EP2824355A1 - Beschichtete Federn als Sonderlösung zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen - Google Patents

Beschichtete Federn als Sonderlösung zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2824355A1
EP2824355A1 EP13175815.3A EP13175815A EP2824355A1 EP 2824355 A1 EP2824355 A1 EP 2824355A1 EP 13175815 A EP13175815 A EP 13175815A EP 2824355 A1 EP2824355 A1 EP 2824355A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
coating
springs
damping element
damping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13175815.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gabriela Simbierowicz
Antti Saarelainen
Panu Ihalainen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
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Kone Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corp filed Critical Kone Corp
Priority to EP13175815.3A priority Critical patent/EP2824355A1/de
Publication of EP2824355A1 publication Critical patent/EP2824355A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
    • F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
    • F16F3/10—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction
    • F16F3/12—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction the steel spring being in contact with the rubber spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/024—Covers or coatings therefor

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to damping elements for the reduction of resonances in machinery assemblies.
  • the resonances of the machinery parts of the same mechanical structure are influenced by a large range of loads, leads, roping options and operation speeds.
  • the entire structure of the motor or the whole machinery assembly could be calculated beforehand.
  • the general solution is not offering enough accuracy.
  • the resonance-frequencies depend on the speed of the car, the actual load, the length of the roping and the movement in the interior of the car. The exact calculation of the influence of all these items to the resonance-frequency or resonance-frequencies is nearly not possible.
  • the resonance frequencies of a part of the machine assembly inevitably shifts if external influences change or if the car actually moves. Thus, if one resonance frequency is excluded by a computed layout, other resonance frequencies may appear in the operation of the real machinery.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages and to provide damping elements optimizing a machinery assembly in regard to the reduction of resonances during operation.
  • a damping element according to the present invention comprises at least one spring-element that is coated with at least one coating-layer (coated spring).
  • Every body made of a material has a certain spring constant k, at least while used in the normal regions of force. Normally, this spring constant results from Hookes Law based on a proportionality between external force F and change of length ⁇ L.
  • F and ⁇ L are not exactly proportional.
  • a spring constant k could also be assigned to these bodies.
  • This spring constant then is an average value of all sub-spring constants dk over the interval of force that may be applied to this body while used normally.
  • the term 'normally' means that the force that is applied lies between 0 and a force that would lead to the destruction of the body or at least to regions where the deformation of the body is irreversible. The skilled person knows, which material is suitable for which force.
  • the spring constant of a spring k(spring) is either well known from the technical papers of the spring or may easily be calculated.
  • the 'whole interval of force' is the region of force between 0 and the maximal admissible force for the certain spring.
  • the spring constant of the coating k(coating) is either well known from the technical papers or may easily be calculated. If an average has to be calculated, this average is calculate for the whole interval of force, or preferably between 10% and 90%, especially between 30 and 70%, of the whole interval of force.
  • the advantageous effect of the present invention lies in the special combination of spring and coating.
  • the coated springs combine the advantages of springs, shifting resonances and enduring high temperatures and many cycles of deformation, and the advantages of rubber, namely the good damping effect.
  • the invention combines the advantage of shifting frequencies with the advantage of diminishing the amplitudes of forced vibrations.
  • the coating material characteristics are delaying and decreasing the response of the springs.
  • the coating of the actual spring-elements differs from coatings preventing corrosion.
  • the coating applies a measurable damping effect to the movement of the spring-elements.
  • the resultant spring constant k(spring) of all spring-elements of the damping element is greater than the spring constant k(coating) of the complete coating, particularly more than 100 times greater, preferably more than 1000 times greater, especially more than 10000 times greater. This has the advantage that the spring elements bear most of the deformation energy.
  • the resultant damping ratio (or 'damping factor') c(spring) of all spring elements of the damping element is smaller than the resultant damping ratio c(coating) of the complete coating, particularly more than 100 times smaller, preferably more than 10000 times smaller.
  • damping of the spring is smaller than 4 dB, preferably smaller than 10 dB, especially smaller than 20 dB. This has the advantage that the coating is able to effectively damp the movement of the spring-elements.
  • Preferred spring-elements are elements selected from the group compression springs, torsion springs, tension springs, wire shaped springs, flat section springs and disk-compressing-springs.
  • Preferred spring shapes are selected from the group comprising helical springs (coil springs), balance springs, leaf springs, V-springs, Belleville springs, spring washers, torsion springs and wave springs.
  • the spring shape is lamellar (e.g. disk-compressing-springs). This shape is advantageous to be used in a limited space. These springs could fit into flat parts of a machinery, for example the machinery of a hoisting system like an elevator.
  • the spring may also comprise or consist of plastic material and/or fiber-material.
  • the spring-element consists of or comprises spring steel.
  • the coating preferably comprises elastic materials and is applied on the surface of at least one of the spring elements, especially all of the spring elements of the damping element.
  • the respective spring elements may be coated on one side, two or more adjacent or opposite sides or all sides, where a complete coating on all sides of the respective spring elements is preferred.
  • the coating comprises or is made of an elastic material with the mass proportional Rayleigh damping coefficient ⁇ lying between 6 s -1 and 16 s -1 , preferably between 10 s -1 and 12 s -1 , and/or the stiffness proportional Rayleigh damping coefficient of the coating ⁇ lying between 0.0001 s -1 and 0.0004 s -1 , preferably between 0.0002 s -1 and 0.0003 s -1 .
  • Preferred materials are materials are elastomers, especially comprising elements of the group natural Polyisoprene, synthetic Polyisoprene, Polybutadiene, Chloroprene rubber, Butyl rubber, Styrene-butadiene rubber, Nitrile rubber, Ethylene Propylene rubber, Epichlorohydrin rubber, Polyacrylic rubber, Silicone rubber, Fluorosilicone rubber, Fluoroelastomers, Perfluoroelastomers, Polyether Block Amides, Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene, and Ethylene-vinyl Acetate.
  • the coating comprises rubber.
  • stiffness and damping may vary with frequency, load or temperature.
  • the Rayleigh formulation is suitable for these materials and the above mentioned damping factor can be used to compare the material with the damping factor of the spring.
  • the influence of the temperature in the non-linear case it is especially set to room temperature or the temperature of the respective part of the machine assembly.
  • the essential comparison of the values should be valid in regard to this temperature or temperature-ranges.
  • the influence of the oscillation-frequency in the non-linear case it is especially set to the region of 1 Hz to 100 Hz in the case of movement of a car of a lift or from 20Hz to 20kHz for vibro-acoustics.
  • the essential comparison of the values should be valid in regard to this frequency or frequency-ranges.
  • At least one damping element is used as damping element in a machinery assembly.
  • At least one coated spring is arranged in at least one certain critical area in the machinery.
  • At least one coated spring is especially arranged between the stator and the frame and/or between the motor and the lower bedplate and/or between the motor and any other supporting/mounting structure.
  • at least one coated spring is especially arranged between the car and sling on the bottom and/or on the top interface.
  • the present invention can be implemented e.g. in hoisting machines comprising motors with resonances for a certain speed, roping and load in car.
  • a preferred damping element comprising a helical spring element 1 that is coated with a coating material 2.
  • the spring forms the core of the damping element and the coating is arranged around the spring element.
  • Figure 2 shows an intersection of a preferred damping element comprising a lamellar spring element 1 that is coated with a coating material 2. This element can be used to damp machinery parts providing only small room for damping elements.
EP13175815.3A 2013-07-09 2013-07-09 Beschichtete Federn als Sonderlösung zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen Withdrawn EP2824355A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13175815.3A EP2824355A1 (de) 2013-07-09 2013-07-09 Beschichtete Federn als Sonderlösung zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13175815.3A EP2824355A1 (de) 2013-07-09 2013-07-09 Beschichtete Federn als Sonderlösung zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2824355A1 true EP2824355A1 (de) 2015-01-14

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EP13175815.3A Withdrawn EP2824355A1 (de) 2013-07-09 2013-07-09 Beschichtete Federn als Sonderlösung zur Vermeidung von Resonanzen

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EP (1) EP2824355A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107855390A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-30 浙江骏马弹簧制造有限公司 一种用于联轴器的蛇形弹簧及其生产工艺
RU2673435C2 (ru) * 2015-08-21 2018-11-26 Владимир Владимирович Харин Гибридная пневматическая пружина
CN109575380A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-04-05 株洲飞马橡胶实业有限公司 一种高阻尼、高耐磨、低蠕变的异戊橡胶及其制备方法和应用
WO2022013529A1 (en) * 2020-07-14 2022-01-20 Techflow Marine Limited Hose end valve

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5395456A (en) * 1977-02-01 1978-08-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Silent spring
DE7809523U1 (de) * 1978-03-31 1982-07-15 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schraubenfeder
US4753423A (en) * 1985-06-03 1988-06-28 Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd Synthetic resin-coated spring and method for making same
US4763882A (en) * 1984-05-21 1988-08-16 Nhk Spring Co., Ltd. Coated coil spring
US20020190453A1 (en) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-19 Colder Products Company Coated spring and method of making the same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5395456A (en) * 1977-02-01 1978-08-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Silent spring
DE7809523U1 (de) * 1978-03-31 1982-07-15 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schraubenfeder
US4763882A (en) * 1984-05-21 1988-08-16 Nhk Spring Co., Ltd. Coated coil spring
US4753423A (en) * 1985-06-03 1988-06-28 Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd Synthetic resin-coated spring and method for making same
US20020190453A1 (en) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-19 Colder Products Company Coated spring and method of making the same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2673435C2 (ru) * 2015-08-21 2018-11-26 Владимир Владимирович Харин Гибридная пневматическая пружина
CN107855390A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-30 浙江骏马弹簧制造有限公司 一种用于联轴器的蛇形弹簧及其生产工艺
CN107855390B (zh) * 2017-10-30 2019-04-19 浙江骏马弹簧制造有限公司 一种用于联轴器的蛇形弹簧及其生产工艺
CN109575380A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-04-05 株洲飞马橡胶实业有限公司 一种高阻尼、高耐磨、低蠕变的异戊橡胶及其制备方法和应用
WO2022013529A1 (en) * 2020-07-14 2022-01-20 Techflow Marine Limited Hose end valve

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