EP2843199A1 - Moteur à combustion interne et cache culbuteur modulaire - Google Patents

Moteur à combustion interne et cache culbuteur modulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2843199A1
EP2843199A1 EP20140162502 EP14162502A EP2843199A1 EP 2843199 A1 EP2843199 A1 EP 2843199A1 EP 20140162502 EP20140162502 EP 20140162502 EP 14162502 A EP14162502 A EP 14162502A EP 2843199 A1 EP2843199 A1 EP 2843199A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
cover
internal combustion
combustion engine
shaped seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20140162502
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manlio MATTEI
Riccardo BONACINA
Marco GALETTI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Same Deutz Fahr Group SpA
Original Assignee
Same Deutz Fahr Group SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Same Deutz Fahr Group SpA filed Critical Same Deutz Fahr Group SpA
Publication of EP2843199A1 publication Critical patent/EP2843199A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2422—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means or a hydraulic adjusting device located between the push rod and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L2001/2427—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of an hydraulic adjusting device located between cam and push rod

Definitions

  • the present invention generally refers to an internal combustion engine and, more in particular, to a modular valve cover which can be used on an internal combustion engine with rods and rocker arms distribution and tappets with hydraulic recovery of the clearance.
  • the term “distribution” is used to indicate the assembly of the mechanical members provided to control the air/fuel mixture flowing into the cylinder or into the cylinders and the burnt gases flowing from the cylinder or from the cylinders of an internal combustion engine of the four-stroke type.
  • cams In almost all four-stroke internal combustion engines currently being manufactured, the steps of supplying the air/fuel mixture in each cylinder, as well as the ejection of the combustion gases from the cylinder, are carried out by valves of the mushroom type controlled by particular eccentrics, referred to as cams, usually splined on a so-called camshaft.
  • cams The camshaft is actuated by the drive shaft, with respect to which it rotates at a half angular speed and to which it is connected through a chain or a belt or, more rarely, through a cascade of gears.
  • the distribution mechanism is grouped on the head.
  • the camshaft directly drives the tappets of the valves and it is connected to the driving shaft in one of the aforementioned manners.
  • a conventional internal combustion engine provided with the rods and rocker arms distribution system is schematically illustrated, in sectional view.
  • the rotary movement assigned to the camshaft 100 is transformed into the alternating rectilinear motion through the contact between the cam of the shaft 100 and the plate 102 of the mechanical tappet 104, according to a law of motion defined by the profile of the cam.
  • the alternating rectilinear motion of the mechanical tappet 104 generates a rotation of the rocker arm 106 around its own fixing pin 108 by means of a rod 110 arranged in contact with the mechanical tappet 104 and a first "cam side” arm of the rocker arm 106.
  • the rotary movement of the rocker arm 106 is once again transformed into the rectilinear motion of the valve 112 through the second "valve side” arm of the rocker arm 106.
  • a spring 114 coupled with the valve 112 generates the due static pre-load in the distribution system and guarantees, during the closing step, the return of the valve 112 in position.
  • a support block 116, required for locking the pin 108 which supports the rocker arm 106, is fixed using screws into corresponding seats obtained directly in the head of the engine.
  • the possible mechanical clearance present in the distribution system is adjusted, during the first mounting and during the engine maintenance step, through an adjustment screw 118 integrated in the rocker arm 106.
  • a removable cover 120 is arranged to close the entire distribution system and a gasket 122, interposed between the head of the engine and such cover 120, ensures the sealing.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine with rods and rocker arms distribution and tappets with hydraulic recovery of the clearance, that is particularly compact in the vertical direction.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine in which the construction complexity and assembly of the entire distribution system is reduced with respect to the engines with rods and rocker arms distribution according to the prior art.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine in which it is also reduced the number of the components of the entire distribution system with respect to the rods and rocker arms distribution engines according to the prior art.
  • an internal combustion engine in particular an internal combustion engine with rods and rocker arms distribution and tappets with hydraulic recovery of clearance, as outlined in claim 1.
  • the vertical compactness and construction simplification of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention were obtained by designing a valve cover with integrated system for fixing the pins of the rocker arms, to be used in combination with a distribution system according to the rods and rocker arms pattern and tappets with hydraulic recovery of the clearance valves.
  • the use of this integrated valve cover also allowed to compact the injection system (height of the injectors and relative fuelling and cabling pipes) and the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, to the benefit of the final overall dimension of the engine hood.
  • an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is shown, indicated in its entirety with reference number 10.
  • the engine 10 is of the four-stroke type and it comprises, in a per se known manner, a block 12 within which one or more cylinders 14 are obtained, said cylinders 14 respectively housing one or more pistons which are mobile with an alternating motion.
  • the block 12 is surmounted by a single head 16 for each cylinder 14, within which one or more intake ports 18 are obtained for the fuel incoming into the respective cylinders 14 and one or more exhaust ports for exhausting the combustion gases.
  • the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust ports 18 are controlled by respective intake and exhaust valves 20 actuated by at least one camshaft 22.
  • the camshaft 22 is arranged in the block 12 and its rotating movement is transformed into the alternating rectilinear motion of each valve 20 by means of a corresponding hydraulic tappet.
  • the hydraulic tappet comprises, for each valve 20, a hydraulic element 24 for recovering the clearance of such valve 20, operatively connected to a cam of the camshaft 22, a rod 26, fixed on the hydraulic element 24 and mobile with an alternating rectilinear motion partially inside the block 12 and partially inside the head 16, and a rocker arm 28, placed in rotation around its own pin 30 by the alternating rectilinear motion of the rod 26 so as to be able to move - in turn - the valve 20 according to an alternating rectilinear motion.
  • each single head 16 a single cover 32 for each cylinder 14 is permanently constrained, internally provided with at least two shaped seats 34 and 36 capable of completely housing two respective rocker arms 28 during the relative rotating movement around their own pins 30.
  • a corresponding circular hole 38, 40 is obtained in which the pin 30 for rotating the rocker arm 28 is fixed housed in such shaped seat 34, 36.
  • the cover 32 has a particularly low height-wise development, given that it is configured for housing the rocker arms 28 only during the relative rotating movement around their own pins 30.
  • Such cover 32 is preferably made of aluminium alloy by means of the diecasting technique.
  • Both the pins 30 and the respective rocker arms 28 are instead preferably made of forged microalloyed steel.
  • Each circular hole 38, 40 of the cover 32 is preferably a blind hole and it is oriented according to a direction substantially perpendicular with respect to the direction of development of the corresponding shaped seat 34, 36, as illustrated for example in figure 6 .
  • Each shaped seat 34, 36 is also provided, at the intersection portion between the shaped seat 34, 36 and the respective circular hole 38, 40, with a pair of steel shoulder rings 42 which at least partially surround each rocker arm 28 for filling the clearance between such rocker arm 28 and the respective shaped seat 34, 36.
  • the function of the traditional adjustment screw which serves to adjust the clearance between the valve and the slide of the rocker arm in the engines of the known type, is thus directly performed by the hydraulic element 24 of the tappet.
  • the axial clearance between the rocker arm 28 and the respective shaped seat 34, 36 is instead directly recovered by the shoulder ring 42.
  • each pin 30 is fixed in the respective circular hole 38, 40 by interposing a sealing ring 46 of the O-Ring type, so as to avoid the possible leakage of engine oil from cover 32.
  • a threaded closing plug 48 of each circular hole 38, 40 is provided which covers the respective pin 30 and further increases the sealing of the cover 32.
  • Each valve 20 is provided, in a per se known manner, with a return spring 50 operating by compression.
  • Each shaped seat 34, 36 is thus provided with an enlarged end portion 52 capable of at least partially house such return spring 50 when not compressed by the action of the rocker arm 28.
  • a gasket 54 for guaranteeing the perfect tightness of the cover 32.
  • the cover 32 according to the present invention also allows to drastically reduce the mounting operations to be carried out in the production line, thus further reducing the costs for assembling the engine 10.
  • the operator could vertically drop the cover 32, in which the rocker arms 28 and the relative pins 30 were previously pre-assembled on the head 16 of the cylinder through a single operation and exploiting specifically designed dowel pins 76 obtained on the upper surface 72 of the head 16. Once the cover 32 has been approached to the head 16 it would only be required to fasten the fixing screws 56 which constrain such cover 32 to such head 16.
  • the rod 26 rests on the relative channel 62 partially obtained in the head 16 and partially in the block 12 and which is required for recovering the lubrication oil and the blow-by gases.
  • the channel 62 having to ensure the outflow of the engine oil and of the blow-by gases, is characterised by passage sections which are much wider with respect to the nominal diameter of the stem of the rod 26.
  • each rod 26 is approximately in its nominal operating position.
  • Such object may be attained by using a specific mounting tool which facilitates the work of the operator and ensures the uniqueness of the mounting.
  • the mounting tool may for example comprise a plurality of removable masks 64, one for each valve 20 and the relative tappet ( figure 7 ).
  • Each mask 64 may be fixed on the top part of the head 16 before the application of the cover 32.
  • Each mask 64 is provided with a calibrated seat 66, for example U-shaped, with which a respective rod 26 can be held in position.
  • the mounting of the cover 32 may thus be summarised as follows:
  • the mounting masks 64 may be realized according to many variants depending on the configuration of the head 16. In figure 7 it can for example be observed that the positioning of such masks 64 is ensured by one or more machined perpendicular surfaces 68 and 70 of the head 16. In any case, further dowel pins 76 could be inserted on the upper surface 72 of the head 16 to ensure the positioning of the cover 32 and thus modify the layout of the mounting tool.
  • the mounting tool described up to now, as well as its possible variants require additional machining costs (machined surfaces on the cylinder head for the positioning or further use of dowel pins), tool costs (providing mounting masks) and assembly costs (additional operations are required by the operator).
  • a particular embodiment of the cover 32 according to the present invention is thus capable of avoiding additional operations for the operator and additional assembly costs.
  • the cover 32 may be provided - at the lower part - with a specific gasket 54 having such a shape and development to directly integrate the previously described mounting tool in the design of the gasket 54.
  • gasket 54 serves two functions, i.e. that of sealing the surfaces between head 16 of the engine 10 and cover 32 of the valves 20 and that of positioning the rods 26 during the mounting of the cover 32.
  • the correct positioning of the gasket 54 is ensured through a plurality of holes 74 obtained on the lower surface of the cover 32 at relative dowel pins 76 obtained on the upper surface 72 of the head 16 ( figure 7 ).
  • one or more walls 78 provided with respective calibrated holes 80 arranged at the upper end of each rod 26 and configured to be traversed by the spherical head 58 of each rod 26, are obtained in the gasket 54.
  • the rods 26, previously assembled in the block 12 of the engine 10 may be manually inserted into the calibrated holes 80 during the positioning of the gasket 54.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
EP20140162502 2013-04-09 2014-03-28 Moteur à combustion interne et cache culbuteur modulaire Withdrawn EP2843199A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000552A ITMI20130552A1 (it) 2013-04-09 2013-04-09 Motore a combustione interna e relativo coperchio valvole modulare

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2843199A1 true EP2843199A1 (fr) 2015-03-04

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EP20140162502 Withdrawn EP2843199A1 (fr) 2013-04-09 2014-03-28 Moteur à combustion interne et cache culbuteur modulaire

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EP (1) EP2843199A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20130552A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014223222A1 (de) * 2014-11-13 2016-01-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Kipphebelanordnungfür die Ventilbetätigung an einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP3353389A4 (fr) * 2015-09-25 2020-01-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Ensemble de support de dispositif de commande de soupapes
CN111033003A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2020-04-17 伊顿智能动力有限公司 球形引擎制动机构

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1741677A (en) 1927-02-24 1929-12-31 Harold F Pitcairn Valve-adjusting means for internal-combustion engines
GB388434A (en) 1931-08-27 1933-02-27 New Imp Motors Ltd Improvements relating to overhead-valve internal combustion engines of the air-cooled type
FR752332A (fr) 1932-04-04 1933-09-20 Perfectionnements au mécanisme de commande des soupapes des moteurs à combustion interne
FR1353420A (fr) * 1963-04-13 1964-02-21 Daimler Benz Ag Réalisation de la culasse du cylindre et du capot de la culasse du cylindre de moteurs à combustion interne à injection
FR1499504A (fr) * 1966-10-07 1967-10-27 Motomak Elément compensateur de jeu s'ajustant au tomatiquement par voie hydraulique pour la commande des soupapes de machines à piston
DE2245666A1 (de) * 1972-09-16 1974-03-21 Volkswagenwerk Ag Hydraulische spielausgleichsvorrichtung
JPS6228136A (ja) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd エンジンのシリンダヘツドカバ−へのロツカア−ムの組付方法
US4721074A (en) * 1986-12-12 1988-01-26 General Motors Corporation Engine valve train module
US6883483B1 (en) * 2003-11-20 2005-04-26 Dresser, Inc. Gasket with pushrod retainer

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009058114A1 (fr) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-07 S & S Cycle, Inc. Ensemble couvercle de culasse pour motocyclette

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1741677A (en) 1927-02-24 1929-12-31 Harold F Pitcairn Valve-adjusting means for internal-combustion engines
GB388434A (en) 1931-08-27 1933-02-27 New Imp Motors Ltd Improvements relating to overhead-valve internal combustion engines of the air-cooled type
FR752332A (fr) 1932-04-04 1933-09-20 Perfectionnements au mécanisme de commande des soupapes des moteurs à combustion interne
FR1353420A (fr) * 1963-04-13 1964-02-21 Daimler Benz Ag Réalisation de la culasse du cylindre et du capot de la culasse du cylindre de moteurs à combustion interne à injection
FR1499504A (fr) * 1966-10-07 1967-10-27 Motomak Elément compensateur de jeu s'ajustant au tomatiquement par voie hydraulique pour la commande des soupapes de machines à piston
DE2245666A1 (de) * 1972-09-16 1974-03-21 Volkswagenwerk Ag Hydraulische spielausgleichsvorrichtung
JPS6228136A (ja) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd エンジンのシリンダヘツドカバ−へのロツカア−ムの組付方法
US4721074A (en) * 1986-12-12 1988-01-26 General Motors Corporation Engine valve train module
US6883483B1 (en) * 2003-11-20 2005-04-26 Dresser, Inc. Gasket with pushrod retainer

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014223222A1 (de) * 2014-11-13 2016-01-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Kipphebelanordnungfür die Ventilbetätigung an einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP3353389A4 (fr) * 2015-09-25 2020-01-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Ensemble de support de dispositif de commande de soupapes
US10774694B2 (en) 2015-09-25 2020-09-15 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Valve train carrier assembly
CN111033003A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2020-04-17 伊顿智能动力有限公司 球形引擎制动机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20130552A1 (it) 2014-10-10

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