EP2834482B1 - Gaswechselventilanordnung und ventil - Google Patents

Gaswechselventilanordnung und ventil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2834482B1
EP2834482B1 EP13715721.0A EP13715721A EP2834482B1 EP 2834482 B1 EP2834482 B1 EP 2834482B1 EP 13715721 A EP13715721 A EP 13715721A EP 2834482 B1 EP2834482 B1 EP 2834482B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
gas exchange
piston
arrangement according
pressurizing chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP13715721.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2834482A1 (de
Inventor
Sören HÖSTMAN
Magnus Sundsten
Ulf Granlund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Finland Oy
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Wartsila Finland Oy
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2834482A1 publication Critical patent/EP2834482A1/de
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Publication of EP2834482B1 publication Critical patent/EP2834482B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L31/00—Valve drive, valve adjustment during operation, or other valve control, not provided for in groups F01L15/00 - F01L29/00
    • F01L31/08—Valve drive or valve adjustment, apart from tripping aspects; Positively-driven gear
    • F01L31/16—Valve drive or valve adjustment, apart from tripping aspects; Positively-driven gear the drive being effected by specific means other than eccentric, e.g. cams; Valve adjustment in connection with such drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas exchange valve arrangement for an internal combustion engine in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also concerns a gas exchange valve according to the other independent claim.
  • Gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines are most often operated by rotating camshafts, but also hydraulically operated systems are known. Hydraulic valve opening systems are used especially in large internal combustion engines, where they can provide the benefits of variable gas exchange valve opening and closing times. Both mechanical and hydraulic valve opening mechanisms are often bulky and require a lot of space above the cylinder heads. Large valve springs are needed to enable fast closing of the gas exchange valves.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved gas exchange valve arrangement for an internal combustion engine.
  • the characterizing features of the arrangement according to the present invention are given in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved gas exchange valve for an internal combustion engine.
  • the characterizing features of the gas exchange valve according to the present invention are given in the characterizing part of the other independent claim.
  • the gas exchange valve arrangement comprises at least one gas exchange valve for opening and closing flow communication between a gas exchange duct and a cylinder of the engine, the gas exchange valve comprising a valve head and a valve stem, a pressurizing chamber for pressurizing hydraulic fluid, a reciprocating piston that protrudes into the pressurizing chamber, a receiving chamber that is arranged around the valve stem of the gas exchange valve, and a hydraulic fluid duct for connecting the pressurizing chamber to the receiving chamber.
  • a piston surface is arranged in the receiving chamber in connection with the valve stem for opening the gas exchange valve.
  • the arrangement further comprises a second piston surface that is arranged in connection with the valve stem and exposed to the pressure in the gas exchange duct for facilitating closing of the gas exchange valve.
  • the construction according to the invention is very compact, since the means for opening the gas exchange valves are arranged around the valve stems.
  • the hydraulic fluid also lubricates the valve guides and valve stems. Because of the second piston surface that is exposed to the pressure in the gas exchange duct, smaller valve springs can be used.
  • the gas exchange valve comprises a valve head and a valve stem, and a piston surface that is in connection with the valve stem and on which hydraulic pressure can be applied for opening the gas exchange valve.
  • the gas exchange valve further comprises a second piston surface that is arranged in connection with the valve stem and exposable to the pressure in a gas exchange duct for facilitating closing of the gas exchange valve.
  • the piston surfaces can be at the ends of a projection that is arranged around the valve stem.
  • the projection can be an integral part of the valve stem, or a sleeve that is arranged around the valve stem. If the projection is a sleeve, it can be made of a different material than the rest of the gas exchange valve.
  • the second piston surface is arranged in the gas exchange duct.
  • the arrangement comprises a spring that is arranged around the valve stem for closing the gas exchange valve and the receiving chamber is arranged below the spring.
  • the pressurizing chamber comprises a first portion with a first diameter and a second portion with a second diameter
  • the arrangement comprises a first hydraulic fluid duct for connecting the first portion of the pressurizing chamber to a receiving chamber of a first gas exchange valve and a second hydraulic fluid duct for connecting the second portion to a receiving chamber of a second gas exchange valve
  • the piston comprises a first pressure surface for pressurizing hydraulic fluid in the first portion of the pressurizing chamber and a second pressure surface for pressurizing hydraulic fluid in the second portion of the pressurizing chamber.
  • the first pressure surface is arranged at the end of the piston and the second pressure surface is an elbow that is arranged at a distance from the end of the piston.
  • the arrangement comprises one pressurizing chamber and one piston for each gas exchange valve.
  • the gas exchange arrangement When the gas exchange arrangement is provided with separate means for pressurizing the hydraulic fluid for each of the gas exchange valves, the same amount of hydraulic fluid can be supplied at the same time to each of the valves. The valves open thus at the same time and the valve lift is equal for each valve.
  • the pressurizing chamber can be arranged, for instance, in the cylinder head.
  • the invention can be applied both to intake valves and exhaust valves.
  • the reciprocating piston can be moved by a rotating cam, but also other means can be used for driving the piston.
  • FIG. 1 is shown a gas exchange valve arrangement for an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the engine is a large internal combustion engine that can be used, for instance, as a main or an auxiliary engine of a ship or at a power plant for producing electricity.
  • the engine can comprise any reasonable number of cylinders, and each cylinder is provided with an own cylinder head 3.
  • the gas exchange valve arrangement comprises a first gas exchange valve 1 and a second gas exchange valve 1', which are used for opening and closing flow communication between a gas exchange duct 2 and a cylinder of the engine.
  • the gas exchange valves 1, 1' are arranged in the cylinder head 3. In figure 1 the gas exchange valves 1, 1' are open, and in figure 2 the valves 1, 1' are closed.
  • the gas exchange duct 2 is an intake duct and the gas exchange valves 1, 1' are intake valves.
  • the engine can be provided with an identical or similar arrangement for the exhaust duct and exhaust valves.
  • the number of the intake valves 1, 1' in each cylinder is two, but also a different number of intake valves 1, 1' could be used.
  • Each of the first intake valve 1 and the second intake valve 1' comprises a valve stem 1b, 1b' and a valve head 1a, 1a' that is in co-operation with a valve seat 4, 4'.
  • the intake valves 1, 1' are closed and kept closed by springs 12, 12' in a conventional manner.
  • springs 12, 12' instead of conventional coil springs, for instance air springs could be used.
  • the springs 12, 12' are arranged around the valve stems 1b, 1b' partly inside the cylinder head 3 and partly above the cylinder head 3.
  • the movement of the intake valves 1, 1' is guided by valve guides 15, 15', which are sleeves that are arranged around the valve stems 1b, 1b'.
  • the intake valves 1, 1' are opened hydraulically.
  • the valve arrangement is provided with a pressurizing chamber 9.
  • the pressurizing chamber 9 is arranged inside the cylinder head 3.
  • the pressurizing chamber 9 could also be arranged in some other part of the engine.
  • a reciprocating piston 7 is arranged to protrude into the pressurizing chamber 9.
  • the piston 7 is connected to a cam follower unit 11 that comprises a cam follower wheel 11a.
  • the cam follower wheel 11a follows the surface of a rotating cam 10, and when the cam follower wheel 11a becomes engaged with the lobe 10a of the cam 10, the piston 7 is moved towards the upper end of the pressurizing chamber 9, i.e.
  • a receiving chamber 5, 5' is arranged around the valve stem 1b, 1b' of the intake valve 1, 1'.
  • the receiving chamber 5, 5' is below the spring 12, 12'.
  • the middle part of the valve stem 1b, 1b' of the intake valve 1, 1' is provided with a projection 1c, 1c'.
  • the projection 1c, 1c' has a first end that is arranged in the receiving chamber 5, 5' and a second end that is located closer to the cylinder, i.e. between the first end of the projection 1c, 1c' and the valve head 1a, 1a' of the intake valve 1, 1'.
  • the projection 1c, 1c' is an integral part of the valve stem 1b, 1b', but the projection 1c, 1c' could also be a sleeve that is arranged around the valve stem 1b, 1b'.
  • a benefit of a separate sleeve is that different material can be used than in the valve 1, 1'. Different valve and sleeve combinations can be used according to the requirements of each application where the invention is used.
  • First end of the projection 1c, 1c' forms a first piston surface 1d, 1d', which delimits the receiving chamber 5, 5'.
  • the receiving chamber 5, 5' is connected to the pressurizing chamber 9 through a hydraulic fluid duct 6, 6'. When the hydraulic fluid in the pressurizing chamber 9 is pressurized by the piston 7, the fluid flows in the hydraulic fluid duct 6, 6' into the receiving chamber 5, 5' above the projection 1c, 1c'.
  • the pressure in the receiving chamber 5, 5' acts on the first piston surface 1d, 1d' and pushes the intake valve 1, 1' downwards and opens the valve 1, 1'.
  • the construction according to the invention is very compact, since the means for opening the gas exchange valves are arranged around the valve stems.
  • the hydraulic fluid also lubricates the valve guides 15, 15' and valve stems 1b, 1b'.
  • Second end of the projection 1c, 1c' forms a second piston surface 1e, 1e'.
  • the second piston surface 1e, 1e' is located in the intake duct 2, and is thus exposed to the pressure in the intake duct 2.
  • the pressure facilitates closing of the intake valve 1, 1' and a smaller valve spring 12, 12' can thus be used.
  • the gas exchange valve arrangement is provided with an own pressure surface 8, 8' and hydraulic fluid duct 6, 6' for each of the valves 1, 1'.
  • the pressurizing chamber 9 comprises a first portion and a second portion.
  • a first hydraulic fluid duct 6 connects the first portion of the pressurizing chamber 9 to the receiving chamber 5 of the first intake valve 1.
  • a second hydraulic fluid duct 6' connects the second portion of the pressurizing chamber 9 to the receiving chamber 5' of the second intake valve 1'.
  • the piston 7 is provided with a first pressure surface 8 for pressurizing hydraulic fluid in the first portion of the pressurizing chamber 9, and with a second pressure surface 8' for pressurizing hydraulic fluid in the second portion of the pressurizing chamber 9.
  • the first portion of the pressurizing chamber 9 is arranged at the end of the pressurizing chamber 9 and has a first diameter.
  • the second portion of the pressurizing chamber 9 is concentric with the first portion and has a second diameter that is greater than the first diameter.
  • the first pressure surface 8 of the piston 7 is arranged at the end of the piston 7 and pressurizes thus the hydraulic fluid in the first portion of the pressurizing chamber 9.
  • the second pressure surface 8' is an elbow of the piston 7 and pressurizes the hydraulic fluid in the second portion of the pressurizing chamber 9.
  • the areas of the first and the second pressure surfaces 8, 8' are equal, and the same amount of hydraulic fluid is thus delivered into the receiving chambers 5, 5' of the first and the second intake valves 1, 1'.
  • the arrangement can be provided with separate pressure chambers 9 for each of the valves 1, 1'.
  • the pressurizing chamber 9 is provided with hydraulic fluid inlets 13, 13' for introducing additional hydraulic fluid into the pressurizing chamber 9 to compensate leakages from the system.
  • the hydraulic fluid inlets 13, 13' are provided with check valves 14, 14' for allowing flow into the pressurizing chamber 9 but preventing flow in the opposite direction.

Claims (13)

  1. Ladungswechselventil-Anordnung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, wobei die Anordnung Folgendes umfasst:
    - wenigstens ein Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Strömungsverbindung zwischen einer Gaswechselleitung (2) und einem Zylinder der Kraftmaschine, wobei das Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') einen Ventilteller (1a, 1a') und eine Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') umfasst,
    - eine Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) zum Unterdrucksetzen von Hydraulikfluid,
    - einen hin- und hergehenden Kolben (7), der in die Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) hinein vorspringt,
    - eine Aufnahmekammer (5, 5'), die um die Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') des Ladungswechselventils (1, 1') angeordnet ist,
    - eine Hydraulikfluidleitung (6, 6') zum Verbinden der Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) mit der Aufnahmekammer (5, 5'),
    - eine Kolbenoberfläche (1d, 1d'), die in der Aufnahmekammer (5, 5`) in Verbindung mit der Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') angeordnet ist, um das Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') zu öffnen, und
    - eine zweite Kolbenoberfläche (1e, 1e'), die in Verbindung mit der Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') angeordnet und dem Druck in der Ladungswechselleitung (2) ausgesetzt ist, um das Schließen des Ladungswechselventils (1, 1') zu erleichtern,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung eine Feder (12, 12'), die um die Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') angeordnet ist, umfasst und die Aufnahmekammer (5, 5') unterhalb der Feder (12, 12') angeordnet ist.
  2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die zweite Kolbenoberfläche (1e, 1e') in der Ladungswechselleitung (2) befindet.
  3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Kolbenoberflächen (1d, 1d', 1e, 1e') an den Enden eines Vorsprungs (1c, 1c'), der um die Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') angeordnet ist, befinden.
  4. Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorsprung (1c, 1c') eine Hülse ist, die um die Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') angeordnet ist.
  5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hülse aus einem anderen Material als das Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') hergestellt ist.
  6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorsprung (1c, 1c') ein integraler Teil der Ventilspindel (1b, 1b') ist.
  7. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) einen ersten Abschnitt mit einem ersten Durchmesser und einen zweiten Abschnitt mit einem zweiten Durchmesser umfasst und die Anordnung eine erste Hydraulikfluidleitung (6) zum Verbinden des ersten Abschnitts der Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) mit einer Aufnahmekammer (5) eines ersten Ladungswechselventils (1) und eine zweite Hydraulikfluidleitung (6') zum Verbinden des zweiten Abschnitts mit einer Aufnahmekammer (5') eines zweiten Ladungswechselventils (1') umfasst und der Kolben (7) eine erste Druckfläche (8) zum Unterdrucksetzen von Hydraulikfluid in dem ersten Abschnitt der Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) und eine zweite Druckfläche (8') zum Unterdrucksetzen von Hydraulikfluid in dem zweiten Abschnitt der Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) umfasst.
  8. Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Druckfläche (8) an einem Ende des Kolbens (7) angeordnet ist und die zweite Druckfläche (8') ein Knie ist, das bei einer Entfernung von dem Ende des Kolbens (7) angeordnet ist.
  9. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung eine Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) und einen Kolben (7) für jedes Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') umfasst.
  10. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckbeaufschlagungskammer (9) in dem Zylinderkopf (3) angeordnet ist.
  11. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anordnung einen sich drehenden Nocken (10) zum Bewegen des hin- und hergehenden Kolbens (7) umfasst.
  12. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') ein Einlassventil ist.
  13. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladungswechselventil (1, 1') ein Auslassventil ist.
EP13715721.0A 2012-03-09 2013-03-04 Gaswechselventilanordnung und ventil Active EP2834482B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20125250A FI20125250L (fi) 2012-03-09 2012-03-09 Kaasunvaihtoventtiilijärjestely ja kaasunvaihtoventtiili
PCT/FI2013/050229 WO2013132153A1 (en) 2012-03-09 2013-03-04 Gas exchange valve arrangement and valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2834482A1 EP2834482A1 (de) 2015-02-11
EP2834482B1 true EP2834482B1 (de) 2016-05-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13715721.0A Active EP2834482B1 (de) 2012-03-09 2013-03-04 Gaswechselventilanordnung und ventil

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2834482B1 (de)
KR (1) KR102029518B1 (de)
CN (1) CN104185722B (de)
FI (1) FI20125250L (de)
WO (1) WO2013132153A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2008668C3 (de) * 1970-02-25 1980-08-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zum Steuern eines Einlaß- oder Auslaßventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
JPS606566Y2 (ja) * 1979-07-03 1985-03-02 日産自動車株式会社 バルブ緩衝装置
JPS5823212A (ja) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-10 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 排気弁の開弁時期調整装置
DE3520215A1 (de) * 1985-06-05 1986-09-11 Herbert Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Gohle Vorrichtung zur verringerung der drosselverluste bei kolbenmotoren unter teillast durch phasenschnittsteuerung der ventile
US4862844A (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-09-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Valve assembly for internal combustion engine
SE512190C2 (sv) * 1995-07-06 2000-02-07 Fanja Ltd Anordning vid ett cylinderhuvud
US6125828A (en) * 1995-08-08 2000-10-03 Diesel Engine Retarders, Inc. Internal combustion engine with combined cam and electro-hydraulic engine valve control
WO1997006355A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-02-20 Diesel Engine Retarders, Inc. Internal combustion engines with combined cam and electro-hydraulic engine valve control
US5857438A (en) 1997-03-18 1999-01-12 Barnard; Daniel Wayne Hydraulically operated variable valve control mechanism
JP2004084670A (ja) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Man B & W Diesel As 水圧で作動されるバルブ
US7240663B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2007-07-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine shut-down for engine having adjustable valves
DE102004037140A1 (de) 2004-07-30 2006-03-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kolbenpumpe mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad
US7536984B2 (en) * 2007-04-16 2009-05-26 Lgd Technology, Llc Variable valve actuator with a pneumatic booster
CA2696036C (en) * 2007-08-07 2013-08-13 Scuderi Group, Llc Spark plug location for split-cycle engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20125250L (fi) 2013-09-10
KR20140140022A (ko) 2014-12-08
KR102029518B1 (ko) 2019-10-07
EP2834482A1 (de) 2015-02-11
CN104185722B (zh) 2016-06-29
WO2013132153A1 (en) 2013-09-12
CN104185722A (zh) 2014-12-03

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