EP2849199A1 - Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance - Google Patents

Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2849199A1
EP2849199A1 EP13184489.6A EP13184489A EP2849199A1 EP 2849199 A1 EP2849199 A1 EP 2849199A1 EP 13184489 A EP13184489 A EP 13184489A EP 2849199 A1 EP2849199 A1 EP 2849199A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
movable contact
movable
switching unit
short
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13184489.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Kreutzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP13184489.6A priority Critical patent/EP2849199A1/fr
Priority to US14/915,832 priority patent/US9947486B2/en
Priority to BR112016001574-6A priority patent/BR112016001574B1/pt
Priority to CN201480036715.0A priority patent/CN105340045B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2014/064568 priority patent/WO2015036143A1/fr
Priority to EP14741539.2A priority patent/EP2992543B1/fr
Publication of EP2849199A1 publication Critical patent/EP2849199A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2409—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electromagnetic current limiting mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/38—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using spring or other flexible shaft coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H2001/508—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position with mechanical means to prevent return/reverse movement of movable contact once opening or closing cycle has started
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2418—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching unit, in particular a circuit breaker, with a contact slide unit, which has a contact slide and a fixed and a movable contact piece, and a short-circuit release, which acts via a plunger in the event of a short circuit on the movable contact piece.
  • Switching units serve, among other things, the safe switching off in the event of a short circuit and thus protect consumers and systems. Furthermore, electrical or mechanical switching units are suitable for the operational, manual switching of consumers and for the safe separation of a system from the power network during maintenance or changes to the system. Electrical switching units are often operated electromagnetically.
  • switching units are high-quality electrical switching devices with integrated protection for motors, lines, transformers and generators. They are used at workstations with a lower switching frequency. Such switching units are suitable in addition to the short circuit protection for overload protection.
  • Known switching units have a contact slide unit with a contact slide and a movable contact piece.
  • the movable contact piece also has electrical contacts.
  • switching units have first contacts to a power line.
  • the electrical contacts of the movable contact piece contact the fixed contacts of the switching unit.
  • the electrical contacts of the movable contact piece are released from the fixed contacts, so that the flow of current is interrupted.
  • the movable contact is released from the fixed contacts.
  • short-circuit shutdowns in a switching unit it may come to the rotation of the movable contact piece about its longitudinal axis after releasing the movable contact piece.
  • the movable contact piece rotates about its longitudinal axis, this is also referred to as a bridge rotator. That is, the movable contact piece then returns after the rotation is no longer in its original position, but remains in the rotated position.
  • Known contact slides of switching units often have two guide systems, an inner and an outer guide system.
  • the outer guide system is used when the switching operation, that is, the switching on or off, via a switching mechanism of the switching unit. This does not create a bridge twister.
  • the inner guide system is used in the short-firing case when the switching operation via a switching armature, often a plunger, the switching unit takes place. That is, when switching off due to a short circuit, the movable contact piece along the inner guide system leads the contact slide ahead, bounces on impact surfaces in the so-called lower part of the switching unit and flies back along the inner guide system. In this case, it flies against the switching armature or the plunger of the switching unit. It may happen that the movable contact piece and the plunger meet outside their center lines, so that this can lead to a rotation of the movable contact piece about its longitudinal axis.
  • Another problem is that in the event of a short circuit, the circuit breaker does not interrupt the short circuit current fast enough. In this case, three contact-opening mechanisms act staggered over time.
  • the short-term temporary contact opening due to a current flow occurs on the one hand via current loop forces at the contact point between fixed and movable contact pieces and on the other hand via an electromagnetically driven pin by the short-circuit release.
  • the permanent contact opening is made via a mechanical linkage chain to be unlatched in conjunction with a shift lever.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a switching unit which reliably ensures the timing of the contact-opening mechanisms even at high short-circuit currents.
  • this object is achieved by a switching unit, in particular a circuit breaker, with a contact slide unit, which has a contact slide and a fixed and a movable contact piece, and a short-circuit release, which acts on the movable contact piece via a plunger in the event of a short circuit.
  • the invention is characterized in that the switching unit has a movable braking device, which is designed such that in case of short circuit, the movable braking device dampens the movement of the rebounded, movable contact piece.
  • the invention makes use of the physical principle of energy exchange in the collision of two bodies. If two bodies bang together, their velocities change analogously to their mass ratios. The contact piece rebounding from the housing coincides with a mass. The speed of the contact is significantly slowed down and thus the time to reach the fixed contact points extended. This time delay is sufficient for the switch lock to be able to travel the way to a permanent minimum contact opening width.
  • the movable contact piece is guided on a guide element, wherein the movable brake device is arranged above the movable contact piece and at the upper end of the guide element.
  • the guide element is preferably designed as a guide pin and has a region of greater mass. The center of mass is above the moving contact. The mass is moved to the current dynamic lifting of the contact piece by the plunger of the short-circuit release in the return trajectory of the contact piece. The thus resulting inevitable collision with the located on the return path switching piece leads to the desired time delay.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the assembly is easy to accomplish and also a guiding function of the bridge is realized against rotation.
  • a further movable braking device is arranged in addition to the lower end of the guide element.
  • a second mass is positioned in addition to the first mass below the movable contact piece. Both masses are connected together to form a double mass, preferably by an opening breakthrough in the switching bridge. They are also arranged axially displaceable in the direction of the contact opening. In current-dynamic contact bridge opening, the switching bridge against the contact load spring in its opening movement first against the bottom mass arranged, accelerates this and is thereby slowed down.
  • Bridge and double mass fly up to the possibly different housing stops and rebound from there.
  • the housing stop of the double mass further away from the point of contact than the contact bridge. This means that the bridge is already back on the way back and again collides with the still flying double mass, giving more kinetic energy, so that the bridge is slowed down further.
  • the preloaded contact load spring moves both parts again in the direction of contact.
  • the movable brake device is arranged on the plunger of the short-circuit release. This embodiment is characterized by a very simple installation.
  • the switching unit according to the invention has a contact slide unit with a contact slide and a fixed and a movable contact piece, which are arranged opposite to each other.
  • a plunger of a short-circuit release is arranged above the contact slide unit.
  • a tubular extension is formed, which is either integrally connected to the plunger or is formed as a separate part on the plunger. This tubular extension corresponds in this embodiment of the mass that forms the braking device.
  • the movable contact piece has an opening in which the guide element is positioned.
  • the guide element preferably has, above the movable contact piece, a mass-formed braking device.
  • a further additional mass can be arranged as a braking device below the movable contact piece on the guide element.
  • the invention is characterized in that by positioning at least one additional mass, which serves as a braking device, an energy exchange is caused by the impact of two bodies, which leads to the speed reduction of the movable contact piece.
  • the additional masses for the braking device according to the invention are arranged at least in two embodiments on the guide element, which guides the movable contact piece.
  • the guide element has a double function. On the one hand, it serves as a braking device to reduce the speed of the movable, rebound contact piece in the event of triggering.
  • the guide element guides the movable contact piece so that rotations of the contact piece due to a high momentum of movement are reliably avoided.
  • the switching unit according to the invention thus also allows reliable at high short-circuit currents, the timing of the contact-opening mechanisms.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a switching unit according to the invention with a contact slide unit, which has a contact slide 1 and a fixed and a movable contact piece 2, 3, and a short-circuit release 4, which acts on the movable contact piece 3 via a plunger 5 in the event of a short circuit.
  • the movable contact piece 3 has an opening 6, through which a guide element 7 is guided.
  • the guide element 7 is formed above the movable contact piece 3 with a mass 8 which is arranged on the movable contact piece 3, that it separates the movable contact piece 3 from the fixed contact piece 2 in the event of a short circuit when the plunger 5 strikes the mass 8.
  • Fig. 1 is also a mechanical chain link to be unlatched in the form of a switch lock 10 is shown.
  • the switching mechanism 10 has the function of keeping the contact bridge permanently open when triggered.
  • Fig. 2 is the contact slide unit after Fig. 1 displayed in the event of a trip.
  • the plunger 5 meets the mass 8 of the guide member 7, whereby the guide member 7 moves back into the guide of the housing 9 and thereby separates the movable contact piece 3 from the fixed contact piece 2.
  • Fig. 3 shows the first embodiment Fig. 1 and 2 during the bridge reflection of the movable contact piece 3 on the braking device, which is formed in the form of the mass 8 on the guide element 7.
  • Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 3 , wherein the contact bridge is held in the open state by the switching mechanism 10.
  • Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a switching unit according to the invention with a contact slide 1 and a short-circuit release 4 with a braking device according to the invention in the form of a double mass 11 in the on state.
  • the contact slide unit comprises a contact slide 1 and a fixed and a movable contact piece 2, 3 and a short-circuit release 4, which acts on the movable contact piece 3 via a plunger 5 in the event of a short circuit.
  • the movable contact piece 3 on an opening 6, through which a guide member 12 is guided.
  • the guide element 12 is formed above and below the movable contact piece 3 respectively at the end regions with a mass that characterizes the braking device according to the invention of the second embodiment in the form of a double mass 11.
  • the mass above the movable contact piece 3 is designed such that, in the event of a short circuit, the movable contact piece 3 separates from the fixed contact piece 2 when the plunger 5 meets the mass.
  • the mass below the movable contact piece 3 is designed such that it limits the movement of the movable contact piece 3 when triggered.
  • the guide for the guide member 12 with the double mass 11 in the housing 9 is adapted to the ground below the movable contact piece 3.
  • a mechanical kinematics chain to be unlatched in the form of a switching mechanism 10 is shown.
  • the switching mechanism 10 has the function of keeping the contact bridge permanently open when triggered.
  • Fig. 6 is the contact slide unit after Fig. 5 displayed in the event of a trip.
  • the plunger 5 meets the double mass 11 of the guide member 12, whereby the guide member 12 moves back into the guide of the housing 9 and thereby separates the movable contact piece 3 from the fixed contact piece 2.
  • Fig. 7 shows the embodiment according to the FIGS. 5 and 6 in case of short circuit, wherein the movements of the movable contact piece 3 is limited on the one hand by the housing stop and the other by the double mass 11 below the movable contact piece 3.
  • Fig. 8 shows the second embodiment according to the Fig. 5 to 7 during the bridge reflection of the movable contact piece 3 on the brake device according to the invention, which is in the form of a double mass 11 on the guide element 12.
  • Fig. 9 is the embodiment of the Fig. 5 to 8 shown, being held by the switching mechanism 10, the contact bridge in the open state.
  • Fig. 10 shows a third embodiment of a switching unit according to the invention with a contact slide 1 and a short-circuit release 4 with an inventive Braking device in the form of a tubular body-like extension of the plunger 5 of the short-circuit release in the on state.
  • the contact slide unit comprises a contact slide 1 and a fixed and a movable contact piece 2, 3 and a short-circuit release 4, which acts on the movable contact 3 via a plunger 5 in the event of a short circuit.
  • the braking device in the form of a tubular body-like extension 13, which surrounds the end of the plunger 5, is formed.
  • a mechanic kinematic chain to be unlatched in the form of a switching mechanism 10 is shown.
  • the switching mechanism 10 has the function of keeping the contact bridge permanently open when triggered.
  • Fig. 11 is the contact slide unit after Fig. 10 displayed in the event of a trip.
  • the plunger 5 including the tubular body-like extension 13 meets the movable contact piece 3, whereby the movable contact piece 3 is separated from the fixed contact piece 2.
  • Fig. 12 the third embodiment according to the 10 and 11 during the bridge reflection of the movable contact piece 3 on the brake device according to the invention, which is designed in the form of a tubular body-like extension 13 on the plunger 5.
  • Fig. 13 is the embodiment of the 10 to 12 shown, being held by the switching mechanism 10, the contact bridge in the open state.
  • Fig. 14 shows a path-time diagram for a movable contact piece without inventive braking device from the prior art. From the diagram it can be seen that as much time is required for the movement in the direction of the housing stop as for the return movement toward the fixed contact piece, that is to say the movable contact piece undergoes this movement without braking.
  • Fig. 15 is a path-time diagram for an inventive embodiment shown with an additional mass as a braking device or with a tubular body-like extension on the plunger as a braking device for the movable contact piece.
  • the path from the contact contact S 0 to the housing stop S 2 follows the course Fig. 14 like.
  • the path from the housing stop L 2 in the direction of contact contact S 0 is different.
  • the point S 1 to collision and thus the energy exchange between the respective braking device and the movable contact piece.
  • the associated time gain is evident from the diagram in the form of the time interval t 2 . Due to the time delay, which is caused by the braking device, the operation of the switching mechanism is guaranteed.
  • Fig. 16 the path-time diagram for the embodiment according to the invention with double mass is shown as a braking device for the movable contact piece. Unlike the diagram Fig. 15 There is an even greater time delay, which is denoted by t 3 in the diagram, by the two-time collision between the upper mass and the movable contact piece and between the lower mass and the movable contact piece. By this time delay, the operation of the switching mechanism is guaranteed here.
  • the invention is characterized in that by positioning at least one additional mass, which serves as a braking device, an energy exchange is caused by the impact of two bodies, which leads to speed reduction of the movable contact piece.
  • the additional masses for the braking device according to the invention are arranged at least in two embodiments on the guide element, which guides the movable contact piece.
  • the guide element has a double function. On the one hand it serves as a braking device to To reduce the speed of the movable rebound contact in case of tripping.
  • the guide element guides the movable contact piece so that rotations of the contact piece due to a high momentum of movement are reliably avoided.
  • the switching unit according to the invention thus also allows reliable at high short-circuit currents, the timing of the contact-opening mechanisms.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP13184489.6A 2013-09-16 2013-09-16 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance Withdrawn EP2849199A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13184489.6A EP2849199A1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2013-09-16 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance
US14/915,832 US9947486B2 (en) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 Switch unit, in particular a circuit breaker
BR112016001574-6A BR112016001574B1 (pt) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 Unidade de comutação
CN201480036715.0A CN105340045B (zh) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 开关单元，尤其功率开关
PCT/EP2014/064568 WO2015036143A1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 Bloc de coupure, en particulier disjoncteur
EP14741539.2A EP2992543B1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13184489.6A EP2849199A1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2013-09-16 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2849199A1 true EP2849199A1 (fr) 2015-03-18

Family

ID=49212614

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13184489.6A Withdrawn EP2849199A1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2013-09-16 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance
EP14741539.2A Active EP2992543B1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14741539.2A Active EP2992543B1 (fr) 2013-09-16 2014-07-08 Unité de commutation, notamment commutateur de puissance

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9947486B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2849199A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105340045B (fr)
BR (1) BR112016001574B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015036143A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021104812B3 (de) 2021-03-01 2022-02-17 elobau GmbH & Co.KG Stufenhubtaster

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516090A (en) * 1965-05-21 1970-06-02 Gen Electric Current limiting circuit breaker with independent acting high speed opening means
DE102006054984A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät mit einer Doppelunterbrechung
DE102006055007A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät mit einer Doppelunterbrechung
DE102008016036A1 (de) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät mit einer Doppelunterbrechung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4104494A (en) * 1974-11-25 1978-08-01 David Allen Swann Electric switches
DE102007015794B4 (de) 2007-03-30 2009-02-26 Siemens Ag Kontaktschiebereinheit für eine Schalteinheit, insbesondere einen Leistungsschalter, aufweisend einen Kontaktschieber und ein Schaltstück
EP2704171A1 (fr) 2012-08-29 2014-03-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Unité à curseur de contact pour une unité de commutation, notamment pour un disjoncteur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516090A (en) * 1965-05-21 1970-06-02 Gen Electric Current limiting circuit breaker with independent acting high speed opening means
DE102006054984A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät mit einer Doppelunterbrechung
DE102006055007A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät mit einer Doppelunterbrechung
DE102008016036A1 (de) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät mit einer Doppelunterbrechung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9947486B2 (en) 2018-04-17
BR112016001574A2 (pt) 2017-07-25
EP2992543A1 (fr) 2016-03-09
CN105340045B (zh) 2018-06-05
US20160203921A1 (en) 2016-07-14
WO2015036143A1 (fr) 2015-03-19
BR112016001574B1 (pt) 2021-12-28
CN105340045A (zh) 2016-02-17
EP2992543B1 (fr) 2019-04-24

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