EP2816875A2 - Direct current electric fence device - Google Patents

Abstract

Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) for the guarding of animals with a DC voltage generator (2), wherein the DC voltage generator (2) has an energy store (2b), preferably a capacitor (C1), wherein in galvanic contacting an electrical load to the energy storage (2b) the energy is released from this substantially completely, preferably abruptly and completely, to the load.

Description

The present invention relates to a DC energizer for the guarding of animals with a DC generator. Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement with a DC voltage fence and a wicker fence wire.

The application of animals to grazing land always involves risks. On the one hand, the environment of the pastures must be protected and, on the other hand, the animals must be protected from the environment. In most cases, an electric fence is used. At these animal and environment certain safety requirements, such as species-appropriate animal husbandry and protection of people living in the environment of the pasture fence, objects, machines, etc. are provided.

Extensive grazing land and fewer and fewer people working on farms nowadays increasingly require modern technical equipment to guarantee the necessary safety and at the same time minimize the liability premiums for animal accidents. In particular, it is thus necessary to equip electric fencers in such a way that system data is queried remotely during normal operation and messages are sent by the energiser to a telephone or smartphone in the event of a fault. Also, keeping animals on pastures away from the farm must be secured for the animal and the environment. Since there is usually no electrical network available, a battery-powered supply is required, which is charged via photovoltaic. This energy efficiency can be far better fulfilled by a DC energizer than with conventional devices.

The state of the art is electric fencing devices, which emit electrical voltage pulses up to 10,000 volts and an energy content up to 6 joules at predefined time intervals - usually between one and two seconds. This results in a high energy consumption. Large grazing areas require extensive pasture fences, which results in a decrease in the pulse voltage level with the removal of the fencer. The soil quality - especially the moisture - have a significant influence at a given pulse voltage level and pulse energy content on the causing shock effect in the animal. Consequently, the Hütesicherheit can not be guaranteed nationwide. Likewise, the random occurrence of voltage pulses in the pasture fencing wire increases the outbreak of animals when they touch the pasture fencing wire during the pulse-free period and are frightened by the subsequent voltage pulse, thereby breaking the wicker fencing wire. If an animal gets caught in the wicker fence wire, the repetitive occurrence of voltage impulses in the wicker fence wire causes animal cruelty, which in the worst case can lead to the animal being consumed. To avoid all the associated problems, the pasture area must be checked at regular intervals by the farmer, which requires a considerable amount of time. In particular, credible records of the inspections carried out are indispensable in order to be able to demonstrate the duty of supervision in court and insurance in the event of damage.

The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a comparison with the prior art improved pasture fence and an improved arrangement.

This object is achieved by a DC voltage energizer having the features of claim 1 and an arrangement having the features of claim 12.

Accordingly, the invention provides that the DC voltage generator has an energy storage device, preferably a capacitor, wherein in galvanic contacting of an electrical load to the energy storage, the energy from this substantially completely, preferably abruptly and completely, is delivered to the load.

As a result, it can be achieved that, in the case of a conductive connection of an electrical load, the energy store can deliver its energy abruptly to it. In other words, if the energy store is contacted by about a shepherd to be protected in a conductive manner, the energy stored in the energy store - when a capacitor is used as an energy store due to the high output voltage even at relatively high contact resistance - instantaneously discharge the contact point. It can thus come to a desired shock effect by an electric shock, whose or its extent by the dimensions and the operating parameters of the energy storage, in a capacitor as an energy storage about the voltage and the capacitance, determined and adapted to the expected circumstances, such as conductivity of the contact.

It is preferably provided that the DC voltage generator is powered by a power supply, preferably a battery-powered power supply. This allows the use of the DC backhoe in environments where no electrical network is available. It is also conceivable that the battery-supported supply can be charged via photovoltaic.

Particularly preferably, it is provided that a control module, preferably with a microcontroller, is provided, by which the height of the output voltage can be selected via a voltage selection. Thus, it is possible to realize a flexibly usable direct voltage fencing device in which the level of the electrical output voltage can be adjusted depending on the animal species.

It is preferably provided that the DC voltage generator comprises a cascade circuit. As a result, the desired output voltage can be generated in a cost-effective, compact, wear-free and non-aging manner.

Preferably, it is provided that an energy of up to 15 joules can be spread by the energy storage at an output voltage of up to 10 kV. Thus, depending on the species adjustable, the shock effect to be created can be divided.

Preferably, it is provided that the DC voltage generator at the output of a protective circuit, preferably a choke coil having. By such a protection circuit, the energy storage device can be protected from an excessively high discharge current in the event of a fault or short circuit. With the execution of a protective circuit by a choke coil, the protection circuit can also be constructed simply, inexpensively and wear-free.

Particularly preferably, it is provided that the energy store is reloaded only after elimination of the electrical load. This has the effect that the discharge of the energy storage by the electrical load, and thus the electric shock or the shock effect, takes place only once. This also has the consequence that thereby the energy consumption of Gleichspannungsweidezaungeräts is very low. After discharging the energy storage by the electrical load thus breaks the voltage at the output together. Thus, the invention provides that after the elimination of the electrical load of the energy storage is preferably recharged within a few milliseconds to the preset output voltage.

Preferably, it is provided that the output of the DC voltage generator via a switching element is short-circuited, thereby, it is possible that the energy storage can be safely discharged via a correspondingly designed switching element.

It is preferably provided that the control module further comprises a display and / or a radio connection, preferably a mobile radio connection and / or an Internet connection. A display makes it easy to read operating parameters of the DC backhoe. A radio connection also makes it possible to query operating parameters remotely or to carry out remote maintenance work.

In this case, it is preferably provided that the DC power fences can be operated via a telephone or smartphone. Thus, for example, also a switching on and off of the DC power fences via a phone or a smartphone. However, it is also conceivable that an operation of the direct voltage device via other Internet-enabled devices, such as laptops, tablets or a PC with Internet connection can be done.

It is preferably provided that in unauthorized manipulation of Gleichspannungsweidezaungerätes a message, preferably by SMS, to a phone or smartphone, wherein the message contains the coordinates of the DC voltage fence. In other words, it is thus possible that in case of theft or sabotage of the Glelchspannungsweidezaungerätes a Alarm message via SMS on phone or smartphone is carried out, which also transmits the exact coordinates of the DC power supply.

As already mentioned above, the object of the invention is also fulfilled by an arrangement with a DC voltage fence device and a pasture fence wire.

Accordingly, it is provided according to the invention that the pasture fence wire is connected to the DC voltage generator of the DC voltage verifier. As a result of the DC voltage generator according to the invention, the electrical voltage is built up uniformly over the entire length of the wicker fence wire. When touching the pasture fencing wire by an animal thus takes place a short, one-off, adapted to the species, electric shock, the energy storage is only recharged after the animal - which is an electrical load for the energy storage - again away from the pasture fencing wire.

Particularly preferably, it is provided that, in the event of a fault, starting from the direct current energizer by means of a signal propagation time measurement, the distance of the defect in the wicker fence wire is determined. An error case can be e.g. an entanglement of an animal in the wicker fence wire or even damage to the wicker fence wire. A signal delay measurement can be carried out at low pulse energies. So if an animal has caught in the pasture fence wire, this remains uninjured by the signal transit time measurement. The wave reflected by the short circuit or the interruption can be used to deduce the fault that has occurred. In other words, this makes it possible that in the event of an error by a signal propagation time measurement, the distance of the short circuit or the interruption in the pasture fence wire can be specified by Gleichspannungsweideaza from.

It is preferably provided that the determined data in a message, preferably by SMS, be forwarded to a phone or smartphone. By more accurate knowledge of the defect so maintenance of the wicker fence wire can be done with less time.

Preferably, it is provided that the pasture fence wire is constructed as a differential voltage wetting fence line, preferably constructed by two insulated wires. The two wires can have a voltage difference of up to 10 kV. As a result of the execution of the wicker fencing wire as a differential voltage pasture line, the current can not flow through the carcass, but the electric shock can only take place at the point of contact with the differential voltage wetting fence. Thus, it can be ensured that the function of the pasture fence even with poor drainage to earth, as is the case for particularly dry soil, is given.

Preferably, it is provided that the electrical voltage is monitored in Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät and in the pasture fencing wire from the control module. Thus, it can be ensured that the wicker fence wire is operated at the preset output voltage. It can also be determined by whether a load is applied to the Weidezaundraht or whether it is interrupted.

It is preferably provided that in the case of a significant deviation of at least one of the monitored voltages, a message is forwarded to a telephone or smartphone. As a result, a user can be informed immediately of deviations of the operating parameters.

It is particularly preferred that further fastenings, preferably posts with insulators, are provided for the pasture fence wire. Thus, a particularly preferred embodiment of the arrangement can be realized.

Fig. 1

eine Anordnung mit einem Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät, einem Weidezaundraht und Pfosten mit Isolatoren,

Fig. 2

eine Ausführung des Weidezaundrahts als Differenzspannungsweidezaunleitung,

Fig. 3

ein Blockschaltbild eines Gleichspannungsweidezaungeräts und

Fig. 4a bis 4c

verschiedene Ausführungen des Aufbaus einer Differenzspannungsweidezaunleitung.

Further details and advantages of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

an arrangement with a DC energizer, a wicker fence wire and posts with insulators,

Fig. 2

an embodiment of the wicker fencing wire as a differential voltage wattle fence line,

Fig. 3

a block diagram of a Gleichspannungsweidezaungeräts and

Fig. 4a to 4c

various embodiments of the structure of a differential voltage pasture fence.

FIG. 1 shows an arrangement 6 with a DC voltage fence 1, a pasture fencing wire 5 and posts 7 with insulators 8. The pasture 9 is bounded by the pasture fencing wire 5. In principle, the grazing area 9 may be the area occupied by the animals to be protected, but it should not be ruled out that a field not to be entered by animals or grazing animals is bounded by the fencing wire 5. The post 7 with matched according to the execution of the wicker fence wire 5 insulators 8 is assigned the task to attach the Weidezaundraht 5 and to tension. The pasture fencing wire 5 is connected to both ends of the DC voltage fence 1. Now, when an animal comes into contact with the pasture fencing wire 5, the flow of electric shock from the DC energizer 1 will flow through the carcass to earth, resulting in the desired shock effect.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the pasture fencing wire 5 as a differential voltage pasture line. The pasture fencing wire 5 is constructed by two wires insulated from each other. These are the voltage line 14 and the reference line 15. It is provided that the voltage line 14 is connected to one side of the high voltage terminal 10 of the DC voltage generator 2 and connected to the measuring terminal 11 of the DC voltage generator 2 on the other side. Since, for example, in dry soils a safe discharge to ground can not be guaranteed, a reference line 15 is performed parallel to the voltage line 14 at the differential voltage wetting fence. This is connected via a reference terminal 12 or locally via a ground terminal 13 to the ground potential. The grazing area 9 is enclosed by the pasture fencing wire 5 again. If a grazing animal comes into contact with the two lines 14, 15, the current will only flow at the point of contact with the differential voltage faucet line given a corresponding voltage difference between the two lines 14, 15. This can be done even with bad Abgleiteigenschaften of the soil, how it approximately with dry Soils are the case, a shock effect and thus a safe function of the pasture fence can be guaranteed.

According to the Figure 3 The DC power supply 1 according to the invention has a DC voltage generator 2, a control module 3 and a power supply 4. The DC voltage generator 2 consists of an adjustable cascade circuit 2a, an energy storage 2b, preferably in the form of a capacitor C1, a protection circuit 2c, preferably in the form of a choke coil L1, a control 2d and a switching element 2e. The control module 3 consists of a microcontroller 3a, a radio link 3b, a display 3c and a voltage selection 3d. The power supply 4 can be supplied via a mains connection 17 from an electrical network, but it is also possible that this is a battery-powered power supply 4. In addition, it is conceivable that the battery-supported power supply 4 is charged by photovoltaics. The protection circuit 2c, preferably designed as a choke coil L1, thereby protects the energy storage 2b against excessive discharge currents. The switching element 2e makes it possible to safely discharge the cascade circuit 2a, as is desired, for example, for securely terminating the wicker fence wire 5. In the control module 3 can by means of the voltage selection 3d, the height of the DC voltage of the output voltage depending on the species up to 10,000 volts in the pasture fencing 5, which is preferably designed as a differential voltage faucet, are set. In order to connect the fencing wire 5, the DC power supply 1 also has a high voltage terminal 10, a measuring terminal 11 and a reference terminal 12. The fencing wire 5 is connected at one end to the high voltage terminal 10 and at the other end to the measuring terminal 11. In the execution of the wicker fencing wire as differential voltage wetting fence, the voltage line 14 is connected to the aforementioned terminals and the additional reference line 15 is connected to the reference terminal 12 and carried along with the voltage line 14. As long as there is no electrical load at the output of the energy store 2b, the electrical voltage is built up uniformly over the entire pasture fence wire length. This allows a particularly energy-saving training of a pasture fence. Due to the energy accumulator 2b attached to the output of the DC voltage generator 2, preferably embodied as a capacitor C1, a shock effect results when the field wire 5 is touched Energy of up to 15 joules. After release of the energy from the energy storage 2b, the voltage in the wicker fence wire collapses. Subsequently, the DC voltage generator 2 builds within a few milliseconds the preset DC voltage in the pasture fencing wire 5 again, ie the energy storage 2b, preferably so the capacitor C1 is again filled with electrical energy. However, if an animal caught in the pasture fencing 5, so only a short, adapted to the species of animals, electric shock and DC voltage in the pasture fencing 5 can not build up due to circuit. The animal remains unhurt. So it can therefore be spoken of a "humane hats" of animals. If the pasture fence takes damage, or an electrical load remains on the pasture fence, the control module 3 immediately performs a transit time measurement in the pasture fence wire 5 and can by evaluating the returning wave to an interruption or a short circuit in the pasture fence wire 5, as well as the removal of the error from Close the DC energizer 1. The evaluated data is then sent to a phone or smartphone. All system-relevant data, such as, for example, battery voltage, DC voltage in the wicker fence wire 5, location of the DC power supply 1, etc., can be queried at any time via a telephone or smartphone. The switching on and off of the DC power supply 1 can be done remotely via a smartphone. An operation of the Gleichspannungsweidezaungeräts 1 can also be done via other Internet-enabled devices, such as laptops, tablets or a PC with Internet connection.

FIGS. 4a to 4c show various embodiments of the construction of a differential voltage pasture fence. It shows FIG. 4a a voltage line 14 which is formed by insulators 16 spaced from the reference line 15. The insulators 16 may be formed for example by non-conductive plastic structures. FIG. 4b shows a section through an alternating arrangement of voltage lines 14 and reference lines 15, which are each spaced by web-shaped insulators 16. Figure 4c shows a twisted pair of a voltage line 14 and a reference line 15. The twisted lines are spaced apart by insulators 16.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

DC electric fence

2

DC voltage generator

2a

cascade

2 B

energy storage

C1

Konsensator

2c

protection circuit

L1

inductor

2d

regulation

2e

switching element

3

control module

3a

microcontroller

3b

radio link

3c

display

3d

voltage selection

4

power adapter

5

Fencing wire

6

arrangement

7

post

8th

insulator

9

pasture

10

High voltage connection

11

measuring connection

12

reference port

13

Earth connection

14

voltage line

15

Referenzieitung

16

insulator

17

mains connection

Claims (15)

Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) for the guarding of animals with a DC voltage generator (2), characterized in that the DC voltage generator (2) has an energy store (2b), preferably a capacitor (C1), wherein in galvanic contacting an electrical load to the energy storage (2b) the energy is released from this substantially completely, preferably abruptly and completely, to the load. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to claim 1, wherein the DC voltage generator (2) by a power supply (4), preferably a battery-powered power supply is fed. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a control module (3), preferably with a microcontroller (3a), is provided, through which the height of the output voltage via a voltage selection (3d) is selectable. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the DC voltage generator (2) comprises a cascade circuit (2a). Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein by the energy storage (2b) at an output voltage of up to 10 kV, an energy of up to 15 joules is breitstellbar. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the DC voltage generator (2) at the output of a protective circuit (2c), preferably a choke coil (L1) comprises. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the energy storage device (2b) is reloaded only after elimination of the electrical load. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the output of the DC voltage generator (2) via a switching element (2e) is short-circuited. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control module (3) further comprises a display (3c) and / or a radio link (3b), preferably a mobile radio connection and / or an Internet connection. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) via a telephone or smartphone is operable. Gleichspannungsweidezaungerät (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein in unauthorized manipulation of the Gleichspannungsweidezaungerätes (1) a message, preferably by SMS, to a phone or smartphone, wherein the message contains the coordinates of the DC voltage fence device (1). Arrangement (6) comprising a direct current fences (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11 and a pasture fencing wire (5), preferably attached to posts (7) via insulators (8), characterized in that the fencing field wire (5) is connected to the DC voltage generator (5). 2) of the Gleichspannungsweidezaungeräts (1) is connected. Arrangement (6) according to claim 12, wherein in the event of a fault, starting from the DC voltage fence (1) by a signal propagation time measurement, the distance of the defect in the wicker fence wire (5) is determined and preferably a message is forwarded. Arrangement (6) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the pasture fencing wire (5) is designed as a differential voltage wetting fence line, preferably constructed by two insulated wires. Arrangement (6) according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the electrical voltage in the DC voltage fence device (1) as well as in the pasture fencing wire (5) is monitored by the control module (3).

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