EP2833349A1 - Procédé et dispositif de représentation d'un état relevant de la sécurité - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de représentation d'un état relevant de la sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2833349A1
EP2833349A1 EP14178345.6A EP14178345A EP2833349A1 EP 2833349 A1 EP2833349 A1 EP 2833349A1 EP 14178345 A EP14178345 A EP 14178345A EP 2833349 A1 EP2833349 A1 EP 2833349A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
comparison
display
test
image data
result
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14178345.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2833349B1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Dr. Ganz
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Deuta Werke GmbH
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Deuta Werke GmbH
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Priority to PL14178345T priority Critical patent/PL2833349T3/pl
Publication of EP2833349A1 publication Critical patent/EP2833349A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/006—Electronic inspection or testing of displays and display drivers, e.g. of LED or LCD displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/10—Dealing with defective pixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/12—Test circuits or failure detection circuits included in a display system, as permanent part thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2380/00—Specific applications
    • G09G2380/10—Automotive applications

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to the field of safety technology.
  • the invention relates to a method and a device for reliably displaying a safety-relevant state with a display, in particular with a TFT screen.
  • a computer taking account of state information, creates an image data stream which contains representation values, in particular color values. These serve to drive the individual pixels of the display, i. to display an image, and are forwarded to the display in the image stream.
  • the image data stream is supplied to a test unit for performing a computational safety test.
  • This relates to a surveillance area, which comprises at least a plurality of pixels, usually a plurality of pixels, of the respective image to be displayed.
  • a generic method and a corresponding device are, for example, from the international patent application WO 2012/003872 A1 or European patents EP 2 353 089 B1 and EP 2 273 369 B1 previously known.
  • the computational security check is performed by deterministic calculation of a check code taking into account the representation values of all pixels within the monitoring area, ie by a data reduction of all image data concerning the monitoring area to a considerably reduced check code in the data volume. Based on this check code, an inference is made to a possible input variable and its comparison with the actual input variable, which can represent a state information, for example.
  • Related methods are also out EP 2 254 039 B1 or off DE 3 411 015 C2 known.
  • a safety-related condition is to be signaled in a simple manner.
  • a control lamp depending on their luminous color, for example, green or red, an operating status signaled and easily monitored by the user.
  • the correct function of the lamp is checked by a measurement of the lamp current to ensure safety.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention is characterized in that first a reference value which is valid for all pixels of the monitoring area is determined, for example by the test unit or a secure control computer, and the test unit stores this reference value. Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that the test unit, starting from the image data stream, subjects each pixel to a selection of pixels of the monitoring area of a test sequence. The selection of the pixels for the test sequence consists in the simplest case of all the pixels of the monitoring area, but can, for example, only take into account each second pixel.
  • the test unit performs pixel-by-pixel comparison operation between at least one display value of the respective pixel, ie the pixel currently being viewed in the test sequence, and the predetermined, stored reference value, and forms a comparison result from this comparison operation. Furthermore, the test unit takes into account the respective comparison result to the current pixel in order to be able to determine a result variable. This consideration can be made in particular by incrementally increasing or decreasing the result variables depending on the respective comparison result. If necessary, the test sequence can extend over more than one image frame (English frame) or screen refresh. Finally, the invention provides that after the test sequence, the result variable determined from the individual, pixel-by-pixel generated comparison results is compared with a threshold.
  • This comparison is made by the test unit itself or externally after output of the result variable by the test unit and is used to form either a positive or negative result of the safety test. This overall result can then be used to initiate a safety-related reaction, for example to output a warning signal or to switch off the safety of the display.
  • the device is therefore characterized in that it comprises a test unit in which a reference value valid for all pixels of the monitoring area is stored and the test unit is designed to carry out a test sequence starting from the image data stream, such that the test unit successively for each Pixels of a selection of pixels of the monitoring area performs a comparison operation between at least one representation value, in particular a color value, to the currently considered in the sequence pixel and the stored reference value and forms a comparison result.
  • the test unit takes into account the respective comparison result for the purpose of determining a result variable, for example by incrementally increasing or decreasing it.
  • the test unit can output the result variable or even compare it with a threshold value. Based on this, externally or through the test unit, the formation of a positive or negative result of the safety test can take place.
  • the solution according to the invention is particularly easy to implement in the case of a digital image data stream, but in principle can also be used in an analog-controlled display.
  • the monitoring area can be specified variable to the test unit or can be stored in this fixed.
  • the term "surveillance area" means both contiguous and non-contiguous sets of individual pixels with respect to the image being displayed, and includes any geometric shapes in the image to be displayed, particularly, but not limited to, polygonal or elliptical areas, including rectangular or circular areas.
  • all pixels of the predetermined monitoring range of the test sequence according to the invention are subjected. However, it is also possible to make a selection with a smaller number of pixels, for example to subject only every other pixel of the comparison operation and consideration in the result variable.
  • An essential feature of the solution according to the invention is the fact that a plurality of pixels or pixels of the monitored area to be tested are compared with at least one of their display values for driving the display with one or only a few predetermined reference values.
  • the solution according to the invention also makes possible the complementary approach of recognizing maximum staining. It can thus be ensured, for example, that in the monitoring area a certain area proportion in the color green is only displayed if the status information corresponds to a safe operating state.
  • the comparison operation according to the invention can be implemented in different ways. Particularly simple is an identity comparison of a digital representation value with a digital reference value which has the same word length as the representation value. However, the comparison operation may also be performed as an inequality comparison. In particular, when it is to be checked whether the representation values for the individual pixels lie within a certain tolerance range, the comparison operation can be performed as a comparison, depending on whether the reference value represents an upper or lower limit value, that is currently in the test sequence considered representation value is smaller, less than / equal to, greater than / equal to, or greater than the reference value. Tolerance comparison is also technically easy to implement in other ways.
  • only a portion of the bits of the representation value that is of higher significance in the bit value can be compared to a reference value of lesser word length for identity. Due to the restriction to the higher-order bits, a tolerance for slight deviations, for example in the case of different color values of a hue, can be realized in a simple manner. Apart from the inequality comparison, which optionally uses an upper and a lower reference value, usually only one reference value is needed for the entire selection of pixels to be examined from the monitoring area.
  • test unit or the method can provide parallel or simultaneous execution of several test sequences relating to several separate or partially overlapping monitoring areas.
  • test sequence can be repeated individually for each screen layout or screen refresh. However, to reduce the required computing power and / or to introduce a temporal test tolerance, the test sequence may be also extend over more than one image structure and preferably has a repetition rate in the range of human detectable, typically less than 30 Hz. Conveniently, the repetition rate of the test sequence for a surveillance area, the 1 / n fraction of the refresh rate f.
  • the representation of an image comprises a color area whose color is determined by the computer depending on the state information.
  • the color surface can symbolize a control or warning light or represent the background of a security-relevant, dynamically variable display, such as a tachometer.
  • a positive result of the safety check can already be determined if only a predetermined portion of the selection of pixels taken for the test sequence fulfills the comparison criterion of the comparison operation.
  • This approach makes it possible to exclude individual pixel errors as a safety-relevant error criterion.
  • EMC-induced changes in the image data stream which lead to insignificant changes in the individual image, which the viewer can not recognize, can be easily excluded.
  • a positive test result can be formed, for example, if instead of 100% of the pixels, 90% of the pixels have a desired color value.
  • the test sequence comprises incrementing or decrementing a pixel counter.
  • the threshold value for forming the result of the security check can be determined as a function of the pixel counter, for example as a percentage of the tested total number of pixels.
  • the threshold value therefore does not have to be specified separately, but is automatically determined by the test sequence, depending on the size of the monitoring area and the selection made for the pixels to be tested.
  • the reference value valid for all pixels of the monitored area to be checked and / or the monitored area to be tested itself are also determined by the test unit. This is preferably done as a function of the status information which is supplied to the test unit for the determination of the reference value and / or the monitoring area.
  • the color values for the primary colors of a color space are used as display values in the image data stream.
  • at least one color value, preferably all color values are then subjected as the representation value to each pixel of the comparison operation according to the invention.
  • the comparison operation in the test sequence can be carried out in particular as a tolerance comparison, for example, if the actual pixel under consideration in all or one of its color values, in absolute or relative terms, is more than a certain percentage of a target color value as the reference value different.
  • the color-by-color comparison operation may be performed by considering the individual color values. This type of comparison operation allows e.g. Also, consideration of different color settings by the performing computer, for example, depending on user preferences and still recognizes the desired hues.
  • test sequence according to the invention can extend over each individual image structure. To reduce the computing power or energy saving, it may be provided, for example, that the test sequence only extends over regularly intermittent image structures in the sense of a sampling. In certain applications, a safety-related check is already ensured if, for example, every second image buildup is correct. Accordingly, it is sufficient in these cases not to examine the image directly but at regular intervals to examine it.
  • An intermittent execution of the test sequence also allows the verification of a flashing display area.
  • a further test sequence is preferably provided, which extends in comparison to the abovementioned intermittent image structures on this alternately intermittent image structures and performs a comparison operation with a further, additionally stored reference value.
  • the state information is determined by a signal-technically secure control computer and, on the one hand, supplied to the computer, which generates the image data stream, and, on the other hand, to the test unit.
  • test unit For retrofitting existing systems, it is particularly appropriate to run the test unit as a separate module separate from the display and separate from the computer. For safety reasons, it is expedient if the test unit for connection to the image data line, in particular parallel to the display, has a read-only input, and thus can not change the image data stream.
  • test unit is conveniently implemented using an FPGA or ASIC. These can be readily configured or programmed to perform a method with the features described above.
  • the test unit expediently has, in addition to an input for the status information and the input for connection to the image data line, also an output for outputting the result of the safety test.
  • This output can be connected, for example, to the fail-safe control computer for the purpose of initiating a safety-related reaction.
  • the invention also relates to a test unit for use in a device according to one of the embodiments described above, and finally also to the use of the device according to the invention in a vehicle, in particular in a rail vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a safety device 2 for carrying out the method according to the invention, for example in the cab of the railcar of a train.
  • the safety device 2 which is designated as a whole by 2, consists essentially of a commercially available PC 4, which generates image data as a representative computer and hereby activates a display consisting of a TFT panel or TFT display 6.
  • the TFT display is connected via an image data line 8, e.g. of the LVDS type, connected to the PC 4 for driving the individual pixels via a sequential image data stream, such that line by line and ultimately page by page, an image is constructed and displayed by the TFT display 6.
  • the safety device 2 comprises a test unit 10, which consists of microprocessors and, inter alia, an FPGA 12.
  • state information which characterizes a safety-relevant system state is supplied to the PC 4 and the test unit 10 via the data connection designated by the reference numeral 14. This value is taken into account within the PC 4 when creating the image data.
  • image data are supplied as a serial image data stream via the image data line 8 to the TFT display 6.
  • safety-relevant information eg a speedometer similar to a tachometer
  • a demarcated portion of the PC TFT displays 6 shown which is to be monitored as a monitoring area 16 safety.
  • the displayed image including the security-relevant information in the monitoring area 16 is "pre-rendered" and thus predefined.
  • the monitoring area hatched with a background in a warning color, for example in red, yellow or orange can be deposited.
  • the corresponding background should be displayed when the status information via the data connection 14, in particular from a signal-technically secure control computer 20, signals a critical condition (eg immediate stop with a red background, stop at the next possible opportunity with an orange background or maintenance required with a yellow background).
  • a critical condition eg immediate stop with a red background, stop at the next possible opportunity with an orange background or maintenance required with a yellow background.
  • the invention now makes it possible in a simple, reliable and efficient manner to check such monitoring areas 16 as to whether the state to be displayed is actually displayed correctly.
  • the image data stream fed via the LVDS image data line 8 to the TFT display 6 is tapped without change by the FPGA 12 of the test unit 10 via the read-back line 18 and a read-only input.
  • the FPGA 12 subjects the image data to the surveillance area 16 of a security audit.
  • the RGB color values ie in each case 24 bits to each of the selected pixels or pixels of the monitoring area, are successively read in pixel by pixel from the read-back line into a FIFO memory, eg a simple shift register 22 with no feedback with a width of 24 bits.
  • the contents of the shift register are compared with a reference color value stored in a register 24 contained in the FPGA. If all bits to the respective RGB color value, or as with the circuit in FIG.2 testable in the sense of a tolerance comparison, the higher-order ones Bit are identical to the reference color value, a success counter 26 is increased by one value.
  • a pixel counter (not shown) can be increased for each pixel tested or selected within the monitoring area 16.
  • test sequence e.g. After a complete screen refresh, it is then checked how high the proportion of those pixels of the monitoring area 16 is that is actually displayed with the color corresponding to the state information.
  • the test unit 10 If a predefinable threshold, which may also correspond to a proportion of the pixels, e.g. a proportion between 80% and 99%, the test unit 10 generates an output signal, e.g. to the secure control computer 20 which indicates the result of the security check, i. whether or not the color area is displayed correctly enough. For this purpose, the count of the success counter 26 is read out as the result variable after each test sequence.
  • a colored deposit of the tachometer does not have an exact color but a certain hue without requiring and checking an exact pixel-by-pixel match. This is in principle equal to the activation of a warning lamp whose display is monitored by current measurement.
  • FIG.2 shows a circuit that can easily exclude single pixel error as a safety-related error criterion. This is done in two stages, first by a tolerance comparison, which for each of the three RGB color values in the shift register 22 only the four most significant bits (Engl. Most significant bits) with a 4bit wide Compare reference value that is unchanged or fixed in register 24 for all pixels of the monitoring area 16.
  • a second step it is checked whether the result variable determined as counter result by the counter 26 represents a sufficient, predetermined proportion of the pixels in the monitoring area 16, eg 85% if about 10% of the pixels do not serve as background, but to display other information, eg to show the speedometer in FIG.1 , At the same time, the variable presentation of information, which has no actual background, can be included without affecting the result of the safety check.
  • FIG.3 shows an embodiment in which the color display to be tested takes place instead of by the PC 4 or in addition to the PC 4, by another, code-based test module 30 in the pixel data line.
  • This code-based test module 30 may have a structure according to EP2353089B1 respectively.
  • EP2273369B1 or according to EP2254039B1 exhibit.
  • a test unit 10 according to the present invention is connected downstream of the test module 30 and, according to the present invention, checks whether a safety-relevant display by the code-based test unit 30 is carried out correctly.
  • test unit 10 takes place at the same time to display an image on the display 16. This is achieved with little effort by serial processing of the data stream from the image data line 8 in a test sequence according to the invention. For this purpose, the computing power of commercially available FPGA is sufficient.
  • the test unit 10 can also use other suitable processor-like components instead of an FPGA 12, e.g. use an ASIC.
  • the comparison operation instead of a purely serial processing can also be realized multi-channel, ie with several parallel-fed individual shift registers correspondingly smaller bit width.
  • the test unit 12 can generate an output signal for the purpose of initiating a safety-related reaction, in particular for switching off the display or output of a warning signal, as a function of the test result.
  • the monitoring area 16 is in the picture shown after FIG.1 suitably rectangular, but may have any geometry and does not have to consist of contiguous pixels.
  • a display 6 any type of technical device can be used in the security device 2 and within the scope of the invention with which any information can be represented visually detectable by controlling individual pixels (English pixel).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
EP14178345.6A 2013-07-31 2014-07-24 Procédé et dispositif de représentation d'un état relevant de la sécurité Active EP2833349B1 (fr)

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PL14178345T PL2833349T3 (pl) 2013-07-31 2014-07-24 Sposób przedstawiania stanu istotnego z punktu widzenia bezpieczeństwa

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DE102013012679.7A DE102013012679A1 (de) 2013-07-31 2013-07-31 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Darstellung eines sicherheitsrelevanten Zustands

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EP2833349B1 EP2833349B1 (fr) 2018-04-04

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017125323A1 (fr) * 2016-01-21 2017-07-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif et procédé pour contrôler la validité de données d'image dans un système d'affichage
WO2018050379A1 (fr) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'un défaut d'affichage d'une image prédéfinie, en particulier d'un symbole d'avertissement, dans un affichage d'un dispositif d'affichage
EP3547180A1 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-02 Deuta-Werke GmbH Optimisation de contrôle de sécurité destinée à la présentation de données d'image relatives à la sécurité
CN110462629A (zh) * 2017-03-30 2019-11-15 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于识别眼睛和手的系统和方法
EP4052990A1 (fr) * 2021-03-04 2022-09-07 Deuta-Werke GmbH Affichage tête haute fiable dans la cabine du conducteur d'un véhicule ferroviaire

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018041777A1 (fr) 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Surveillance d'une indication dans une cabine de conduite d'un moyen de transport
DE102017200915A1 (de) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-26 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anzeigen eines Hinweises für einen Anwender und Arbeitsvorrichtung

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DE3411015C2 (fr) 1984-03-24 1987-12-10 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart, De
EP0584895A2 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'affichage d'une manière fiable d'informations techniques routières pour un système de routes de circulation
EP0856792B1 (fr) 1997-01-31 2003-02-05 Alcatel Méthode pour l'affichage sûr d'un image sur un ecran
US20070046680A1 (en) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Hedrick Geoffrey S Aircraft flat panel display system with improved information availability
WO2009050106A1 (fr) 2007-10-10 2009-04-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de contrôle, dispositif d'affichage et procédé pour vérifier la validité de signaux d'affichage
EP2273369B1 (fr) 2009-07-06 2011-11-30 Deuta-Werke GmbH Procédé de représentation d'une information relative à la sécurité sur un dispositif d'affichage et dispositif d'exécution du procédé
WO2012003872A1 (fr) 2010-07-08 2012-01-12 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Dispositif optoélectronique muni d'une électrode souple
EP2439722A1 (fr) 2010-09-20 2012-04-11 Pixy AG Procédé de vérification de données d'affichage pixellisées pour la représentation sur un écran d'appareil d'affichage dans un véhicule
EP2353089B1 (fr) 2009-07-06 2012-05-30 Deuta-Werke GmbH Procédé de représentation d'informations relatives à la sécurité sur un afficheur et appareil pour l'application du procédé
EP2254039B1 (fr) 2009-05-20 2012-12-12 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Module d'affichage visuel avec contrôle des données d' affichage parmi somme de contrôle

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DE3411015C2 (fr) 1984-03-24 1987-12-10 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart, De
EP0584895A2 (fr) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'affichage d'une manière fiable d'informations techniques routières pour un système de routes de circulation
EP0856792B1 (fr) 1997-01-31 2003-02-05 Alcatel Méthode pour l'affichage sûr d'un image sur un ecran
US20070046680A1 (en) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Hedrick Geoffrey S Aircraft flat panel display system with improved information availability
WO2009050106A1 (fr) 2007-10-10 2009-04-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de contrôle, dispositif d'affichage et procédé pour vérifier la validité de signaux d'affichage
EP2254039B1 (fr) 2009-05-20 2012-12-12 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Module d'affichage visuel avec contrôle des données d' affichage parmi somme de contrôle
EP2273369B1 (fr) 2009-07-06 2011-11-30 Deuta-Werke GmbH Procédé de représentation d'une information relative à la sécurité sur un dispositif d'affichage et dispositif d'exécution du procédé
EP2353089B1 (fr) 2009-07-06 2012-05-30 Deuta-Werke GmbH Procédé de représentation d'informations relatives à la sécurité sur un afficheur et appareil pour l'application du procédé
WO2012003872A1 (fr) 2010-07-08 2012-01-12 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Dispositif optoélectronique muni d'une électrode souple
EP2439722A1 (fr) 2010-09-20 2012-04-11 Pixy AG Procédé de vérification de données d'affichage pixellisées pour la représentation sur un écran d'appareil d'affichage dans un véhicule

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017125323A1 (fr) * 2016-01-21 2017-07-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif et procédé pour contrôler la validité de données d'image dans un système d'affichage
CN108475488A (zh) * 2016-01-21 2018-08-31 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于检验显示装置中的图像数据的有效性的设备和方法
KR20180102588A (ko) * 2016-01-21 2018-09-17 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 디스플레이 장치에서 이미지 데이터들의 유효성을 검사하는 장치 및 방법
KR102625935B1 (ko) 2016-01-21 2024-01-18 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 디스플레이 장치에서 이미지 데이터들의 유효성을 검사하는 장치 및 방법
WO2018050379A1 (fr) * 2016-09-14 2018-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'un défaut d'affichage d'une image prédéfinie, en particulier d'un symbole d'avertissement, dans un affichage d'un dispositif d'affichage
CN110462629A (zh) * 2017-03-30 2019-11-15 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于识别眼睛和手的系统和方法
CN110462629B (zh) * 2017-03-30 2024-04-02 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于识别眼睛和手的系统和方法
EP3547180A1 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-02 Deuta-Werke GmbH Optimisation de contrôle de sécurité destinée à la présentation de données d'image relatives à la sécurité
EP4052990A1 (fr) * 2021-03-04 2022-09-07 Deuta-Werke GmbH Affichage tête haute fiable dans la cabine du conducteur d'un véhicule ferroviaire

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PL2833349T4 (pl) 2018-11-30
PL2833349T3 (pl) 2018-11-30
DE102013012679A1 (de) 2015-02-05
EP2833349B1 (fr) 2018-04-04

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