EP2821698A1 - In einer Primärbrennkammer eines Vergaserkessels für feste Biomasse angeordnete rohrförmige Sekundärbrennkammer - Google Patents

In einer Primärbrennkammer eines Vergaserkessels für feste Biomasse angeordnete rohrförmige Sekundärbrennkammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2821698A1
EP2821698A1 EP14386010.4A EP14386010A EP2821698A1 EP 2821698 A1 EP2821698 A1 EP 2821698A1 EP 14386010 A EP14386010 A EP 14386010A EP 2821698 A1 EP2821698 A1 EP 2821698A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
tube
combustion
primary combustion
boiler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14386010.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Aristidis Afentoulidis
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2821698A1 publication Critical patent/EP2821698A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F23B10/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers including separate secondary combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for guiding the flow of flue gases, e.g. baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/34—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water chamber arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber or chambers, e.g. above or at side
    • F24H1/36—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water chamber arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber or chambers, e.g. above or at side the water chamber including one or more fire tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler
    • F24H2230/02—Solid and fluid fuel fired boilers

Definitions

  • the solid biofuels combustion takes place in three basic styles. Firstly at the upper combustion ( deviser Abbrand), in accordance with figure 1 , the interjacent combustion (Durchbrand), figure 3 and the down or reverse combustion (unterer Abbrand ), figure 6 .
  • the combustion of solid biofuels is a heterogeneous process carried out and separated into distinct stages. As to the venue of combustion, this is separated into primary and secondary.
  • the primary combustion takes place on grille and refers directly to the solid biofuel.
  • the rate of the primary combustion shall be determined directly from the primary air supply, i.e. from the imported air in the primary combustion chamber.
  • the entry of the primary air is done either on the grille, cases of upper combustion figure 1 and reverse combustion figure 6 , or through the grille, case of interjacent combustion figure 3 .
  • the exhaust gases produced during the primary combustion mostly contain combustible gases, such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. These exhaust gases need to be burned further in the secondary combustion chamber by using the secondary air. Therefore the secondary combustion refers to the exhaust gases, produced by the primary combustion and not directly to the solid biofuel.
  • Temperature, Turbulence and Time i.e. a high temperature is required in the secondary combustion chamber (Temperature), sufficient exhaust turbulence for mixing them with the secondary air (Turbulence) and sufficient delay time in the secondary combustion chamber (Time).
  • FIGS. 2 , 4 and 7 representative boilers are presented, based on the three basic styles of combustion as follows, in figure 2 a boiler of upper combustion, in figure 4 a boiler of interjacent combustion and in figure 7 a boiler of reverse combustion All boilers, figures 2 , 4 , 7 , are divided into three particular parts, the primary combustion chamber (3), bounded by the space that includes the combusted material along with the flaming exhaust, the secondary combustion chamber (2), bounded by the area that receives the fuel combustion exhaust gases from the primary chamber and running the ignition and combustion and the exhaust gas heat exchanger (1), bounded by the area that receives the exhaust gases from the secondary chamber and which brings them into contact with the surfaces of heat transaction of the boiler.
  • the primary combustion chamber (3) bounded by the space that includes the combusted material along with the flaming exhaust
  • the secondary combustion chamber (2) bounded by the area that receives the fuel combustion exhaust gases from the primary chamber and running the ignition and combustion and the exhaust gas heat exchanger (1), bounded by the area that receive
  • the combusted solid biofuel (4) is located in each case, within the primary combustion chamber, where the already pyrolized biofuel (5) namely incandescent coals is located on the base.
  • the position of entering the primary air is marked with "P” and that of the secondary air with "S.”
  • the upper combustion and the interjacent combustion boiler are characterized, as it is obvious in the figures 2 and 4 , by the lack of a well framed secondary chamber. In that case the secondary combustion takes place in sequence with the primary one, but at a higher level in the primary combustion chamber.
  • the unclear distinction between the two chambers is a disadvantage indeed, where the three rules of successfully combustion, namely Temperature, Turbulence and Time would be difficult to meet. The burning success considerably depends also on the type and quality of the biofuel.
  • a solid biofuel boiler of upper or interjacent combustion type is used, with a secondary combustion chamber located in the primary combustion chamber, consisting of a temperature resistance non insulated tube, in which the primary combustion gases are compulsory entering, as well as the secondary air, so ultimately takes place in the tube the secondary combustion.
  • Figure 8 shows a representative upper combustion type boiler in accordance with the invention; while in figure 9 respectively an interjacent combustion type boiler is presented, according again to the invention.
  • the parts of the boiler according to the invention are the same, namely the primary combustion chamber (3), bounded by the space that includes the combusted material along with the flaming exhaust, the secondary combustion chamber (2), bounded by the tube according to the invention, that receives the fuel combustion exhaust gases from the primary chamber and running the ignition and combustion, the exhaust gas heat exchanger (1), bounded by the area that receives the exhaust gases from the secondary chamber and brings them into contact with the surfaces of heat transaction of the boiler, the combusted solid biofuel material (4) which is already within the primary combustion chamber and the already pyrolized biofuel (5), namely incandescent coals.
  • the position of entry of the primary air is marked with "P” and that of the secondary air with “S.”
  • the secondary tube combustion chamber is dimensioned in cross-section and length according to the heat power and the solid biofuel type of each boiler.
  • the use of the secondary tube combustion chamber (2) rapidly improves the combustion performance of an interjacent or upper brand boiler type, while simultaneously satisfies the conditions of successful combustion, i.e.Temperature, since it's heated externally by the pyrolized mass and the combustion gases, Turbulence, since passing the exhaust gases within the narrow and long tube are compulsory mixed with the secondary combustion air and finally Time, since the tube has adequate length to offer to the combustion enough time.
  • the secondary air should enter the tube as a jet at a high speed, or as multiple jets, in order to achieve good mixing with the exhaust gases.
  • the entry of the secondary tube chamber (2), as shown in the figures 8 and 9 is close to the walls of the primary combustion chamber and at a short distance from them so the incoming secondary air "S" enters immediately and without losses in the tube.
  • the exhaust gases, after burning secondary in the tube chamber (2), are driven to the heat exchanger of the boiler (1).
  • the secondary tube combustion chamber (2) within the primary combustion chamber (3), must show the maximum outer surface, free and coming into contact with the hot exhaust gas, the flames and the combusted biofuel (4) and (5) of the primary combustion.
  • the required length of the tube (2) is greater than the length of the primary combustion chamber (3), so it is extended within the primary combustion chamber in every possible way and always under the criterion of maximum external surface for heat transaction.
  • figure 10 there is the possibility of placing part of the tube on its finished edge, in an independent place within the primary combustion chamber, point (6) of figure (10 ), servicing purposes of planning and mechanical protection of the tube.
  • the other parts of the boiler in figure (10 ) follow the same labels as all other boilers of this description, i.e. position (1) exhaust gas exchanger, position (2) secondary combustion chamber - tube according the invention, location (3) primary combustion chamber, position (4) combusted solid biofuel, position (5) incandescent coals.
  • the secondary tube combustion chamber which can bring internal layout to improve exhaust turbulence is profiled to circular, rectangular or ellipsoid, orthogonal, diamond or even can alter its cross-section in terms of shape and surface.
  • a controlled exhaust gas recirculation out of the secondary tube chamber to the primary combustion chamber (3) may be created, a recirculation that under specific terms and conditions may be desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP14386010.4A 2013-05-01 2014-04-28 In einer Primärbrennkammer eines Vergaserkessels für feste Biomasse angeordnete rohrförmige Sekundärbrennkammer Withdrawn EP2821698A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR2013100270 2013-05-01

Publications (1)

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EP2821698A1 true EP2821698A1 (de) 2015-01-07

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EP14386010.4A Withdrawn EP2821698A1 (de) 2013-05-01 2014-04-28 In einer Primärbrennkammer eines Vergaserkessels für feste Biomasse angeordnete rohrförmige Sekundärbrennkammer

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EP (1) EP2821698A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU185863U1 (ru) * 2018-06-15 2018-12-20 Марк Семенович Солонин Отопительное устройство
WO2018231098A1 (ru) 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Марк СОЛОНИН Отопительное устройство на древесном топливе
EP3434975A4 (de) * 2016-03-21 2019-11-20 Seong Woo Kim Brennkammer für verschiedenartige fester brennstoffe
US10871285B2 (en) 2016-09-15 2020-12-22 Pyroheat Oü Pyrolysis boiler
DE102020103807B3 (de) * 2020-02-13 2021-05-06 Nils Ole Dauskardt Brenneinrichtung
WO2023041599A1 (de) * 2021-09-14 2023-03-23 Nils Ole Dauskardt Brenneinrichtung mit schüttgutschicht zur reduzierung von feinstaub

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2503835A1 (fr) * 1981-04-13 1982-10-15 Meniers Michael Nouvelle chaudiere pour la combustion complete et controlee de charbon ou de bois
DE102009038242A1 (de) * 2009-08-20 2011-02-24 Het Heiz- & Energietechnik Entwicklungs Gmbh Holzvergaserkessel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2503835A1 (fr) * 1981-04-13 1982-10-15 Meniers Michael Nouvelle chaudiere pour la combustion complete et controlee de charbon ou de bois
DE102009038242A1 (de) * 2009-08-20 2011-02-24 Het Heiz- & Energietechnik Entwicklungs Gmbh Holzvergaserkessel

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3434975A4 (de) * 2016-03-21 2019-11-20 Seong Woo Kim Brennkammer für verschiedenartige fester brennstoffe
US10890321B2 (en) 2016-03-21 2021-01-12 Seong Woo Kim Combustor for various types of solid fuels
US10871285B2 (en) 2016-09-15 2020-12-22 Pyroheat Oü Pyrolysis boiler
WO2018231098A1 (ru) 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Марк СОЛОНИН Отопительное устройство на древесном топливе
RU185863U1 (ru) * 2018-06-15 2018-12-20 Марк Семенович Солонин Отопительное устройство
DE102020103807B3 (de) * 2020-02-13 2021-05-06 Nils Ole Dauskardt Brenneinrichtung
WO2023041599A1 (de) * 2021-09-14 2023-03-23 Nils Ole Dauskardt Brenneinrichtung mit schüttgutschicht zur reduzierung von feinstaub

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