EP2820277A1 - Piston cooling arrangement and cylinder liner - Google Patents

Piston cooling arrangement and cylinder liner

Info

Publication number
EP2820277A1
EP2820277A1 EP13712819.5A EP13712819A EP2820277A1 EP 2820277 A1 EP2820277 A1 EP 2820277A1 EP 13712819 A EP13712819 A EP 13712819A EP 2820277 A1 EP2820277 A1 EP 2820277A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder liner
piston
cooling
cooling medium
cooling oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13712819.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2820277B1 (en
Inventor
Hannu Nurmi
Jorma KUITUNEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Finland Oy
Original Assignee
Wartsila Finland Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Finland Oy filed Critical Wartsila Finland Oy
Publication of EP2820277A1 publication Critical patent/EP2820277A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2820277B1 publication Critical patent/EP2820277B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
    • F01P3/10—Cooling by flow of coolant through pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/16—Cylinder liners of wet type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F02F3/225—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid the liquid being directed into blind holes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also concerns a cylinder liner for a piston engine in accordance with the preamble of the other independent claim.
  • Piston cooling in large medium speed engines is typically arranged through drillings in the crankshaft, connecting rods and gudgeon pins.
  • piston cooling is often implemented by utilizing oil jets. Jet cooling is advantageous also in medium speed engines, since it omits the need for oil drillings in the crank gear components and allows thus higher loading and lower manufacturing costs.
  • the cooling arrangement is provided with a separate oil system for piston cooling. Oil injection nozzles for spraying the cooling oil are arranged inside the engine block. Through the injection nozzles, the oil is sprayed onto the bottom side of each piston.
  • the piston skirt is provided with a space for receiving the oil. Drillings from the oil receiving space lead into a piston crown cooling gallery.
  • a drawback of the present piston cooling arrangements is that the spraying distance is relatively long, which has an adverse effect on the functioning of the cooling system.
  • the cooling arrangements may also be challenging to implement, since the space inside the engine block and especially below the cylinders is limited because of the moving connecting rods and counterweights.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston of an internal combustion engine.
  • the piston is arranged inside a cylinder liner of the engine and comprises a piston crown and a piston skirt.
  • the characterizing features of the piston cooling arrangement according to the present invention are given in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • Another object of the invention is to pro- vide an improved cylinder liner for a piston engine.
  • the characterizing features of the cylinder liner are given in the characterizing part of the other independent claim.
  • the cooling arrangement comprises a cooling oil gallery that is arranged at least partly inside the piston crown, a cooling medium injector for injecting cooling oil into a space between the piston and the cylinder liner below the piston crown, an opening that is arranged on the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery for introducing the cooling oil from the space below the piston crown into the cooling oil gallery, and a cooling medium duct for supplying the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector.
  • the cooling medium injector is arranged inside the cylinder at such a height that the tip of the cooling medium injector is above the center axis of the gudgeon pin of the piston when the piston is at bottom dead center.
  • the cooling medium injector is arranged close to the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery, the spraying distance is short and the cooling effect of the cooling oil is improved.
  • the tip of the injector is above the whole gudgeon pin when the piston is at bottom dead center.
  • the piston is a box-type piston, where the piston skirt is open in the direction of the gudgeon pin.
  • the cooling medium injector is arranged to protrude into the cylinder in the direction of the gudgeon pin. With a box-type piston, the cooling medium injector can be fastened directly to the cylinder liner and located close to the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery.
  • part of the cooling medium duct is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner.
  • the lower end surface of the cylinder liner is provided with an opening for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct inside the wall of the cylinder liner.
  • the arrangement comprises a drilling in the engine block for in-ducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct inside the wall of the cylinder liner. If the cooling medium duct is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner, the need for separate pipes can be eliminated. By arranging the drilling in the lower radial support of the cylinder liner, the cooling oil can be used also as dampening medium for reducing wear and fretting of the contact surfaces between the engine block and the cylinder liner.
  • the cylinder liner is provided with an opening on its outer surface, which opening is arranged against a supporting surface of the engine block for introducing cooling oil into the cooling medium duct.
  • the supporting surface of the engine block is arranged to support the lower end of the cylinder liner in the radial direction.
  • the arrangement comprises a volume between the engine block and the cylinder liner, from which volume the cooling oil is introduced to the cooling medium injector.
  • the cooling oil can thus also be used as dampening and cooling medium for the cylinder liner. Effective cooling of the cylinder liner can thus be achieved and because of the dampening effect, wear and fretting between the engine block and cylinder liner surfaces is also reduced.
  • the cylinder liner according to the invention comprises a cooling medium duct that is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner and an opening that is arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder liner and in fluid communication with the cooling medium duct for supplying cooling oil to a cooling medium injector and further to a piston of the engine.
  • the outer surface of the cylinder liner is provided with an opening for introducing cooling oil into the cooling medium duct, the opening being arrangeable against a surface that is arranged in an engine block for supporting the lower end of the cylinder liner in the radial direction.
  • the opening on the inner surface of the cylinder liner is at such a height that the tip of the cooling medium injector can be arranged above the center axis of the gudgeon pin of the piston when the piston is at bottom dead center.
  • At least part of the cooling medium duct inside the wall of the cylinder liner is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner.
  • Fig. 1 shows a piston cooling arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken along line A-A.
  • Fig. 3 shows a piston cooling arrangement according to another embodiment of the in- vention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a piston cooling arrangement according to still another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG 1 a cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston 2 of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the piston 2 is at bottom dead center.
  • the engine where the piston cooling arrangement is used is a large medium or high speed internal combustion engine.
  • the engine can be used, for instance, as a main or an auxiliary engine of a ship, or at a power plant for producing electricity.
  • the engine can be provided with any reasonable number of cylinders, which can be arranged for example in line or in a V-configuration.
  • Each cylinder of the engine is provided with a cylinder liner 1.
  • the cylinder liner 1 is arranged in an engine block 12.
  • the upper end of the cylinder liner 1 is provided with a collar 18, which rests against the upper surface of the engine block 12.
  • the engine block 12 comprises a pro- trusion 19, which extends towards the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner 1 and supports the upper end of the cylinder liner 1 in the radial direction.
  • a second protrusion 13 forms a lower radial support for supporting the lower end of the cylinder liner 1 in the radial direction.
  • the piston 2 is arranged inside the cylinder.
  • the piston comprises a piston crown 2a and a piston skirt 2b.
  • the piston 2 is connected to a connecting rod 3 with a gudgeon pin 4.
  • the piston 2 is a so-called box-type piston, where the piston skirt 2b is open in the direction of the gudgeon pin 4. An empty space 10 is thus formed below the piston crown 2a between the cylinder liner 1 and the piston 2 at both ends of the gudgeon pin 4.
  • the engine For cooling the piston 2, the engine is provided with a cooling arrangement.
  • the cooling arrangement is used for introducing cooling oil onto the bottom surface of the piston 2 and further into a cooling oil gallery 7 that is arranged at the upper end of the piston 2 and at least partly inside the piston crown 2a.
  • the cooling arrangement comprises a cooling medium injector 5 that is arranged inside the cylinder.
  • a cooling oil pump (not shown) is connected with a cooling medium duct 6 to the cooling medium injector 5 for supplying the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector 5.
  • the cooling medium injector 5 is located at such a height inside the cylinder that when the piston 2 is at bottom dead center, the tip 5a of the cooling medium injector 5 is above the center axis of the gudgeon pin 4.
  • the tip 5a of the cooling medium injector 5 is above the whole gudgeon pin 4. Since the cooling medium injector 5 is located close to the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery 7, short spraying distance and effective cooling is enabled.
  • the cooling oil is injected into the space 10 between the cylinder liner 1 and the piston 2 below the piston crown 2a.
  • the cooling medium injector 5 is arranged to inject the cooling oil towards the upper part of the piston 2. From the space 10 below the piston crown 2a, the cooling oil can flow into the cooling oil gallery 7 through an opening 8 that is arranged in the bottom of the cooling oil gallery 7.
  • the cooling medium duct 6 is arranged partly inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1. With this arrangement, the need for separate pipes can be reduced.
  • the cooling medium injector 5 is arranged to protrude from the wall of the cylinder liner 1 into the cylinder in the direction of the gudgeon pin 4. However, it is also possible that the cooling medium injector 5 protrudes into the cylinder in a differ- ent angle.
  • the cooling medium injector 5 can also be offset from the center line of the gudgeon pin 4.
  • the cooling medium injector 5 is L-shaped, and the open end of the cooling medium injector 5 points towards the cylinder head.
  • the cooling oil spray is thus directed at the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery 7.
  • the lower end of the cylinder liner 1 is provided with an opening 9 for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct 6 inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1.
  • the opening 9 is on an end surface of the cylinder liner 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown also a second cooling medium injector 5' .
  • a second cooling medium duct 6' is arranged partly inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1 for connecting the second cooling medium injector 5' to the cooling oil pump.
  • the cooling oil is introduced into the second cooling medium duct 6' inside the wall of cylinder liner 1 through a drilling 11 in the lower radial support 13 of the cylinder liner 1.
  • the cylinder liner 1 is provided with an opening 17, which is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder liner 1.
  • the opening 17 is arranged against the surface of the engine block, which surface supports the lower end of the cylinder liner 1 in the radial direction.
  • the opening 17 is aligned with the drilling 11 of the engine block 12.
  • a seal 21 is arranged between the cylinder liner 1 and the engine block 12 around the opening 17.
  • the cooling oil can be introduced into the cooling medium duct 6' inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1.
  • the cooling oil can be used also as a dampening medium for reducing wear and fretting of the contact surfaces between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1.
  • the inner surface of the cylinder liner 1 is provided with an opening 20, which is in fluid communication with the cooling medium duct 6, 6' . Through the opening 20, the cooling oil can be supplied to the cooling medium injector 5' .
  • the opening 20 is located at such a height that the tip 5a' of the cooling medium injector 5' can be arranged above the center axis 4a of the gudgeon pin 4 when the piston 2 is at bottom dead center.
  • each cylinder of the engine is preferably provided with identical arrangements at both ends of the gudgeon pin 4.
  • the cooling medium duct 6 for introducing the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector 5 is arranged partly inside the engine block 12.
  • the cooling oil is introduced in the cooling medium duct 6 into a volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1.
  • the cylinder liner 1 is provided with a drilling 16 for introducing the cooling oil from the volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1 into the cooling medium injector 5.
  • the cooling oil can be used also as a dampening medium for reducing wear and fretting of the contact surfaces between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1.
  • the arrangement also enables effective cooling of the cylinder liner 1.
  • the embodiment of figure 4 is similar to the embodiment of figure 3. The difference is that the cooling oil is intro- quizd into the volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1 through the upper end of the volume 14.
  • a separate pipe 15 is used for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct 6 of the engine block 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston (2) of an internal combustion engine comprises a cooling medium injector (5, 5') for injecting cooling oil into a space (10) between the piston (2) and the cylinder liner (1) below the piston crown (2a), an opening (8) for introducing the cooling oil from the space (10) below the piston crown (2a) into a cooling oil gallery (7), and a cooling medium duct (6, 6') for supplying the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector (5, 5,). The cooling medium injector (5, 5') is arranged inside the cylinder at such a height that the tip (5a, 5a') of the injector (5, 5') is above the center axis (4a) of the gudgeon pin (4) of the piston (2) when the piston (2) is at bottom dead center.

Description

PISTON COOLING ARRANGEMENT AND CYLINDER LINER
Technical field of the invention
The present invention relates to a cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also concerns a cylinder liner for a piston engine in accordance with the preamble of the other independent claim.
Background of the invention
Piston cooling in large medium speed engines is typically arranged through drillings in the crankshaft, connecting rods and gudgeon pins. In high speed engines, piston cooling is often implemented by utilizing oil jets. Jet cooling is advantageous also in medium speed engines, since it omits the need for oil drillings in the crank gear components and allows thus higher loading and lower manufacturing costs. In a typical jet cooling arrangement, the cooling arrangement is provided with a separate oil system for piston cooling. Oil injection nozzles for spraying the cooling oil are arranged inside the engine block. Through the injection nozzles, the oil is sprayed onto the bottom side of each piston. The piston skirt is provided with a space for receiving the oil. Drillings from the oil receiving space lead into a piston crown cooling gallery. A drawback of the present piston cooling arrangements is that the spraying distance is relatively long, which has an adverse effect on the functioning of the cooling system. The cooling arrangements may also be challenging to implement, since the space inside the engine block and especially below the cylinders is limited because of the moving connecting rods and counterweights.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston of an internal combustion engine. The piston is arranged inside a cylinder liner of the engine and comprises a piston crown and a piston skirt. The characterizing features of the piston cooling arrangement according to the present invention are given in the characterizing part of claim 1. Another object of the invention is to pro- vide an improved cylinder liner for a piston engine. The characterizing features of the cylinder liner are given in the characterizing part of the other independent claim.
The cooling arrangement according to the invention comprises a cooling oil gallery that is arranged at least partly inside the piston crown, a cooling medium injector for injecting cooling oil into a space between the piston and the cylinder liner below the piston crown, an opening that is arranged on the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery for introducing the cooling oil from the space below the piston crown into the cooling oil gallery, and a cooling medium duct for supplying the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector. The cooling medium injector is arranged inside the cylinder at such a height that the tip of the cooling medium injector is above the center axis of the gudgeon pin of the piston when the piston is at bottom dead center.
Since the cooling medium injector is arranged close to the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery, the spraying distance is short and the cooling effect of the cooling oil is improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the tip of the injector is above the whole gudgeon pin when the piston is at bottom dead center.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the piston is a box-type piston, where the piston skirt is open in the direction of the gudgeon pin. According to another embodiment of the invention, the cooling medium injector is arranged to protrude into the cylinder in the direction of the gudgeon pin. With a box-type piston, the cooling medium injector can be fastened directly to the cylinder liner and located close to the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery.
According to an embodiment of the invention, part of the cooling medium duct is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner. According to another embodiment of the invention, the lower end surface of the cylinder liner is provided with an opening for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct inside the wall of the cylinder liner. According to another embodiment of the invention, the arrangement comprises a drilling in the engine block for in- traducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct inside the wall of the cylinder liner. If the cooling medium duct is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner, the need for separate pipes can be eliminated. By arranging the drilling in the lower radial support of the cylinder liner, the cooling oil can be used also as dampening medium for reducing wear and fretting of the contact surfaces between the engine block and the cylinder liner.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the cylinder liner is provided with an opening on its outer surface, which opening is arranged against a supporting surface of the engine block for introducing cooling oil into the cooling medium duct. According to another embodiment of the invention, the supporting surface of the engine block is arranged to support the lower end of the cylinder liner in the radial direction.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, the arrangement comprises a volume between the engine block and the cylinder liner, from which volume the cooling oil is introduced to the cooling medium injector. The cooling oil can thus also be used as dampening and cooling medium for the cylinder liner. Effective cooling of the cylinder liner can thus be achieved and because of the dampening effect, wear and fretting between the engine block and cylinder liner surfaces is also reduced.
The cylinder liner according to the invention comprises a cooling medium duct that is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner and an opening that is arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder liner and in fluid communication with the cooling medium duct for supplying cooling oil to a cooling medium injector and further to a piston of the engine. The outer surface of the cylinder liner is provided with an opening for introducing cooling oil into the cooling medium duct, the opening being arrangeable against a surface that is arranged in an engine block for supporting the lower end of the cylinder liner in the radial direction. With the cylinder liner according to the invention, cooling oil can be introduced through the lower end of the cylinder liner to a cooling medium injector, which can be located close to the piston crown. According to an embodiment of the invention, the opening on the inner surface of the cylinder liner is at such a height that the tip of the cooling medium injector can be arranged above the center axis of the gudgeon pin of the piston when the piston is at bottom dead center.
According to an embodiment of the invention, at least part of the cooling medium duct inside the wall of the cylinder liner is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows a piston cooling arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken along line A-A.
Fig. 3 shows a piston cooling arrangement according to another embodiment of the in- vention.
Fig. 4 shows a piston cooling arrangement according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are now described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In figure 1 is shown a cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston 2 of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the invention. In figure 1, the piston 2 is at bottom dead center. The engine where the piston cooling arrangement is used is a large medium or high speed internal combustion engine. The engine can be used, for instance, as a main or an auxiliary engine of a ship, or at a power plant for producing electricity. The engine can be provided with any reasonable number of cylinders, which can be arranged for example in line or in a V-configuration. Each cylinder of the engine is provided with a cylinder liner 1. The cylinder liner 1 is arranged in an engine block 12. The upper end of the cylinder liner 1 is provided with a collar 18, which rests against the upper surface of the engine block 12. The engine block 12 comprises a pro- trusion 19, which extends towards the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner 1 and supports the upper end of the cylinder liner 1 in the radial direction. A second protrusion 13 forms a lower radial support for supporting the lower end of the cylinder liner 1 in the radial direction. The piston 2 is arranged inside the cylinder. The piston comprises a piston crown 2a and a piston skirt 2b. The piston 2 is connected to a connecting rod 3 with a gudgeon pin 4. The piston 2 is a so-called box-type piston, where the piston skirt 2b is open in the direction of the gudgeon pin 4. An empty space 10 is thus formed below the piston crown 2a between the cylinder liner 1 and the piston 2 at both ends of the gudgeon pin 4.
For cooling the piston 2, the engine is provided with a cooling arrangement. The cooling arrangement is used for introducing cooling oil onto the bottom surface of the piston 2 and further into a cooling oil gallery 7 that is arranged at the upper end of the piston 2 and at least partly inside the piston crown 2a. The cooling arrangement comprises a cooling medium injector 5 that is arranged inside the cylinder. A cooling oil pump (not shown) is connected with a cooling medium duct 6 to the cooling medium injector 5 for supplying the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector 5. The cooling medium injector 5 is located at such a height inside the cylinder that when the piston 2 is at bottom dead center, the tip 5a of the cooling medium injector 5 is above the center axis of the gudgeon pin 4. In the embodiment of figure 1, the tip 5a of the cooling medium injector 5 is above the whole gudgeon pin 4. Since the cooling medium injector 5 is located close to the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery 7, short spraying distance and effective cooling is enabled. The cooling oil is injected into the space 10 between the cylinder liner 1 and the piston 2 below the piston crown 2a. The cooling medium injector 5 is arranged to inject the cooling oil towards the upper part of the piston 2. From the space 10 below the piston crown 2a, the cooling oil can flow into the cooling oil gallery 7 through an opening 8 that is arranged in the bottom of the cooling oil gallery 7.
In the embodiment of the figure 1, the cooling medium duct 6 is arranged partly inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1. With this arrangement, the need for separate pipes can be reduced. The cooling medium injector 5 is arranged to protrude from the wall of the cylinder liner 1 into the cylinder in the direction of the gudgeon pin 4. However, it is also possible that the cooling medium injector 5 protrudes into the cylinder in a differ- ent angle. The cooling medium injector 5 can also be offset from the center line of the gudgeon pin 4. The cooling medium injector 5 is L-shaped, and the open end of the cooling medium injector 5 points towards the cylinder head. The cooling oil spray is thus directed at the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery 7. The lower end of the cylinder liner 1 is provided with an opening 9 for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct 6 inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1. The opening 9 is on an end surface of the cylinder liner 1.
In figures 1 and 2 there is shown also a second cooling medium injector 5' . A second cooling medium duct 6' is arranged partly inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1 for connecting the second cooling medium injector 5' to the cooling oil pump. The cooling oil is introduced into the second cooling medium duct 6' inside the wall of cylinder liner 1 through a drilling 11 in the lower radial support 13 of the cylinder liner 1. The cylinder liner 1 is provided with an opening 17, which is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder liner 1. The opening 17 is arranged against the surface of the engine block, which surface supports the lower end of the cylinder liner 1 in the radial direction. The opening 17 is aligned with the drilling 11 of the engine block 12. A seal 21 is arranged between the cylinder liner 1 and the engine block 12 around the opening 17. Through the opening 17, the cooling oil can be introduced into the cooling medium duct 6' inside the wall of the cylinder liner 1. By arranging the drilling 11 in the protrusion 13, which supports the cylinder liner 1, the cooling oil can be used also as a dampening medium for reducing wear and fretting of the contact surfaces between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1. The inner surface of the cylinder liner 1 is provided with an opening 20, which is in fluid communication with the cooling medium duct 6, 6' . Through the opening 20, the cooling oil can be supplied to the cooling medium injector 5' . The opening 20 is located at such a height that the tip 5a' of the cooling medium injector 5' can be arranged above the center axis 4a of the gudgeon pin 4 when the piston 2 is at bottom dead center. Although two different cooling arrangements are shown in figure 1, each cylinder of the engine is preferably provided with identical arrangements at both ends of the gudgeon pin 4.
In the embodiment of figure 3, the cooling medium duct 6 for introducing the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector 5 is arranged partly inside the engine block 12. The cooling oil is introduced in the cooling medium duct 6 into a volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1. The cylinder liner 1 is provided with a drilling 16 for introducing the cooling oil from the volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1 into the cooling medium injector 5. By arranging the cooling oil supply via the volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1, the cooling oil can be used also as a dampening medium for reducing wear and fretting of the contact surfaces between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1. The arrangement also enables effective cooling of the cylinder liner 1. The embodiment of figure 4 is similar to the embodiment of figure 3. The difference is that the cooling oil is intro- duced into the volume 14 between the engine block 12 and the cylinder liner 1 through the upper end of the volume 14. A separate pipe 15 is used for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct 6 of the engine block 12.
It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but may vary within the scope of the appended claims. For instance, features of the different embodiments can be combined.

Claims

Claims
1. A cooling arrangement for a reciprocating piston (2) of an internal combustion engine, which piston (2) is arranged inside a cylinder liner (1) of the engine and comprises a piston crown (2a) and a piston skirt (2b), the cooling arrangement comprising - a cooling oil gallery (7) that is arranged at least partly inside the piston crown
(2a),
a cooling medium injector (5, 5') for injecting cooling oil into a space (10) between the piston (2) and the cylinder liner (1) below the piston crown (2a), an opening (8) that is arranged on the bottom surface of the cooling oil gallery (7) for introducing the cooling oil from the space (10) below the piston crown
(2a) into the cooling oil gallery (7), and
a cooling medium duct (6, 6') for supplying the cooling oil to the cooling medium injector (5, 5'),
characterized in that the cooling medium injector (5, 5') is arranged inside the cylinder at such a height that the tip (5a, 5a') of the cooling medium injector (5, 5') is above the center axis (4a) of the gudgeon pin (4) of the piston (2) when the piston (2) is at bottom dead center.
2. An arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the tip (5a, 5a') of the cooling medium injector (5, 5') is above the whole gudgeon pin (4) when the piston
(2) is at bottom dead center.
3. An arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston (2) is a box-type piston (2), where the piston skirt (2b) is open in the direction of the gudgeon pin (4).
4. An arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the cooling medium injector (5, 5') is arranged to protrude into the cylinder in the direction of the gudgeon pin (4).
5. An arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that part of the cooling medium duct (6, 6') is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner (1) in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner (1).
6. An arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower end surface of the cylinder liner (1) is provided with an opening (9) for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct (6) inside the wall of the cylinder liner (1).
7. An arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a drilling (11) in the engine block (12) for introducing the cooling oil into the cooling medium duct (6') inside the wall of the cylinder liner (1).
8. An arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the cylinder liner (1) is provided with an opening (17) on its outer surface, which opening (17) is arranged against a supporting surface of the engine block (12) for introducing cooling oil into the cooling medium duct (6').
9. An arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the supporting surface of the engine block (12) is arranged to support the lower end of the cylinder liner (1) in the radial direction.
10. An arrangement according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a volume (14) between the engine block (12) and the cylinder liner (1), from which volume (14) the cooling oil is introduced to the cooling medi- um injector (5).
11. A cylinder liner (1) for a piston engine, the cylinder liner (1) comprising a cooling medium duct (6, 6') that is arranged inside the wall of the cylinder liner (1) and an opening (20) that is arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder liner (1) and in fluid communication with the cooling medium duct (6, 6') for supplying cooling oil to a cooling medium injector (5, 5') and further to a piston (2) of the engine, characterized in that the outer surface of the cylinder liner (1) is provided with an opening (17) for introducing cooling oil into the cooling medium duct (6, 6'), the opening (17) being arrange- able against a surface that is arranged in an engine block (12) for supporting the lower end of the cylinder liner (1) in the radial direction.
12. A cylinder liner (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the opening (20) on the inner surface of the cylinder liner (1) is at such a height that the tip (5a, 5a') of the cooling medium injector (5, 5') can be arranged above the center axis (4a) of the gudgeon pin (4) of the piston (2) when the piston (2) is at bottom dead center.
13. A cylinder liner (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that at least part of the cooling medium duct (6, 6') inside the wall of the cylinder liner (1) is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder liner (1).
EP13712819.5A 2012-02-15 2013-02-13 Piston cooling arrangement and cylinder liner Active EP2820277B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20125167A FI124930B (en) 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 The piston cooling arrangement
PCT/FI2013/050158 WO2013121105A1 (en) 2012-02-15 2013-02-13 Piston cooling arrangement and cylinder liner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2820277A1 true EP2820277A1 (en) 2015-01-07
EP2820277B1 EP2820277B1 (en) 2016-04-06

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EP (1) EP2820277B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102065800B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104126068B (en)
BR (1) BR112014018952B1 (en)
FI (1) FI124930B (en)
WO (1) WO2013121105A1 (en)

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DE102016113394B3 (en) * 2016-07-20 2017-10-19 Ino8 Pty Ltd Thermal management system and method of variable cylinder cooling of an internal combustion engine
US10808646B2 (en) * 2019-01-09 2020-10-20 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Cooled piston and cylinder for compressors and engines
WO2023193885A1 (en) 2022-04-05 2023-10-12 Wärtsilä Finland Oy A nozzle for a cooling arrangement of a piston in an internal combustion piston engine and a cooling arrangement for a piston of an internal combustion piston engine
WO2024044450A1 (en) * 2022-08-22 2024-02-29 Cummins Inc. Pistons and internal combustion engine cylinders configured for piston cooling

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DE19747746C1 (en) * 1997-10-29 1998-11-19 Alcan Gmbh Cooled piston for combustion (IC) engine
US6634278B2 (en) * 2000-10-18 2003-10-21 Caterpillar Inc. Piston for an internal combustion engine and method of assembly
DE10214830A1 (en) * 2002-04-04 2004-01-08 Mahle Gmbh Oil inlet for a piston of an internal combustion engine provided with a cooling channel
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BR112014018952B1 (en) 2021-11-23
BR112014018952A8 (en) 2017-07-11
WO2013121105A1 (en) 2013-08-22
CN104126068A (en) 2014-10-29
FI124930B (en) 2015-03-31
EP2820277B1 (en) 2016-04-06
CN104126068B (en) 2017-05-31
KR102065800B1 (en) 2020-02-11
FI20125167A (en) 2013-08-16
KR20140125397A (en) 2014-10-28
BR112014018952A2 (en) 2017-06-20

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