EP2828632A1 - Device for optimized pressure sensing for heating channels - Google Patents
Device for optimized pressure sensing for heating channelsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2828632A1 EP2828632A1 EP13712734.6A EP13712734A EP2828632A1 EP 2828632 A1 EP2828632 A1 EP 2828632A1 EP 13712734 A EP13712734 A EP 13712734A EP 2828632 A1 EP2828632 A1 EP 2828632A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- contact
- collar
- seal
- passage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/008—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls for connecting a measuring instrument
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
- F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/0007—Fluidic connecting means
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of pressure measurements on a pipe or a duct of a hydraulic circuit.
- the invention aims to solve these problems, and in particular to minimize these disturbances, more particularly heating channels.
- the technique used consists of welding or screwing a pipe on the wall of the tube in which circulates the fluid whose pressure can be measured.
- This solution is unsatisfactory because it gives rise to deviations from the curve which disturb the measurement and modify the phenomenon studied. In other words, it modifies the local electrical resistance of the heating tube and leads to an axial and azimuthal redistribution of the electric heating current, and therefore of the heat flux.
- the portion of the fluid that is withdrawn is then sent to a channel disposed substantially parallel to the main flow. This results in a complex path of the fluid to be measured.
- the invention firstly relates to a device for measuring the pressure in a tube of a hydraulic circuit, comprising a metal collar provided with n (> 2) contact abutments of electrical insulating material, separated one by one. on the other and intended to come into contact with the wall of said tube, avoiding that the metal of the collar comes into contact with this wall.
- n 3
- the device can be correctly centered.
- One of the contact abutments comprises a passage that connects the inner atmosphere of said tube with pressure measuring means.
- the collar comprises n bores for receiving the n contact abutments.
- the collar comprises an internal groove to allow a limited azimuth clearance of a portion of the contact abutments.
- the different sets of mounting of the contact stops allow them to adjust their position to the tube and not the collar, which allows a good contact regardless of manufacturing tolerances. In other words, the azimuthal play of the stops allows them to turn slightly around the tube.
- Means may be provided for centering the passage with an orifice made in the wall of said tube.
- the contact abutment having a passage which connects the inner atmosphere of said tube with pressure measuring means may comprise a seal or a groove to receive a seal. This seal bears against the surface of the tube.
- the collar comprises 2 parts and means, such as lateral lugs or lateral protuberances, to allow the assembly of these 2 parts in the clamping position around a tube.
- a metal collar provided with n (> 2 or 3) contact abutments of electrical insulating material is applied, by applying said abutments against the wall of said tube and by preventing the metal of the collar from coming into contact with this wall; one of the contact abutments comprising a passage which comes into alignment with one of the pressure measurement orifices of said tube,
- said passage is connected to means for measuring pressure and this pressure is measured.
- the tube is heated by direct Joule effect (in the sense already explained above, this Joule effect applying directly in the sheath), an electric current flowing in the wall of the tube.
- the collar may comprise two parts assembled by means for assembling these two parts in the clamping position around the tube.
- each contact abutment comprises a base, which extends in a direction connected to a body preferably having a width, in a direction substantially perpendicular to said direction, greater than the width of the base in the same direction or in a direction parallel, said direction passing through an outer surface S of the base which constitutes a bearing surface on a tube, when the collar is in position on the latter.
- a pre-centering of the passage is carried out with respect to a pressure measurement orifice of said tube by means of a centering pin introduced into the passage of said stop.
- Measurements can be made at 2 measurement points of a tube by mounting, around this tube, two pressure measuring devices of the type described above. It is thus possible to carry out a differential pressure measurement and / or a pressure gradient measurement along a tube.
- the contact stops are, in addition, preferably of a thermally insulating material.
- the device or collar described above forms an autoclave assembly when in position on a tube of a hydraulic circuit.
- the contact abutment which comprises a passage, comprises:
- a seal for example an O-ring, disposed against a bearing surface of this abutment against a tube, or a groove formed in this surface, designed to receive said seal, which bears against the surface of a tube on which device or collar is to be mounted,
- seals can be chosen so that the radial seal has a diameter greater than the diameter of the seal disposed against a bearing surface of the abutment, or in a groove formed in this surface.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are an example of a device described in the present application.
- FIG. 2 represents the preceding device, in position on the tube of a fluid flow
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show particular aspects of a device as described
- FIGS. 1A and 1B An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be given in conjunction with FIGS. 1A and 1B, FIG. 1B being a sectional view along a plane AA 'of the device of FIG. 1A. This plane AA 'is perpendicular to the plane of this figure 1A.
- a collar 2 for example of the type of a clamp, comprising two parts 4, 6.
- This collar may be made of a metallic material such as stainless steel.
- the inside of the collar defines a circular surface 2 'about an axis CC contained in the plane AA', the inside of each part having the shape of a half-collar.
- These two parts can be assembled by screws 12, 14, and corresponding nuts 12 ', 14'.
- the screws are placed in tapped holes made in lateral lugs or lateral protuberances 7, 9, 7 ', 9' of each half-collar.
- At least one washer 13, 15 can be placed between each nut and the outer surface 70 of the corresponding lateral protuberance.
- a spring washer is used, which contributes to the precision of the clamping of the collar and its insensitivity to differential expansions.
- the lateral protuberances 7, 9, 7 ', 9' are opposite one another. When tightening, they are close to a plane passing through the axis CC, until tightening, while leaving a residual game.
- the collar 2 may have, along the axis CC, a width of between 15 mm and 25 mm, for example about 20 mm. It is intended to comprise, preferably removably, at least three points or pions, or stops 22, 24, 26 of contact or support, of an electrical insulating material with respect to the wall of a tube (or pipe or conduit) 30 on which the collar is mounted, as seen in Figure 2.
- this material is also a thermal insulator: thermally insulating abutments limit thermal losses which leads to a better quality device, thermal losses being often a problem in tests with heating channels.
- the insulating material may for example be Makrolon, for example 30% glass fiber, or a ceramic, for example zirconia.
- the collar bores 22 a, 24 a, 26 a are provided to receive a part, said base 22i, 24i, 26i of each abutment 22, 24, 26, this base extending in a DD direction '(see Figures 1B and 3) and being preferably substantially cylindrical, with a diameter for example between 5 mm and 15 mm, for example still substantially equal to 10 mm.
- This positioning stop system also allows precise centering of the device.
- Each abutment further comprises a body 22 2 , 24 2 , 26 2 which also extends in the direction DD ', but which is delimited laterally:
- the zone of the body 22 2 , 24 2 , 26 2 which is located on the side of the base has a width L, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis DD ', greater than the width I of the base along the same direction or following a parallel direction.
- the axis DD ' passes through an outer surface S 2 , S 4 , S 6 of the body which constitutes a bearing surface on a tube 30, when the collar is in position on the latter.
- This surface therefore has a shape, which can be substantially concave, and which is adapted to the outer surface of the tube 30 to come into contact with and bear against it.
- This outer surface S 2 , S 4 , S 6 will therefore be called the contact surface.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B show that a passage 22 'is made in one of the abutments 22.
- This passage 22' is directed along the axis DD '.
- I l allows to put in contact the internal atmosphere of a tube 30 - in which a bore 32 of pressure tap is realized - and pressure measuring means arranged outside the tube.
- the passage 22 ' is therefore drilled to the diameter adapted to take pressure, it is for example between 1 mm and 5 mm, for example still equal to about 2 mm.
- the tightness of the stopper 22 having this passage can be enhanced with respect to the wall of the tube 30 by a seal 28, for example an O-ring, disposed against the surface S 2 of support of this stop, or at least partly in a throat 280 made in this surface.
- This seal will be compressed by the collar 2 when the latter is in a tight position around the tube 30 (FIG. 2).
- the pressure line may then be connected to a tube inserted into the pressure-taking passage 22 ', for example by being welded or mounted with a standard fitting on the outlet of this tube.
- a carbon seal curved surface
- a flange 23 serves to maintain the base 22i of the abutment 22 which comprises the passage 22 'of pressure tap. This flange bears against a bearing portion 40, preferably flat, of the outer surface of the collar.
- a groove 270 can be made in the base 22i (or on its periphery) to accommodate a seal 27 to be compressed by the nut 25.
- the seal 27 of the radial type is compressed by the nut 25, when the latter is in position; but, independently of its compression, the radial clamping of the seal is defined by its rope diameter, the dimensions of the groove 270 and the internal diameter of the flange 23.
- the abutment 22 is made in such a way that the internal pressure of the tube is applied to the seal 27 of larger diameter than the seal 28, the compression of which is favored accordingly. It may be an autoclave type assembly. This autoclave effect depends solely on the section ratio of one seal to the other, the tube being under pressure, but not necessarily heating.
- the nut 25 has a bore 25 'which allows the end of a pipe 31 to be connected to the pressure measuring means. This pipe is preferably made of stainless steel.
- this duct itself has an end portion 31i made of the same material as the pipe 31.
- This end portion is substantially cylindrical and of diameter equal to that of the end of the base 22i of the abutment 22. It is also inserted into the flange 23, and may also include a groove to accommodate a seal 37 which will be compressed by the flange when the latter is in the fixed position, held tight by the nut 25.
- a duct 3 is defined inside this end portion 31i and the pipe 31; it has substantially the same diameter as the duct 22 'and, during a measurement of pressure, is positioned in front of it, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the assembly constituted by the pipe 31 and its part of end 31i has a reliable seal and adds no disturbance in the heat flow or flow.
- the pipe 31 has, in one example, 6 mm outer diameter (4 mm internal diameter) and is made of stainless steel.
- bores 22a, 24 a, 26 a are provided in the thickness of the collar 2, each in a radial direction thereof. Each bore may receive the central body of one of the stops 22, 24, 26 of contact or support, so that each outer surface S 2 , S 4 , S 6 of contact is turned towards the inside of the collar 2 to come into contact with the outer surface of the tube 30 enclosed by the collar.
- the electrically insulating nature of the material constituting the stops makes it possible not to put in contact metal parts, on the one hand of the collar and on the other hand of a channel on which it is mounted. This aspect is particularly interesting for a channel in which a current flows or when this channel is under electrical voltage.
- the 3 stops are arranged at substantially 120 ° from each other, which allows a balanced configuration of the bearing forces on a surface of a tube 30 enclosed in the collar.
- Other configurations can be realized.
- a system with 4 stops can also be implemented.
- a groove 10 ' is provided in the periphery of the collar.
- the wall of the tube 30 is pierced with a hole or bore 32, 42, preferably at the minimum diameter compatible with the requirements (for example 0.5 mm), at which the diameter of the bore made in the stop 22 is then substantially identical.
- a sufficiently small diameter of a few tenths of a millimeter, for example between 0.1 mm and 0.8 mm, is preferred to induce a negligible disturbance in the local electrical resistance of a tube 30, when this it is heating.
- the means 31i, 31 make it possible to connect the outlet of each piercing 32 to a pressure line.
- a removable centering pin 230 shown schematically in FIG. , allows this centering during clamping of the collar on the tube. According to the illustrated example, it comprises:
- a body 231 for example with a length li of approximately 40 mm; its diameter is adapted to that of the bore 22 ', for example about 2 mm,
- an end or a pin 232 for example of a length l 2 of approximately 2 mm; its diameter is adapted to that of a pressure-taking orifice 32 made in a tube 30 (see FIG. 2), for example approximately 0.5 mm.
- This pin is inserted into the bore 22 'of the abutment 22, and its end is held against the wall of the tube 30 until it can penetrate into the bore 32 of pressure measurement.
- the bore 22 'of the abutment 22 is then aligned with this last, and the stop 22 is in the measuring position.
- the centering pin is removed and the pressure line is connected, the clamping of the collar being independent of that of the nut 25 and the centering pin being able to pass through the pipe 31.
- This type of device is suitable for an installation dedicated to research on a two-phase flow in a heating channel, in particular of the type heated by direct Joule effect (an electric current circulating in its wall).
- This type of device is also adapted to a pressure gradient measurement at 2 points spaced by a distance z, as illustrated in FIG.
- a bore 32, 42 for a pressure measurement.
- a collar, or assembly, 2 as described above is placed in position around the pipe 30, at each of the bores 32, 42.
- 2 collars it is possible to carry out 2 simultaneous pressure measurements. From such measurements, a pressure gradient between the two measuring points of the flow can be quickly known. In other words, accurate and sensitive differential pressure measurements can be made to provide information on the local pressure gradient in various flow regimes.
- the seal 18 is made of elastomer and the metal collar 10 is designed for the appropriate clamping pressure, the stops 22, 24, 26 constituting the contact points being made in Makrolon.
- the seal 18 is preferably carbon or annealed copper and the contact abutments 22, 24, 26 are made of ceramic type alumina or zirconia.
- the abutments are preferably zirconia, better thermal insulator than alumina.
- a device as described above can be adapted to different temperature ranges that can be encountered in different environments. measured.
- the material of the abutments 22, 24, 26 removable can be adapted depending on the temperature.
- the mounting collar 2 according to the invention makes it possible to achieve expansion compensation, especially in the event of significant variations in temperature to the same extent.
- Such a device can also be easily positioned around a tube 30, the alignment being greatly facilitated by the implementation of the stops 22, 24, 26, and the clamping being carried out using the fixing means arranged in side tabs as shown in Figure 1A.
- measurements were made on a tube, in which a fluid containing Freon 134A circulates, as heat transfer fluid, at a pressure of 30 bars, and at 110 ° C.
- the heating channel is a tube of 19, 2 mm outer diameter, heated by direct Joule effect, by an electric current flowing in the wall.
- the coolant may be water, flowing with a mass flow rate between 0.5 and 5 mg / s / m 2 at a temperature of at least 20 ° C, conveying a power understood by example between 0.5 and 3 MW / m 2 at a pressure between 20 and 200 bar.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1252522A FR2988471B1 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2012-03-21 | OPTIMIZED PRESSURE TAKING DEVICE FOR HEATING CHANNELS |
PCT/EP2013/055515 WO2013139722A1 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2013-03-18 | Device for optimized pressure sensing for heating channels |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2828632A1 true EP2828632A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
EP2828632B1 EP2828632B1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
Family
ID=48013955
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13712734.6A Not-in-force EP2828632B1 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2013-03-18 | Device for optimized pressure sensing for heating channels |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9765802B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2828632B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2015516567A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20150010715A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2988471B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013139722A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105074408B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2017-04-19 | 株式会社富士金 | Structure for attaching pressure detector |
Family Cites Families (27)
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FR980482A (en) | 1948-12-17 | 1951-05-15 | Brake adjustment | |
US2705158A (en) | 1950-10-12 | 1955-03-29 | Dresser Ind | Electrically insulated pipe saddle coupling |
US3233920A (en) | 1963-02-27 | 1966-02-08 | Mueller Co | Insulated pipe joint |
NL139590B (en) | 1963-07-25 | 1973-08-15 | Bagnulo Luigi | INSULATING CONNECTION BETWEEN METAL PIPES. |
FR1447919A (en) | 1964-01-09 | 1966-08-05 | Insulating support collar for insulated underground metal pipes | |
US3370856A (en) * | 1965-01-05 | 1968-02-27 | Textron Inc | Fluid seals for abrasive material |
US3810175A (en) * | 1972-01-17 | 1974-05-07 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Along track terrain avoidance contouring system |
US3746370A (en) | 1972-06-01 | 1973-07-17 | Sun Oil Co | Sealing device for nipples |
JPS5327017Y2 (en) | 1972-06-28 | 1978-07-08 | ||
NL161565C (en) | 1973-09-14 | 1980-02-15 | Polva Nederland Bv | BRANCHING FROM A PLASTIC HEADLINE TO A SERVICE LINE. |
GB1512546A (en) | 1974-10-01 | 1978-06-01 | Francis R | Pipe tapping bands |
JPS5430273A (en) | 1977-08-10 | 1979-03-06 | Takashi Ishikawa | Decorative board and its making method |
JPS6011480Y2 (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1985-04-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | pressure detector |
EP0310601B1 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1990-03-14 | Bkm Bolender-Kubitz Maschinenkonstruktion Gmbh | Device for connecting a pressure-gauge to a pipeline |
FR2678350B1 (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1993-09-24 | Setha | COLLAR OF SUPPORT ON CEMENT PIPE CORE IN SHEET. |
US5199297A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-06 | Anheuser-Busch, Incorporated | Thin walled can temperature and pressure monitoring device and method |
FR2730545B1 (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1997-03-28 | Bio Merieux | FROZEN STATIC VALVE AND PROCESSING ENCLOSURE CONTROLLED BY AT LEAST ONE VALVE |
US6744268B2 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2004-06-01 | The Micromanipulator Company, Inc. | High resolution analytical probe station |
JP3454193B2 (en) | 1999-07-08 | 2003-10-06 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Hydraulic fitting |
US6390670B1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2002-05-21 | Pgi International Ltd. | Temperature sensing device for metering fluids |
GB0123968D0 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2001-11-28 | Lattice Intellectual Property | Tee connection to a pipeline |
DE10210313B4 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2004-07-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | sensor assembly |
US6996976B2 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2006-02-14 | Cleaire Advanced Emmision Controls | Apparatus and method for mounting a device to a pipe |
US6918312B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2005-07-19 | Kendro Laboratory Products Lp | Validation device and method |
FR2874075B1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2007-11-09 | Espa Sarl | FLUID TRANSPORT TUBE |
US9188260B2 (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2015-11-17 | Nibco Inc. | Crimp evident seal |
JP3160345U (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2010-06-24 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Flow control unit |
-
2012
- 2012-03-21 FR FR1252522A patent/FR2988471B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-03-18 US US14/386,150 patent/US9765802B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-03-18 KR KR20147029491A patent/KR20150010715A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-03-18 JP JP2015500864A patent/JP2015516567A/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-03-18 WO PCT/EP2013/055515 patent/WO2013139722A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-18 EP EP13712734.6A patent/EP2828632B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013139722A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2988471A1 (en) | 2013-09-27 |
JP2015516567A (en) | 2015-06-11 |
EP2828632B1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
KR20150010715A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
US9765802B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 |
FR2988471B1 (en) | 2014-05-09 |
US20150107351A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
WO2013139722A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
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