EP2836095B1 - Metallic foil nail appliqués - Google Patents
Metallic foil nail appliqués Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2836095B1 EP2836095B1 EP13774972.7A EP13774972A EP2836095B1 EP 2836095 B1 EP2836095 B1 EP 2836095B1 EP 13774972 A EP13774972 A EP 13774972A EP 2836095 B1 EP2836095 B1 EP 2836095B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive layer
- nail
- layer
- base coat
- appliqué
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000282 nail Anatomy 0.000 description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000004905 finger nail Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004906 toe nail Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002508 contact lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D31/00—Artificial nails
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D29/00—Manicuring or pedicuring implements
- A45D29/001—Self adhesive nail coating blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
- B44C1/105—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics comprising an adhesive layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
- B44C1/14—Metallic leaves or foils, e.g. gold leaf
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/02—Superimposing layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of nail polish and nail decorations, and, more specifically, to nail appliqués for adorning a fingernail or toenail.
- nail appliqués allow a user to rapidly decorate finger or toe nails with colors, designs or images, or with metallic sheens. Such sheens may be provided through the use of nail appliqués containing metallic foils or films (hereinafter, “foil appliqués").
- a nail appliqué according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a self-adhesive nail appliqué having a first adhesive layer; a partially-cured base coat on the first adhesive layer; a second adhesive layer on the base coat; a metallic foil layer on the second adhesive layer; and a partially-cured top coat on the metallic foil layer.
- the second adhesive layer cures by exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
- the nail appliqué is stretchable and the base coat, the second adhesive layer, and the top coat are stretchable at substantially the same rates as each other.
- the base coat, the second adhesive layer, and the top coat are coextensive with each other in an uncured state, a partially-cured state, and a cured state.
- the metallic foil layer is a single layer coextensive with the second adhesive layer.
- a method of manufacturing a self-adhesive nail appliqué according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of forming a first adhesive layer; forming a partially-cured base coat on the first adhesive layer; forming a second adhesive layer on the base coat; forming a metallic foil layer on the second adhesive layer; and forming a partially-cured top coat on the metallic foil layer.
- the step of forming the second adhesive layer includes the step of exposing the adhesive to ultraviolet radiation after the step of forming the metallic foil layer.
- the present invention includes a multi-layered nail appliqué having metallic foil or film as at least one of the layers ("foil appliqué).
- the foil appliqué is built up in a layer-by-layer fashion on top of a releasable substrate.
- the foil appliqué is soft and stretchable to cover a user's fingernail or toenail, but is hardened (e.g., with the aid of a user's body heat, or at room temperature) when it is applied to the fingernail or toe nail.
- fingernails and toenails are referred to, collectively, as "nails”.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross-section of foil appliqué 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the foil appliqué 10 is provided adhered to a removable substrate 12 from which the foil appliqué 10 can be detached.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross-section of foil appliqué 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the foil appliqué 10 is provided adhered to a removable substrate 12 from which the foil appliqué 10 can be detached.
- a foil appliqué 10 is a multi-layer structure including: a first adhesive layer 14, comprising an adhesive suitable for adhering the foil appliqué to the nail and removably adhering the foil appliqué to the substrate 12; a base coat 16 comprising nail enamel residing on the first adhesive layer 14; a second adhesive layer 18 residing on the base coat 16; a layer of metallic foil or film 20 residing on the second adhesive layer 18; and a top coat of a clear nail enamel 22 covering the metallic foil or film.
- the second adhesive layer 18 includes an adhesive substance that may be cured (e.g., gelled and/or hardened) by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (also referred to as "UV radiation”), and is also referred to herein as a "UV adhesive layer".
- suitable materials for each of the adhesive or nail enamel layers 14, 16, 18, 22 may be obtained commercially, or may be developed on a custom basis using materials and methods known in the art.
- the aforesaid layers should maintain their dimensional stability during curing in the manufacturing process and/or while on the user's nail. If the dimensions of the layers do change, such changes should occur to a similar degree across each of the layers 14, 16, 18, 22 such that the layers 14, 16, 18, 22 remain co-extensive (i.e., cover each other to the same extent) to avoid wrinkling or distortion of the foil appliqué, or, more specifically, the foil layer.
- the dimensional stability of the metallic foil or film layer 20 will typically be less of a concern for reasons discussed elsewhere herein.
- the materials used for the various layers should also, when working together, provide a structure having physically properties (e.g., stretchability, flexibility, tear resistance, etc.) that are desired in the final product (i.e., the foil appliqué), and should stretch or flex without wrinkling the appliqué or the foil layer.
- These properties may be similar to those of certain nail enamel appliques presently known in the art, such as those described in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862, filed May 11, 2005 , (published as U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0255061, published November 17, 2005 ), the entire disclosures of both of which are incorporated by reference herein.
- the adhesive used therein should be able to adhere firmly to a nail when cured.
- the adhesive may be applied to the substrate 12 as a liquid or melted from a hardened state, and may contain solvents that volatilize readily at a human body temperature or below, such as low-molecular-weight acetates or alcohols.
- the adhesive of the first adhesive layer 14 should also be of a type that will release readily from the substrate 12, which may be made of a material, such as a thin sheet of silicon-coated release liner paper or aluminum laminate plastic film.
- a suitable thickness for the first adhesive layer in some embodiments of the present invention would be about 10-15% of the total thickness of the finished appliqué.
- Adhesives and substrates suitable for use in the present invention are similar to those discussed further in the aforesaid U.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862 with regard to nail enamel appliqués.
- Exemplary adhesives suitable for the present invention include acrylic co-polymer adhesives.
- the top coat 22 is made from a clear (e.g., transparent or translucent) enamel, so that the foil layer 20 may be seen, and the finished appliqué 10 has the desired metallic color and sheen.
- the clear coat may include a color, or may include additives (e.g., glitter or mica chips) to enhance the appearance of the finished appliqué.
- the top coat should be formulated so that the foil layer remains visible.
- the base coat 16 may also be made of a clear enamel, but its purpose is to provide a mechanical barrier between the first adhesive layer 14 and the UV adhesive layer 18, and also provide a smooth surface for application of the UV adhesive layer 18.
- Suitable thicknesses for the top and bottom coats 16, 22 include those in the range of about 35-45% of the total thickness of the finished appliqué.
- the nail enamel may be organic solvent-based, or aqueous-based, or be of a UV-curable type. Desirable physical properties and compositions of the nail enamels will depend on such factors as the method of applying the respective base or top layers 16, 22, or the temperature at which the layer 16, 18 is to be cured.
- Organic solvent-based nail enamels having viscosities of 1500-4000 centipoise (60 rpm) at room temperature may have particular utility in the present invention.
- Nail enamel properties and formulations are discussed in the aforesaid U.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862 with regard to nail enamel appliqués, any may readily be adapted by those having ordinary skill in the art to produce clear coats suitable for use with the present invention.
- the UV adhesive layer 18 may include any of a broad range of materials that cure to a gelled or tacky state after an initial exposure to ultraviolet light, and are non-toxic in their cured form. Numerous such materials are available commercially, and include polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, polyacrylate resins, and mixtures thereof. One such material has a composition range, by weight, of: 10-25% Polyurethane resin; 1-25% Epoxy resin; 1-20% Polyacrylate resin; and 1-10% Photoinitiators and stabilizers.
- metal foil or film layer 20 there are numerous commercially-available products that are suitable for use in the present invention. These products generally comprise a metallic film deposited on a plastic sheet (also referred to as a "metallized plastic sheet"). Such products are available in a number of metallic colors, including silver and gold, in multicolored forms, or in a holographic-finished form.
- a plastic sheet also referred to as a "metallized plastic sheet”
- Such products are available in a number of metallic colors, including silver and gold, in multicolored forms, or in a holographic-finished form.
- Aluminum is the metal most commonly-available on plastic sheet, with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) being among the most commonly-used plastics.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the metal films may have thicknesses in the range of 10-1000 nm, more typically 50-100 nm for aluminum. These thicknesses are sometimes expressed in the angstrom units (A), in which 1 nm equals 10 A.
- the metallic film can readily be transferred intact onto an adhesive surface, such as that of UV adhesive layer 18 by simple contact between the film and the adhesive.
- the resulting foil or film layer 20 is typically porous (i.e., there are very small gaps between metallic particles), but it appears to be solid in the appliqué, and may be highly reflective. Because the metallic film is porous and so thin, it may deform (e.g., stretch) to some degree without adversely affecting the appearance of the appliqué.
- cold-stamp foils suitable for use with the present invention that will be recognized by those having ordinary skill in the art and possession of the present disclosure.
- a laminated sheet of material is prepared having the layered structure desired for the foil appliqué.
- the sheet is built up in a layer-by-layer fashion on the releasable substrate 12 by a continuous fabrication process.
- a continuous process is discussed in the aforesaid U.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862 with regard to nail enamel appliqués, and suitable adaptations of this process for use in the present invention will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art and possession of the present disclosure.
- the adhesive layer 14 is deposited directly onto the substrate 12 as a liquid or by melting a solid adhesive onto the substrate 12. Suitable means for depositing an adhesive layer onto a surface during a continuous fabrication process are known in the art.
- the adhesive is allowed to gel or harden, while retaining its tackiness, before the next layer (i.e., base coat 16) is applied.
- nail enamel is applied directly to the adhesive layer 14, so as to cover the adhesive layer 14, and form a smooth surface for subsequent application of the UV adhesive layer 18.
- Nail enamels containing organic solvents or water may be heated to evaporate a portion of the solvents or water, thus partially curing the base coat 16.
- the evaporation step may also be performed at room temperature, depending on the composition of the nail enamel used and the thickness of the base coat 16. The temperature and dwell time for this process are a matter of engineering choice, as they should be coordinated with the overall process rate and the desired quality of the final product.
- a portion of the solvent or water is allowed to remain in the enamel (i.e., the enamel is "partially-cured"), so that the base coat 16 has a desired degree of stretchability.
- the enamel is "partially-cured"
- a heating step may not be needed, since the typical UV-curable enamel typically would not contain solvents or water. Instead, the enamel would be exposed to UV radiation to initiate the curing process. The duration and intensity of the exposure would depend on the formulation of the nail enamel, and would be understood by those knowledgeable in the relevant chemical art, or could be selected according to instructions provided by the manufacturer of the nail enamel.
- the UV-curable mixture is applied to the surface of the base coat 16.
- the UV-curable mixture is not exposed to UV radiation until after the foil layer 20 is applied.
- the metallic surface of a roll of metallized plastic sheet is put in contact with the UV-curable mixture using methods known in various arts (e.g., in continuous contact printing).
- the foil adheres to the UV-curable mixture in a porous layer and separates from the plastic sheet.
- This "cold stamping" process which may be performed at room temperature, has advantages over the "hot stamping” process that is commonly used.
- Hot stamping requires that application of heat to the foil, which would heat the entire multilayered structure, causing the lower layers of the appliqué to dry out and, possibly, disrupting them.
- the hot stamping method also requires a die to transfer heat to the appliqué. Such dies often must be specially made. Neither a die nor the application of damaging degrees of heat are required for the cold stamping method used in embodiments of the present invention.
- the UV-curable mixture is exposed to UV radiation through the porous metallic foil to initiate the curing process.
- the duration and intensity of the exposure would depend on the formulation of the UV-curable mixture, and would be understood by those knowledgeable in the relevant chemical art, or could be selected according to instructions provided by the manufacturer of the adhesive.
- top coat 22 nail enamel is applied directly over the foil layer 20, so as to cover the foil layer 20 and the UV adhesive layer 18.
- the top coat 22 can include a single layer or multiple layers of nail enamel.
- Nail enamels containing organic solvents or water may be heated to evaporate a portion of the solvents or water, thus partially curing the top coat 22.
- the evaporation step may also be performed at room temperature, depending on the composition of the nail enamel used and the thickness of the top coat 22.
- the temperature and dwell time for this process are a matter of engineering choice, as they should be coordinated with the overall process rate and the desired quality of the final product.
- a portion of the solvent or water is allowed to remain in the enamel (i.e., the enamel is "partially-cured"), so that the top coat 16 has a desired degree of stretchability.
- the enamel is "partially-cured"
- a heating step may not be needed, since the typical UV-curable enamel typically would not contain solvents or water. Instead, the enamel would be exposed to UV radiation to initiate the curing process. The duration and intensity of the exposure would depend on the formulation of the nail enamel, and would be understood by those knowledgeable in the relevant chemical art, or could be selected according to instructions provided by the manufacturer of the nail enamel.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of an exemplary set 24 of foil appliqués made according to the foregoing method.
- Each set 24 may include appliqués of different sizes, such as appliqués 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, to accommodate nails of different sizes.
- the appliqués 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 are integrated with a connector 36.
- the laminated sheet, and thus the foil appliqués includes a small amount of solvent to keep the appliqués stretchable until they are used.
- the appliqué set 24 is sealed inside a package (not shown) that includes a vapor barrier to prevent the loss of solvent from the appliqués.
- the user opens the package and removes the desired appliqué 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 from the connector 36.
- the user separates the appliqué from its substrate, and applies the adhesive layer 14 (see FIG. 1 ) to the nail.
- the user then stretches the appliqué to cover the nail, removes any excess appliqué overhanging the nail, and trims the appliqué to match the end of the nail (e.g., using a nail file). Body heat from the finger or toe completes the curing process, hardening the appliqué.
- the finished appliqué as provided in the package, is thin (e.g., about 3.5-5.5 mil, or about 0.10-0.15 mm in overall thickness), the residual solvent can evaporate quickly (e.g., in less than an hour, depending on the user's body temperature and environmental conditions).
- the hardened appliqué can be detached from the nail using conventional nail polish remover.
Description
- The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.
61/621,887, filed April 9, 2012 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/799,386, filed March 15, 2013 - The present invention relates to the field of nail polish and nail decorations, and, more specifically, to nail appliqués for adorning a fingernail or toenail.
- The use of an instant fingernail coating product whereby nail polish is applied to a fingernail by adhesively securing to it a dry form of nail polish has become a popular method of providing a manicure. Such products, also known as "nail appliqués", allow a user to rapidly decorate finger or toe nails with colors, designs or images, or with metallic sheens. Such sheens may be provided through the use of nail appliqués containing metallic foils or films (hereinafter, "foil appliqués").
- A nail appliqué according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a self-adhesive nail appliqué having a first adhesive layer; a partially-cured base coat on the first adhesive layer; a second adhesive layer on the base coat; a metallic foil layer on the second adhesive layer; and a partially-cured top coat on the metallic foil layer. In some embodiments, the second adhesive layer cures by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In some other embodiments, the nail appliqué is stretchable and the base coat, the second adhesive layer, and the top coat are stretchable at substantially the same rates as each other. In yet other embodiments, the base coat, the second adhesive layer, and the top coat are coextensive with each other in an uncured state, a partially-cured state, and a cured state. In further embodiments, the metallic foil layer is a single layer coextensive with the second adhesive layer.
- A method of manufacturing a self-adhesive nail appliqué according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of forming a first adhesive layer; forming a partially-cured base coat on the first adhesive layer; forming a second adhesive layer on the base coat; forming a metallic foil layer on the second adhesive layer; and forming a partially-cured top coat on the metallic foil layer. In some embodiments, the step of forming the second adhesive layer includes the step of exposing the adhesive to ultraviolet radiation after the step of forming the metallic foil layer.
- For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description of the invention considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross-section of a multilayer foil nail appliqué on a removable substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of a set of foil appliqués after they have been cut from a laminated sheet prepared according to an embodiment of a method of the present invention. - In some embodiments, the present invention includes a multi-layered nail appliqué having metallic foil or film as at least one of the layers ("foil appliqué). In a method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the foil appliqué is built up in a layer-by-layer fashion on top of a releasable substrate. The foil appliqué is soft and stretchable to cover a user's fingernail or toenail, but is hardened (e.g., with the aid of a user's body heat, or at room temperature) when it is applied to the fingernail or toe nail. For the purposes of the present disclosure, fingernails and toenails are referred to, collectively, as "nails".
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross-section of foil appliqué 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the foil appliqué 10 is provided adhered to aremovable substrate 12 from which the foil appliqué 10 can be detached. Turning toFIG. 1 , a foil appliqué 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a multi-layer structure including: a firstadhesive layer 14, comprising an adhesive suitable for adhering the foil appliqué to the nail and removably adhering the foil appliqué to thesubstrate 12; abase coat 16 comprising nail enamel residing on the firstadhesive layer 14; a secondadhesive layer 18 residing on thebase coat 16; a layer of metallic foil orfilm 20 residing on the secondadhesive layer 18; and a top coat of aclear nail enamel 22 covering the metallic foil or film. The secondadhesive layer 18 includes an adhesive substance that may be cured (e.g., gelled and/or hardened) by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (also referred to as "UV radiation"), and is also referred to herein as a "UV adhesive layer". - Turning now to the materials that may be used to form the layers of the foil appliqué 10, it may first be noted that suitable materials for each of the adhesive or
nail enamel layers layers layers film layer 20 will typically be less of a concern for reasons discussed elsewhere herein. The materials used for the various layers should also, when working together, provide a structure having physically properties (e.g., stretchability, flexibility, tear resistance, etc.) that are desired in the final product (i.e., the foil appliqué), and should stretch or flex without wrinkling the appliqué or the foil layer. These properties may be similar to those of certain nail enamel appliques presently known in the art, such as those described inU.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862, filed May 11, 2005 U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0255061, published November 17, 2005 ), the entire disclosures of both of which are incorporated by reference herein. - Turning to the first
adhesive layer 14, the adhesive used therein should be able to adhere firmly to a nail when cured. The adhesive may be applied to thesubstrate 12 as a liquid or melted from a hardened state, and may contain solvents that volatilize readily at a human body temperature or below, such as low-molecular-weight acetates or alcohols. The adhesive of the firstadhesive layer 14 should also be of a type that will release readily from thesubstrate 12, which may be made of a material, such as a thin sheet of silicon-coated release liner paper or aluminum laminate plastic film. A suitable thickness for the first adhesive layer in some embodiments of the present invention would be about 10-15% of the total thickness of the finished appliqué. Adhesives and substrates suitable for use in the present invention are similar to those discussed further in the aforesaidU.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862 with regard to nail enamel appliqués. Exemplary adhesives suitable for the present invention include acrylic co-polymer adhesives. - Turning to the
base coat 16 andtop coat 22, it should be noted that, in embodiments of the present invention, these coats may be formed from commercially-available or custom-made nail enamels. In one embodiment of the present invention, thetop coat 22 is made from a clear (e.g., transparent or translucent) enamel, so that thefoil layer 20 may be seen, and the finishedappliqué 10 has the desired metallic color and sheen. In some embodiments, the clear coat may include a color, or may include additives (e.g., glitter or mica chips) to enhance the appearance of the finished appliqué. In such embodiments, the top coat should be formulated so that the foil layer remains visible. Thebase coat 16 may also be made of a clear enamel, but its purpose is to provide a mechanical barrier between the firstadhesive layer 14 and the UVadhesive layer 18, and also provide a smooth surface for application of the UVadhesive layer 18. Suitable thicknesses for the top andbottom coats top layers layer U.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862 with regard to nail enamel appliqués, any may readily be adapted by those having ordinary skill in the art to produce clear coats suitable for use with the present invention. - The UV
adhesive layer 18 may include any of a broad range of materials that cure to a gelled or tacky state after an initial exposure to ultraviolet light, and are non-toxic in their cured form. Numerous such materials are available commercially, and include polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, polyacrylate resins, and mixtures thereof. One such material has a composition range, by weight, of:10-25% Polyurethane resin; 1-25% Epoxy resin; 1-20% Polyacrylate resin; and 1-10% Photoinitiators and stabilizers. - Turning to the metal foil or
film layer 20, there are numerous commercially-available products that are suitable for use in the present invention. These products generally comprise a metallic film deposited on a plastic sheet (also referred to as a "metallized plastic sheet"). Such products are available in a number of metallic colors, including silver and gold, in multicolored forms, or in a holographic-finished form. Aluminum is the metal most commonly-available on plastic sheet, with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) being among the most commonly-used plastics. The metal films may have thicknesses in the range of 10-1000 nm, more typically 50-100 nm for aluminum. These thicknesses are sometimes expressed in the angstrom units (A), in which 1 nm equals 10 A. At such thicknesses, the metallic film can readily be transferred intact onto an adhesive surface, such as that of UVadhesive layer 18 by simple contact between the film and the adhesive. The resulting foil orfilm layer 20 is typically porous (i.e., there are very small gaps between metallic particles), but it appears to be solid in the appliqué, and may be highly reflective. Because the metallic film is porous and so thin, it may deform (e.g., stretch) to some degree without adversely affecting the appearance of the appliqué. There are numerous cold-stamp foils suitable for use with the present invention that will be recognized by those having ordinary skill in the art and possession of the present disclosure. - In a method of fabricating a foil appliqué, such as foil appliqué 10, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a laminated sheet of material is prepared having the layered structure desired for the foil appliqué. The sheet is built up in a layer-by-layer fashion on the
releasable substrate 12 by a continuous fabrication process. Such a continuous process is discussed in the aforesaidU.S. Patent Application No. 11/126,862 with regard to nail enamel appliqués, and suitable adaptations of this process for use in the present invention will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art and possession of the present disclosure. - Using
foil appliqué 10 as a reference, theadhesive layer 14 is deposited directly onto thesubstrate 12 as a liquid or by melting a solid adhesive onto thesubstrate 12. Suitable means for depositing an adhesive layer onto a surface during a continuous fabrication process are known in the art. The adhesive is allowed to gel or harden, while retaining its tackiness, before the next layer (i.e., base coat 16) is applied. - Turning to
base coat 16, nail enamel is applied directly to theadhesive layer 14, so as to cover theadhesive layer 14, and form a smooth surface for subsequent application of theUV adhesive layer 18. Nail enamels containing organic solvents or water may be heated to evaporate a portion of the solvents or water, thus partially curing thebase coat 16. The evaporation step may also be performed at room temperature, depending on the composition of the nail enamel used and the thickness of thebase coat 16. The temperature and dwell time for this process are a matter of engineering choice, as they should be coordinated with the overall process rate and the desired quality of the final product. In embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the solvent or water is allowed to remain in the enamel (i.e., the enamel is "partially-cured"), so that thebase coat 16 has a desired degree of stretchability. If a UV-curable nail enamel is used, a heating step may not be needed, since the typical UV-curable enamel typically would not contain solvents or water. Instead, the enamel would be exposed to UV radiation to initiate the curing process. The duration and intensity of the exposure would depend on the formulation of the nail enamel, and would be understood by those knowledgeable in the relevant chemical art, or could be selected according to instructions provided by the manufacturer of the nail enamel. - Turning to the
UV adhesive layer 18 andfoil layer 20, the UV-curable mixture is applied to the surface of thebase coat 16. In some embodiments of the present invention, the UV-curable mixture is not exposed to UV radiation until after thefoil layer 20 is applied. In such an embodiment of the present invention, the metallic surface of a roll of metallized plastic sheet is put in contact with the UV-curable mixture using methods known in various arts (e.g., in continuous contact printing). The foil adheres to the UV-curable mixture in a porous layer and separates from the plastic sheet. This "cold stamping" process, which may be performed at room temperature, has advantages over the "hot stamping" process that is commonly used. Hot stamping requires that application of heat to the foil, which would heat the entire multilayered structure, causing the lower layers of the appliqué to dry out and, possibly, disrupting them. The hot stamping method also requires a die to transfer heat to the appliqué. Such dies often must be specially made. Neither a die nor the application of damaging degrees of heat are required for the cold stamping method used in embodiments of the present invention. - After the
foil layer 20 is applied, the UV-curable mixture is exposed to UV radiation through the porous metallic foil to initiate the curing process. As discussed with respect to the UV nail enamel of some embodiments ofbase coat 16, the duration and intensity of the exposure would depend on the formulation of the UV-curable mixture, and would be understood by those knowledgeable in the relevant chemical art, or could be selected according to instructions provided by the manufacturer of the adhesive. - Turning to
top coat 22, nail enamel is applied directly over thefoil layer 20, so as to cover thefoil layer 20 and theUV adhesive layer 18. Thetop coat 22 can include a single layer or multiple layers of nail enamel. Nail enamels containing organic solvents or water may be heated to evaporate a portion of the solvents or water, thus partially curing thetop coat 22. The evaporation step may also be performed at room temperature, depending on the composition of the nail enamel used and the thickness of thetop coat 22. As with thebase coat 16, the temperature and dwell time for this process are a matter of engineering choice, as they should be coordinated with the overall process rate and the desired quality of the final product. In embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the solvent or water is allowed to remain in the enamel (i.e., the enamel is "partially-cured"), so that thetop coat 16 has a desired degree of stretchability. If a UV-curable nail enamel is used, a heating step may not be needed, since the typical UV-curable enamel typically would not contain solvents or water. Instead, the enamel would be exposed to UV radiation to initiate the curing process. The duration and intensity of the exposure would depend on the formulation of the nail enamel, and would be understood by those knowledgeable in the relevant chemical art, or could be selected according to instructions provided by the manufacturer of the nail enamel. - When the
top coat 22 of the foil appliqué has been partially-cured, sets of foil appliqués on thesubstrate 12 are cut from the laminated sheet.FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of anexemplary set 24 of foil appliqués made according to the foregoing method. Each set 24 may include appliqués of different sizes, such asappliqués appliqués connector 36. - In some of the embodiments of the invention discussed above, the laminated sheet, and thus the foil appliqués, includes a small amount of solvent to keep the appliqués stretchable until they are used. Thus, the appliqué set 24 is sealed inside a package (not shown) that includes a vapor barrier to prevent the loss of solvent from the appliqués.
- To use the foil appliqué, the user opens the package and removes the desired
appliqué connector 36. The user separates the appliqué from its substrate, and applies the adhesive layer 14 (seeFIG. 1 ) to the nail. The user then stretches the appliqué to cover the nail, removes any excess appliqué overhanging the nail, and trims the appliqué to match the end of the nail (e.g., using a nail file). Body heat from the finger or toe completes the curing process, hardening the appliqué. Since the finished appliqué, as provided in the package, is thin (e.g., about 3.5-5.5 mil, or about 0.10-0.15 mm in overall thickness), the residual solvent can evaporate quickly (e.g., in less than an hour, depending on the user's body temperature and environmental conditions). The hardened appliqué can be detached from the nail using conventional nail polish remover. - It will be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and that a person skilled in the art may make many variations and modifications without departing from the scope of the invention. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention, as embodied in the appended claims.
Claims (15)
- A self-adhesive nail appliqué (10), comprising:- a first adhesive layer (14);- a partially-cured base coat 16 on said first adhesive layer (14); a second adhesive layer (18) on said base coat (16) opposite said first adhesive layer (14);- a metallic foil layer (20) on said second adhesive layer (18) opposite said second base coat (16); and- a partially-cured top coat (22) on said metallic foil layer (20) opposite said second adhesive layer (18).
- The nail appliqué (10) of claim 1, wherein said second adhesive layer (18) is cured by exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
- The nail appliqué (10) of one of the preceding claims, wherein said nail appliqué (10) is stretchable and said base coat (16), said second adhesive layer (18), and said top coat (22) are stretchable at substantially the same rates as each other.
- The nail appliqué (10) of one of the preceding claims, wherein said base coat (16), said second adhesive layer (18), and said top coat (22) are coextensive with each other in an uncured state, a partially-cured state, and a cured state.
- The nail appliqué (10) of one of the preceding claims, wherein said metallic foil layer (20) is a single layer coextensive with said second adhesive layer (18) and said top coat
(22); or wherein said metallic foil layer (20) covers substantially all of the second adhesive layer 18 and is covered by substantially all of said top coat (22); or wherein said metallic foil layer (20) has a thickness in the range of about 10 to about 1000 nm. - The nail appliqué (10) of one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said base coat (16) is configured to form a mechanical barrier between said first adhesive layer (14) and said second adhesive layer (18) and to provide a smooth surface to which said second adhesive layer (18) is adhered.
- The nail appliqué (10) of one of the preceding claims, wherein said second adhesive layer (18) includes a polyurethane resin, an epoxy resin, and a polyacetate resin
or wherein each of said base coat (16) and said top coat (22) includes nail enamel. - The nail appliqué (10) of one of the preceding claims, wherein said nail appliqué (10) has a thickness in the range of about 0.10 mm to about 0.15 mm.
- The nail appliqué (10) of one of the preceding claims, further comprising a substrate (12), said first adhesive layer (14) being releasably adhered to said substrate (12).
- A method of manufacturing a self-adhesive nail appliqué (10), comprising the steps of:- forming a first adhesive layer (14);- forming a partially-cured base coat (16) on the first adhesive layer (14);- forming a second adhesive layer (18) on the base coat (16) opposite the first adhesive layer (14);- forming a metallic foil layer (20) on the second adhesive layer (18) opposite the base coat (16); and- forming a partially-cured top coat (22) on the metallic foil layer (20) opposite the second adhesive layer (18).
- The method of claim 10, wherein said step of forming the second adhesive layer (18) includes the steps of applying an adhesive curable by exposure to ultraviolet radiation to the base coat (16), and exposing the adhesive to ultraviolet radiation after the step of forming the metallic foil layer (20).
- The method of claims 10 or 11, wherein said step of forming a partially-cured base coat (16) includes the steps of applying a first nail enamel having a first solvent to the first adhesive layer (14), and evaporating a portion of the first solvent such that said base coat (16) is stretchable
or wherein said step of forming a partially-cured top coat (22) includes the steps of applying a second nail enamel having a second solvent to the metallic foil layer (20), and evaporating a portion of the second solvent such that said top coat (22) is stretchable. - The method of any of claims 10 to 12, wherein said step of forming a metallic foil (20) on the second adhesive layer (18) includes the steps of providing a substrate having a metallic foil 20 thereupon, the metal foil (20) having a thickness in the range of about 0 nm to about 1000 nm, contacting the metal foil (20) with the second adhesive layer (18), and retracting the substrate such that the metallic foil (20) adheres to the second adhesive layer (18) and separates from the substrate.
- The method of any of claims 10 to 13, wherein the first adhesive layer (14) is formed on a releasable substrate (12) by said step of forming a first adhesive layer (14), said method including the further steps of removing the nail appliqué (10) from the substrate (12), applying the first adhesive layer (14) to a nail of a user, stretching the nail appliqué (10) to cover the nail, and further curing the base coat (16) and top coat (22) with the body heat of the user, thereby hardening the nail appliqué (10).
- The method of claim 14, wherein the base coat (16), the second adhesive layer (18), and the top coat (22) stretch at substantially the same rate
or wherein the base coat (16), the second adhesive layer (18), and the top coat (22) shrink by substantially the same amount during the further curing step, so as to inhibit the foil layer (20) from wrinkling.
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US201361799386P | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | |
PCT/US2013/035817 WO2013155094A1 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2013-04-09 | Metallic foil nail appliqués |
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WO2022098883A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-12 | Brilliance of Beauty, Inc. | Light-curable artificial nails, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof |
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WO2022098883A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-12 | Brilliance of Beauty, Inc. | Light-curable artificial nails, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof |
US20220232945A1 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-07-28 | Brilliance of Beauty, Inc. | Light-curable artificial nails, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof |
CN116490096A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2023-07-25 | 美丽之光公司 | Photocurable artificial nails, methods of making and using the same |
GB2615032A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2023-07-26 | Brilliance Of Beauty Inc | Light-curable artificial nails, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof |
AU2021374933B2 (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2023-08-17 | Brilliance of Beauty, Inc. | Light-curable artificial nails, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof |
GB2615032B (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2024-01-03 | Brilliance Of Beauty Inc | Light-curable artificial nails, methods of preparation and methods of use thereof |
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EP2836095A1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
JP2015514473A (en) | 2015-05-21 |
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KR20200034823A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
KR102240992B1 (en) | 2021-04-16 |
EP2836095A4 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
CN104203038A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
KR20150002735A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
WO2013155094A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
CN104203038B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
JP6275114B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
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