EP2839495B1 - On-load tap changer - Google Patents

On-load tap changer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2839495B1
EP2839495B1 EP13714885.4A EP13714885A EP2839495B1 EP 2839495 B1 EP2839495 B1 EP 2839495B1 EP 13714885 A EP13714885 A EP 13714885A EP 2839495 B1 EP2839495 B1 EP 2839495B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load tap
tap changer
selector
contact
contacts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13714885.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2839495A1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Bieringer
Christian Hammer
Rolf Strempel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2839495A1 publication Critical patent/EP2839495A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2231/00—Applications
    • H01H2231/052—Selectors, e.g. dimmers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an on-load tap changer for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • On-load tap-changers have been in worldwide use for many years for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of tapped transformers in large numbers. So-called reactor switches, which are particularly common in North America, have a switching reactance, which allows a slow, continuous switching.
  • On-load tap changers according to the resistance fast-switching principle usually consist of a selector for powerless selection of the respective winding tap of the tapped transformer to be switched to, and a diverter switch for the actual switching from the previous to the new, preselected winding tapping.
  • the diverter switch usually has switching contacts and resistance contacts.
  • the switch contacts are used for direct connection of the respective winding tap with the load dissipation, the resistor contacts for short-term wiring, d. H. Bridging by means of one or more switching resistors.
  • a diverter switch carries a drivable by a power storage drive shaft with at least one cam.
  • the cam has a plurality of control cams, wherein two arranged on the cam front control cams have a deviating from a circular contour contour on the type of cam on the contact one each connected via a rocker arm with a vacuum interrupter roller is performed, the profiled contour of the respective control cam taps.
  • tap changer In a special type of on-load tap-changers, the so-called load selectors, the described means for selecting a new winding tapping and the means for actual load switching are structurally combined and operated together.
  • tap changer are constructed according to the principle of resistance fast circuit for uninterrupted switching from a tap of a tapped transformer to another so that each with the outputs of the stepped windings electrically connected fixed step contacts in one or more horizontal plane or planes are arranged in a circle on an insulating material stand or cylinder and can be connected by actuated by concentric drive shafts rotatable contact bridges.
  • load selectors in which the step selection and the actual load switching are combined, the actuation of the contact bridges takes place abruptly after triggering a wound up by the drive shaft of the switch energy storage, usually spring energy storage.
  • DE 42 37 165 C1 forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1 and, unlike these conventional constructions, describes a tap changer with linear contact actuation, wherein the fixed step contacts extend along a track into the interior of the switch and are connectable by a displaceable switching mechanism, in turn, of the Drive shaft is driven.
  • the vertically displaceable switching mechanism consists of a continuously driven by the drive shaft elevator carriage, which selects the new fixed stage contact, and a windable by the elevator carriage by means of an energy storage driven part, which jumps after triggering the elevator carriage and thereby the actual load switching of the previous tap Step winding on the selected new tap completes.
  • the required switching elements are part of the stripping section.
  • WO 2004 088 693 A1 describes a tap changer, which includes as a drive a torque motor that operates both the diverter switch and the fine selector directly.
  • the general inventive idea is to operate both the selector contact unit, as well as the switching means for uninterrupted load switching by means of a common motor drive without the interposition of an energy storage.
  • the motor drive both a threaded spindle is driven, which in turn is in operative connection with the selector contact unit, as well as a camshaft, by means of which the vacuum interrupters are actuated.
  • This allows in a particularly advantageous manner, a simple operation of the selector contact unit independently of the vacuum interrupters.
  • the on-load tap-changer has a transmission module attached to the underside of the transformer cover, which cooperates with the motor drive arranged on the opposite outer side of the transformer cover.
  • the gear module has for this purpose a flange-like sealing module, which is arranged directly on the underside of the transformer cover and releasably connected to the motor drive, in particular screwed, is.
  • the gear module On the transmission module, the entire on-load tap-changer is also attached.
  • the gear module has both the task of holding the on-load tap-changer, as well as seal by means of the sealing module with respect to the outside of the transformer. Twists of the transformer cover during transport of the transformer are thus not transmitted to the on-load tap-changer.
  • a connection flange with overfilled sealing surface on the transformer cover can be dispensed with.
  • this type of proposed attachment provides a simple for the transformer manufacturer mounting the on-load tap-changer within the transformer tank.
  • a support plate made of a dielectric material, in particular a plastic is provided on the first contact side on a Vählerromeech and the vacuum interrupters are arranged on a second side, such that the carrier plate necessary for the on-load tap changer Erdabstand manufactures.
  • the at least one selector contact unit is moved during a switchover along a guide rod, which ensure a linear guidance of the at least one selector contact unit.
  • a selector contact unit in each case comprises a sliding carriage and a contact carrier for receiving the movable selector contacts, which interact with the fixed selector contacts.
  • the movable selector contacts are each accommodated on a contact carrier and cooperate with fixed selector contacts, such that the individual fixed selector contacts by a longitudinal displacement of the movable selector contacts including sliding, ie the selector contact unit, along the guide rod can be connected.
  • the individual fixed selector contacts are connected and thus go through the control range of the on-load tap-changer.
  • step transformer which is well known in the prior art, comprises a transformer tank filled with insulating oil, in which at least one winding is arranged on an iron yoke. This winding is divided into a master and a control winding, on which a plurality of winding taps are provided, which form the control area.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 has a transmission module 2 fastened to the underside of the transformer cover, which cooperates with a motor drive 3 arranged on the opposite outer side of the transformer cover.
  • the motor drive 3 can be formed for example as a commercial stepper motor.
  • the transmission module 2 comprises a flange-like sealing module 4, which is arranged directly on the underside of the transformer cover and releasably connected to the motor drive 3, in particular screwed, is. At the transmission module 2 so that the entire on-load tap-changer 1 is fixed.
  • the gear module 2 fulfills both the task of holding the on-load tap-changer 1, as well as hermetically sealing by means of the sealing module 4 with respect to the outside of the transformer. Twists of the transformer cover during transport of the transformer are not transmitted to the on-load tap-changer 1.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 provides vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6, two vacuum interrupters 6.1 and 6.2, or 6.3 and 6.4, and 6.5 and 6.6 each being associated with one phase of the on-load tap changer 1 and with a corresponding selector contact unit 7.1 ... 7.3 of the same phase.
  • the vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6 are known from the prior art switching means with a movable switching contact 8.1 ...
  • Each selector contact unit 7.1 ... 7.3 each comprises a plurality of connectable fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5, which are electrically connected to the winding taps of the control winding of the tapped transformer, a contact carrier 10.1 ... 10.3, each with two spring-mounted, movable selector contacts 11.1 and 2 respectively Vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6.
  • Each selector contact unit 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3 is connected to a separate phase, ie winding, of the tapped transformer.
  • the contact carrier 10.1 ... 10.3 of each phase is mechanically fixed to a slide 12.1 ... 12.3 and forms together with this a structural unit.
  • the slide 12.1 ... 12.3 is received on a guide rod 13.1 ... 13.3 and on a, to the guide rod 13.1 ... 13.3 arranged in parallel, threaded spindle 14, such that the individual fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5 by a longitudinal displacement the movable contacts 11.1 including slide 12.1 ... 12.3 along the threaded spindle 14 are connected.
  • middle positions in which the one movable selector contact, for example, the movable selector contact 11.1, the first fixed selector contact, for example, the fixed selector contact 9.1, and the other movable selector contact, for example movable selector contact, the second fixed selector contact adjacent to the first fixed selector contact, for example, the fixed selector contact 9.2, connected, as a stationary operating position of the on-load tap-changer 1 permissible.
  • the reactor switching principle in here fixed selector contacts shown 9.1 ... 9.5, while there are only 5 stationary operating positions in an on-load tap-changer 1 after theticianschnellschalt principle in which no center positions are allowed.
  • both the threaded spindle 14 is driven, which in turn is in mechanical operative connection with each of the selector contact units 7.1 ... 7.3, as well as a camshaft 25, by means of the switching means for uninterrupted switching, so the vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6, are operable.
  • the threaded spindle 14 is formed over its entire length as a threaded spindle 14 and is provided with a in each of the sliding 12.1 ... 12.3, but in the FIG. 1 and 2 not shown, spindle nut 16.1 ... 16.3 brought into engagement, such that upon rotation of the threaded spindle 14, each slide 12.1 ... 12.3 moves horizontally.
  • each movable switching contact 8.1 ... 8.6 is mechanically positively coupled with a lifting rod 26.1 ... 26.6, arranged with, on the the movable switching contacts 8.1 ... 8.6 opposite to the camshaft 25, Control cam 27.1 ... 27.6 cooperates, such that upon rotation of the camshaft 25, the control cam 27.1 ... 27.6 on the corresponding lifting rod 26.1 ... 26.6 initiates a vertical movement and thus ultimately the associated movable switching contact 8.1 ... 8.6 of corresponding vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6 actuated.
  • a rocker arm assembly could be provided which is driven by the camshaft 25.
  • more control cam 27.1 ... 27.6 per vacuum interrupter 6.1 ... 6.6 are provided on the circumference of the camshaft.
  • FIG. 3 shows the fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5, which are arranged on a contact strip 28.1 made of plastic.
  • the contact strip 28.1 ... 28.3 attached by means of two spacers 29.1 ... 29.2, which are used as a connection of an override choke or a transfer resistor, not shown.
  • Overload reactors are to be provided according to the reactor switching principle and switching resistors according to the resistance fast switching principle.
  • the contact strip 28.1 on its longitudinal side on a control cam on which both sides are arranged to vertically move the spring-mounted selector contacts 11.1 of the corresponding selector contact unit 7.1 at a longitudinal displacement of the corresponding slide 12.1 by means provided on the control cam cams, depending on the contour of the several cams.
  • the contour of the cams is dimensioned such that the movable selector contacts 11.1 of the selector contact unit 7.1 between two adjacent fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5 stand out from the currently connected fixed selector contact, here 9.1, after having completed switching the next fixed selector contact, here 9.2, reconnect. It is therefore a middle position of the movable selector contacts 11.1 on two adjacent fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5 permissible according to the reactor switching principle, while being indexed to the adjacent fixed selector contact after the lovedsschnellschaltzin. For defined contact, the contact pieces 11.1 are spherically formed on the actual contact surface.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention can thus be used both according to the reactor switching principle and according to the resistance rapid-switching principle.
  • 9 stationary operating positions are permitted at fixed contactors 9.1 ... 9.5 shown here according to the reactor switching principle, while only 5 stationary operating positions are permitted in a constructed according to the resistance principle switching principle on-load tap-changer 1.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously on distribution transformers for voltage regulation of local networks.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Laststufenschalter zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen verschiedenen Wicklungsanzapfungen eines Stufentransformators gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruches.The present invention relates to an on-load tap changer for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer according to the preamble of the first claim.

Laststufenschalter sind seit vielen Jahren zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen verschiedenen Wicklungsanzapfungen von Stufentransformatoren in großen Zahlen weltweit im Einsatz. Sogenannte Reaktorschalter, die besonders in Nord-Amerika verbreitet sind, besitzen eine Umschaltreaktanz, die eine langsame, kontinuierliche Umschaltung ermöglicht. Laststufenschalter nach dem Widerstandsschnellschalt-Prinzip bestehen üblicherweise aus einem Wähler zur leistungslosen Anwahl der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung des Stufentransformators, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll, und einem Lastumschalter zur eigentlichen Umschaltung von der bisherigen auf die neue, vorgewählte Wicklungsanzapfung. Der Lastumschalter weist dazu üblicherweise Schaltkontakte und Widerstandskontakte auf. Die Schaltkontakte dienen dabei zur direkten Verbindung der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung mit der Lastableitung, die Widerstandskontakte zur kurzzeitigen Beschaltung, d. h. Überbrückung mittels eines oder mehrerer Überschaltwiderstände. Die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre führten jedoch weg von Lastumschaltern mit mechanischen Schaltkontakten im Isolieröl. Stattdessen werden vermehrt Vakuumschaltzellen als Schaltelemente eingesetzt.On-load tap-changers have been in worldwide use for many years for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of tapped transformers in large numbers. So-called reactor switches, which are particularly common in North America, have a switching reactance, which allows a slow, continuous switching. On-load tap changers according to the resistance fast-switching principle usually consist of a selector for powerless selection of the respective winding tap of the tapped transformer to be switched to, and a diverter switch for the actual switching from the previous to the new, preselected winding tapping. The diverter switch usually has switching contacts and resistance contacts. The switch contacts are used for direct connection of the respective winding tap with the load dissipation, the resistor contacts for short-term wiring, d. H. Bridging by means of one or more switching resistors. The developments of recent years, however, led away from load switches with mechanical switching contacts in insulating oil. Instead, more and more vacuum switching cells are used as switching elements.

DE 10 2009 043 171 A1 beschreibt einen derartigen Laststufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren. Hier trägt ein Lastumschalter eine von einem Kraftspeicher antreibbare Antriebswelle mit mindestens einer Kurvenscheibe. Die Kurvenscheibe weist mehrere Steuerkurven auf, wobei zwei an der Kurvenscheibe stirnseitig angeordnete Steuerkurven eine von einer Kreisform abweichende Kontur nach Art von Nocken aufweisen, an der kontaktschlüssig jeweils eine über einen Kipphebel mit einer Vakuumschaltröhre verbundene Rolle geführt wird, die die profilierte Kontur der jeweiligen Steuerkurve abgreift. DE 10 2009 043 171 A1 describes such an on-load tap changer with vacuum interrupters. Here, a diverter switch carries a drivable by a power storage drive shaft with at least one cam. The cam has a plurality of control cams, wherein two arranged on the cam front control cams have a deviating from a circular contour contour on the type of cam on the contact one each connected via a rocker arm with a vacuum interrupter roller is performed, the profiled contour of the respective control cam taps.

Bei einer besonderen Gattung von Laststufenschaltern, den so genannten Lastwählern, sind die beschriebenen Mittel zur Anwahl einer neuen Wicklungsanzapfung und die Mittel zur eigentlichen Lastumschaltung baulich vereinigt und werden gemeinsam betätigt. Üblicherweise sind Stufenschalter nach dem Prinzip der Widerstandsschnellschaltung zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung von einer Anzapfung eines Stufentransformators zu einer anderen so aufgebaut, dass die jeweils mit den Ausleitungen der Stufenwicklungen elektrisch in Verbindung stehenden festen Stufenkontakte in einer oder mehreren horizontalen Ebene bzw. Ebenen kreisförmig an einem Isolierstoffgerüst oder -zylinder angeordnet sind und durch von konzentrischen Antriebswellen betätigte drehbare Kontaktbrücken beschaltbar sind. Bei Lastwählern, bei denen die Stufenwahl und die eigentliche Lastumschaltung kombiniert sind, erfolgt die Betätigung der Kontaktbrücken dabei sprungartig nach Auslösung eines von der Antriebswelle des Schalters aufgezogenen Energiespeichers, meist Federkraftspeichers.In a special type of on-load tap-changers, the so-called load selectors, the described means for selecting a new winding tapping and the means for actual load switching are structurally combined and operated together. Usually, tap changer are constructed according to the principle of resistance fast circuit for uninterrupted switching from a tap of a tapped transformer to another so that each with the outputs of the stepped windings electrically connected fixed step contacts in one or more horizontal plane or planes are arranged in a circle on an insulating material stand or cylinder and can be connected by actuated by concentric drive shafts rotatable contact bridges. In load selectors, in which the step selection and the actual load switching are combined, the actuation of the contact bridges takes place abruptly after triggering a wound up by the drive shaft of the switch energy storage, usually spring energy storage.

DE 42 37 165 C1 bildet die Basis für den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und beschreibt, abweichend von diesen üblichen Konstruktionen, einen Stufenschalter mit linearer Kontaktbetätigung, wobei die festen Stufenkontakte längs einer Bahn sich in das Innere des Schalters erstrecken und von einem verschiebbaren Schaltmechanismus beschaltbar sind, der wiederum von der Antriebswelle angetrieben wird. Der vertikal verschiebbare Schaltmechanismus besteht dabei aus einem kontinuierlich von der Antriebswelle antreibbaren Aufzugsschlitten, der den neuen festen Stufenkontakt vorwählt, und einem durch den Aufzugsschlitten mittels eines Energiespeichers aufziehbarem Abtriebsteil, das nach Auslösung sprungartig dem Aufzugsschlitten nachläuft und dabei die eigentliche Lastumschaltung von der bisherigen Anzapfung der Stufenwicklung auf die vorgewählte neue Anzapfung vollzieht. Die dazu erforderlichen Schaltelemente sind Bestandteil des Abtriebsteiles. DE 42 37 165 C1 forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1 and, unlike these conventional constructions, describes a tap changer with linear contact actuation, wherein the fixed step contacts extend along a track into the interior of the switch and are connectable by a displaceable switching mechanism, in turn, of the Drive shaft is driven. The vertically displaceable switching mechanism consists of a continuously driven by the drive shaft elevator carriage, which selects the new fixed stage contact, and a windable by the elevator carriage by means of an energy storage driven part, which jumps after triggering the elevator carriage and thereby the actual load switching of the previous tap Step winding on the selected new tap completes. The required switching elements are part of the stripping section.

DE 198 47 745 C1 beschreibt einen Laststufenschalter mit linear angeordneten Wählerkontakten. Oberhalb der Wählerkontakte, also örtlich getrennt, befinden sich die den jeweiligen Wählerkontakten einer jeden Phase zugeordneten feststehenden Vakuumschaltröhren zur eigentlichen, sprungartigen Lastumschaltung. Zur Betätigung dieses Laststufenschalters ist ein Federenergiespeicher notwendig, der während seiner Aufzugsbewegung die Wählerkontakte betätigt, als auch die Vakuumschaltelemente durch seine sprungartige Abtriebsbewegung antreibt. DE 198 47 745 C1 describes an on-load tap-changer with linearly arranged selector contacts. Above the selector contacts, so separated locally, are the respective voter contacts assigned to each phase fixed vacuum interrupters for the actual, sudden load switching. To operate this on-load tap changer, a spring energy store is necessary, which actuates the selector contacts during its elevator movement, and also drives the vacuum switching elements by its sudden output movement.

Unabhängig vom konstruktiven Aufbau des Laststufenschalters, also mit rotierendem oder linear bewegbarem Kontaktsystem, bedarf es bei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Laststufenschaltern eines Federenergiespeichers zum sprungartigen Umschalten mittels des Kontaktsystems. Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Kraftspeicher werden zu Beginn jeder Betätigung des Laststufenschalters von einer Antriebswelle aufgezogen, d. h. gespannt. Die bekannten Kraftspeicher bestehen im Wesentlichen aus einem Aufzugsschlitten und einem Sprungschlitten, zwischen denen Kraftspeicherfedern als Energiespeicher angeordnet sind. DE 198 55 860 C1 sowie DE 28 06 282 B1 beschreiben derartige Kraftspeicher.Regardless of the structural design of the on-load tap-changer, that is to say with a rotating or linearly movable contact system, in the case of prior-art on-load tap-changers of a spring energy store, sudden switching by means of the contact system is required. From the prior art known energy storage are mounted at the beginning of each actuation of the on-load tap-changer by a drive shaft, that is stretched. The known energy storage consist essentially of a lift carriage and a jump carriage, between which power storage springs are arranged as energy storage. DE 198 55 860 C1 such as DE 28 06 282 B1 describe Such energy storage.

Es wird eine anfängliche langsame Drehbewegung der Antriebswelle genutzt, um einen Aufzugsschlitten translatorisch aufzuziehen, um nachfolgend die wiederum translatorische Bewegung des Sprungschlittens in eine rotatorische Hauptbewegung der Abtriebswelle und in eine damit verbundene eigentliche Kontaktbetätigung zu überführen. Diese aufwändige Wandlung einer Drehbewegung in eine translatorische Bewegung und wieder zurück in eine Drehbewegung erfordert einen hohen Platzbedarf der Kraftspeicherkonstruktion innerhalb des Laststufenschalters und zudem eine Vielzahl komplexer einzelner Baugruppen.It is used an initial slow rotational movement of the drive shaft to translate a lift carriage to subsequently convert the turn translational movement of the jump carriage in a rotational main motion of the output shaft and in an associated actual contact actuation. This complex conversion of a rotary movement into a translatory movement and back into a rotary motion requires a large space requirement of the force storage structure within the on-load tap-changer and also a large number of complex individual assemblies.

WO 2004 088 693 A1 beschreibt einen Stufenschalter, der als Antrieb einen Torque-Motor umfasst, der sowohl den Lastumschalter als auch den Feinwähler direkt betätigt. WO 2004 088 693 A1 describes a tap changer, which includes as a drive a torque motor that operates both the diverter switch and the fine selector directly.

Vor diesem Hintergrund schlägt die Erfindung die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche vor. Die Unteransprüche betreffen dabei besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.Against this background, the invention proposes the subject matters of the independent claims. The subclaims relate to particularly advantageous developments of the invention.

Die allgemeine erfinderische Idee besteht darin, sowohl die Wählerkontakteinheit, als auch die Schaltmittel zur unterbrechungslosen Lastumschaltung mittels eines gemeinsamen Motorantriebes ohne Zwischenschaltung eines Energiespeichers zu betätigen.The general inventive idea is to operate both the selector contact unit, as well as the switching means for uninterrupted load switching by means of a common motor drive without the interposition of an energy storage.

Nach der Erfindung wird von dem Motorantrieb sowohl eine Gewindespindel angetrieben, die ihrerseits mit der Wählerkontakteinheit in Wirkverbindung steht, als auch eine Nockenwelle, mittels der die Vakuumschaltröhren betätigbar sind. Dies ermöglicht auf besonders vorteilhafte Weise eine einfache Betätigung der Wählerkontakteinheit unabhängig von den Vakuumschaltröhren.According to the invention, the motor drive both a threaded spindle is driven, which in turn is in operative connection with the selector contact unit, as well as a camshaft, by means of which the vacuum interrupters are actuated. This allows in a particularly advantageous manner, a simple operation of the selector contact unit independently of the vacuum interrupters.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der Laststufenschalter ein an der Unterseite des Transformatordeckels befestigtes Getriebemodul auf, das mit dem an der gegenüberliegenden Außenseite des Transformatordeckels angeordneten Motorantrieb zusammenwirkt. Das Getriebemodul weist hierfür ein flanschartiges Dichtmodul auf, das direkt an der Unterseite des Transformatordeckels angeordnet ist und mit dem Motorantrieb lösbar verbunden, insbesondere verschraubt, ist. An dem Getriebemodul ist zudem der gesamte Laststufenschalter befestigt. Damit hat das Getriebemodul sowohl die Aufgabe, den Laststufenschalter zu halten, als auch mittels des Dichtmoduls gegenüber der Außenseite des Transformators abzudichten. Verwindungen des Transformatordeckels beim Transport des Trafos werden somit nicht an den Laststufenschalter übertragen. Zudem kann damit ein Anschlussflansch mit überfräster Dichtfläche am Transformatordeckel entfallen. Darüber hinaus bietet diese Art der vorgeschlagenen Befestigung eine für den Transformatorbauer einfache Montage des Laststufenschalters innerhalb des Transformatorkessels.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the on-load tap-changer has a transmission module attached to the underside of the transformer cover, which cooperates with the motor drive arranged on the opposite outer side of the transformer cover. The gear module has for this purpose a flange-like sealing module, which is arranged directly on the underside of the transformer cover and releasably connected to the motor drive, in particular screwed, is. On the transmission module, the entire on-load tap-changer is also attached. Thus, the gear module has both the task of holding the on-load tap-changer, as well as seal by means of the sealing module with respect to the outside of the transformer. Twists of the transformer cover during transport of the transformer are thus not transmitted to the on-load tap-changer. In addition, a connection flange with overfilled sealing surface on the transformer cover can be dispensed with. In addition, this type of proposed attachment provides a simple for the transformer manufacturer mounting the on-load tap-changer within the transformer tank.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist eine Trägerplatte aus einem dielektrischen Material, insbesondere einem Kunststoff, vorgesehen, an der auf einer ersten Seite die Wählerkontakteinheit und an einer zweiten Seite die Vakuumschaltröhren angeordnet sind, derart, dass die Trägerplatte den für den Laststufenschalter notwendigen Erdabstand herstellt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a support plate made of a dielectric material, in particular a plastic, is provided on the first contact side on a Vählerkontakteinheit and the vacuum interrupters are arranged on a second side, such that the carrier plate necessary for the on-load tap changer Erdabstand manufactures.

Nach einer nochmals weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die mindestens eine Wählerkontakteinheit während einer Umschaltung entlang einer Führungsstange bewegt, die eine Linearführung der mindestens einen Wählerkontakteinheit sicherstellen. Eine Wählerkontakteinheit umfasst dabei jeweils einen Gleitschlitten sowie einen Kontaktträger zur Aufnahme der beweglichen Wählerkontakte, die mit den festen Wählerkontakten zusammenwirken.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the at least one selector contact unit is moved during a switchover along a guide rod, which ensure a linear guidance of the at least one selector contact unit. A selector contact unit in each case comprises a sliding carriage and a contact carrier for receiving the movable selector contacts, which interact with the fixed selector contacts.

Nach einer wiederum weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die beweglichen Wählerkontakte jeweils an einem Kontaktträger aufgenommen und wirken mit festen Wählerkontakten zusammen, derart, dass die einzelnen festen Wählerkontakte durch eine Längsverschiebung der beweglichen Wählerkontakte samt Gleitschlitten, also der Wählerkontakteinheit, entlang der Führungsstange beschaltbar sind. Durch die Hin- und/oder Herbewegung der Wählerkontakteinheit werden die einzelnen festen Wählerkontakte beschaltet und damit der Regelbereich des Laststufenschalters durchlaufen.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the movable selector contacts are each accommodated on a contact carrier and cooperate with fixed selector contacts, such that the individual fixed selector contacts by a longitudinal displacement of the movable selector contacts including sliding, ie the selector contact unit, along the guide rod can be connected. By the back and forth movement of the selector contact unit, the individual fixed selector contacts are connected and thus go through the control range of the on-load tap-changer.

Nachfolgend sind die Erfindung und ihre Vorteile unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen ausführlicher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

FIG. 1
eine erste seitliche Perspektivansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters;
FIG. 2
eine zweite seitliche Perspektivansicht nach der Ausführungsform nach FIG. 1;
FIG. 3
eine Detailansicht der Wählerkontakteinheit eines erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalters.
In the following, the invention and its advantages will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a first side perspective view of an embodiment of an on-load tap changer according to the invention;
FIG. 2
a second side perspective view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 3
a detailed view of the selector contact unit of an on-load tap changer according to the invention.

In den FIG. 1 und 2 ist ein erfindungsgemäßer Laststufenschalter 1 in zwei unterschiedlichen Perspektivansichten gezeigt, der direkt unterhalb eines nicht gezeigten Transformatordeckels eines ebenfalls nicht näher dargestellten Stufentransformators angeordnet ist. Eine genauere Beschreibung der Bauteile des Laststufenschalters 1 und deren Funktion ist der unten stehenden Beschreibung der Figuren entnehmbar. Ein derartiger Stufentransformator, der aus dem Stand der Technik hinreichend bekannt ist, umfasst einen mit Isolieröl befüllten Transformatorkessel, in dem an einem Eisenjoch wenigstens eine Wicklung angeordnet ist. Diese Wicklung unterteilt sich in eine Stamm- und eine Regelwicklung, an der mehrere Wicklungsanzapfungen vorgesehen sind, die den Regelbereich bilden. Zudem weist der Laststufenschalter 1 ein an der Unterseite des Transformatordeckels befestigtes Getriebemodul 2 auf, das mit einem an der gegenüberliegenden Außenseite des Transformatordeckels angeordneten Motorantrieb 3 zusammenwirkt. Der Motorantrieb 3 kann dabei beispielsweise als handelsüblicher Schrittmotor ausgebildet sein. Das Getriebemodul 2 umfasst ein flanschartiges Dichtmodul 4, das direkt an der Unterseite des Transformatordeckels angeordnet ist und mit dem Motorantrieb 3 lösbar verbunden, insbesondere verschraubt, ist. An dem Getriebemodul 2 ist damit der gesamte Laststufenschalter 1 gefestigt. Das Getriebemodul 2 erfüllt sowohl die Aufgabe, den Laststufenschalter 1 zu halten, als auch mittels des Dichtmoduls 4 gegenüber der Außenseite des Transformators hermetisch abzudichten. Verwindungen des Transformatordeckels beim Transport des Transformators werden dadurch nicht an den Laststufenschalter 1 übertragen.In the FIG. 1 and 2 an inventive on-load tap-changer 1 is shown in two different perspective views, directly below a transformer cover, not shown a step transformer also not shown is arranged. A more detailed description of the components of the on-load tap-changer 1 and its function can be taken from the description of the figures below. Such a step transformer, which is well known in the prior art, comprises a transformer tank filled with insulating oil, in which at least one winding is arranged on an iron yoke. This winding is divided into a master and a control winding, on which a plurality of winding taps are provided, which form the control area. In addition, the on-load tap-changer 1 has a transmission module 2 fastened to the underside of the transformer cover, which cooperates with a motor drive 3 arranged on the opposite outer side of the transformer cover. The motor drive 3 can be formed for example as a commercial stepper motor. The transmission module 2 comprises a flange-like sealing module 4, which is arranged directly on the underside of the transformer cover and releasably connected to the motor drive 3, in particular screwed, is. At the transmission module 2 so that the entire on-load tap-changer 1 is fixed. The gear module 2 fulfills both the task of holding the on-load tap-changer 1, as well as hermetically sealing by means of the sealing module 4 with respect to the outside of the transformer. Twists of the transformer cover during transport of the transformer are not transmitted to the on-load tap-changer 1.

Mit dem Getriebemodul 2 mechanisch verbunden ist eine Trägerplatte 5 aus dielektrischem Material, an der die einzelnen Baugruppen des Laststufenschalter 1 befestigbar sind. Die Trägerplatte 5 ist dabei aus elektrisch isolierendem Material gefertigt und dazu ausgebildet, alle wesentlichen Bauteile des Laststufenschalters 1 aufzunehmen. Als Schaltmittel zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung sieht der erfindungsgemäße Laststufenschalter 1 Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 ... 6.6 vor, wobei jeweils zwei Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 und 6.2, bzw. 6.3 und 6.4, bzw. 6.5 und 6.6 jeweils einer Phase des Laststufenschalters 1 zugeordnet sind und mit einer entsprechenden Wählerkontakteinheit 7.1 ... 7.3 der selben Phase zusammenwirken. Bei den Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 ... 6.6 handelt es sich um aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Schaltmittel mit einem beweglichen Schaltkontakt 8.1 ... 8.6 sowie einem nicht näher dargestellten Festkontakt. Jede Wählerkontakteinheit 7.1 ... 7.3 umfasst jeweils mehrere beschaltbare feste Wählerkontakte 9.1 ... 9.5, die elektrisch mit den Wicklungsanzapfungen der Regelwicklung des Stufentransformators verbunden sind, einen Kontaktträger 10.1 ... 10.3 mit jeweils zwei federnd gelagerten, beweglichen Wählerkontakten 11.1 sowie jeweils 2 Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 ... 6.6.Mechanically connected to the transmission module 2 is a carrier plate 5 of dielectric material to which the individual components of the on-load tap-changer 1 can be fastened. The support plate 5 is made of electrically insulating material and adapted to receive all the essential components of the on-load tap-changer 1. As switching means for uninterrupted switching, the on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention provides vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6, two vacuum interrupters 6.1 and 6.2, or 6.3 and 6.4, and 6.5 and 6.6 each being associated with one phase of the on-load tap changer 1 and with a corresponding selector contact unit 7.1 ... 7.3 of the same phase. The vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6 are known from the prior art switching means with a movable switching contact 8.1 ... 8.6 and a fixed contact, not shown. Each selector contact unit 7.1 ... 7.3 each comprises a plurality of connectable fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5, which are electrically connected to the winding taps of the control winding of the tapped transformer, a contact carrier 10.1 ... 10.3, each with two spring-mounted, movable selector contacts 11.1 and 2 respectively Vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6.

In der Abbildung der FIG. 1 sind beispielhaft drei Wählerkontakteinheiten 7.1, 7.2 und 7.3 gezeigt; jede Wählerkontakteinheit 7.1, 7.2 und 7.3 ist dabei mit einer separaten Phase, also Wicklung, des Stufentransformators verbunden. Der Kontaktträger 10.1 ... 10.3 einer jeden Phase ist dabei an einem Gleitschlitten 12.1 ... 12.3 mechanisch fixiert und bildet zusammen mit diesem eine bauliche Einheit. Aufgenommen wird der Gleitschlitten 12.1 ... 12.3 an einer Führungsstange 13.1 ... 13.3 sowie an einer, zu der Führungsstange 13.1 ... 13.3 parallel angeordneten, Gewindespindel 14, derart, dass die einzelnen festen Wählerkontakte 9.1 ... 9.5 durch eine Längsverschiebung der beweglichen Kontakte 11.1 samt Gleitschlitten 12.1 ... 12.3 entlang der Gewindespindel 14 beschaltbar sind. Abhängig vom Umschaltprinzip, also nach dem Reaktor- oder Widerstandsschnellschalt-Prinzip, sind dabei Mittelstellungen, in denen der eine bewegliche Wählerkontakt, beispielsweise der bewegliche Wählerkontakt 11.1, den ersten festen Wählerkontakt, beispielweise den festen Wählerkontakt 9.1, und der andere bewegliche Wählerkontakt, beispielsweise der bewegliche Wählerkontakt, den zum ersten festen Wählerkontakt benachbarten zweiten festen Wählerkontakt, beispielsweise den festen Wählerkontakt 9.2, beschaltet, als stationäre Betriebsstellung des Laststufenschalters 1 zulässig. Damit sind nach dem Reaktorschaltprinzip bei hier 5 dargestellten festen Wählerkontakten 9.1 ... 9.5 neun stationäre Betriebsstellungen möglich, während es bei einem Laststufenschalter 1 nach dem Widerstandschnellschalt-Prinzip, bei dem keine Mittelstellungen zulässig sind, nur 5 stationäre Betriebsstellungen gibt.In the picture of the FIG. 1 are exemplary three Vählerkontakteinheiten 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3 shown; Each selector contact unit 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3 is connected to a separate phase, ie winding, of the tapped transformer. The contact carrier 10.1 ... 10.3 of each phase is mechanically fixed to a slide 12.1 ... 12.3 and forms together with this a structural unit. The slide 12.1 ... 12.3 is received on a guide rod 13.1 ... 13.3 and on a, to the guide rod 13.1 ... 13.3 arranged in parallel, threaded spindle 14, such that the individual fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5 by a longitudinal displacement the movable contacts 11.1 including slide 12.1 ... 12.3 along the threaded spindle 14 are connected. Depending on the switching principle, ie after the reactor or resistance fast switching principle, are middle positions in which the one movable selector contact, for example, the movable selector contact 11.1, the first fixed selector contact, for example, the fixed selector contact 9.1, and the other movable selector contact, for example movable selector contact, the second fixed selector contact adjacent to the first fixed selector contact, for example, the fixed selector contact 9.2, connected, as a stationary operating position of the on-load tap-changer 1 permissible. Thus, nine steady state operating positions are possible according to the reactor switching principle in here fixed selector contacts shown 9.1 ... 9.5, while there are only 5 stationary operating positions in an on-load tap-changer 1 after the Widerstandschnellschalt principle in which no center positions are allowed.

Von dem Motorantrieb 3 wird sowohl die Gewindespindel 14 angetrieben, die ihrerseits mit jeder der Wählerkontakteinheiten 7.1 ... 7.3 in mechanischer Wirkverbindung steht, als auch eine Nockenwelle 25, mittels der die Schaltmittel zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung, also die Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 ... 6.6, betätigbar sind. Die Gewindespindel 14 ist über deren gesamte Länge als Gewindespindel 14 ausgebildet und wird mit einer in jedem der Gleitschlitten 12.1 ... 12.3 vorgesehenen, jedoch in den FIG. 1 und 2 nicht gezeigten, Spindelmutter 16.1 ... 16.3 in Eingriff gebracht, derart, dass bei einer Drehung der Gewindespindel 14 ein jeder Gleitschlitten 12.1 ... 12.3 horizontal verfährt. Zur Betätigung der Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 ... 6.6 ist jeder bewegliche Schaltkontakt 8.1 ... 8.6 mit einer Hubstange 26.1 ... 26.6 mechanisch zwangsgekoppelt, die mit, auf der den beweglichen Schaltkontakten 8.1 ... 8.6 gegenüberliegend, an der Nockenwelle 25 angeordneten, Steuernocken 27.1 ... 27.6 zusammenwirkt, derart, dass bei einer Drehung der Nockenwelle 25 die Steuernocken 27.1 ... 27.6 auf die korrespondierende Hubstange 26.1 ... 26.6 eine Vertikalbewegung einleitet und damit letzten Endes den dazugehörigen beweglichen Schaltkontakt 8.1 ... 8.6 der entsprechenden Vakuumschaltröhren 6.1 ... 6.6 betätigt. Als technische Alternative zu der Betätigung der Vakuumschaltröhren mittels der Hubstange, könnte auch eine Kipphebelanordnung vorgesehen sein, die von der Nockenwelle 25 antreibbar ist. Abhängig von der dem Laststufenschalter 1 zu Grunde liegenden Schaltsequenz sind dabei am Umfang der Nockenwelle 25 mehrere Steuernocken 27.1 ... 27.6 je Vakuumschaltröhre 6.1 ... 6.6 vorgesehen.Of the motor drive 3, both the threaded spindle 14 is driven, which in turn is in mechanical operative connection with each of the selector contact units 7.1 ... 7.3, as well as a camshaft 25, by means of the switching means for uninterrupted switching, so the vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6, are operable. The threaded spindle 14 is formed over its entire length as a threaded spindle 14 and is provided with a in each of the sliding 12.1 ... 12.3, but in the FIG. 1 and 2 not shown, spindle nut 16.1 ... 16.3 brought into engagement, such that upon rotation of the threaded spindle 14, each slide 12.1 ... 12.3 moves horizontally. For the actuation of the vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6, each movable switching contact 8.1 ... 8.6 is mechanically positively coupled with a lifting rod 26.1 ... 26.6, arranged with, on the the movable switching contacts 8.1 ... 8.6 opposite to the camshaft 25, Control cam 27.1 ... 27.6 cooperates, such that upon rotation of the camshaft 25, the control cam 27.1 ... 27.6 on the corresponding lifting rod 26.1 ... 26.6 initiates a vertical movement and thus ultimately the associated movable switching contact 8.1 ... 8.6 of corresponding vacuum interrupters 6.1 ... 6.6 actuated. As a technical alternative to the operation of the vacuum interrupters by means of Lifting rod, a rocker arm assembly could be provided which is driven by the camshaft 25. Depending on the on-load tap-changer 1 underlying switching sequence 25 more control cam 27.1 ... 27.6 per vacuum interrupter 6.1 ... 6.6 are provided on the circumference of the camshaft.

Die FIG. 3 zeigt die festen Wählerkontakte 9.1 ... 9.5, die an einer Kontaktleiste 28.1 aus Kunststoff angeordnet. An der Trägerplatte 5 ist die Kontaktleiste 28.1 ... 28.3 mittels jeweils zwei Abstandhaltern 29.1 ... 29.2 befestigt, die als Anschluss einer nicht dargestellten Überschaltdrossel bzw. eines Überschaltwiderstandes genutzt werden. Überschaltdrosseln sind nach dem Reaktorschaltprinzip und Überschaltwiderstände nach dem Widerstandschnellschaltprinzip vorzusehen. Zudem weist die Kontaktleiste 28.1 an ihrer Längsseite eine Steuerkulisse auf, an der beidseitig mehrere Nocken angeordnet sind, um die federnd gelagerten Wählerkontakte 11.1 der entsprechenden Wählerkontakteinheit 7.1 bei einer Längsverschiebung des korrespondieren Gleitschlittens 12.1 mittels der an der Steuerkulisse vorgesehenen Nocken vertikal zu bewegen, abhängig von der Kontur der mehreren Nocken. Die Kontur der Nocken ist dabei so bemessen, dass die beweglichen Wählerkontakte 11.1 der Wählerkontakteinheit 7.1 zwischen zwei benachbarten festen Wählerkontakten 9.1 ... 9.5 von dem aktuell beschalteten festen Wählerkontakt, hier 9.1, abheben, nachdem sie nach vollzogener Umschaltung den nächsten festen Wählerkontakt, hier 9.2, wieder beschalten. Es ist also eine Mittelstellung der beweglichen Wählerkontakte 11.1 auf zwei benachbarten festen Wählerkontakten 9.1 ... 9.5 nach dem Reaktorschaltprinzip zulässig, während nach dem Widerstandsschnellschaltprinzip auf den benachbarten festen Wählerkontakt weitergeschaltet wird. Zur definierten Kontaktgabe sind die Kontaktstücke 11.1 an der eigentlichen Kontaktfläche ballig ausgebildet.The FIG. 3 shows the fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5, which are arranged on a contact strip 28.1 made of plastic. On the support plate 5, the contact strip 28.1 ... 28.3 attached by means of two spacers 29.1 ... 29.2, which are used as a connection of an override choke or a transfer resistor, not shown. Overload reactors are to be provided according to the reactor switching principle and switching resistors according to the resistance fast switching principle. In addition, the contact strip 28.1 on its longitudinal side on a control cam on which both sides are arranged to vertically move the spring-mounted selector contacts 11.1 of the corresponding selector contact unit 7.1 at a longitudinal displacement of the corresponding slide 12.1 by means provided on the control cam cams, depending on the contour of the several cams. The contour of the cams is dimensioned such that the movable selector contacts 11.1 of the selector contact unit 7.1 between two adjacent fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5 stand out from the currently connected fixed selector contact, here 9.1, after having completed switching the next fixed selector contact, here 9.2, reconnect. It is therefore a middle position of the movable selector contacts 11.1 on two adjacent fixed selector contacts 9.1 ... 9.5 permissible according to the reactor switching principle, while being indexed to the adjacent fixed selector contact after the Widerstandsschnellschaltprinzip. For defined contact, the contact pieces 11.1 are spherically formed on the actual contact surface.

Zusammenfassend lässt sich feststellen, dass der erfindungsgemäße Laststufenschalter 1 damit sowohl nach dem Reaktorschaltprinzip, als auch nach dem Widerstandsschnellschaltprinzip einsetzbar ist. Abhängig vom zu Grunde liegenden Umschaltprinzip sind bei hier 5 dargestellten festen Wählerkontakten 9.1 ... 9.5 nach dem Reaktorschaltprinzip 9 stationäre Betriebsstellungen zulässig, während bei einem nach dem Widerstandsschnellschaltprinzip aufgebauten erfindungsgemäßen Laststufenschalter 1 lediglich 5 stationäre Betriebsstellungen zulässig sind.In summary, it can be stated that the on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention can thus be used both according to the reactor switching principle and according to the resistance rapid-switching principle. Depending on the underlying switching principle 9 stationary operating positions are permitted at fixed contactors 9.1 ... 9.5 shown here according to the reactor switching principle, while only 5 stationary operating positions are permitted in a constructed according to the resistance principle switching principle on-load tap-changer 1.

Der erfindungsgemäße Laststufenschalter 1 kann besonders vorteilhaft an Verteiltransformatoren zur Spannungsregelung von Ortsnetzen verwendet werden.The on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously on distribution transformers for voltage regulation of local networks.

BEZUGSZEICHENREFERENCE NUMBERS

11
LaststufenschalterOLTC
22
Getriebemodultransmission module
33
Motorantriebmotor drive
44
Dichtmodulsealing module
55
Trägerplattesupport plate
6.1 ... 6.66.1 ... 6.6
VakuumschaltröhreVacuum interrupter
7.1 ... 7.37.1 ... 7.3
WählerkontakteinheitVoter contact unit
8.1 ... 8.68.1 ... 8.6
bewegliche Schaltkontaktemovable switching contacts
9.1 ... 9.59.1 ... 9.5
feste Wählerkontaktefixed voter contacts
10.1 ... 10.310.1 ... 10.3
Kontaktträgercontact support
11.111.1
bewegliche Wählerkontaktemobile selector contacts
12.1 ... 12.312.1 ... 12.3
GleitschlittenSliding carriage
13.1, 13.213.1, 13.2
Führungsstangenguide rods
1414
Gewindespindelscrew
16.1 ... 16.316.1 ... 16.3
Spindelmutterspindle nut
2525
Nockenwellecamshaft
26.1 ... 26.626.1 ... 26.6
Hubstangelifting rod
27.1 ... 27.627.1 ... 27.6
Steuernockencontrol cam
28.1 ... 28.328.1 ... 28.3
Kontaktleistecontact strip
29.1 ... 29.329.1 ... 29.3
Abstandshalterspacer

Claims (13)

  1. On-load tap changer (1) for uninterrupted switching over between different winding taps of a tapped transformer, wherein
    - at least one selector contact unit (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) with a plurality of fixed selector contacts (9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5), which are respectively electrically connected with the individual winding taps, is arranged along a line;
    - the fixed selector contacts (9.1 . 9.5) are actuated by two longitudinally displaceable movable selector contacts (11.1);
    - for the uninterrupted switching over two vacuum interrupters (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6) are provided for each phase;
    - a motor drive (3) for introducing a drive movement into the on-load tap changer (1) is provided;
    characterised in that
    - the selector contact units (7.1 ... 7.3) and the vacuum interrupters (6.1 ... 6.6) are so directly actuated by means of the common motor drive (3) that introduction of the drive movement of the motor drive (3) into the selector contact units (7.1.... 7.3) and the vacuum interrupters (6.1 ... 6.6) takes place without interposition of a mechanical energy store;
    - the motor drive (4) drives both a threaded spindle (14), which in turn is operatively connected with the selector contact units (7.1 ... 7.3), and a camshaft (25), by way of which the vacuum interrupters (6.1 ... 6.6) are actuated in such a manner that both the movable selector contacts (11.1) and the vacuum interrupters (6.1 ... 6.6) are actuated.
  2. On-load tap changer (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein
    - the entire on-load tap changer(1) is arranged by means of a transmission module (2) at the underside of a transformer cover.
  3. On-load tap changer (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - the transmission module (2) comprises a flange-like sealing module (4).
  4. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1, wherein
    - a support plate (5) of a dielectric material, at the first side of which the selector contact units (7.1 ... 7.3) and at the second side of which the vacuum interrupters (6.1 ... 6.6) are arranged, is provided.
  5. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - each selector contact unit (7.1 ... 7.3) comprises a slide carriage (12.1 ... 12.3), a contact carrier (10.1 .. 10.3) and movable selector contacts (11.1), which co-operate with at least one fixed selector contact (9.1 ... 9.5).
  6. On-load tap changer (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein
    - each slide carriage (12.1 ... 12.3) is received by a guide rod (13.1 ... 13.3) and the threaded spindle (14).
  7. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - the movable selector contacts (11.1) are received in a respective contact carrier (10.1 ... 10.3) and co-operate with fixed selector contacts (9.1 ... 9.5) arranged at a contact strip (28.1 ... 28.3).
  8. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and claim 6, wherein
    - each selector contact unit (7.1 ... 7.3) is arranged to be so displaceable along the respective guide rod (13.1 ... 13.3) and the threaded spindle (14) by means of the respective slide carriage (12.1 ... 12.3) that it is thereby possible to run through the regulating range of the on-load tap changer (1).
  9. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - the movable selector contacts (11.1) of a phase in each stationary operational setting connect at least one fixed selector contact (9.1 ... 9.5) of the same phase of the on-load tap changer (1).
  10. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - two respective movable selector contacts (11.1) are received in a contact carrier (10.1 ... 10.3) to be resiliently mounted.
  11. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and claim 4, wherein
    - the fixed selector contacts (9.1 ... 9.5) are arranged at a contact strip (28.1 ... 28.3), which contact strips are in turn fastened to the carrier plate (5) by means of respective spacers (29.1 ... 29.3).
  12. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - each vacuum (6.1 ... 6.6) comprises a movable switch contact (8.1 ... 8.6), which is so operatively connected by way of an associated stroke rod (26.1 ... 26.6) with an associated cam lobe (27.1 ... 27.6) provided at the camshaft (25) that the respective vacuum interrupter (6.1 ... 6.6) is connectible when rotation of the camshaft (25) takes place.
  13. On-load tap changer (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for use in voltage regulation of a distributing transformer.
EP13714885.4A 2012-04-20 2013-03-25 On-load tap changer Active EP2839495B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202012101475U DE202012101475U1 (en) 2012-04-20 2012-04-20 OLTC
PCT/EP2013/056279 WO2013156268A1 (en) 2012-04-20 2013-03-25 On-load tap changer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2839495A1 EP2839495A1 (en) 2015-02-25
EP2839495B1 true EP2839495B1 (en) 2016-10-19

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ID=48050682

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13714885.4A Active EP2839495B1 (en) 2012-04-20 2013-03-25 On-load tap changer

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US20150034462A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2839495B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2015515139A (en)
KR (1) KR102010939B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104246947B (en)
DE (1) DE202012101475U1 (en)
HK (1) HK1202977A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2014146582A (en)
WO (1) WO2013156268A1 (en)

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CN104810168B (en) * 2015-03-10 2017-04-26 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 Reactance type vacuum bar-shaped on-load tap switch
EP3086343B1 (en) 2015-04-21 2018-11-14 Ormazabal Corporate Technology, A.I.E. On-load tap changer device
DE102016104500B3 (en) * 2016-03-11 2017-05-04 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh OLTC
CN106653426B (en) * 2017-01-12 2018-08-17 济南爱迪电气设备有限公司 A kind of special on-load voltage regulating switch of distribution transformer
CN106876206A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-06-20 宁波安德奥电力设备有限公司 Dual output straight line is from slide switch
CN108695083B (en) * 2017-04-07 2021-03-05 王守国 Miniaturized intelligent on-load voltage regulation switch
CN106981382B (en) * 2017-06-08 2019-05-07 山东民生电气设备有限公司 A kind of low voltage tap changer
CN109427494A (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-03-05 济南爱迪电气设备有限公司 A kind of dedicated on-load voltage regulating switch of distribution transformer
CN108511223B (en) * 2018-05-26 2024-04-02 辽宁金立电力电器有限公司 Horizontal on-load capacity-regulating voltage-regulating tapping switch
ES1216144Y (en) 2018-06-04 2018-10-24 Ormazabal Corporate Tech A I E SYSTEM OF CONTACTS FOR CHANGING DEVICE OF ELECTRICAL IN CHARGES
CN110349777A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-10-18 浙江雷纽电气科技有限公司 A kind of load ratio bridging switch capacity and pressure regulating device and load ratio bridging switch
CN113745014B (en) * 2021-07-27 2022-10-04 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 On-load tap-changer's reciprocating type switching mechanism
ES2936183B2 (en) 2021-09-14 2023-12-27 Univ Sevilla STATIC AC CURRENT SWITCH WITH EXTENDED CURRENT RANGE
KR102547475B1 (en) * 2022-09-30 2023-06-28 부흥시스템(주) Tap selector with arc enticed contact

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150034462A1 (en) 2015-02-05
KR102010939B1 (en) 2019-08-14
WO2013156268A1 (en) 2013-10-24
KR20140145616A (en) 2014-12-23
RU2014146582A (en) 2016-06-10
CN104246947B (en) 2016-11-09
HK1202977A1 (en) 2015-10-09
EP2839495A1 (en) 2015-02-25
DE202012101475U1 (en) 2013-07-23
JP2015515139A (en) 2015-05-21
CN104246947A (en) 2014-12-24

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