rotary latch. Preferably, the other leg of the toggle lever engages a rigid part of the device. The legs may be arranged horizontally, vertically or diagonally in the device.
If both holding elements are designed to be movable, it is advantageous if each one leg of the toggle lever acts on a holding element. Alternatively, however, a toggle can also act on each retaining element.

According to the invention it is proposed that the angle between the two legs of the toggle lever in the closed position of the rotary latch is between 160 degrees and 180 degrees. Preferably, the angle is between 170 degrees and 180 degrees, more preferably between 175 degrees and 180 degrees. The reinforcing effect of the toggle lever increases the more, the more the angle between the legs approaches 180 degrees.
In constructive terms, it has also proved to be advantageous that the rotary latch and / or a lever, in particular a toggle lever in the closed position of the rotary latch has a stop which ensures a predetermined clearance between the two holding elements and a bolt to be held therein. On the one hand this ensures a simple connection and disconnection of vehicle and hitch by passing or pulling the bolt into the catch during normal coupling and uncoupling.

There is a predefined clearance between the bolt and the preloaded catch, so that the bolt in the catch is not clamped. On the other hand can be ensured by the stop that the toggle lever is not bent and thereby the biasing action of the locking device is lifted on the catch.

According to the invention, the closing device has a force-generating device for generating the leverage. The force-generating device provides the biasing force for the catch.

In terms of design, it has proved to be advantageous for the force-generating device to have a spring and / or a screw element. The spring and / or the screw allow a very precise adjustment of the force acting on the lever and thus on the rotary latch force. Particularly preferably, the spring of the force-generating element is designed as a compression spring.
In a further embodiment of the device is provided that the force-generating device acts in the region of a joint between the legs of the toggle lever on the toggle. In order to ensure the most efficient and safe power transmission from the force-generating device on the knee lever, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the direction of action of the force-generating device is orthogonal to a connecting line, which by the two outer articulation points or joints of the legs of the toggle lever runs.
Preferably, the force-generating device and or the catch is substantially protected in the device is received. For protection, the Device have a housing. Preferably, the housing protects the force-generating device and / or the knee lever, in particular laterally, from environmental influences and / or mechanical action from the outside. The housing may in particular be formed by side walls of the device. Preferably, the side walls at the same time also form, in particular, rigid retaining elements of the rotary latch.

According to the invention, it is provided that for emergency decoupling the power flow between the force-generating device and the rotary latch can be interrupted, canceled, in particular mechanically or explosively. By interrupting or canceling the flow of force, the action of the force-generating device can be lifted on the catch in the direction of the closed position. Particularly preferably, the power flow is pyrotechnic interruptible. By interrupting the power flow, the biasing force can be taken from the catch, so that it can open without resistance.
Preferably, the power flow is interrupted by the destruction of the force-generating device. For this purpose, for example, a cutting charge may be provided in the force-generating device, which destroys the force-generating device and thus eliminates the bias of the catch.
Additionally or alternatively, the force flow can be interrupted by the kinking of a spring present in the force-generating device, in this way canceling the biases of the rotary latch.
Furthermore, the power flow between the force-generating device and the rotary latch can be interrupted or canceled by interrupting at least one connection between the force-generating device and the device or is separated, for example, by removing a bearing pin. The bearing pin can be removed by motor or manually. Furthermore, a cutting load can also destroy or release an anchorage of the force-generating device and thereby cancel the bias of the rotary latch. In a repeal of the power flow, the force-generating device may continue to be connected to the lever or the catch without, however, continue to exert force, for example in the case of a spring as krafterzeugendem element by relaxation of the spring.

Furthermore, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the force-generating device has at least one of the following elements: a screw head, a threaded portion, a tapered cylindrical portion with a cutting charge and / or a spring. Preferably, the spring is guided for kink protection in a sleeve or a pot closed on one side. In addition, for better mountability of the force-generating element, it is advantageous if the outer diameters of all sections on one side of the threaded section are smaller than the inner diameter of the threaded section.
In a further embodiment of the device it is provided that the locking device is manually, motor-driven and / or remotely controlled. In this way, the emergency decoupling of the crew of the vehicle from the protected area of the vehicle can be made.

In addition, an attachment and / or vehicle of the type mentioned is proposed to solve the above problem, which has at least one, preferably two, devices of the type already described, so that the advantages already described arise.

In a further embodiment of the attachment and / or vehicle, it has proven to be advantageous if the attachment or vehicle has two devices and the devices are arranged so that the central axis of the male in the devices bolt is located on a straight line.

For a better release of attachment and vehicle, it is advantageous if the device is arranged on the attachment and / or vehicle, that the movable holding element is arranged above the device-fixed holding element.

In addition, it has proven to be advantageous if both the vehicle, as well as the attachment with a common bolt connectable devices of the type described above. In this case, if the decoupling of the device on the vehicle or on the attachment fails, at the other the emergency decoupling can also be triggered.

According to a further teaching of the invention, the attachment and / or the vehicle may have an interface to the hydraulic and / or electrical supply of the attachment by the vehicle. These interfaces or connections can be achieved in emergency decoupling in the manner known from the prior art. Also, interfaces for controlling the attachment from the vehicle may be provided.

In a method of the type mentioned above, the above object is achieved by the features of independent claim 8, wherein a force acting on a rotary latch lever under leverage is relaxed while the attachment is decoupled from the vehicle.

According to the method, the catch is held in a closed position before decoupling via a lever, in particular toggle lever. The lever amplifies the force with which the catch is held in a closed position.

According to the method, the power flow between the rotary latch and a force-generating device is interrupted for emergency decoupling. By interrupting the power flow, the bias of the catch is released, so that can be easily decoupled vehicle and implement.
In a further development of the invention it is proposed that the force-generating device is destroyed to interrupt the power flow, in particular mechanically or explosively, particularly preferably pyrotechnic. The destruction of the force-generating device, the biasing force is released on the catch, so that they open and can release the bolt.
Mechanically, this can be done for example by a deliberately induced kinking of an existing in the force-generating device spring. Explosive, in particular pyrotechnic, the force-generating device can be destroyed for example by a cutting charge in the force-generating device.

Fig. 1

ein Fahrzeug mit einem Anbaugerät,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Vorrichtung zum Ankoppeln eines Anbaugeräts an ein Fahrzeug,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht durch eine Mittelachse einer Vorrichtung gemäß eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische geschnittene Ansicht der Vorrichtung mit einer geöffneten Drehfalle,

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 5,

Fig. 7

ein krafterzeugendes Element gemäß eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels,

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung,

Fig. 9

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 8 mit geöffneter Drehfalle und gestauchter Feder, und

Fig. 11

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 10.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the power flow is interrupted manually, by motor and / or by remote control. If the power flow can be interrupted by a motor or by remote control, the crew of the vehicle can, for example, trigger the emergency decoupling from the protected vehicle.
In terms of design, it has also been found to be advantageous that the catch opens by the weight of the attachment and / or vehicle and the attachment is decoupled from the vehicle.
The device, the attachment and / or the vehicle may have corresponding means for carrying out the method.
Further details of a device according to the invention, as well as an attachment according to the invention or vehicle and a method according to the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show:

Fig. 1

a vehicle with an attachment,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a device for coupling an attachment to a vehicle,

Fig. 3

a perspective sectional view through a central axis of a device according to a first embodiment,

Fig. 4

a side view of the device according to Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5

a perspective sectional view of the device with an open rotary latch,

Fig. 6

a side view of the device according to Fig. 5 .

Fig. 7

a force generating element according to a first embodiment,

Fig. 8

a perspective sectional view of another embodiment of the device,

Fig. 9

a side view of the device according to Fig. 8 .

Fig. 10

a perspective sectional view of the device according to Fig. 8 with open rotary latch and compressed spring, and

Fig. 11

a side view of the device according to Fig. 10 ,

Many vehicles 2, in particular work vehicles and / or military vehicles, have such as in Fig. 1 shown vehicle 2 coupling points at which external attachments 3 of different types can be coupled to the vehicle 2. Due to the possibility of coupling different tools, the range of application and the functional range of vehicles 2 can be flexibly adapted to different tasks.

Preferably, 3 uniform coupling points are used on the vehicle 2 for the various implements. In addition to purely mechanical coupling points, the attachments and / or the vehicle may also have additional interfaces for the hydraulic and / or electrical supply of the attachment by the vehicle. Additionally or alternatively, a control interface between the attachment and the vehicle may be provided, so that the attachment can be controlled from the vehicle.

At the in Fig. 1 shown vehicle 2 is coupled to an attachment 3 for soil or earthworks. In the attachment 3 is a plow blade 4. Alternatively, for example, a mine clearance equipment such as a mine plowing could be coupled to the same coupling points.

Generally, it is the implements 3, as in Fig. 1 shown to be arranged on the front of the vehicle 2. However, the coupling points and thus the attachments 3 can also be arranged at the rear of the vehicle 2 or, for example, on the roof of the vehicle 2.

As a rule, coupling points have, in addition to the mechanical coupling points, additional interfaces for electrics and / or hydraulics for supplying the attachment and control interfaces to the attachment 3. In addition, the implements 3 may have additional facilities that extend their range of functions. These may be, for example, sensors for controlling and / or operating the device or else headlights which can additionally illuminate the working area of the attachment 3.

When using implements 3, which work on the ground, such as. Rakes 4 and / or mine debris, it happens that they are stuck. However, by attaching implements 3, the mobility of these leading vehicles 2 is considerably restricted or moving the vehicles 2 completely prevented. Especially in military vehicles 2, it is necessary to restore the mobility of the vehicles 2 as quickly as possible to protect the crew. This is achieved by disconnecting the attachment 3 from the vehicle 2. The device 1 according to the invention, the attachment 3 according to the invention, the vehicle 2 according to the invention and the method according to the invention make it possible to decouple the attachment 3 from the vehicle 2 in a particularly rapid and reliable manner, in particular even at high unknown stress states due to a fixed attachment 3.

First, based on the Fig. 2 an overview of the basic structure of the device 1 given before using the Fig. 3 to 6 a first embodiment will be described in more detail and then with reference to the Fig. 8 to 13 a second embodiment will be explained in detail. The essential difference between the two embodiments is the design of the force-generating device 20.

Fig. 2 shows the device in a perspective plan view. As elements essential to the invention, the device 1 has a rotary latch 5 and a locking device 10. The rotary latch 5 has a first holding element 6 which is movable from an open position to a closed position and a second holding element 7 which is resistant to action. The movable holding element 6 is mounted pivotably in the device-fixed holding element 7 via a hinge pin 8. In Fig. 2 the rotary latch 5 is in a closed position and comprises a bolt 9. The holding elements 6, 7 of the device 1 shown are trained in the manner of a Doppelgreifers. They each have two holding surfaces.

In addition, the rotary latch 5 has a stop 30, abuts the movable support member 6 in a closed position of the rotary latch 5. The stop 30 ensures that the rotary latch 5 encloses the pin 9, but this does not jam.

The locking device 10 has a lever and a force-generating element 20. The force-generating element 20 acts on the lever on the movable support member 6 and holds in this way the catch 5 in a closed position. By the lever, it is possible to unlock the catch 5 away from the bolt 9 to be held by the force-generating element 20. The locking device 10 is, as in Fig. 2 clearly visible, protected by side walls 18, 19 arranged inside the device 1. The side walls 18, 19 form a kind of housing for protecting the force-generating device 20 and the toggle lever 11. The side walls 18, 19 are integrally formed as a device-fixed holding elements 7.

Below is designed as a toggle lever 11 lever of the locking device will be described in detail.

The toggle 11 is formed by two articulated legs 12, 13. The legs 12, 13 are substantially the same length. A leg 12 is pivotally connected via the hinge 15 with the movable support member 6. The other leg 13 is connected via the hinge 16 with a device-fixed part of the device 1. In the exemplary embodiment with a side wall 18, 19 which at the same time integrally forms a device-fixed holding element 7.

In a closed position of the rotary latch 5, the legs 12, 13 of the toggle lever are arranged almost horizontally in the device, as the Figures 3 . 4 . 8th and 9 demonstrate. However, the toggle can also be arranged horizontally or diagonally in the device.

A leg 13 has a U-shaped end formed. In this U-shaped end of the other leg 12 of the toggle lever 11 is pivotally received. On the other leg 12, a curved stop surface 17 for the force-generating element 20 is formed in the region of the joint 14 with the leg.

The lever ratio of the toggle lever 11 is dependent on the angle A formed by the legs 12, 13. The more the angle A approaches 180 degrees, the more the toggle lever 11 amplifies the force of the force-generating element 20.

The force-generating element 20 extends in its longitudinal direction from the stop 17 on the knee lever to its attachment to a device-fixed point of the device 1. In the first embodiment shown, the force-generating element 20 is screwed into the device 1. The extension of the longitudinal axis of the force-generating element 20 leads substantially centrally through the joint 14, through which the two legs 12, 13 of the toggle lever 11 are hinged together. The longitudinal axis of the force-generating element 20 is also formed orthogonal to the connecting line of the two outer articulation points of the toggle lever 11.

Hereinafter, the force-generating element 20 according to the embodiment of the Fig. 3 to 7 based on the illustration in Fig. 7 be explained.

The force-generating element 20 has a portion 21 for engaging a tool, to which a threaded portion 22 is adjacent. These are followed by a tapered section 23 with a cutting charge 24 at. The tapered portion 23 is adjoined by a wider portion 25 before a rejuvenated portion 26 terminates the bolt-like member of the force-generating device 20. The latter tapered portion 26 serves to receive a spring 27. The spring 27 is guided in a sleeve 28, the movement of which is guided over the wider portion 25. The sleeve 28 serves to kink protection of the spring 27. In the exemplary embodiment, the sleeve 28 is closed on one side and thus pot-shaped. In addition, the outer diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter diameter of the threaded portion, so that the force-generating element can be inserted and screwed into the device from the outside of the device.

The following is based on the Fig. 3 to 6 the operation described in the emergency decoupling of the device 1.

As in the Fig. 3 and 4 to see the device 1 is in a coupled state. In this case, the rotary latch 5 surrounds the bolt 9. The movable support member 6 is held by the force amplification of the toggle lever 11 of the force-generating element 20 in the closed position. The force-generating element 20 is screwed into a device-fixed portion of the device 1 and presses with a spring 27 against the stop 17 of the toggle lever eleventh

If the device 1 is to be decoupled, the cutting charge 24 in the force-generating element 20 can be ignited, for example, by remote control from the interior of the vehicle 2. This separates the rejuvenated section 23, as in Fig. 5 and 6 can be seen and the force-generating element 20 is thereby destroyed. Thus, the power flow through the toggle lever 11 is interrupted to the movable support member 6. As a result, the catch 5 is no longer biased and easy to open. In the exemplary embodiment, the opening of the rotary latch 5 is due to the dead weight of the attachment 3 and the attachment 3 slides from the bolt 9 from. Thus, the coupling between the vehicle 2 and attachment 3 is repealed.

The following is based on the 8 to 11 A second embodiment of the invention will be described. The second embodiment differs substantially from the first embodiment by the force-generating element 20 and its connection to the device 1 and the toggle 11. The force-generating element 20 is, as can be clearly seen in the figures, designed as a spring 29. The spring 29 is designed as a compression spring. It is connected at one end to a device-fixed part of the device 1 and engages with its other end in the region of the central joint 14 between the legs 12, 13 of the toggle lever 11. In this way, the spring 29 biases the rotary latch 5 over the toggle lever 11 in its closed position.

The second embodiment also has, as in the 8 to 11 to see a stop 30, which ensures that the bolt 9 is not clamped in the closed position of the rotary latch 5 of this. In this way, a simple mounting of an attachment 3 on a vehicle 2 by inserting or pulling out of the bolt 9 is ensured. Alternatively, a stop 30 may also be provided on the knee lever 11, which also results in that the pin 9 is not clamped.

The device according to the second embodiment can be emergency opened in various ways.
For emergency opening, on the one hand, the force-generating element 20, in the present case the spring 29, can be released from the device 1 at one end. For example, by pulling out a bearing pin 31, 32, with which the force-generating element 20 is connected to the device 1. Preferably, the bearing pin 32 is removed, which connects the force-generating element 20 remote from the toggle lever 11 end with the device 1. In this way, the power flow from the force-generating element 20 is lifted to the rotary latch 5. Upon release of the bearing pin 31, the power flow would be interrupted.
The bearing pins 31, 32 can be removed manually or by hand for emergency opening. For better accessibility of the bearing pins 31,32, the side walls 18, 19 in the region of the bearing pins 31, 32 have an opening. In the Fig. 8 the breakthrough is formed as a hole 33.

The device 1 described above, as well as the attachment 3 described above, as well as the vehicle 2 described above and the above-described method for coupling and emergency decoupling of an attachment 3 from a vehicle 2 are characterized in particular by a simple opening by the rotary latch 5 and ensure safe, low-force emergency decoupling.

Reference numerals:

1

device

2

vehicle

3

attachment

4

snowplow

5

catch

6

movable holding element

7

retaining element

8th

bolt

9

bolt

10

closing device

11

toggle

12

leg

13

leg

14

middle joint

15

joint

16

joint

17

stop surface

18

Side wall

19

Side wall

20

force-generating element

21

Section for engaging a tool

22

threaded portion

23

tapered section

24

cutting charge

25

wider section

26

tapered section

27

feather

28

shell

29

feather

30

attack

31

bearing bolt

32

bearing bolt

33

hole

A

Angle between the thighs

Claims (11)

1. Mechanism for coupling an attachment (3), in particular a clearing blade (4) or a mine-clearance device, to a vehicle (2), having a rotary latch (5) and
   a locking mechanism (10), which acts on the rotary latch (5) under lever force and is prestressed in the direction of the locked position of the rotary latch (5), wherein the mechanism is configured such that, for emergency decoupling purposes, it is possible to interrupt or eliminate the flow of forces between a force-generating device (20) and the rotary latch (5), wherein the locking mechanism (10) has a toggle lever (11),
   wherein the toggle lever (11) has two limbs (12, 13), which are connected to one another in an articulated manner,
   wherein the angle (A) between the two limbs (12, 13) of the toggle lever (11) is between 160 degrees and 180 degrees in the locked position of the rotary latch (5),
   wherein the rotary latch (5) has two retaining elements (6, 7),
   wherein the rotary latch (5) and/or the toggle lever (11) have/has a stop (30), which ensures a predetermined amount of play between the two retaining elements (6, 7) and a bolt (8), which is to be retained therein, and
   wherein the stop (30) ensures that the toggle lever (11) does not become bent.
2. Mechanism according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rotary latch (5) has a first retaining element (6), which can be moved from an open position into the locked position, and a second, in particular mechanism-mounted, retaining element (7) for retaining a bolt in the rotary latch (5).
3. Mechanism according to Claim 2, characterized in that a lever, in particular a toggle lever (11), acts on the movable retaining element (6) of the rotary latch (5).
4. Mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking mechanism (10) has the force-generating device (20), in particular a spring (27, 29) and/or a screw-action element (22), for generating the lever force.
5. Mechanism according to Claim 4, characterized in that the force-generating device (20) acts on the toggle lever (11) in the region of a joint between the limbs (12, 13) of the toggle lever (11).
6. Mechanism according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, for emergency decoupling purposes, it is possible to interrupt or eliminate the flow of forces between the force-generating device (20) and the rotary latch (5) mechanically or explosively.
7. Attachment for a vehicle (2) and/or vehicle for accommodating an attachment (3),
   characterized by
   at least one mechanism (1), preferably two mechanisms (1), according to one of Claims 1 to 6.
8. Method for the emergency decoupling of an attachment (3), in particular of a clearing blade (4) or of a mine plough, from a vehicle (2) by means of a mechanism according to one of the preceding claims,
   wherein
   a locking mechanism (5), which acts on a rotary latch (5) under lever force,
   is relieved of stressing, wherein, for emergency decoupling purposes, the flow of forces between the rotary latch (5) and a force-generating device (20) is interrupted or eliminated and, in the process, the attachment (3) is decoupled from the vehicle (2).
9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that, for the purpose of interrupting the flow of forces, the force-generating device (20) is destroyed, in particular mechanically or explosively.
10. Method according to either of Claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the flow of forces is interrupted manually, by motor and/or by remote control.
11. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that, in the event of emergency decoupling, the rotary latch (5) opens under the weight of the attachment (3) and/or vehicle (2) and the attachment (3) is decoupled from the vehicle (2).

Images